List of Video Examples, Audio Samples and Related Images
Video = isolated video example Audio Sample 1.6 Running speech is dem- Audio = isolated audio sample onstrated by the standard text ‘Der Nordwind Case Study-Video, Case Study-Audio, Case Und Die Sonne’ (The North Wind and the Sun) Study-Image (voice range profile (VRP)) = belong recorded in a studio under the same conditions to a case study (isolated case studies without as the aria passage. Running speech, in a dry electronical material are not mentioned here but room included in the numbering) Audio Sample 1.7 Running speech is demon- strated by the standard text ‘Der Nordwind Und Relation for Audio 1.1-1.8: Part 1, Chapter 1, Die Sonne’ (The North Wind and the Sun) Section 1.6 recorded in a studio under the same conditions as Audio Sample 1.1 Singing voice is demon- the aria passage. Running speech, in a room with strated by a passage from Pamina’s Aria in ‘Die medium reverberation time Zauberflöte’ sung without accompaniment in a Audio Sample 1.8 Running speech is demon- studio. Singing voice, original recording strated by the standard text ‘Der Nordwind Und Audio Sample 1.2 Singing voice is demon- Die Sonne’ (The North Wind and the Sun) strated by a passage from Pamina’s Aria in ‘Die recorded in a studio under the same conditions as Zauberflöte’ sung without accompaniment in a the aria passage. Running speech, in a wet room studio. Singing voice, in a dry room with long reverberation time Audio Sample 1.3 Singing voice is demon- strated by a passage from Pamina’s Aria in ‘Die Relation for Video 1.1 and 1.2 and Audio 1.9 and Zauberflöte’ sung without accompaniment in a 1.10: Part 1, Chapter 1, Section 1.12 studio. Singing voice, in a room with medium Audio Sample 1.9 Synthesised speech reverberation time (German), “Hallo, wie geht es dir?” Audio Sample 1.4 Singing voice is demon- Audio Sample 1.10 Synthesised speech strated by a passage from Pamina’s Aria in ‘Die (German), “Lea und Doreen mögen Bananen” Zauberflöte’ sung without accompaniment in a Video 1.1 Two examples demonstrating arti studio. Singing voice, in a wet room with long culatory movements of the vocal tract when sing- reverberation time ing. Synthesised vocal tract articulation. Round Audio Sample 1.5 Running speech is demon- “Dona nobis pacem”, sung by bass and tenor strated by the standard text ‘Der Nordwind Und Video 1.2 Two examples demonstrating arti Die Sonne’ (The North Wind and the Sun) recorded culatory movements of the vocal tract when sing- in a studio under the same conditions as the aria ing. Synthesised vocal tract articulation. passage. Running speech, original recording “Salvete”, voice and orchestral accompaniment
© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 A. am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen et al. (eds.), Phoniatrics I, European Manual of Medicine, 1087 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46780-0 1088 List of Video Examples, Audio Samples and Related Images
Relation for Case Study Video etc 4.1-4.6: Part 2, Case Study Image 5.3 Marginal oedema due Chapter 4, Section 4.4 to occupational vocal load Case Study Video 4.1 Breathy voice Case Study Video 5.4 Vocal fold nodules due Case Study Audio Sample 4.1 Breathy voice to occupational vocal load Case Study Image 4.1 Voice range profile Case Study Audio Sample 5.4 Vocal fold nod- breathy voice ules due to occupational vocal load Case Study Video 4.2 Normal male voice Case Study Image 5.4 Vocal fold nodules due Case Study Audio Sample 4.2 Normal male to occupational vocal load voice Case Study Image 4.2 Voice range profile nor- Relation for Case Study Video etc 5.5-5.8: Part 2, mal male voice Chapter 5, Section 5.3 Case Study Video 4.3 Normal female voice Case Study Video 5.5 Female pop singer Case Study Audio Sample 4.3 Normal female nodules voice Case Study Audio Sample 5.5 Female pop Case Study Image 4.3 Voice range profile nor- singer nodules (a) spoken language mal female voice Case Study Audio Sample 5.5 Female pop Case Study Video 4.4 Rough male voice singer nodules (b) singing voice Case Study Audio Sample 4.4 Rough male voice Case Study Image 5.5 Voice range profile Case Study Image 4.4 Voice range profile female pop singer nodules rough male voice Case Study Video 5.6 Male pop singer Case Study Video 4.5 Ventricular fold voice oedema woman Case Study Audio Sample 5.6 Male pop singer Case Study Audio Sample 4.5 Ventricular fold oedema (a) spoken language voice woman Case Study Audio Sample 5.6 Male pop singer Case Study Image 4.5 Voice range profile ven- oedema (b) singing voice tricular fold voice woman Case Study Image 5.6 Voice range profile Case Study Video 4.6 Distortion of vocal fold male pop singer oedema vibration by adducting the ventricular folds Case Study Video 5.7 Female singer soprano Case Study Audio Sample 4.6 Vocal sound oedema Louis Armstrong Case Study Audio Sample 5.7 Female singer soprano oedema (a) spoken language Relation for Case Study Video etc 5.1 and 5.2: Case Study Audio Sample 5.7 Female singer Part 2, Chapter 5, Section 5.1 soprano oedema (b) singing voice Case Study Video 5.1 Hypofunction Case Study Image 5.7 Voice range profile Case Study Audio Sample 5.1 Hypofunction female singer soprano oedema Case Study Image 5.1 Voice range profile Case Study Video 5.8 Male singer baritone hypofunction inflammation Case Study Video 5.2 Hyperfunction Case Study Audio Sample 5.8 Male singer Case Study Audio Sample 5.2 Hyperfunction baritone inflammation (a) spoken language Case Study Image 5.2 Voice range profile Case Study Audio Sample 5.8 Male singer hyperfunction baritone inflammation (b) singing voice Case Study Image 5.8 Voice range profile Relation for Case Study Video etc 5.3 and 5.4: male singer baritone inflammation Part 2, Chapter 5, Section 5.2 Case Study Video 5.3 Marginal oedema due to Relation for Case Study Video etc 5.9-5.16: Part occupational vocal load 2, Chapter 5, Section 5.4 Case Study Audio Sample 5.3 Marginal Case Study Video 5.9 Polyp oedema due to occupational vocal load Case Study Audio Sample 5.9 Polyp List of Video Examples, Audio Samples and Related Images 1089
Case Study Image 5.9 Voice range profile Case Study Image 5.15 Voice range profile polyp neurofibroma (b) after therapy Case Study Video 5.10 Reinke’s oedema Case Study Video 5.16 Chondroma Case Study Audio Sample 5.10 Reinke’s Case Study Audio Sample 5.16 Chondroma oedema Case Study Image 5.16 Voice range profile Case Study Image 5.10 Voice range profile chondroma Reinke’s oedema Case Study Video 5.11 Cyst Relation for Case Study Video etc 5.17 and 5.18: Case Study Audio Sample 5.11 Cyst Part 2, Chapter 5, Section 5.5 Case Study Image 5.11 Voice range profile cyst Case Study Video 5.17 Contact granuloma Case Study Video 5.12 Sulcus vocalis (a) before therapy Case Study Audio Sample 5.12 Sulcus vocalis Case Study Video 5.17 Contact granuloma (b) Case Study Image 5.12 Voice range profile after therapy sulcus vocalis Case Study Audio Sample 5.17 Contact gran- Case Study Video 5.13 Laryngocele (a) before uloma (a) before therapy therapy Case Study Audio Sample 5.17 Contact gran- Case Study Video 5.13 Laryngocele (b) after uloma (b) after therapy therapy Case Study Image 5.17 Voice range profile Case Study Audio Sample 5.13 Laryngocele contact granuloma (a) before therapy (a) before therapy Case Study Image 5.17 Voice range profile Case Study Audio Sample 5.13 Laryngocele (b) contact granuloma (b) after therapy after therapy Case Study Video 5.18 Reflux laryngitis Case Study Image 5.13 Voice range profile Case Study Audio Sample 5.18 Reflux laryngocele (a) before therapy laryngitis Case Study Image 5.13 Voice range profile Case Study Image 5.18 Voice range profile laryngocele (b) after therapy reflux laryngitis Case Study Video 5.14 Papillomatosis (a) before therapy Relation for Case Study Video etc 5.19-5.23: Part Case Study Video 5.14 Papillomatosis (b) 2, Chapter 5, Section 5.6 after therapy Case Study Video 5.19 Dysarthrophonia Case Study Audio Sample 5.14 Papillomatosis Case Study Audio Sample 5.19 (a) before therapy Dysarthrophonia Case Study Audio Sample 5.14 Papillomatosis Case Study Image 5.19 Voice range profile (b) after therapy dysarthrophonia Case Study Image 5.14 Voice range profile Case Study Video 5.20 M. Parkinson papillomatosis (a) before therapy Case Study Audio Sample 5.20 M. Parkinson Case Study Image 5.14 Voice range profile Case Study Image 5.20 Voice range profile papillomatosis (b) after therapy M. Parkinson Case Study Video 5.15 Neurofibroma a( ) Case Study Video 5.21 Multiple system atrophy before therapy Case Study Audio Sample 5.21 Multiple sys- Case Study Video 5.15 Neurofibroma b( ) after tem atrophy therapy Case Study Image 5.21 Voice range profile Case Study Audio Sample 5.15 Neurofibroma multiple system atrophy (a) before therapy Case Study Video 5.22 Spasmodic adductor Case Study Audio Sample 5.15 Neurofibroma dysphonia (a) before therapy (b) after therapy Case Study Video 5.22 Spasmodic adductor Case Study Image 5.15 Voice range profile dysphonia (b) transoral Botulinum toxin injec- neurofibroma a( ) before therapy tion into the vocal folds 1090 List of Video Examples, Audio Samples and Related Images
Case Study Audio Sample 5.22 Spasmodic Case Study Video 5.28 Psychogenic adductor dysphonia dysphonia Case Study Image 5.22 Voice range profile Case Study Audio Sample 5.28 Psychogenic spasmodic adductor dysphonia dysphonia Case Study Video 5.23 Spasmodic abductor Case Study Image 5.28 Voice range profile dysphonia psychogenic dysphonia Case Study Audio Sample 5.23 Spasmodic Case Study Video 5.29 Mutational falsetto abductor dysphonia Case Study Audio Sample 5.29 Mutational Case Study Image 5.23 Voice range profile falsetto spasmodic abductor dysphonia Case Study Image 5.29 Voice range profile mutational falsetto Relation for Case Study Video etc 5.24-5.26: Part 2, Chapter 5, Section 5.7 Relation for Case Study Video etc 5.30: Part 2, Case Study Video 5.24 Unilateral vocal fold Chapter 5, Section 5.11 paralysis in the paramedian position Case Study Video 5.30 Transsexual male Case Study Audio Sample 5.24 Unilateral (a) before glottoplasty vocal fold paralysis in the paramedian position Case Study Video 5.30 Transsexual male to Case Study Image 5.24 Voice range profile uni- female (b) after glottoplasty lateral vocal fold paralysis in the paramedian Case Study Audio Sample 5.30 Transsexual position male (a) before glottoplasty Case Study Video 5.25 Unilateral vocal fold Case Study Audio Sample 5.30 Transsexual paralysis in the lateral position male to female (b) after glottoplasty Case Study Audio Sample 5.25 Unilateral Case Study Image 5.30 Voice range profile vocal fold paralysis in the lateral position transsexual male (a) before glottoplasty Case Study Image 5.25 Voice range profile uni- Case Study Image 5.30 Voice range profile lateral vocal fold paralysis in the lateral position transsexual male to female (b) after glottoplasty Case Study Video 5.26 Bilateral vocal fold paralysis Relation for Case Study Video etc 5.31-5.33: Part Case Study Audio Sample 5.26 Bilateral vocal 2, Chapter 5, Section 5.13 fold paralysis Case Study Video 5.31 Bamboo nodes Case Study Image 5.26 Voice range profile Case Study Audio Sample 5.31 Bamboo nodes bilateral vocal fold paralysis Case Study Image 5.31 Voice range profile bamboo nodes Relation for Case Study Video etc 5.27-5.29: Part Case Study Video 5.32 Amyloidosis 2, Chapter 5, Section 5.9 Case Study Video 5.33 Wegener Case Study Video 5.27 Psychogenic dyspho- granulomatosis nia (a) after laryngeal surgery, normal voice Case Study Audio Sample 5.33 Wegener possible granulomatosis Case Study Video 5.27 Psychogenic dyspho- Case Study Image 5.33 Voice range profile nia (b) after 2 years Wegener granulomatosis Case Study Audio Sample 5.27 Psychogenic dysphonia (a) after laryngeal surgery, normal Relation for Case Study Video etc 5.34: Part 2, voice possible Chapter 5, Section 5.15 Case Study Audio Sample 5.27 Psychogenic Case Study Video 5.34 Vocalis atrophy dysphonia (b) after 2 years Case Study Audio Sample 5.34 Vocalis Case Study Image 5.27 Voice range profile atrophy psychogenic dysphonia (a) after laryngeal sur- Case Study Image 5.34 Voice range profile gery, normal voice possible vocalis atrophy List of Video Examples, Audio Samples and Related Images 1091
Relations for Case Study Video etc 5.35-5.37: Video 6.7 Kymography (high-speed line scan- Part 2, Chapter 5, Section 5.16 ning) of the lips: broken chords, French horn Case Study Video 5.35 Vocal fold nodules boy (upper lip right, lower lip left) Case Study Audio Sample 5.35 Vocal fold Video 6.8 Kymography (high-speed line scan- nodules boy ning) of the lips: sound of tuba played at Gflat0 Case Study Image 5.35 Voice range profile (23 Hz). Because of this low frequency, the tone is vocal fold nodules boy hardly audible. The real-time video kymogram Case Study Video 5.36 Vocal fold cyst boy shows approximately one vibrational cycle per Case Study Audio Sample 5.36 Vocal fold cyst image. Solely the upper lip is visible from the right boy Video 6.9 Sonography of the tongue: medio- Case Study Image 5.36 Voice range profile sagittal scans (left) and simultaneous vocal fold cyst boy TM-mode scans (right) while playing the Case Study Video 5.37 Papillomatosis girl soprano recorder Case Study Audio Sample 5.37 Papillomatosis Video 6.10 Sonography of the tongue: medio- girl sagittal scans (left) and simultaneous TM-mode Case Study Image 5.37 Voice range profile scans (right) during trumpet playing papillomatosis girl Relation for Video 8.1-8.3: Part 2, Chapter 8, Relation for Video 6.1: Part 2, Chapter 6, Section Section 8.3 6.4 Video 8.1 Basics doctorVOX therapy Video 6.1 Tips and tricks for laryngeal exami- Video 8.2 Mutational falsetto doctorVOX nation. Video performed by: Tiina Pakka, Annika therapy Laaksonen and Ahmed Geneid Video 8.3 Psychogenic falsetto doctorVOX therapy Relation for Videos 6.2-6.10 and Case Study Video 6.4: Part 2, Chapter 6, Section 6.6 Relation for Video 8.4-8.10: Part 2, Chapter 8, Video 6.2 Stroboscopy of the lips: crescendo- Section 8.7 decrescendo, French horn. Regular vibratory pat- Video 8.4 Larynx mobilisation by stretching tern of the lips the space between the thyroid cartilage and the Video 6.3 Stroboscopy of the lips: musical cricoid cartilage scale, trumpet. Regular vibratory pattern of the Video 8.5 Mobilisation of the hyoid bone lips towards the thyroid cartilage Case Study Video 6.4 Stroboscopy of the lips: Video 8.6 Mobilisation of the hyoid bone dur- flugelhorn player with stenosis of the spinal canal ing swallowing between C2 and C5 Video 8.7 Relaxation of the suprahyoid mus- Video 6.4 Stroboscopy of the lips: single tones cles (self-therapy) played with the trombone. The regular vibratory Video 8.8 Active relaxation of the nuchal fas- pattern of the lips is similar to the vocal fold vibra- cia and the trapezius muscles (self-therapy) tion. The mucosa in the centre of the upper lip ini- Video 8.9 Sternocleidomastoid muscle tiates the closure as a result of the Bernoulli effect (self-therapy) Video 6.5 Sonography of the lips: transversal Video 8.10 Mobilisation of nuchal and suboc- b-mode scans of the upper lip. Orbicularis oris cipital muscles and proper position of the head muscle visible as narrow black band (self-therapy) Video 6.6 Sonography of the lips: sagittal B-mode scans of the lips (upper lip left, lower lip Relation for Videos 8.11-8.14: Part 2, Chapter 8, right, cavum oris in between). Typical ‘hockey Section 8.10 stick’ shape of the orbicularis oris muscle, visible Video 8.11 Vocal fold polyp resection as black band within the lip Video 8.12 Vocal fold cyst removal 1092 List of Video Examples, Audio Samples and Related Images
