Iasbaba 60 Days 2020: Polity & Current Affairs-Day 2
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IASBABA 60 DAYS 2020: POLITY & CURRENT AFFAIRS-DAY 2 Q.1) Consider the following statements regarding Fundamental Rights 1. These are also available to corporations or companies. 2. These are also available against the action of private individuals. 3. These are sacrosanct or permanent. Choose the correct statement using codes below a) 1 and 2 b) 1 and 3 c) 2 and 3 d) All of the above Q.1) Solution (a) Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect Some of them are Most of them are available They are not sacrosanct or available only to the against the arbitrary permanent. The citizens while others are action of the State, with a Parliament can curtail or availableto all persons few exceptions like those repeal them but only by a whether citizens, against the State’s action constitutional amendment foreigners or legal persons and against the action of act and not by an ordinary likecorporations or private individuals. When act. Moreover, this can be companies. the rights that are done without affecting the available against the ‘basic structure’ of the State’s action only are Constitution. violated by the private individuals, there are no constitutional remedies but only ordinary legal remedies. Q.2) Which of the following are considered as ‘state’ under the Article 12? 1. Panchayats and Municipalities 2. ONGC 3. NCERT 4. Judiciary Choose the correct statement using codes below a) 1 and 2 b) 1,2 and 3 c) 1,2 and 4 d) All of the above Q.2) Solution (a) IASBABA 1 IASBABA 60 DAYS 2020: POLITY & CURRENT AFFAIRS-DAY 2 Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Statement 4 Correct Correct Incorrect Incorrect Any such authority Statutory and non- Statutory and Non- Judiciary is NOT which has power to statutory bodies statutory bodies state. make any law, pass that get financial which are not any order, make an resources from substantially The High Court of regulation, bye- government, have generally financed Bombay answered laws etc. come deep pervasive by the government this question in the under definition of control of don’t come under case of The state. Thus government and definition of state. National Panchayats, with functional Examples are Federation of the municipalities, characters as such autonomous Blind, Maharashtra district boards and as ICAR, CSIR, bodies, &Anr v. The High other statutory, ONGC, IDBI, Cooperatives, Court of Judicature constitutional Electricity Boards, NCERT etc. of Bombay, bodies come within NAFED, Delhi wherein it held the definition of Transport that 'Courts are state. corporation etc. included within the come under the definition of definition of state. "State" only on the administrative side while dealing with employees or while taking decisions in administrative capacity, and not on the judicial side'. Q.3)Which of the following elements of Rule of law are applicable to the Indian system? 1. Absence of arbitrary power 2. Equality before the law 3. The primacy of the rights of the individual Choose the correct statement using codes below a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 d) All of the above IASBABA 2 IASBABA 60 DAYS 2020: POLITY & CURRENT AFFAIRS-DAY 2 Q.3) Solution (a) Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect The concept of Rue of law has the following three elements or aspects: (i) Absence of arbitrary power, that is, no man can be punished except for a breach of law. (ii) Equality before the law, that is, equal subjection of all citizens (rich orpoor, high or low, official or non-official) to the ordinary law of the landadministered by the ordinary law courts. (iii) The primacy of the rights of the individual, that is, the constitution is theresult of the rights of the individual as defined and enforced by the courts of law rather than the constitution being the source of the individual rights. The first and the second elements are applicable to the Indian System andnot the third one. In the Indian System, the constitution is the source of theindividual rights. Q.4) Consider the following statements 1. Defamation and incitement to an offence are among the grounds to impose reasonable restrictions. 