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London Underground

Signs manual

Issue 4

MAYOR OF Contents signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Throughout the London Underground system, we have a Overview proven, highly successful sign system which clearly identifies us and guides our customers safely and efficiently. Good signing is vital for London Underground to project a consistent, modern and professional corporate image, and is essential to the smooth running of stations. Basic elements The detailed information in this manual represents the culmination of thorough research, design and development. By careful and consistent application of the standards documented, we will further enhance the image of the Underground. The customer journey Stations on the Underground system are diverse in layout and architecture, and as such, this manual cannot contain signing solutions for every station. It will, however, establish the set principles to enable effective and consistent solutions to be applied across the network. Specific elements

Index

Overview Contents Back 2 London Underground overview London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Good signing assists our customers in negotiating the Underground system and minimises the need to consult station staff. This is the ideal for maximising operational efficiency, for creating the best impression and for gaining customer satisfaction. The journey from station entrance to the platform, from to train, or to the station exit is often extremely complicated. In the enclosed, confined and busy environment of the Underground, lack of clear directions can cause considerable anxiety. The principle aim in signing must always be to meet the information needs of the customer.

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Overview Contents Back 3 London Underground overview London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The design, layout and content of each and every sign is a considered asset to enable London Underground to project an image of efficiency, consistency and modernity. Compromising the design or production quality would weaken the effectiveness of our signing and our corporate image. To support our world famous identity, we need to make sure that we install signage which conforms to this Standard, and to ensure that any necessary modification is properly controlled.

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Overview Contents Back 4 1.0 Basic elements London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1.1 Roundel The basic elements of the London Underground sign system – 1.1.1 Background areas the roundel, the house and line colours and the New 1.1.2 Roundel silhouette typeface – are also the building blocks of the corporate identity. 1.1.3 Background colours The value of the roundel itself can hardly be over-estimated. 1.2 Colour It is one of the world’s best-known symbols and carries a 1.3 Lettering tremendous weight of goodwill. In order to preserve its value, 1.3.1 Standard sizes and colours the rules in this section for its reproduction and application 1.3.2 Viewing distance chart must be strictly adhered to. 1.3.3 Line spacing Colours are similarly important. Approved NCS colour 1.4 Fitting messages onto panels references should always be used when specifying house and 1.5 Arrows and their direction line colours, see section 1.2. Colour samples are provided in 1.5.1 Arrows the separate ‘London Underground colour standards for 1.5.2 Placement of arrows identity and information’ booklet. 1.6 Symbols and pictograms The Johnston typeface is representative of the Underground’s 1.7 Way out ‘tone of voice’. Its friendly yet authoritative appearance has 1.8 Restricted sign layouts been a familiar and reassuring sight for decades. 1.9 Signing for mobility-impaired customers 1.10 Headroom restrictions 1.11 Switchable signs 1.12 Panel sizes 1.13 Combining signs and minimum height 1.14 Combining signs and layout details

Basic elements To print this section print pages 5-46 Contents Back 5 1.1 Roundel London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Basic form This is the basic form of the Underground roundel. The proportions, colours and the exact letter-form, size and spacing of the lettering in the bar are unalterable. In Underground applications, the roundel always appears with the word ‘Underground’ in the bar, except on platform roundels which display the individual station name. Standards on the exact form of platform roundels are given in section 5.0.

Reproduction Reproduction of the roundel should be made using Underground-approved roundel artwork only. UNDERGROUND No attempt should be made to typeset the word ‘Underground’ or render it by any other means.

Basic elements Contents Back 6 1.1.1 Background areas London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

62x

The immediate area around the roundel, as indicated by the dotted line on the illustration to the right, must 9x be kept free of any other elements of any kind – for example lettering, posters, architectural features, decorative devices and so on.

UNDERGROUND 43x

10x

4.5x 53x 4.5x

Basic elements Contents Back 7 1.1.2 Roundel silhouette London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

For station and platform identifiers, the silhouette roundel is an alternative to the square panel version. The choice of which roundel to use will depend on the architecture and location characteristics. The panel roundel will give greater contrast when viewed with other street or retail signing. The silhouette version is the preferred option for architecturally-sensitive locations. When a structural frame is used, this should be in proportion to the sign size and be centred on the symbol perimeter line. UNDERGROUND

Basic elements Contents Back 8 1.1.3 Background colours London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 Ideally, the roundel should be placed on a white square background 1 In practice, this will not always be possible, eg when incorporating the roundel within wall cladding, so it is permitted to place the roundel on UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND a neutral-coloured background whose tonal value is not darker than the 30% black tint shown on this page. Darker backgrounds2 detract from the impact of the roundel, as do coloured backgrounds 3 Under no circumstances should it be placed directly onto such 10% 20% 30% backgrounds. When using a silhouette roundel it is Approved backgrounds not permissible for the counters 4 to vary from the background colours.

2 3 4

UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND

40% 50% 60% Incorrect backgrounds

Basic elements Contents Back 9 1.2 Colour London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Line colours provide a direct visual to the customer’s Portland Euston Angel initial point of reference – the Tube – as well as to Street other diagrams and service information. They also help non-English speakers find their way around the system. Farringdon As well as the use of Underground blue and red as Warren Street Euston primary corporate colours on specific elements such as Square Barbican the roundel, entrance fascia and directional sign lettering, Regent's Euston Park Underground ‘line’ colours are expressed as a strip above Goodge Russell line directional signs, and on the platform frieze. Street Square Specific colours also have additional uses for safety signs Oxford and notices. Circus

Tottenham Chancery St. Paul's Court Road Lane Bank Green Park Square Mansion House Circus St. James's Blackfriars Park

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Basic elements Contents Back 10 1.2 Colour London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The house colours of the Underground are red and blue, The colours for use on DTLR signs, ISO/BSI standard but there are other colours, particularly line colours, signs etc, should follow the standards established by which contribute to the identity. those organisations. The matrix on the following page details the various Future developments in the Underground rail network applications of all the colours currently being used on may necessitate the adoption of additional colours, the Underground, showing where common uses exist. which will be incorporated into this manual as It should be noted that quality control is vital to ensure appropriate. accurate colour matching, and that checks must be carried out during manufacture and on delivery of signs. Colour samples and references can be found in the separate ‘London Underground colour standards for identity and information’ booklet. A4-size NCS colour swatches can be purchased from: Edgebrite Limited 60b High Street Bridgnorth Shropshire WV16 4DX Telephone 01746 767500 or Langford & Hill 38-40 Warwick Street London W1R 6LS Telephone 020 7437 9945

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Basic elements Contents Back 11 1.2 LUL colours London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002 opolitan line erloo & City line t tr ictoria line ign frames Underground turquoise NCS S 1040-B80G Wa Piccadilly linePiccadilly Underground dark blue NCS S 3560-R80B line Central Underground red NCS S 1085-Y80R V Underground light blue NCS S 2060-B lineDistrict Underground green NCS S 2565-G Circle line Underground yellow NCS S 0580-Y10R Me Underground magenta NCS S 4050-R30B lineBakerloo Underground brown NCS S 4050-Y50R lineEast London Underground orange NCS S 0585-Y30R & City line Underground pink NCS S 0550-R10B Underground black NCS S 9000-N Underground white NCS S 0500-N Underground safety blue NCS S 3065-R90B Underground safety red NCS S 1085-Y90R S Underground dark grey NCS S 7010-R90B Underground light grey NCS S 4005-R80B

House colour Line colour strip Roundel Fascia background Directional signs lettering Way out Supplementary signs Emergency signs denotation National Rail interchange Docklands interchange 3mm dividing line Sign case and supports Non-communicative sign parts

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Basic elements Contents Back 12 1.2 TfL mode colours London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002 NCS S 3560-R80B NCS S 1085-Y80R NCS S 2050-B50G NCS S 0580-G30Y NCS S 2060-R70B NCS S 1070-Y20R NCS S 4010-G30Y NCS S 2060-B

London Underground Docklands Public Carriage Office Street Management

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Basic elements Contents Back 13 1.3 Lettering London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

New Johnston All lettering within the sign system is carried out using New Johnston Medium, a modern adaptation of the ABCDEFGHIJ ABCDEFGHIJ historic Johnston typeface, devised in 1906 by for ’s exclusive use. New KLMNOPQR KLMNOPQR Johnston is a legible typeface with a large ‘x’ height and being heavier in weight, is easily read on signs. STUVWXYZ STUVWXYZ Lettering is in upper and lower case, with an initial capital letter at the start of sign messages and for proper names, except for station names on roundels, fascias and friezes abcdefghijkl abcdefghijkl which are upper-case letters only. For further guidance on these aspects, see sections 2.0 and 5.0. mnopqrstuv mnopqrstuv The second alphabet shown is for illuminated use only. The lettering will appear yellow out of black in the case wxyz wxyz of ‘Way out’ and reversed out of a background colour in the case of switchable signs, as described in the relevant 1234567890 1234567890 sections. For sign use, specific rules of letter and word spacing £&.,:;'()/- £&.,:;'()/- have been developed to maximise legibility. Contractors New Johnston Medium New Johnston Medium illuminated use only are not permitted to digitise these typefaces or vary the letter spacing in any way.

Basic elements Contents Back 14 1.3.1 Standard sizes and colours London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The lettering used throughout the directional system is New Johnston Medium in upper and lower-case letters. For directional sign use, the lettering is available in eight standard sizes, shown on the next page. No other sizes may be used on directional signing. On directional signs, lettering is always in Underground dark blue on Underground white panels, with the exception of ‘Way out’ signs, which display Underground yellow lettering Cap height on an Underground black patch. For colour specifications see section 1.2. For details of ‘Way out’ signs, see x height section 1.7. A x

Basic elements Contents Back 15 1.3.2 Viewing distance chart London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

This chart shows the distance at which certain sizes of Type sizes Cap height x height Margins lettering can be read by a person with average eyesight. 210 Size A+ The data obtained should be used to determine the Size A+ 206 150 450 minimum letter size for any sign. 200 190 Other considerations, such as architectural features or visual continuity, may influence the final choice of letter 180 size, but the optimum size will be used wherever possible. 170 Size A Size A 166 120 300 160 150 140 130 120 Size B 110 Size B 110 80 200 100 90

Cap height in millimetres Size C Size C 83 60 150 80 70

60 Size D Size D 55 40 100 50 Size E 40 Size E 41 30 75 30 Size F Size F 28 20 50 Size G 20 Size G 21 15 38 10 0 6.2 8.3 12 16.2 24.5 32.5 49 60.8 Sign distance in metres

Basic elements Contents Back 16 1.3.3 Line spacing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Line spacing is based on the height of the lower-case letter ‘x’. One ‘x’ is the standard minimum between two lines of information. When information in more than one size of lettering is used, the larger ‘x’ height should be Linespacing used to separate the two lines of differing size. principles

Linespacing Linespacing principles

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Basic elements Contents Back 17 1.3.3 Line spacing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 4

Correct line spacing is achieved by using the ‘x’ height x x of the lower-case letter as the normal minimum space x Victoria line x between two lines of type of equal size 1 x x When using information in more than one size of Northbound Northbound x 2x lettering, the larger ‘x’ height is used to separate the x x Victoria x larger size from the smaller size 2 3 4 and 5 platform 1 x Oxford Circus x When the message reverts to one type size only, its Euston x ‘x’ value should be used between those consecutive lines of type as the normal maximum standard. 2 5

x Victoria line x x Victoria line x x x Northbound x Northbound x 2x platform 1 Victoria x

3 x = x height of largest letter size Victoria line x x x = x height of secondary letter size x x = x height of smallest letter size Northbound x platform 1 x

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Basic elements Contents Back 18 1.4 Fitting messages onto panels London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

2.5x

Signs with line colour strip 50 On signs indicating a direction to a line, a strip of the x line colour should always be included above the line x message. This is a fixed depth of 50mm and runs the Min 1.5x length of the sign panel.

2.5x

50 x x x Bakerloo line x Eastbound platform 3 Min 1.5x

x = x height of largest letter size

All measurements are in millimetres

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Basic elements Contents Back 19 1.4 Fitting messages onto panels London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

2.5x

Signs with line colour strip 25 When two lines run together, for example District and x x District and Circle lines Circle lines, the 50mm colour strip is divided in half x along its length, giving a 25mm strip of each colour. In x exceptional cases, for example when using the smaller Westbound platform 1 type sizes F and G, the colour strip may be reduced Min 1.5x by half. The space from the bottom of the colour strip to the baseline of the first line of type is 2x. The value ‘x’ 2.5x is always equal to the ‘x’ height of the letter size being used for the first line of the message, even though it 17 x may be followed by a second line of a larger type size. x x Hammersmith & City x Metropolitan and Circle lines x x Westbound platform 1 Min 1.5x

x = x height of largest letter size

x = x height of smallest letter size

All measurements are in millimetres

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Basic elements Contents Back 20 1.4 Fitting messages onto panels London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

2.5x 2.5x

Signs without line colour strip x The space from the top edge of the panel to the baseline x Tower Hill Station of the first line of type is 2x. The value ‘x’ is always equal Min 1.5x to the ‘x’ height of the letter size being used for the first line of the message, even though it may be followed by a second line of a larger type size. 2.5x 2.5x Margins x Margin rules apply to all sign types and panel sizes. All x directional messages are ranged left or right, according to x Tower Hill Station the direction indicated by the arrow, see section 1.5. The x Tower of London margin distance is equal to 2.5x of the largest letter size Min 1.5x used, unless ranged with other information, for example ‘Way out’ patches, see section 1.7. A minimum margin of 2.5x must also be provided 2.5x 2.5x at the end of the message. A minimum distance of 1.5x must be left at the base x x of a sign panel. The ‘x’ value is always equal to the x Tower Hill Station ‘x’ height of the largest letter size being used. The depth x Tower of London of the panel must be rounded off to the nearest 50mm x x Tower P ier increment. Min 1.5x

x = x height of largest letter size x = x height of smallest letter size All measurements are in millimetres 3 of 3

Basic elements Contents Back 21 1.5 Arrows and their direction London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2 1 2 Arrows indicating direction to the left, straight ahead or down should be placed on the left-hand side of the first Victoria line line of the message 1 Arrows indicating direction to the right should be placed at the right- hand side of the first line of the message 2 Victoria line Sign messages should be ranged left or right according to the direction indicated by the arrow 3 Where a sign carries several messages of equal emphasis Victoria line and the direction indicated is the same, only the arrow of the first message need be used. Victoria line Where one sign message is subsidiary to another and is in a smaller size of lettering, an arrow should be included only with the main message. Victoria line Left arrow usage Right arrow usage

3

Victoria line

Victoria line

Basic elements Contents Back 22 1.5.1 Arrows London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Min 2.5x 2.5x Arrows Arrows are centred both on the cap height and within c the 2.5x margin area. Tickets

Min 2.5x 2.5x c Tickets

c = Cap height of largest letter size

All measurements are in millimetres

Basic elements Contents Back 23 1.5.2 Placement of arrows London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Placement of arrows When positioning arrows of a 45-degree indication, great care must be taken in their use, as they have no inherent exactness and therefore are open to misinterpretation. Way out The diagram to the right shows a situation where an B arrow indicating up and left, because of a change in floor level at exit A may well be misunderstood to mean half left or towards the left to exit B The most accurate arrow to use in this situation would be the left direction, see below. This would eliminate A uncertainty of direction and ensure a consistent customer flow. When choosing and positioning directional signs, it is vital that the sign planner understands and is aware of the possible confusion caused when more than one choice of path is available. The point to remember is that the correct path must be chosen, and it may be necessary to disregard any change in floor level.

Way out Way out

Correct usage Incorrect usage

Basic elements Contents Back 24 1.6 Symbols and pictograms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

0.75x Min 2.5x Position of symbols within layouts Where symbols or pictograms are to be incorporated in CH 1x directional signs, they must appear at the opposite end to the arrow. A space of 0.75 times the ‘x’ height is inserted between symbol and text. The height of the symbol should be 1.25 times the cap height, and centred on the cap height. Pictograms must not be longer than 2.5 times the x height, and the height will 1.25x CH reduce proportionally. Tower Hill Station

Charing Cross

Waterloo International

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Basic elements Contents Back 25 1.6 Symbols and pictograms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 As directional signs within the Underground environment , must not be used on directional primarily direct to lines and platforms using names and signing. colour, symbols and pictograms do form a primary part of directional signing. There are certain key messages, Pictograms however, which must always be accompanied by a 3 The function of pictograms on the pictogram or symbol. At international interchanges, such Underground is to clarify sign messages for as Heathrow, pictograms may also be used to assist non-English-speaking customers, and to non-English-speaking customers. represent symbolically facilities, such as We must not confuse the role of pictograms and network toilets. Only approved LUL pictograms may symbols with that of safety symbols, which are covered be used, and these are always displayed in Underground dark blue, with the exception on the Safety signs section of this document (section 9.0). 2 of the ‘Information’ symbol, which appears These are defined as follows: in grey. The range of approved LUL signing Safety symbols pictograms is detailed on the next page. 1 Safety symbols are used as the primary signing element to communicate safety messages, as required by European legislation. Symbol colour, background colour, and background shape are all used to communicate the safety message. 3 Network symbols 2 Network symbols are used to identify primary transport networks, such as National Rail or London Buses. These should always be displayed in the designated colour of the network, alongside the network name in standard dark blue LUL type. Symbols for individual operating companies, eg 2 of 3

Basic elements Contents Back 26 1.6 Symbols and pictograms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Rivercraft Taxi Airport Buses (left) Buses (right) P Trams Cycles Parking Symbols to be transposed to suit directions

Men Women Disabled Baby changing Pushchair Queue

Change Tickets (roundel optional) Luggage Information Telephones CCTV 3 of 3

Basic elements Contents Back 27 1.7 Way out London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Equal Equal

The ‘Way out’ indication differs from the rest of the x directional signs, in that the lettering is yellow out of a black patch of fixed proportions. For colour x specification see section 1.2. Way out x The reasons for this difference are recognition and visibility, and the fact that most ‘Way out’ signs must be Note: Two arrows should not be displayed on a sign unless switchable illuminated for statutory safety reasons. The use of the ‘patch’ introduces consistency in the presentation of illuminated and non-illuminated ‘Way out’ indication. Align 50 Internal illumination also means that ‘Way out’ signs can be arranged for switchable operation. For further 50 details of switchable signs, see section 1.11. x The ‘Way out’ patch can be incorporated into any sign, Way out x provided the dimensional restrictions described on x this page are adhered to. x x x ‘Way out’ patch sizes Tower Gateway x B 240 x 980 C 180 x 735 D 120 x 490 E 90 x 368 F 60 x 246 x = x height of largest letter size G 45 x 185 x = x height of smallest letter size

All measurements are in millimetres 1 of 2

Basic elements Contents Back 28 1.7 Way out London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Align 50

Top and side margins on the ranging edge of the 50 ‘Way out’ patch are of a fixed 50mm dimension. All other margins should be a minimum of 50mm. Other ‘Way out’ information, for example, street names Way out and National Rail interchanges, may be combined on Min 50 the same sign with a ‘Way out’ patch, as shown on this page. Other information is normally aligned with the baseline of ‘Way out’. When the information is used at District and Circle lines a small size, or there are multiple lines, the top of the capital may be aligned with the top of the ‘Way out’ Westbound platform 1 patch as shown. Examples of signs incorporating a ‘Way out’ patch are shown with more detailed layout information in section 1.14 and in section 6.0.

