DOCSLIB.ORG

Research Amomum Hainanense (Zingiberaceae), a New Species from Hainan, China

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Research Amomum Hainanense (Zingiberaceae), a New Species from Hainan, China doi: 10.1111/njb.01735 00 1–4 NORDIC JOURNAL OF BOTANY Research Amomum hainanense (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Hainan, China Pu Zou, Rong-Tao Li, Yu-Shi Ye, Jian-Ping Huang and Jing-Ping Liao P. Zou (http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9060-0891) and J.-P. Liao, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China. JPL also at: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Guangzhou, P. R. China. – R.-T. Li, Hainan Branch of Inst. of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Haikou, P. R. China. – Y.-S. Ye ([email protected]), Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China. – J.-P. Huang, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun Town, Mengla County, Yunnan, P. R. China. Nordic Journal of Botany Amomum hainanense sp. nov., a new species of the genus Amomum (Zingiberaceae), 2018: e01735 is described and illustrated from the Hainan Province, China. The species is closely doi: 10.1111/njb.01735 related to A. repoeense and A. plicatum, but can be distinguished from the latter by being less tall and having few flowers that are open simultaneously (only two), a Subject Editor: Xiang-Yun Zhu membranous ligule and 6–8-winged fruit ridges (not 9-winged). The species is known Editor-in-Chief: Torbjörn Tyler only from Hainan Island. Accepted 27 September 2018 Introduction Amomum Roxb. (Roxburgh 1820) is currently recognized as the second largest genus of Zingiberaceae after Alpinia Roxb. (Roxburgh 1810). It has 150–180 species and is widely distributed from Sri Lanka to the Himalayas, China, southeast Asia, Malesia and northern Australia, with the distribution center in the Malesian region (Larsen et al. 1998, Droop and Newman 2014). In China, there are 38 (28 endemic, one introduced) species of Amomum (Wu and Larsen 2000, Zou et al. 2016). Many of them are used in traditional Chinese medicine and Amomum tsao-ko Crevost & Lemarié is a famous food condiment (Xia et al. 2004). During fieldwork on Hainan in 2010, we found an interesting species in the wild which the local people thought was Amomum repoeense Pierre ex Gagnep. or A. maximum Roxb. (Wu and Larsen pers. comm.). But after growing and studying it in the South China Botanical Garden, Academy of Sciences, for three years we believe it to be a new species as described and illustrated below. Amomum hainanense Y. S. Ye, J. P. Liao & P. Zou sp. nov. (Fig. 1–2) Similar to Amomum repoeense Pierre ex Gagnep. and A. plicatum Lamxay & M.F.Newman (Lamxay and Newman 2012) in blade and flower type and fruit shape, but differing by having low plant height and only 2 simultaneously open flowers (vs 4 or 6), a membranous ligule (vs papery or coriaceous) and 6–8-winged fruit ridges (vs 9-winged) (Table 1). –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– © 2018 The Authors. Nordic Journal of Botany © 2018 Nordic Society Oikos www.nordicjbotany.org 1 Figure 1. Images of Amomum hainanense sp. nov. (A) habitat, (B) habit (scale bar = 10 cm), (C) rhizome, (D) fruits, (E) detail of ovary with epigynous glands, (F) stamens in side view and the style, (scale bar in cm), (G) dissection of flowers (from left): calyx, corolla lobes, labellum, floral tube with anther and ovary, (H) detail of leaf ligule, (I) inflorescence (the two flowers open at the same time). Photos (A), (B) and (G) by Zou Pu and the others by Ye Yu-Shi. Type: China, Hainan, Qiongzhong, Limushan, 19°10′24″N, with secondary veins prominent, uneven. Inflorescences 