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The Evolution of the Digital Political Advertising Network
PLATFORMS AND OUTSIDERS IN PARTY NETWORKS: THE EVOLUTION OF THE DIGITAL POLITICAL ADVERTISING NETWORK Bridget Barrett A thesis submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts at the Hussman School of Journalism and Media. Chapel Hill 2020 Approved by: Daniel Kreiss Adam Saffer Adam Sheingate © 2020 Bridget Barrett ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Bridget Barrett: Platforms and Outsiders in Party Networks: The Evolution of the Digital Political Advertising Network (Under the direction of Daniel Kreiss) Scholars seldom examine the companies that campaigns hire to run digital advertising. This thesis presents the first network analysis of relationships between federal political committees (n = 2,077) and the companies they hired for electoral digital political advertising services (n = 1,034) across 13 years (2003–2016) and three election cycles (2008, 2012, and 2016). The network expanded from 333 nodes in 2008 to 2,202 nodes in 2016. In 2012 and 2016, Facebook and Google had the highest normalized betweenness centrality (.34 and .27 in 2012 and .55 and .24 in 2016 respectively). Given their positions in the network, Facebook and Google should be considered consequential members of party networks. Of advertising agencies hired in the 2016 electoral cycle, 23% had no declared political specialization and were hired disproportionately by non-incumbents. The thesis argues their motivations may not be as well-aligned with party goals as those of established political professionals. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES .................................................................................................................... V POLITICAL CONSULTING AND PARTY NETWORKS ............................................................................... -
Download Report (PDF)
Outside Influence: Out-of-State Money in the 2016 Senate Elections Chris MacKenzie U.S. PIRG Education Fund October 24, 2016 Acknowledgements The author thanks Tyler Creighton of ReThink Media and Fred Wertheimer of Democracy 21 for reviewing the first draft of this report and providing thoughtful and informed comments. The author also thanks Julian Notaro for his research and editorial assistance. The author bears any responsibility for factual errors. The views expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of our funders or those who provided review. 2016 U.S. PIRG Education Fund. Some Rights Reserved. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons. Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 3.0 Unported License. To view the terms of this license, visit www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0. With public debate around important issues often dominated by special interests pursuing their own narrow agendas, U.S. PIRG Education Fund offers an independent voice that works on behalf of the public interest. U.S. PIRG Education Fund, a 501(c)(3) organization, works to protect consumers and promote good government. We investigate problems, craft solutions, educate the public, and offer Americans meaningful opportunities for civic participation. Design and layout: Buddy Simpson Introduction Control of the United States Senate is at stake in the 2016 elections. Out of 34 senate races nationally, the outcome could be decided by just several swing states and a few key constituencies.1 But there is another deciding factor in this year’s race for the senate: money. -
![CHAIRMEN of SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES [Table 5-3] 1789–Present](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/8733/chairmen-of-senate-standing-committees-table-5-3-1789-present-978733.webp)
CHAIRMEN of SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES [Table 5-3] 1789–Present
CHAIRMEN OF SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES [Table 5-3] 1789–present INTRODUCTION The following is a list of chairmen of all standing Senate committees, as well as the chairmen of select and joint committees that were precursors to Senate committees. (Other special and select committees of the twentieth century appear in Table 5-4.) Current standing committees are highlighted in yellow. The names of chairmen were taken from the Congressional Directory from 1816–1991. Four standing committees were founded before 1816. They were the Joint Committee on ENROLLED BILLS (established 1789), the joint Committee on the LIBRARY (established 1806), the Committee to AUDIT AND CONTROL THE CONTINGENT EXPENSES OF THE SENATE (established 1807), and the Committee on ENGROSSED BILLS (established 1810). The names of the chairmen of these committees for the years before 1816 were taken from the Annals of Congress. This list also enumerates the dates of establishment and termination of each committee. These dates were taken