Way out Tower Gateway Align

Align type baselines

Way out Fenchurch Street Align Tower Gateway

Align cap height with top of patch x = x height of smallest letter size 2 of 2

Basic elements Contents Back 29 1.8 Restricted sign layouts London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Signing width restrictions Where sign widths are restricted to a degree where text heights suffer due to alignment rules, margins should Way out be varied to allow legible type sizes as shown.

District and Circle lines

Align elements

Way out

District and Circle lines

Align text

Basic elements Contents Back 30 1.9 Signing for mobility-impaired customers London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Signing for people with impaired mobility should be used to mark alternative routes within Underground stations for wheelchair users, and customers with 1.5x 1.7x pushchairs or wheeled luggage. The signs should be used only at the point where the alternative route deviates from the usual route. Additional signs should be used to guide mobility- 1.5x impaired customers to the specific facilities along the alternative route. Signing for mobility-impaired customers uses wheelchair and pushchair pictograms. Specified margin Minimum specified margin These are always used together, as shown.The (2.5x) (Min 2.5x) pictograms are Underground dark blue on an Underground white background. The viewing distance chart in section 6.6 should be used in conjunction with the table provided on this page when deciding the 2x appropriate pictogram size.

The wheelchair and pushchair pictograms may be Min 1.5x combined with directional arrows as shown. They may also be combined with descriptive messages, for example ‘Lift’ or ‘Ramp’, within the immediate vicinity of alternative facilities in order to aid 0.5CH recognition. When combined with directional arrows, the pictograms should be adjusted to reflect the direction indicated. x Lift x 1 of 2

Basic elements Contents Back 31 1.9 Signing for mobility-impaired customers London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Signs for people with impaired mobility may be combined with other directional signs and ‘Way out’ Victoria line Way out signs, at the point where the alternative customer route deviates from the usual route. An exception is, for example, when two ‘Way outs’ are indicated and only one is suitable for mobility-impaired customers. In such a case, sign panels carrying the pictograms and a directional arrow should be used before the deviation point. Where stations have several lifts, they should be letter coded as detailed in section 10.18. District and Circle lines Wheelchair Pushchair Eastbound platform 1 pictogram pictogram

Type sizes CH x (1.5x) (1.7x) Margins A+ 206 150 225 255 450 A 166 120 180 204 300 B11080120 136 200 C836090102 150 Victoria line Way out D55406068100 E4130455175 F2820303450 G2115232638

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Basic elements Contents Back 32 1.10 Headroom restrictions London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where subways have extremely restricted headroom, a minimum illuminated sign depth of 150mm may be used. Using the 50mm margin would result in an unacceptably small ‘Way out’ patch (size G). The margins must therefore be reduced to allow for E or D size ‘Way out’ patches – D being used where longer viewing distances are involved.

50 Way out 150

30 E Way out 150 30

25 D* Way out Exit 4 150 25 * With upper margin reduced by 7mm and lower margin by 13mm

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Basic elements Contents Back 33 1.10 Headroom restrictions London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where associated information aligned to exit number text would result in illegible text size, text should be increased and vertically centred within normal margin restrictions.

EQ 30 x Cheapside x x E Way out Exit 1 Museum of London x St. Bart's Hospital x 30 EQ E F

30 E Cheapside Way out Exit 1 Museum of London 30 St. Bart's Hospital G

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Basic elements Contents Back 34 1.10 Headroom restrictions London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Lower margins x Where restricted headroom unduly affects text sizes and 170 operational legibility, lower margins may be adjusted as x x Central line shown, using standard type sizes where possible.

x x Central line 155 1.5x min

Way out Central line x Platforms 3 and 4

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Basic elements Contents Back 35 1.11 Switchable signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 50 Min 50

As a result of particular operational requirements, 50 it is sometimes necessary to change the paths that x customers take for interchange between other services Way out x or ‘Way out’. To do this, a style of switchable sign has x been developed to be compatible with all other Min 50 directional signs.

Switchable ‘Way out’ and interchange information The ‘Way out’ patch has been designed in set proportions to carry an arrow either side of the message, allowing for the direction of ‘Way out’ to be switched 1 Way out

Way out

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Basic elements Contents Back 36 1.11 Switchable signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

50 50 50

1 Where additional interchange or other information is switchable, this should be displayed as illuminated white text on a dark blue illuminated patch. The text Way out Charing Cross Align must be obscured when the sign is unlit. Layout of text and arrows within the patch follow exactly the same principles for directional signs, and should be aligned to any associated ‘Way out’ text to side or above as shown 2 1 2 The length of the sign may vary from the set modular sizes to allow for electrical control gear. Where a panel requires switchable arrows, the Way out switchable panel background should revert to black, 50 to avoid any partitions being visible on partial illumination 3 4 As the unswitched text part Blackfriars of the directional message will require separate illumination, the arrow to text spacing may be varied Align Align within reason to suit standard lamp lengths. Variable if room required for electrical Variable to suit unit lamp lengths control gear EQ EQ 3

Charing Cross

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Basic elements Contents Back 37 1.11 Switchable signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

4 Switchable line information signs follow the same layout principles as already described, the only Charing difference being a 75mm top margin to accommodate Cross a 50mm colour strip at the top of the sign 5 6 Where switchable ‘Way out’ and directional panels are positioned side by side, the margin rules should be adjusted to allow visual alignment of elements as shown in the diagrams. 5050

5

50 75 Way out Bakerloo line Align

6

75 Align Way out Bakerloo line

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Basic elements Contents Back 38 1.11 Switchable signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Simultaneously switched directions Where switchable signs direct to several locations, which require simultaneous switching to control customer flows, the use of several large glass patches should be avoided. 1 If a switchable ‘Way out’ is present, all other switchable arrows may be omitted, so all directions will appear linked to the single switchable arrow. No other conflicting arrows may be present on the sign. 1 Arrows switch between down and right.

2.5x usual margin

Way out Central line Buses Platform 6

Way out Platform 6

Buses Central line 4 of 5

Basic elements Contents Back 39 1.11 Switchable signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Independently switched directions Where switchable signs direct to several locations, which require independent switching to control customer flows, the use of several large glass patches must be avoided. Inlaid white acrylic arrows should be used in flanged aluminium panels, to allow the switchable sign to have a similar layout to unswitched equivalent. 1 Inlaid white (028) acrylic arrow 2 Screened aluminium face

3 4x minimum to allow space for mini lamp 1 2 4x min 3 units behind 4 50mm minimum to ensure correct level contrast x x between lit and unlit areas Jubilee line Bakerloo line Northern line

50mm min 4

Jubilee line Bakerloo line

Northern line

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Basic elements Contents Back 40 1.12 Panel sizes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The panels of the directional sign system are based on a 50 x 50mm grid. The choice of panel size depends on: 750x250 1000x250 1250x250 1020x240 • Lettering size for optimum legibility, see section 1.3.2 750x300 1000x350 1250x400 1260x1170 • Length of message or messages to be contained • Architectural considerations, for example space available, surface decoration and so on 750x500 1000x750 1250x1000 • Juxtaposition with other signs, see section 1.14. Some scaled-down examples of panel sizes are shown on this page superimposed over the grid. Panel sizes which do not conform to the 50 x 50mm grid may be used only in exceptional circumstances, for example when incorporated into an architectural feature or All measurements are in millimetres Scale 1:20 printed onto wall-cladding panels.

Basic elements Contents Back 41 1.13 Combining signs and minimum height London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Sign panels should preferably be manufactured in one piece. However, it will sometimes be necessary to combine separate signs, either because the overall size is too large for manufacturing processes, or because additions are made later. In these cases, panels must be of matching dimensions, 2500 either in width or depth. The minimum height for the lower edge of a ceiling fixed or hanging directional sign panel above floor level is 2.5m. Those concerned with establishing final ceiling heights should take this into account at the design stage. Where it is unavoidable that the level of signing will fall below 2.5m, formal dispensation must be sought.

Basic elements Contents Back 42 1.14 Combining signs and layout details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 The following pages show examples of typical sign layouts, where directions are combined in different Way out District and Circle lines Victoria line ways, and the general alignment principles which should be adopted to ensure layouts appear visually balanced and are easy to read. 2 Generally, when combining sign messages, the panels should be horizontally combined to minimise the depth of the sign. This will aid sightlines and allow larger type Northern line sizes within a constrained headroom area 1 When signs are fitted to narrow walls or columns, the layout should be combined vertically 2 Victoria line

Hammersmith & City Metropolitan and Circle lines

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Basic elements Contents Back 43 1.14 Combining signs and layout details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

3 Where panels containing text are combined with ‘Way out’ panels, the baselines of the first line of text should Way out High Road Shopping Centre be aligned 4 and 3 Where the alignment of baselines will result in an unbalanced, bottom-heavy layout, the top of the directional text may be aligned with the top of the 4 ‘Way out’ patch 5 Way out Hammersmith Heathrow & City line

5

Shopping Centre South Bank University Elephant & Castle Way out Imperial War Museum (via Shopping Centre) (via subway)

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Basic elements Contents Back 44 1.14 Combining signs and layout details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

6

Examples 6 and 7 show two different layouts which may be adopted to convey the same information, Hammersmith & City, Metropolitan and Circle lines depending on site constraints. Where height may be Eastbound platform 2 King's Cross St. Pancras Tower Hill a problem, the horizontal version will be more suitable. Liverpool Street Where the sign may be partially obstructed by columns or vertical elements, the narrower format may be more suitable. Generally the horizontal version is preferred. Where exit and directional information share the 7 same direction, the information should be ordered Hammersmith & City so that the illuminated ‘exit’ panel is at the leading Metropolitan and Circle lines end of the sign 8 Eastbound platform 2 King's Cross St. Pancras Liverpool Street Tower Hill Whitechapel

8

Central line Westbound platform 1

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Basic elements Contents Back 45 1.14 Combining signs and layout details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

9 Where one sign panel containing several lines of text is horizontally combined with a sign of a single text line, the primary text line baselines should be aligned, Northbound Lift in this case the lines containing the arrows 9 and 10 platform 1

10

Metropolitan line Lift Northbound platform 1

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Basic elements Contents Back 46 1.14 Combining signs and layout details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

11 Where a series of signs appear along a platform or Way out Hammersmith & City passageway, with different levels and quantities of Metropolitan and Circle lines information, we should strive to maintain a consistent Piccadilly line Victoria line format, adjusting the order of information to suit, providing the clarity of the sign message is not compromised. In examples 11 and 12 the layout of the Underground line elements has been adjusted to group logically by direction, the Northern and Victoria line in the bottom example being clearly separate from the 12 other elements. Northern line Hammersmith & City Way out It should be noted in sign example 11 that the fire Metropolitan and Circle lines King's Cross equipment point is on the platform immediately Victoria line St. Pancras below the sign.

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Basic elements Contents Back 47 The customer journey London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

2.0 External signage

3.0 Ticket hall signing

4.0 Platform finding

5.0 Platform signing

6.0 Exit from platform

7.0 Emergency exits

8.0 Exit from station

Customer journey To print this section print pages 47-48 Contents Back 48 The customer journey London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Our customers perceive the Underground as a difficult and stressful environment. Without correct signing and information, the possibility of making a wrong decision about line, direction or interchange is increased and stress levels will rise accordingly. This section of the manual covers the requirements of specific station areas as a trail of information, from entering a station through to exiting at the end destination. For clarity, only the primary direction signing required for customers to pass through the system is described in this section. Other, more specific areas, such as evacuation and safety signing, which are relevant to all areas of the station, are covered in section 9.0.

Customer journey Contents Back 49 2.0 External signage London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

2.1 Examples There are two versions of the roundel which may be used, the 2.2 Elements panel and the silhouette. The choice of roundel will depend on 2.3 Panel version principles the architecture and location characteristics. Some existing silhouette roundels may also be restored if they are of heritage 2.4 Pole-mounted silhouette version interest, or considered to be intrinsic to the building. 2.5 Wall-mounted silhouette version 2.6 Fascia principles The panel roundel will give greater contrast when viewed with other street or retail signing. The silhouette version is the 2.6.1 Lettering sizes preferred option for architecturally-sensitive locations. At 2.6.2 Position of lettering interchange stations where the entrance serves more than one 2.7 Positioning of signs transport network, an interchange totem sign should be 2.8 Shared facilities adopted, see section 2.8. 2.9 Heritage stations

Customer journey To print this section print pages 49-62 Contents Back 50 2.1 Examples London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The examples shown here and on the following page indicate the application of the basic elements at a variety of stations. External signs are those which identify Underground stations. For two main reasons, these signs function in difficult circumstances. Firstly, they are often in very competitive, busy environments where other signs and visual clutter are a severe disturbance to instant recognition. Secondly, the architecture of stations varies so widely, that it is not possible to give hard and fast rules which will apply to all installations.

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Customer journey Contents Back 51 2.1 Examples London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

More than the other categories of signs, external signs affect, and are affected by, the architecture on or by which they are placed. The need for impact and recognition must always be balanced with the need for conservation and appropriateness.

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Customer journey journey ContentsContents Back Back 52 2.2 Elements London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2 The main elements of the external signs are the roundel and the fascia. Generally, the roundel provides identification of a station and its entrance. The fascia acts as a secondary identification element and gives the name of the station. A roundel must always be present at station entrances, but there will be cases where it is not possible to include a fascia. There are two versions of the roundel which may be used, the panel and the silhouette. The choice of roundel will depend on the architecture and location characteristics. Some existing silhouette roundels may also be restored if they are of heritage interest, or considered to be intrinsic to the building. The panel roundel will give greater contrast when 3 viewed in conjunction with other street or retail signing. The silhouette version is the preferred option for architecturally-sensitive locations. At interchange stations where the entrance serves more than one transport network, an interchange totem sign should be adopted, see section 2.8.

Customer journey Contents Back 53 2.3 Panel version principles London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

62x

The background panel proportions are exactly as laid down in section 1.2.2 and confirmed on the diagram on 9x the right. Two standard sizes should be used: 1m2 and 1.5m2. If any other size is required, the exact proportions of roundel to panel must be adhered to.

The standard forms of the roundel sign are a single- 43x sided panel and a double-sided panel. UNDERGROUND

10x

53x 4.5x 4.5x

UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND

Wall-mounted Pole-mounted Hanging Projecting

Customer journey Contents Back 54 2.4 Pole-mounted silhouette version London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

376

Designed specifically for architecturally-sensitive locations, the pole-mounted version of the roundel clearly communicates the location of entrances, while being remote from the building structure. This design has been approved by English Heritage for use in sensitive areas, and has a tapered cast elliptical pole, with spun-aluminium symbol. Care must be taken when positioning the roundel to ensure maximum visibility, without creating an obstruction to pedestrians.

4300

F.F.L F.F.L

Customer journey Contents Back 55 2.5 Wall-mounted silhouette version London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Designed specifically for architecturally-sensitive locations, the wall-mounted (also known as cantilevered) version of the roundel has been designed to be in keeping with both modern buildings and listed stations, and has been endorsed by English Heritage for use in sensitive areas. When positioning the roundel on 2090 buildings, care must be taken to ensure that the sign can be viewed at a distance, and the sign mounting arm may be varied in length to allow visibility where recessed.

460 1554

Customer journey Contents Back 56 2.6 Fascia principles London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1

Most stations are equipped with a fascia or fascias. OVAL STATION Often, a fascia is part of a canopy structure which has a distinctive style of its own. These standards are therefore concerned only with the colour of the fascia panels and the lettering. The background colour is Underground dark blue with 2 Underground white lettering. For colour specification see section 1.2. The station name appears in capital VICTORIA UNDERGROUND STATION letters. 1 Generally only the station name appears on fascias and is suffixed by the word ‘STATION’ 2 Underground stations whose entrances are within National Rail stations should have the word ‘UNDERGROUND’ included — for example ‘VICTORIA UNDERGROUND STATION’. Where 3 space is limited in such situations, it may be permissible simply to use ‘UNDERGROUND’ 3 The side panels of canopies are plain blue. Where the front of the canopy cannot be seen from the BRIXTON ST pavement, for example, the station name may appear on the side panels. ATION BRIXTON

Customer journey Contents Back 57 2.6.1 Lettering sizes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

min 1.5CH

Size of lettering on the fascia is dependent on the 0.5CH available depth and length. The correct proportions CH are shown opposite. These should apply whatever the depth of the fascia. These proportions do not include BAKER STREET STA 0.5CH the depth of any sign framing. The only exception is if the station name will not fit into the available length. In such cases, the word ‘STATION’ may be omitted and, if the space is still not sufficient, min min the size of lettering may be reduced. 1.5CH 1.5CH Line names are generally not included, except where 0.5CH 0.5CH 0.4CH there are separate stations with the same name, for Bakerloo CH 0.6CH line example at Hammersmith and Road, and 0.5CH EDGWARE RO 0.5CH where an entrance is dedicated to one line at a station which serves two or more lines. The line name should be in upper and lower case lettering as shown on pages 4.1 and 4.1.1. Where necessary the station name may be shown in two lines, but this must always be centred in capitals. VICTORIA

Customer journey Contents Back 58 2.6.2 Position of lettering London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Centre on entrance

In the absence of any other indications, the lettering EMBANKMENT STATION should be positioned in the centre of the fascia. However, where appropriate, the position of the lettering can help to indicate the station entrance, especially when this is not immediately obvious. This possibility is illustrated on this page.

Centre on entrance

BERMONDSEY STATION

Customer journey Contents Back 59 2.7 Positioning of signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Although it may not always be possible to position signs ideally, due to architectural or other considerations, certain parameters should be followed as closely as possible. These diagrams indicate optimum and minimum clearances from pavement level. UNDERGROUND However, each location will have to be considered individually on its own merits. While these diagrams show the panel version of the roundel, the same principles should be adopted for the silhouette versions.

UNDERGROUND

4000 Min 3500

2700 Min 2500

Customer journey Contents Back 60 2.8 Shared facilities London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

At interchange stations where the entrance serves more than one transport network, an interchange totem sign should be adopted. The purpose of the totem is to UNDERGROUND clearly and consistently identify the modes available around a particular site. At station entrances only the core network identities are to be displayed, eg National Rail symbol may be used but logos are not permitted. For further details on the use of combined network signs at interchange stations, refer to the TfL ‘Multi-Modal Interchange Signs Standards’. There are two principal versions of the interchange totem, a base-mounted version which can accommodate all network symbols required, and a wall-mounted version which may be used for two network symbols. Both share a curved profile in white aluminium, with inset curved illuminated acrylic symbols. Totems should be positioned in particular locations to ensure that from all approaches to the site, the modes of transport available at or around the site, are easily recognisable from a distance. All transport services will be identified on a totem, so long as they meet the criteria deemed necessary for inclusion as an interchange.