Video 8.13 Glottoplasty Case Study Audio Sample 8.4 Phonation with Video 8.14 Laryngoplasty (arytenoid adduc- ventricular and aryepiglottic vocal folds tion and thyroplasty) Case Study Image 8.4 Phonation with ventric- ular and aryepiglottic vocal folds Relation for Videos 8.15 and 8.16: Part 2, Chapter Case Study Video 8.5 Vibration of the aryepi- 8, Section 8.11 glottic folds for voice production after surgical Video 8.15 Right-sided stimulated abduction treatment of a glottal carcinoma in the anterior (laryngeal pacing) commissure Video 8.16 Voluntary phonation while pacing Case Study Audio Sample 8.5 Aryepiglottic fold vibration Relation for Videos 8.17 and 8.18, Case Study Case Study Image 8.5 Voice range profile ary- Video etc 8.3-8.5: Part 2, Chapter 8, Section 8.13 epiglottic fold vibration Video 8.17 Vibration of the pharyngo- oesophageal segment via Provox 2 prosthesis for Relation for Video 16.1 and 16.2: Part 4, Chapter voice production 16, Section 16.4 Video 8.18 Change of a Provox 2 voice pros- Video 16.1 Example of BOA responses thesis in a laryngectomee Video 16.2 Recommended VRA procedure Case Study Video 8.3 Vibration of a normal and a scarred vocal fold after subligamental Relation for Case Study Video 18.1: Part 4, cordectomy Chapter 18, Section 18.3 Case Study Audio Sample 8.3 Scarred vocal fold Case Study Video 18.1 Muenster Parental Case Study Image 8.3 Voice range profile Programme (MPP)—responsive parenting in scarred vocal fold early mother-child interaction Case Study Video 8.4 Vibration of the ven- tricular folds alternating with the aryepiglottic Relation for Video 18.1: Part 4, Chapter 18, folds for voice production after resection of the Sections 18.6 and 18.24 left vocal fold because of laryngeal cancer Video 18.1 Cochlear implantation Index
A principles of, 315–316 Abdominal/diaphragmatic breathing, 352, 441, 449 signs and symptoms, 318–319 Abnormal vocal fold movement, 292 therapeutic approaches Absolute voice rest, 448 non-pharmacological approaches, 321 Accent Method (AM), 440, 446, 454 pharmacological treatment, 321–322 Acetylcysteine, 479 upper respiratory tract, 320–321 Acoustic analysis, 247–248 Alport syndrome, 773, 812 Acoustic immittance measurements, 885–886 Alprazolam, 484 acoustic reflex testing, 889–891 Alström syndrome, 800 tympanometry Ambulatory Phonation Monitor (APM) (KayPENTAX), classification system, 888 248, 407 contraindications, 888 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association equivalent ear canal volume, 888 (ASHA), 862, 884, 974 probe tone frequency, 889 Amikacin, 780 tympanogram shapes, 887 Aminoglycosides, 780, 784 Wideband tympanometry, 889 Amoxicillin/clavulanate, 479 Acoustic reflex testing, 889–891 Amyloidosis, 222, 313 Acoustic trauma, 1049 Analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents, 480 Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI), 401 Angelman syndrome (AS), 566, 592 Acquired epileptic aphasia, see Landau-Kleffner Ankyloglossia, 26 Syndrome Anomic aphasia, 276 Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 778 Anterior granuloma/granulomatous laryngitis, 271 Active touch, 688 Antibiotics, 479 Acupuncture-acupressure, 451 Anticancer drugs, 779–780 Acute bacterial infections, 219 Antidepressants, 484 Acute epiglottitis, 219 Antihistamines, 478–479 Acute laryngitis, 479 Anti-infective agents, 780–781 Acute otitis media, 839, 1049 Antineoplastic agents, 484 Acute viral infections, 218–219 Antiquity, 4–5 Adaptive auditory speech test (AAST), 882 Apert syndrome, 594 Adaptive Categorical Loudness Scaling (ACALOS), 868 Aphasia, 276 Adaptive immunity, 316 coding system, 138 Adaptive self-assessment procedure, 945 with convulsive disorder (see Landau-Kleffner Adenoids, 860 Syndrome) Aerodynamic parameters, 248 Appoggio, 508 Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-3), 625 Articulation, 90 Air-conduction stimulation, 58–59, 865 Articulatory oop, 110 Air-conduction thresholds, PTA, 865 Artificial larynx/electrolarynx, 503, 506 Air-conduction transducers, 862 Aryepiglottic phonation, 507 Allergens Ascending fibres, 48 air pollutants, 317–318 Aspiration pneumonia, 509 diagnostics, 319–320 Asthenia, 250 environment influences, 316–317 Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR), 683 irritants, 316 Ataxia, 276
© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 1093 A. am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen et al. (eds.), Phoniatrics I, European Manual of Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46780-0 1094 Index
Atoh1gene, 1071 differential diagnosis, 882–883 Atresia, 1003 Auditory-specific cognitive impairment, 882 Attention deficit disorders, 921 Auditory speech sound discrimination, 655 Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), 666 Auditory steady state response (ASSR), 782, 896 behaviour-driven diagnosis, 667–668 automatic analysis, 899 developmental disorders of speech and language, 666 characteristics of, 899 theory-driven diagnosis, 668–669 indication and interpretation, 901 Audiogram, PTA, 866, 867 objective measurement of hearing, 899 Audiological grading scales, 752–754 response production, 899, 900 Audiometric validation and technical verification Auditory synaptopathy (AS), 945, 1003 audiological candidacy, 991–992 Auditory tube dysfunction hearing aid fitting, 990 aetiology, 1052–1053 to young children, 992–993 conservative management, 1053–1054 Audiometry, 861, 862 ET, 1052 Auditory biofeedback, 450 Auditory verbal therapy (AVT), 970, 1033 Auditory brainstem response (ABR), 47, 774, 782, Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) 841–842 system, 734, 1015, 1047 bone conduction, 898 aims of, 742 broadband and frequency-specific, 894–896 classification of, 735–736 Auditory development in children, 549–550 DDSL and hearing disorders, 735 Auditory dyssynchrony (AD), 768, 841–842 evidence of, 736, 738–739 Auditory feedback, 441 vocabulary, selection and organisation, 739–742 Auditory filter, 60 Aural rehabilitation programmes Auditory masking, 439 alternative and supplementary modes, 1034–1035 Auditory neural system, 56 auditory training, 1033 Auditory neuropathy (AN), 841–842, 945 AVT, 1033 Auditory neuropathy/dyssynchrony disorders computer/technological devices, 1035 (ANDD), 967 deaf children, 1032 Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD), diagnosis, 1032 841–842 language enrichment, 1033 Auditory-oral approach, 766 oral-aural/natural auralism, 1034 Auditory pathway, 46–48 speech and language therapy, 1035 Auditory perception skills, 916–917 total communication, 1034 Auditory Perception Test for the Hearing Impaired, 917 Auricle, 40 Auditory perceptual assessment (APA), 442 Australian Lidcombe therapy programme, 147 Auditory processing and perception disorder Autism diagnostic interview-revised (ADI-R), 185 (APPD), 882 Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2), 185 Auditory processing, development stages of, 757, Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) 764–765 aetiology and developmental psychopathology, 184 Auditory processing disorder (APD), 765, 768, 882, behavioural characterisation, 182–183 883, 1036 clinical implications, 185 compensatory strategies, 845, 1035, 1037 diagnostics and treatment, 184–185 definition and history, 843–844 differential diagnosis, 184 demographics, 844 subtypes of, 183 diagnosis, 845, 884, 885 symptomatology, 183–184 draft hierarchical scheme, 884, 885 Autistic behaviour, 169 identification and referral, 844–845 Autoimmune inner ear disease, 1050 intervention, 845 Autoimmune tests, 773 listening strategies, 1036 Automatic speech recognition (ASR) system, 515 long-term benefit, 1037 Autosomal dominant disorders, 792–799 management, children, 884 Autosomal dominant hereditary sensory neuropathy management strategies, 845 (HSN I), 293 mechanisms, 844 Autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss modification, listening environment, 1036 (ADNSHL), 156 real auditory system, 844 Autosomal recessive disorders, 800–811 training, 1036–1037 Autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss Auditory processing tests (ARNSH), 156 diagnosis, 882–883 Axonotmesis, 287 Index 1095
B Bilateral high-frequency hearing loss, 768 Bacitracin (polypeptide antibiotic, orally Bilateral paralysis, 288 nephrotoxic), 781 Bilateral peri-sylvian syndrome (BPS), 699–700 Bacterial tracheitis, 219 Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, 767–768, 777 Balance difficulties in children, 903 Bilateral vocal fold palsies (bVFP) Balance/vestibular assessment in children, 903–906 pacing in balance difficulties in children, 903 fitting process, 497 developmental balance assessment, 903–904 laryngeal pacemaker, 496–497 Dix-Hallpike positional test, 906 laryngeal pacing system, 497–499 dynamic visual acuity, 905 reinnervation in, 498, 501–502 eye movements test, 904–905 clinical trial, 500–501 Halmagyi’s head thrust, 904 nerve-muscle pedicle technique, 499 head-shaking nystagmus, 905 phrenic nerve, 499–500 neonatal reflexes tests, 906 total motor reinnervation of larynx, 500 posture/vestibulospinal reflex tests, 904 variations of, 500 vestibular investigations, 906–907 Bilingual first language acquisition (BFLA), 550 vestibular labyrinth and receptors, 903 Binaural hearing, 54–55 vestibulo-ocular reflex, 903 Binocular inspection with microscope, 860 vestibulospinal reflex, 903 Biofeedback, 450 vibration-induced nystagmus, 905 auditory, 450 VOR test, 904–905 vibrotactile/kinaesthetic-proprioceptive, 450 Balint groups, 175–176 visual, 450 Bardet-Biedl syndrome, 801 Biomechanical models, 103 Barkley’s theory of ADHD, 668 Biotinidase deficiency, 801 Barotrauma, 1049 Bithermal caloric testing, 906 Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 663 Blastomycosis, 221 BC-CROS stimulation, 1006 Blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) contrast, 700 Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, 593 Bobath therapy, 731 Behavioural audiometry in children, see Paediatric Boehm Test of Basic Concepts, 918 behavioural audiometry Böhme’s formulation, 196 Behavioural-genetic studies, 562 Bone-anchored hearing aids Behavioural inhibition, 186 BC (see Bone conduction (BC)) Behavioural observation audiometry (BOA), 756, implantable hearing aids, 1005 870–872 indications, 1065 Behavioural test, PTA, 862 prerequisites to surgery, 1066 Behavioural voice therapy, 484 surgical procedures, 1066–1068 Behaviour readjustment therapy (BRAT), 440–441 Bone conduction (BC) Belting, 211 atresia, 1003 Benign neoplasia, 263 audiological features, 1005–1006 Benign organic voice disorders bilateral microtia, 1061 Lamina Propria bone-anchored systems (see Bone-anchored polypoid corditis (Reinke’s Oedema), 258–259 hearing aids) vocal fold nodules, 257–258 devices, 1005 vocal fold polyps, 258 implantable, 1007–1008, 1065–1066 secondary pathological changes non-implantable hearing aids, 1006–1007 benign neoplasia, 263 stimulation, 58–59 contact ulcer/granuloma, 261–262 testing, 863 laryngocele, 260–261 Botulinum toxin, 481 papillomas, 262–263 Brain-evoked response audiometry (BERA), 116, 118 sulcus vocalis, 260 Brain imaging, phoniatrics, 115–118 vocal fold cysts, 259–260 Brainstem reflexes, 684 Benign vocal fold masses (BVFM), 250 Branchial arch, 18 Benzocaine, 480 Branchio-otorenal (BOR) syndrome, 771, 785, 792 Benzodiazepines, 484 Breathiness parameters, 201 Bernoulli effect, 63 Breathing coordination approach, 450 Beta blockers, 483 Breath support, 352 Beyerdynamic DT 48 headphones, 862 abdomino-diaphragmatic breathing, 449 BIGmack®, 737 breathing coordination approach, 450 Bilateral cochlear implant, 1014, 1016 prosody enhancement, 450 Bilateral hearing losses, 755 Schlaffhorst-Andersen method, 449–450 1096 Index
Breathy voice, 203 Cervical venous congestion, 420–421 Bresgen grip, 351 Cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential British sign language (BSL), 767, 1034–1035 (cVEMPs), 906 Broadband and frequency-specific ABR, 894–896 Chant talk, 453 Broca, Pierre Paul, 8 CHARGE syndrome, 793 Broca’s area, 49, 107 Cherry-red spot fundus, 169 Buccopharyngeal membrane, 13–14 Chewing, functionality examination, 643 Buffalo Voice Profile System, 354 Chewing method, 440, 458 bVFP, see Bilateral vocal fold palsies (bVFP) Child Behavioural Checklist (CBCL/6-18), 669 Child-centred strategies, 719–720 Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), 612–615, 644, C 645, 655, 658 Caffeine, 484 case history, 613 Calibration practice, 861–862 characteristic anomalies, 613 Camurati-Engelmann disease, 792 communication behaviour, 613 Camurati-Engelmann Disease Type II, 792 core features, 613 Canadian Interorganizational Steering Group for inconsistent errors, 613 Speech-Language Pathology and lengthened and disrupted coarticulatory Audiology, 884 transitions, 613 Candida albicans, 219 motor execution, 615 Cantata, 82 motor planning, 615 Carboplatin, 779, 780 motor programme, 614–615 Carcinoma in situ, 223 peripheral auditory processing, 613 Cardinal tongue position, 649 phonetic discrimination, 614 Castillo Morales therapy, 731–732 phonological recognition, 614 Causal therapy, 510 phonological representation, 614 Cavum oris, internal orofacial examination, 642 semantic representation, 614 Cayler cardiofacial syndrome, see 22q11.2 deletion speech/non-speech discrimination, 614 syndrome Childhood ear disorders, therapeutic principles Cefdinir, 479 medical treatment Cefuroxime, 479 ear traumata, 1049–1050 Central Auditory Processing Disorders (CAPD), 7 hearing loss, 1051–1052 Central hearing disorders, 842–843 inner ear diseases, 1050–1051 Central neurogenic voice disorders labyrinthitis, 1051 clinical approach middle ear infections, 1049 hyper-adduction disorders, 278–279 perilymphatic fistula, 1051 hypo-adduction, 276–278 SNHL, 1048 tremor, 280 Childhood language disorders, prevalent types, 540 clinical examination Childhood sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), 1048 affect, 274 Child Language Data Exchange System gait, posture and coordination, 274 (CHILDES), 628 movement, 274–275 Child language development, stimulation of, 716–717 reflexes and tone, 275 adverse factors, 719 tremor, 275 biological and environmental, 717–718 history-taking, neurolaryngology, 273–274 home intervention by families, 720 language, 273 language-stimulating family interventions neurological speech and voice disorder terms, child-centred strategies, 719–720 275–276 hybrid approach, 720 ‘on-off’ switches, 272 parents/caregivers, advice for, 720–721 peripheral neurological system, 271 risk factors for, 718–719 sound signals, 272 Child psychological examinations, 921 Central/peripheral neurogenic dysphonia, 197 Children Central swallowing disorders, 644 balance/vestibular assessment Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia (CSID), 357 balance difficulties in children, 903 Cerebral-evoked response audiometry (CERA), 116, 118 developmental balance assessment, 903–904 Cerebral seizures, 166, 169 Dix-Hallpike positional test, 906 Cerebrum, 49 dynamic visual acuity, 905 Cervical cysts/fistulas, 860 eye movements test, 904–905 Index 1097
