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Home , 2011 Nobel Peace Prize, 2016 Nobel Peace Prize, Leymah Gbowee, Mairead Maguire, Muhammad Yunus

Alliance Participants

Betty Williams Ireland

Bio: Betty Williams is a Northern Irish peace activist. She was awarded the 1976 for her campaign against violence between Catholics and Protestants in in the 1970s. ©FAO/Alessandra Benedetti ©FAO/Alessandra

Mairead Maguire Ireland

Bio: is a Northern Irish peace activist. She was awarded the 1976 Nobel Peace Prize for her campaign against violence between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland in the 1970s. ©Inter Press Service Press ©Inter

Adolfo Pérez Esquivel Argentina

Bio: Adolfo Pérez Esquivel is an Argentine human rights activist. He was awarded the 1980 Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to fight the military junta that was ruling Argentina. ©Asamblea Nacional del Ecuador/Romina Icaza Ecuador/Romina del Nacional ©Asamblea

Oscar Arias Sánchez Costa Rica

Bio: Oscar Arias Sánchez is a former president of Costa Rica. He was awarded the 1987 Nobel Peace Prize for his work for peace in Central America, efforts which led to the accord signed in Guatemala on August 7 this year. ©FAO/Alessandra Benedetti ©FAO/Alessandra

Frederik Willem de Klerk South Africa

Bio: Frederik Willem de Klerk is a former president of South Africa. He was awarded the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize for his work for the peaceful termination of the apartheid regime, and for laying the foundations for a new democratic South Africa. ©Foreign and Commonwealth Office /Flickr Office Commonwealth and ©Foreign Graça Machel South Africa

Bio: Graça Machel is a former First Lady of South Africa and a human rights activist for women’s and children’s rights. She is the widow of , freedom icon and a former president of South Africa, who was awarded the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize for the peaceful termination of the apartheid regime. © / Zahur Ramji/Mediapix Zahur Forum/ Economic World ©

José Ramos-Horta

Bio: José Ramos-Horta is a former president of East Timor. He was awarded the 1996 Nobel Peace Prize for his work towards a just and peaceful solution to the conflict in East Timor. © Chatham House

Muhammad Yunus

Bio: is the founder of . He was awarded the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize for advancing economic and social opportunities for the poor, especially women, through their pioneering work. ©FAO/Alessandra Benedetti ©FAO/Alessandra

Tawakkol Karman

Bio: is a Yemeni journalist, politician, and human rights activist. She was awarded the for her non-violent struggle for the safety of women and their rights to full participation in peace-building work in Yemen, and became the international public face of the 2011 Yemeni uprising. ©FAO/Alessandra Benedetti ©FAO/Alessandra

Leymah Gbowee

Bio: is a Liberian peace activist and women’s right advocate. She was awarded the 2011 Nobel Peace Prize for her non-violent struggle for the safety and rights of women in peacebuilding and is a founding member of the Women in Peacebuilding Network/ Network for Peacebuilding (WIPNET/WANEP). © FatoPress/Luiz Munhoz FatoPress/Luiz ©

Juan Manuel Santos

Bio: is a former president of Colombia. He was awarded the for his resolute efforts to bring the country’s more than 50-year-long civil war to an end, a war that has cost the lives of at least 220,000 Colombians and displaced close to six million people. ©FAO/Alessandra Benedetti ©FAO/Alessandra ©FAO/Alessandra Benedetti ©FAO/Alessandra

Why this Alliance?

