Asian Politics & Policy

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Asian Politics & Policy APP Asian Politics & Policy Volume 10 • Number 4 • October 2018 SPECIAL ISSUE: RUSSIA IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC INTRODUCTION: Russia in the Asia-Pacifi c Alexander Lukin ORIGINAL ARTICLES Russia’s Pivot to Asia: Situational Interest or Strategic Necessity? Maxim Bratersky Greater Eurasia and Russian Foreign Policy Priorities Timofei Bordachev Russian-Chinese Security Cooperation in Asia Vasily Kashin and Alexander Lukin Transformation of China’s Development Model under Xi Jinping and its Implications for Russian Exports Igor Makarov, Ilya Stepanov, and Vasily Kashin Missed Opportunities: Could a U.S.-Russian Dialogue on Asia Pacifi c Have Prevented the New Cold War? Dmitry Suslov Russia’s Policy toward Japan and Regional Security in the Asia-Pacifi c Oleg Paramonov and Olga Puzanova Prospects for Normalization on the Korean Peninsula: A View from Moscow Valery Denisov and Anastasia Pyatachkova Russia and India in the Indo-Pacifi c Sergey Lunev and Ellina Shavlay Reenergizing the Russia-ASEAN Relationship: The Eurasian Opportunity Evgeny Kanaev and Alexander Korolev Russia-Australia Relations in the Context of the Ukrainian Crisis Ivan Krivushin The Eurasian Economic Union and the Integration Process in the Asia Pacifi c Anastasia Likhacheva Mega-Regional Agreements and the Struggle for Economic Order in the Asia-Pacifi c Region Dmitry Novikov and Veronika Shumkova An International Journal of Public Policy aaspp_v10_i4_Issue_Info.inddspp_v10_i4_Issue_Info.indd 1 003-01-20193-01-2019 08:01:4808:01:48 Asian Politics & Policy Volume 10, Issue 4, October 2018 EDITORIAL TEAM Editor-in-Chief: Aileen S. P. Baviera (University of the Philippines, Philippines) Managing Editor: Sascha M. Gallardo (University of the Philippines, Philippines) Senior Editor (Praxis): Aries A. Arugay (University of the Philippines, Philippines) Senior Editors (Book Reviews): Maria Consuelo C. Ortuoste (California State University, East Bay, USA) and Christopher Roberts (University of New South Wales-ADFA, Australia) Senior Editor (Media Reviews): Ma. Diosa Labiste (University of the Philippines, Philippines) Associate Editor (Praxis): Jacob Ricks (Singapore Management University, Singapore) Contributing Editors (Reviews): Seyed Ali Alavi (SOAS University of London, United Kingdom) Derek Bolton (University of Bath, United Kingdom) Hossein Aghaie Joobani (Linköping University, Sweden) Mostafa Mousavipour (University of Tehran, Iran) Lucio B. Pitlo III (Ateneo de Manila University, Philippines) Janjira Somatpoonsiri (Thammasat University, Thailand) ADVISORY BOARD Richard Bitzinger (S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Singapore) Joseph Camilleri (La Trobe University, Australia) C. Steven McGann (National Defense University, USA) Francisco Nemenzo (University of the Philippines, Philippines) William Ratliff (Stanford University, USA) Akihiko Tanaka (University of Tokyo, Japan) William Tow (Australian National University, Australia) Immanuel Wallerstein (Yale University, USA) Zhang Yunling (Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, China) EDITORIAL BOARD Southeast Asia Flemming Christiansen (University of Duiburg-Essen, Germany) Dewi Fortuna Anwar (Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia) Daniel Guttman (The Johns Hopkins University, USA) Alice Ba, University of Delaware (Southeast Asia) Yufan Hao (University of Macau, Macau SAR, China) Leszek Buszynski (Australian National University, Australia) Geir Helgesen (The Nordic Institute of Asian Studies, Denmark) Mely Caballero-Anthony (Nanyang Technological University, Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao (Academia Sinica, Taiwan) Singapore) Richard Weixing Hu (University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong David Capie (Victoria University of Wellington, SAR, China) New Zealand) Kwei-bo Huang (National Chengchi University, Taiwan) Chealy Chet (Cambodian Mekong University, Cambodia) Wenran Jiang (University of Alberta, Canada) Eduardo Gonzalez (University of the Philippines, Philippines) Masaru Kohno (Waseda University, Japan) Jürgen Haacke (London School of Economics and Political Chyungly Lee (National Chengchi University, Taiwan) Science, United Kingdom) Mingjiang Li (RSIS, Nanyang Technological University, Paul Hutchcroft (Australian National University, Australia) Singapore) Darryl Stuart Jarvis (The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Yihu Li (Peking University, China) Hong Kong SAR, China) Alexander Lukin (Moscow State Institute of International Amarjit Kaur (University of New England, Australia) Relations, Russia) Damien Kingsbury (Deakin University, Australia) Li Narangoa (Australian National University, Australia) Anthony Milner (Australian National University, Australia) Terence Roehrig (Naval War College, USA) James Ockey (University of Canterbury, New Zealand) Caroline Rose (University of Leeds, United Kingdom) Sorpong Peou (Ryerson University, Canada) James Tang (Singapore Management University, Singapore) Thitinan Pongsudhirak (Chulalongkorn University, Thailand) Nicholas Thomas (City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Temario Rivera (University of the Philippines, Philippines) SAR, China) John T. Sidel (London School of Economics and Political Bin Yu (Xavier University, USA) Science, United Kingdom) Daojiong Zha (Peking University, China) David Steinberg (Georgetown University, USA) Yongjin Zhang (University of Bristol, United Kingdom) Teresa S. Encarnacion Tadem (University of the Philippines, South/West/Central Asia Philippines) Arshin Adib-Moghaddam (SOAS, University of London, Siew Mun Tang (Institute for Southeast Asian Studies, United Kingdom) Singapore) Ishtiaq Ahmad (Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan) Riwanto Tirtosudarmo (Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Rouben Azizian (Asia Pacifi c Center for Security Studies, USA) Indonesia) Daniel Brumberg (Georgetown University, USA) Alexander Vuving (Asia Pacific Center for Security Studies, Partha Chatterjee (Columbia University, USA) USA) Ian Hall (Griffi th University, Australia) Lynn T. White (Princeton University, USA) Wai Fung Lam (University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Northeast Asia China) Daniel P. Aldrich (Purdue University, USA) Saideh Lotfi an (University of Tehran, Iran) Charles Armstrong (Columbia University, USA) Amita Singh (Jawaharlal Nehru University, India) Zhiyue Bo (Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand) Swaran Singh (Jawaharlal Nehru University, India) Zhimin Chen (Fudan University, China) Mahjoob Zweiri (Qatar University, Qatar) ASPP_C2-C3.indd 1 15/04/15 4:23 PM aaspp_v10_i4_Issue_Info.inddspp_v10_i4_Issue_Info.indd 2 003-01-20193-01-2019 08:01:4808:01:48 Asian Politics & Policy Volume 10, Issue 4, October 2018 http://wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/aspp Special Issue: Russia in the Asia-Pacifi c INTRODUCTION Russia in the Asia-Pacifi c Alexander Lukin 576 ORIGINAL ARTICLES Russia’s Pivot to Asia: Situational Interest or Strategic Necessity? Maxim Bratersky 584 Greater Eurasia and Russian Foreign Policy Priorities Timofei Bordachev 597 Russian-Chinese Security Cooperation in Asia Vasily Kashin and Alexander Lukin 614 Transformation of China’s Development Model under Xi Jinping and its Implications for Russian Exports Igor Makarov, Ilya Stepanov, and Vasily Kashin 633 Missed Opportunities: Could a U.S.