Halmagyi’s head thrust, 904 Cochlear microphonics (CMs), 945 head-shaking nystagmus, 905 Cochleotoxicity, 780 neonatal reflexes tests, 906 Cockayne syndrome, 802 posture/vestibulospinal reflex tests, 904 Coding, 138 vestibular investigations, 906–907 Coffin-Lowry syndrome, 595 vestibular labyrinth and receptors, 903 Cogmed working-memory training vestibulo-ocular reflex, 903 (CWMT), 744 vestibulospinal reflex, 903 Cognitive development stages, 541–542, 921 vibration-induced nystagmus, 905 Cognitive ergonomics, 69 VOR test, 904–905 Colistin (polymyxin E), 781 Children and Adults with Attention-Deficit/ Cologne Communication Board®, 736, 741 Hyperactivity Disorder (CHADD), 668 Colour duplex sonography, 421 Children’s Hearing Services Working Group Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM), 665 (CHSWG), 1040 Colour strobe kymography, 394, 395 Children’s Test of Nonword Repetition (CNRep), 918 Combined sensorineural and conductive hearing Chip-on-the-Tip (COTT), 366 loss, 841 Chlorpromazine, 484 Combined structural-regulatory dysphonia, 197 Chondrocranium, 13 Common Phrases Test, 912 Choreas, 278–279 Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Chromosome 5p deletion syndrome, see Cri du Chat (CTCAE), 752 syndrome Communication and swallowing disorders Chronic laryngitis, 220 auditory pathway and vestibular tracts, 46–49 Chronic otitis media, 839 cranium and face, 13–18 Cimetidine, 481 craniofacial development, 13–14 Ciprofloxacin, 781 lips and palate malformations, 14–18 Cisplatin, 779, 784 ear Classical Singing Voice Handicap Index (CSVHI), 363 middle ear, 41–42 Classroom acoustics outer ear, 40–41 improvement, 1031–1032 ear development, 26–29 rooms, 1031 EBM Cleft/bifid tongue, 26 applications of, 144–147 Cleft palate, 1068–1070 and evidence-informed healthcare, 141–144 Clefts and craniofacial malformations, 838–839 evidenced-based treatment, problem of, 141 Cleidocranial dysplasia, 793 language, neuroanatomical basics, 49–50 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals larynx (CELF), 912 anterior neck, muscles of, 36, 37 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals development, stages of, 19–21 formulating sentences (CELF-FS), 915 inner muscles, 34, 35 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals word interior of, 34, 35 structure (CELF-WS), 915 internal branch, 37 Closed-ended questions, 624 internal cavity of, 34 Closed head trauma, 277–278 malformations, 21–24 Coarticulation, 94 outer muscles of, 33, 34 Cocaine, 484 skeleton of, 33 Cochlea, 44–46, 56 palate, 29–31 Cochlear amplifier, 45 pharyngeal arches, clefts and pouches, 18–19 Cochlear ganglion, 27 pharynx, 31–33 Cochlear implant (CI) swallowing, 38–40 bilateral, 1016 tongue, 38 candidacy and indication, children, 1012–1015 tongue development, 24–26 child’s hearing devices, 1024 Communication behaviour, 613 components, 1008–1010 Communication disorders, ICF and ICF-CY in, 138 early intervention process, 1024 Compound action potentials (CAP), 945 fitting, 1012 Comprehensive Assessment of Spoken Language post-operative (re) habilitation, 1015 (CASL), 912 principles, 1008 Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing signal processing, 1009–1012 (CTOPP), 918 training, 1023–1025 Computer-based speech training system, 104 Cochlear implantation, 769 Computerised dynamic posturography, 906 1098 Index
Computerised rehabilitation, 742 Cortical equilibrium reactions, 684 childhood dysphasia with Landau-Kleffner Cortical evoked response audiometry (CERA), 896 Syndrome, 746 Corticosteroids, 479–480 CWMT, 744 Covering manoeuvre, 80 Earobics, 743–744 COX-2 inhibitors, 480 FFW, 742–743 Craniofacial abnormality, 859–860 hearing loss, 746 Creaky phonation, 204 late talking/developmental language delay, 745 Crescendo, 78 MSB, 743 Cricoarytenoid joints, 34 pervasive developmental disorders, 746 Cricothyroid (CT) muscles, 213–214, 284 prognosis, 745 Cri du Chat syndrome, 566–567, 592 Résumé, 744 Crista ampullaris, 44 SDDSL, 745–746 Crouzon disease, 794 Computerised rotational chair testing, 906 Crouzon-like syndrome, 794 Computerized Language Analysis (CLAN) Crouzon syndrome, 794 Program, 626 Cued speech, 1034, 1048 Concept centre, 107 Czermak mirror test, 353 Conditioned play audiometry (CPA), 875–877 Conduction aphasia, 276 Conductive hearing loss, 767, 866 D acute otitis media, 839 da Vinci, Leonardo, 5 chronic otitis media, 839 DDSL associated with language-relevant comorbidities clefts and craniofacial malformations, 838–839 (DDSLC), 556 congenital/acquired, 838 Dead-region testing, PTA, 869 microtia and aural atresia, 838 Deaf otitis media with effusion, 839–840 and Hard-of-hearing children, 1037–1038 otosclerosis and tympanosclerosis, 840 literacy skills, 1043–1044 radiological examination with computed underpinning achievement, 1041–1043 tomography, 838 Deafness genes, 1071 syndromal conductive hearing impairment, 839 Declarative memory system, 111 trauma, 840 Decongestants, 479 tympanic membrane and middle ear 7-dehydehydrocholesterol reductase deficiency or RSH abnormalities, 839 syndrome, see Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome Conference Proceedings Citation Index—Science Descending fibres, 49 (CPCI-S), 142 Desloratadine, 448 Confidential voice therapy, 458, 487 Developmental apraxia of speech (DAS), 612 Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV), 773–776 Developmental articulatory dyspraxia (DAD), 612 Congenital malformations (CM), ear Developmental balance assessment, 903–904 indications for surgical treatment, 1057 Developmental disorders of speech and language surgical procedures (DDSL), 146, 166, 629, 633 inner ear, 1063–1064 AAC, 735 outer and middle ear, 1057–1063 aetiology and pathogenesis Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), 777 Angelman Syndrome (AS), 566 Congenital subglottal stenosis, 24 behavioural-genetic studies, 562 Congenital thymic aplasia/thymic hypoplasia, see Cri du Chat syndrome, 566–567 22q11.2 deletion syndrome environmental factors, 562–563 Congenital vocal fold paralysis, 217 Fragile X syndrome, 567 Conotruncal anomaly face syndrome (CTAF), see genetic factors, 562 22q11.2 deletion syndrome with hearing loss/central auditory processing Consanguinity, 162 disorders, 563–565 Conscious medical hypnosis, 451 Landau-Kleffner Syndrome, 566 Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice with mental retardation, 563 (CAPE-V), 354 neurolinguistic perspective, 563 Consistent backpressure, 455, 456 with onset specific to childhood and Constitution, 241 adolescence, 566 Contact ulcerations, 261–262, 270 Opitz G/BBB syndrome, 568 Continuous performance test (CPT), 668 with other sensory disorders and multiple Conventional DNA sequencing, 157 disabilities, 565 Copula, 24 with pervasive developmental disorders, 565–566 Cornelia de Lange syndrome, 594 Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS), 567–568 Index 1099
22q11.2 deletion syndrome, 567 diagnostics, 727–728 Rett syndrome, 569 first identification, 727 Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome, 568–569 initiation/prescription treatment, 728 with specific developmental disorders of motor integrated approach, 729 function (F82), 570 parent counselling, 728 Williams-Beuren syndrome, 569–570 performance of treatment, 728 aetiology, syndromes associated with, 573 phoniatric management, 726–727 attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), 666 set-up of the treatment/ rehabilitation plan, 728 auditory development in children, with normal treatment supervision and outcome control, hearing, 549–550 728–729 comorbid conditions, 608–610 predispositions, 725–726 adverse social conditions, 610, 612 prevalence reports, 608 comorbid neurological diseases, 611 primary and secondary speech-language disorders, developmental disorders, 611 609, 610 differential diagnoses, 611–612 risk for, 634 hearing disorders, 610–611 symptomatic profile loss of vision, 611 core language symptoms, 556, 557 mental retardation, 611 developmental language delay/late talkers, premature birth, 611 560–561 risk factors at birth, 611 differential diagnoses, 559–560 comorbidity, 540 early language symptoms, 556 definition, 539–540 environmental (sociogenic) language developmental verbal dyspraxia of speech abnormalities, 560–561 assessment, 615 and potential SDDSL-associated findings, 559 definition, 612 syndromes associated with prevalence, 612–613 aetiology, 573 symptoms, 613–615 autosomal dominant disorders, 584–587 terminology, 612 autosomal dominant inheritance, 593–594 treatment, 615–616 autosomal recessive disorders, 588 diagnosis of, 626 autosomal recessive inheritance, 594 differential diagnoses, 610 gonosomal dominant disorders, 589 early identification gonosomal recessive disorders, 589–590 economic reasons, 714 gonosomal recessive inheritance, 595 implications, 716 numerical chromosomal aberrations, 574–577, methods, 716 591 requirements, 714–715 structural chromosomal aberrations, 578–583, 592 risks, 715–716 terminology, 607–608 social reasons in, 713–714 Developmental hearing disorders, 1072–1074 genetics of, 570–573 Developmental language delay, 745 hearing loss, 746 Developmental verbal dyspraxia of speech late talking, prevalence of assessment, 615 with language-relevant comorbidities, 554–556 definition, 612 SDDSL, 554 prevalence, 612–613 morphological grey matter (GM), 701 symptoms, 613–615 multilingual speech terminology, 612 assessment and evaluation, 552 treatment, 615–616 bilingual language acquisition, 551 Diadochokinetic (DDK) task, 657 definition, 550 Diagnosis and differential diagnosis language development and competence, 551–552 attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) management issues, 552–553 behaviour-driven diagnosis, 667–668 populations exposed, 550 developmental disorders of speech and types, 550 language, 666 normal children, at different ages theory-driven diagnosis, 668–669 cognitive development, 541–542 clinical neurophysiology, 694 language stages, 542–549 cognitive and general developmental status, 665 psychomotor development, 540–541 age ranges, 663 objective, 553 alternative testing approaches, 665 pervasive developmental disorders, 746 diagnostic assessment approaches, types of, 661 phoniatric management early childhood assessment tools, 663–664 diagnosis, 728 general intelligence functioning, 664–665 1100 Index
Diagnosis and differential diagnosis (cont.) quality criteria, 625 intelligence tests, 664 test instruments and materials, 641–642 nonverbal matrices, 665 questionnaires on child development pre-assessment information, 661–662 construction principles, 624 psychometric procedures, 662–663 definition, 624 Snijders-Oomen Nonverbal Intelligence Tests, 664 implications, 625–626 developmental speech and language status, limitations, 625 assessment of quality criteria, 625 DDSL, diagnosis of, 626 speech motor analysis in children (see Speech informal and nonstandardized procedures, motor analysis in children) examination of, 629 speech sound development, assessment of language-covering general developmental tests, age of acquisition, 650 634, 638 common mismatches, 650 language tests, 629–631, 634–640 earliest sounds, 650 normal language development, 626–628 framework for, 648–650 screening tests, 631, 633 intelligibility, 650 spontaneous speech, analysis of, 626, 628, 629 linguistic fundamentals, 647–649 electroencephalography (EEG), 694 physiological phonological processes, 650, 651 emotional/behavioural disorder (EBD), 669 speech sound disorders (see Speech sound interview with parents, 620–624 disorders (SSD)) family history of speech, language and hearing stopping, 650 disorders, 623, 624 structural simplifications, 650 medical history in children, 622, 623 systematic simplifications, 650 questions characterizing, developmental tactile-kinaesthetic perception, 684–685 speech-language level, 621 assessment and evaluation tools, 691–693 laboratory examinations of developmentally delayed haptics, 688 children, 694 kinaesthetic (proprioceptive) modality, logopedic/SLP examinations 689–690 prerequisite for interpretation, 693–694 sensibility, 688 standardized test procedures, 693 somatosensory modalities, development of, magnetic resonance imaging of brain 690–691 advantages and challenges, 699 somatosensory sensation, 685–688 diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), 701 tactile spatial resolution, 688–689 functional MRI (fMRI), 700–701 tongue sonography, articulation motor and sensory regions of cerebral cortex, 698 brass instrument training, 697–698 principles of, 699 diagnostic applications, 696–697 structural imaging/voxel-based morphometry, examination methods, 694–696 699–700 speech rehabilitation, visual biofeedback for, neurological examination, 669 697–698 cerebellar system, 684 tongue functions, 694 clinical history, neurodevelopmental Diagnostic accuracy, 162 disorders, 670 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders general appearance, 670–671 (DSM-5), 667 general physical examination, 670 Diagnostic interview, 858–859 locomotion, 684 Diagnostic radiology motor system, 671 ear malformations, 926–934 reflexes (movement automatisms), 671–684 imaging in candidates for cochlear implantation, sensory system, 684 936–938 skull and cranial nerve examination, 671 paediatric temporal bone tumours and tumour-like spontaneous position, 671 lesions, 935–936 oral-motor examination protocol, 640 Diaphragmatic technique, 78 clinical history, 641 Diastrophic dwarfism, 803 external orofacial examination, 642 Diazepam, 484 functionality, 642–643 Diffraction, 52 intraoral examination, 642 Diffuse sound field, 66–67 orofacial structure and muscle tone at rest, 642 Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), 701 phonetic speech sound disorder, 643–644 DiGeorge syndrome, 592, 786, 789 phonological speech sound disorder, 643 see also 22q11.2 deletion syndrome Index 1101
Diphtheria, 219 congenital vocal fold paralysis, 217 Directive genetic counselling, 164 hemangioma, 218 Direct sound field, 66–67 histoplasmosis, 221 Disability irritation, laryngitis secondary to, 221 cognitive, social and behavioural functioning, laryngeal atresia and webs, 217–218 941–942 laryngeal candidiasis, 219–220 communicative assessment, 942–943 laryngocele, 218 definition of, 938–939 laryngomalacia, 217 diagnostic profile, 940–941 larynx malignancies, 222–224 expressive language, 943 LPR, 220 prevalence of, 939–940 presbyphonia, 225 receptive language, 943 sarcoidosis, 221 visual impairment, 942 subglottal stenosis, 218 Disinfection, 148–149 systemic inflammatory diseases, 222 Dissociative motor disorders, 177 traumata, 224–225 Distortion product oto-acoustic emission (DPOAE), 768, tuberculosis, 221 782, 891, 893–894, 933 Wegener granulomatosis, 221–222 Diuretics, 483 drug treatment in Dix-Hallpike positional test, 906 analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents, 480 DNA viruses, family Herpesviridae antibiotics, 479 herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, 776 antihistamines, 478–479 human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, 774–776 complementary and alternative medicine, human herpes virus (HHV6) infection, 776–777 482, 483 DoctorVox Voice Therapy (DVT), 456 corticosteroids, 479–480 behavioural transfer, 457 decongestants, 479 bubbling without phonation, 457 hormones, 480–481 bubbling with phonation, 457 laryngopharyngeal reflux, medical treatment in, preset, 456–457 481–482 skill retention, 457 local medical applications in voice disorders, 483 Doppler gate, 421 mucolytic agents, 479 Dosimeters, 248 neurological conditions, medical treatment in, 481 Down syndrome, 591, 786, 787 epidemiology Dual-stream model, 698 functional/malregulative, 214, 216–217 Dynamic range, 199–200 incidence, 214 Dynamic visual acuity, 905 large-scale epidemiological studies, 214 Dysarthria, 442, 644 organic/structural dysphonia, 214, 216 Dysarthrophonia, 438, 442 social and economical consequences, 214 Dysfunctions and diseases hampering singing in systemic diseases acute inflammation, 255 amyloidosis, 313–314 chronic inflammation, 256 granulomatosis with polyangiitis of the larynx, hormonal influences, 256 314–315 indoor air climate, 256 laryngeal granuloma, 309–310 organic voice disorders, 255 Rheumatoid arthritis, 312–313 reflux, 256 sarcoidosis, 310–311 significant changes, in vocal tract, 256 systemic lupus erythematosus, 314 tumours, 256 tuberculous laryngitis, 311–312 vocal fold movement disorders, 256–257 Dysphonia neuromuscular electro-stimulation, 463 Dysglossia, 644 Dysphonia Severity Index (DSI), 401 Dysmorphia, 169 Dysodia, 242, 466–467 Dysphagia neuromuscular electro-stimulation, 463 E Dysphonia, 252 Ear, 40–46 aetiology and pathogenesis Ear development, 26–27 acute bacterial infections, 219 Eardrum, 41 acute viral infections, 218–219 Early childhood assessment tools, 663–664 amyloidosis, 222 Early glottal cancer, 490–492 blastomycosis, 221 Early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI), 967 chronic laryngitis, 220 Early vs. late tracheostomy, 519 1102 Index