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Customer journey Contents Back 61 2.8 Shared facilities London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

2215 Using fixed proportions 4 The visual identities of the core networks are displayed together on identification signs at interchanges. Each one must be clearly visible, but also balanced fairly, so that one identification sign does not overwhelm 4 the others. To achieve this balance, the network logos are displayed UNDERGROUND together in fixed proportions. The logos’ proportions are based on a square grid 4 composed of 15 units in each direction.

Order of display Once the logos have been sized, they should be 4 positioned together vertically or horizontally. The first logo to be displayed is determined by the ownership of the interchange. At interchanges based on railway stations, this often means that either the National Rail logo or the London Underground logo will come first, followed by the other logos in order of customer usage.

Using station names Station names should be displayed on all totems. The only exception is where a totem is situated close to a fascia displaying a clearly visible station name.

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Customer journey Contents Back 62 2.9 Heritage stations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2 London Underground is proud of its design heritage, and a conscious effort has been made to conserve and restore the best of the old to sit alongside the new. External signs are of particular importance, as these often reflect the period when a station was built, and are characteristic details which give interest and local colour to the capital. Many of our stations are listed buildings, so we have a statutory obligation to maintain or restore the entrance signing in keeping with the building. Where heritage considerations arise when resigning a station, each case needs individual consideration. The general principles, and specific examples, are detailed in the ‘London Underground Heritage Signing Standard’. The examples on this page show the original Colliers 3 Wood station in 1926 1 just before restoration 2 and the restored station in 1996 3

Customer journey Contents Back 63 3.0 Ticket hall signing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

3.1 Entering a ticket hall On entering a station, customers need a range of 3.2 Ticket machines pre-travel information, logically laid out and accessible. 3.3 Ticket window signs A must be clearly visible, showing the network of lines and interchanges, to enable the customer to establish 3.4 Information posters unit or confirm their route. For details of the information poster 3.5 Dedicated gateline requirements at stations, refer to section 8.1.1. 3.6 Ticket gate penalty warning signs Real-time information has been identified as particularly 3.7 Gateline signing important in developing the customer’s confidence in the 3.8 Lift signing service we offer. By alerting them to disruptions at the earliest opportunity, we enable them to make timely alternative arrangements. Information units should be clearly visible on entry to the ticket hall, and must be positioned so as not to obscure primary directional signing. For details of these indicators, refer to the LUL customer service delivery standards.

Customer journey To print this section print pages 63-72 Contents Back 64 3.1 Entering a ticket hall London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Before the customer has purchased a ticket, there should be clear confirmation of the Underground lines served by the station. This will normally take the form of ceiling-mounted signing facing the customer on entry to the ticket hall. For clarity, platform numbers and directions should not be displayed at this point. Where ticket-buying facilities are not facing the customer on entry, overhead signing should also incorporate directions to the ticket office and machines. When establishing the positions of such signs, the use of the reverse face must be considered for display of exit information as detailed in section 8. To maintain clarity, only primary directional signing and real-time information indicators should be ceiling-mounted within ticket halls. No ceiling- mounted commercial signing may be displayed, unless approved by LUL.

Customer journey Contents Back 65 3.2 Ticket machines London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Over each bank of ticket machines, signing should be fitted, spanning the entire width and containing the word ‘Tickets’ as illustrated. The only other elements which may appear on these signs are the tickets pictogram (refer to section 1.6), or directions to additional ticket/change-giving facilities.

Tickets

Customer journey Contents Back 66 3.3 Ticket window signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Ticket window signs are mounted above the window as an illuminated, triangular, projecting sign. Where appropriate, this may be integrated into the architectural treatment of the window area. Three typical window messages are illustrated opposite. These signs must be switchable (obscure when unlit) to make it clear which window positions are open. On some recent stations, following the design, the ticket window text has been incorporated into the glass wall panels over the windows, which are then illuminated from the reverse. All vinyl labels associated with ticket-buying conditions and instructions (see photograph) are covered in the ‘LUL Station Presentations Handbook’, together with ordering details.

Assista Tick nce Assistance ets Assistance and tick Tickets and tickets ets Assistance

Customer journey Contents Back 67 3.4 Information posters unit London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where possible, information poster units such as the Tube Map, timetables etc should be grouped together. This should be headed up by a panel spanning the entire extent of the frames, and bear the word ‘Information’, together with the standard information pictogram. Where poster frames are fitted in such a way that customers generally approach from the side, a projecting information flag sign should be used, fitted centrally above poster frames.

250

50

150 UNDERGROUND Information i

50

Projecting information sign

Customer journey Contents Back 68 3.5 Dedicated gateline London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where access to lines is split within the unpaid side of the ticket hall, ie where access to lines is via dedicated gatelines, line diagram signs must be fitted to enable customers to confirm their target destination before passing through the gatelines.

Customer journey Contents Back 69 3.6 Ticket gate penalty warning signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where ticket gates are fitted, ‘penalty fares’ signing is incorporated within the gate structure as shown in the photographs. Such signing and ordering details are covered in the ‘LUL Stations Presentation Handbook’, which also covers associated labels for manual gates. No additional penalty fares signing is permitted. Where gates do not exist, standard penalty fares signs A should be ceiling-mounted over the gateline, conveying the same information as shown. These signs may be combined with line direction information if required.

A

Penalty £10 250 if you pass this point and fail to show on demand a valid ticket for your entire journey

750

Customer journey Contents Back 70 3.7 Gateline signing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

For long gatelines in busy stations, a switchable illuminated overhead gantry may be fitted, to amplify the gate conditions from a distance using the same arrow/cross symbols. These should be electronically controlled from the gates and must switch in conjunction with the gates. They must also fail safe in the event of the gate release plunger being operated, displaying arrows over the exit paths from all gates.

Customer journey Contents Back 71 3.8 Lift signing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where a station is fully accessible, it is not always obvious that the route through a station may involve x several lifts. Customers may assume one lift will go Lift from street to all platform levels, which is unlikely. x 0.5x Unless a lift serves all areas, signing over lifts should to street include supplementary text showing the areas served generally as shown. Where there are several lifts within a complex , the lifts should be letter coded (as shown). As detailed in section 10.18.

C Lift E to Jubilee line

Lift C Lift D E to trains

For details of lift coding refer to section 10.18

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Customer journey Contents Back 72 3.8 Lift signing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Line names should be used with line colour bands for clarity. Care must be taken to ensure that on exit from the lift, signing is immediately visible to continue the journey.

C Lift

District and Circle lines G E Jubilee line Eastbound platform 1 F

C Lift

G District and Circle lines F Westbound platform 2 2 of 2

Customer journey Contents Back 73 4.0 Platform finding London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

4.1 Ticket hall to platform Having passed through the gateline, the customer will now 4.2 Order of information follow a trail of signs to the correct platform. It is essential 4.3 Sign progression that the signing displayed en route is clear and unambiguous, with an emphasis on areas of decision making. If unnecessary 4.4 Line diagrams information is displayed, signs become more cluttered, harder 4.4.1 Line diagrams – layout details to read on the move, and cause confusion. Signs should be 4.5 Platform bifurcation orientated to face customers’ movement wherever possible, 4.6 Emphasis of information and should be of consistent text size and format. 4.7 Key destinations At all changes in direction or decision points, signs should be 4.8 Platform confirmation clear and unobstructed on approach. All require 4.8.1 Platform confirmation – numbers clear signing showing all areas served by the , which 4.9 Special cases should generally be ceiling-mounted centrally over the bank of 4.10 Train indicators escalators to allow for reversal. On the reverse of such signs, information should be avoided if possible, to stop customers panicking to read it on a moving escalator, or stopping directly at the bottom, thus causing a safety hazard. Where there are long subway routes, repeater signs should be used at frequent intervals to reassure customers that they are going in the right direction.

Customer journey To print this section print pages 73-88 Contents Back 74 4.1 Ticket hall to platform London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

For the majority of stations, the order of information on signs will follow consistent, clear principles. The first signs in the concourse or subways will give directions using just the line names and colour bands, the information being limited to what is needed at that point. At a decision point between lines, the same line directional signing is used, but supported by line diagrams displaying the stations served (refer to section 4.4). The overhead line signs should be orientated to face customers directly. The line diagrams should be positioned so as to be visible when approaching the decision point, but not cause congestion if customers stop to read them.

Customer journey Contents Back 75 4.2 Order of information London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

When signs direct to lines and platforms, a strict order of information must be followed. Victoria line The order is: • Line • Direction/platform Victoria line • Destinations The line message is simply ‘Central line’, ‘Victoria line’ Southbound platform 1 and so on. For example, only where ‘District and Circle lines’ share the same platform may the message be combined. Victoria line The platform message includes the compass-point description, so ‘Southbound platform 1’ is treated as Southbound one message which may, however, be divided into two lines of text. platform 1 The destinations message must be only a short list, for example major stations served. A full list of stations served is given only in the form of a line diagram, see section 4.4 and 4.4.1. Victoria line Southbound platform 1 Euston Oxford Circus Victoria

Customer journey Contents Back 76 4.3 Sign progression London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 These illustrations show a typical progression of signs from ticket hall to platform. The sequence starts with a sign which refers only Victoria line to the line(s), see 1 Platform information is not introduced until a bifurcation point is reached, see figure 2 Reference to destinations may be included by listing 2 the main stations served, see figure 3 or by a line diagram, see figure 4 (next page). The decision on which to employ will primarily be based on customer Victoria line information requirements, and the available space. Northbound platform 1 Southbound platform 2

3

Victoria line Victoria line Northbound Southbound platform 1 platform 2 Victoria Oxford Circus Brixton Euston

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Customer journey Contents Back 77 4.3 Sign progression London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

4 5 It should be noted, however, that it takes longer to find a single station name on a line diagram than on an Victoria line Victoria line abbreviated list, although it does give greater orientational information. Northbound Northbound platform 1 platform 1 Victoria Lists of main destinations are therefore more suitable Oxford Circus for use at busy bifurcation points, where the presence Euston of customers studying line diagrams can cause Highbury & Piccadilly congestion. Note that these are listed in geographical Seven Sisters not alphabetical order. Tot tenham Hale Blackhorse Road Further along the sign path, confirmation signs should Central be used to provide reassurance, see figure 5 6 Upon arrival at the platform, trackplates may be installed to confirm line, direction and platform information, refer to section 4.8. Where it is not possible to fix a trackside Victoria line line diagram, platform confirmation should be given on a Northbound platform 1 sign suspended at right angles to the track, see figure 6

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Customer journey Contents Back 78 4.4 Line diagrams London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Line diagrams, as illustrated on this page, are destination information and therefore follow the District and Circle lines rules for order of information given in section 4.2. Westbound platform 1 The line diagram must be preceded by the line and platform messages. Line diagrams should be positioned at or beyond Victoria bifurcation points, as an aid to journey planning. Euston Square Great Portland Street Careful siting is essential to avoid congestion in Baker Street Sloane Square passageways and at the bottom of stairs etc. Where Paddington South Kensington a line diagram is inappropriate for this reason, a sequential list of key destinations may be included Gate with the line information. High Street Kensington Gloucester Road Trackside versions are positioned on the trackside wall, Earl's Court as a means of confirming arrival at the correct platform Kensington (Olympia) and orientating the customer, by the station position Broadway on the line. Barons Court Bridge

Hammersmith Line and platform messages are separated from the & City Hammersmith East Putney Ravenscourt Park adjoining line diagram by a 3mm light grey line. Wimbledon Park Wimbledon

Turnham Green

Chiswick Park Gunnersbury Gardens Acton Town Richmond Common

Ealing Broadway

Customer journey Contents Back 79 4.4.1 Line diagrams – layout details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

xx3x 1.5x 1.5x

These rules are consistent with other diagrammatic 1.5x material such as car line diagrams and the Tube map. 3x Tower H ill 3x More specific layout and application details are given 3x 1.5x Central in the ‘London Underground journey planner and line 3x Monument Northern diagram standards’. 3x 3x 3x 3x Cannon Street Bakerloo x Northern Charing Cross x 4x Embankment 2x 8x x Victoria Victoria 3x 1.5x 2x Sloane Square High Street Kensington South Kensington Piccadilly

Earl's Court Piccadilly R3x Kensington (Olympia) R3x West Brompton West Kensington Fulham Broadway

Hammersmith & City Piccadilly Hammersmith Wimbledon x = line width x = line width 3x x3x17x x 1 of 2

Customer journey Contents Back 80 4.4.1 Line diagrams – layout details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

xx

Some basic details of geometry lettering and colouring of line diagrams are shown on this page. All measurements are calculated from the width of the line, defined as x. 1.5x R1.5x

0.17x Rx 2x Er

3x

0.66x

0.66x

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Customer journey Contents Back 81 4.5 Platform bifurcation London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The next decision point will generally be between two platforms of a specific line. At this stage, compass direction and platform number will be displayed in addition to the line name and colour band. In all cases, line diagrams must be fitted to allow the customer to make the correct choice. Ideally, opposing line diagrams should be positioned as close as possible, so that customers who are looking for their end destination, can view both signs from one position. Where there is more than one entry point to a line, eg switchable routes or multiple escalators, all access points must have full line diagram signs. On open ‘island’ platforms, free-standing line diagram signs directing to both platforms should be used, which must be orientated to face customers.

Customer journey Contents Back 82 4.6 Emphasis of information London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Not all stations fit the ‘model’ regarding platforming, and the decision en route to the platform may not always follow the sequence described. In the example shown, the two adjacent platforms are for different lines, but the same direction. To mention only the line names would be inadequate in this situation, and it must therefore be established which part of the message should have the greatest emphasis. In this instance, the term ‘Northbound’ is the element to emphasise with the elements and line spacing following the principles already outlined.

Bakerloo line Jubilee line Northbound Northbound platform 9 platform 10

Customer journey Contents Back 83 4.7 Key destinations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

If there is insufficient space for a line diagram at the platform bifurcation point, or the line diagrams cannot be clearly visible, a platform bifurcation sign with key destinations may be used. At stations where directions are not easily understood by compass points, an overhead sign with key destinations may also be used in conjunction with a line diagram for emphasis. Single key destinations should also be used where it may be considered the clearest communication to customers eg ‘’ from Park.

Central line Central line Eastbound platform 1 Westbound platform 2 Stratford Central London

Customer journey Contents Back 84 4.8 Platform confirmation London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Platform entrances are key areas of customer anxiety. Arrival at the platform must always be confirmed by appropriate signing, facing customers at or near the entry point. On tube platforms, this will take the form of a trackplate which is a larger version of the line diagram, following the same map proportions. These signs should be positioned on the trackside walls, slightly offset from each platform entrance to avoid congestion. On platforms with PEDs (platform- edge doors) fitted, these signs may be applied to the inside of the glass, to the same proportions as a line diagram sign, at regular intervals along the platform length.

Customer journey Contents Back 85 4.8.1 Platform confirmation – numbers London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 On open platforms, the platform confirmation should take the form of a suspended sign with line name, E colour strip and platform description as shown in figure 1 On island platforms, line diagrams must D Westbound platform 2 be clearly visible facing customers on entry. On single platforms, where line direction has already been established, a single line diagram should be wall- mounted close to the platform entry point. 2 On platforms where services are not dedicated to specific lines, or more than one platform serves a particular direction eg Earl’s Court, the use of F District line standard platform confirmation signs is very misleading, particularly when customers may be C Platform 2 unaware of another platform serving the same destination sooner. Where platform numbers are displayed on the Dot-Matrix Indicators displays for platform finding, the signing must reflect these priorities. See figure 2 3 Where platform confirmation signs are positioned 15 on columns, or where there are sightline width Platform G 25 restrictions, an upright format sign may be used, 250 omitting the line name/s. See figure 3 2 B

200

Customer journey Contents Back 86 4.9 Special cases London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

From time to time, situations will occur when the signing standards may be inadequate to provide the full level of information required by the customer. This may be due to the operational need of the individual station, or due to a particular event, which may result in a different emphasis in terms of information elements. In such instances, the customer’s interests are primary, and the standards will need to be adapted to suit the individual need of such stations. Such variations can be sanctioned only by London Underground, and all proposed layouts must be submitted and approved prior to implementation. In the example shown, the level of information on the original signs was felt to be appropriate but visually overpowering. To give a clearer emphasis, a new sign layout was created using the platform numbers in a reversed circle, which was also used as a directional Old sign appears cluttered with six lines displayed aid on the below, thus reducing the number of maps required. It is essential in this instance that the numbered circles be consistently used for sign trails throughout the station.

1 of 2

Customer journey Contents Back 87 4.9 Special cases London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Rationalised layout using platform numbers to show direction of travel 2 of 2

Customer journey Contents Back 88 4.10 Train indicators London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Train indicators, although strictly not part of the fixed-sign system, fall into the category of destination information. For details of all real-time information signs, refer to LUL engineering specification.

Customer journey Contents Back 89 5.0 Platform signing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

5.1 Station identification from train Platform signs are those which identify a station to the 5.2 Basic platform roundel considerations customer on arrival by train. These appear on the platform 5.3 Platform and trackside roundel sizes as either wall-mounted or free-standing signs. On platforms which are underground, a smaller version of the platform sign 5.3.1 Frequency/height is also required on the trackside wall. 5.4 Station name sizes 5.5 Types of platform roundel Particularly on walls, they are so closely associated with architectural features, they affect and are affected by 5.6 Roundel clearance their surroundings, although to a lesser extent than is the 5.6.1 Restricted roundel sizes case with external signs, they must also respect historic and 5.7 Existing silhouette roundels special architectural considerations from time to time. 5.8 Frieze – basic considerations However, it should be remembered that their primary function 5.8.1 Frieze – appearance is to inform in a very difficult situation. When a train draws 5.8.2 Incorporating frieze within trucking into a station, there is a very limited amount of time in which 5.9 Interchange information along platforms to recognise the station name, which is always a cause of 5.9.1 Interchange and exit information customer anxiety. 5.9.2 Interchange terminology

Customer journey To print this section print pages 89-106 Contents Back 90 5.1 Station identification from train London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

On platform and trackside walls, standard roundels must be fitted at the correct frequency and height, to enable customers to see the station name clearly from all locations on the train. On all underground platforms a continuous frieze should also be fitted, displaying the station name and directions to the nearest ‘Way out’.

