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A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick Permanent WRAP URL: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/106908 Copyright and reuse: This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. For more information, please contact the WRAP Team at: [email protected] warwick.ac.uk/lib-publications The Everyday Life of a Woodland Nature Reserve: An Ethnographic Study Stephen James Birks A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology University of Warwick Department of Sociology February 2018 iii Table of Contents Library Declaration and Deposit Agreement ................................................................ i Illustrations ................................................................................................................ vii Chart .......................................................................................................................... vii Acknowledgements .................................................................................................. viii Declaration ................................................................................................................. ix Abstract ................................................................................................................... x Chapter One ....................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1 The Research Setting .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Intellectual Context ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 Structure of the Thesis .............................................................................................................................................. 7 Chapter Two ..................................................................................................... 12 Literature Review ...................................................................................................... 12 The Cultural Field of Environmentalism and Wildlife Conservation ................................................. 12 Wildlife Conservation in Britain ............................................................................................................. 13 Using Bourdieu .............................................................................................................................................. 17 Habitus ............................................................................................................................................................... 17 Stages of Habitus ........................................................................................................................................... 19 Cultural Fields ................................................................................................................................................ 20 Being-in-the-World .................................................................................................................................................. 21 Actor Network Theory ................................................................................................................................ 22 Dwelling ............................................................................................................................................................ 23 Leisure: A Being-in-the-World Practice .......................................................................................................... 26 Conceptualising Leisure ............................................................................................................................. 29 Leisure’s Rewards: Fulfilment and Flow ............................................................................................ 30 Leisure and Nature ....................................................................................................................................... 31 Outdoor Leisure ........................................................................................................................................................ 32 Land .................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Air ........................................................................................................................................................................ 35 Water .................................................................................................................................................................. 35 Wildlife .............................................................................................................................................................. 37 Embodying Skills and Knowledge ..................................................................................................................... 41 iv Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................................... 44 Chapter Three ................................................................................................... 46 Methodology ............................................................................................................. 46 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................ 46 Why Ethnography?................................................................................................................................................... 47 Ethnographic Fieldwork ........................................................................................................................................ 49 Participant Observation ......................................................................................................................................... 50 Interviewing Staff and Volunteers .................................................................................................................... 53 Introducing a Questionnaire ................................................................................................................................ 56 Data and Analysis ..................................................................................................................................................... 58 Methodological Challenges ................................................................................................................................... 58 Autoethnography ...................................................................................................................................................... 58 Biography and Autoethnography ...................................................................................................................... 61 Insider–Outsider ....................................................................................................................................................... 62 Multispecies Ethnography .................................................................................................................................... 66 Informant Sample ..................................................................................................................................................... 69 Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................................... 70 Chapter Four ..................................................................................................... 72 The Reserve ............................................................................................................... 72 Chapter Aims .............................................................................................................................................................. 72 Animal Landscapes .................................................................................................................................................. 79 Monitoring Wildlife .................................................................................................................................................. 82 Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................................... 88 Chapter Five ..................................................................................................... 90 The Staff and Volunteers ........................................................................................... 90 The Staff .......................................................................................................................................................................

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