Ear malformations, 926–934 rigid, 366 epidemiology, 926–927 size, 365 grades of dysplasia of the pinna, 927 vocal fold vibration, 369–371 inner ear, congenital malformations, 932–934 Enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA), 974 outer and middle ear, congenital malformations Entwicklungstest 6-6-Revision, 691–692 auditory assessment, 931 Environmental factors, 562–563 clinical examination, 929, 931 Epicritic sensibility, 688 clinical signs and classification, 927–929 Episodic memory, 111 CT score, 932 Epithelial dysplasia, 490–492 diagnosis, 929 Equal loudness contours, 54 microtia grade III, 927, 928 Erythema, 320–321 newborns with, 931 of posterior margin, 270 ossicular CMs, 928 Essential tremor, 481 surgical/conservative therapy, 932 Etymotics ER-3C insert earphone, 862, 863 syndromes, hearing loss, 929, 930 Eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction temporal bone imaging, 931 anatomy, physiology and pathologies, 1054–1055 Ear moulds, types, 993–997 diagnostic evaluation, 1055–1056 Earobics, 743–744 surgery, 1056–1057 Earplugs from foam, 976 Evidence-based medicine (EBM), 141–144 Ear-specific anomalies, 786 applications of, 144–147 Ectrodactyly, Ectodermal Dysplasia, Clefting (ECC) Evidence-informed healthcare, 141–144 syndrome, 593 Evoked response audiometry (ERA) Eddy-induced sound, 202 auditory steady-state responses, 896 Educational provision planning/management broadband and frequency-specific ABR, 894–896 health and education services integration, 1040–1041 conventional click stimulus, 895 planning support services, 1038–1039 cortical ERA, 896 Edwards syndrome, 591 estimated audiogram, 896–897 Electric-acoustic stimulation (EAS) frequency-dependent time delay of sensory assessment test battery, 1020–1022 perception, 895 HA limitation, 1019–1020 hearing rehabilitation, 898–899 hearing preservation, 1018–1019 level-latency curves, 897–898 indication in children, 1020 on objective threshold audiometry, 894 principles, 1016–1018 patient preparation and test implementation, 896 studies, 1022–1023 tone bursts, 895 Electro-audiometry, 902–903 Exercise, 76 Electrocardiography (ECG), 772–773 Exhalation process, 450 Electroencephalography (EEG), 116–118, 167, 694 Expressive (Broca’s) aphasia, 276 Electroglottography (EGG), 402–403, 442 Expressive language with phonetic, phonological levels, Electromagnetic articulography (EMA), 660 912–916 Electromyography (EMG), 442, 659, 660 Expressive Vocabulary Test-2nd Edition (EVT-2), 914 Electronic speech device, 503 Extended high-frequency audiometry (EHF), 782 Electronic voice-generating devices, 506 External auditory canal, 41 Electronystagmography, 905–906 External ear, 28 Electropalatography (EPG), 660 anomalies of, 28–29 Electrophysiological methods, 945 External laryngeal muscles Electrotherapy, 451 laryngeal structures, folding and unfolding of, Elongation thyroplasty, 494, 496 212–213 Embouchure dystonia, 388 vocal folds, length adjustment of, 213–214 Emotionally attuned facial expressions in parent and voice pedagogy and therapy, laryngeal height in, 214 child, 970 voice production, external laryngeal frame in, 212 Emotional or behavioural disorder (EBD), 669 External motoric branch, 283 Encephalitis, 777 Eye movements test, 904–905 Endocrine dysfunction, 481 Endogenous virilisation, 302 Endolarynx, 368 F Endolymph, 57 Facies, 642 Endoscopes Facioscapulo-humeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), 794 definition, 365 Falsetto, 82 flexible, 366–367 Falsetto register, 459 indirect laryngoscopy, 367–369 Family audiometry, 970–971 Index 1103
Family tree Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GER), 263–264 of autosomal recessive hearing disorder, 859, 860 Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD), 263, 437 family history and recording, 859, 860 Gatifloxacin, 479 Famotidine, 481 Gender dysphoria, 303 Farmers rotation test, 906 Gender identity disorder, 303 Fast ForWord® (FFW), 742–743 Gender vocology, male-to-female transsexuals, see Fast Fourier transform (FFT), 198 Male-to-female transsexuals Female-to-male (FM) transsexuals General cognitive developmental stage, 921 phoniatricians, 308–309 Genetic counselling, 161, 721, 971 testosterone-induced voice alteration, 308 communication and support, 164 Female vocal registers, 208 definition, 161 Female voice organ, 302 directive vs. non-directive genetic counselling, 164 Fexofenadine, 448 indications, 161–162 FG syndrome (FGS), 812 molecular diagnosis, 162–163 Final consonant deletion, 650 multifactorial disorders, 163 Fine Motor Skills, 692 recurrence risk, 163 Finite element method (FEM), 103 Genetic hearing impairment, 785 First passaggio, 208 Genetic investigation, 773 Flaviviruses, 778 Genetic syndromes, 166 Flow glottography (FLOG), 398–399 Genetic testing, 938 Fludeoxyglucose (FDG), 117 hearing loss, genetic diagnosis in, 159–160 Fluoxetine, 484 high-throughput sequencing, 157–159 Foam test, 904 inheritance modes, 156–157 Foetal alcohol syndrome, 819 molecular genetic testing, 157 Foetal Hydantoin syndrome, 819 newborn hearing screening, 161 Formant tuning, 79–82 prevalence and genetic heterogeneity, 155–156 Forward head posture (FHP), 450 Genetic treatment, 1070–1071 FOXP2-gene, 6 Genomic medicine, 229–230 Fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene, 567 Gentamicin, 784 Fragile X syndrome, 567, 595 Geometrical models, articulatory models, 101–102 Frequency following responses (FFR), 945 German Association for Music Physiology and Frequency-modulated auditory evoked responses Musicians’ Medicine (DGfMM), 85 (FMAER), 945 German Sign Language (DGS), 767 Frequency-modulated (FM) communication system, 784 Glissando, 76–77 Frequency Modulation System, 779 Global aphasia, 276 Frequency resolution, 59–60 Global myofascial techniques, neck, head and torso Fricative consonants, 97 area, 476–477 Fröschels, Emil, 9 Glottal flow rate (GFR), 201 Fry register, 459 Glottal phonation, 203–204, 507 Functional dysphonia, 240, 248–249 Glottal sulcus, 24 psychogenic dysphonia and aspects, 297–298 Glottoplasty, 492 Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 116, Goitre-deafness syndrome, 810 118, 700–701 Goldenhar syndrome, 789 Functional/malregulative dysphonia, 214, 216–217 Göttingen Developmental Test of Tactile-Kinaesthetic Functional (peripheral) swallowing disorders, 644 Perception, 692 Functional voice disorders Granulomatosis with polyangiitis of the larynx, 314–315 aetiology, 241–242 GRBAS scale, 354 clinical diagnosis, 242–243 Griffiths Mental Development Scales Revised, 663–664 definition, 240 Guaifenesin, 479 dysodia, 242 Gutzmann, Albert, 8 hyperfunctional and hypofunctional dysphonia, 242 Gutzmann, Hermann, 8, 9 management, 243–244 Gutzmann test, 353 terminology, 240–241 Fungal laryngitis, 270 H Habilitation, 83 G Habitual/psychogenic aphonia, 439 Gabapentin, 481 Habitual voice, 241 Ganciclovir, 775, 776, 781 Hall radius, 66 Gap detection, 60 Halmagyi’s head thrust, 904 1104 Index
Haloperidol, 484 interdisciplinary cooperation, 1002 Hand Grip Strength Test, 692 selection, 997–999 Handicaps, multiple sounds, 990 amplification, 1047 special issues communicative rehabilitation approaches, dead regions, 1003 1047–1048 low-frequency hearing loss, 1004 essential elements, 1073 mild hearing loss, 1002 goals of intervention, 1046 multiple disabilities, 1004–1005 hearing, 1074 OME, 1003 risks, 1046 steep-sloping high-frequency hearing, 1004 team, 1046 unilateral hearing loss, 1003 Handmotorik, 692 types Hanen Parent Education Programme, 970 ear moulds, 993–997 Hanen Program, 720 hearing aids, 993 Haptic exploration task, 692 validation, 1001–1002 Haptics perception, 688–689 verification, 999–1000 Hard palate, 642 Hearing disorders, 147, 735 Head and neck surgery, rehabilitative aspects after childhood impairment, 1072 oropharyngeal swallowing disorders, rehabilitation clinical signs, 858 of, 509–510 factors, 1072–1074 partial laryngectomy (larynx preservation surgery), Hearing-impaired children 506–509 multidisciplinary team, 985–986 quality of life in patients, 510–511 sharing information, 986 rehabilitative aspects after, 509 Hearing loss, 155–157, 746 voice and speech rehabilitation, total laryngectomy aetiology of (see Voice and speech rehabilitation) additional disabilities, 771 Head register, 206 clinical examination, 772 Head righting reflexes, 906 consultative examinations, 772–773 Head-shaking nystagmus, 905 family audiograms, 772 Healing cap, 1067 family history, 772 Healthcare general history, 772 legislative features, 138–139 imaging, 773 medical instruments, sterilisation and disinfection of medical investigations, 771 healthcare settings, transmission of pathogens in, risk factors for PCHI, 769–771 147–148 serological investigations, 773 reprocessing and European directives, Legal timing of investigations, 771–772 Aspects, 150–151 vestibular investigations, 773–774 reprocessing principles, 148–149 auditory neuropathy/auditory dyssynchrony, WHO classification 841–842 coding, 138 auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder, 841–842 diagnosis and classification systems, 125–126 auditory processing, development stages of, 757, ICD, 126–136 764–765 ICF and ICF-CY, 126, 137 behavioural responses to sound, development of, Health-related quality of life (HRQOL), 511 765–766 Hearing central hearing disorders, 842–843 hearing organ, anatomy and physiology of, 55–57 conductive hearing loss, 838–840 perception of sounds, 58–59 definition of, 752, 755 temporal-spectral processing, 59–61 diagnostics of, 721 Hearing aids, 769 epidemiological studies, 838 features, 997–999 epidemiology, in children interdisciplinary cooperation, 1002 case definition, 755–756 selection and fitting, 997 incidence, 752 types, 993, 994 normal hearing, 756–763 validation, 1001–1002 prevalence of, 755–756 verification, 999–1000 genetic diagnosis in, 159–160 Hearing assistive technology, 1028–1029 genetics of, 785–786 Hearing devices fitting hearing, development stages of, 757, 764–765 audiological candidacy, 991–992 mixed hearing loss, 841 audiometric data, 992–993 neurotropic viruses, infection with (see Neurotropic audiometric preconditions, 991–992 viruses) Index 1105
ototoxicity in children Hormonal dysphonia, 197 anticancer, 779–780 Hormone-related dysphonia anti-infective agents, 780–781 diabetes mellitus, 302 audiological diagnostics, 782 dysfunction audiological monitoring, 782–784 pituitary gland, 301 audiological post-therapeutic follow-up, 784 suprarenal glands, 302 loop diuretics, 781 thyroid and parathyroid glands, 301–302 ototopical medications, 781–782 sex hormones therapy and prevention, 784 menopausal women, 300–301 prevalence, 837 mutation, 300 progressive, fluctuating and sudden hearing loss, 843 voice disturbances, 300–302 psychomotor and cognitive stages, 769 Hormone replacement therapy, 481 sensorineural hearing loss, 840–841 Hormones, 480–481 cochlear implantation, 769 Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 879 hearing aids, 769 Hughson-Westlake procedure, 864 speech and language development Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, 774–776 conductive hearing loss, 767 Human herpes virus (HHV6) infection, 776–777 language acquisition, 766 Human immune deficiency virus (HIV), 778 sensorineural hearing loss, subgroups of, 767–768 Human vocal range, 75–76 sign language, 766–767 Humming approach, 453 syndromes associated with Hunter syndrome, 807 autosomal dominant disorders, 792–799 Huntington’s chorea, 278 autosomal recessive disorders, 800–811 Hurler disease, 806 ear-specific anomalies, 786 Husson, Raoul, 7 Hereditary Hearing Loss Homepage, 786 Hybrid approach, 720 mitochondrial mutations associated with Hydrocortisone, 781 syndromic hearing impairment, 817–818 Hyothyroid (HT) muscles, 212 non-genetic syndromes with hearing loss, 819 Hyperacusis numerical chromosomal aberrations, 787–788 abnormal peripheral function, 847 postzygotic mutation with effect on sex acoustic reflex testing, 847 development, 816 audiometric assessment, 847 structural chromosomal aberrations, 789–791 central auditory gain, 846 X-linked inheritance, disorders with, 812–815 clinical practice, 849 Hearing loss/central auditory processing disorders, counselling for, 848 563–565 definition and epidemiology, 846 Hearing organ, anatomy and physiology of, 55–57 diagnostic assessment, 847–848 Hearing range, 58 hearing protection, 848 Hearing tests for intellectually and multiply loudness intolerance, 846 handicapped children, 943–947 medications, 849 Hemangioma, 218 peripheral and central mechanisms, 846–847 Herbal products, 482, 483 self-report questionnaires, 848 Hereditary Hearing Loss Homepage, 786 stapedial reflex dysfunction, 846 Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, 776 treatment approaches, 848–849 Heterochromia of iris, 860 Hyper-adduction disorders, 278–279 Hidden Markov Model (HMM) synthesis, 513, 514 choreas, 278–279 High-definition laryngography, 442 pseudobulbar/supranuclear palsy, 278 High-fidelity voice recording, 442 spasmodic dysphonia, 279–280 Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAAT), 778 Hyperfunctional dysphonia, 242, 420–421 High-speed video (HSV), 370–371 Hyperfunctional voice disorders, direct voice therapy in High-throughput sequencing, 157–159 chewing approach, 458 Histoplasmosis, 221 confidential voice therapy, 458 Hoarseness, 230 laryngeal massage, 457–458 Holistic approaches register glide, 459 Accent Method, 454 softening glottal attack, 459–460 focusing (muscle-specific vocal exercise), 454–455 stretch and flow technique, 458–459 resonant therapy, 452–453 Yawn and Sigh, 457 source-force adjustment, 454 Hypernasality, 225 SOVT exercises, 455–457 Hypersensitivity reactions, 316 vocal function exercises, 453–454 Hypertelorism-hypospadias syndrome, see Opitz G/BBB vocal tract shaping, 455 syndrome 1106 Index
Hypertelorism with oesophageal abnormalities and Interindividual tolerance of drugs, 229–230 hypospadias, see Opitz G/BBB syndrome Internal auditory meatuses (IAMs), 773 Hypertonicity of pharyngo-oesophageal (PE) International Association of Scientific Studies on segment, 437 Intellectual Disability (IASSID), 944 Hypertrophy, 250 International Classification of Functioning, Disability Hypo-adduction, 276–278 and Health (ICF), 126, 137 closed head trauma, 277–278 International Classification of Functioning, Disability motor neuron disorders, 278 and Health and the Children and Youth Version parkinsonism, 276–277 (ICF-CY), 126, 137 Hypofunctional dysphonia, 242 International Female Fluctuating Masker (IFFM), 882 Hypofunctional voice disorders, direct voice therapy, 460 International Statistical Classification of Diseases Hyponasality, 225 (ICD), 126 Hypospadias-dysphagia syndrome, see Opitz G/BBB Irritable larynx syndrome (ILS), 292 syndrome Isometric contraction, 460 Hypothyroidism, 481 Isophones, 54 Isshiki’s techniques, 493
I Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss, 1050 J Illnesses, hearing problems, 859 Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test, 692 Immune-mediated inner-ear disorders, 843 Jebsen-Taylor Test, 692 Immunisation, UNHS, 968 Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (JLNS), 160, 771, Impairment, 68 772, 803 Implantable hearing aids Joint Committee on Infant Hearing, 965 BC (see Bone conduction (BC)) Juvenile otosclerosis, 1051–1052 CI, 1065–1066 classification, 1005 indications, 1065 K prerequisites to surgery, 1066 K-ABC-II, 664 surgical hearing rehabilitation, 1062 Kartagener syndrome, 804 surgical procedures, 1066–1068 Kaufman-Assessment Battery for Children, 664 types, 1005 Kearns-Sayre syndrome, 817 Inconsistent errors, 613 Keratosis, 223 Indirect voice therapy Kussmaul, Adolph, 8 Indoor air climate, 256 Indoor allergens, 316 Inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO), 288 L Infantile acquired aphasia, see Landau-Kleffner Labyrinth, inner ear, 42 Syndrome Labyrinthitis, 1051 Infant reflexes, 683–684 Lamina Propria Inferior colliculus, 47 polypoid corditis (Reinke’s Oedema), 258–259 Inferior constrictor, 32 vocal fold nodules, 257–258 Inhalation phonation, 439 vocal fold polyps, 258 Inhaled corticosteroids, 480 Landau-Kleffner syndrome, 172, 566, 746 Inheritance modes, 156–157 Langer-Giedion syndrome, 790 Injected allergens, 316 Language acquisition, 6, 543, 544, 766 Innate immunity, 315–316 Language-covering general developmental tests, 634, Innate language-learning mechanism, 543 638–640 Inner ear, 56 Language development stimulation, 970 malformations of, 28 Language Development Survey (LDS), 553, 625 Inside-out theories, 543 Language disorder, 165, 442 Instant voice press, 453 diagnosis, 165–167 Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV), 158 diagnostic procedures, 169–170 Intellectual disabilities, 563 electroencephalography, 167 Intelligibility evaluation, 915–916 expressive language development disorder and Intelligibility in Context Scale (ICS), 652 articulation, 170–172 Intensity, 199 laboratory studies, 169 Interarytenoid muscle, 284 Landau Kleffner syndrome, 172 Inter-aural level difference (ILD), 55 motor electroneurography, 168–169 Inter-aural time difference (ITD), 52, 55 SSEPs, 168 Index 1107