Customer journey Contents Back 91 5.2 Basic platform roundel considerations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

62x

The basic rules for platform roundels follow the principles established in section 1.0. 9x The rules in sections 1.1.3 and 1.2 concerning background areas and background colours are of particular relevance. As with external roundel signs, the preferred version VICTORIA 43x for platforms is a panel sign with a white background of the recommended proportions, which gives a protected area for the roundel. Silhouette versions are also available for use in 10x special circumstances, see section 1.1.2, and in such cases, care should be taken to observe the 53x rules on background colour given in section 1.1.3. 4.5x 4.5x

Customer journey Contents Back 92 5.3 Platform and trackside roundel sizes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1250

Platform, or station name, roundels follow the principles established in section 1.0. The preferred size for a platform roundel is 1250 x 1250mm. A trackside roundel is half the size of the preferred platform roundel. If a roundel of any other VICTORIA 1250 1000 size is used, it must be of the exact proportions VICTORIA established for the basic form of Underground roundel. The preferred sizes for platform and trackside silhouette roundels are 1000mm diameter and 500mm diameter approximately. Frame sections used decrease in steps proportionally to diameter. Centres on all silhouette roundels should be open (as opposed to white), allowing the wall finish to be visible. 625

VICTORIA 625 VICTORIA 500

Customer journey Contents Back 93 5.3.1 Frequency/height London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

5000 min / 15000 max

It will not often be possible to space roundels evenly along the length of a given platform. However, the minimum and maximum distances between VICTORIA 1250 VICTORIA roundels shown on this page should be adhered to, to ensure that sufficient identification of the station name is given without overcrowding the 1200 min / 1350 max platform/trackside walls. Frequency of trackside roundels is easier to maintain Platform level consistently but, even so, minimum and maximum distances have been fixed in order to take into account different tunnel wall construction methods, poster sites etc. Due to the varying height of tube and surface stock, Trackside roundels maximum and minimum heights are given for trackside 4000 min / 7500 max roundels. In practice, roundel height should be based on the rolling stock using the platform, the bottom of the sign aligning to the bottom of the train window. VICTORIA 625 VICTORIA VICTORIA VICTORIA

1850 min / 2050 max

Rail level

Customer journey Contents Back 94 5.4 Station name sizes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The size of the lettering for the station name is determined as shown opposite. The white box defines an area within the bar and the name must never exceed the height or width of this area. Names must appear on one line only. 3.75Y 8.5Y 16Y 3.75Y

3.75Y 3.75Y

KING'S CROSS ST.PANCRAS OVAL

Customer journey Contents Back 95 5.5 Types of platform roundel London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2 Because the nature of the platform environment is so variable, it is not possible to recommend one standard type of platform roundel. Roundels may sometimes be applied to integrated, curved, vitreous enamel wall panels, appear as curved or flat panel signs applied to tunnel walls, or be free- standing on land or open-air platforms. The photographs opposite show the main types of roundel panel sign: 1 Single-sided roundel for flat wall mounting 2 Single-sided curved roundel for mounting on curved walls

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Customer journey Contents Back 96 5.5 Types of platform roundel London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

3 4 3 Double-sided free-standing flanged roundel for open platforms 4 Single-sided silhouette roundel for flat or curved walls 5 Double-sided silhouette roundel for open platforms

5

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Customer journey Contents Back 97 5.6 Roundel clearance London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Although it may not always be possible to position signs in ideal locations, due to architectural or other considerations, certain parameters should be followed as closely as possible. In cases where the roundel is to be applied to existing VICTORIA VICTORIA panels, for example vitreous enamel panels which form an integral part of the wall cladding or glass panels in existing frames, then the minimum distances as established for the panel sign should be respected. This may result in more space above or below, or to either side of the roundel, which should then be visually centred vertically and horizontally in the space available, as shown opposite.

VICTORIA

Customer journey Contents Back 98 5.6.1 Restricted roundel sizes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

One possible justification for use of a silhouette roundel is that in a restricted space situation, for example on a station column, use of the panel version would reduce the size of the roundel itself, and therefore also the size of the station name lettering. VICTORIA VICTORIA

Customer journey Contents Back 99 5.7 Existing silhouette roundels London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

In some cases, roundels appear as integral parts of fixed structures, and to remove or replace them would involve unjustifiable expense. In heritage situations where the colours and lettering are reasonably compatible, it may be judged best simply to renovate the item. It is otherwise required to replace deteriorated or incorrect panels with new ones of the correct style, leaving the framing structure intact, as illustrated opposite.

Customer journey Contents Back 100 5.8 Frieze – basic considerations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The frieze is an important back-up system of station 50 identification, and should be installed at all sub-surface 55 and tube stations. Care must be taken to ensure that its 250 implementation is correct and consistent. The frieze 90 Way out OVAL 90 plate must be 250mm deep, with the graphic elements 55 dimensioned as shown opposite. The frieze run should be fixed at a constant height of 2.2 metres from platform level to the bottom edge. Station names should appear on each full panel. For 50 long station names, to avoid visual confusion, the Equal Equal station names may appear on every other panel. However, where a panel is installed without the station Way out Way out name, the ‘Way out’ patch will remain. OVAL

Where lift access is via a different cross-passage from 2500 the main ‘Way out’, the standard MIP symbols must be displayed adjacent to the ‘Way out’ patch. Such symbols are required only where direction to the lifts deviates 50 from the main ‘Way out’. Equal Equal

Way out KING'S CROSS ST.PANCRAS Way out

50 50 Equal Equal

Way out BANK Way out

Customer journey Contents Back 101 5.8.1 Frieze – appearance London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

A standard panel width of 2.5m has been established In this example the ‘infill’ panels would be blank except which can be used in long runs, with special ‘infill’ for the line colour. panels at either end. Shorter panel widths may be used in exceptional cases, Example: for example on curved platforms. In such cases the Length of run = 21.5m station name and ‘Way out’ patches should be centred Standard length x 8 = 20m within panels as shown. 2 special ‘infill’ panels of 750mm = 1.5m

Way out OVAL Way out OVALWay out OVAL Way out

Way out KING'S CROSS ST.PANCRASWay out Way out KING'S CROSS ST.PANCRAS Way out

Equal Equal Equal Equal

Way out EDGWARE ROADWay out EDGWARE ROADWay out EDGWARE ROAD

Customer journey Contents Back 102 5.8.2 Incorporating frieze within trucking London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where no obstruction, for example ducting, is present, the frieze is normally constructed as a tray section with a return which matches that of the directional and panel roundel signs. The frieze may be used as flat plate only for application to existing ducting. In both cases the finish is vitreous enamel. VICTORIA The frieze depth is always 250mm. Where an existing ducting element is of a greater depth, the frieze is applied to the lower edge.

VICTORIA

VICTORIA

Customer journey Contents Back 103 5.9 Interchange information along platforms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Having alighted from the train, customers should be St. Pancras King's Cross given immediate directions to any interchanges directly Euston Road Victoria line served by the station. The siting of interchange information above the roundel capitalises on the visual focus of the station name, and if applied in a consistent KING'S CROSS ST.PANCRAS Way out manner, will ensure customers know where to look for such information. Where possible the signs should be sited directly above the roundel sign, but where space is insufficient, signing KING'S CROSS ST.PANCRAS may appear above the frieze centred on the station name and of matching width.

TOWER HILL Way out

Fenchurch Street Tower Gateway

TOWER HILL

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Customer journey Contents Back 104 5.9 Interchange information along platforms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The interchange signing follows the graphic principles established in the basic elements section. On platform walls the signing will generally be sited directly above the station name, or above the frieze. In exceptional circumstances, the information may be incorporated into the frieze, such as on the recent Jubilee line stations, where the friezes are illuminated, and signing above would have appeared dark in comparison.

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Customer journey Contents Back 105 5.9.1 Interchange and exit information London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

On open platforms with panel roundels, the interchange Way out information should be integrated into the roundel panel, albeit as an additional area at the top of the sign, the roundel height and background being unaffected. The same principle may be adopted when applying ‘Way GREENFORD out’ information.

Way out

GREENFORD

Customer journey Contents Back 106 5.9.2 Interchange terminology London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2 When directing to interchange facilities other than the other Underground lines, consistent terminology is Liverpool Street National Rail vitally important to ensure customers understand the network being signed. Only core networks should be used on directional signing, as these can be easily 3 4 understood by the customer. Train operating company names should not be used, trains Platforms 7-10 except where direction between operators bifurcates within the station and no alternative exists. The examples opposite show the correct terminology to be adopted for typical interchange situations. 1 If space is limited, the term ‘Station' may be omitted

2 Within a major national railway station Docklands Light Rail LIGHT RAIL Waterloo International ‘National Rail' may be used to differentiate from other rail services 3 In some instances a destination may be more easily understood than the network name 4 Where specific platforms serve the rail network, Buses Trams platform numbers may be the clearest description

Customer journey Contents Back 107 6.0 Exit from platform London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

6.1 Way out from platform At all stations it is essential that during both normal operation 6.2 Way out from platform – Principles and during emergencies, customers can always clearly see the 6.3 Directing to several cross-passages location of the nearest exit (or Emergency exit where present). 6.4 Directions to lifts It is a mandatory requirement at sub-surface stations that all 6.5 Platform to ticket hall platforms must have sufficient illuminated ‘Way out’ signs so 6.6 Maintaining clear sightlines as to be clearly visible from all areas of the platform. While the frieze incorporates ‘Way out’ signing, this is not illuminated and should be thought of as a supplement and not a substitute for projecting illuminated ‘Way out’ signing.

Customer journey To print this section print pages 107-114 Contents Back 108 6.1 Way out from platform London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The ‘Way out’ sign should display only information that is necessary for customers to be guided quickly from the platform. At simple stations, this signing will display a large ‘Way out’ patch only. At interchange stations, even though the route to the interchange facility may be through the same passage from platform, the interchange/s must also be shown on the primary ‘Way out’ signs, ensuring customers do not wrongly believe there may be a separate, dedicated exit point. Where stations have level access to exit or interchange using lifts via a separate exit, this route must be clearly apparent from the main exit point on the platform. Where two separate exits exist from the platform leading to separate street locations, sufficient information must be included on the exit sign to enable customers to make an informed decision, using primary, key, designated street or place names. This is dealt with in more detail in section 8.0, ‘Exit from station’.

Customer journey Contents Back 109 6.2 Way out from platform – principles London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The principal ‘Way out’ indication will normally be by an illuminated sign placed at right angles to the track. Details of this sign are given in section 1.7. The sign may also include directions to other lines. Details of this type of sign are given in section 1.14. Way out When combining other directions, care must be taken to ensure type sizes are visible from correct viewing distances. Generally the ‘Way out’ panel should be B or C size, D size only being used in exceptional circumstances, where several other elements are to be displayed. Where additional directions are combined with the ‘Way out’ panel, these should Central line be placed to the side, to keep the sign to a longer, Way out shallower format, thus helping maintain clear sightlines, refer to section 6.6. Platforms 3 and 4 When smaller type sizes are used, additional repeater signs should be considered at strategic points along the platform. Where overbridges cause obstructions, single-faced signs should be fitted to the sides, aligning the bottom edge. Way out Hammersmith & City Northern line Metropolitan and King's Cross Circle lines St. Pancras Piccadilly line

Customer journey Contents Back 110 6.3 Directing to several cross-passages London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where there are several routes from platform to exits or interchange, these may not be immediately apparent from all areas of the platform. In this instance the junctions between platforms and cross-passages should be treated as decision points between routes, Central line Way out and signing should display both the route served by the cross-passage, and the route to the other cross passage/s further along the platform. This simple principle is demonstrated in the diagram opposite. Passenger flow Passenger flow

Central line Way out Central line Way out

Customer journey Contents Back 111 6.4 Directions to lifts London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where stations have level access between platform and street or interchange, the level access route may deviate from the main route at several points between levels. From platforms, the level access route to the exit or interchange may be via a different cross-passage from the main escalator route, and lift pictograms and directions must be incorporated, with supporting text as required, replaced with 1 and 2 When directing to interchange lines where there is level access only to certain lines, this must be reflected in the signing, the symbols being positioned in association with the accessible line only.

1

No access for wheelchair users Way out Please follow signs to lift

Front

2

Way out

Reverse

Customer journey Contents Back 112 6.5 Platform to ticket hall London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Having left the platform by the correct exit, customers should be able to follow a trail of frequent consistent signs to the exit or interchange line as required. At each decision point en route, clear signing must be present, orientated to face the customer, giving sufficient clear directions to enable correct decisions to be taken, without unnecessary information which may confuse. If the station has only one exit, there is no need to mention the street names at this point, it will merely make the sign layout more cluttered, possibly affecting the text size. All escalators must have clear directions to enable customers to see clearly the areas served without slowing. At each decision point within sub-surface Underground stations, there must be an illuminated ‘Way out’ sign (or Emergency exit where applicable) clearly visible in case of an emergency evacuation. Long interchange subways should also have exit information present in line with the viewing distances established within the basic elements section.

Customer journey Contents Back 113 6.6 Maintaining clear sightlines London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 Underground platforms are an increasingly competitive environment in terms of the signing and equipment necessary for safe operation of the railway. While signing is essential for customers to find their way safely from platforms to the correct exit, or evacuate the station in the event of an emergency, the positions of cameras and platform train indicators must be carefully considered. A hierarchy of platform signing and equipment has been developed, to ensure each element can be positioned within set zones within the platform section, and at set distances depending on height, so as to be visible and operate successfully. Elements such as exit signs are fixed in their position along the platform by the actual location of the exit. Other elements such as train indicators, have more flexibility in their optimum position, and may be resited if clashes Way occur. The diagram on this page indicates the principle out Central line of sightline exclusion zones around signs, which must be maintained when installing or resiting any platform signing or equipment. 1 Exclusion zone for ‘Way out’ sign.

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Customer journey Contents Back 114 6.6 Maintaining clear sightlines London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Typical arrangement Typical arrangement

A table of minimum distances is shown, based on Way out sign EExxcclusionlusion zzoneone DMI foror WayWay outout signsign viewing distance and equipment height from platform. Specified clearance from platform While the minimum headroom shown is below the MinimumMinimum ddistanceistance Sightlines desirable minimum, this can only be used in extreme MDMD Eye level (1.7m) circumstances under a concession from London Headroom Maximum viewing distance Underground. The normal desirable minimum headroom set by end of platform or for platforms is 2.5m. For full details and conditions position of repeater sign refer to the LUL Signing and Equipment Hierarchy Standard E3444. Maximum viewing distance

Table of minimum sign/equipment spacing

Sign height = .35m 3.0 2.1 4.2 6.3 8.5 10.5 13 15 17 19 21 Eye level =1.7m 2.9 2.2 4.5 6.7 9 11 13.5 15 18 20 22 2.8 2.4 4.8 7 9.5 12 14 16.5 19 21 24 2.7 2.6 5 7.5 10 12.5 15.5 18 20.5 23 26 2.6 2.8 5.6 8.4 11 14 16.5 19.5 22 25 28 2.5 36912151821242730 2.4 3.3 6.5 10 13 16.5 20 23 26.5 30 33 2.3

Common headroom inCommon headroom metres 3.6 7.3 11 14.5 18.5 22 25 29 33 37

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Maximum viewing distance in metres 2 of 2

Customer journey Contents Back 115 7.0 Emergency exits London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

7.1 Regulations Regulation 7 of the Fire Precautions (Sub-surface Railway 7.2 Pictograms Stations) Regulations states that: 7.3 Types of emergency sign ‘Every doorway or other exit affording a means of escape 7.4 Combining signs from the station premises in case of fire or giving access to 7.5 Emergency exits for wheelchair users such a means of escape, including the means of exit in 7.6 Switchable exit signs ordinary use by members of the public, shall be distinctively and conspicuously marked by a notice indicating that it is an 7.7 ‘No entry’ signs ordinary means of exit or (as the case may be) an emergency 7.8 Special cases exit from the premises.’ This regulation must be implemented in all London Underground sub-surface stations. To this end all existing ‘Way out’ signing within stations should be retained with the addition of emergency signs as necessary. The different types of emergency sign, with examples of their application, are detailed in this section. When planning signing for any station with emergency exits, the LUL Fire Systems Engineer and the LFEPA must be consulted.

Customer journey To print this section print pages 115-127 Contents Back 116 7.1 Regulations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

‘Emergency exit’ signs must be used only to indicate a designated safe exit. For most exits, standard ‘Way out’ Emergency signs must be used. exit Only designated emergency exits (leading to a safe area) may be marked as such, and normal exits (generally leading to ticket halls) must be signed as ‘Way out’ as they are not deemed a guaranteed ‘safe’ exit. This is outlined in regulation 4 (7) of the Fire Precautions (Sub-surface Railway Stations) Regulations 1989. One of the lessons learnt from the King’s Cross fire is that emergency exits must be separate routes leading to an independent safe area. Normal ‘Way out’ routes must not be signed as emergency exits.

Customer journey Contents Back 117 7.2 Pictograms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Equal

Pictograms serve as recognisable pictorial representations which can make signs more conspicuous and more easily comprehensible, especially by those who cannot read or understand English. All ‘Emergency exit’ signs should carry the approved ‘running man’ pictogram. Equal The specified proportions of this pictogram are fixed. The imagery should not be altered except in size and orientation to fit in with the existing Underground sign system. When combined with directional arrows, the orientation of the pictogram should be altered as illustrated. The pictogram should always be reproduced in Underground green and Underground white. Colour references are given in section 1.2. The Standard LUL ‘running man’ symbol is the British Standard 5499 version.

Customer journey Contents Back 118 7.3 Types of emergency sign London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

5A 11A 13A 16A

The ‘Running man’ pictogram should be combined with an accompanying message and directional arrows within 6A 5A a patch of fixed proportions. The pictogram, lettering 4A 4A Emergency 11A and directional arrows should be Underground white 4A exit reversed out of an Underground green patch. Colour 6A 8A specifications are given in section 1.2. Three types of ‘Emergency exit’ sign are normally used. The message should always be ranged to the pictogram direction, as illustrated. 32

‘Emergency exit’ Emergency exit incorporating emergency lift Signs carrying the message ‘Emergency exit’ should be used to designate a station exit not normallyused as a customer ‘Way out’. Where necessary, additional C Emergency 125 ‘Emergency exit’ (repeater) signs with a directional arrow exit should be installed, to provide a clear and unambiguous 26 route from the point where the ‘Emergency exit’ route deviates from the normal ‘Way out’ route. These signs must be used in conjunction with emergency 32 door signage, refer to section 10.0. From platform level, all ‘Emergency exit’ signs must be illuminated, with the exception of wall-mounted repeater signs. At any decision point an illuminated sign must be used.

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Customer journey Contents Back 119 7.3 Types of emergency sign London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

50

‘Exit only in emergency’ 50 Where passageways are not designated ‘Way out’ routes, but could be used as an exit in the event of Exit only in an emergency, they should be signed ‘Exit only in emergency emergency’. This may be used at the point where Min 50 entry passage joins the platform, in place of ‘No exit’ signs.

