A Review of the Status and Harvests of Fish Stocks in the Sahtu Dene and Metis Settlement Area, Including Great Bear Lake
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A Review of the Status and Harvests Of Fish Stocks in the Sahtu Dene and Metis Settlement Area, Including Great Bear Lake D.B. Stewart Central and Arctic Region Department of Fisheries and Oceans Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N6 1996 Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2337 Fisheries and Oceans Pêches et Océans Canada Canada Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2337 1996 A REVIEW OF THE STATUS AND HARVESTS OF FISH STOCKS IN THE SAHTU DENE AND METIS SETTLEMENT AREA, INCLUDING GREAT BEAR LAKE by D.B. Stewart1 Central and Arctic Region Department of Fisheries and Oceans Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N6 This is the 40th Manuscript Report from the Central and Arctic Region, Winnipeg 1 Arctic Biological Consultants, Box 68, St. Norbert Postal Station, 95 Turnbull Drive, Winnipeg, MB, R3V 1L5. ii PREFACE This report was prepared under contract for the Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Central and Arctic Region, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N6. The Scientific Authority for this contract was Robert W. Moshenko of the Resource Management Division. © Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1996 Cat. no. Fs 97-4/2337E ISSN 0706-6473 Correct citation for this report is: Stewart, D.B. 1996. A review of the status and harvests of fish stocks in the Sahtu Dene and Metis Settlement Area, including Great Bear Lake. Can. Manuscr. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2337: iv + 64 p. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Page 4 A summary of harvest and creel census data for sport fishing lodges on Great Bear ABSTRACT/RÉSUMÉ .................... iv Lake, NWT...................... 53 INTRODUCTION ........................ 1 FORMAT .............................. 1 5 Licences to take fish from the Sahtu Dene Fish harvests ........................... 1 and Metis Settlement Area for scientific Sahtu except Great Bear Lake Basin ....... 2 purposes issued by the Department of Great Bear Lake Basin .................. 3 Fisheries and Oceans (DFO), Central and Sport fishing lodges ...................... 4 Arctic Region, to DFO (1990-94) and non- Fisheries research licences................ 5 DFO (1985-94) researchers ......... 59 DISCUSSION........................... 5 Migratory fish stocks...................... 5 Great Bear Lake sport fishery .............. 6 LIST OF APPENDICES ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................. 7 REFERENCES.......................... 7 Appendix Page PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS.......... 15 1 Fish species reported from the Mackenzie River drainage basin within the Sahtu LIST OF FIGURES Dene and Metis Settlement Area ..... 60 Figure Page 1 Map of the Sahtu Dene and Metis Settlement Area showing major river drainage basins and communities .... 17 2 Key to the names of selected Mackenzie River tributaries in the Sahtu Dene and Metis Settlement Area............. 18 3 Sport fishing lodges and outposts on Great Bear Lake, and the management areas used by DFO for the lake trout sport fishery .........................19 4 Areas of Great Bear Lake fished by guests of the sport lodges ................ 20 LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Harvests of fishes from the Sahtu Dene and Metis Settlement area, except Great Bear Lake drainage basin, by community and waterbody ................... 21 2 Harvests of fishes from Great Bear Lake, NWT .......................... 40 3 Harvests of fishes from tributaries of Great Bear Lake, NWT ................. 48 iv ABSTRACT et des stocks de poisson du bassin hydrographique du Grand Lac de l'Ours de manière distincte; les Stewart, D.B. 1996. A review of the status and renseignements pertinents ont éte présentés en harvests of fish stocks in the Sahtu Dene ordre alphabétique selon le nom géographique, puis and Metis Settlement Area, including Great l'espèce visée. De plus, on présente un résumé des Bear Lake. Can. Manuscr. Rep. Fish. dernières recommandations du MPO concernant la Aquat. Sci. 2337: iv + 64 p. gestion de la pêche et des stocks, accompagné d'une liste de références. Le document comprend This document was prepared to assist the également des renseignements sur les camps de Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) and the pêche sportive et sur les permis délivrés par le MPO Sahtu Renewable Resources Board to co-manage à des fins scientifiques pour la région visée par fisheries in the Sahtu Dene and Metis Settlement l'entente, et ce, depuis 1985. Area. It reviews information on stocks of fishes that are harvested for subsistence, commerce and sport Mots clés: Arctique; fleuve Mackenzie; delta du in the Settlement Area, including Great Bear Lake. Mackenzie; Territoires du Nord-Ouest; The