treatment, 174 rigid laryngoscopy and fibrescopy, 379 VEPs, 167–168 stroboscopy or high-speed stroboscopy, 378 Language impairment (LI), 607 superior laryngeal injury, 378 in children with developmental disabilities, 554 triggering problems, 379 in children with hearing loss and other sensory valleculae, 378 deficits, 555 vocal folds, 377–378 and other somatic diseases, 555–556 Laryngeal framework surgery (LFS), 493–496 in preterm infants, 554–555 arytenoid adduction, 493, 494 Language, neuroanatomical basics, 49–50 cricothyroid approximation, 494, 495 Language ocalisation, development of, 108–109 elongation thyroplasty, 494, 496 Language stages Isshiki’s techniques, 493 Inside-out theories, 543 laryngoplasty, 493 language acquisition, 543, 544 lateralisation thyroplasty, 494, 495 Milestone characterization, 543 medialisation thyroplasty, 493 normal speech disfluencies, 548–549 posterior and medialisation laryngoplasty windows, normal speech-language development, 542, 543 493, 494 nurture and nature, 544 relaxation thyroplasty, 494, 495 Outside-in theories, 543 thyroplasty, 493 preverbal phase (first year), 543 Laryngeal granuloma, reflux disease, 309–310 Babbling stage, 545 Laryngeal injection techniques, 492–493 cooing stage, 545 Laryngeal/laryngotracheo-oesophageal clefts, 24 crying stage, 544–545 Laryngeal massage, 457–458 first word (10–13, at the latest 20 months), 546 Laryngeal pacing (LP) system first word understanding (9 months), 545–546 Laryngeal phonatory function prosodic characteristics, 543 acoustics sensitive (critical) period, 543 electroglottography, 402–403 in utero, 543 electromyography, 403–405 verbal phase parameters, 400–401 more complex sentences (37-60 months), 548 phonetography/voice range profile, 401–402 multiple-word sentences (25-36 months), 548 visible speech, 399–400 one-word sentences (holophrastic stage, 12–18 aerodynamics months), 546–547 flow glottography, 398–399 perfecting (‘the intuitive linguistic period,’ 4–14 phonation airflow, 398 Years), 548 phonation, efficiency of, 399 two-word sentences (telegraphic stage, 18-24 subglottal air pressure, 399 months), 547–548 audio recording, 396 Language tests, 629–631, 634 sound pressure levels, 397 DDSL, risk for, 634 Laryngeal sensory neuropathy, 292 for German-and English-speaking Europe, 635–640 autosomal dominant hereditary sensory screening and diagnostic assessment with, 633 neuropathy, 293 SDDSL, diagnosis of, 631, 632 calibrated air pulse technique, 293–294 test values, interpretation of, 629 chronic cough, 293 Language therapy, 174, 540 diagnoses, 292 Large endolymphatic duct and sac syndrome (LEDS), FEESST method, 293 973–975 gabapentin, 294 Laryngeal atresia, 24, 217–218 irritable larynx syndrome, 292 Laryngeal candidiasis, 219–220 lamina propria mucosa, 292 Laryngeal clefts, 23 lamina propria sensation, 292 Laryngeal contact granuloma, reflux disease, 310 neurophysiological and pathological studies, 293 Laryngeal examination paradoxical adduction, 292 voice disorder paradoxical vocal fold motion, 292 base of the tongue, 378 Laryngeal tuberculosis, 311–312 diplophonia, 378–379 Laryngeal webs, 24 before examination, 376 Laryngectomy, 436–437 with flexible endoscope, 377 Laryngoceles, 21, 24, 218, 260–261 no laryngoscope available, 378 Laryngomalacia, 21, 217 observers, 377 Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), 220, 265, 266, patient positioning, 376–377 310, 437 Piriform Fossa, 377 management, 449 with rigid laryngoscope, 377 medical treatment in, 481–482 1108 Index
Laryngopharyngeal sensitivity (LPS), 293 examination, 390 Laryngopharynx, 31 kymography, 393–395 Laryngoplasty (LPL), 493 methodology, 389–390 Laryngostroboscopy, 466 occupation-specific diseases, 388–389 Laryngoton®, 463 stroboscopy Laryngo-video-kymograpy, 442 embouchure types, 390, 392 Laryngo-videostroboscopy, 442 functional analyses, 392–393 Larynx, 33–39 vibration phases, 390, 391 communication and swallowing disorders Logopedic/SLP examinations anterior neck, muscles of, 36, 37 prerequisite for interpretation, 693–694 inner muscles, 34, 35 standardized test procedures, 693 interior of, 34, 35 Lombard effect, 67 internal branch, 37 Longitudinal wave, 56 internal cavity of, 34 Long QT interval-deafness syndrome, 803 outer muscles of, 33, 34 Long-term memory, 111 skeleton of, 33 Loop diuretics, 781 and reflux, 265–268 Loratadine, 448 sensory system, 291 Lorazepam, 484 with tabular characterisation, 264 Loudness, 53–54 ultrasound Loudness-based exercises, 78 critical evaluation, 419 Loudness discomfort level (LDL) testing, 868 doppler techniques, 418–419 Loudness tests, PTA, 868 sonographic examination, 416–418 Lowered larynx technique, 81 Larynx amyloidosis, 313–314 Low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss, 768 Late-onset hearing loss, control intervals/screenings management, 967–968 Lateral compression, 460 M Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle, 284 MacArthur-Bates communicative development Lateralisation thyroplasty, 494, 495 inventories, 625 Lateral lemniscus, 47 MacKay-Kummer SNAP Test-R, 909 Lateral sulcus, 49 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), brain Late talking, 745 advantages and challenges, 699 Laver’s Vocal Profile Analysis Scheme, 354 diffusion tensor imaging, 701 Lee Silverman voice therapy technique, 460, 481 functional MRI, 700–701 Legato, 77 motor and sensory regions of cerebral cortex, 698 Leiter-R Memory Screen, 917 principles of, 699 Lengthened and disrupted coarticulatory structural imaging/voxel-based morphometry, transitions, 613 699–700 Lessac’s Y-Buzz exercise, 452 Magnetoencephalography (MEG), 106, 116–118 Levator veli palatini, 29 Makaton®, 735, 738, 740–741 Levofloxacin, 479 Malaria, 781 Lexeme, 106 Male falsetto, 207–208 Lexical Neighborhood Test (LNT), 912 Male-to-female transsexuals Lidocaine, 480 aetiology, 303–304 Light emitting diode (LED), 365 epidemiology, 303–304 Light sources gender-specific voice fitting cold light, 364–365 phonosurgical approaches, 305–307 LED, 365 voice fitting by training, 307–308 stroboscopic light, 365 gender-specific voice perception, 304 Light voice use, 487 gender-specific voice production, 304–305 Linear component nalysis (LCA), 103 terminology, 303 Ling 6 sound test, 880–881, 917 treatment, 305 Linguistic symptoms, 539 Malformations, larynx, 21–24 Lips Malregulative dysphonia, 197 external orofacial examination, 642 Mandibular swellings, 13 functionality examination, 642–643 Manual Laryngeal Muscle Tension Procedure, 458 Lip vibrations, in brass musicians Manual myofascial techniques, larynx, 477 body-cover model, 388 Manual stereognosis, 688 Index 1109
Maroteaux-Lamy disease, 809 Mixed thoracic/abdominal breathing, 352 Marshall syndrome, 795 Modal register, 207 Martin-Bell syndrome, see Fragile X syndrome Modern Singing Voice Handicap Index (MSVHI), Masking, 54 362, 363 bone-conduction testing, 865–866 Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness, 817 (M-CHAT-R), 184 Maternal phenylketonuria, 805 Modified Hughson-Westlake procedure, 864 Maxillary swellings, 13 Modified voice rest, 449 Maximum flow declination rate (MFDR), 452 Modiolus, 44 Maximum phonation time (MPT), 201, 355, 398 Mohr-Tranebjaerg syndrome, 814 Maximum repetition-rate (MRR), 657 Mondini deformity, 773 McCune-Albright syndrome, 816 Mondini malformation, 934 McKusick’s catalogue, 163 Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), 484 Meaningful auditory integration scale (MAIS), 917 Morgagni, Giovanni Battista, 5 Meaningful use of speech scale (MUSS), 917 Moro reflex, 906 Mean length of utterances (MLU), 628, 629, 915 Morphemes, 106 Mean speaking pitch, 355 Morphology and syntax assessment, 914–915 Measles, 777 Morquio diseaseMPS4, 808 Measures of intelligence, 664 Motor electroneurography, 168–169 Mechanical trauma, elimination of, 449 Motor execution, 615 Medialisation thyroplasty, 493 Motor function, 570 Medical anamnesis, 858 Motor nervous, pharynx, 32 Meige syndrome, 388 Motor neuron disorders, 278 Memory, 110–112 Motor planning, 615 Menière’s disease (MD), 1050–1051 Motor programming approaches, 614–616 Mental development index (MDI), 777 Moxifloxacin, 479 Mental lexicon, 106 Muckle-Wells syndrome, 795 Mental retardation, 563 Mucolytic agents, 479 Mesopharynx, 31 Mucopolysaccharidosis, 806 Messa di voce, 78–79 type II, 807 exercise, 454 Muenke syndrome, 796 Metabolic disorders, 166 Muenster parental programme (MPP) Mezza voce, 79 family-centred early intervention, 988 Michel malformation, 934 goals, 988 Microcephaly, 169 logo, 988 Microflap technique, 488 3-month programme, 989 Microgenia, 860 study results, 989–990 Microinvasive carcinoma, 223 valuable activity, 989 Microtia, 860 Multilingualism and aural atresia, 838 assessment and evaluation, 552 Midbrain reflexes, 684 bilingual language acquisition, 551 Middle constrictor, 32 definition, 550 Middle ear, 41–42, 56 language development and competence, 551–552 infections, medical treatment, 1049 management issues, 552–553 malformations of, 28 populations exposed, 550 Middle register, 208 types, 550 Mid-frequency sensorineural hearing loss, 768 Multimodal Lexical Sentence Test for Children Mild sensorineural hearing loss, 768 (MLST-C), 912 Minimal response level, 756 Multiple-choice auditory graphic interactive check Minimum masking level (MML) procedures, 878 (MAGIC), 945 Minocycline, 781 Multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification Minor salivary gland tumours, 224 (MLPA), 158–159 Minspeak®, 741–742 Multisyllabic Lexical Neighborhood Test (MLNT), 912 Mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and Mumps, 777 stroke-like episodes (MELAS), 818 Münster classification, 752 Mitochondrial mutations associated with syndromic Muscle action potential (MAP), 168–169 hearing impairment, 817–818 Muscle-specific vocal exercise, 454–455 Mitomycin C, 782 Muscle tension dysphonia, 242 Mixed hearing loss, 752, 841, 866–867 Musculus uvulae, 30 1110 Index
Music Neurotmesis, 287 frequency, 71–73 Neurotropic viruses intensity, 71 acute infection, 774 muscle-specific approach, 75–76 diagnostics/audiological monitoring, 779 onset and damping, 76 DNA viruses, family Herpesviridae rhythm, 74 herpes simplex virus infection, 776 singing, styles, genres and vocal ornamentation human cytomegalovirus infection, 774–776 in, 81–82 human herpes virus infection, 776–777 tempo, 74 latent infection, 774 timbre, colour, spectrum, 73–74 prevention, 779 vocal muscle building exercises, 76–79 retroviruses, HIV/AIDS, 778 vocal pedagogy, multidimensional approach for, RNA viruses 82–83 flaviviruses, 778 vocal tract exercises and formant tuning, 79–81 paramyxoviruses, 777 Musicians’ earplugs, 977 togaviruses, 777–778 Musicians’ medicine, 83 slow virus infection, 774 ‘German’situation, 84–85 therapy/rehabilitation, 779 health problems, 85–86 Newborn and infant reflexes, 671–683 instrumental practice, 83 Newborn hearing screening programme (NHSP), international situation, 85 771, 969 medicine fields, 86 Newcastle Audio Ranking (NeAR), 354 modern community, 84 Next-generation sequencing (NGS), 157–159 special requirements, 86 Nijmegen Breakage syndrome, 594 textbooks, 85 Nissen fundoplication, 220 up-to-date modern musicians’ medicine, 85 Nizatidine, 481 Mutational dysphonia, 439 Noise criteria (NC), 68 Mycobacterium chelonae, 148 Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), 975–978 MyCore13®, 737, 741 Noncritical instruments, 149 Mylohyoid nerve, 40 Non-directive genetic counselling, 164 Myoclonus epilepsy associated with ragged-red Non-formal assessment of language comprehension, 911 fibres, 818 Non-genetic syndromes with hearing loss, 819 My Sentence Builder© (MSB), 743 Nonlinear source-filter theory of voice production, 455 Non-organic (functional) hearing loss (NOHL), 851–852 Non-specific DDSL,see DDSL associated with N language-relevant comorbidities Naming tests Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), norm-referenced assessment tools, 654–655 322, 480 process-orientated assessment, 653 Non-syndromal sensorineural hearing loss, 971–973 segment-orientated assessment, 652–653 Non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL), 785 Nasal corticosteroid sprays, 480 Non-verbal compensatory strategies, 613 Nasal-Reflecting Method, 440 Nonverbal intelligence test, 663 Nasal resonance disorders in hearing loss, 908–909 Noonan syndrome, 796 Native phonetic inventory, 648 Northwestern University Children’s Perception of Speech Neomycin, 780 Test (NU-CHIPS), 912 Neonatal reflexes tests, 906 Nose/nostrils, external orofacial examination, 642 Nerve conduction velocity (NCV), 168–169 Numerical chromosomal aberrations, 787–788 Nerve-muscle pedicle technique, 499 Neural feedback loops, 57 Neurapraxia, 287 O Neuroendocrine tumours, 224 Oblique glottoventricular phonation, 507 Neurofibromatosis Occlusion, internal orofacial examination, 642 type 1, 593 Occupational safety and health (OSH), legislative type 2, 796 features, 140 Neurogenic spasmodic dysphonia, 437 Occupational therapy, 540, 732 Neurogenic voice disorders, 437 adapted/simplified approaches, 920 Neurolinguistics, 105–106 assessment and in-context observations, 733 Neuromuscular electro-phonatory stimulation client-centred approach, 919 (NMEPS), 451 contextual observation of child’s participation, 920 Neuromuscular electrostimulation (NMES), 462–463 criterion-referenced developmental assessment Neuronal migration disorders, 167 tools, 920 Index 1111
hearing impairment, 919 Otitis media (OM), 719, 770, 781 information gathering and interview, 919–920 acute, 839 intervention approaches, 733–734 cholesteatoma, 1070 norm-referenced developmental assessment chronic, 839, 1049 tools, 920 clinical observation, 1049 self-care aspects, 919 OME, 839–840, 1003, 1049, 1056 social and academic benefits, 919 preventive measures, 1049 Occupational voice disorders, 241 primary closure, 1069 aetiology, 245 subtypes, 1053 clinical effects, 247–248 tympanic cavity, 1056 definition, 244 Otitis media with effusion (OME), 143, 144, 839–840, diagnostic procedures 1003, 1041, 1049, 1053, 1056, 1069 occupational history, 246–247 Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), 45 self-assessment of voice, 247 applications, 894 differential diagnosis, 250 detection of, 891 epidemiology, 244–245 DPOAE, 893–894 management of forms of, 891 certification, 251 measurement of, 891–892 prophylaxis, 251–252 nature and history, 891 treatment, 251 principle of, 891 risk factors, 245–246 reproducibility of, 892 vocal load effects, 247–248 SOAE, 892 Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential TEOAE, 891–893 (oVEMPs), 906 OtoID, 782 Oculodentodigital syndrome, 797 Otopalatodigital syndrome, 814 Oedema, of posterior margin, 269 Otosclerosis, 840 Oesophageal speech, 505 Otoscopy, 353, 863 Oesophageal voice, 503–505 Ototopical medications, 781–782 Oestrogen replacement therapy, 480 Ototoxicity in children Onset specific to childhood and adolescence, 566 anticancer, 779–780 Open bedside tracheostomy (OBT), 516, 517, 522 anti-infective agents, 780–781 Open-ended questions, 624 audiological diagnostics, 782 Open-fit hearing aids, 848 audiological monitoring, 782–784 Open throat relaxation, 451 audiological post-therapeutic follow-up, 784 Opera, 82 loop diuretics, 781 Ophthalmology, 772 ototopical medications, 781–782 Opitz Frias syndrome, see Opitz G/BBB therapy and prevention, 784 syndrome (OS) Outdoor allergens, 316 Opitz G/BBB syndrome (OS), 568, 813 Outer ear, 40–41 Opitz-Kaveggia/FG syndrome, 813 Outer hair cells, 45 Oral cavity, roof of, 15 ‘Outside-in theories,’ 543 Oral-motor examination protocol, 640 Overtones, 51 clinical history, 641 singing, 81 external orofacial examination, 642 functionality, 642–643 intraoral examination, 642 P orofacial structure and muscle tone at rest, 642 Pacing in bilateral vocal fold palsies phonetic speech sound disorder, 643–644 fitting process, 497 phonological speech sound disorder, 643 laryngeal pacemaker, 496–497 quality criteria, 625 laryngeal pacing system, 497–499 test instruments and materials, 641–642 Paediatric behavioural audiometry Oral stereognosis, 688, 692 air conduction, 869, 870 Oratorio, 82 BOA, 870–872 Organic/structural dysphonia, 196, 214, 216, 249–250 bone-conduction thresholds, 869 Organic voice disorders, 255, 442 CPA, 875–877 Organisational ergonomics, 69 hard-to-test populations, 877 Organ of Corti, 44, 57 physiological measures, 869 Orofacial regulation therapy, 731–732 test protocol, 869 Oropharyngeal swallowing disorders, rehabilitation of, test strategy, 869–870 509–510 VRA, 873–875 Oropharynx, 31 Paediatric temporal bone tumours and tumour-like Oscillatory backpressure, 455, 456 lesions, 935–936 1112 Index