The FAO-Nobel Peace Laureates Alliance for Food of the areas the Alliance has made an impact. With Security and Peace was estabslished by the FAO strong political commitment, and deepened technical Director-General in May 2016 to work jointly with FAO understanding, it is possible to address food insecurity, to build a virtuous relationship, where food security reducing the potential for conflict and instability. supports peacebuilding, and peacebuilding reinforces food security. The Alliance is an advocacy group of The overall goal of the Alliance is to contribute to Nobel Peace Laureates that aims at amplifying FAO’s creating the necessary political will to eradicate hunger contribution to conflict prevention and to giving visibility within our generation and to build sustainable peace. at the work of the Organization in post-conflict countries With the support of FAO Members, the Alliance will in the context of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable raise awareness and champion global and country-level Development. activities promoting the links between food security The Nobel Peace Laureates have led extraordinary and peacebuilding, as well as highlight FAO’s technical efforts that have contributed to a wide range of leadership in agricultural and food security policies and areas. Sustainable development, reduction of , actions that promote peace, rural development and international cooperation and peace are only some food security. “Where food security can be a force for stability, we have to look to food and agriculture as pathways to peace and security. This is a great challenge, but one that we can meet together as we embark on achieving the 2030 Development Agenda.”

José Graziano da Silva, FAO Director-General

How has FAO been advocating the impact of the Alliance?

FAO hosted the first ever meeting of the Alliance upon International Conference on African Development its establishment on May 11th 2016. Since then, the FAO (TICAD-VI), FAO formulated and raised key messages. Director-General has attended several events presenting FAO has identified the following key messages that and promoting the Alliance. During the 2016 FAO should be promoted to create global political will in Regional Conference for the Near East and North Africa, support of strengthening peace through increased food the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, and the Sixth Toky security. Country project

FAO HAS IDENTIFIED TWO COUNTRY PROJECTS THAT ARE CURRENTLY BEING IMPLEMENTED IN COLLABORATION WITH THE MEMBERS OF THE ALLIANCE AND THEIR RESPECTIVE ORGANIZATIONS:

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC With the financial support of the Italian Government, the first Government to support the Alliance, FAO is implementing a project to reinforce agricultural production on 150 hectares of land in Bimbo (5 km from the capital Bangui). The land is owned by the Holy See and hosts 3 000 internally displaced persons (IDPs). This inter-religious project will work with Catholics and Muslims to reinforce social cohesion and provide employment opportunities for IDPs and ex-combatants. Gangale ©FAO/Riccardo

COLOMBIA FAO is responsible for supporting the implementation of the Comprehensive Rural Reform for the realization of peace in the country. FAO has played an important role in supporting the Government in the implementation of integrated rural development. Along with the and La Via Campesina, FAO has been asked by the Government to help implement the Peace Accord 1 on Comprehensive Rural Reform. In Colombia, the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests ©Patrick Zachmann/Magnum Zachmann/Magnum ©Patrick in the Context of National Food Security (VGGT) are the main tool for the implementation of Chapter 1 of the Peace Agreement. ©Patrick Zachmann/Magnum Zachmann/Magnum ©Patrick Facts and figures

42500 40% E GDP PEOPLE FLEEING PER DAY

Post-conflict Agriculture Since 2000, Every day in In 2014, children countries with accounts for 48 percent of 2014, conflicts constituted high food two-thirds of civil conflicts and violence 51 percent of insecurity are 40 employment have been in forced about 42 the refugee percent more and one-third of Africa, where 500 people to population, likely to relapse gross domestic access to rural flee their homes the highest into conflict product (GDP) land underpins and seek safety percentage within a 10-year in countries in the livelihoods either internally in more than time span protracted crises. of many, and or across borders. a decade. where in 27 out Few refugees of 30 interstate (only 1 percent) conflicts land have returned, issues have less than at any played a point in the past significant role 30 years.

Peace is impossible without food security, and there will be no food security without peace

