269 269 HISTORIA 396 FROM CARTOGRAPHY TO DIPLOMACY. ISSN 0719-0719 STRATEGIES AROUND GIBRALTAR E-ISSN 0719-7969 VOL 11 DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR N°1 - 2021 [269-300] CARTOGRAFÍA Y DIPLOMACIA. ESTRATEGIAS EN TORNO A GIBRALTAR DURANTE LA SEGUNDA GUERRA MUNDIAL Julio Ponce Alberca University of Seville, Spain
[email protected] Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyse the role of Gibraltar during the Spanish Civil War and World War 2. To that end, it begins with the cartographic information that Germans had about the Rock for a hypothetical invasion. The strategic enclave had already played a key role throughout the Spanish Civil War, but the outbreak of the world war highlighted its geographical importance in terms of control of the seas and world trade routes between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Due to its geographical position, Gibraltar was located at the crossroads of multiple national and international interests. Under such circumstances, official government declarations differed greatly from unspoken realities: under Spanish neutrality lay an implicit support for the allies blocking a possible German invasion of the Rock. In fact, that was the position the allied powers expected from Francoist Spain. Keywords: Maps, Second World War, Spain, Gibraltar. Resumen Este trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar el papel desempeñado por Gibraltar durante la guerra civil española y, especialmente, durante la guerra mundial. Para ello se parte de la información cartográfica que los alemanes dispusieron del Peñón para su * This article has been translated within the framework of the research project Central Power, Local Powers and Modernisation in Spain (1958- 1979): a study from comparative history (HAR2015-63662-P) by the Mi- nistry of Science, Innovation and Universities - State Research Agency, co-financed by ERDF funds.