Palate, 29–31 laryngeal tasks and function, 284–285 Palatoglossus muscle, 30 therapy, 290–291 Palatopharyngeal closure, 353 Peripheral neurological system, 271 Palatopharyngeus muscle, 30 Permanent childhood hearing impairment Papillomas, 262–263 (PCHI), 769–772 Papillomatosis, 490, 491 Permanent hearing loss, aetiological assessment, 921 Parachute reflex, 906 complementary testing, 926 Paradoxical vocal fold motion (PVFM), 292 diagnostic procedures, specifications, 922–926 Paramyxoviruses, 777 elements of, 922 Parental communication skill enhancement high-throughput next-generation sequencing, programmes, 969–970 924, 925 Parental guidance, hearing conservation Peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD), 160 general advice, 978–979 Persistent fistular voice (vox fistularis persistens), 300 head trauma prevention, LEDS, 973–975 Personalised medicine, 229–230 NIHL, 975–978 Perturbation parameters, 200–201 noise avoidance in combination with ototoxic Pervasive developmental disorders, 565–566, 746 drugs, 978 Perverse mutation (mutatio perversa), 300 Parent Language Checklist, 625–626 Pharyngeal arches, 18 Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status Pharyngeal voice and speech, 505 (PEDS), 625 Pharynx, 31–33 Parietooccipital sulcus, 49 internal orofacial examination, 642 Parkinsonism, 276–277 Phenotypes of non-syndromal sensorineural Parkinson’s disease, 481 hearing loss, 971 Paroxetine, 484 Phonation Partial laryngectomy (larynx preservation surgery), definition, 201–202 506–509 glottal phonation, 203–204 Passaggio, 75 sound sources within larynx, 202 Passive touch, 688 supraglottal phonation, 204–205 Pathological spontaneous activity, 405 by swallowing, 460 Patulous (patent) ET, 1052, 1055–1057 Phonation quotient (PQ), 355–356
PAX6-related disorders, 797 Phonation threshold (Lmin), 199 PCA, arbitrary factor analysis, parallel actor analysis Phonatory disorders, 195 (PARAFAC), 103 combined structural-regulatory dysphonia, 197 Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS-2), 692 definitions, 196 Peabody Individual Achievement Test organic and functional categories, 195 (PIAT)-Revised, 918 regulatory dysphonia, 197 Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT), 912 structural dysphonia, 196–197 Pediatric Voice Handicap Index (pVHI), 360 Phonatory function, 250 Pediatric Voice Symptom Questionnaire (PVSQ), 360 Phonemes, 648, 655 Pendred syndrome (PDS), 160, 810 Phonemic transcriptions, 658 Perceptual scales, 354 Phones, 648, 655 Percutaneous dilational tracheostomy, 518, 519 Phonetic component, 648, 652 Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), 146 Phonetic discrimination, 614 Perilymphatic fistula, 1051 Phonetic evaluation, 913 Peripheral auditory processing, 613 Phonetic manipulations, 455 Peripheral neurogenic voice disorders Phonetic speech sound disorders, 641 anatomy and physiology, 282–283 central swallowing disorders, 644 classification, 280 childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), 644 diagnostics dysarthria, 644 CT scans, 287, 288 dysglossia, 644 endoscopic laryngoscopy, 286 functional (peripheral) swallowing disorders, 644 interdisciplinary (neurological), 287, 288 mechanical causes, 644 laryngeal paralyses, 286–290 orofunctional causes, 643–644 peripheral lesions, 286 speech-language-relevant syndromes, 644 roughness-breathiness-hoarseness-scale, 287 speech sound disorders, 644 videostroboscopy, 286 Phonetic system, 106 history, 281–282 Phonetic transcription, 658, 913 laryngeal competence and incompetence, 285 Phoniatrics, 4 laryngeal innervation, 283–284 antiquity, 4–5 laryngeal motoric system, 284 articulatory models Index 1113
application of, 103–105 masking of sound, 54 biomechanical models, 103 perception of sound, 53 geometrical models, 101–102 physical properties of sound, 51–52 statistical models, 102–103 propagation of sound, 52–53 brain imaging, 115–118 sound waves, 51 communication and swallowing disorders renaissance, 5 auditory pathway and vestibular tracts, 46–49 after second world war, 9–12 cranium and face, 13–18 seventeenth to nineteenth centuries, 5–6 ear development, 26–29, 40–46 singing education, voice science and hygiene in, language, neuroanatomical basics, 49–50 86–91 larynx development, 19–24, 33–38 speech acoustics, 95–98 palate, 29–31 speech and language therapy, 112 pharyngeal arches, clefts and pouches, 18–19 diagnostics, 113–114 pharynx, 31–33 norms and individuality, 112–113 swallowing, 38–40 progress and termination of therapy, monitoring, tongue development, 24–26, 38 115 hearing therapy, 114 organ, anatomy and physiology of, 55–57 work with parents/carers, 114–115 sound perception, 58–59 speech perception, 98–99 temporal-spectral processing, 59–61 speech production language dynamics, 93–95 acquisition device, 6 statics, 91–93 cognitive functions, 110 theoretical concepts, 6 components, 106 voice aerodynamics and executive functions, 112 parameters, adequate balance of, 64–65 and memory, 110–112 sound production, 61–64 neurobiological models of, 107–108 voice and room acoustics neuropsychology, 109–110 direct sound vs. diffuse sound field, 66–67 ocalisation, development of, 108–109 excitation of rooms, 66 medical specialisation, 7–9 perception and production, feedback loops of, music 67–68 frequency, 71–73 resonances of rooms, 65 intensity, 71 voice ergonomics muscle-specific approach, 75–76 domains of, 69 onset and damping, 76 health and ergonomics, 68–69 rhythm, 74 multidisciplinary team, 70 singing, styles, genres and vocal ornamentation Phonological assessment, 913–914 in, 81–82 Phonological components, 648, 652, 641 tempo, 74 Phonological recognition, 614 timbre, colour, spectrum, 73–74 Phonological representation, 614 vocal muscle building exercises, 76–79 Phonological speech sound disorder, 643 vocal pedagogy, multidimensional approach for, Phonological system, 106 82–83 Phonosurgery, 7 vocal tract exercises and formant tuning, 79–81 biomaterials, 496 musicians’ medicine, 83 definition and principles, 486 ‘German situation’, 84–85 laryngeal complications, management and prevention health problems, 85–86 of, 487 instrumental practice, 83 laryngeal framework surgery, 493–496 international situation, 85 arytenoid adduction, 493, 494 medicine fields, 86 cricothyroid approximation, 494, 495 modern community, 84 elongation thyroplasty, 494, 496 special requirements, 86 Isshiki’s techniques, 493 textbooks, 85 laryngoplasty, 493 up-to-date modern musicians’ medicine, 85 lateralisation thyroplasty, 494, 495 neurolinguistics, 105–106 medialisation thyroplasty, 493 phoniatric setting, applications n, 118 posterior and medialisation laryngoplasty physics, acoustics, psychoacoustics windows, 493, 494 binaural hearing, 54–55 relaxation thyroplasty, 494, 495 loudness, 53–54 thyroplasty, 493 1114 Index
Phonosurgery (cont.) 5p-(5p minus)/Lejeune’s syndrome, see Cri du Chat laryngeal injection techniques, 492–493 syndrome oropharyngeal complications, management and Praat, 200 prevention of, 487 Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS), 567–568 peri-operative care, 486 Pragmatics, 106, 916 phonomicrosurgery of vocal folds Pre-and post-vocal loading voice parameters, 247–248 epithelial dysplasia and early glottal cancer, Preauricular pits, 860 490–492 Prelingual hearing loss, 785 glottoplasty, 492 Prelinguistic Milieu Teaching, 720 papillomatosis, 490, 491 Premature mutation (mutatio precox), 300 subepithelial lesions, management of, 488–490 Presbyacusis, 53 in topical anaesthesia, 492 Presbyphonia, 225 post-operative care, 486–487 Preschool Language Scale (PLS-5), 912 Phonovibrogram (PVG) Primary progressive aphasia, 276 computation, 371–374 Primitive reflexes, 671–683 evaluation, 372, 374–376 Principal component analysis (PCA), 103 Phrenic nerve, 499–500 Procedural memory system, 111 Physical ergonomics, 69 Process-orientated assessment, naming test, 653 Physiological phonological processes, 650, 651 Prognosis Physiotherapeutic and osteopathic therapy, on vocal child’s speech, language and educational organ attainment, 1022 education, 477 hearing disorders (see Hearing disorders) larynx and its area, manual myofascial and rehabilitation (see Rehabilitation) techniques, 477 Programmes for enhancing parental communication neck, head and torso area, global myofascial skills, 969–970 techniques in, 476–477 Progressive relaxation, 450–451 oncological treatment, 478 Prolonged mutation (mutatio prolongata), 300 self-therapy in patient’s active participation, 477–478 Promontory test, 901–902 Physiotherapy, 729–730 Prosody Bobath therapy, 731 evaluation, 915 Castillo Morales therapy, 731–732 intelligibility and pragmatics, 912–916 Vojta therapy, 730–731 Protopathic sensibility, 688 Phytotherapy, 451 Pseudobulbar/supranuclear palsy, 278 Picture exchange communication system (PECS), Pseudo-croup, 218–219 772, 1034 Pseudoglottis, 503, 504 Pinna, 40–41 Pseudoneurological phenomena, 177 Pitch-based exercises, 76–79 Pseudosulcus vocalis, 310 Pitch management techniques Psychoacoustics, 53 ear training for pitch awareness, 461 Psychogenic deafness, 177 head repositioning, 461 Psychogenic dysphonia, 470 manual manipulation, 460–461 Psychogenic factors, 241–242 pitch gliding, 461 Psychogenic voice disorders, 437 vegetative functions, 461 Psychological and socio-emotional sequelae, Pitch range, 198 1044–1045 Plant and animal food allergens, 316 Psychological sequels for parents after diagnosis Platinum drugs, 780 counselling and intervention, 947 5p monosomy/partial monosomy, 566 informing parents, 947–948 Polyphasic motor unit potential, 405 parental reactions and coping, 947 Polypoid corditis (Reinke’s Oedema), 258–259 Psychological therapy, 540 Polypoid degeneration, 320–321 Psychometric intelligence tests, 664 Portamento, 77 Psychometric procedures, 662–663 Portato, 77 Psychomotor and cognitive stages, 769 Positive interaction between parent and child, 970 Psychomotor development stages, 540–541 Positron emission tomography (PET), 106, 116, 117, 280 Psychomotor therapy, 732 Post-operative (re) habilitation, 1008, 1015, 1057 Psychosomatic medicine Postural reflexes, 683 aetiology and developmental psychopathology, Posture/vestibulospinal reflex tests, 904 181–182 Post-viral vagal neuropathy, 481 attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, 179–180 Postzygotic mutation with effect on sex clinical implications, 182 development, 816 diagnostics and treatment, 182 Index 1115
differential diagnosis, 182 Ranitidine, 481 dissociative motor disorders, 177 Rapid auditory processing deficit theory, 742–743 epidemiological and public health importance, Raven Matrices, 665 174–175 Receptive (Wernicke’s/sensory) aphasia, 276 phoniatrician-patient relationship, intervention in, Reciprocal relaxation, 451 177–179 Recording, PTA prevalence of, 180 audiogram, 866, 867 psychosomatic competence, 175–176 conductive hearing loss, 866 somatic disease and psychological state, 176 mixed hearing loss, 866–867 symptomatology, 180–181 normal range of hearing interpretation, 866 Psychosomatic voice dysfunctions, 299 presbyacusis, 867 oral communication, 294–295 sensorineural hearing loss, 866 phoniatric manifestations, 295–296 Recurrent otitis media, 1049 psychogenic aphonia, 296–297 Reflection, 52 psychogenic aspects Reflux, 256 functional dysphonia, 297–298 and larynx, 265–268 mutational falsetto, 298 and voice, 268–271 psychogenic dysphonia, 297–298 Reflux-related posterior laryngitis, 256 therapeutic strategies, 299 Refsum syndrome, 811 Psychotherapy, 451 Regulatory dysphonia, 197 Pulse register, 206 Rehabilitation and prognosis, 83 Pure-tone audiometry (PTA), 782, 945 audiological, 1044 behavioural test, 862 Aura programmes (see Aura rehabilitation Beyerdynamic DT 48 headphones, 862 programmes) dead-region testing, 869 benign lesions of larynx, treatment of Etymotics ER-3C insert earphone, 862, 863 behavioural voice therapy, 484, 485 frequency and stimulus level, 863 pharmacological treatment, 485 hearing threshold assessment, 894 surgical treatment, 485 limitations, 867–868 care and treatment of singers loudness tests, 868 classical and nonclassical singing, 464–465 principles, 863 different ages, voices at, 467 protocols and guidelines, 862 dysodia, 466–467 Radioear B71 bone-conduction transducer, 862, 863 emergency treatments, 467–468 recording Gustave Doré, heroic singers, 464 audiogram, 866, 867 laryngostroboscopy, 466 conductive hearing loss, 866 Manuel García, laryngoscopy, 464 mixed hearing loss, 866–867 phoniatric findings, 465 normal range of hearing interpretation, 866 professional interest, 463 presbyacusis, 867 vocal medical history, 465 sensorineural hearing loss, 866 voice assessment, 466 resources, 862–863 children stimulus type, 863 with auditory disorder (see Auditory processing test procedure disorder)) air-conduction stimuli, 865 with multiple handicaps (see Handicaps, ascending trials and responses, 864, 865 multiple) care, 863 CI (see Cochlear implant (CI)) masking, 865–866 computerised rehabilitation, 742 otoscopy, 863 childhood dysphasia with Landau-Kleffner protocols, 864 Syndrome, 746 supra-aural headphones, 864 CWMT, 744 Earobics, 743–744 FFW, 742–743 Q hearing loss, 746 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, 567 late talking/developmental language Quick Screen for Voice, 356, 357 delay, 745 MSB, 743 pervasive developmental disorders, 746 R prognosis, 745 Radioear B71 bone-conduction transducer, 862, 863 Résumé, 744 Randomized controlled trial (RCT), 144 SDDSL, 745–746 1116 Index