from Walter Stubbs, Congressional Committees, 1789–1982: A Checklist (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985). There were eleven committees for which the dates of existence listed in Congressional Committees, 1789–1982 did not match the dates the committees were listed in the Congressional Directory. The committees are: ENGROSSED BILLS, ENROLLED BILLS, EXAMINE THE SEVERAL BRANCHES OF THE CIVIL SERVICE, Joint Committee on the LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, LIBRARY, PENSIONS, PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS, RETRENCHMENT, REVOLUTIONARY CLAIMS, ROADS AND CANALS, and the Select Committee to Revise the RULES of the Senate. For these committees, the dates are listed according to Congressional Committees, 1789– 1982, with a note next to the dates detailing the discrepancy. -
Cabinet Room #55: April 20
1 NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS STAFF Tape Subject Log (rev. 10/08) Conversation No. 55-1 Date: April 20, 1971 Time: 5:17 pm - 6:21 pm Location: Cabinet Room The President met with Barry M. Goldwater, Henry L. Bellmon, John G. Tower, Howard H. Baker, Jr., Robert J. Dole, Edward J. Gurney, J. Caleb Boggs, Carl T. Curtis, Clifford P. Hansen, Jack R. Miller, Clark MacGregor, William E. Timmons, Kenneth R. BeLieu, Eugene S. Cowen, Harry S. Dent, and Henry A. Kissinger [General conversation/Unintelligible] Gordon L. Allott Greetings Goldwater Tower Abraham A. Ribicoff [General conversation/Unintelligible] President’s meeting with John L. McClellan -Republicans -John N. Mitchell -Republicans -Defections -National defense -Voting in Congress National security issues -Support for President -End-the-war resolutions -Presidential powers -Defense budget -War-making powers -Jacob K. Javits bill -John Sherman Cooper and Frank F. Church amendment -State Department 2 NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS STAFF Tape Subject Log (rev. 10/08) -Defense Department -Legislation -Senate bill -J. William Fulbright -Vice President Spiro T. Agnew -Preparedness -David Packard’s speech in San Francisco -Popular reaction -William Proxmire and Javits -Vietnam War ****************************************************************************** BEGIN WITHDRAWN ITEM NO. 1 [National Security] [Duration: 7m 55s ] JAPAN GERMANY AFRICA SOVIET UNION Allott entered at an unknown time after 5:17 pm END WITHDRAWN ITEM NO. 1 [To listen to the segment (29m15s) declassified on 02/28/2002, -
Frank Wheat Papers: Finding Aid
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8862njv No online items Frank Wheat Papers: Finding Aid Finding aid prepared by Denise Dobbs, April 10, 2007. The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens Manuscripts Department 1151 Oxford Road San Marino, California 91108 Phone: (626) 405-2129 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.huntington.org © 2007 The Huntington Library. All rights reserved. Frank Wheat Papers: Finding Aid mssWheat papers 1 Overview of the Collection Title: Frank Wheat Papers Dates (inclusive): Approximately 1950-2000 Bulk dates: Approximately 1985-2000 Collection Number: mssWheat papers Creator: Wheat, Frank, 1921-. Extent: 154 boxes (64.22 linear feet) Repository: The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens. Manuscripts Department 1151 Oxford Road San Marino, California 91108 Phone: (626) 405-2129 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.huntington.org Abstract: This collection contains the personal and professional papers of California lawyer and political activist Frank Wheat (1921-). The papers chiefly date from the mid 1980s-2005 and cover his work on the California Desert Protection Act; the California Desert Miracle, The Fight for Desert Parks and Wilderness (1999), and other environmental issues, particularly including mining's effect on the environment; the Alliance for Children's Rights, the Center for Law in the Public Interest and Human Rights Watch and his involvement with Ralph M. Parsons Foundation. The collection also contains information on Wheat's legal career, including his presidency of the Los Angeles County Bar Association, his tenure as an SEC Commissioner, his expertise in securities and corporate law, and his involvement with the California Citizens Budget Commission and California Commission on Campaign Financing. -
California Desert Protection Act, S.21, to the Senate in January 1992
