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Mitchell Thomas JOS Article
H-SC Journal of Sciences (2017) Vol. VI Thomas Mars: A prospect for settlement Mitchell H. Thomas’17 Department of Biology, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA 23943 The exploration of Mars was once left to the imagination. However, in recent years, the topic of exploring Mars has become more realistic and increasingly popular in news articles and scientific communities. Technology developed in the previous half-century have already allowed humans to send rovers to Mars in order to retrieve some basic data about the planet. Current technological advancements are resulting in reusable rockets that could one day travel between Earth and Mars. Exploration and colonization of Mars are important for the development of research on the planet and the search for life. Current data is limited, but shows that the conditions on Mars could have supported life in the past. To further our knowledge of the red planet, The atmosphere surrounding Earth is nearly organizations like NASA and companies like SpaceX one-hundred times denser than that of Mars and its are developing plans to colonize Mars. Many composition is crucial to life. According to NASA, the obstacles stand in the way before humans can reach Earth’s atmosphere is comprised of 78% Nitrogen, and colonize the red planet. However, Mars is the 21% Oxygen, and 1% Other. On Mars, the sparse best option for interplanetary colonization and the atmosphere is comprised of nearly 96% Carbon most feasible way to research current and future life Dioxide, less than 2% Argon, less than 2% Nitrogen, on a planet other than Earth. -
China Launches Mars Probe in Space Race with US 23 July 2020, by Ludovic Ehret
China launches Mars probe in space race with US 23 July 2020, by Ludovic Ehret The mission includes a Mars orbiter, a lander and a rover that will study the planet's soil. The five-tonne Tianwen-1 will arrive in the Red Planet's orbit in February 2021 after a seven- month, 55 million-kilometre (34 million-mile) voyage, and deploy the rover to Mars three months later in May. China's ambitious Tianwen-1 Mars mission lifted off from the southern island of Hainan China launched a rover to Mars on Thursday, a journey coinciding with a similar US mission as the powers take their rivalry into deep space. The two countries are taking advantage of a period when Earth and Mars are favourably aligned for a short journey, with the US spacecraft due to lift off on July 30. Factfile on China's aim to reach Mars with an orbiter, a lander and a rover. The mission is expected to launch The Chinese mission is named Tianwen-1 between July 20 and 25. ("Questions to Heaven")—a nod to a classical poem that has verses about the cosmos. Engineers and other employees cheered at the It is a crowded field. The United Arab Emirates launch site on the southern island of Hainan as it launched a probe on Monday that will orbit Mars lifted off into blue sky aboard a Long March once it reaches the Red Planet. 5—China's biggest space rocket. But the race to watch is between the United States "We carry out this first Mars exploration mission to and China, which has worked furiously to try and peacefully use the universe and to explore its match Washington's supremacy in space. -
Mars Science Laboratory Landing
PRESS KIT/JULY 2012 Mars Science Laboratory Landing Media Contacts Dwayne Brown NASA’s Mars 202-358-1726 Steve Cole Program 202-358-0918 Headquarters [email protected] Washington [email protected] Guy Webster Mars Science Laboratory 818-354-5011 D.C. Agle Mission 818-393-9011 Jet Propulsion Laboratory [email protected] Pasadena, Calif. [email protected] Science Payload Investigations Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer: Ruth Ann Chicoine, Canadian Space Agency, Saint-Hubert, Québec, Canada; 450-926-4451; [email protected] Chemistry and Camera: James Rickman, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N.M.; 505-665-9203; [email protected] Chemistry and Mineralogy: Rachel Hoover, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif.; 650-604-0643; [email protected] Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons: Igor Mitrofanov, Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia; 011-7-495-333-3489; [email protected] Mars Descent Imager, Mars Hand Lens Imager, Mast Camera: Michael Ravine, Malin Space Science Systems, San Diego; 858-552-2650 extension 591; [email protected] Radiation Assessment Detector: Donald Hassler, Southwest Research Institute; Boulder, Colo.; 303-546-0683; [email protected] Rover Environmental Monitoring Station: Luis Cuesta, Centro de Astrobiología, Madrid, Spain; 011-34-620-265557; [email protected] Sample Analysis at Mars: Nancy Neal Jones, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.; 301-286-0039; [email protected] Engineering Investigation MSL Entry, Descent and Landing Instrument Suite: Kathy Barnstorff, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va.; 757-864-9886; [email protected] Contents Media Services Information. -
Mars Science Laboratory Launch