Rehabilitation and prognosis (cont.) relative indications of, 472 cultural influences, 1045–1046 vocal and performing arts medicine in opera and DDSL stage, 473 AAC, 735 voice problems, 468–469 diagnostics, 727–728 legislative features, 139–140 first identification, 727 neuromuscular electrostimulation, 462–463 initiation/prescription treatment, 728 pacing in bilateral vocal fold palsies integrated approach, 729 fitting process, 497 parent counselling, 728 laryngeal pacemaker, 496–497 performance of treatment, 728 laryngeal pacing system, 497–499 phoniatric management, 726–727 phonosurgery (see Phonosurgery) predispositions, 725–726 physiotherapy/osteopathy, 473, 729–730 treatment set-up/rehabilitation plan, 728 Bobath therapy, 731 treatment supervision and outcome control, Castillo Morales therapy, 731–732 728–729 of vocal organ, 476–478 diagnostic procedures, 1005 voice disorders, in patients with (see Voice dysphonia, drug treatment in disorders) analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents, 480 Vojta therapy, 730–731 antibiotics, 479 reinnervation in bilateral vocal fold palsies, 498, antihistamines, 478–479 501–502 complementary and alternative medicine, clinical trial, 500–501 482, 483 nerve-muscle pedicle technique, 499 corticosteroids, 479–480 phrenic nerve, 499–500 decongestants, 479 total motor reinnervation of larynx, 500 hormones, 480–481 variations of, 500 laryngopharyngeal reflux, medical treatment in, side effects of medications, 482–483 481–482 antidepressants, 484 local medical applications in voice disorders, 483 antineoplastic agents, 484 mucolytic agents, 479 beta blockers, 483 neurological conditions, medical treatment in, 481 caffeine, 484 family-centred care, 1045 cocaine, 484 head and neck surgery diuretics, 483 oropharyngeal swallowing disorders, sedatives, 484 rehabilitation of, 509–510 vitamin C, 484 partial laryngectomy (larynx preservation speech and language therapy, 725 surgery), 506–509 tracheostoma care quality of life in patients, 510–511 definition of, 516 rehabilitative aspects after, 509 standard operating procedure, 521, 522 voice and speech rehabilitation, total tracheostomy laryngectomy (see Voice and speech complications, 521–522 rehabilitation) definition of, 516–517 interdisciplinary approach for voice rehabilitation early vs. late, 519 endocrinologist, consultation with, 437–438 indications, 517 GERD, 437 open bedside tracheostomy, 517 laryngectomy, 436–437 percutaneous dilational tracheostomy, 518, 519 LPR, 437 rehabilitation and decannulation, 523 neurogenic voice disorders, 437 surgical tracheostomy, 518, 519 phoniatrician as coordinator, 438 tracheal tube, 520–521 psychogenic voice disorders, 437 vocal rehabilitation of laryngectomised patients pulmonologist, consultation with, 437 speaker modelling, 512–513 timing and decision-making, 438 text-to-speech synthesis, 511–512 voice disorders, prosthodontic rehabilitation, 438 usage scenarios, 515–516 voice disorders with motor/posture problems, 438 voice banking, 513–515 international opera festival, cancellation policy, voice rehabilitation, prognosis of 470–471 internal factors, 523–527 absolute indications, 471–472 prognostic factor, 523 acute haematoma right vocal fold, 470, 471 voice therapy (see Voice therapy) interpretation, 469–470 Reinke’s oedema, 488, 489, 524 professional singers and speakers, evaluation Reinke’ space, 34 of, 469, 470 Relapsing polychondritis, 222 Index 1117
Relaxation exercises, 509 benign neoplasia, 263 Relaxation methods contact ulcer/granuloma, 261–262 imagination, 451 laryngocele, 260–261 open throat relaxation, 451 papillomas, 262–263 progressive, 450–451 sulcus vocalis, 260 reciprocal, 451 vocal fold cysts, 259–260 stretching exercises, 451 Second passaggio, 209–210 Relaxation thyroplasty, 494, 495 Sedatives, 484 Reliability of psychometric tests, 625 Sedlackova syndrome, see 22q11.2 deletion syndrome Renaissance, 5 Seeman test, 353 Reprocessing Segment-orientated assessment, naming tests, 652–653 legal aspects of, 150–151 Seidner’s alternation test, 407 principles, 148–149 Selective mutism (SM), 185–186 Resonance disorders, 224–225 aetiology and developmental psychopathology, 186 Resonance tube method, 439 clinical implications, 187 Resonant oscillation, 231 diagnostics and treatment, 187 Resonant therapy, 452–453 differential diagnosis, 186–187 Resonant voice therapy (RVT), 452–454 symptomatology, 186 Resonator, 64 Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), 187, 484 Respiration-adapted phonation, 440 Self-administered questionnaires Respiratory distress, 287 Pediatric Voice Handicap Index, 360 Respiratory mobility, 203 Pediatric Voice Symptom Questionnaire, 360 Responsive interaction technique, 720 for professional users, 360–364 Retroviruses, 778 Self-Evaluation Questionnaire, 360 Rett syndrome, 569 visual analogue scale, 359 Reversible and irreversible sensorineural Vocal Performance Questionnaire, 358 hearing loss, 781 Voice Activity and Participation Profile, 359 Reynell developmental language scales (RDLS), 912 Voice Disability Coping Questionnaire, 360 Reynolds number, 97 Voice Handicap Index, 358, 359 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 222, 312–313 Voice-Related Quality of Life, 358 Rhinophonia, 401 Voice Symptom Scale, 358 Rhythmic (prosodic) approaches, 616 World Health Organization, 357 Risk-reduction strategies, 977 Self-Evaluation Questionnaire, 360 RNA viruses Semantics, 106, 914 flaviviruses, 778 memory, 111 paramyxoviruses, 777 representation, 614 togaviruses, 777–778 Semicircular canals, 42–44 Romberg’s test, 904 Semicircular ducts, 43 Room acoustics, 67 Semi-critical instruments, 149 Roughness-breathiness-hoarseness-scale Semi-obstructive vocal tract (SOVT) exercises, 455–457 (RBH-scale), 287 consistent backpressure, 455, 456 Rubella, 777–778 oscillatory backpressure, 455, 456 transitory backpressure, 455 Sense of movement, 690 S Sense of position, 690 Sacculus, 43 Sense of tension, 690 Salt-and-pepper retinopathy, 778 Sensorimotor stage, 542 Sanfilippo disease, 807 Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), 59, 771, 840–841, Sanger sequencing, 157 866 Sarcoidosis, 221 cCMV, 773 Sarcomas, 224 ECG, 772 Satchmo’s syndrome, 389 HSV, 776 Scala media, 44 intervention for Scala vestibuli, 57 cochlear implantation, 769 Scheie syndrome, 810 hearing aids, 769 Schinzel-Giedion syndrome, 786, 797 subgroups of, 767–768 Schlaffhorst-Andersen method, 449–450 Sensory cueing approaches, 616 Screening Index for Voice Disorders (SIVD), 356 Sensory disorders and multiple disabilities, 565 Secondary language impairments, 165 Sensory integration and praxis tests (SIPT), 692 Secondary pathological changes Sensory organisation test (SOT), 906 1118 Index
Sequential/successive acquisition, 550 Sound production, 61–64 Sertraline, 484 Sound signals, 272 Sforzando, 78 Sound sources, 51, 67 Sharp injury, 224 Sound therapy, 848 Shell ear mould, 994–996 Sound waves, 51 Shimmer, 200 Source-force adjustment, 454 Shprintzen syndrome, see 22q11.2 deletion syndrome Spasmodic dysphonia (SD), 279–280, 481 Siberian and Far Eastern virus, 778 Speaker modelling, 512–513 Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), 55, 67, 1002, 1029, 1031 Specific developmental disorder of speech and language Sign-supported English, 1034 (SDDSL), 554, 626, 713, 715, 743, 745–746 Sihvo’s LaxVox Method, 456 diagnosis of, 631, 632 (see also Specific language Simulated source pulses, 95–96 impairment (SLI)) Simultaneous acquisition, 550 Specific language disorder (SLD), 607 Singer’s formant cluster, 81 Specific language impairment (SLI), 138, 556, 607, 745 Singing Speech acoustics, 95–98 and speaking voice range profile, 331, 332 Speech and language therapy, 112, 1012, 1014, 1015, styles, genres and vocal ornamentation in, 81–82 1035 Singing and speaking voice range profile, 331, 332 developmental disorders, 146 Singing education, voice science and hygiene, 86–91 diagnostics, 113–114 Singing voice disorders norms and individuality, 112–113 acute overuse, 253–254 phoniatric management chronic overuse, 254–255 diagnosis, 728 dysfunction and diseases hampering singing diagnostics, 727–728 acute inflammation, 255 first identification, 727 chronic inflammation, 256 initiation/prescription treatment, 728 hormonal influences, 256 integrated approach, 729 indoor air climate, 256 parent counselling, 728 organic voice disorders, 255 performance of treatment, 728 reflux, 256 phoniatric management, 726–727 significant changes, in the vocal tract, 256 set-up of the treatment/ rehabilitation plan, 728 tumours, 256 treatment supervision and outcome control, vocal fold movement disorders, 256–257 728–729 structural modifications, 252 predispositions, 725–726 systematic classification, 253 progress and termination of therapy, monitoring, 115 Singing Voice Handicap Index (SVHI), 361, 362 therapy, 114 Singspiel, 82 work with parents/carers, 114–115 Smith Accent Method, 440 Speech audiometry Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome, 568–569, 594 phoneme and word level Sob timbre, 82 auditory speech tasks, 880 Social anxiety, 187 auditory tests, functional levels, 880 Softening glottal attack, 459–460 closed tests, 882 Soft palate, 642 Ling 6 sound test, 880–881 functionality examination, 643 open-set tests, 881–882 Somato-psychological disorder, 176 phoneme/syllable level, 880–881 Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs), 168 steady-state noise, 882 Somatosensory sensation, 685–688 word level, 881–882 Sostenuto, 76 platinum-induced high-frequency hearing loss, 782, Sotos syndrome, 594 783 Sound Speech communication in hearing-impaired children localisation, 54–55 auditory perception skills, 916–917 masking of, 54 communication mode perception of, 53 manual communication, 908 physical properties of, 51–52 oral communication, 908 production, 61–64 sign language and spoken language, 908 propagation of, 52–53 narrative skills, 911–912 signals, 272 nasality and voice function, 908–910 sources, 51, 67 non-verbal communication, 910 therapy, 848 phonological awareness, 917–918 waves, 51 preverbal communication skills, 910 Sound pressure levels (SPLs), 51, 397 reading assessment, 918 Index 1119
receptive language/comprehension with/without lip characteristics of, 646–647 reading, 911–912 classification of, 645, 646 relation of hearing, language and speech, 907–908 definition of, 645 school achievement and academic chances, 907 differential diagnosis, 645 sign language assessment, 910 organic causes, 645 speech recognition and production, 907 Speech transmission index, 68 supralinguistic measures, 911–912 Spinal reflexes, 684 visual perception skills, 917 Split palate, 17 writing assessment, 918 Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs), 892 Speech development, child, 858 Squamous cell carcinoma, 222–223 Speech disorders, 442, 607 Staccato, 77–78 Speech dyspraxia, 612 Standard operating procedure (SOP), 521, 522 Speech-generating devices (SGD), 1047 Standard progressive matrices (SPM), 665 Speech intelligibility evaluation, 55, 915–916 Stanford Achievement Test for Hearing-Impaired Speech Intelligibility Index (SIL), 68 Students (SAT-HI), 918 Speech-language pathologist (SLP) examination Stark Assessment of Early Vocal Development-Revised prerequisite for interpretation, 693–694 (SAEVD-R), 544 standardized test procedures, 693 Sterilisation, 148–149 Speech-language-relevant syndromes, 644 Sternohyoid (SH) muscles, 212 Speech level singing, 82 Sternothyroid (ST) muscles, 212 Speech motor analysis in children, process-orientated Stickler syndrome, 798 approach Stimulation of language development, 970 acoustic analysis, 659 Stockholm voice evaluation approach, 354 diadochokinetic task, 657 Stop-signal task (SST), 668 elicitation tasks for, 657 Straining phonation, 439 hardware options, 658–659 Stretch and flow technique, 458–459 maximum repetition-rate, 657 Stretching exercises, 451 neuroimaging studies, 660 Stroke-induced aphasia, 147 perceptual analysis, 657–658 Strong syndrome, see 22q11.2 deletion syndrome physiological and kinematic assessment, 659–660 Structural chromosomal aberrations, 789–791 Speech/non-speech discrimination, 614 Structural dysphonia, 196–197 Speech perception, 98–99 Structural imaging/voxel-based morphometry, 699–700 testing, 655–656 Structured screening test, 626 Speech processing model, 613, 614 Stuttering (fluency disorders), 138, 145, 442 Speech profile, 658 Stylohyoid muscle, 40 Speech recognition threshold (SRT), 882 Stylopharyngeus muscle, 32 Speech sound development, assessment of Subepithelial cyst-like amyloid, 313–314 age of acquisition, 650 Subepithelial lesions, management of common mismatches, 650 epidermoid cyst, removal of, 490 earliest sounds, 650 Reinke’s oedema, operation of, 489 framework for, 648–650 retention cysts, 489 intelligibility, 650 vocal fold polyp resection, 489 linguistic fundamentals, 647–649 vocal nodule resection, 488 physiological phonological processes, 650, 651 Subglottal haemangioma, 24 speech sound disorders (see Speech sound disorders Subglottal oedema, 320 (SSD) in children) Subglottal pressure, 230–231 stopping, 650 Subglottal stenosis, 218 structural simplifications, 650 Subjective self-ratings, 247–248 systematic simplifications, 650 Subjective visual vertical/subjective visual horizontal Speech sound disorders (SSD) in children, 644–649, 656 (SVV/SVH) test, 906 assessment procedure of, 650 Subligamental cordectomy, 490–492 documentation of spontaneous speech, 652 Sudden hearing loss, 843 history, 651–652 Sudden sensorineural hearing loss, 843 intelligibility, 652 Sulcus vocalis, 260 naming test, examination with, 652–655 Superficial sensation, 688 observation of spontaneous speech, 652 Superior constrictor, 31 oral-motor examination, 652 Superior laryngeal nerve, 283 phonological consistency in words, 656 Superior olivary complex, 46–47 speech perception testing, 655–656 Supra-aural headphones, 976 stimulability of isolated phones, 655 PTA, 864 1120 Index
Supraglottal laryngectomy, 507 Test procedure, PTA Supraglottal phonation, 204–205 air-conduction stimuli, 865 Supraglottitis, 219 air-conduction thresholds, 865 Surgical tracheostomy, 518, 519 ascending trials and responses, 864, 865 Suspected speech-language disorder, 622, 623 care, 863 Sustained-frequency otoacoustic emissions, 894 masking, 865–866 Swallowing, 38–40 otoscopy, 863 disorders, 146 protocols, 864 functionality examination, 643 supra-aural headphones, 864 Swedish Voice Handicap Index, 356 Text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis, 511–512 Symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR), 683 Thalamus, 48 Symptomatic cofactors, 241–242 Therapeutic parental guidance programmes, 986–987 Symptomatic profile Thioridazine, 484 hoarseness, 230 3D geometrical model, 102 subglottal pressure, 230–231 Thyroarytenoid muscles, 284 vocal folds, mass, shape and tension distribution, Thyroid cartilage, 33 231–232 Thyroid function tests, 773 vocal tract, supraglottal shape, 232, 233 Thyroplasty, 493 Syndromal conductive hearing impairment, 839 Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), 778 Syndromic hearing impairments, 785, 786 Tinnitus, 781, 782, 849–851, 1051 Syntactic system, 106 in children and teenagers Syntax, 106 HA, 1028–1029 Systematic analysis of language transcripts (SALT), 626 healthcare professionals, 1027 Systemic lupus erythematosus, 222 special issues, 1030 strategies, 1027 drug treatment, 1025–1026 T evaluation Tactile acuity, 688–689 audiological examination, 878 Tactile-kinaesthetic perception, 684–685 in children and teenagers, 879–880 assessment and evaluation tools, 691–693 classification, 877 haptics, 688 clinical examination, 877–878 kinaesthetic (proprioceptive) modality, 689–690 loudness matching, 878 sensibility, 688 magnetic resonance imaging, 879 somatosensory modalities, development of, 690–691 medical history, 877 somatosensory sensation, 685–688 and psychophysical assessment procedures, 878 tactile spatial resolution, 688–689 residual inhibition, 1026 Takao syndrome, see 22q11.2 deletion syndrome sound therapy, 1026 Tandem gait, 904 tools, 1026–1027 Teeth, internal orofacial examination, 642 TRT, 1026 Teicoplanin, 781 Tinnitus and Hearing Survey (THS), 879 Telithromycin, 479 Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), 878 Temporal bone fractures, 1050 Tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT), 848, 1025, 1026, 1051 Temporal bone tumours and tumour-like lesions in Tissue-induced sound, 202 children, 935–936 Tobii Dynavox T10®, 738 Temporal resolution, 60–61 Tobii Sono Lexis®, 738 Temporal-spectral processing, 59–61 Togaviruses, 777–778 Temporary hearing-threshold shift (TTS) system, Tonal exercises, 79 515, 516 Tongue, 38 Temporomandibular joint, 474–475 abnormalities, 25–26 external orofacial examination, 642 development, 24–26 functionality examination, 643 functionality examination, 643 Tensor veli palatini, 30 internal orofacial examination, 642 Tessitura, 75–76 model, 103 Test of Auditory Comprehension of Language, 917 Tongue model, 103 Test of Child Speechreading (ToCS), 911 Tongue sonography, articulation Test of Early Reading Ability: Deaf Hard of Hearing brass instrument training, 697–698 (TERA-D/HH), 918 diagnostic applications, 696–697 Test of Language Development: Intermediate examination methods, 694–696 (TOLD-I), 915 speech rehabilitation, visual biofeedback for, 697–698 Test of Reading Comprehension (TORC), 918 tongue functions, 694 Index 1121