-Russian Dialogue on Asia Pacifi c Have Prevented the New Cold War? Dmitry Suslov 655 Russia’s Policy toward Japan and Regional Security in the Asia-Pacifi c Oleg Paramonov and Olga Puzanova 677 Prospects for Normalization on the Korean Peninsula: A View from Moscow Valery Denisov and Anastasia Pyatachkova 693 Russia and India in the Indo-Pacifi c Sergey Lunev and Ellina Shavlay 713 Reenergizing the Russia-ASEAN Relationship: The Eurasian Opportunity Evgeny Kanaev and Alexander Korolev 732 aaspp_v10_i4_Issue_Info.inddspp_v10_i4_Issue_Info.indd 3 003-01-20193-01-2019 08:01:4808:01:48 Russia-Australia Relations in the Context of the Ukrainian Crisis Ivan Krivushin 752 The Eurasian Economic Union and the Integration Process in the Asia Pacifi c Anastasia Likhacheva 772 Mega-Regional Agreements and the Struggle for Economic Order in the Asia-Pacifi c Region Dmitry Novikov and Veronika Shumkova 791 aaspp_v10_i4_Issue_Info.inddspp_v10_i4_Issue_Info.indd 4 003-01-20193-01-2019 08:01:4808:01:48 Asian Politics & Policy (1943-0787) is published quarterly on behalf of the Policy Studies Organization by Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., a Wiley Company, 111 River St., Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774. Copyright © 2018 Policy Studies Organization. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing from the copyright holder. Authorization to copy items for internal and personal use is granted by the copyright holder for libraries and other users registered with their local Reproduction Rights Organisation (RRO), e.g. Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA (www.copyright.com), provided the appropriate fee is paid directly to the RRO. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for republication, for creating new collective works or for resale. Permissions for such reuse can be obtained using the RightsLink “Request Permissions” link on Wiley Online Library. Special requests should be addressed to: [email protected]. Disclaimer: The Publisher, the PSO, and the Editors cannot be held responsible for errors or any consequences arising from the use of information contained in this journal; the views and opinions expressed do not
Recommended publications
  • China's Claim of Sovereignty Over Spratly and Paracel Islands: a Historical and Legal Perspective Teh-Kuang Chang
    Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law Volume 23 | Issue 3 1991 China's Claim of Sovereignty over Spratly and Paracel Islands: A Historical and Legal Perspective Teh-Kuang Chang Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/jil Part of the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Teh-Kuang Chang, China's Claim of Sovereignty over Spratly and Paracel Islands: A Historical and Legal Perspective, 23 Case W. Res. J. Int'l L. 399 (1991) Available at: https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/jil/vol23/iss3/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Journals at Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law by an authorized administrator of Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons. China's Claim of Sovereignty Over Spratly and Paracel Islands: A Historical and Legal Perspective Teh-Kuang Chang* I. INTRODUCTION (Dn August 13, 1990, in Singapore, Premier Li Peng of the People's Re- public of China (the PRC) reaffirmed China's sovereignty over Xisha and Nansha Islands.1 On December. 29, 1990, in Taipei, Foreign Minis- ter Frederick Chien stated that the Nansha Islands are territory of the Republic of China.2 Both statements indicated that China's claim to sov- ereignty over the Paracel and Spratly Islands was contrary to the claims of other nations. Since China's claim of Spratly and Paracel Islands is challenged by its neighboring countries, the ownership of the islands in the South China Sea is an unsettled international dispute.3 An understanding of both * Professor of Political Science, Ball State University.
