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Revista De Estudios Kantianos Revista de Estudios Kantianos Publicación internacional de la Sociedad de Estudios Kantianos en Lengua Española Internationale Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Kant-Studien in Spanischer Sprache International Journal of the Society of Kantian Studies in the Spanish Language Dirección Fernando Moledo, Fernuniversität in Hagen [email protected] Hernán Pringe, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires/ Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago de Chile [email protected] Secretario de edición Óscar Cubo Ugarte, Universitat de València [email protected] Secretaria de calidad Alba Jiménez Rodríguez, Universidad Complutense de Madrid [email protected] Editores científicos Jacinto Rivera de Rosales, UNED, Madrid Claudia Jáuregui, Universidad de Buenos Aires Vicente Durán, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá Julio del Valle, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima Jesús Conill, Universitat de València Gustavo Leyva, Universidad Autónoma de México, México D. F. María Xesús Vázquez Lobeiras, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Wilson Herrera, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá Pablo Oyarzun, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile Paula Órdenes Azúa, Universität Heidelberg Comité científico Juan Arana, Universidad de Sevilla Reinhardt Brandt, Philipps-Universität Marburg Mario Caimi, Universidad de Buenos Aires Monique Castillo, Université de Paris-Est Adela Cortina, Universitat de València Bernd Dörflinger, Universität Trier Norbert Fischer, Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt Miguel Giusti, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Dulce María Granja, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Christian Hamm, Universidad Federal de Santa María, Brasil Dietmar Heidemann, Université du Luxembourg Otfried Höffe, Universität Tübingen Claudio La Rocca, Università degli Studi di Genova Juan Manuel Navarro Cordón, Universidad Complutense, Madrid Carlos Pereda, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Gustavo Pereira, Universidad de la República, Uruguay Ubirajara Rancan de Azevedo, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil Margit Ruffing, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Gustavo Sarmiento, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Venezuela Sergio Sevilla, Universitat de València Roberto Torretti, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago de Chile Violetta Waibel, Universität Wien Howard Williams, University of Aberystwyth Allen W. Wood, Indiana University Diseño, revisión de estilo, corrector y maqueta Josefa Ros Velasco, Harvard University, Cambridge (MA) Entidades colaboradoras Sociedad de Estudios Kantianos en Lengua Española (SEKLE) Departament de Filosofia de la Universitat de València Instituto de Humanidades, Universidad Diego Portales Artículos 137 ¿Puede la razón práctica ser artificial? Dieter Schönecker DOI 10.7203/REK.3.2.13208 149 Invitación al estudio de la aetas kantiana. La filosofía trascendental de Kant a la luz de la crítica de sus coetáneos alemanes Rogelio Rovira DOI 10.7203/REK.3.2.13017 175 La virtud de la humildad en la filosofía práctica de Hermann Cohen Héctor Oscar Arrese Igor DOI 10.7203/REK.3.2.12665 190 Elastic force in Kant’s early works Stephen Howard DOI 10.7203/REK.3.2.12780 208 La relación entre autoconciencia pura y existencia en la segunda edición de la Crítica de la razón pura Alejandra Baehr S. DOI 10.7203/REK.3.2.12776 Semblanza 224 Jorge Eugenio Dotti in memoriam Alberto Mario Damiani DOI 10.7203/REK.3.2.13208 Recensiones 227 Miguel Alejandro Herszenbaun: La antinomia de la razón pura en Kant y Hegel. Madrid, Alamanda, 2018, 603 pp. ISBN: 978-84-940-241-9-1. Agemir Bavaresco DOI 10.7203/REK.3.2.13190 229 Adela Cortina: Aporofobia, el rechazo al pobre. Un desafío para la democracia. Barcelona, Paidós, 2017, 196 pp. ISBN: 978-84-493-3338-5. Pedro Jesús Teruel DOI 10.7203/REK.3.1.13137 231 Francesco V. Tomassi (comp.): Der Zyklop in der Wissenschaft. Kant und die anthopologia transcendentalis, Archiv für Begriffsgeschichte, 14. Hamburgo, Félix Meiner Verlag, 2018, 207 pp. ISBN: 978-3-7873-3427-8. Luciana Martínez DOI 10.7203/REK.3.2.13162 234 Roberto Rodríguez Aramayo: Kant entre la Moral y la Política. Madrid, Alianza, 2018, 309 pp. ISBN: 978-84-9181-309-5. Alba M. Jiménez Rodríguez DOI 10.7203/REK.3.2.13150 Novedades editoriales 237 Immanuel Kant: Crítica de la razón pura. Estudio preliminar, traducción y notas de Mario Caimi. Segunda reimpresión con correcciones del traductor. México, Fondo de Cultura Económica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana y Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2018, 734 pp. ISBN: 978-607-16-0119-3. Mario Caimi DOI 10.7203/REK.3.2.13125 238 Gustavo Leyva; Álvaro Peláez; Pedro Stepanenko (eds.): Los Rostros de la Razón: Immanuel