information is current to February 1995. It is gestion de la pêche; pêche de subsistance; summarized in tables that are organized pêche commerciale; pêche sportive; hierarchically by community, waterbody, and then statistiques sur les prises. species. Fisheries and stocks in the Great Bear Lake drainage basin are treated separately and organized alphabetically by geographical name and then species. Recent recommendations by DFO concerning management of the fisheries or stocks are summarized, with a list of pertinent references. Information is also provided on sport fishing lodges operating on Great Bear Lake, and on Scientific Licences issued by DFO since 1985 for research in the Settlement Area. Key words: Arctic zone; Mackenzie River; Northwest Territories; fishery management; subsistence fishing; commercial fishing; sport fishing; catch statistics. RÉSUMÉ Stewart, D.B. 1996. A review of the status and harvests of fish stocks in the Sahtu Dene and Metis Settlement Area, including Great Bear Lake. Can. Manuscr. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2337: iv + 64 p. Ce document a pour objet d'aider le ministère des Pêches et des Océans (MPO) et le Conseil des ressources renouvelables des Sahtu à gérer conjointement la pêche dans la région visée par l'entente conclue avec les Métis et les Dénés du Sahtu. Il contient des renseignements sur l'état des stocks de poissons capturés à des fins sportives, commerciales et de subsistance, dans cette région, qui comprend le Grand Lac de l'Ours. Ces donées sont valides jusqu'en février 1995. Au moyen de tableaux, on en fait la synthèse de manière hiérarchique, selon la localité, le cours d'eau, puis l'espèce visée. On a abordé la question de la pêche 1 INTRODUCTION stock data organized alphabetically by geographical name and then taxa. One of the provisions of the Sahtu Dene and Metis Comprehensive Land Claim Agreement which These tables summarize information from was approved by Order in Council on 23 June 1994, studies directed towards the assessment and was the establishment of a Renewable Resources management of commercial and sport fisheries. Board (hereafter Board). This seven member board, They do not summarize other scientific research with equal representation of the Sahtu Tribal Council directed towards a more general understanding of and Government, plus a chairperson, was appointed the aquatic environment. To bridge this gap, brief in November 1995. It is charged with making all lists of general aquatic studies are provided, below, decisions about wildlife management in the Sahtu for the Settlement Area and Great Bear Lake basin. Dene and Metis Settlement Area (Settlement Area) Resource maps in the Northern Land Use (Fig. 1), including those on many matters formerly Information Series (NLUIS), which were produced controlled by the federal Department of Fisheries between 1974 and 1976 by the Lands Directorate of and Oceans (DFO), the Canadian Wildlife Service, the Department of Fisheries and Environment, are and the territorial Department of Renewable also useful general references. They are referred to Resources. These decisions remain subject to in text by number (e.g. NLUIS 96M) and are review by the appropriate Minister of the available from the Surveys and Mapping Branch of Government of Canada or Minister of the the Department of Energy, Mines, and Resources in Government of the Northwest Territories. Ottawa. The purpose of this work is to provide the Board and DFO with a summary of the present FISH HARVESTS (TABLES 1 to 3) status of fish stocks harvested in the Settlement Area (Fig. 1). These stocks are harvested for Each fishing location is identified by its subsistence, commerce and sport, mostly by Sahtu proper geographical name (Canada 1980; NLUIS), Dene and Metis beneficiaries of the land claim and a latitude and longitude. In some cases, a local agreement and by visiting sport fishermen. In name or geographical feature is also included in recognition of its unique management requirements brackets. The map coordinates were taken from and importance as a sport fishery, this report treats Schedule V of the Northwest Territories Fishery the Great Bear Lake drainage basin separately from Regulations, from the source of the data, or the rest of the Settlement Area. determined from 1:250,000 scale topographical maps. The published and unpublished sources of information in this summary were identified by The quota and harvest years are the same searches of bibliographic databases and published as the federal government fiscal year (e.g. the 1995 bibliographies, and by discussions with people quota extends from 1 April 1995 to 31 March 1996). knowledgeable of fisheries resources in the region. They are not the normal calendar years. The bibliographic databases searched were the Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), Unless otherwise indicated, the harvest Arctic Science and Technology Information System statistics are for commercial fisheries and