Rnvirons Vol 16. No.2 The California Desert Protection Act by Annette Feldman The California Desert Protection Act (CDPA) is arguably the most extensive and ecologically significant environmental legislation Congress will consider in 1993. Under the stated purpose of providing "lasting protection for the beauty and wildness of public lands in the California desert" (S.21 102d Cong., 2d Sess. Sec. 2 (1992)), the CDPA encompasses and affects over 7 million acres of mostly federally-owned Southern California desertland. The Act designates three new national parks and over 4.4 additional million acres of protected wilderness area. Although political controversy has plagued the CDPA, Democratic victories in the November 1992 election should expedite the Act's passage in 1993, seven years after Sen. Alan Cranston (D-Ca) first introduced the Act in 1986. The California Desert The CDPA protects three geologically and ecologically unique desert ecosystems. Two of these, the "low" Colorado Desert and the "high" Mojave Desert, are unique to Southern California. The third, part of a greater western "inland sea", is the Central Californian "cold" Great Basin Desert. The major desert biological communities to be protected are: blackbrush scrub and sagebrush scrub (Great Basin); shadscale scrub (Great Basin and Mojave); Alkali sink (all three Deserts); Joshua Tree woodland (Mojave); cactus scrub, saltbrush scrub, desert wash, and palm oasis (Colorado); and Creosote bush scrub (Mojave and Colorado). "King Clone", a 67 ft.-diameter Creosote Clone finds its home in the Mojave Desert and is one of the Earth's oldest living organisms, having been carbon-14 dated at 11,700 years old. -
Spring Summer 2019 Dome.Indd
THE CAPITOL DOME Brumidi and Pompeian Inspirations Alan Cranston and Mein Kampf John Quincy and Louisa Catherine JohnsonAdams A MAGAZINE OF HISTORY PUBLISHED BY THE UNITED STATES CAPITOL HISTORICAL SOCIETYVOLUME 56, NUMBER 12019 From the Editor’s Desk n March 2018, a USCHS lunchtime lecture audience by a court injunction and ultimately (1941) impounded Iwas held in thrall by Dr. Elise Friedman’s presen- for copyright infringement. But by then, two years into tation, “Pompeii on the Potomac.” The title is a riff WWII, the world had other proof of Hitler’s plans for on other tongue-in-cheek tributes to Washington as world domination. Another 60 years later, at Cranston’s “Paris on the Potomac,” “Hollywood on the Potomac,” memorial service in San Francisco, then-Sen. Joe Biden and even “Babylon on the Potomac.” But Pompeii? spoke for many of his colleagues when he said that The Roman city destroyed by fire and ash in 79 C.E. “Most of us would consider it a successful career if we gave its name almost 1800 years later to the style did nothing other than be sued by Adolph Hitler.” that ornaments the Senate Appropriations Room Ryan Conner accesses rarely tapped primary (S-127). Dr. Friedman’s research opened a window sources to provide pendant perspectives by one of onto Constantino Brumidi’s uniquely compelling deco- American history’s legendary political couples on three rative program for one of the most important but least distinct episodes in congressional history. As a U.S. accessible working spaces in the Brumidi Corridors. senator, secretary of state, and finally as a single-dis- Unlike most of our lunchtime lectures, C-SPAN was trict representative from Massachusetts, John Quincy not able to record her presentation, so we are especially Adams kept minute and candid records of his break pleased to make her findings available to a larger audi- with the Federalists in 1808, on the Missouri Com- ence through these pages. -
PEOPLE PROTECTING WILDERNESS for PEOPLE Celebrating 40 Years of the Wilderness Act INTRODUCTION
PEOPLE PROTECTING WILDERNESS FOR PEOPLE Celebrating 40 Years of the Wilderness Act INTRODUCTION TABLE OF CONTENTS Wilderness: The Uniquely American Resource 1 1 INTRODUCTION In pressing our civilization across a wild land, our ancestors became pioneers, conquering most of the continent’s wild places. In that very 2 40 YEARS WITH THE WILDERNESS ACT process, our encounter with wilderness shaped in us as a people hardy 4 THE WILDERNESS ACT EXPLAINED pioneer characteristics we think of as fundamental to our Americanism: 5 A PEOPLE’S LAW self-reliance, fortitude, hard work, a fierce independence, an innate love of the land. 7 40 YEARS OF PEOPLE SAVING WILDERNESS 12 POLLS SHOW BROAD PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR MORE WILDERNESS In renowned conservationist Aldo Leopold’s words, wilderness is “the very stuff America is made of”—and Americans, too. 14 EDITORIAL SUPPORT OVER THE YEARS 19 THE UNPROTECTED WILDERNESS Americans came to treasure the scenic wonders of their country: the Adirondacks, Yellowstone, the Grand Canyon, the Great Smokies. 22 THREATS TO UNPROTECTED WILDERNESS The wild, unspoiled American landscape and the lore of the frontier 24 WE SHOULD BE "LIBERAL" IN PROTECTING WILDERNESS became great themes of American culture, woven into our art and literature—into the very fabric of our patriotism. 26 WILDERNESS IN AMERICA: A BRIEF HISTORY 31 CONCLUSION Yet, by the early 20th century, the frontier was gone. The momentum 32 ENDNOTES of pioneering had carried us across the continent, up every mountain valley and down every canyon, threatening to wipe out all wilderness. 33 CREDITS The process soon enough replicated itself across Alaska. -