109°43′56″E, 680 m a.s.l., 26 May 2016, ZP 52 (holotype: arising near the base of the plant, with one to four flow- IBSC (796523), isotypes: IBSC). ers, usually three per pseudostem, with two flowers simul- taneously open; peduncle 3–5 cm, reddish–brown, striate, Etymology pubescent; scale like sheaths 0.6–2.0 × 0.4–0.7 cm, initally The name refers to the fact that the species is so far only reddish, turning dark brown with age, papery when dried, found on Hainan Island. with outer surface pubescent, emarginate at apex, ciliate along margin; bracts ovate, 1.8–2.0 × 1.2–1.5 cm, initally Description reddish, turning dark brown with age, usually early rotten, Perennial herb, 30–60 cm tall, with 3–4 pseudostems per fleshy, subtending a single flower, pubescent, acuminate at clump; rhizome ca 0.5 cm in diameter, red; stilt roots absent; apex; bracteole lanceolate, 0.8–1.3 × 0.3–0.5 cm, reddish– interval between pseudostems 3–6 cm. Pseudostem with brown, fleshy (membranaceous when dried), with outer sur- 2–7 leaves per pseudostem, 1.5–2.5 cm in diameter, green, face pubescent, acuminate at apex; pedicel 0.6–0.9 cm long, striate, puberulent. Ligule lanceolate, bi-lobed, 0.8–1.5 cm reddish–brown. Calyx tubular, 3-toothed, 1.8–2.2 cm long, long, turning brown, membranous, sometimes deflexed, red, membranaceous, with outer surface pubescent, acute its outer surface villose, acute at apex. Petiole canaliculate, at apex. Corolla ca 1.8 cm, 0.5–0.6 cm wide, white, with 6–10 cm long, striate, green, villose; lamina oblong to ellip- red dots at the base and apex; corolla tube 1.8–2.2 cm long, tic, 20–35 × 8–13 cm, green, adaxially glabrous, abaxially membranaceous, with outer surface pubescent; lateral corolla densely pubescent, attenuate at base and apex, inequilateral lobes ca 1.6 × 0.5 cm, membranaceous, glabrous, cucullate at 2 Figure 2. Amomum hainanense sp. nov. (A) flower, (B) close-up of adaxial surface of labellum, showing the stripe and lines, (C) detail of style with epigynous glands, (D) adaxial view of the bract, (E) calyx, (F) close-up of the central corolla lobe, (G) adaxial view of the stamen, (H) close-up of the whole plant. Illustration by Yun-Xiao Liu based on the holotype ZP 52 (796523) (IBSC). apex; central corolla lobe 1.7–1.8 × 0.6–0.7 cm, membrana- long, white, with glandular trichomes. Filament flattened, ceous, glabrous, cucullate at apex; labellum clawed, 2.8–3.1 0.3–0.4 cm long, white, with glandular trichomes; anther × 2.5–2.7 cm, connate with filaments into a tube 0.1–0.2 cm oblong, 0.6–0.7 cm, white, with glandular trichomes; anther above the insertion of the corolla lobes, tri-lobed, white with crest truncate, entire, very short, ca 0.1 cm, white, membra- a yellow central stripe edged with lines of red dots which naceous, glabrous. Stigma funnel-shaped, with glandular tri- radiate to margin, membranaceous, pubescent at base and chomes; style linear, glabrous; epigynous glands two, oblong, along the central part, rounded and shallowly lobed at apex; 0.3 cm long, fawn, glabrous; ovary 0.3–0.4 × 0.5–0.6 cm, lateral staminodes rather narrowly triangular, 0.1–0.2 cm its pedicel ca 0.6 cm long, with 6–8 longitudinal ridges at Table 1. Comparison of morphological characters of Amomum hainanense sp. nov., A. repoeense Pierre ex Gagnep. and A. plicatum Lamxay & M.F.Newman. Characteristics A. hainanense A. repoeense A. plicatum Habit (cm) 30–60 50–100 100–120 Leaves per pseudostem ca 2–7 ca 3–4 ca 6–7 Blade (cm) 20–35 × 8–13 32–45 ×7–12 12–35(–50) × 5–10(–20) Ligule 0.8–1.5 cm long, membranous 2–4 cm long, papery 0.3–1.0 cm long, coriaceous Inflorescences per pseudostem 1–2 2–3 1–3 Flowers simultaneously open ca 2 ca 6 ca 4 Anther crest truncate, entire