The 2030 Agenda highlights Most conflicts mainly affect rural Food insecurity can also be a source that there is no peace without areas and their populations. This is of conflict. Where it is, it is never the sustainable development and that particularly true for civil conflicts, one single factor behind the strife. there is no sustainable development nowadays the most common form Causal effects of the conflict and without peace. With the advent of armed conflict. Conflict has strong food-security nexus include loss of of the 2030 Agenda, FAO wants and unambiguous adverse effects assets (including land and livestock) to draw the world’s attention on food security and nutrition. It is and threats to food security (including to the role of food security and the major driver of food insecurity sudden food-price increases), but agriculture in preventing conflicts and , both acute and in conjunction with other forms of chronic. Conflict has lasting impacts and crises, mitigating their impacts grievance and discontent. and promoting post-crisis recovery on human development as a result and healing. Ending hunger of increased malnutrition, which Building resilience through and malnutrition, addressing tends to affect children the most and peacebuilding efforts is critical for humanitarian and protracted crises, leave lifelong physical and/or mental food security and nutrition. Little disabilities and difficulties. preventing and resolving conflicts, is known about how, and to what and building peace are not separate Causal effects of the conflict and extent, improved food security could tasks, but simply different facets food-security nexus vary across prevent conflict, and build and sustain of the same challenge. The broad conflict zones, but common features peace. Yet, depending on context- mandate of FAO in the areas of food are disruption of food production and specific conditions, food aid and security and nutrition, agriculture, food systems, plundering of crops social protection, as well as helping fisheries and forestry enables the and livestock, and loss of assets and communities complete harvests, Organization to contribute to a safer incomes, hence directly and indirectly food security tends to contribute and more peaceful world. affecting food access. significantly to peacebuilding. What Can the Alliance Do? ©FAO/Amos Gumulira ©FAO/Amos

STRENGTHENING RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE that brings together around the negotiating table DEVELOPMENT different and often opposing stakeholders to discuss and seek solutions to issues around land tenure, customary Much of FAO’s work aims to promote sustainable land rights and the sustainable use of natural resources. development and build the resilience of rural The main contesting parties – for example, land populations. By supporting agriculture and rural administration and customary authorities, farmers, private development, FAO helps create jobs, provide incomes actors and armed groups – are engaged in a participatory and boost youth employment. This can help prevent territorial analysis to help identify the underlying causes distress migration and radicalization, as well as mitigate of issues surrounding natural-resource access. The disputes over depleted resources. Where conflicts arise, history, perceptions and interests of different parties are FAO seeks to sustain agriculture production and assist captured, and from this a socio-territorial agreement is vulnerable communities to ensure food security and help negotiated. The agreement foresees a series of specific restore post-crisis economies. FAO plays a unique role duties, rights and responsibilities concerning the access, in protecting, restoring and developing the livelihoods use and management of land. Customary and formal of farmers, fishers, herders, foresters and others who institutions monitor implementation. Using the PNTD depend on agriculture and natural resources for approach, land disputes related to refugee return and sustenance, security and prosperity. Conflict prevention IDPs are reduced. This represents the beginning of a and resolution require secure and resilient conditions process with clear peace dividends, with its legitimacy that meet the needs of rural people in terms of both rooted in inclusive dialogue among the stakeholders nutrition and livelihoods. concerned. Additional technical interventions, such as community nurseries, help build local capacities and SUPPORTING REHABILITATION strengthen nascent social cohesion. This approach falls AND REINTEGRATION within the context of the VGGT, which are a fundamental tool for the promotion of sustainable peace and social When families are displaced by armed conflict, cohesion. The VGGT promote secure tenure rights and communities become resource-poor, and livelihood equitable access to land, fisheries and forests as a means opportunities and food sources become very limited. of eradicating hunger and poverty, supporting sustainable Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) development and enhancing the environment. programmes aim to support the voluntary disarmament and discharge of combatants from armed groups. FAO works closely with UN peacebuilding and PARTNERSHIPS actors to reintegrate former combatants in post-conflict Partnerships are key to FAO’s efforts to deliver countries. context-specific, comprehensive, people-centered and preventive interventions. This is the heart of the FAO PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE LAND-CONFLICT Nobel Peace Laureates Alliance for Food Security and RESOLUTION Peace – an innovative and powerful partnership to sustain peace in a world free of hunger. Participatory Negotiated Territorial Development (PNTD) is a confidence-building, facilitated dialogue approach www.fao.org/nobel-for-foodsecurity-peace ©FAO, 2018 ©FAO, CA1518EN/1/09.18