PRESS KIT/NOVEMBER 2011 Mars Science Laboratory Launch Media Contacts Dwayne Brown NASA’s Mars 202-358-1726 Trent Perrotto Program 202-358-0321 Headquarters [email protected] Washington [email protected] Guy Webster Mars Science Laboratory 818-354-5011 Jet Propulsion Laboratory Mission [email protected] Pasadena, Calif. George Diller Launch 321-867-2468 Kennedy Space Center, Fla. [email protected] Jessica Rye Launch Vehicle 321-730-5646 United Launch Alliance and Operations [email protected] Cape Canaveral, Fla. Science Payload Investigations Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer: Ruth Ann Chicoine, Canadian Space Agency, Saint-Hubert, Québec, Canada; 450-926-4451; [email protected] Chemistry and Camera: Nancy Ambrosiano, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N.M.; 505-667-0471; [email protected] Chemistry and Mineralogy: Cathy Weselby, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif.; 650-604-4789; [email protected] Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons: Igor Mitrofanov, Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia; 011-7-495-333-3489; [email protected] Mars Descent Imager, Mars Hand Lens Imager, Mast Camera: Michael Ravine, Malin Space Science Systems, San Diego; 858-552-2650 extension 591; [email protected] Radiation Assessment Detector: Donald Hassler, Southwest Research Institute; Boulder, Colo.; 303-546-0683; [email protected] Rover Environmental Monitoring Station: Luis Cuesta, Centro de Astrobiología, Madrid, Spain; 011-34-620-265557; [email protected] Sample Analysis at Mars: Nancy Neal Jones, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.; 301-286-0039; [email protected] Engineering Investigation MSL Entry, Descent and Landing Instrument Suite: Kathy Barnstorff, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va.; 757-864-9886; [email protected] Contents Media Services Information. -
Mars 2020 Perseverance Launch Press Kit
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Mars 2020 Perseverance Launch Press Kit JUNE 2020 www.nasa.gov Table of contents INTRODUCTION 3 MEDIA SERVICES 11 QUICK FACTS 16 MISSION OVERVIEW 21 SPACECRAFT PERSEVERANCE ROVER 30 GETTING TO MARS 34 POWER 38 TELECOMMUNICATIONS 40 BIOLOGICAL CLEANLINESS 42 EXPERIMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES 45 SCIENCE 49 LANDING SITE 56 MANAGEMENT 58 MORE ON MARS 59 Introduction NASA’s next mission to Mars — the Mars 2020 Perseverance mission — is targeted to launch from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station no earlier than July 20, 2020. It will land in Jezero Crater on the Red Planet on Feb. 18, 2021. Perseverance is the most sophisticated rover NASA has ever sent to Mars, with a name that embodies NASA’s passion for taking on and overcoming challenges. It will search for signs of ancient microbial life, characterize the planet’s geology and climate, collect carefully selected and documented rock and sediment samples for possible return to Earth, and pave the way for human exploration beyond the Moon. Perseverance will also ferry a separate technology experiment to the surface of Mars — a helicopter named Ingenuity, the first aircraft to fly in a controlled way on another planet. Update: As of June 24, the launch is targeted for no earlier than July 22, 2020. Additional updates can be found on the mission’s launch page. Seven Things to Know About the Mars 2020 Perseverance Mission The Perseverance rover, built at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, is loaded with scientific instruments, advanced computational capabilities for landing and other new systems. -
Phoenix Launch Mission to the Martian Polar North
PRESS KIT/AUGUST 2007 Phoenix Launch Mission to the Martian Polar North Media Contacts Dwayne Brown NASA’s Mars Program 202-358-1726 Tabatha Thompson 202-358-3895 Headquarters [email protected] Washington, D.C. [email protected] Guy Webster Phoenix Mars Lander Mission 818-354-5011 Jet Propulsion Laboratory [email protected] Pasadena, Calif. George Diller Launch 321-867-2468 Kennedy Space Center, Fla. [email protected] Sara Hammond Science Investigation 520-626-1974 Lori Stiles 520-626-4402 University of Arizona [email protected] Tucson, Ariz. [email protected] Gary Napier Spacecraft 303-971-4012 Lockheed Martin Space Systems [email protected] Denver, Colo. Michael Rein Launch Vehicle and Operations 321-730-5646 Jessica Rye 321-730-5622 United Launch Alliance [email protected] Cape Canaveral, Fla. [email protected] Contents Media Services Information ...................................................................................................... 5 Quick Facts ............................................................................................................................... 6 Mars at a Glance ....................................................................................................................... 7 Science Investigations .............................................................................................................. 8 Mission Overview ................................................................................................................... -