tri-lobed tri-lobed Ovule number ca 10 per locule ca 15 per locule ca 25 per locule Fruit ridges 6–8-winged; margin straight 9-winged; margin straight 9-winged; margin undulate 3 base, hairy; ovules globose, ca 10 per locule. Infructescence Vernacular name peduncle 3–4 × 0.5 cm, initally red, turning brown with 海南豆蔻 (in Chinese). age, glabrous; capsule ovoid, at apex with persistent calyx, ca 2.0–2.8 × 1.0–1.8 cm, with 6–8 longitudinal ridges, initially Additional specimen examined (paratype) reddish-brown, turning black when mature, its wings 0.1– China: Hainan: Sanya, Baishiling Shan, 400 m a.s.l., 15 May 0.2 cm wide with straight margins, pubescent. Seeds ovate, 1988, Z. X. Li and F. W. Xing 4532 (IBSC). 0.3–0.4 × 0.2–0.3 cm, black, with gray–white aril. Phenology Acknowledgments – We thank Mr Xiu-Hai Huang for his help in Amomum hainanense is known to flower in May to June and the fieldwork. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 31470410, 30900089); have young fruit in May in the wild (Z. X. Li and F. W. Xing the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China 4532, IBSC!). However, it has mature fruit in August in the (2015A030313865); and the Compilation of Ex Situ Cultivated cultivation (Fig. 1D). Flora of Botanical Gardens (2015FY210100). Distribution and habitat Only found in Hainan Diaoluo Shan, Limu Shan and Sanya References Baishiling Shan. It grows in tropical rainforest valleys. Droop, A. J. and Newman M. F. 2014. A revision of Amomum Conservation status (Zingiberaceae) in Sumatra. – Edinb. J. Bot. 71: 193–258. During fieldwork in 2010 the corresponding author discov- IUCN 2012. IUCN red list categories and criteria, ver. 3.1, 2nd ered the species in Diaoluo Shan and the other authors found ed.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Amomum Compactum) and True Cardamom (Elettaria Cardamomum
    NUSANTARA BIOSCIENCE ISSN: 2087-3948 Vol. 6, No. 1, pp.94-101 E-ISSN: 2087-3956 May 2014 DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n060115 Short Communication:Comparisons of isozyme diversity in local Java cardamom (Amomum compactum) and true cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN1,♥, WIRYANTO1, SURANTO1, NURLIANI BERMAWIE2, SUDARMONO3 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36a, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Tel./fax.: +62-271-663375,♥email: [email protected] 2Indonesian Medicinal and Aromatic Crops Research Institute, Jl. Tentara Pelajar No.3, Cimanggu, Bogor 16111, West Java, Indonesia. 3Bogor Botanic Garden, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Ir. H. Juanda No.13, Bogor16122, West Java, Indonesia. Manuscript received: 13 February 2014. Revision accepted: 28 April 2014. Abstract. Setyawan AD, Wiryanto, Suranto, Bermawie N, Sudarmono. 2014. Comparisons of isozyme diversity in local Java cardamom (Amomum compactum) and true cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum). Nusantara Bioscience 6: 94-101. Fruits of Java cardamoms (Amomum compactum) and true cardamoms (Elettaria cardamomum) had long been used as spices, flavoring agent, garnishing plants, etc. This research was conducted to find out: (i) variation of isozymic bands in some population of Java cardamoms and true cardamoms; and (ii) phylogenetic relationship of these cardamoms based on variation of isozymic bands. Plant material (i.e., rhizome) of Java cardamoms was collected from Bogor Botanical Garden, and plant material of true cardamoms was gathered from Indonesian Medicinal and Aromatic Crops Research Institute, Bogor, Indonesia. Ten accessions were assayed in every population. The two isozymic systems were assayed, namely esterase (EST) and peroxidase (PER, PRX).