Tongue-tip-up breathing, 449 control intervals/screenings management, 967–968 Tonic labyrinthine reflex (TLR), 683 early aetiological investigations, 968 Touch Inventory for Elementary-School-Aged Children effectiveness, 964 (TIE), 692 EHDI, 967 Townes-Brocks syndrome, 798 hospital-based, 964 Tracheal stenosis, 522 immunisation, role of, 968 Tracheo-oesophageal (shunt) voice and speech, 505–506 limitations, 965–967 Tracheostoma care primary prevention, 964 definition of, 516 risk screening, 963–964 standard operating procedure, 521, 522 screening failures, 965–967 Tracheostomy screening principles and methods, 965 complications, 521–522 screening programme, 967 definition of, 516–517 secondary prevention, 964 early vs. late, 519 test failure rate, 965 indications, 517 University of Washington Quality of Life—head and open bedside tracheostomy, 517 neck cancer questionnaire (UW-QOL), 511 percutaneous dilational tracheostomy, 518, 519 Unterberger’s test, 904 rehabilitation and decannulation, 523 Up-down glissando-sostenuto exercise, 79 surgical tracheostomy, 518, 519 Upper register, 208–209 tracheal tube Upper thoracic/clavicular breathing, 352 functions of, 520 Upward spread of masking, 54 pressure of cuff, 521 Urine examination, 773 types and characteristics, 520–521 Usher syndrome, 160, 772, 811 Training in handling hearing, 1023–1025 Tranquilisers, 484 Transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS), 451 V Transgender voice therapy, 461–462 Vaccination, UNHS, 968 Transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE), 768, Valganciclovir, 775, 776 782, 891–893 Validity for psychometric tests, 625 Transient otoacoustic emissions (TOAE), 933 Vancomycin, 781 Transitory backpressure, 455 van den Berg, Janwillem, 7 Transnasal flexible laryngoscopy, 366–367 Vascular loops with contact to cranial nerves, 934 Trauma, 840 VDCQ, see Voice Disability Coping Questionnaire Traumata, 224–225 (VDCQ) Traumatic laryngitis, 224 Velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS), see 22q11.2 Treacher Collins syndrome, 799 deletion syndrome Tremolo, 81–82 Velum palatinum, 29 Tremor, 280 Ventral cochlear nucleus, 46 Tricyclic antidepressants, 484 Ventricular dysphonia therapy, 461 Trillo, 81 Ventricular folds, 81 Tuberculosis, 221 Ventricular phonation, 507 Tuberculous laryngitis, 311–312 Verbal apraxia, 276 Tuning curve, 60–61 Verbal dyspraxia, 276, 612 Turbulence, 232 Verrucous carcinoma, 224 Turner syndrome, 591, 788 Vertical laryngeal posturing, 455 Twang, 82 Vesalius, Fleming Andreas, 5 Two-point discrimination, 688, 689, 691 Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials test Tympanic cavity, 28 (VEMPs), 906 Tympanic membrane and middle ear abnormalities, 839 Vestibular investigations, 906–907 Tympanosclerosis, 840 Vestibular labyrinth and receptors, 903 Vestibular rehabilitation (VR), 1015, 1050 Vestibular symptoms, 859 U Vestibular system, 690 Uncomfortable loudness level (ULL), 868 Vestibular tracts, 48–49 Unilateral hearing loss, 775 Vestibulo-collic reflex, 49 Unilateral paralysis, 287–289 Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) test, 903–905 Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, 768 Vestibulospinal reflex (VSR), 903 Unit selection, 512 Vestibulum, 42–44 Universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) vHIT, see Video head impulse test (vHIT) birthing facilities, 965 Vibration-induced nystagmus, 905 1122 Index
Vibrato, 81 female vocal registers, 208 Vibrotactile/kinaesthetic-proprioceptive first passaggio, 208 biofeedback, 450 male falsetto, 207–208 Video head impulse test (vHIT), 906 middle register, 208 Videokymography (VKG) modal register, 207 advantages, 379, 380 pulse register, 206 clinical examples, 384–387 second passaggio, 209–210 digital kymography, 380 upper register, 208–209 disadvantages, 380 whistle register, 210–211 equipment setup, 380–381 yodelling, 211–212 examination procedure, 380–381 Vocal tract discomfort scale (VTDS), 247 features in voice disorders, 381, 383–384 Vocal tract exercises, 79–81 normal findings, 381–383 Vocal tract reshaping, 80 standard laryngoscopic and images, 379–380 Vocal tract shaping, 455 strobo videokymography, 380 Vocal trauma, 224 structural appearance, 380 Vocal warming-up, 439 vibratory function, 380 Vocastim®, 463 Video-oculography, 905–906 Voice Virus-induced hearing loss, 779 in childhood and adolescence Visual analogue scale (VAS), 359 age-and development-related voice Visual biofeedback, 450 diagnostics, 326 Visually evoked potentials (VEPs), 167–168 clinical assessment, 333 Visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA), 756, development and normative values, 326–327 873–875, 881 dysphonia, 327–330 Vital capacity (VC), 398 functional diagnostics, 331, 332 Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), 484 supplementary diagnostic methods, 331–333 Vocabulary acquisition, 768 vocal apparatus, 330–331 Vocal Abuse Reduction Program, 449 vocal performance and quality, 327 Vocal apparatus, 330–331 in elderly Vocal attack, 76 aetiology, 323–324 Vocal cord haematoma, 253 definition, 323 Vocal damping, 76 diagnosis, 324–325 Vocal fold augmentation, 493 prognosis, 325 Vocal fold cysts, 259–260 treatment, 325 Vocal fold dysfunction (VFD), 288 and room acoustics Vocal fold erythema, 320 direct vs. diffuse sound field, 66–67 Vocal fold movement disorders, 256–257 excitation of rooms, 66 Vocal fold mucosa, 63–64 perception and production, feedback loops Vocal fold nodules, 257–258 of, 67–68 Vocal fold polyps, 258 resonances of rooms, 65 Vocal fold vibration Voice Activity and Participation Profile (VAPP), 359 high-speed video, 370–371 Voice and speech rehabilitation stroboscopy, 369–370 electronic voice-generating devices, 506 Vocal frequency range, 198 mechanism of, 502 Vocal function exercises, 453–454 oesophageal speech, 505 Vocal granuloma therapy, 461 oesophageal voice, 503–505 Vocal hygiene pharyngeal voice and speech, 505 hydration-humidification, exposure to, 449 sound generation, 503 irritant inhalation, avoidance of, 449 total laryngeal transplantation, 503 laryngopharyngeal reflux management, 449 tracheo-oesophageal (shunt) voice and speech, mechanical trauma, elimination of, 449 505–506 Vocal muscle building exercises, 76–79 Voice Assessment Protocol for Children and Adults Vocal nodules, 249 (VAP), 356 Vocal output curve, 409 Voice attacks, 356 Vocal pedagogy, multidimensional approach Voice banking, 513–515 for, 82–83 Voice changes in hearing loss, 909–910 Vocal Performance Questionnaire (VPQ), 358 Voiced articulation, 202 Vocal pitch range, 355 Voice Disability Coping Questionnaire Vocal registers, 75, 205–207 (VDCQ), 360 belting, 211 Voice disorders, 146 Index 1123
computed tomography, 410–411 superior laryngeal injury, 378 definition of, 194–195 tongue base, 378 diagnostics and treatment, genetic perspectives, 229 triggering problems, 379 dysphonia valleculae, 378 acute bacterial infections, 219 vocal folds, 377–378 acute viral infections, 218–219 laryngeal phonatory function (see Laryngeal amyloidosis, 222 phonatory function) blastomycosis, 221 light sources chronic laryngitis, 220 cold light, 364–365 congenital vocal fold paralysis, 217 LED, 365 functional/malregulative, 214, 216–217 stroboscopic light, 365 hemangioma, 218 lip vibrations, in brass musicians histoplasmosis, 221 body-cover model, 388 incidence, 214 examination, 390 irritation, laryngitis secondary to, 221 kymography, 393–395 large-scale epidemiological studies, 214 methodology, 389–390 laryngeal atresia and webs, 217–218 occupation-specific diseases, 388–389 laryngeal candidiasis, 219–220 stroboscopy, 390–393 laryngocele, 218 local medical applications in, 483 laryngomalacia, 217 magnetic resonance imaging, 412–413 larynx malignancies, 222–224 with motor/posture problems, 438 LPR, 220 non-instrumental voice examination and screening organic/structural dysphonia, 214, 216 articulation, 356 presbyphonia, 225 extrinsic and intrinsic laryngeal muscles, 352 sarcoidosis, 221 larynx, 351 social and economical consequences, 214 medical history, 350–351 subglottal stenosis, 218 neck examination, 351 systemic inflammatory diseases, 222 respiration, 352 traumata, 224–225 screening methods, 356–357 tuberculosis, 221 velopharyngeal competence, 353–354 Wegener granulomatosis, 221–222 vocal tract, 351 endoscopes voice quality, 354–356 definition, 365 phonation flexible, 366–367 definition, 201–202 indirect laryngoscopy, 367–369 glottal phonation, 203–204 rigid, 366 sound sources within larynx, 202 size, 365 supraglottal phonation, 204–205 vocal fold vibration, 369–371 phonatory disorders external laryngeal muscles combined structural-regulatory dysphonia, 197 laryngeal structures, folding and unfolding of, definition, 196 212–213 organic and functional categories, 195 vocal folds, length adjustment of, 213–214 regulatory dysphonia, 197 voice pedagogy and therapy, laryngeal structural dysphonia, 196–197 height in, 214 phonovibrogram voice production, external laryngeal computation, 371–374 frame in, 212 evaluation, 372, 374–376 genetic background, 226–228 physiotherapeutic and osteopathic diagnosis indications for, 441–442 cervical spine and arms area, range of interindividual tolerance of drugs and personalised motion, 474 medicine, 229–230 larynx area, direct manual examination of, 475 laryngeal examination mandible, temporomandibular joint and hyoid diplophonia, 378–379 bone, mobility in, 474–475 before examination, 376 myofascial system in, 475–476 with flexible endoscope, 377 from oncological treatment, 477 observers, 377 postural disorders, assessment of, 474 patient positioning, 376–377 visual examination, 474 Piriform Fossa, 377 prevention rigid laryngoscopy and fibrescopy, 377, 379 behavioural aspects, 431–432 stroboscopy/high-speed stroboscopy, 378 constitutional limits, 431 1124 Index
Voice disorders (cont.) Voice dosimetry, 397 developmental aspects, 432 Voice ergonomics environmental aspects, 432–433 domains of, 69 principal rules, 433 health and ergonomics, 68–69 prosthodontic rehabilitation, 438 multidisciplinary team, 70 self-administered questionnaires Voice Handicap Index (VHI), 142, 147, 287, Pediatric Voice Handicap Index, 360 357–359, 511 Pediatric Voice Symptom Questionnaire, 360 Voiceless consonants, 97 for professional users, 360–364 Voice loading tests Self-Evaluation Questionnaire, 360 Seidner’s Alternation test, 407 visual analogue scale, 359 vocal load capacity, 405–407 Vocal Performance Questionnaire, 358 vocal output curve, 408, 409 Voice Activity and Participation Profile, 359 voice performance, 407 Voice Disability Coping Questionnaire, 360 voice strain, 409, 410 Voice Handicap Index, 358, 359 Voice onset time (VOT), 98 Voice-Related Quality of Life, 358 Voice outcome survey (VOS), 247 Voice Symptom Scale, 358 Voice production World Health Organization, 357 external laryngeal frame in, 212 symptomatic profile theory, 7 hoarseness, 230 Voice production theory, 7 subglottal pressure, 230–231 Voice prosthesis, 502 vocal folds, mass, shape and tension Voice quality, perceptual evaluation, 354–356 distribution, 231–232 Voice range profile, 199–200 vocal tract, supraglottal shape, 232, 233 Voice rehabilitation, prognosis of three-dimensional imaging, 413–415 anatomical/neurological disorder, degree ultrasound and type of, 524 cervical venous congestion, 420–421 chemical trauma, 524 larynx, 416–419 external factors in phoniatrics, 415 clinician’s skills and capabilities, 527 pseudoglottis, laryngectomised patients, occupational risks, 528 419–420 patient’s social environment, 528 videokymography techniques and tools, 527 advantages, 379, 380 therapy environment, 527 clinical examples, 384–387 general health conditions, 524 digital kymography, 380 mechanical trauma, 524 disadvantages, 380 motor learning equipment setup, 380–381 learning styles, 524–525 examination procedure, 380–381 neural plasticity, 525–526 features in voice disorders, 381, 383–384 phase-related application, 525 normal findings, 381–383 principles and influences, 525 standard laryngoscopic and images, 379–380 psycho-emotional factors, 526–527 strobo videokymography, 380 therapeutic compliance and adherence, 526 structural appearance, 380 respiratory system, 524 vibratory function, 380 Voice-related quality of life (VRQOL), 247, 287, voice loading tests 358, 511 Seidner’s Alternation test, 407 Voice rest vocal load capacity, 405–407 absolute, 448 vocal output curve, 408, 409 modified, 449 voice performance, 407 Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS), 247, 358 voice strain, 409, 410 Voice therapy, 462 voice production, parameters of, 197–198 agreement on choice, 443 acoustic parameters, 200–201 behaviour, 462 dynamic range and voice range profile, 199–200 classification of, 446, 447 fundamental and mean fundamental frequency, diverse related methods, 440 198–199 (see also specific disorders) holistic methods, 440 Voice disturbances non-related methods, 439–440 in course of pregnancy, 301 pushing exercises, 438–439 diabetes mellitus, 302 complementary voice therapy, 442–443 menstrual cycle, 300–301 components Index 1125
faulty vocal technique, correction of, 440 phoniatrician as voice therapist voice hygiene advice, 440–441 behaviour readjustment, 445 definition of, 438 connected speech in everyday life, 445 direct methods patient’s homework, 445 holistic approaches (see Holistic approaches) Vojta therapy, 730–731 in hyperfunctional voice disorders, 457–460 Volume-induced sound, 202 in hypofunctional voice disorders, 460 VOR test, see Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) test paradoxical vocal fold motion therapy, 461 Voxlog, 248 pitch management techniques, 460–461 VSR, see Vestibulospinal reflex (VSR) for psychogenic aphonia, 461 transgender voice therapy, 461–462 ventricular dysphonia therapy, 461 W vocal granuloma therapy, 461 Waardenburg syndrome, 799, 860 final assessment type 1, 593 documentation and tabulation, patient’s Wearing hearing protection, 976 condition, 446 Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 664 duration and cost, 446 Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of initial protocol of assessment, 445–446 Intelligence, 665 of functional dysphonia, 147 Wechsler test, 407 indications for, 441–442 Wegener’s granulomatosis, 221–222, 314–315 indirect methods Wernicke, Carl, 8 acupuncture-acupressure, 451 Wernicke’s area, 49, 107 alternative/complementary approaches, 451 Whistle register, 210–211 biofeedback, 450 Wideband tympanometry, 889 breath support, 449–450 Williams-Beuren syndrome, 569–570, 592 conscious medical hypnosis, 451 Williams’ syndrome, see Williams-Beuren syndrome counselling, 448 Wireless microphone systems, 1029–1030 neuromuscular electro-phonatory Wobble, 81 stimulation, 451 Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome, 592, 786, 791 phytotherapy, 451 Woodcock Reading Mastery Test (WRMT) Revised, 918 posture, 450 Working memory, 668 psychotherapy, 451 and word finding, 912–916 relaxation, 450–451 Worster-Drought syndrome, 171 vocal hygiene, 449 voice rest, 448–449 initiation and supervision X follow-up sessions, 444 Xeroderma pigmentosum—Cockayne syndrome, 803 goal setting of therapy programme, 443 X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, 815 post-therapy guidelines, 445 X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA), 815 schedule, 443–444 X-linked hearing loss (XNSHL), 157 termination criteria, 444 X-linked inheritance, disorders with, 812–815 work organisation, phoniatrician and X-linked Opitz G/BBB syndrome, 568 logopedist, 443 larynx/glottis and vocal function, morphology of, 442 motion, 462 Y neural plasticity, 462 Yodelling, 211–212