This Table Was Published on 4/3/15. Amount PAC Independent
This table was published on 4/3/15. Independent Expenditure Table 1* Independent Expenditure Totals by Committee and Filer Type January 1, 2013 through December 31, 2014 Independent Expenditure (IE) Totals by Committee and Filer Type Amount PAC Independent Expenditures** $48,829,678 Party Independent Expenditures $228,993,297 Independent Expenditure-Only Political Committees $339,402,611 Political Committees with Non-Contribution Accounts $2,573,469 Independent Expenditures Reported by Persons other than Political Committees $168,045,226 Total Independent Expenditures (IE) $787,844,281 ID # IEs by Political Action Committee (PAC)** Amount C00348540 1199 SERVICE EMPLOYEES INT'L UNION FEDERAL POLITICAL ACTION FUND $125,022 C00346015 80-20 NATIONAL ASIAN AMERICAN PAC $900 C00001461 ALASKA STATE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (ALPAC) $14,000 C00235861 ALLEN COUNTY RIGHT TO LIFE INC POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE $1,914 C00493221 ALLEN WEST GUARDIAN FUND $1,364,476 C00359539 AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (SKINPAC)$48,706 C00411553 AMERICAN ACADEMY OF FAMILY PHYSICIANS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE $50,000 C00196246 AMERICAN ACADEMY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY INC POLITICAL COMMITTEE (OPHTHPAC) $334,184 C00173153 AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF NURSE ANESTHETISTS SEPARATE SEGREGATED FUND (CRNA-PAC)$150,402 C00343459 AMERICAN COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGY ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE $1,167,715 C00382424 AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION PAC $200,000 C00011114 AMERICAN FEDERATION OF STATE COUNTY -
Battling John Birch in California's Conservative Cradle
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--History History 2015 Save Our Republic: Battling John Birch in California's Conservative Cradle James A. Savage University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Savage, James A., "Save Our Republic: Battling John Birch in California's Conservative Cradle" (2015). Theses and Dissertations--History. 25. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/history_etds/25 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the History at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--History by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I agree that the document mentioned above may be made available immediately for worldwide access unless an embargo applies. -
Democratic Club
Beach Cities Democratic Club P.O. Box 2192, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 March, 2012 Next Meeting meeting. If you need an additional copy of Beach Cities Democratic the form, you can print it from the LA Manhattan Bread and Bagel County Registrar of Voters website: Club Supports 1808 N. Sepulveda Boulevard http://www.lavote.net/Voter/ Al Muratsuchi Manhattan Beach Absentee_Voting.cfm Wednesday, March 28 With the new Open Primary, we need to 7:30 PM make sure that Dems get out to vote in June. We have one candidate in our Featuring Jamarah Harris, LA Community Assembly District race – Al Muratsuchi – Outreach Coordinator from the and there are two Tea Party Republicans. Office of Attorney General Kamala Harris Other voters, including Independents, (Jamarah is not related to Kamala “Decline to State,” and Moderate Republi- Harris) . cans will help us make a difference in the We look forward to seeing everyone at outcome. Al Muratsuchi will need every the meeting and at our club-sponsored vote so that he is one of the top two vote Join the Beach Cities Democratic Club for a event for Al Muratsuchi on the 31st. getters in the Primary election. With the reception supporting Al Muratsuchi, the Open Primary, we cannot assume that endorsed candidate for California’s new there will be a Democrat on the November 66th Assembly District. Our fundraiser will President’s Message ballot – as in the past. be held at the home of Dale and Ken Several of us just returned from the If you haven’t yet met Al, please come – Petrulis in Redondo Beach. -
President - Campaign David Belin Strategy Papers” of the Philip Buchen Files at the Gerald R
The original documents are located in Box 44, folder “President - Campaign David Belin Strategy Papers” of the Philip Buchen Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 44 of the Philip Buchen Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library LAW OFFICES H E RRICK, LA N GDON, BELI N , HAR R I S , LANGDON & H E L MICK 2 0 0 0 F I N A NCIAL CENTER SEV ENTH AND WALNUT DES MOINES, IOWA 50309 S IS A LLA N A . H E R RICK A REA CODE H ERSCHEL G . L A N G D O N TELEPH O NE DAVI D W. BELIN 244-1 11 6 C H ARLES E . HARRIS R I CHARD G. LAN GDON D W IGHT B R OOK E ROBERT H . H E LM ICK COUNSE L PHILIP C. LOV RIE N November 4 , 1975 LAWR E NCE E . POPE .JOEL D .