2. Reasonable restrictions can be imposed by executive action alone. Choose the correct statement using codes below a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Q.4) Solution (a) Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Incorrect The State can impose reasonable Three significant characteristics of restrictions on the exercise of the clauses reasonable restrictions are: freedomof speech and expression on the (1) The restrictions under them can be grounds of sovereignty and integrity of imposed only by or under the authority India,security of the state, friendly of a law: no restriction can be imposed relations with foreign states, public by executive action alone without there order,decency or morality, contempt of being a law to back it up with. court, defamation, and incitement to (2) Each restriction must be reasonable. anoffence. (3) A restriction must be related to the purposes mentioned in clauses 19 (2) to (6). IASBABA 3 IASBABA 60 DAYS 2020: POLITY & CURRENT AFFAIRS-DAY 2 Q.5) Right to travel abroad comes under a) Article 15 b) Article 19 c) Article 21 d) Article 22 Q.5) Solution (c) Right to travel abroad is a fundamental right under Article 21. Article 19 protects right to move inside the country. Q.6) Consider the following statements about Right to Education 1. It was added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2002. 2. It was the first such provision for free and compulsory education to be included in the constitution. 3. The right is available to both citizens as well as foreigners. Choose the correct statement using codes below a) 1 and 2 b) 1 and 3 c) 2 and 3 d) All of the above Q.6) Solution (b) Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Incorrect Correct Right to Education (Article Even before this It is available for both 21A) provision was added amendment, the citizens as well as by the 86th Constitutional Constitution contained a foreigners. Amendment Act of provision for free and 2002. compulsory education for children under Article 45 in Part IV. Q.7) Which of the following can be considered as ‘Law’ under Article 13? 1. Ordinances 2. Naga customary laws 3. Constitutional amendment 4. Notification by Central government Choose the correct statement using codes below a) 1 and 2 b) 1,2 and 3 IASBABA 4 IASBABA 60 DAYS 2020: POLITY & CURRENT AFFAIRS-DAY 2 c) 1,2 and 4 d) All of the above Q.7) Solution (c) Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Statement 4 Correct Correct Incorrect Correct Temporary laws Non-legislative Article 13 declares Statutory like ordinances sources of law, that a constitutional instruments in the issued by the that is, custom or amendment is not a nature of delegated president or the usage having the lawand hence legislation stategovernors forceof law are cannot be (executivelegislation) are considered considered law challenged. like order, bye-law, law under Article under Article 13. However, the rule, regulation or 13. Supreme Court held notification are in the considered law KesavanandaBharati under Article 13. case(1973) that a Constitutional amendment can bechallenged on the ground that it violates a fundamental right that forms a partof the ‘basic structure’ of the Constitution and hence, can be declared as void. Q.8) Consider the following statements about Article 25 mentioned in the Indian Constitution 1. It includes a right to convert another person to one’s own religion. 2. Under this, state can provide for reform of Hindu religious institutions. 3. The Hindus, under this right, include Sikhs, Parsis, Jains and Buddhists Choose the correct statement using codes below a) 1 and 2 b) 2 only c) 1 and 3 d) All of the above Q.8) Solution (b) IASBABA 5 IASBABA 60 DAYS 2020: POLITY & CURRENT AFFAIRS-DAY 2 Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Incorrect Correct Incorrect It includes transmission and The State is permittedto Hindus, in this context, dissemination of one’s provide for social welfare include Sikhs, Jains religiousbeliefs to others or and reform or throw open and Buddhists exposition of the tenets of Hindu religious one’s religion. But, it doesnot institutions of a public include a right to convert character to all classes and another person to one’s own sections of Hindus. religion. Forcible conversions impinge on the ‘freedom of conscience’ guaranteed to all the persons alike. Q.9) Which of the following Directive Principles of State Policy is/are not based on Socialist principles? 1. Equal pay for equal work. 2. Free legal aid to the poor. 3. To promote the educational and economic interests of SCs, STs 4. Protection and improvement of the environment. Choose the correct answer using codes below a) 1 and 2 b) 3 and 4 c) 4 only d) 1,2 and 3 Q.9) Solution (b) Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Statement 4 Incorrect Incorrect Correct Correct Equal pay for equal To promote equal To promote the To protect and work for men and justice and to educational and improve the women (Article provide free legal economic interests environment and 39(d)) is a socialist aid to the poor of SCs, STs, and to safeguard principle. (Article other forests and wild 39 A) is a socialist weaker sections of life (Article 48 A) is principle. the society and to a liberal- protect them from intellectual social injustice principal. and exploitation (Article 46) is a IASBABA 6 IASBABA 60 DAYS 2020: POLITY & CURRENT AFFAIRS-DAY 2 Gandhian principle.