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Customer journey Contents Back 120 7.3 Types of emergency sign London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

‘Emergency stairs’ Signs carrying the message ‘Emergency stairs’ should be used to distinguish emergency exit routes which Emergency incorporate stairs not normally used as part of a stairs customer route. All stations equipped with spiral stairs should be signed ‘Emergency stairs’ at the point where the emergency exit deviates from the normal ‘Way out’ route to the bottom of the stairs. A further sign (either ‘Emergency exit’ or ‘Way out’ as appropriate) should be provided at the top of the stairs directing customers out of the station.

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Customer journey Contents Back 121 7.3 Types of emergency sign London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The same rules governing positioning of directional signs apply to emergency signs. To provide guidance within Max 15000 areas not normally used by customers, and give reassurance, emergency exit signs should be repeated at Emergency Emergency minimum distance intervals of 15m. Repeater/reassurance exit exit signs on platforms or exit routes may be non-illuminated, but if the main ‘Way out’/‘Emergency exit’ signs are switchable, the repeater/reassurance signs should be illuminated. When determining the size of an emergency exit sign, a balance should be achieved between optimum legibility and practicality. Available space and combination with Patch size Arrow size CH x existing signs, see section 7.4, will be determining factors B 980 x 240 110 55 40 in many cases. C 735 x 180 83 41 30 The table opposite should be used in conjunction with D 490 x 120 55 28 20 the viewing distance chart, see section 6.6, to determine E 368 x 90 41 21 15 the size of an emergency exit sign patch used within a F 246 x 60 28 14 10 particular station environment. G 185 x 45 21 10 7

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Customer journey Contents Back 122 7.4 Combining signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

50

Emergency exit signs may be combined with other 50 signs only at the point where an emergency exit route Emergency deviates from the normal ‘Way out’ route. exit Signs may be combined in horizontal or vertical format. Min 50 Information on accompanying signs should align as illustrated. In a situation where sign cases to current District and Circle lines standards exist, separate sign cases can be used for Westbound platform 1 emergency signs. When ‘Emergency exit’ and ‘Way out’ signs are combined, they must be switchable, see section 1.11. ‘Running man’ pictograms should not Align be combined with ‘Way out’ patches.

Emergency exit Tower Gateway Align Align baseline of Emergency exit with baseline of type

Emergency Fenchurch Street exit Tower Gateway Align

Align cap height with top of patch

Customer journey Contents Back 123 7.5 Emergency exits for wheelchair users London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where emergency exits have fire-secure lifts and stairs, the signing should be as described in the opening pages Emergency Emergency lift at other of this section, incorporating the running man and exit end of wheelchair symbols. Where there is an emergency lift platform specifically for wheelchair use, but it is accessed from the platform by a separate route from the main Front ‘Emergency exit’, the term ‘Emergency lift’ should be used as required on platform ‘Emergency exit’ signing. Such a route must not be signed using the running man symbol, as this may result in misuse by able-bodied evacuees believing incorrectly that the lift should be Emergency used as the primary evacuation route. Emergency lift exit Where a platform has ‘Emergency exits’ without provision for wheelchair use, wall-mounted notices should be fitted at strategic points along the platform, Reverse with text clearly explaining any emergency procedures.

In an emergency please contact a member of staff or operate a Help point to speak to the supervisor

Customer journey Contents Back 124 7.6 Switchable exit signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

50 Min 50 50

Switchable signs may be used in a variety of modes to 50 indicate status changes in an emergency situation. Emergency Examples are shown of different types of switchable exit Way out sign, with typical positioning within station Min 50 environments. The first example shows a horizontally combined ‘Way out’ and ‘Emergency exit’ sign. ‘Way out’ and 50 Min 50 ‘Emergency exit’ signs should be combined only at the point where an emergency exit route deviates 50 from a normal ‘Way out’ route. In such a case the sign should be switchable in an emergency situation, as Way out shown. The second example shows a vertically 50 combined sign. This arrangement should be used Emergency only where there are space restrictions. exit The third example illustrates the use of a ‘secret’ Min 50 emergency exit sign. Where an ‘Emergency exit’ route leads directly to a ‘down’ escalator, a switchable ‘No entry’/‘Exit in emergency only’ sign should be used. In an emergency situation, provided the escalator has been stopped or reversed, the sign can be switched to ‘Exit only in emergency’ to direct customers to Exit only in an ‘Emergency exit’ or normal ‘Way out’. emergency No entry Where a sign needs to be switchable this can be done locally, but provision must be made for a centrally controlled switching/routing system at stations Switchable signs where an operations room exists, or is planned.

Customer journey Contents Back 125 7.7 ‘No entry’ signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Equal Equal

Emergency ‘No entry’ signs differ in purpose, design and application from normal directional ‘No entry’ signs. x Emergency ‘No entry’ signs have Underground white x lettering reversed out of an Underground safety red patch No entry x of fixed proportions. Reference for these colours can be found in section 1.2. ‘No entry’ signs should be illuminated and switchable. When an ‘Emergency exit’ route leading directly to a normal ‘Way out’ incorporates a ‘down’ escalator, a switchable ‘No entry’/‘Exit only in emergency’ sign should be utilised. This ‘No entry’ sign should be switched to ‘Exit only in emergency’ only when the escalator has been stopped or reversed, in an emergency situation. Exit only in ‘No entry’ signs should be applied in the standard sizes emergency No entry given. The table should be used in conjunction with the viewing distance chart, section 6.6, to determine the correct size within a particular station environment.

Patch size CH x B 980 x 240 110 80 C 735 x 180 83 60 D 490 x 120 55 40 E 368 x 90 41 30 F 246 x 60 28 20 G 185 x 45 21 15

Customer journey Contents Back 126 7.8 Special cases London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

25 12037 100 43 25 25 80 25 65 30 25

Alternative format signs 25 25 10 8 In particular circumstances, an alternative format 37 25 emergency exit sign may be used, for example in 55 160 83 160 cross-passages where a site area is restricted or 49 where line of sight is restricted by columns. The signs 74 21 Exit only in may be used in two standard sizes, as illustrated. 15 emergency 20 These types of sign should be illuminated only when 30 Exit only in 25 it is not possible to position them close to a dual-fed 22 22 emergency 250 x 250 light. The preferred option is for these signs to be 32 21 non-illuminated. 25 350 x 350 Emergency exit repeater/reassurance signs 32 In situations where a site area is restricted, emergency exit signs may be used without the accompanying message, in the standard size illustrated. This sign must be used as a repeater/reassurance sign only between the point where an emergency exit route deviates from 25 120 37 100 43 25 a normal ‘Way out’ route, and the emergency exit itself. 25 10 This type of sign should never be illuminated. 37

Note: Where signs are not illuminated, levels of incident 83 illuminance must be in accordance with LUL’s 160 engineering standards. 60 10 25 350 x 230

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Customer journey Contents Back 127 7.8 Special cases London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

30 120 37 100 83 30

Non-illuminated signs 30 10 In situations where it is not essential to illuminate 37 45 an emergency exit sign, eg a change in passage Emergency 30 direction, a non-illuminated version may be used. 83 160 30 Two standard sizes of non-illuminated sign are exit 30 60 45 available, as illustrated. ‘Emergency exit’ signs at 10 key locations where changes of direction occur, 30 such as on platforms or in major circulating areas, 800 x 240 must be illuminated. Non-illuminated ‘Emergency exit’ signs must not be combined with illuminated ‘Way out’ signs. 3055 65 25 80 30

30 30 8 25 20 Emergency 20 104 55 20 exit 40 30 8 30

580 x 180

All measurements in millimetres.

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Customer journey Contents Back 128 8.0 Exit from station London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

8.1 Exit from station The following sheets should be used as a guide for the correct 8.1.1 Multi-exit stations placement of exit, interchange and landmark information on 8.2 Exit guide layout principles exit signs within Underground ticket halls. Due to the varied complexity of stations and the nature of attractions around 8.3 Signing to bus stops the system, there can be no absolute rules. The fundamental principle of clear, ordered information which is consistent with that shown on LUL vicinity maps and guides, is extremely important for customers to continue their journey effortlessly from the Underground station to their intended destination.

Customer journey To print this section print pages 128-134 Contents Back 129 8.1 Exit from station London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

For all stations, the signing provided at the point of exit to street should display the ‘Way out’ patch (thus completing the trail from platform to street), together with primary street names, landmarks and amenities. The signing should follow the same graphic principles previously described, displaying information in a concise and consistent manner. Where interchange facilities exist, signing should direct to the services in accordance with the Transport for London ‘Interchange Signing Guidelines’. The following pages cover some additional principles which should be adopted when dealing with more complex multi-exit stations, and also how to direct to several bus stops in different directions from the exit.

Customer journey Contents Back 130 8.1.1 Multi-exit stations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

It is crucial that customers are confident, when leaving the station to continue their journey, that they know High Road Way out Buses which exit to use, and which way to continue from the exit. If we used just the primary overhead signing to display all information required, sign layouts would become cluttered and overcomplicated with the volume of information to be displayed, which would reduce type sizes and viewing distances considerably. Street name information one Street name information two To resolve this, we have developed a structure hierarchy Way out Street name information three of exit information, which uses the primary overhead Street name information four Street name information five signing for exit numbers and primary names, backed by associated lists and maps carrying comprehensive information relating to the surrounding area.

Exit 2 Exit 3 Way out Primary name Primary name

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Customer journey Contents Back 131 8.1.1 Multi-exit stations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2 This illustration demonstrates a typical arrangement for exit information at a multi-exit station. Exit guide

I Th Price Waterhouse Cooper London Bridge ame R s CLIN The Golden Hinde (1 London Bridge) City Pier K ST B REET Ship Museum

N H.M.S. The Clink T MO S NT Way out Exit 1 Prison AGU O Belfast C E CL T London Bridge Y AT OO H D L Lond E E The Barrow Boy E Hospital on Bri D Y dge W N N alk

R and Banker S

T A D O The Cotton O U T

L Southwark K Cynthia's Centre

S E

Vinopolis- L E S Cathedral S T N Hay's

T R City of Wine E A Galleria The E L E Southwark Que T N en' H S A Crown Court s Wa B IL ' L lk E L Y E DA L The London A G Borough L T ON H ID Primary exit name E D Dungeon R Market ST O B N London E Post L Bridge B The Britain at E T 1 Office N to , Tower Pier, T REE B War Experience A A Overhead ‘Way out’ signing displaying exit number R L Tower of London, ID B T All Bar GE (under station) S The Design Museum Operating S T N S 3 T A One S & Shad Thames Theatre G R T Beckett House R S O K Museum E T R T M S O U T H WA H S S N Cash Cash Machines T Price I O G . Waterhouse A N Machines O T 1 I O L to Starskey & T Cooper S Hutch Bar H T LONDON E 5 H S Y T O M E BRIDGE S H A W T The Drome ¤ MAG R G S DA 6 (under station) LE E D N E U S S T T N T T E O O E

P Guy's R R Guy's D T T R E E UN Hospital S E

I Hospital Z E

O E F N R R S A T D and primary name A

T C T N U M S I BO 4 A R N T M

E H W I S A M C S A T O E E

M L HGre D E R IO at N R N Yard S G TR ST R ME EE C A T B RM SFIELD R S CHA AI NOW S U C E T P D S City Banking 2 I N EL CT CO F I X L A UR NCP and Centre T Easy-Rent-a-Car B W E

O T R

R C Y W S

K Angel B MO D Pla G E ce S U C

T Y N STREE S I

E T O T

W

R E O

OU

S R C RLOCK ST N

PO R T

N N G

S S U

T R

L O G D ES N R IT

G WH B

L N E A I 2 E S

N L Wall-mounted exit guide, showing selective list of G T E P E I L R K EA TAN THE ET ET Y NER STR E RMA ET STRE E EE RK R T A T T S S T T E Y S E O T ERR R L Leather C 3 T T C landmarks, amenities and bus services Exit 1 Westminster Bridge Westminster Millennium Pier BA 3 Standard printed vicinity map showing London Aquarium to Shakespeare's Globe & G The Gallery of Modern Art Rive D r Tha I Price Waterhouse Cooper London Bridge mes CLIN The Golden Hinde R (1 London Bridge) City Pier K S B TREET Ship Museum Exit 2 N H.M.S. The Clink T MO S NTA Belfast Prison C GUE CL O T London Bridge Y AT OO L H D L ond E o E The Barrow Boy E Hospital n Brid D Y ge W

N N alk R and Banker S

D T O A The Cotton

O U

T L Southwark KE Cynthia's Centre S

Vinopolis- Cathedral L E S S T N Hay's

City of Wine T R T E A Galleria he Q E L E Southwark ue T N en's H S A Crown Court W B IL ' L alk E L Y E DA L The London A G Borough L O H ID E T ND Dungeon R Market ST O B N London E Post The Britain at L EE Bridge T E Office T N to Tower Bridge, Tower Pier, R B War Experience A A comprehensive list of all local amenities RI L Tower of London, DG B T All Bar E (under station) S The Design Museum Operating S T N T A S One S & Shad Thames Theatre G R T Beckett House R S O K Museum E T R S T M Exit 3 O U T H WA S N Cash Cash Machines T Price I O GH . Waterhouse A N Machines O T I O L o Starskey & T Cooper S Hutch Bar H T LONDON E S Y T O M E BRIDGE S HH A W ¤ M T S The Drome AGD R Houses of Parliament A G (under station) LE E D N E U S S T T N T T E O E

O P Guy's R R Guy's D E T T E Hospital E

N R Hospital S Big Ben

IO Z E

E F N R R S A T D

T A O T N U M S I B A R N T M

E H W I S A M C S A T O E E M L HGr D St. Thomas's Hospital E IO ea N R N t Y S GR a TR ST R rd ME EE C A and Bus spider map R T B S M SFIELD R CHA AI SNOW S U C E T PEL CT D C City Banking I F N O I X L A Thames Path UR NCP and Centre T Easy-Rent-a-Car B W ER

O T R

C

S Y W Angel Place B M D K G E S U C N

T Y STREE S I

E T O T O U

W

R E O

O

S R C LOCK ST N

POR R T

N N G

S S U T

D R L O G ES N R IT

G WH B

L N E A I S E

N L G E T P E I Exit 4 L R K E A Y TAN THE ET ET NER STR E RMA ET STRE E EE RK R T T A S T S T T E Bermondsey T Y S E O R R L Leather C ER R ST T P C Bridge Street

S Market

D Y O L E E AM E

AG M R B WALK O IM K T GR A E L O E Tower Bridge PIL N E O M Travel Inn V R T C AN N T I T C E A P H S G O B L E L R A E L E S P L Stop R T A S D R T A Buses towards T E S S E S N to Bermondsey T T T E Antique Market 2 Destination one B Destination two C

Exit 5 Parliament Street The Cenotaph Whitehall Exit 6 1 Downing Street Horse Guards Parade Victoria Street Banqueting House Cabinet War Rooms Central Hall Department of Trade & Industry Middlesex Guildhall 1 Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre 1 Toilet s

3 2

2 1

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Customer journey Contents Back 132 8.2 Exit guide layout principles London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

0.1w 0.8w 0.1w Proportion of visible width 1 Type size D (E for narrow panels) 50 2 TfL style map (same as vicinity map) to show all exit 1 50 Exit guide 2 The Tate Gallery of Modern Art Ri D ver Tha I Price Waterhouse Cooper London Bridge mes points and areas served. Exit numbers shown white CL The Golden Hinde R (1 London Bridge) City Pier IN K ST B REET Ship Museum

N H.M.S. The Clink T MO S NTAG Belfast Prison C UE CL O T London Bridge Y AT OO L H D L ond E E The Barrow Boy E Hospital on Bri D Y dge W N alk

R and Banker N S

T A D O The Cotton O U T

L Southwark K Cynthia's Centre

S E

Vinopolis- L E S Cathedral S T N Hay's City of Wine T R T E A Galleria he Q ET L E Southwark uee on dark blue discs. Bus-stop letters shown white on N n's H S A Crown Court Wal B IL ' L k E L Y E DA L The London A G Borough L T O H ID E ND Dungeon R Market ST E ON B B London E E Post The Britain at L Office Bridge T E War Experience T N to Tower Bridge, Tower Pier, BR A A IDG B L Tower of London, TR3 All Bar E (under station) S The Design Museum Operating S T N S T A One S & Shad Thames Theatre G R T Beckett House R S O K Museum E T R T M O U T H WA H S S Price N Cash O red discs Cash Machines T I 1 . Waterhouse A N Machines O T 5 IG O L o Starskey & T Cooper S Hutch Bar H T LONDON E H S Y T O M E BRIDGE S H A W ¤ M T 6 S The Drome AGD R G (under station) AL E EN E S S T T ND T T E OU O E

P Guy's R R Guy's D E T T R E Hospital E N S

Hospital C E ION ST Z

E F R R A T D

4 T A N U M S I BO A R N T M

E H 3 W M I S C S A T

Flat aluminium frame powder-coated grey EA O E D M L HG E R IO reat N R N Y S G ar TR ST R d ME EE C A T B RM SFIELD R S CHAP AI NOW S 2U C E T D S City Banking I N EL C CO F I X L A T UR NCP and Centre T Easy-Rent-a-Car B W E

O T R

R C Y W S

K Ang B M D el Pla G E ce S U C

T Y N STREE S I

E T O T O U

W

R E O

O

S R C RLOCK ST N

PO R T

4 Encapsulated exit guide N N G

S S U

T R

L O G D ES N R IT

G WH B

L N E A I E S

N L G E T P E I L R K EA TAN THE ET ET Y NER STR E RMA ET STRE E EE RK R T A T T S S T E Bermondsey Y ST E O

Exit 1 Westminster Bridge Westminster Millennium Pier BA London Eye London Aquarium Exit 2 Victoria Embankment 1800mm max Exit 3 Houses of Parliament Big Ben St. Thomas's Hospital Thames Path Exit 4 Bridge Street

Buses towards Stop Destination one B Exit 1 1.5x Destination two C 2x Exit 5 Attraction x Parliament Street x The Cenotaph x Whitehall Attraction x Attraction x Exit 6 Downing Street 3.5x Horse Guards Parade Victoria Street Banqueting House 1.5x Cabinet War Rooms Exit 2 3 Central Hall 2x Department of Trade & Industry x Middlesex Guildhall x Attraction 4 Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre x Attraction Toilet s x = Optimum text size – 10mm x height. Where this cannot be 2x x Buses towards Stop achieved due to panel restrictions of level of information required, 1.5x x 0.5x x Destination one B 2x dia. sizes may proportionally reduce, ensuring alignment and line 1.5x 0.5x spacing is maintained. x Destination two C 2x dia. 600mm max Align

Customer journey Contents Back 133 8.3 Signing to bus stops London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

To ensure visual consistency and a logical information trail when signing to and from bus stops, the following elements should be incorporated within signing at Bus-stop letter Underground exits. Where bus stops are considered to provide a viable interchange service from Underground and rail stations, the bus information should be incorporated within the signing at exit points from the station as shown opposite. Stop name

It is essential that for each bus stop shown, the Direction of travel destination ‘towards’ destinations indicating direction of travel, are identical to those shown on the relevant bus-stop Route served direction panel and distance given. Stop letters must always be shown as white capitals within a red disc. To make it absolutely clear which destination may be reached on foot, and which by bus, the destinations within walking distance should be positioned at the top of the sign panel. In many instances, the sign information will be combined with an illuminated x x x Local attraction Interchange station ‘Way out’ sign. 0.5x 500 yards 300 yards 2x 0.75x x Buses towardsStop Stop Buses towards Where the walking distance is more than 400 yards, 1.5x x Destination one2x B E Destination three this should be clearly indicated in smaller type 1.5x directly below, and added to all other destinations x Destination two C for consistency. In the interest of clarity, distances to bus stops should not be indicated.