    [Show full text]
  • Detachment Instead of Confrontation: Post-European Russia in Search of Self-Sufficiency
    Detachment Instead of Confrontation: Post-European Russia in Search of Self-Sufficiency Alexei Miller, Fyodor Lukyanov The report was written by Alexei Miller, Professor at European University in St. Petersburg and Central European University in Budapest; Fyodor lukyAnov, Editor-in-Chief of the Russia in Global Affairs magazine and a Research Professor at the National Research University-Higher School of Economics. Alexei Miller, Fyodor Lukyanov Along with all the complexes of a superior nation, Russia has the great inferiority complex of a small country. Joseph Brodsky Less Than One, 1976 “Our eagle, the heritage of Byzantium, is a two-headed one. Of course, eagles with one head are strong and powerful as well, but if you cut off the head of our eagle which is turned to the East, you will not turn him into a one-headed eagle, you will only make him bleed.” Russian Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin, from the speech in the State Duma in support of the construction of the Amur Railway, 1908 This project originated in 2015 when intellectual interaction between Russia and the West was rapidly degrading to mutual accusations and verbal fights over “who is to blame” and “how much more Russia should suffer before it is ready to repent.” We sought to provide a forum for analysts and political practitioners from Russia, Europe, the United States, and China to con- duct a constructive dialogue and ultimately move from producing endless recriminations and claims to discussing the future of Russia’s role in international affairs. Naturally, this also meant discussing the future of the world as a whole.
    [Show full text]
  • The 1974 Paracels Sea Battle: a Campaign Appraisal
    Naval War College Review Volume 69 Article 6 Number 2 Spring 2016 The 1974 aP racels Sea Battle: A aC mpaign Appraisal Toshi Yoshihara The U.S. Naval War College Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Yoshihara, Toshi (2016) "The 1974 aP racels Sea Battle: A aC mpaign Appraisal," Naval War College Review: Vol. 69 : No. 2 , Article 6. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol69/iss2/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Yoshihara: The 1974 Paracels Sea Battle: A Campaign Appraisal THE 1974 PARACELS SEA BATTLE A Campaign Appraisal Toshi Yoshihara n 19 January 1974, the Chinese and South Vietnamese navies clashed near the disputed Paracel Islands� The short but intense battle left China in Ocontrol of seemingly unremarkable spits of land and surrounding waters in the South China Sea� The skirmish involved small, secondhand combatants armed with outdated weaponry� The fighting lasted for several hours, producing modest casualties in ships and men� The incident merited little public attention, espe- cially when compared with past titanic struggles at sea, such as those of the two world wars� Unsurprisingly, the battle remains an understudied, if not forgotten, episode in naval history�1
    [Show full text]
  • China Versus Vietnam: an Analysis of the Competing Claims in the South China Sea Raul (Pete) Pedrozo
    A CNA Occasional Paper China versus Vietnam: An Analysis of the Competing Claims in the South China Sea Raul (Pete) Pedrozo With a Foreword by CNA Senior Fellow Michael McDevitt August 2014 Unlimited distribution Distribution unlimited. for public release This document contains the best opinion of the authors at the time of issue. It does not necessarily represent the opinion of the sponsor. Cover Photo: South China Sea Claims and Agreements. Source: U.S. Department of Defense’s Annual Report on China to Congress, 2012. Distribution Distribution unlimited. Specific authority contracting number: E13PC00009. Copyright © 2014 CNA This work was created in the performance of Contract Number 2013-9114. Any copyright in this work is subject to the Government's Unlimited Rights license as defined in FAR 52-227.14. The reproduction of this work for commercial purposes is strictly prohibited. Nongovernmental users may copy and distribute this document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this copyright