Schools to Reopen in 3 Stages in September
INDEX QATAR 2,3, 16 COMMENT 14, 15 BUSINESS | Page 1 SPORT | Page 1 ARAB WORLD 3 BUSINESS 1-8 INTERNATIONAL 4-12 SPORTS 1-8 Commercial ISLAM 13 Duhail and Rayyan in title Bank half-yearly DOW JONES QE NYMEX net profi t tops race as QNB QR901mn 26,652.33 9,368.29 41.18 Stars League -353.51 -17.87 +0.11 -1.31% -0.19% +0.27% resumes Latest Figures published in QATAR since 1978 FRIDAY Vol. XXXXI No. 11619 July 24, 2020 Dhul-Hijjah 3, 1441 AH GULF TIMES www. gulf-times.com 2 Riyals Qatar 2 TV channel launched In brief Amir sends written All schools message to president of South Sudan His Highness the Amir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani yesterday sent a written message to President of the to reopen in Republic of South Sudan Lt General Salva Kiir Mayardit, pertaining to bilateral relations and ways to support and develop them. The message was handed over to the South Sudan president by HE the 3 stages in Minister of Foreign Aff airs’ Special Envoy for Counterterrorism and Mediation in Conflict Resolution, Dr Mutlaq bin Majed al-Qahtani, in Juba. The Special Envoy conveyed Amir’s greetings to the the president and September Qatar Media Corporation (QMC) launched Qatar 2 TV channel yesterday. The new channel will broadcast the most important His Highness’ wishes to the people of programmes presented by Qatar TV throughout its history. HE Sheikh Abdulrahman bin Hamad al-Thani, CEO of Qatar Media South Sudan of further development QNA Corporation, had earlier this week reviewed the preparations for the opening of the channel. -
International Cooperation in Space (ICIS)
JMW-ICIS International Cooperation in Space An Interactive Qualifying Project Submitted to the Faculty of the Worcester Polytechnic Institute in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Baccalaureate of Science Submitted June 6, 2006 By Francis Carino Alec Cunningham Michael Leferman James Yasuhara Advisors: John Wilkes, Roberto Pietroforte ______________________________ Table of Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 3 Organization Profiles .......................................................................................................... 5 National Aeronautics and Space Administration ............................................................ 5 European Space Agency ............................................................................................... 11 Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency ..................................................................... 18 Chinese National Space Administration ....................................................................... 21 Roskosmos – Russian Federal Space Agency .............................................................. 25 Virgin Galactic .............................................................................................................. 28 Motivations to go to the Moon......................................................................................... -
A Discovery Sourcebook for Astrobiology
A Discovery Sourcebook for Astrobiology ISU Design Team, SSP 2002 Pomona, CA, July/August 2002 Acknowledgments The authors express their sincere gratitude and appreciation to the individuals and organizations that con- tributed their time, expertise, and facilities to assist in making this project possible. Design Project Co-Chairs Faculty & Guest Lecturers 1st half co-chair Sheryl Bishop David Miller Jim Dator 2nd half co-chair Ben Finney Lloyd French Jim Funaro John Logsdon Teaching Assistant Ray Williamson Weng Ang Penny Boston David Bushman Project Advisor Pam Conrad James Burke George Dyson Ken Edgett Arthur Lonne Lane And ISU Staff & TA’s Chris McKay Mark Helmlinger Cover Design Jeffrey Morris Walter Meissl Dave Morrison Gérardine Goh Ken Nealson Photo Courtesy of European Southern François Raulin Observatory David Southwood Douglas Vakoch Kasthuri Venkateswaran Michel Viso i SPONSORS Sponsors The International Space University Summer Session Programme 2002 in Pomona, California was made possible through the support of the following organizations. ii Authors Name Affiliation Country Master of Arts in Science, Technology and Public Policy Nadia AFRIN George Washington University BANGLADESH USA Student Isaiah ALVARADO Cal Poly Pomona USA USA Master Student Tonje Nanette ARNESEN MSS 02/03, International Space University NORWAY Strasbourg, France PhD Student Tobias BÖHNKE The Ångström Space Technology Centre (ÅSTC) DENMARK Uppsala Universitet, Sweden Science and Technology Teacher Philomena BONIS Waterloo Region District, School Board CANADA Canada Spacecraft Radiation Threats & Effects Specialist Simon CLUCAS Space Department, QinetiQ, UNITED KINGDOM United Kingdom B.Eng. - Electro-Computer Engineering Gary DAVIS Jet Propulsion Laboratory USA USA L&B Samantha DUCKETT Freelance Lawyer UNITED KINGDOM UK George DYKE MD Robotics, MSS Operations Analyst CANADA Canada Jennie ECKARDT Stanford University USA San Francisco, USA Control System Developer Steven ERICKSEN Interstates Control Systems, Inc. -
Nature Detectives: Be Seeing You, Mars!