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Customer journey Contents Back 134 8.3 Signing to bus stops London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

100 5x

When incorporating directions to bus stops in a 40 2x directional sign, the type sizes of the other elements 40 (D) 2x 30 1.5x Buses 15 (G) 0.75x Towards Stop on the sign must not be compromised by the inclusion 30 1.5x 0.75x 20 (F) x and D 2x of bus directions, which may be several lines. Where 30 1.5x 0.5x 20 (F) x Poplar and Canning Town E 2x 30 1.5x 0.5x this may occur, a single heading ‘Buses’ (with symbol) 20 (F) x , and Stoke Newington F 2x should be used in the same type size as other elements 50 2.5x 20 (F) x Holborn and Oxford Circus G on the sign, with the ‘towards’ destinations and stops 30 1.5x 20 (F) x Charing Cross and T listed directly below in a type size equivalent to 50% of the primary size. This will ensure the term ‘Buses’ is Suggested type size 20mm (‘x' height) 5x visible from a far greater distance, and those who Resultant sizes shown in red 100 require it will approach the sign to read more detailed For stations with multi-exit ticket halls bus information. where LUL type sizes E and D are used for primary directions

Note: Where all bus services are in one direction, only the term ‘Buses’ (with symbol and arrow) should be displayed, without reference to individual stops. Ranged right only: Align Buses Towards Stop Stoke Newington D Charing Cross and Piccadilly Circus E

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Customer journey Contents Back 135 Specific elements London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

9.0 Safety signs

No smoking

10.0 Supplementary signs

11.0 Construction

12.0 Fixing guidelines

Specific elements Contents Back 136 9.0 Safety signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

9.1 Safety signs overview London Underground is legally obliged to comply with 9.2 Fire safety signs current European legislation covering the standardisation 9.3 Prohibition signs of safety signs. No smoking 9.4 Warning signs The following pages provide a visual reference to clarify 9.5 Safe condition signs our responsibilities and ensure compliance. 9.6 Mandatory signs From 1 April 1996 safety signs have been covered by EC Safety Signs Directive 92/58 EEC, to encourage the standardisation of safety signs by the use of common colours and symbols. This is a legal requirement, and not just London Underground policy. The actual regulations issued – Health & Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996, are poorly written and have caused considerable confusion. The symbols featured are not an adequate range, and are graphically inconsistent. It does, however, make it clear in the small print, that symbols shown may be adjusted within reason, and that additional symbols may be used, providing they comply with the principles outlined. Layout rules for all safety signs are detailed in section 10.0.

Specific elements To print this section print pages 136-145 Contents Back 137 9.1 Safety signs overview London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

LUL has a preferred range of standard safety symbols, together with additional symbols specific to the Underground environment, eg escalator safety symbols. These symbols are detailed in the following pages for each sign type. As well as complying with the safety legislation, safety signing in public areas of Underground stations must also comply with LUL corporate standards, as detailed in this document.

Signing in non-public areas The hazards and regulations associated with non-public areas (including depots) are vastly different and therefore, a different approach should be adopted. For economic reasons, it is unreasonable to expect all safety signing to be specially produced to LUL corporate standards. The preferred range of symbols does not cover the full range required for PPE and machinery. It is therefore recommended that off-the-shelf safety signing should be utilised for these areas, for which there are several quality suppliers. Where areas may be subject to visitors from outside parties (eg Training Centres), every effort should be made to provide corporate safety signing.

Specific elements Contents Back 138 9.2 Fire safety signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2 Sign purpose To i ndicate the location of fire fighting equipment.

Intrinsic features Symbol: white symbol on square/rectangular red background. Text (optional): white letters on red background.

Typical messages Fire point, Fire main stop valve, Sprinkler control valve.

Approved LUL symbols The fire safety symbols featured in the Health & Safety 3 4 regulations vary slightly from those indicated, as they are derivative of the 1984 ISO standards. Within public areas the BS 5499 fire safety symbols should always be used, as they are fully compliant and allow the use of text to highlight specific equipment. 1 Fire extinguisher (approved LUL symbol for fire equipment cabinet) 2 Fire hose reel 3 General fire symbol for use with specific text 4 Fire alarm (also used on ‘Help point’ units)

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Specific elements Contents Back 139 9.2 Fire safety signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2 Important note This document details only the graphic principles Sprinkler Sprinkler stop relating to fire safety signing. It must not be used stop valve to specify the actual requirements associated with valve inside the different types of fire fighting equipment. inside Advice on these issues should be sought from the LUL Fire Systems Engineer.

1 Typical door sign 3 4 2 Sign showing only text is non-compliant and must be replaced Fire Fire 3 Suspended illuminated sign with modified glass point equipment panel incorporating symbols 4 Sign showing only text is non-compliant and must be replaced 5 Revised format illuminated fire equipment sign, for 5 use at new installations. Layout rules for all safety signs are detailed in section 10.0.

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Specific elements Contents Back 140 9.3 Prohibition signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2 Sign purpose To i ndicate that certain actions are prohibited ie MUST NOT DO.

Intrinsic features Symbol: red circular band with diagonal bar through black symbol. Text (optional): white letters on red background.

Typical messages No smoking, No entry and Do not pass this point.

Approved LUL symbols 3 4 The symbols shown are those used in public areas. Within staff areas and depots the full range of BS symbols should be used as required. 1 No smoking 2 No entry, Do not pass 3 General prohibition (eg No busking) 4 LUL dot-matrix ‘Do not enter’ symbol, refer to section 10.14.

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Specific elements Contents Back 141 9.3 Prohibition signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2

1 Typical wall-mounted sign 2 While the symbol is correct, the blue text background is non-compliant 3 Typical door sign 4 Signs showing only text are non-compliant and must be replaced Layout rules for all safety signs are detailed in section 10.0. No smoking No smoking

3 4

No smoking No smoking

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Specific elements Contents Back 142 9.4 Warning signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2 Sign purpose To i ndicate the presence of hazards.

Intrinsic features Symbol: yellow triangle with black border and symbol. Text (optional): black letters on yellow background.

Typical messages Danger – High voltage Caution – Mind your head 3 4 Caution – Door opens onto passenger concourse Approved LUL symbols Danger DANGER High voltage The symbols shown are those used in public areas. HIGH VOLTAGE Within staff areas and depots the full range of BS symbols should be used as required. Layout rules for all safety signs are detailed in section 10.0. Caution Mind your head ! CAUTION MIND YOUR HEAD

Specific elements Contents Back 143 9.5 Safe condition signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2 Sign purpose To i ndicate the location of emergency facilities (non-fire fighting).

Intrinsic features Symbol: white symbol on green square. Text (optional): white letters on green background.

Typical messages First aid, Stretcher, Staff assembly point (SAP). 3 Approved LUL symbols The symbol shown is used in public areas. Within staff areas and depots the full range of BS symbols should be used as required (eg eyewash, drinking water). First aid 1 First aid equipment 2 Emergency phone 3 Signs showing only text are non-compliant and must be replaced Layout rules for all safety signs are detailed in section First aid 10.0.

Specific elements Contents Back 144 9.6 Mandatory signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2 3 Sign purpose To i ndicate that a specific course of action must be taken, ie MUST DO. Specimen safety Intrinsic features message Symbol: white symbol on Underground light blue circle. Text (optional): white letters on light blue background.

Typical messages Fire door keep shut, Keep clear, Report to.

Standard symbols 4 5 The symbols shown are those used in public areas. Within staff areas and depots the full range of BS symbols should be used as required (eg wear protective clothing, turn off lights).

Additional LUL symbols The symbols shown are those used on escalator signs to accompany the mandatory instructions. These are fully compliant with the safety regulations. 1 General mandatory symbol accompanying text message 2 General mandatory symbol to contain text message 3 Hold handrail, keep clear of edges 4 Dogs must be carried 5 Keep a firm hold of children 1 of 2

Specific elements Contents Back 145 9.6 Mandatory signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1

1 Typical mandatory message 2 Standard blue-spot door notices are fully compliant Keep these with the statutory regulations. However, in public gates clear areas they should be used instead of standard LUL door signs only on panel doors, where space is at all times constrained 3 While this sign is laid out to corporate standards, 2 impact is lost in not complying with safety standards Layout rules for all safety signs are detailed in section 10.0. Fire door Keep shut

3 Keep these gates clear at all times

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Specific elements Contents Back 146 10.0 Supplementary signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

10.1 Supplementary signs Supplementary signs can be distinguished from directional 10.2 Sign wording signing in that they do not convey route information. 10.3 Panel sizes Supplementary signs regulate the actions of both customers 10.4 Typeface and staff to ensure that stations function as safely and as 10.5 Type size and emphasis efficiently as possible. 10.6 Line spacing 10.7 Borders 10.8 Margins 10.9 Margins on signs with pictograms 10.10 Combining signs 10.11 Door signs 10.12 Rendezvous points and assembly points 10.13 Fixing of sign panels 10.14 Emergency – Do not enter 10.15 Fire equipment signs 10.16 ‘Help point’ signs 10.17 CCTV signs 10.18 Lift signs 10.19 Car park signs

Specific elements To print this section print pages 146-186 Contents Back 147 10.1 Supplementary signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Station interiors are busy environments with many visual distractions. Consistent signing is therefore vital to ensure instant recognition. Luggage Flexibility is essential. The signing system must accommodate a wide variety of messages and must communicate them quickly and clearly under difficult conditions.

Danger High voltage

When this gate is closed please use the other entrance

Specific elements Contents Back 148 10.2 Sign wording London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

All messages should be clear and concise. Punctuation should be used only when absolutely necessary, and Emergency button only essential information should be included, to ensure speed of comprehension and economical Press to stop train use of space. Consistency in the vocabulary and structure of the message is essential in aiding quick recognition and reinforcing the impression of an effective, thorough system. Emergency button Sign messages can be divided into six basic categories, to match the notice types as detailed in this section. A further safety feature has Messages should be written to convey the notice been incorporated on the category. Victoria line 1. Mandatory messages should convey regulatory safety directives from London Underground to Above this notice is a small passengers and staff. They should be positive in nature. yellow panel containing 2. Prohibition messages are negative in nature a button and may use directives such as ‘Do not…’, ‘No admittance’ and ‘No smoking’. In case of emergency press 3. Safe condition messages should convey concise it and the train will instantly instructional information, positive in nature. They stop may use the term ‘Emergency’. Safe condition messages can also be used to mark the position of safety equipment. 1 of 2

Specific elements Contents Back 149 10.2 Sign wording London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

4. Warning messages are negative in nature but should not use negative directives such as ‘Do not…’. They Dogs must be carried No smoking may refer to ‘Danger’. Mandatory Prohibition 5. Fire safety messages should indicate the presence of fire equipment. 6. Passenger information messages should offer only passenger convenience and non-safety regulatory information, or be used to label relevant station areas, but not safety equipment. Fire extinguisher Litter Two type sizes may be used when there are two distinct Fire safety Passenger information levels of information. This is especially the case with safety signs, where information such as Danger or First aid needs to be particularly visible. Secondary information should be in a smaller size so as not to distract from it. If there appears to be the need for a third type size, this is usually an indication that Danger First aid unnecessary details are being included, unless the High voltage Safe condition message is particularly long as in, for example, some car park signs. See section 10.19. Warning New Johnston Bold should be used sparingly for emphasis within text, and should not be used for the main message or to create a heading. Foreign language translations should not be used on notices.

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Specific elements Contents Back 150 10.3 Panel sizes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The panels of the supplementary signs system are based on a 25 x 25mm grid. Exceptions are door signs 175x75 225x75 325x75 (see section 10.11) and those cases when features such as frames dictate the size of the panel. The choice of format, either vertical or horizontal, and the choice 175x100 225x100 325x125 of panel size depend on the following.

• Lettering size for optimum legibility

• Length of message(s) to be contained 175x125 225x150 325x175 • Architectural considerations, for example space available, surface decoration and so on

• Juxtaposition with other signs 175x225 225x275 Some scaled-down examples of preferred panel sizes superimposed over the grid are shown on this page. When combining signs, the individual signs do not need to conform to the 25 x 25mm grid as long as the entire panel does so. 175x250 460x130

185x185

All measurements are in millimetres

Specific elements Contents Back 151 10.4 Typeface London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The typeface used for all supplementary signing is New Johnston Medium. New Johnston Bold may be used ABCDEFGHIJKLM sparingly for emphasis within the text but must not be used for the main message or to create a heading. NOPQRSTUVWXYZ Upper and lower case must always be used. Capitals must never be used alone and initial capitals may be abcdefghijklmnop used only at the beginning of a sentence or for proper nouns. qrstuvwxyz 1234567890£/.,‘'():; New Johnston Medium

ABCDEFGHIJKLM NOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnop qrstuvwxyz 1234567890£/.,‘'():; New Johnston Bold

Specific elements Contents Back 152 10.5 Type size and emphasis London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The type size used for any supplementary sign will When this gate is depend on the viewing distance. See section 1.3.2. Station The minimum type size should be a cap height of closed please use 8mm. Larger sizes may be used, increasing in the other entrance increments of 2mm. Door signs are an exception car park to this rule. See section 10.11. Secondary information should be set to a cap height Cars and motorcycles of 0.7 of the main message. No more than two sizes of with sidecars type should normally be used in the same notice. If it Intervention is absolutely necessary to use a third size of type, it 50p per day should be set to a cap height of 0.5 of the main message. shaft Pay to exit – machine accepts 10p coins only In emergency Overnight charge £1.00 telephone 020 7240 1088 Solo motorcycles mopeds and scooters No charge Must not be ridden over rising kerbs at entrance

Specific elements Contents Back 153 10.6 Line spacing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

To achieve the correct line spacing, the ‘x’ height of the x lower-case letter must be used as the normal space When this gate is x between two lines of type of equal size. When using closed please use x more than one size of type, the ‘x’ height of the larger x type size should be used to separate the larger size the other entrance x from the smaller.

x Intervention x shaft x 1.5x x In emergency x x telephone x 020 7240 1088 x

x = x height of largest lettering

x = x height of secondary lettering

x = x height of smallest lettering

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Specific elements Contents Back 154 10.6 Line spacing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

An extra line space equal to the appropriate x value should be used to separate paragraphs of text. Station x When there is more than one paragraph in a single x message, a heading should be followed by a space car park x of 1.5 times its ‘x’ height to balance the line spacing 1.5x throughout the message. x Cars and motorcycles x with sidecars x 1.5x 50p per day x 2x x Pay to exit – machine x accepts 10p coins only x 2x Overnight charge £1.00 x 1.5x x Solo motorcycles x mopeds and scooters x 1.5x No charge x 2x x Must not be ridden over x rising kerbs at entrance x

x = x height of largest lettering x = x height of secondary lettering x = x height of smallest lettering 2 of 2

Specific elements Contents Back 155 10.7 Borders London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1

Every supplementary sign panel which does not 2mm incorporate a structural frame, should have a surrounding border. R 2mm Borders on panels measuring less than 625cm2 should measure 2mm in width with radius corners of 2mm. Panels measuring between 625cm2 and 1600cm2 have 2 borders measuring 4mm with 4mm radius corners. 4mm Panels measuring more than 1600cm2 have borders of 5mm with 5mm radius corners. R 4mm When a supplementary sign incorporates a structural frame no border is used. See section 11.0.

2 1 Panels less than 625cm 3 2 Panels between 625cm2 and 1600cm2 5mm 3 Panels more than 1600cm2 4 Panels with structural frame R 5mm

4

Specific elements Contents Back 156 10.8 Margins London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

B B 2x Min 3x

Text is always ranged left.The left-hand margin is equal B 1.5x to 2 times the x height of the largest type. When this gate is The top margin is equal to 1.5x and the right-hand closed please use margin a minimum of 3x. The bottom margin is a the other entrance minimum of 2x measured to the baseline of the Min 2x last line of type. Both of these margins may be B larger than the required minimum in order to achieve greater uniformity of size of notice. BB 1.5x Min 1.5x B For door signs and car park notices see sections 10.11 1.5x and 10.19 respectively. Used tickets Min1.5x B

B B 2x Min 3x

B 1.5x Tickets If you cannot obtain your ticket from this machine go to the ticket window Min 2x B

x = x h eight of largest lettering B = calculated border depth

Specific elements Contents Back 157 10.9 Margins on signs with pictograms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

It is important to remember that for people who do not read English, a pictogram may be the only part of a sign that they can understand. It is therefore essential, Danger especially with safety signs, that the pictogram is High voltage treated as equally important as the text, and not simply as a means of emphasising it. Pictograms come in a variety of shapes, so for the purpose of establishing a standard, margins are measured from an imaginary square field indicated by the dotted lines in the diagrams of this page. Many pictograms will fill the field so that they are touching all four sides. Those that are narrower should be centred Danger vertically. Those that are shorter than the height of the High voltage field should be aligned with the top edge. Although the size of the square field will vary with the panel size and the length of the message, the proportion of the field in relation to the margins around it will remain constant. The size of pictogram used is dependent upon the type size and length of the accompanying sign message. When deciding sign size, the viewing distance chart in Danger High voltage section 1.3.2 should be consulted to determine size of type. The pictogram should then be visually matched in size, taking into account the type size and length of the accompanying message.

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Specific elements Contents Back 158 10.9 Margins on signs with pictograms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Horizontal format 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A +B +B Min 1.5x+B Pictograms are placed on the left of the notice. They are positioned in this area incorporating the illustrated 10A margins. The text is positioned within a colour block to the right of the pictogram as shown. 1.5A+B 1.5x+B On notices with only one line of type, the pictogram Danger should be visually centred on the depth of the type. 10A High voltage Margins within the notice are based on a combination of measurements taken from the type size, expressed Min 1.5x+B in terms of the ‘x’ height and the largest dimension of Min 1.5A+B the pictogram, expressed in terms of A. Where margins are expressed in terms of both x and A, the largest calculated measurement should be taken. 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A Min 1.5 +B +B +B Door signs follow slightly different rules concerning layout, see section 10.11. 10A

1.5A+B 1.5x+B 10A No smoking Min 1.5x+B Min 1.5A+B

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Specific elements Contents Back 159 10.9 Margins on signs with pictograms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Vertical format A+B A+B A+B A+B On vertical panels the pictogram is always placed 10A 10A above the message. The text is positioned within a colour block incorporating the illustrated margins. A+B A+B There should be a margin of A between the bottom of the pictogram and the top of the colour block. When there is more than one line of text, it should 10A be set ranged left and then the text block should be centred. A+B 1.5x A+B Danger 1.5x+B High voltage No smoking Min 1.5x+B Min 1.5x+B

Min Min A+B A+B Min A+B Min A+B

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Specific elements Contents Back 160 10.10 Combining signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Rules for combined signs are generally the same as those for individual signs, but some adjustments must be No smoking made to ensure that the signs are as consistent and as clear as possible. Different signs may be combined on one panel to create Danger horizontal and vertical formats. Notices with pictograms High voltage arranged vertically may be placed side by side to create No smoking a combined sign. Individual horizontal notices may be arranged one above the other to create a combined sign. Where a combined sign incorporates pictograms, they must always appear to be the same size. Colour text blocks accompanying pictograms should be aligned on combined signs as indicated.