notice is reproduced in all copies. Nongovernmental users may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies they make or distribute. Nongovernmental users may not accept compensation of any manner in exchange for copies. All other rights reserved. This project was made possible by a generous grant from the Smith Richardson Foundation Approved by: August 2014 Ken E. Gause, Director International Affairs Group Center for Strategic Studies Copyright © 2014 CNA FOREWORD This legal analysis was commissioned as part of a project entitled, “U.S. policy options in the South China Sea.” The objective in asking experienced U.S international lawyers, such as Captain Raul “Pete” Pedrozo, USN, Judge Advocate Corps (ret.),1 the author of this analysis, is to provide U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Vision for the Northeast Asia Transportation Corridors
    Northeast Asia Economic Conference Organizing Committee Transportation Subcommittee Chairman KAYAHARA, Hideo Japan: Director General, the Japan Port and Harbor Association/ Counselor, ERINA Committee Members DAI, Xiyao PRC: Director, Tumen River Area Development Administration, the People’ s Government of Jilin Province WANG, Shengjin PRC: Dean, Northeast Asia Studies College of Jilin University TSENGEL, Tsegmidyn Mongolia: State Secretary, Ministry of Infrastructure SEMENIKHIN, Yaroslav RF: President, Far Eastern Marine Research, Design and Technology Institute (FEMRI) Byung-Min AHN ROK: Head, Northeast Asia Research Team, Korea Transportation Institute(KOTI) GOMBO, Tsogtsaikhan UN: Deputy Director, Tumen Secretariat, UNDP Secretariat ERINA (Ikuo MITSUHASHI, Senior Fellow, Kazumi KAWAMURA, Researcher, Research Division, Dmiriy L. Sergachev, Researcher, Research Division) Vision for the Northeast Asia Transportation Corridors Contents Chapter 1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 Chapter 2 Nine Transportation Corridors in Northeast Asia.................................... 2 Chapter 3 Current Situation and Problems of the Nine Transportation Corridors in Northeast Asia ....................................................................................... 5 3.1 Taishet~Vanino Transportation Corridor 3.2 Siberian Land Bridge (SLB) Transportation Corridor 3.3 Suifenhe Transportation Corridor 3.4 Tumen River Transportation Corridor 3.5 Dalian Transportation Corridor
    [Show full text]
  • Identifying Gaps in the Coral Triangle Marine.Indd
    IDENTIFYING GAPS IN THE CORAL TRIANGLE MARINE PROTECTED AREA SYSTEM AS CONSERVATION PRIORITIES This publication was prepared in cooperation with the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, with funding from the United States Agency for International Development’s Coral Triangle Support Partnership (2013) Cover photo: © Maria Beger IDENTIFYING GAPS IN THE CORAL TRIANGLE MARINE PROTECTED AREA SYSTEM AS CONSERVATION PRIORITIES October 2013 USAID Project Number GCP LWA # LAG-A-00-99-00048-00 Citation: Beger, M., J. McGowan, S. F. Heron, E. A. Treml, A. Green, A. T. White, N. H., Wolff, K. Hock, R. van Hooidonk, P. J. Mumby, and H. P. Possingham. 2013. Identifying conservation priority gaps in the Coral Triangle Marine Protected Area System. Coral Triangle Support Program of USAID, The Nature Conservancy, and The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. This is a publication of the Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries, and Food Security (CTI-CFF). Funding for the preparation of this document was provided by the USAID-funded Coral Triangle Support Partnership (CTSP). CTSP is a consortium led by the World Wildlife Fund, The Nature Conservancy, and Conservation International with funding support from the United States Agency for International Development’s Regional Asia Program. For more information on the six-nation Coral Triangle Initiative, please contact: Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries, and Food Security Interim Regional Secretariat Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia Mina Bahari Building II, 17th Floor Jalan Medan Merdeka Timur No 16 Jakarta Pusat 10110 Indonesia www.thecoraltriangleintitiave.org © 2011 Coral Triangle Support Partnership.