Fall 2020 Be Seeing You, Mars! Mars doesn’t shine very bright in our night sky usually, but this fall the planet will rival glowing Jupiter for brilliance. Mars gets a chance to shine big every couple years, and this year is one of those times. The reason Mars is growing brighter now is because Earth is about to race past it. As the distance between the two planets shortens, Mars will gradually appear brighter. Earth will draw next to Mars in October 2020, then Mars will start to fade again as Earth moves ahead. Earth and Mars race around the sun in their separate orbits, and Earth always wins the race. Mars’ path is longer because Mars is farther from the sun than Earth. And, because Mars is farther from the sun, Mars travels slower too. Earth circles around the sun almost two times for every single Mars orbit. Mars and Colorado Colorado and Mars have a lot in common. Mars is often called the Red Planet because it glows slightly red in the night sky. The name Colorado is a Spanish word meaning colored red. The names came from the color of the rusty iron found in reddish rocks on Mars and in Colorado. Colorado and Mars both have mountains, ancient volcanos, some dry riverbeds, and canyons. One canyon on Mars is as long as the whole width of the United States. Mars has the tallest mountain in our solar system. It’s much taller than Mount Everest, but because it has a huge base and slopes uphill gradually, you probably could walk up it like any hiking trail. -
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Arrival Press
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Arrival Press Kit March 2006 www.nasa.gov Media Contacts Dwayne Brown NASA’s Mars Program (0) 58-176 Headquarters [email protected] Washington, D.C. Guy Webster Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission (818) 54-5011 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, [email protected] Pasadena, Calif. Gary Napier Spacecraft & Launch Vehicle (0) 971-401 Lockheed Martin Space Systems [email protected] Denver, Colo. Contents General Release .................................………………………..........................................…........ 5 Media Services Information ………………………………………..........................................…...... 7 Quick Facts ………………………………………………………................................….…….......… 8 Mars at a Glance ………………………………………………………..................................……..... 9 Where We’ve Been and Where We’re Going ……………………................…………................. 10 Science Investigations ............................................................................................................... 14 Technology Objectives ............................................................................................................... Mission Overview ……………...………………………………………...............................…….…. 4 Spacecraft .................................................................................................................................. 6 Mars: The Water Trail …………………………………………………………………...................… 41 Historical Mars Missions …………………………………………………....................................… -
Phoenix Landing Mission to the Martian Polar North
PRESS KIT/MAY 2008 Phoenix Landing Mission to the Martian Polar North Media Contacts Dwayne Brown NASA’s Mars Program 202-358-1726 Headquarters [email protected] Washington, D.C. Guy Webster Phoenix Mars Lander Mission 818-354-5011 Jet Propulsion Laboratory [email protected] Pasadena, Calif. Sara Hammond Science Investigation 520-626-1974 Lori Stiles 520-626-4402 University of Arizona [email protected] Tucson, Ariz. [email protected] Gary Napier Spacecraft 303-971-4012 Lockheed Martin Space Systems [email protected] Denver, Colo. Isabelle Laplante Meteorological Station 450-926-4370 Canadian Space Agency [email protected] Saint-Hubert, Quebec Contents Media Services Information ...................................................................................................... 5 Quick Facts ............................................................................................................................... 6 Mars at a Glance ....................................................................................................................... 7 Science Investigations .............................................................................................................. 8 Mission Overview .................................................................................................................... 18 Spacecraft ............................................................................................................................... 27 Landing Site ...........................................................................................................................