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Spatial Distribution of Galactic Globular Clusters: Distance Uncertainties and Dynamical Effects
Juliana Crestani Ribeiro de Souza Spatial Distribution of Galactic Globular Clusters: Distance Uncertainties and Dynamical Effects Porto Alegre 2017 Juliana Crestani Ribeiro de Souza Spatial Distribution of Galactic Globular Clusters: Distance Uncertainties and Dynamical Effects Dissertação elaborada sob orientação do Prof. Dr. Eduardo Luis Damiani Bica, co- orientação do Prof. Dr. Charles José Bon- ato e apresentada ao Instituto de Física da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul em preenchimento do requisito par- cial para obtenção do título de Mestre em Física. Porto Alegre 2017 Acknowledgements To my parents, who supported me and made this possible, in a time and place where being in a university was just a distant dream. To my dearest friends Elisabeth, Robert, Augusto, and Natália - who so many times helped me go from "I give up" to "I’ll try once more". To my cats Kira, Fen, and Demi - who lazily join me in bed at the end of the day, and make everything worthwhile. "But, first of all, it will be necessary to explain what is our idea of a cluster of stars, and by what means we have obtained it. For an instance, I shall take the phenomenon which presents itself in many clusters: It is that of a number of lucid spots, of equal lustre, scattered over a circular space, in such a manner as to appear gradually more compressed towards the middle; and which compression, in the clusters to which I allude, is generally carried so far, as, by imperceptible degrees, to end in a luminous center, of a resolvable blaze of light." William Herschel, 1789 Abstract We provide a sample of 170 Galactic Globular Clusters (GCs) and analyse its spatial distribution properties. -
Globular Clusters in the Inner Galaxy Classified from Dynamical Orbital
MNRAS 000,1{17 (2019) Preprint 14 November 2019 Compiled using MNRAS LATEX style file v3.0 Globular clusters in the inner Galaxy classified from dynamical orbital criteria Angeles P´erez-Villegas,1? Beatriz Barbuy,1 Leandro Kerber,2 Sergio Ortolani3 Stefano O. Souza 1 and Eduardo Bica,4 1Universidade de S~aoPaulo, IAG, Rua do Mat~ao 1226, Cidade Universit´aria, S~ao Paulo 05508-900, Brazil 2Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado km 16, Ilh´eus 45662-000, Brazil 3Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia `Galileo Galilei', Universit`adi Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 3, Padova, I-35122, Italy 4Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Astronomia, CP 15051, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil Accepted XXX. Received YYY; in original form ZZZ ABSTRACT Globular clusters (GCs) are the most ancient stellar systems in the Milky Way. There- fore, they play a key role in the understanding of the early chemical and dynamical evolution of our Galaxy. Around 40% of them are placed within ∼ 4 kpc from the Galactic center. In that region, all Galactic components overlap, making their disen- tanglement a challenging task. With Gaia DR2, we have accurate absolute proper mo- tions for the entire sample of known GCs that have been associated with the bulge/bar region. Combining them with distances, from RR Lyrae when available, as well as ra- dial velocities from spectroscopy, we can perform an orbital analysis of the sample, employing a steady Galactic potential with a bar. We applied a clustering algorithm to the orbital parameters apogalactic distance and the maximum vertical excursion from the plane, in order to identify the clusters that have high probability to belong to the bulge/bar, thick disk, inner halo, or outer halo component. -
10. Scientific Programme 10.1
10. SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME 10.1. OVERVIEW (a) Invited Discourses Plenary Hall B 18:00-19:30 ID1 “The Zoo of Galaxies” Karen Masters, University of Portsmouth, UK Monday, 20 August ID2 “Supernovae, the Accelerating Cosmos, and Dark Energy” Brian Schmidt, ANU, Australia Wednesday, 22 August ID3 “The Herschel View of Star Formation” Philippe André, CEA Saclay, France Wednesday, 29 August ID4 “Past, Present and Future of Chinese Astronomy” Cheng Fang, Nanjing University, China Nanjing Thursday, 30 August (b) Plenary Symposium Review Talks Plenary Hall B (B) 8:30-10:00 Or Rooms 309A+B (3) IAUS 288 Astrophysics from Antarctica John Storey (3) Mon. 20 IAUS 289 The Cosmic Distance Scale: Past, Present and Future Wendy Freedman (3) Mon. 27 IAUS 290 Probing General Relativity using Accreting Black Holes Andy Fabian (B) Wed. 22 IAUS 291 Pulsars are Cool – seriously Scott Ransom (3) Thu. 23 Magnetars: neutron stars with magnetic storms Nanda Rea (3) Thu. 23 Probing Gravitation with Pulsars Michael Kremer (3) Thu. 23 IAUS 292 From Gas to Stars over Cosmic Time Mordacai-Mark Mac Low (B) Tue. 21 IAUS 293 The Kepler Mission: NASA’s ExoEarth Census Natalie Batalha (3) Tue. 28 IAUS 294 The Origin and Evolution of Cosmic Magnetism Bryan Gaensler (B) Wed. 29 IAUS 295 Black Holes in Galaxies John Kormendy (B) Thu. 30 (c) Symposia - Week 1 IAUS 288 Astrophysics from Antartica IAUS 290 Accretion on all scales IAUS 291 Neutron Stars and Pulsars IAUS 292 Molecular gas, Dust, and Star Formation in Galaxies (d) Symposia –Week 2 IAUS 289 Advancing the Physics of Cosmic -
September Tonight's
September Tonight’s Sky September Tonight’s Sky Constellations As September brings transition from summer to fall, the sky transitions to the stars of autumn. Increasingly prominent in the southeastern sky is Pegasus, the winged horse. The Great Square of stars that outlines the body is a useful guide to the fall patterns around it. Near the Great Square lies the sprawling pattern of Aquarius, the water-bearer. Located within the western part of the constellation is M2, one of the oldest and largest globular star clusters associated with the Milky Way galaxy. It appears as a circular, grainy glow in backyard telescopes. NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope has imaged the cluster, a compact globe of some 150,000 stars that are more than 37,000 light-years away. At approximately 13 billion years old, this cluster formed early in the history of the universe, and offers scientists an opportunity to see how stars of different masses live and die. Results from ESA’s Gaia satellite suggest that this cluster, along with several others, may have once belonged to a dwarf galaxy that merged with the Milky Way. West of Aquarius is the constellation of Capricornus, the sea goat, a figure dating back to the Sumerians and Babylonians. The star at the western end of Capricornus is Alpha Capricorni. Alpha Capricorni is an optical double but not a binary pair. The brighter star, Algedi, is about 100 light- years away. The fainter lies along the same line of sight but is roughly eight times farther away. The pattern hosts another globular star cluster: M30. -
108 Afocal Procedure, 105 Age of Globular Clusters, 25, 28–29 O
Index Index Achromats, 70, 73, 79 Apochromats (APO), 70, Averted vision Adhafera, 44 73, 79 technique, 96, 98, Adobe Photoshop Aquarius, 43, 99 112 (software), 108 Aquila, 10, 36, 45, 65 Afocal procedure, 105 Arches cluster, 23 B1620-26, 37 Age Archinal, Brent, 63, 64, Barkhatova (Bar) of globular clusters, 89, 195 catalogue, 196 25, 28–29 Arcturus, 43 Barlow lens, 78–79, 110 of open clusters, Aricebo radio telescope, Barnard’s Galaxy, 49 15–16 33 Basel (Bas) catalogue, 196 of star complexes, 41 Aries, 45 Bayer classification of stellar associations, Arp 2, 51 system, 93 39, 41–42 Arp catalogue, 197 Be16, 63 of the universe, 28 Arp-Madore (AM)-1, 33 Beehive Cluster, 13, 60, Aldebaran, 43 Arp-Madore (AM)-2, 148 Alessi, 22, 61 48, 65 Bergeron 1, 22 Alessi catalogue, 196 Arp-Madore (AM) Bergeron, J., 22 Algenubi, 44 catalogue, 197 Berkeley 11, 124f, 125 Algieba, 44 Asterisms, 43–45, Berkeley 17, 15 Algol (Demon Star), 65, 94 Berkeley 19, 130 21 Astronomy (magazine), Berkeley 29, 18 Alnilam, 5–6 89 Berkeley 42, 171–173 Alnitak, 5–6 Astronomy Now Berkeley (Be) catalogue, Alpha Centauri, 25 (magazine), 89 196 Alpha Orionis, 93 Astrophotography, 94, Beta Pictoris, 42 Alpha Persei, 40 101, 102–103 Beta Piscium, 44 Altair, 44 Astroplanner (software), Betelgeuse, 93 Alterf, 44 90 Big Bang, 5, 29 Altitude-Azimuth Astro-Snap (software), Big Dipper, 19, 43 (Alt-Az) mount, 107 Binary millisecond 75–76 AstroStack (software), pulsars, 30 Andromeda Galaxy, 36, 108 Binary stars, 8, 52 39, 41, 48, 52, 61 AstroVideo (software), in globular clusters, ANR 1947 -