    [Show full text]
  • US-China Strategic Competition in South and East China Seas
    U.S.-China Strategic Competition in South and East China Seas: Background and Issues for Congress Updated September 8, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R42784 U.S.-China Strategic Competition in South and East China Seas Summary Over the past several years, the South China Sea (SCS) has emerged as an arena of U.S.-China strategic competition. China’s actions in the SCS—including extensive island-building and base- construction activities at sites that it occupies in the Spratly Islands, as well as actions by its maritime forces to assert China’s claims against competing claims by regional neighbors such as the Philippines and Vietnam—have heightened concerns among U.S. observers that China is gaining effective control of the SCS, an area of strategic, political, and economic importance to the United States and its allies and partners. Actions by China’s maritime forces at the Japan- administered Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea (ECS) are another concern for U.S. observers. Chinese domination of China’s near-seas region—meaning the SCS and ECS, along with the Yellow Sea—could substantially affect U.S. strategic, political, and economic interests in the Indo-Pacific region and elsewhere. Potential general U.S. goals for U.S.-China strategic competition in the SCS and ECS include but are not necessarily limited to the following: fulfilling U.S. security commitments in the Western Pacific, including treaty commitments to Japan and the Philippines; maintaining and enhancing the U.S.-led security architecture in the Western Pacific, including U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Vietnam's Maritime Security Challenges and Regional Defence
    Sea Power Centre - Australia March 2018 SOUNDINGS Issue No. 14 Vietnam’s Maritime Security Challenges and Regional Defence and Security Cooperation CMDR Anh Duc Ton, PhD Vice Dean, Coast Guard Faculty Vietnamese Naval Academy © Commonwealth of Australia 2018 This work is copyright. You may download, display, print, and reproduce this material in unaltered form only (retaining this notice and imagery metadata) for your personal, non-commercial use, or use within your organisation. This material cannot be used to imply an endorsement from, or an association with, the Department of Defence. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. About the Author Commander Anh Duc Ton, PhD is Vice Dean of the Coast Guard Faculty at the Vietnamese Naval Academy. He joined the Vietnamese Navy in 1992, and graduated with a Bachelor of Engineering from the Vietnam Maritime University in 1998. He is a graduate of the Royal Australian Navy Hydrographic School and the Australian Command and Staff College. He has also completed a Maritime Search and Rescue course at the National Maritime Search and Rescue School in the United States. Commander Ton holds a Master of Maritime Policy from the University of Wollongong, a Graduate Diploma in Defence Strategic Studies from the Australian Command and Staff College, a Graduate Certificate in Defence Studies from the University of New South Wales, and a PhD from the University of Wollongong. From 6 June to 2 September 2017, Commander Ton was a Visiting Navy Fellow at the Sea Power Centre - Australia, where he wrote this Soundings paper.
    [Show full text]
  • Asia Protected Planet Report 2014
    Asia Protected Planet Report 2014 Tracking progress towards targets for protected areas in Asia R Asia Protected Planet Report 2014 Tracking progress towards targets for protected areas in Asia Copyright © 2014 United Nations Environment Programme ISBN: 978-92-807-3417-1 DEW/1842/NA Citation Juffe-Bignoli, D.1, Bhatt, S.2, Park, S.1,5, Eassom, A.1, Belle, E.M.S.1, Murti, R.3, Buyck, C.3, Raza Rizvi, A.3, Rao, M.4, Lewis, E.1, MacSharry, B.1, Kingston, N.1 (2014). Asia Protected Planet 2014. UNEP-WCMC: Cambridge, UK. The United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) is the specialist biodiversity assessment centre of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organization. The Centre has been in operation for over 30 years, combining scientific research with practical policy advice. This publication may be reproduced for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission, provided acknowledgement to the source is made. Reuse of any figures is subject to permission from the original rights holders. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose without permission in writing from UNEP. Applications for permission, with a statement of purpose and extent of reproduction, should be sent to the Director, UNEP-WCMC, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0DL, UK. The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP, contributory organizations or editors. The designations employed and the presentations of material in this report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP or contributory organizations, editors or publishers concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries or the designation of its name, frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of a Comprehensive Assessment Model for Coral Reef Island Carrying Capacity(CORE-CC)