No smoking Danger Danger High voltage High voltage

Danger No smoking High voltage

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Specific elements Contents Back 161 10.10 Combining signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Horizontal format B In order to combine individual signs with pictograms 2A 2A +B 10A 2A 2A 10A +B to create a horizontal format, the margin around the square field must be adjusted. The top margin remains A+B one times the width of the pictogram (10A), but the side margins are enlarged to 2A so that the pictogram is proportionally smaller. 10A Individual elements in a combined sign must be the same size. No more than two type sizes may be used. A+B Text should be centred below the pictograms within 1.5x colour blocks in the same way as it is on individual signs, No smoking Danger using the same minimum margins. Messages with Min 1.5x+B High voltage pictograms should share the same beginning baseline, Min 1.5x+B and this baseline should be defined by the largest type Min Min size used. 2A A+B When including a notice without a pictogram, the top Min 2A+B Min 2A B of the first line of text should be aligned with the top of the pictogram. The left margin is A and the right and bottom margins are a minimum of A.

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Specific elements Contents Back 162 10.10 Combining signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Min 1.5x+B Vertical format 1.5x+B When combining signs with pictograms, the same rules Please stand used in creating individual notices apply. Pictograms on the right must be the same size and equally spaced within the sign Min 1.5x B panel, individual sign messages should be on the same 1.5A+B 1.5x size colour block whenever possible. Hold the handrail 10A Keep clear When including notices without pictograms, the text of the edges 1.5x should be aligned with the left side of the square field. Min 1.5A+B B 1.5x The top, bottom and right-hand margins are the same Hold children 10A as those signs with pictograms. firmly Min 1.5x On combined sign panels which do not include Min 1.5A+B B 1.5x pictograms, the rules for top and bottom margins Dogs must on individual notices still apply. The left and right-hand 10A be carried margins should be defined by the largest type size Min 1.5x and should be shared by all the signs in the combined Min 1.5A+B B Min 1.5x notice. 10A No smoking Min 1.5x Min 1.5A+B B

10A 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A Min 1.5x +B +B +B

x = x height of largest type size x = x height of secondary type size 10A = largest pictogram dimension B = calculated border depth 3 of 3

Specific elements Contents Back 163 10.11 Door signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

2 2 16 Min 1.5x

For absolute consistency, door signs follow a slightly 2 different set of rules than other supplementary signs. 16 Door signs may indicate the following information: x Message • Function of room or doorway displayed as coded Min 1.5x information in public areas 2 • Occupant’s title

• People authorised to enter 7.5 7.5 2 • Number and level 50 10 Min 1.5x • Specific mandatory and safety information 2 Door signs conform to a standard length 225mm sign 7.5 Min x panel, with a depth of 50mm increasing in increments (equal) of 15mm to a maximum depth of 125mm. Two line x 50 x Type sizes Secondary sizes x CH x CH x message Min x (equal) E41 30 28 20 7.5 2 F28 20 21 15 225 x 65mm sign with message G21 15 16 12 centred on depth of pictogram 16 12 12 9 12 9 10 7 10 7 8 5.5

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Specific elements Contents Back 164 10.11 Door signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

7.5 7.5 2 50 10 Min 1.5x

2 The standard set of type sizes listed in the table on the 7.5 5.5 previous page may be used for door sign messages. CH Where large sizes are required, standard direction sign Message type sizes may be used, as detailed in section 1.3.2. 50 Type sizes below 10mm cap height should be avoided. x Secondary x All non-safety-related signing should use a standard x 16mm cap height message. Accompanying secondary Min 7.5 message messages should be in 12mm cap height type. The sign Min x 2 message has fixed top and left side margins as illustrated, this ensures alignment when signs are Sign larger than 225 x 65mm with message aligned with top combined. of pictogram All door signs have a 2mm Underground white border. Safety-related signs may use larger type sizes and incorporate a standard 50mm pictogram. Only approved Underground pictograms may be used on safety signs, see section 9.0. CH CH = cap height Pictograms should be positioned on signs as illustrated, x x = x height of largest type size with fixed top, left and right margins. The message on x x = x height of secondary type size standard 225 x 65mm sign panels should be centred on the depth of the pictogram field. Messages on sign panels greater than 65mm depth should be aligned with the top of the pictogram, as illustrated.

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Specific elements Contents Back 165 10.11 Door signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

22 2 61 10 1

1 All door signs within public areas should display the 2 12 standard door code in Underground white type, horizontally centred within a 61mm Underground dark 16 CER Private blue box. These signs should carry the message ‘Private’ in 16mm cap height type, as shown. Door signs within non-public areas should show the Standard door sign within public areas room function with box and code omitted. Door signs are Underground dark blue, with the type and border in Underground white. Mandatory and safety-related door signs follow the same rules for 22 colour as other supplementary signs. Reference for 14.5 40 14.5 these colours can be found in section 1.2. 2 2 Station area ID codes 4 2 Door and level numbers are on a separate sign panel of the size and layout illustrated. These signs should be 15 positioned 50mm from the top left-hand corner of all 3 2 2 doors, as shown. 3

15

4 672 2 Standard door and level number sign

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Specific elements Contents Back 166 10.11 Door signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

50

When door signs are combined they should be stacked 50 3 in vertical alignment, and horizontally centred within 672 the door width. Fire safety signs should be positioned at a fixed height of 1.6m. All other signs should be positioned 1.3m Sprinkler stop valve above floor level, as illustrated. When signs are inside combined, a gap of 10mm should be left between signs, as shown.

Fire door Door signs should be positioned in the following keep shut order, top to bottom: UTS Private

• Fire safety

• Prohibition warning

• Safe condition

• Mandatory information 1600

1300

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Specific elements Contents Back 167 10.11 Door signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 2 3 4

1 On panel doors, ensure signs are not fitted within actual panels unless absolutely necessary 2 Where vision panels are fitted, a clear space of 50mm should be left around the glazing frame 3 Where vision panels dictate the signs should be to one side, try to align elements vertically centred within remaining space 4 For double doors, signs should be fitted to right- hand door only, unless specified.

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Specific elements Contents Back 168 10.12 Rendezvous points and assembly points London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

22 64 232

Rendezvous points are designated areas, within which 2 the emergency services will assemble in an emergency 47 situation. A sign should be displayed carrying the message ‘RVP’. 60 Staff assembly points are designated areas within which RVP Underground staff will assemble in an emergency 64 situation, and a sign should be displayed carrying the 2 message ‘SAP’. Neither sign forms part of the passenger information system and should not be combined with other signs, utilise directional arrows or be illuminated. 22 Their positioning should be restricted to the immediate vicinity of the designated area. Rendezvous and assembly 64 232 point signs follow the same layout rules as supplementary 2 signs. They are of a fixed size as illustrated. 47 SAP 60 64 2

Specific elements Contents Back 169 10.13 Fixing of sign panels London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 10 2 8

Signs should be fixed using screws only when absolutely 10 8 necessary. 5 4 Holes may be drilled in sign panels when it is necessary to fix them to station walls and doors using screws. A 2 Footpa 4mm hole may be drilled in sign panels less than 625cm Litter and a 5mm hole may be drilled in sign panels greater than 625cm2. The holes should be positioned Not suitab incorporating the illustrated margins. A hole should be drilled in each of the four corners. The margins around pictograms and text may be increased to prevent holes obscuring imagery or lettering. Round-head screws should be used to fix signs. Where practical, screw heads should be painted to match the sign colouring. 1 Signs greater than 625cm2 2 Signs less than 625cm2.

All measurements are in millimetres

Specific elements Contents Back 170 10.14 Emergency – Do not enter London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The function of the ‘Emergency – Do not enter’ sign (EDNE), is to deter customers from entering a station during or after an emergency evacuation. The signs display both text and symbol using fibre-optic studs so as to be clearly visible even under smoke conditions, coupled with flashing yellow halogen and an integral siren. These signs must be operated only during an emergency, unless formal agreement exists with the LFEPA and the LUL Fire Systems Engineer. Within the Fennel Report following the King’s Cross fire, it was recommended that such signs be fitted at all entrances to sub-surface stations where staff could not immediately attend in the event of an emergency. The use of fibre-optic legend, flashing light and sounders was tested and approved by London Underground and the LFEPA. The sign format was reviewed in the light of the 1996 Safety Signs & Signals Legislation, which called for the use of international pictogram symbols to be displayed on all safety signs. A variation on the standard ‘hand’ symbol was developed with the LFEPA for specific use on fibre-optic EDNE signs on both Underground and some rail stations. No other symbol may be used.

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Specific elements Contents Back 171 10.14 Emergency – Do not enter London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 1250 The following illustrations show three common formats adopted, which are sized to suit the fluorescent lamp lengths. Other sizes may be considered, providing the 300 Emergency graphic panel layouts are consistent, and the flashing Do not enter halogen lamps are immediately adjacent to the text/symbol panel. Sign casing should be black, so as to be discreet under normal conditions. 1500 Symbol and lettering 2 The symbol is made up as a grid of 4mm-diameter polyester fibre-optic studs at 4mm centres. Red studs are used for the ring and bar, with white studs being 300 Emergency Do not enter used for the background. No studs are used for the hand symbol so as to appear black unlit. Layouts for this symbol are available from the TfL Signs Unit. The text is made up of 3mm-diameter red fibre-optic 1800 studs at 4mm centres, which are centred on the 3 letter outlines. Lamps Four halogen lamps must be fitted behind apertures in 300 Emergency Do not enter the front face with yellow glass filters. These should flash in pairs alternately on each corner of the front panel. 1 Panel size 850 x 210mm for use with 900mm lamps 2 Panel size 1190 x 210mm for use with 1200mm lamps 3 Panel size 1490 x 210mm for use with 1500mm lamps 2 of 3

Specific elements Contents Back 172 10.14 Emergency – Do not enter London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Sounders There shall be two levels of electronic sounder, the loudness being 110dB for 90 seconds, then automatically reverting to 90dB. The frequency must be checked and adjusted so it is not confused with the Fire Brigade personnel operating bleepers. Control mechanism The signs must be connected to a protected UPS supply, and be automatically operated from either:

• Stage 2 fire alarm signal

• Designated switching point – usually within operations room For full details refer to the LUL Fire Systems Engineer’s Standards.

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Specific elements Contents Back 173 10.15 Fire equipment signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Fire equipment signs indicate the position of fire cabinets to staff and fire services within stations. Where cabinets contain fire hydrants or hosereels, they must display an overhead illuminated sign displaying the standard LUL ‘extinguisher’ symbol as agreed between LUL and the LFEPA. No other fire symbol should be used to represent fire equipment cabinets in Underground areas, unless formally agreed with LUL and the LFEPA. Where a fire cabinet contains extinguishers but no hosereel and hydrant, a standard, unlit, wall-mounted extinguisher sign must be fitted directly above. If, however, this is the only fire point serving an entire platform (no hydrant or hosereel present), this must also have an illuminated sign above. Illuminated fire equipment signs should not be used in conjunction with unlit, wall-mounted signs. There are three standard types of illuminated sign, the type used depending on the fire equipment location and viewing angle. For platforms, the square format sign should be used, positioned directly in line with the fire equipment cabinet, orientated to face along the platform. Where the equipment cabinet is set back from the platform, or in a cross-passage close to the platform, the directional version with arrow should be fitted. In ticket halls and open areas where the sign may be viewed at a distance from several angles, the wall-mounted triangular version should be used. 1 of 2

Specific elements Contents Back 174 10.15 Fire equipment signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

300 1 2 550

1 Standard square, illuminated, fire equipment sign. 50 50 Sign may be single or double-sided, top or side-fixed 2 Standard directional, illuminated, fire equipment sign. Sign may be single or double-sided, top or 200 200 side-fixed. When hung from a ceiling, signs should have a single suspension strut

3 Standard triangular, illuminated, fire equipment 50 50 sign, for wall mounting only. This type of sign should not be used in platform areas 50200 50 50200 50 200 50 4 Standard extinguisher point sign. Unlit flat sign to be fixed to walls over groups of fire extinguishers or fire cabinets where no hydrant or hosereel is present

200 3 4

Fire 150 point 200

340

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Specific elements Contents Back 175 10.16 Help point signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

170

Passenger ‘Help points’ are fitted at strategic points 10 within all stations, and contain call buttons for Fire, Emergency and Information functions. The unit displays the standard symbols for each function, together with 10 10 10 10 150 a function/operation description. 150 150 150 ‘Help point’ signs indicate the position of passenger 10 10 help points where they may be difficult for customers to see due to the distance along a platform, or due to other factors obstructing the clear view of the unit. 170 150 490 150 They are not a mandatory item, and where a ‘Help point’ is fixed directly facing customers in close proximity, say in a concourse at the bottom of escalators, signing 10 10 is not necessary. 490 150

10

150 10 10

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Specific elements Contents Back 176 10.16 Help point signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

10 10 10 10 150 150 150

Where signing is deemed appropriate, the signs should 10 be fitted directly in line with and above the ‘Help point’ unit, as close to the platform wall as possible. There are two formats, combining the symbols 150 horizontally or vertically, to best suit viewing and fixing conditions. Where possible, the horizontal version 250 should be used. 30 If the ‘Help point’ unit is within a cross-passage, or set 30 well back from the platform wall behind columns, a Help point directional version with arrow and text should be used in place of the sign above (both signs should not be used together). 490 5 radius corners on symbols

Help point

Help point

Text is centred within panel width 2 of 3

Specific elements Contents Back 177 10.16 Help point signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

250

All ‘Help points’ and fire call points, regardless of how visible, require an additional standard emergency procedure notice (as illustrated), which must be fitted 65 to the wall directly above or adjacent to the unit.

25 If you see fire or smoke 12 cap 25 1. Operate the fire alarm. No sound 8 cap 250 will be heard but the Fire Brigade 42 will be called. 2. Tell any staff member the location 8 cap 30 of fire or smoke. 3. Follow instructions from staff 8 cap or emergency services. 38 Do not take any risks 12 cap

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Specific elements Contents Back 178 10.17 CCTV signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

300 1 Where CCTV is in operation at stations, standard CCTV signs should be fitted at strategic points within the station. They have two primary functions: firstly they CCTV cameras reassure customers that they are in a safe and secure in operation environment, and secondly they deter would-be offenders from committing criminal acts such as theft This scheme is controlled 160 or assault. by London Underground There is also a requirement under the Data Protection For further information UNDERGROUND Act to display clear notices at the entrances to zones contact 020 0000 0000 under camera surveillance, detailing who is operating the monitoring system, and a contact number for those being recorded to gain access to the recordings, which is 300 their statutory right. Signsmust be concise and display 2 only the elements detailed. As the signsuse a camera pictogram, there is no requirement to state that images are being monitored or recorded. CCTV cameras There are two versions which may be used, depending on how the scheme is being operated1 The standard in operation version displays the TfL camera pictogram with text This scheme is controlled 160 and contact number as legally required, the roundel by London Underground and information symbols being used purely for clarity. UNDERGROUND For further information

Working in partnership contact 020 0000 0000

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Specific elements Contents Back 179 10.17 CCTV signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

300 2 Where schemes are being run on a partnership basis, a second symbol may be used alongside the roundel (dropping the information symbol), supported by the CCTV cameras text Working in partnership in LUL typeface. Only in operation one additional symbol should be used, and it must be noted that only one controlling party and contact This scheme is controlled 160 phone number may be displayed 2 by London Underground

UNDERGROUND For further information Positioning CCTV signs contact 020 0000 0000 The CCTV signs should be fitted at either side of each Working in partnership station entrance, preferably orientated to face customers, or on the entrance sides if there is insufficient space. As well as at station entrances, the signs should be fitted at strategic key points within the station. They should also be fitted on all platforms, on either side of each main exit point from the platform. Within large ticket halls, the signs should also be fitted so as to be clearly visible when passing through the exit gates. They are not required at each camera point, and where additional signs are seen as a requirement, eg due to high crime levels, care should be taken not to use too many signs, as this may lead to the area appearing hostile and increase customer anxiety.

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Specific elements Contents Back 180 10.18 Lift signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 Where stations have several lifts providing level access to more than one line or mode, it is extremely confusing to customers as to which lift to use, whether the lift Westminster Station Lifts will take them to their required destination point, or there will be additional lifts to use en route. In such cases a combination of lift coding on primary signs, Street level and schematic diagrams at, and within the lifts, Lift should be used. You are here A

1 At the lift call point, the sign should be positioned Ticket hall level directly above or adjacent to the lift button and Lift Lift show a ‘You are here’ indication as shown. B C District and Circle lines District and Circle lines Eastbound platform 2 Westbound platform 1 Lift D Jubilee line Eastbound platform 3 Lift D Jubilee line Westbound platform 4

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Specific elements Contents Back 181 10.18 Lift signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

2 At station with complex lift arrangements. Lifts should be coded in a logical order top to bottom by letter, as the use of numbers would cause confusion Westminster Station Lifts in relation to platform numbers. Primary overhead directional signing displaying the lift symbols and text, Street level should also display the lift code in a reversal white on Lift blue rectangle as shown. A At each lift call point, and within each lift, a supplementary sign should be displayed showing a clear Ticket hall level schematic diagram of the station, showing all areas Lift Lift served by lift with the associated lift codes. While the B C layout of the sign will vary depending on the station District and Circle lines District and Circle lines layout (any long subways between lifts will need to be Eastbound platform 2 Westbound platform 1 clearly shown as such), the signs should always follow Lift a consistent format, with areas labelled in a clear and D concise manner. The sign size may also vary, depending Jubilee line Eastbound platform 3 on available room and complexity of layout, but should Lift be between 200 and 300mm wide. You are in D 2 Within each lift itself, a similar sign should be Lift Jubilee line positioned directly above or adjacent to the lift Westbound platform 4 buttons, displaying the lift code as shown. B

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Specific elements Contents Back 182 10.18 Lift signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Primary overhead directional signing displaying the lift symbols and text should also display the lift code in a reversal white on blue rectangle as shown. Lift Lift D to trains

Symbol proportions 80x

9x Lift 15x Lift Align height with 13x Lift C top of symbol 100x 50x District and Circle lines Jubilee line Eastbound platform 1 13x D

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Specific elements Contents Back 183 10.19 Car park signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

It is current practice for Underground car parks to be managed by outside companies. Car park signs are therefore required to carry company logotypes in addition to the Underground roundel. When combined, the additional logotype should be optically equal to the UNDERGROUND roundel, as illustrated.