Revisiting the Un-Named Fleming Variables
Revisiting the Un-named Fleming Variables Krisne Larsen, Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Central Conneccut State University In a presentation at the 1997 AAVSO Annual Meeting, Dorrit Hoffleit brought attention to fourteen of the nearly 300 variables directly discovered by Williamina Fleming or discovered under her direction at the HCO. These fourteen stars had not been given permanent designations in the General Catalog of Variable Stars (GCVS) at the time of her talk (and its subsequent article in JAAVSO Volume 26). In the intervening thirteen years since her original presentation, a number of these stars have been further observed, both by AAVSO members and automated optical and infrared telescopes (such as IRAS, 2MASS and Hipparcos) and their variability confirmed at visible and/or infrared wavelengths. This poster revisits these fourteen stars and summarizes our current knowledge about them and their status as observed variable stars. As of September 29, 2010, there were only 38 reads of Hoffleit’s JAAVSO article through the ADS database. Several of these hits (in various years) belong to this poster’s author. Note that there was initially very little interest in this paper (and by extension, in these stars) by those who do not directly subscribe to JAAVSO. [Graph taken directly from ADS website http://adsabs.harvard.edu/] AAVSO member Raymond Berg presented a paper at the 1999 AAVSO Annual Meeting in which he detailed his “limited study” of three of these stars. He found no variability in NSV 840, NSV 1214, or NSV 3379 in 21 observations over the course of a month (Berg 2000). -
The Cluster Terzan 5 As a Remnant of a Primordial Building Block of the Galactic Bulge
1 The cluster Terzan 5 as a remnant of a primordial building block of the Galactic bulge F.R. Ferraro1, E. Dalessandro1, A. Mucciarelli1, G.Beccari2, M. R. Rich3, L. Origlia4, B. Lanzoni1, R. T. Rood5, E. Valenti6,7, M. Bellazzini4, S. M. Ransom8, G. Cocozza4 1Department of Astronomy, University of Bologna, Via Ranzani, 1, 40127 Bologna, Italy 2ESA, Space Science Department, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, Math-Sciences 8979, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1562,USA 4INAF- Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna, Via Ranzani, 1, 40127 Bologna, Italy 5Astronomy Department, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400325, Charlottesville, VA, 22904,USA 6European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile 7Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Departamento de Astronomia, Avda Vicuña Mackenna 4860, 782-0436 Macul, Santiago, Chile 8National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA Globular star clusters are compact and massive stellar systems old enough to have witnessed the entire history of our Galaxy, the Milky Way. Although recent results1,2,3 suggest that their formation may have been more complex than previously thought, they still are the best approximation to a stellar population formed over a relatively short time scale (less than 1 Gyr) and with virtually no dispersion in the iron content. Indeed, only one cluster-like system (ω Centauri) in 2 the Galactic halo is known to have multiple stellar populations with a significant spread in iron abundance and age4,5. Similar findings in the Galactic bulge have been hampered by the obscuration arising from thick and varying layers of interstellar dust. -
Globular Clusters 1