Kant desde Hispanoamérica. Barcelona, Anthropos Editorial; México, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, 2018, 3 vols., 208 pp. ISBN: 978-84-16421-91-6. Gustavo Leyva DOI 10.7203/REK.3.2.13124 Eventos y normas para autores 239 Leuven Kant Conference 2019: Kant’s Transcendental Dialectic Normas para autores DOI 10.7203/REK.3.2.13218 Elastic force in Kant’s early works STEPHEN HOWARD1 Abstract This paper argues that the notion of elastic force is an important and overlooked thread running through a number of Kant’s writings from 1754 to 1764. After presenting the historical context, I argue that the key aspects of Kant’s early understanding of physical elasticity can be found in On Fire (1755) and show how Kant attempts to explain a wide range of phenomena through elasticity. On my account, one aim of his account of physical monads is provide metaphysical grounds for elastic phenomena. Finally, I examine Kant’s hints that minds can be understood through an analogy with elastic physical phenomena. Keywords: Kant, precritical period, natural philosophy, On Fire, elasticity La fuerza elástica en los primeros trabajos de Kant Resumen Este artículo defiende que la noción de fuerza elástica es un importante hilo conductor que se ha pasado por alto en un número de escritos kantianos desde 1754 a 1764. Tras presentar el contexto histórico, explicaré que los aspectos cruciales de la temprana comprensión kantiana de la elasticidad física se encuentra en On Fire (1755), y mostraré cómo Kant trata de explicar una gran cantidad de fenómenos a través de la elasticidad. A mi juicio, uno de los objetivos de su reflexión sobre las mónadas físicas es el de facilitar la base para los fenómenos elásticos. Finalmente, examinaré la sugerencia de Kant de que las mentes pueden ser entendidas a través de una analogía con los fenómenos físicos elásticos. Palabras clave: Kant, periodo pre-crítico, filosofía natural, On Fire, elasticidad Introduction Between 1754 and 1764, Kant wrote on a remarkably wide range of topics for very diverse audiences. In the local Königsberg weekly newspaper, which primarily published small adverts for buying, selling and borrowing goods, Kant serialised essays on the rotation and age of the earth and on the causes of earthquakes.2 He issued pamphlets, advertising his lectures, on other natural-philosophical topics and on logic. The subjects of books Kant published over the decade include a “Newtonian” account of the formation and constitution of the universe, the possible grounds of the proof of God, and the introduction of negative magnitudes into philosophy.3 He wrote three Latin works to meet formal requirements at the University of Königsberg, on the nature of fire, metaphysical principles of 1 ICUB, University of Bucharest / University of Leuven. Contacto: [email protected]. 2 These essays appeared in the Wochentliche Königsbergische Frag- und Anzeigungs-Nachrichten in 1754, nos. 23-24 and 32-37 and 1756, nos. 4-5 and 15-16. My citations of Kant’s works generally follow the Cambridge edition, modified where I consider necessary. Translations of other foreign-language primary and secondary texts, if no translation is listed in the bibliography, are my own. 3 In addition, Kant published the Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and the Sublime (1764), a short book in a primarily anthropological vein that I will not discuss here. Revista de Estudios Kantianos ISSN-e: 2445-0669 Vol. 3, Núm. 2 (2018): 190-207 19 0 DOI 10.7203/REK.3.2.12780 Stephen Howard Elastic force in Kant’s early works cognition, and physical monads. Kant submitted an essay to the Berlin Academy prize competition on the methods of metaphysics and mathematics, which resulted, in 1764, in his first publication outside Königsberg. Commentators have often considered whether any common thread runs through this apparently eccentric assortment of early works. Michael Friedman and Martin Schönfeld propose a narrative that unifies the precritical period, according to which Kant attempts to fuse the results of Newtonian natural science with metaphysical foundations that fundamentally transform aspects of Leibnizian-Wolffian metaphysics (Friedman 1992: 1-52; Schönfeld 2000).4 This usefully highlights Kant’s early interest in natural philosophy, to which he dedicated more published pages than to metaphysics in 1754-1764. However, Friedman’s and Schönfeld’s broad narrative of Kant’s early “Newtonianism” risks obscuring themes that run through the early works but fit less easily into the opposed paradigms of Newtonian physics and Leibnizian-Wolffian metaphysics, as typically understood. This paper will trace one such theme through Kant’s early writings. It is striking how often in these works Kant refers to elasticity or elastic force [Elastizität, elastische Kraft or Federkraft] or uses examples of elastic phenomena. Kant conceives of air as a fundamentally elastic medium, and its
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