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Specific elements Contents Back 184 10.19 Car park signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Only one additional logotype may be combined with B 3A 2A 3A B 3A Min 3A B the roundel in each car park. A logotype may be 10A 10A combined vertically or horizontally. The roundel should be positioned closest to the sign message, B B Min 3A as illustrated. The cap height of the first line of an 1.5x accompanying message should centre on the depth UNDERGROUND Single-line legend x of the roundel. Min 3A Min 1.5x For vertical arrangements, the logotype should centre B B on the width of the roundel bar. For horizontal arrangements, the logotype should centre on the depth of the roundel. B3A 3A B 3A Min 3A B 10A

B B Min 3A Min 1.5x UNDERGROUND x 2A More than single- x line legend x Min 1.5x Min 3A B B

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Specific elements Contents Back 185 10.19 Car park signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

When used on demarcation or directional signs, the optimum size of the message should be 0.55 times Optimum the width of the roundel bar, where possible. UNDERGROUND 5.5A Car park signs follow the same rules as other supplementary and directional signs in terms of Message colour and layout. 10A It is usual to display ‘Terms and conditions’ posters in car parks. These should be designed in accordance with rules for the design of posters, which allow for the use of a smaller roundel. The separate ‘London 10A Underground publicity standards’ booklet should be referred to when designing posters.

UNDERGROUND 2A Message

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Duis autem vel eum irure dolor in reprehenderit in illum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur it laboris nisi ctetur adipscing elit, sed diam.At vero eos et accusam et justo odio dignissim qui blandit praesent lupatum delenit aigue duos dolor et molestais exceptur sint occaecat cupidat non provident, simil tempor sunt in culpa qui. officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum et dolor fugai.

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Specific elements Contents Back 186 10.19 Car park signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

An example station car park is shown to illustrate typical car park signs and their positioning. 4 Sign example 1 should be noted. This is a directional 5 sign used outside the car park. It follows the rules relating to directional signs, and therefore has a smaller 6 roundel matched to the cap height of the accompanying 4 message. Requests for further information concerning car park signs should be directed to The Signs Unit. 2

3

1

1 2 3 4 5 6

UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND Station name Pay on entry Car park car park Tariff £1 Stop Exit

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Specific elements Contents Back 187 11.0 Construction London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

11.1 Primary sign constructions Sign construction and finishes 11.2 Combining sign constructions The illustrations on the following pages show the main visual 11.3 Generic platform roundel details features of the primary types of sign used within London 11.4 Generic external roundel details Underground station areas. There are separate constructions 11.5 Temporary signs for external signs and signs fitted to curved surfaces, which are detailed in other sections of this document.

Primary signs Following these guidelines for primary signs will ensure that signs appear consistent in terms of visual form and build quality. All sign panels should be in vitreous enamel, which has been successfully used on the Underground for several decades, as it has prove the most suitable material for fire, impact and dirt resistance. Illuminated panels within internally illuminated sign faces are toughened glass. Sign panel fixing points and panel access points are concealed, and all corners and edges are radiused for aesthetic and safety reasons.

Specific elements To print this section print pages 187-194 Contents Back 187 11.1 Primary sign constructions London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

2 London Underground has developed standard aluminium Wall-mounted single-faced non-illuminated extrusions and castings for constructing signs which are detailed in the LUL Signs Construction Standards. Signs 10 1 may be single or double-sided, and may be wall, ceiling 27 10 60 or floor-mounted. Where a sign is suspended or free- 13 rad standing but a message is required on one side only, a 10 double-sided sign construction must be used with a plain 3 60 white reverse panel. Tickets 1 Concealed panel fixings 2 Edge trim coated dark grey finish (30% satin) 3 Vitreous enamel signface with radiused corners 4 Back-lit glass panel Note: These pages are for visual reference only, and no attempt should be made to construct signs from these Wall-mounted single-faced illuminated illustrations.

10 2 36 27 60 13 rad 10 out 4 60 Way

3

2mm shadow gaps 1 of 2

Specific elements Contents Back 188 11.1 Primary sign constructions London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

1 Edge trim coated dark grey finish (30% satin) Double-faced illuminated 2 Vitreous enamel signface with radiused corners 10 10 3 Back-lit glass panel 27 72 27 60 Double-faced signs may be suspended, cantilevered 13 rad 1 or free-standing. 10 60 out Way 2 3

Double-faced non-illuminated

10 10 1 27 72 27 60 13 rad 10 60 2 Victoria line

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Specific elements Contents Back 189 11.2 Combining sign constructions London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Directional signs will often comprise several elements, which require different materials and finishes within the same unit. In the example shown, a signface contains both illuminated and unlit sections. As the sign message is permanent, the unlit graphic is fired as part of the vitreous enamel process and an aperture left for the inlaid illuminated glass panel. Where a sign is too long to be constructed as one unit, the vitreous enamel face panels of unlit sections must appear flush with 1 the illuminated signface panel, by using an illuminated sign shell without the internal illumination.

Fixed permanent sign message Victoria line 2 1 Edge trim coated dark grey finish (30% satin) 2 Vitreous enamel signface with radiused corners 3 3 Black-lit glass panel out Way

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Specific elements Contents Back 190 11.2 Combining sign constructions London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where a sign is in a permanent position, but contains information which may change periodically, eg bus stops or local attractions, this information must not be fired as part of the enamelling process, but applied to the white enamel after firing. This will ensure that when changes occur, the sign can be amended in a professional manner, without using overlays. This is carried out using external grade cut vinyl in the correct colours, and when applied correctly is indistinguishable from the fired graphic. 1 Stop Where possible, such signs must be fitted at a height B towards C greater than 2.3m from floor level, to avoid tampering. Stop Any vinyl graphics applied with a white background are Buses B wards C not acceptable as an amendment to permanent signing, and must be replaced. Destination One Buses to Destination Two 2 Note: Vinyl is perfectly compliant under Section 12 Destination One Fire-Safety Regulations for permanent signing, out Destination Two provided the quantity used is in line with LUL Way 3 Building Control Group Standards. 2 Message subject to periodic change 1 Edge trim coated dark grey finish (30% satin) 2 Cut pre-spaced exterior grade vinyl applied to vitreous face 3 Black-lit glass panel 4 Plain white vitreous enamel signface

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Specific elements Contents Back 191 11.3 Generic platform roundel details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Platform panel roundel (double-sided version) 1 1 Edge trim coated dark grey finish (30% satin)

2 Vitreous enamel signface with radiused corners

3 Support coated dark grey finish (30% satin) 2

NORTH ACTON

3

Platform silhouette roundel 1 1 Rebated metal frame retaining vitreous panels. Bronze/aluminium finish 2 2 Flat vitreous enamel station name panel

3 Open centres 4 Flat vitreous enamel red ring sections MONUMENT 3

4

Specific elements Contents Back 192 11.4 Generic external roundel details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

While there are several different types of external roundel sign, including silhouette roundels and interchange totem signs, the same basic principles in terms of materials and finishes apply as 1 2 detailed on this page. Due to the shape of the signs and panel apertures, vitreous enamel is unsuitable for use due to distortion problems. Signs are of an aluminium construction with all illuminated sections in acrylic. Glass should not be used for such signs due to safety, vandalism and colour matching issues. UNDERGROUND 3

External panel roundel (cantilevered version) 1 Edge trim coated dark grey finish (30% satin) 4 2 White powder coated aluminium sign face, with roundel cut out 3 Inlaid back-lit acrylic symbol 028 acrylic with translucent vinyl applied to front face: Underground red 3M – 230/33. Underground dark blue 3M – 230/87 1 4 White aluminium centres

External silhouette roundel 2 1 Edge trim finish dependent on architectural considerations (bronze or silver) 2 Inlaid back-lit acrylic bar 028 acrylic with translucent vinyl 3 applied to front face: Underground dark blue – 3M 230/87 3 Open centres UNDERGROUND 4 Inlaid back-lit acrylic ring panels 028 acrylic with translucent 4 vinyl applied to front face: Underground red – 3M 230/33

Specific elements Contents Back 193 11.5 Temporary signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Temporary signs should obey the same rules concerning layout, colouring and style as permanent signs. For further details refer to LUL Station Presentation handbook.

Specific elements Contents Back 194 12.0 Fixing guidelines London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

12.1 Directional signs Sign positioning considerations 12.2 Supplementary signs Positioning signs is essential to any information system. The 12.3 Incorporating signs within finishes previous sections of this document cover the sequence, size and orientation of signs, but care must also be taken to ensure that signs are co-ordinated with the station architecture and environment, without blending into their surroundings and losing their primary function.

Specific elements To print this section print pages 195-198 Contents Back 195 12.1 Directional signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Directional signing from the reverse face, but should be placed frames. This will ensure that the sign message, Primary directional signs in a given station should equidistantly between columns, aligned with or the sign header, is clearly visible even in a ideally be of a constant depth and fixed at a the column centres. crowded area. consistent height. Where signs are added to an If wall-mounted signs are fitted over a run of Lighting existing installation, care must be taken to note information posters, ticket machines or as a the height, panel and type sizes of existing signs, frieze panel, the sign must be of a matching Great care should be taken when positioning to enable the additional signing to be added in a length to the elements being headed, using lighting in relation to signing within all station consistent manner. extended infill panels if required. areas. This is particularly important where energy-saving downlighters are adopted as the Where stations have large open areas, signs Fixing heights primary lighting source, as this can leave areas should be enlarged in keeping with the scale of of the ceiling in relative darkness. All externally their surroundings, without appearing garish, In areas where signs are suspended from ceilings, illuminated signs shall be illuminated so as to using over-large lettering for the viewing they should be fitted at an optimum viewing have a luminance of 100 lux with a maximum distance. Similarly, where the sign viewing height of 2.7m to the underside. variation in luminance of 10% across the face of distance to a large wall area is short, due to a If ceilings are at a very high level, extended the sign. Where this cannot be achieved by the change in subway direction, the sign should fixings or alternative mountings should be normal station lighting installation, dedicated be fitted so as to appear legible but not sought to avoid signs being lost in the additional lighting must be provided. Where overpowering. ceiling void. possible, signs should not be fitted close to Signs should be fitted symmetrically to subways Where signs are fitted tight to suspended lighting fittings so as to cast shadows on wall and over escalators, unless specific passenger ceilings, they should not span lighting runs, areas. flows are to be highlighted, and where they are where reflected light may render the signing All electrical feeds to illuminated signs must be marking the positions of cross- passages, they illegible, and cause lighting maintenance as discreet as possible, and any conduit should should be aligned on the centre point of the problems. be buried beneath the wall finish entering the cross-passage. For wall-mounted signing, an optimum datum sign through the back. Where columns are present, directional signs level of 2m from floor level to the top edge of For full details of electrical requirements for should not be fitted so as to block or obscure the the sign should be used, which should also be signs refer to LUL’s Engineering Standards. column, which would look particularly unsightly adhered to for supplementary signs and poster

Specific elements Contents Back 196 12.2 Supplementary signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Positioning supplementary signs In passageways, supplementary signs should Additional signing will normally be required in Particular care must be taken when positioning face the directional flow of customers, as signs the following areas: supplementary signs, as there are many fixed to the side walls are far less effective in • Facing customers at the immediate entry different messages which must be placed in areas of heavy passenger flow. Where there are point to a station a variety of situations. It must be noted that too several supplementary signs in a given area, these should not be fitted adjacent to one • Facing customers at the exit point from the many signs can be just as confusing as too few, outward ticket gates and that one carefully positioned sign is more another unless they are of identical size and effective than several haphazardly positioned format, in which case a minimum gap of 50mm • Within subways leading from ticket hall signs. Where a notice prohibiting a particular should be adopted. Supplementary signs should to street behaviour is clearly displayed, the addition of never obscure, or be attached to directional • Along open platforms, particularly where further notices in the same area is unlikely to signs or poster frames. rail services are also served deter persistent offenders. ‘No smoking’ signs • On underground platforms, ‘No smoking’ As with directional signs and posters, the top signs should be fitted to the trackside walls, London Underground was one of the first public edge of supplementary signs should be 2m directly above every other trackside roundel transport systems to introduce a no smoking above floor level. However, if there are other policy, which at the time required a publicity • At all platform exit points, ‘No smoking’ signs elements present which do not conform, this campaign and comprehensive application of should be fitted to the cross-passage side distance may be adjusted to suit. If signs are to signs in all areas to be effective. Several years walls, facing customers as they turn into the be fitted to columns, they should be central to on, there is still a need for such signs, but to a passage the column width. Where signs are being fitted far lesser extent. While the requirement for such • ‘No smoking’ signing is vital on station to tiled walls, the signs should be centrally signs may vary at individual locations, the escalators, but this should be incorporated aligned horizontally and vertically with the tiles following principles should be noted: within the standard escalator notices (refer or tile joints, and should be bonded wherever to section 10.10) possible to avoid tile damage. From any area on a station at least one ‘No smoking’ sign should be clearly visible, for ‘No smoking’ signs should not be fitted to the policy to be effectively policed by staff. doors within station areas where both the room and the area outside are no smoking zones.

Specific elements Contents Back 197 12.3 Incorporating signs within finishes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Incorporating signing within finishes • Standard element sizes must not be The incorporation of signing within wall expanded to suit cladding modules or finishes, such as vitreous enamel, can be an reduced from standards. extremely cost-effective and attractive method • Panel joints must not be present within sign of signing, which has been used successfully at layouts, apart from graphic breaks which several key locations. Primary directional and would normally be marked using a grey line. station identification signing can be • For panels which are larger than standard, incorporated in wall finishes, providing the colour bands, grey lines or any element following criteria are satisfied: reaching the edge of a standard panel must • Signs must be in the optimum operational be extended to the entire panel width. position and orientation. Platform roundel • Any panel layout deviating from these and frieze elements must be positioned at standards in terms of size or graphic the correct height (refer to Platform signing alignment must be approved by LUL prior section 5.0). to panel manufacture. • Sign graphics must fully comply with signing • Where signing elements may be subject to layout standards, as detailed within this change within five years, eg an interchange document. The white background is an logo on a line diagram, the panel must be able integral part of the graphic standards. to be easily replaced at a cost comparable • Sign surface must not be distorted in any way with a separate sign. which will unduly affect the appearance of the • The material used must be at least as sign layout, eg tight radius. effective as vitreous enamel in terms of • All colours must be an accurate vandal and resistance. representation of LUL standard colours and be totally resistant to deterioration. Stylised etched-glass colour variations are not acceptable.

Specific elements Contents Back 198 Index London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Basic elements The customer journey 4.0 Platform finding 4.1 Ticket hall to platform 1.0 Basic elements 2.0 External signage 4.2 Order of information 1.1 Roundel 2.1 Examples 4.3 Sign progression 1.1.1 Background areas 2.2 Elements 4.4 Line diagrams 1.1.2 Roundel silhouette 2.3 Panel version principles 4.4.1 Line diagrams – layout details 1.1.3 Background colours 2.4 Pole-mounted silhouette version 4.5 Platform bifurcation 1.2 Colour 2.5 Wall-mounted silhouette version 4.6 Emphasis of information 1.3 Lettering 2.6 Fascia principles 4.7 Key destinations 1.3.1 Standard sizes and colours 2.6.1 Lettering sizes 4.8 Platform confirmation 1.3.2 Viewing distance chart 2.6.2 Position of lettering 4.8.1 Platform confirmation – numbers 1.3.3 Line spacing 2.7 Positioning of signs 4.9 Special cases 1.4 Fitting messages onto panels 2.8 Shared facilities 4.10 Train indicators 1.5 Arrows and their direction 2.9 Heritage stations 1.5.1 Arrows 5.0 Platform signing 1.5.2 Placement of arrows 3.0 Ticket hall signing 5.1 Station identification from train 1.6 Symbols and pictograms 3.1 Entering a ticket hall 5.2 Basic platform roundel considerations 1.7 Way out 3.2 Ticket machines 5.3 Platform and trackside roundel sizes 1.8 Restricted sign layouts 3.3 Ticket window signs 5.3.1 Frequency/height 1.9 Signing for mobility-impaired customers 3.4 Information posters unit 5.4 Station name sizes 1.10 Headroom restrictions 3.5 Dedicated gateline 5.5 Types of platform roundel 1.11 Switchable signs 3.6 Ticket gate penalty warning signs 5.6 Roundel clearance 1.12 Panel sizes 3.7 Gateline signing 5.6.1 Restricted roundel sizes 1.13 Combining signs and minimum height 3.8 Lift signing 5.7 Existing silhouette roundels 1.14 Combining signs and layout details

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5.8 Frieze – basic considerations 8.0 Exit from station 10.8 Margins 5.8.1 Frieze – appearance 10.9 Margins on signs with pictograms 8.1 Exit from station 5.8.2 Incorporating frieze within trucking 10.10 Combining signs 8.1.1 Multi-exit stations 5.9 Interchange information along platforms 10.11 Door signs 8.2 Exit guide layout principles 5.9.1 Interchange and exit information 10.12 Rendezvous points and assembly points 8.3 Signing to bus stops 5.9.2 Interchange terminology 10.13 Fixing of sign panels 10.14 Emergency – Do not enter Specific elements 6.0 Exit from platform 10.15 Fire equipment signs 9.0 Safety signs 10.16 ‘Help point’ signs 6.1 Way out from platform 10.17 CCTV signs 6.2 Way out from platform – Principles 9.1 Safety signs overview 10.18 Lift signs 6.3 Directing to several cross-passages 9.2 Fire safety signs 10.19 Car park signs 6.4 Directions to lifts 9.3 Prohibition signs 6.5 Platform to ticket hall 9.4 Warning signs 11.0 Construction 6.6 Maintaining clear sightlines 9.5 Safe condition signs 9.6 Mandatory signs 11.1 Primary sign constructions 7.0 Emergency exits 11.2 Combining sign constructions 10.0 Supplementary signs 11.3 Generic platform roundel details 7.1 Regulations 11.4 Generic external roundel details 7.2 Pictograms 10.1 Supplementary signs 11.5 Temporary signs 7.3 Types of emergency sign 10.2 Sign wording 7.4 Combining signs 10.3 Panel sizes 12.0 Fixing guideline 7.5 Emergency exits for wheelchair users 10.4 Typeface 7.6 Switchable exit signs 10.5 Type size and emphasis 12.1 Directional signs 7.7 ‘No entry’ signs 10.6 Line spacing 12.2 Supplementary signs 7.8 Special cases 10.7 Borders 12.3 Incorporating signs within finishes

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