    [Show full text]
  • Well-Known Plants in Each Angiosperm Order
    Well-known plants in each angiosperm order This list is generally from least evolved (most ancient) to most evolved (most modern). (I’m not sure if this applies for Eudicots; I’m listing them in the same order as APG II.) The first few plants are mostly primitive pond and aquarium plants. Next is Illicium (anise tree) from Austrobaileyales, then the magnoliids (Canellales thru Piperales), then monocots (Acorales through Zingiberales), and finally eudicots (Buxales through Dipsacales). The plants before the eudicots in this list are considered basal angiosperms. This list focuses only on angiosperms and does not look at earlier plants such as mosses, ferns, and conifers. Basal angiosperms – mostly aquatic plants Unplaced in order, placed in Amborellaceae family • Amborella trichopoda – one of the most ancient flowering plants Unplaced in order, placed in Nymphaeaceae family • Water lily • Cabomba (fanwort) • Brasenia (watershield) Ceratophyllales • Hornwort Austrobaileyales • Illicium (anise tree, star anise) Basal angiosperms - magnoliids Canellales • Drimys (winter's bark) • Tasmanian pepper Laurales • Bay laurel • Cinnamon • Avocado • Sassafras • Camphor tree • Calycanthus (sweetshrub, spicebush) • Lindera (spicebush, Benjamin bush) Magnoliales • Custard-apple • Pawpaw • guanábana (soursop) • Sugar-apple or sweetsop • Cherimoya • Magnolia • Tuliptree • Michelia • Nutmeg • Clove Piperales • Black pepper • Kava • Lizard’s tail • Aristolochia (birthwort, pipevine, Dutchman's pipe) • Asarum (wild ginger) Basal angiosperms - monocots Acorales
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Taxonomy of the Genus Elettaria Maton
    Cardamoms of South East Asia: phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Elettaria Maton Helena Båserud Mathisen Master of Science Thesis 2014 Department of Biosciences Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Oslo, Norway © Helena Båserud Mathisen 2014 Cardamoms of South East Asia: phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Elettaria Illustration on the front page: From White (1811) https://www.duo.uio.no/ Print: Reprosentralen, University of Oslo Acknowledgements There are plenty of people who deserve a big depth of gratitude when I hand in my master thesis today. First of all, I would like to thank my supervisors Axel Dalberg Poulsen, Charlotte Sletten Bjorå and Mark Newman for all help, patience and valuable input over the last 1.5 years, and especially the last couple of weeks. I could not have done this without you guys! Thanks to the approval of our research permit from the Forest Department in Sarawak, Axel and I were able to travel to Borneo and collect plants for my project. I would like to thank the Botanical Research Centre at Semenggoh Wildlife Centre in Sarawak, for all the help we got, and a special thanks goes to Julia, Ling and Vilma for planning and organizing the field trips for us. I would never have mastered the lab technics at Tøyen without good help and guideance from Audun. Thank you for answering my numerous questions so willingly. I would also like to thank My Hanh, Kjersti, Anette and Kine, for inviting me over for dinner and improving my draft and of course my fellow students at the botanical museum (Anne Marte, Karen and Øystein).
    [Show full text]
  • Amomum Subulatum Roxb.): an Overview
    N. Gautam et al. (2016) Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(2): 139-149 DOI: 10.3126/ijasbt.v4i2.15104 Review Article TECHNOLOGY, CHEMISTRY AND BIOACTIVE PROPERTIES OF LARGE CARDAMOM (AMOMUM SUBULATUM ROXB.): AN OVERVIEW Nawaraj Gautam1,2*, Rewati Raman Bhattarai3, Bal Kumari Sharma Khanal4 and Prakash Oli5 1Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Bergen, NO - 5020 Bergen, Norway. 2National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Nordnes 5817, Bergen, Norway 3Tribhuvan University, Central Campus of Technology, Hattisar, Dharan, Nepal. 4School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, St 6 Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia 5School of Agricultural & Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia. *Corresponding author’s email: [email protected] Abstract Large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) is an aromatic and medicinal spice native to Eastern Himalayas belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. It is used as flavoring and preservative to different types of coffee, liquors, confections, beverages and tobacco. Volatile oil (2-4%) is the principal aroma-giving compound in large cardamom and 1,8- cineole is the major active compound after compound, in an extent 60 to 80% of the total volatile oil. Alcohol and aqueous extract of large cardamom have been reported to contain allopathic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiulcer, cardio-adaptogenic and hypolipidaemic activities. Large cardamom and its powder, oleoresin and essential oils have many culinary and therapeutic uses. Objectives of this review is to give short overview on the processing technology, chemistry, bioactivity and uses of large cardamom and its components. Keywords: Large cardamom; production; capsules; 1,8- cineole; bioactivity; uses Introduction (Gopal et al., 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • A New Species of Aframomum (Zingiberaceae) from Central Africa
    Phytotaxa 28: 31–34 (2011) ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ Article PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2011 Magnolia Press ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) A new species of Aframomum (Zingiberaceae) from Central Africa JEAN-BAPTISTE DHETCHUVI1, ALEXANDRA H. WORTLEY2 & DAVID J. HARRIS2,3 1Institut Supérieur Pédagogique, B.P. 340 Bunia, République Démocratique du Congo 2Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK 3E-mail [email protected] Abstract The new species, Aframomum sericeum, is described and illustrated for the first time. It differs from the similar A. sulcatum by its dense covering of hairs on the abaxial leaf surface. Introduction Aframomum Schumann (1904) comprises an estimated 80 species of giant herbs endemic to Africa, where it is the largest genus of Zingiberaceae and is in many places a key ecological component of the forest understory. The genus was described by K. Schumann (1904) to accommodate the African species of Amomum. It is monophyletic (Harris et al. 2000) and is thought to have diversified during the late Oligocene to the Miocene (Auvray et al. 2010). The taxonomy of Aframomum is notoriously difficult (Lock & Hall 1975) and the genus is currently undergoing revision. The diversity of Aframomum species is centred on Central Africa with several new species described recently (Dhetchuvi 1993, 1995, Dhetchuvi & Fischer 2006). The new species described in this paper was independently discovered and recognised as new by the first author in Gabon and by the corresponding author in the Central African Republic (Harris 2002). Subsequent comparison of specimens showed that the two discoveries were conspecific.
