WATER-RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS IN WISCONSIN Programs and Activities of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1991-92 By D.E. Maertz U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report 92-125 Madison, Wisconsin 1992 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MANUEL LUJAN, JR., ecretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Dire :tor For additional information write to: Copies of this report can be purchased from: District Chief .S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey B ooks and Open-File Reports Section Water Resources Division Etenver Federal Center 6417 Normandy Lane P.O. Box 25425 Madison, Wisconsin 53719-1133 Denver, Colorado 80255 CONTENTS Program Page Basic data collection 001 Collection of basic records surface water.............................................................................................. 1 002 Collection of basic records ground water............................................................................................ 10 00201 Detection of faults and fractured bedrock using electromagnetic and seismic geophysical techniques, Copper Falls State Park, Mellen, Wisconsin .............................................. 12 003 Collection of basic records water quality ............................................................................................ 13 00351 Reconnaissance for herbicides in ground water in the midwestern United States ................................. 14 004 Collection of basic records sediment................................................................................................... 15 006 FEMA flood-insurance study ................................................................................................................. 17 007 Wisconsin water-use data file................................................................................................................. 18 Interpretive studies 035 Low flow at outfall sites ......................................................................................................................... 19 084 Effects of land-use changes on an urban lake .........................................................................................20 093 Ground-water-quality appraisal of Wisconsin's aquifers .......................................................................22 109 Regional flood-frequency study for urban and rural streams in Wisconsin ...........................................23 110 Effects of acid precipitation on lakes in northern Wisconsin .................................................................26 129 Long-term effects of acid precipitation on lakes in northern Wisconsin................................................26 116 Effects of acid precipitation on lakes in northwestern Wisconsin..........................................................28 123 Water resources of Wisconsin Indian reservations................................................................................. 30 133 Lake water-quality monitoring, chemical and biological monitoring of selected lakes.........................34 13301 Lake water-quality monitoring, statewide lake-stage and secchi-disc monitoring................................. 36 138 Lake assessment Fowler Lake .............................................................................................................37 144 East River water-quality assessment study............................................................................................. 38 145 Occurrence, transport, and simulation of PCB's in the Lower Fox River, Wisconsin ...........................39 149 Detention pond evaluation......................................................................................................................41 151 NAWQ A national - relations between land- and water-management practices andcontaminant effects on aquatic organisms....................................................................................42 153 Assessment of the hydrology and water quality of Powers Lake...........................................................43 15401 Ground-water control of the chemical evolution of Nevins Lake, Michigan .........................................44 155 Hydrology and water quality at smallmouth bass streams in southwest Wisconsin ..............................45 158 Evaluation of the sand and gravel aquifer in the preglacial bedrock valley of southernWaukesha County, Wisconsin..............................................................................................47 159 Assessment of the hydrology and water quality of Wind Lake ..............................................................48 160 Balsam Lake water and phosphorus budgets ..........................................................................................49 161 PCB and other contaminant loads to Green Bay, Lake Michigan ..........................................................50 16101 Cedar Creek Mass Balance Study........................................................................................................... 51 163 Roles of ground-water transport and lake-sediment sorption processes in mercury cycling in northern Wisconsin lakes .....................................................................................52 164 Superfundremedial response support, EPA Region V...........................................................................53 166 Best management practice evaluation .................................................................................................... 54 167 Mobility of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) from bottom sediments to water in an industrialized river basin ............................................................................................................55 168 Evaluating best management practices in the Black Earth Creek Basin................................................ 56 169 Evaluating the toxicity of urban runoff.................................................................................................. 57 170 Hydrologic investigations of wetland restoration and creation projects ................................................58 171 Determination of sediment-reduction goals in priority watershed projects............................................59 172 Evaluation of water-quality trends in priority watersheds......................................................................60 17301 Wisconsin lakes, Assessment of the hydrology and phosphorus loading to Fish and Mud Lakes, Dane County, Wisconsin ..................................................................................61 17302 Wisconsin lakes, Whitewater Lake, Wisconsin...................................................................................... 63 17303 Wisconsin lakes, Silver Creek................................................................................................................ 65 17304 Wisconsin lakes, Devil's Lake water-budget model ..............................................................................66 m 174 National water-quality assessment (NAWQA) of western Lake Michigan drainages ...........................69 175 Hydrologic and biogeochemical budgets in temperate lakes and their watersheds, northern Wisconsin .............................................................................................................................71 176 Sources of pollutants in urban runoff .........................k...........................................................................73 177 The relationship between lake stage, ground-water levels, and agricultural drainage ditches in the vicinity of Pretty Lake, Wisconsin ...^...........................................................................74 178 Ground-water resources at the Kettle Moraine Springs Fish Hatchery, Sheboygan County, Wisconsin ...............................|........................................................................... 75 179 Transport of trace organics from the Sheboygan Rivef into Lake Michigan .........................................76 18001 Mercury cycling in lakes-effects of acid precipitation on acidic lakes in northern Wisconsin .................................................*...........................................................................77 18002 Mercury cycling in lakes-hydrologic considerations associated with the artificial acidification of Little Rock Lake in Vilas County, Wisconsin ...........................................................79 18003 Mercury accumulation, pathways, and processes.......f........................................................................... 80 18101 Assessment of the hydrology, water quality, and bio!0gy of Delavan Lake ..........................................81 18102 Wetland retention of surface-water nutrient and suspended-sediment loads inflowing to a eutrophic lake in southeastern Wisconsin ...................................................................82 182 Hydrogeology and ground-water use and quality, Fox Cities area, Wisconsin...................................... 83 986 Office of Surface-Water Research, Wisconsin Discharge determination during ice cover ..........................................................................................84 Velocity profiles under an ice cover ...................................................................................................85 Wisconsin District publications 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