Globular Clusters 1 www.FaintFuzzies.com Globular Clusters 2 www.FaintFuzzies.com Globular Clusters (Includes all known globulars in the Milky Way above declination of -50º plus some extras) by Alvin Huey www.faintfuzzies.com Last updated: March 27, 2014 Globular Clusters 3 www.FaintFuzzies.com Other books by Alvin H. Huey Hickson Group Observer’s Guide The Abell Planetary Observer’s Guide Observing the Arp Peculiar Galaxies Downloadable Guides by FaintFuzzies.com The Local Group Selected Small Galaxy Groups Galaxy Trios and Triple Systems Selected Shakhbazian Groups Globular Clusters Observing Planetary Nebulae and Supernovae Remnants Observing the Abell Galaxy Clusters The Rose Catalogue of Compact Galaxies Flat Galaxies Ring Galaxies Variable Galaxies The Voronstov-Velyaminov Catalogue – Part I and II Object of the Week 2012 and 2013 – Deep Sky Forum Copyright © 2008 – 2014 by Alvin Huey www.faintfuzzies.com All rights reserved Copyright granted to individuals to make single copies of works for private, personal and non-commercial purposes All Maps by MegaStarTM v5 All DSS images (Digital Sky Survey) http://archive.stsci.edu/dss/acknowledging.html This and other publications by the author are available through www.faintfuzzies.com Globular Clusters 4 www.FaintFuzzies.com Table of Contents Globular Cluster Index ........................................................................ 6 How to Use the Atlas ........................................................................ 10 The Milky Way Globular Clusters .................................................... -
Magisterarbeit
MAGISTERARBEIT Titel der Magisterarbeit “Imaging and photometry of U Antliae and AQ Andromedae using the Herschel space telescope” Verfasser Bernhard Baumann, Bakk.rer.nat. angestrebter akademischer Grad Magister der Naturwissenschaften (Mag.rer.nat.) Wien, 2012 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 066 861 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Magisterstudium Astronomie Betreuer: A. Univ. Prof. Dr. Franz Kerschbaum Danksagung Die hier vorgestellte Magisterarbeit wurde in Zusammenarbeit mit dem MESS Konsor- tium (http://www.univie.ac.at/space/MESS/) und dem Institut f¨ur Astronomie in Wien (http://astro.univie.ac.at/) erstellt. Ich bedanke mich bei Franz Kerschbaum, dass ich bei diesen internationalen Projekten, Herschel Space Telescope und MESS, mitarbeiten durfte und f¨ur die Betreuung der Ar- beit. Mein herzlicher Dank gilt der AGB-Arbeitsgruppe (http://www.univie.ac.at/agb/), besonders Roland Ottensamer f¨ur die vielen wertvollen Diskussionen, Anregungen und Korrekturen sowie Marko Mecina f¨ur die gute Zusammenarbeit als Studienkollege. Weiteren Korrekturlesern wie Verena Baumgartner und meinem Bruder Michael gilt mein Dank. Zu guter Letzt m¨ochte ich mich bei meinen Eltern sowie meinem Bruder Michael f¨ur die Unterst¨utzung und Motivation w¨ahrend meines Studiums bedanken. Wien, im M¨arz 2012. Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Magisterarbeit beinhaltet die Beobachtungsauswertung und die Datenre- duktion zweier Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) Sterne, U Ant und AQ And, welche mithilfe des Herschel Weltraumteleskops aufgezeichnet wurden. Die Ergebnisse dieser Datenreduktion werden mit der Modellierung in DUSTY verglichen, welche den Strah- lungstransport in staubigen Umgebungen rund um Sterne simuliert. Mit den Ergebnis- sen ist es m¨oglich, R¨uckschl¨usse ¨uber die aktuelle und anschließende Entwicklung der Sterne zu ziehen. -
Time-Series Ensemble Photometry and the Search for Variable Stars in the Open Cluster M11
Haverford College Haverford Scholarship Faculty Publications Astronomy 2005 Time-Series Ensemble Photometry and the Search for Variable Stars in the Open Cluster M11 Jonathan Hargis Haverford College, [email protected] E. L. Sandquist D. H. Bradstreet Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.haverford.edu/astronomy_facpubs Repository Citation J. R. Hargis, E. L. Sandquist, D. H. Bradstreet, Time-Series Ensemble Photometry and the Search for Variable Stars in the Open Cluster M11, 2005, The Astronomical Journal, 130, 2824. This Journal Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Astronomy at Haverford Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Haverford Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Astronomical Journal, 130:2824–2837, 2005 December # 2005. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. TIME-SERIES ENSEMBLE PHOTOMETRY AND THE SEARCH FOR VARIABLE STARS IN THE OPEN CLUSTER M11 Jonathan R. Hargis1 and Eric L. Sandquist Department of Astronomy, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182; [email protected], [email protected] and David H. Bradstreet Department of Physical Sciences, Eastern University, 1300 Eagle Road, St. Davids, PA 19087-3696; [email protected] Received 2005 May 23; accepted 2005 August 9 ABSTRACT This work presents the first large-scale photometric variability survey of the intermediate-age (200 Myr) open cluster M11. Thirteen nights of data over two observing seasons were analyzed (using crowded field and ensemble photometry techniques) to obtain high relative precision photometry. In this study we focus on the detection of can- didate member variable stars for follow-up studies. -
GBX2018-Abstract-V2.Pdf
Scientific Rationale The bulge is a primary component of the Milky Way, comprising ∼25% of its mass. All major Galactic stellar populations intersect there, reaching their highest densities. Thus it is truly a crossroads. Current theory suggests that the bulge is the most ancient component of the Galaxy. Therefore, exploring the bulge is fundamental to understanding Galactic formation, structure and evolution. Indeed, thanks to the advent of multiplexed spectrographs on 8m-class telescopes, and to the availability of resolved, wide-field NIR photometry, our knowledge of the structural, chemical and kinematical properties of the Galactic bulge has improved dramatically in the last few years. At the same time, the interpretation of the accumulated data from this complex region is not straightforward, and many fundamental questions still remain to be answered. E.g. What is the age of the oldest stars? How was the metal-poor spheroid formed? What is the 3D shape of the bulge? What is the connection and interplay between the bulge and bar? Is there a separate bulge globular cluster population? What is the relationship of the central supermassive black hole with the bulge? Fortunately, this area of investigation is moving forward at a fast pace: since 2013, when the last large international conference on the bulge was organized, progress has been truly impressive. New massively multiplexed spectroscopic surveys (Gaia-ESO Survey, APOGEE South, MOONS., new deeper NIR photometric surveys (e.g., VVVX, the extension of the VVV Survey. as well as Gaia have recently begun or will begin imminently. Concomitantly, ever more detailed studies of galaxies at high-redshift promise to catch bulges at the time of their formation. -
Study of Globular Cluster Sources Using Erass1 Data
Study of Globular Cluster Sources using eRASS1 data Bachelorarbeit aus der Physik Vorgelegt von Roman Laktionov 27. April 2021 Dr. Karl Remeis-Sternwarte Friedrich-Alexander-Universit¨at Erlangen-Nu¨rnberg Betreuerin: Prof. Dr. Manami Sasaki Abstract Due to the high stellar density in globular clusters (GCs), they provide an ideal envi- ronment for the formation of X-ray luminous objects, e.g. cataclysmic variables and low-mass X-ray binaries. Those X-ray sources have, in the advent of ambitious observa- tion campaigns like the eROSITA mission, become accessible for extensive population studies. During the course of this thesis, X-ray data in the direction of the Milky Way's GCs was extracted from the eRASS1 All-Sky Survey and then analyzed. The first few chap- ters serve to provide an overview on the physical properties of GCs, the goals of the eROSITA mission and the different types of X-ray sources. Afterwards, the methods and results of the analysis will be presented. Using data of the eRASS1 survey taken between December 13th, 2019 and June 11th, 2020, 113 X-ray sources were found in the field of view of 39 GCs, including Omega Cen- tauri, 47 Tucanae and Liller 1. A Cross-correlation with optical/infrared catalogs and the subsequent analysis of various diagrams enabled the identification of 6 foreground stars, as well as numerous background candidates and stellar sources. Furthermore, hardness ratio diagrams were used to select 16 bright sources, possibly of GC origin, for a spectral analysis. By marking them in X-ray and optical images, it was concluded that 6 of these sources represent the bright central emission of their host GC, while 10 are located outside of the GC center.