    [Show full text]
  • Costus Speciosus: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Therapeutic Potentials Ali Hafez El‑Far, Hazem M
    Pharmacogn. Rev. PLANT REVIEW A multifaceted peer reviewed journal in the field of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products www.phcogrev.com | www.phcog.net Costus speciosus: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Therapeutic Potentials Ali Hafez El-Far, Hazem M. Shaheen1, Abdel Wahab Alsenosy, Yasser S. El-Sayed2, Soad K. Al Jaouni3,4, Shaker A. Mousa5 Departments of Biochemistry, 1Pharmacology and 2Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt, 3Department of Hematology/ Pediatric Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, 4Yousef Abdulatif Jameel scientific chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 5Department of Drug Discovery and Drug Development, Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, New York, USA ABSTRACT Medicinal plants are sources of novel drug discovery targets. Costus speciosus is an important medicinal plant widely used for the treatment of various ailments. The plant has multiple active ingredients and has been found to possess many pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti‑inflammatory, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, steroidogenic, adaptogenic, and antimicrobial effects. This review gives an account of unique studies on C. speciosus phytochemical, toxicological, and pharmacological studies and traditional uses of C. speciosus based on searching the databases of Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Springer Link. The previous studies stated the pharmacological potentials of C. speciosus, but it is still needed for more research efforts concerning molecular basis of its biological activities, especially in vivo models and safety assessment of its different extracts. Key words: Costus speciosus, Islamic traditional medicine, therapeutic potentials COSTUS SPECIOSUS TRADITIONAL USES AND among them being a treatment for pleurisy.
    [Show full text]
  • Cordyceps Medicinal Fungus: Harvest and Use in Tibet
    HerbalGram 83 • August – October 2009 83 • August HerbalGram Kew’s 250th Anniversary • Reviving Graeco-Arabic Medicine • St. John’s Wort and Birth Control The Journal of the American Botanical Council Number 83 | August – October 2009 Kew’s 250th Anniversary • Reviving Graeco-Arabic Medicine • Lemongrass for Oral Thrush • Hibiscus for Blood Pressure • St. John’s Wort and BirthWort Control • St. John’s Blood Pressure • HibiscusThrush for Oral for 250th Anniversary Medicine • Reviving Graeco-Arabic • Lemongrass Kew’s US/CAN $6.95 Cordyceps Medicinal Fungus: www.herbalgram.org Harvest and Use in Tibet www.herbalgram.org www.herbalgram.org 2009 HerbalGram 83 | 1 STILL HERBAL AFTER ALL THESE YEARS Celebrating 30 Years of Supporting America’s Health The year 2009 marks Herb Pharm’s 30th anniversary as a leading producer and distributor of therapeutic herbal extracts. During this time we have continually emphasized the importance of using the best quality certified organically cultivated and sustainably-wildcrafted herbs to produce our herbal healthcare products. This is why we created the “Pharm Farm” – our certified organic herb farm, and the “Plant Plant” – our modern, FDA-audited production facility. It is here that we integrate the centuries-old, time-proven knowledge and wisdom of traditional herbal medicine with the herbal sciences and technology of the 21st Century. Equally important, Herb Pharm has taken a leadership role in social and environmental responsibility through projects like our use of the Blue Sky renewable energy program, our farm’s streams and Supporting America’s Health creeks conservation program, and the Botanical Sanctuary program Since 1979 whereby we research and develop practical methods for the conser- vation and organic cultivation of endangered wild medicinal herbs.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Literature