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Development of a comprehensive assessment model for coral reef island carrying capacity(CORE‑CC) Ming Chen1,2, Fenzhen Su1,2,3*, Fei Cheng1,2,3, Yu Zhang1,2 & Xuege Wang1,2,3 Coral reef islands provide precious living space and valuable ecological services for human beings, and its sustainability cannot be ignored under the pressure of human activities. Carrying capacity (CC) assessment has gradually become an important means to measure sustainability of islands. However, there is little comprehensive evaluation of the carrying capacity of coral reef islands, and traditional evaluation methods are difcult to express the social‑ecological characteristics of coral reef islands. The present paper proposes a comprehensive assessment model for coral reef island carrying capacity (CORE‑CC) which comprises dimensions of resources supply, environmental assimilative, ecosystem services, and socio‑economic supporting. According to the characteristics of the coral reef islands, the core factors and indicators of each dimension are selected and the corresponding assessment index system of "pressure‑support" is constructed. The assessment involves (1) identifcation of carrying dimensions and core factors, (2) pressure/support measurement and (3) assessment of carrying state. A case study is conducted in Zhaoshu Island of China, demonstrating the applicability of CORE‑CC model and serving as a reference for adaptive management. Coral reefs are among the richest and most diverse ecosystem types found in the global ocean 1,2. Coral reef islands are formed by biological debris produced by the erosion, deposition and cementation of coral sediments. As a special type of islands, coral reef islands not only provides the carrier for human habitation and the fulcrum for protecting and utilizing the ocean, but also provides valuable ecosystem services, such as food provision, coastal protection, recreational activities and numerous cultural services 3,4.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Sea Level Rise Mediated by Climate Change 7 8 9 10 Shaily Menon ● Jorge Soberón ● Xingong Li ● A
    The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com Biodiversity and Conservation Menon et al. 1 Volume 19, Number 6, 1599-1609, DOI: 10.1007/s10531-010-9790-4 1 2 3 4 5 Preliminary global assessment of biodiversity consequences 6 of sea level rise mediated by climate change 7 8 9 10 Shaily Menon ● Jorge Soberón ● Xingong Li ● A. Townsend Peterson 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 S. Menon 18 Department of Biology, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401-9403 USA, 19 [email protected] 20 21 J. Soberón 22 Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center, The University of Kansas, 23 Lawrence, Kansas 66045 USA 24 25 X. Li 26 Department of Geography, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 USA 27 28 A. T. Peterson 29 Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center, The University of Kansas, 30 Lawrence, Kansas 66045 USA 31 32 33 34 Corresponding Author: 35 A. Townsend Peterson 36 Tel: (785) 864-3926 37 Fax: (785) 864-5335 38 Email: [email protected] 39 40 The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com | DOI: 10.1007/s10531-010-9790-4 Menon et al. Biodiversity consequences of sea level rise 2 41 Running Title: Biodiversity consequences of sea level rise 42 43 Preliminary global assessment of biodiversity consequences 44 of sea level rise mediated by climate change 45 46 Shaily Menon ● Jorge Soberón ● Xingong Li ● A. Townsend Peterson 47 48 49 Abstract Considerable attention has focused on the climatic effects of global climate change on 50 biodiversity, but few analyses and no broad assessments have evaluated the effects of sea level 51 rise on biodiversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    © Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. 8 — introduCtion Introduction China is a magnificent country and one of the most diverse on Earth. its size ranks fourth among the world’s nations (9,596,960 km2), and it is home to over 1.3 billion people. The topography of China ranges from the highest elevation on Earth (Mount Everest, or Chomolungma; 8,850 m) to one of the lowest (Turpan Basin; 154 m below sea level). Chinese environments include some of Earth’s For general queries, contact [email protected] © Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. introduCtion — 9 most extensive and driest deserts (the Taklimakan and Gobi) and its highest pla- teau (the Tibetan Plateau or “Roof of the World”). Habitats range from tropical to boreal forest, and from extensive grasslands to desert (see the habitat images, map 1, and map 2). This wide variety of habitats has contributed greatly to the richness of China’s mammal fauna. Additionally, the geographic location of China, at the suture zone between the Palaearctic and indo-Malayan biogeo- graphic regions, further contributes to the country’s mammal diversity. overall, more than 10 percent of the world’s species of mammals live in China (556/5,416); an additional 29 species of cetaceans live in offshore waters (see Appendix i).
    [Show full text]