    Pharmacogn J. 2019; 11(6)Suppl:1511-1525 A Multifaceted Journal in the field of Natural Products and Pharmacognosy Original Article www.phcogj.com Phytochemical and Pharmacological Support for the Traditional Uses of Zingiberacea Species in Suriname - A Review of the Literature Dennis RA Mans*, Meryll Djotaroeno, Priscilla Friperson, Jennifer Pawirodihardjo ABSTRACT The Zingiberacea or ginger family is a family of flowering plants comprising roughly 1,600 species of aromatic perennial herbs with creeping horizontal or tuberous rhizomes divided into about 50 genera. The Zingiberaceae are distributed throughout tropical Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Many members are economically important as spices, ornamentals, cosmetics, Dennis RA Mans*, Meryll traditional medicines, and/or ingredients of religious rituals. One of the most prominent Djotaroeno, Priscilla Friperson, characteristics of this plant family is the presence of essential oils in particularly the rhizomes Jennifer Pawirodihardjo but in some cases also the leaves and other parts of the plant. The essential oils are in general Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of made up of a variety of, among others, terpenoid and phenolic compounds with important Medical Sciences, Anton de Kom University of biological activities. The Republic of Suriname (South America) is well-known for its ethnic and Suriname, Paramaribo, SURINAME. cultural diversity as well as its extensive ethnopharmacological knowledge and unique plant Correspondence biodiversity. This paper first presents some general information on the Zingiberacea family, subsequently provides some background about Suriname and the Zingiberacea species in the Dennis RA Mans country, then extensively addresses the traditional uses of one representative of the seven Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Anton de Kom genera in the country and provides the phytochemical and pharmacological support for these University of Suriname, Kernkampweg 6, uses, and concludes with a critical appraisal of the medicinal values of these plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Costus Speciosus: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Therapeutic Potentials Ali Hafez El‑Far, Hazem M
    Pharmacogn. Rev. REVIEW ARTICLE A multifaceted peer reviewed journal in the field of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products www.phcogrev.com | www.phcog.net Costus speciosus: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Therapeutic Potentials Ali Hafez El-Far, Hazem M. Shaheen1, Abdel Wahab Alsenosy, Yasser S. El-Sayed2, Soad K. Al Jaouni3,4, Shaker A. Mousa5 Departments of Biochemistry, 1Pharmacology and 2Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt, 3Department of Hematology/ Pediatric Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, 4Yousef Abdulatif Jameel scientific chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 5Department of Drug Discovery and Drug Development, Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, New York, USA ABSTRACT Medicinal plants are sources of novel drug discovery targets. Costus speciosus is an important medicinal plant widely used for the treatment of various ailments. The plant has multiple active ingredients and has been found to possess many pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti‑inflammatory, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, steroidogenic, adaptogenic, and antimicrobial effects. This review gives an account of unique studies on C. speciosus phytochemical, toxicological, and pharmacological studies and traditional uses of C. speciosus based on searching the databases of Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Springer Link. The previous studies stated the pharmacological potentials of C. speciosus, but it is still needed for more research efforts concerning molecular basis of its biological activities, especially in vivo models and safety assessment of its different extracts. Key words: Costus speciosus, Islamic traditional medicine, therapeutic potentials COSTUS SPECIOSUS TRADITIONAL USES AND among them being a treatment for pleurisy.
    [Show full text]
  • Biochemical and Hematological Evaluation of Costus Speciosus As a Dietary Supplement to Egyptian Buffaloes
    Vol. 7(42), pp. 2774-2779, 15 November, 2013 DOI: 10.5897/AJPP2013.3519 African Journal of Pharmacy and ISSN 1996-0816 © 2013 Academic Journals http://www.academicjournals.org/AJPP Pharmacology Full Length Research Paper Biochemical and hematological evaluation of Costus speciosus as a dietary supplement to Egyptian buffaloes El-Far, A. H.1 and Abou-Ghanema, I. I.2 1Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Egypt. 2Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Egypt. Accepted 12 April, 2013 Sixty Egyptian buffalo heifers ageing about one year old, with an average weight of about 250 to 260 kg were allotted randomly according to their live body weight and age into three equal groups; Group I which received a basal ration; Group II which received a basal ration with fine ground Costus speciosus roots in a concentration of 2.5 kg/ton ration and Group III which received a basal ration with fine ground C. speciosus roots in a concentration of 5 kg/ton ration. Blood samples were collected from each group and divided into two blood samples, one for serum separation and the other for hematological study. Separated serum samples were subjected to the biochemical analysis of glucose, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, urea, uric acid and electrophoretic pattern. The obtained data revealed a decrease in serum glucose and cholesterol levels which may be utilized in anabolic pathways during this period. While total protein, albumin, α1-globulin, β-globulin, hemoglobin, packed cell volume (PCV) and lymphocytes were significantly increased especially in Group III. In addition, the erythrocytes antioxidant status was significantly improved by C.
    [Show full text]
  • Cardamom, Ginger and Turmeric – Muthuswamy Anandaraj and M
    SOILS, PLANT GROWTH AND CROP PRODUCTION – Cardamom, Ginger and Turmeric – Muthuswamy Anandaraj and M. R. Sudharshan CARDAMOM, GINGER AND TURMERIC Muthuswamy Anandaraj Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut, India M. R. Sudharshan Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Spices Board, Myladumpara, India Keywords: Amomum subulatum, Curcuma longa, capsules, cardamom, disease, Elettaria cardamomum, ginger, large cardamom, pests, small cardamom, turmeric, Zingiber officinale Contents 1. Introduction 2. Small Cardamom 2.1. Origin and Distribution 2.2. Plant Description 2.3. Botany 2.4. Breeding 2.5. Ecology and Growing Conditions 2.6. Land and Crop Husbandry 2.7. Processing and Trade 2.8. Composition 2.9. Use 3. Large Cardamom 3.1. Origin and Distribution 3.2. Plant Description 3.3. Botany 3.4. Ecology and Growing Conditions 3.5. Land and Crop Husbandry 3.6. Processing 3.7. Use 4. Ginger 4.1. Origin and Distribution 4.2. Plant Description 4.3. BotanyUNESCO – EOLSS 4.4. Breeding 4.5. Ecology andSAMPLE Growing Conditions CHAPTERS 4.6. Land and Crop Husbandry 4.7. Harvesting and Post Harvest Processing 4.8. Composition 4.9. Use 5. Turmeric 5.1. Origin and Distribution 5.2. Plant Description 5.3. Botany 5.4. Breeding ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) SOILS, PLANT GROWTH AND CROP PRODUCTION – Cardamom, Ginger and Turmeric – Muthuswamy Anandaraj and M. R. Sudharshan 5.5. Ecology and Growing Conditions 5.6. Land and Crop Husbandry 5.7. Harvesting and Post Harvest Technology 5.8. Composition 5.9. Use 6. Conclusions Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketches Summary Cardamom, ginger and turmeric belong to the family Zingiberaceace.
    [Show full text]
  • DNA Barcoding of Commercialized Plants; an Examination of Amomum (Zingiberaceae) in South-East Asia
    DNA barcoding of commercialized plants; an examination of Amomum (Zingiberaceae) in South-East Asia Matilda Segersäll Arbetsgruppen för Tropisk Ekologi Minor Field Study 163 Committee of Tropical Ecology ISSN 1653-5634 Uppsala University, Sweden November 2011 Uppsala DNA barcoding of commercialized plants; an examination of Amomum (Zingiberaceae) in South-East Asia Matilda Segersäll Supervisors: MSc. Hugo de Boer, Department of Organismal Biology, Systematic Biology, Uppsala University, Sweden. Dr. Hien Le Thu, Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam. Abstract Trade and commercialization of non‐timber forest products, like cycas palms, rattans, and orchids form a serious threat to biodiversity in South‐East Asia. The intensity at which these resources are collected, as well as the techniques used, are unsustainable. To distinguish between common and endangered species is complicated, especially of related species within the same family or genus. Molecular barcoding applied to plants uses DNA‐sequences to contribute to identification and distinction between species. In this paper we investigate the possibility of finding suitable barcodes for Amomum Roxb., a genus of well‐known medicinal plants in South‐East Asia, by comparing three genetic markers matK, ITS and trnL. Keywords. Amomum, barcoding, medicinal plants Table of Contents 1 Amomum ........................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]