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Too Terrible to Relate: Dynamic Trauma in the Novels of Toni Morrison
ABSTRACT HUMANITIES STAYTON, COREY C. B.A. XAVIER UNIVERSITY, 1994 M.A. CLARK ATLANTA UNIVERSITY, 1997 TOO TERRIBLE TO RELATE: DYNAMIC TRAUMA IN THE NOVELS OF TONI MORRISON Committee Chair: Daniel Black, Ph.D. Dissertation dated May 2017 This study examines fictional representations of trauma as reflected in Toni Morrison’s novels Sula, Song of Solomon, and Beloved. By utilizing the theoretical modes of new historicism and trauma theory, the veil of double consciousness is explicated. The modes also help to expose the climate of trauma in the novels which produce various forms of dysfunction in the individual and the community. The unspoken atrocities experienced as a result of slavery, Jim Crow, and physical and sexual violence in many of Morrison’s novels suggest the common thread of trauma in the lives of the characters who experience similar events in Morrison’s stories. The particular traumas depicted in Morrison’s novels, Sula, Song of Solomon, and Beloved, damage agency, leading to detachment and paralysis in the individual. The scope of this study is limited to the novels Sula, Song of Solomon, and Beloved as they best illustrate trauma in Morrison’s characters and the damage that the pathology causes to agency, leading to detachment and paralysis in general. TOO TERRIBLE TO RELATE: DYNAMIC TRAUMA IN THE NOVELS OF TONI MORRISON A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF CLARK ATLANTA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY BY COREY STAYTON DEPARTMENT OF HUMANITIES ATLANTA, GEORGIA MAY 2017 © 2017 COREY C. STAYTON All Rights Reserved ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There are many people who have made the writing of this dissertation a reality. -
1 Fordham Center on Religion and Culture
The Fordham Center On Religion and Culture 1 www.fordham.edu/CRC Fordham Center on Religion and Culture UNTO DUST: A LITERARY WAKE October 15, 2015 Fordham University | Lincoln Center E. Gerald Corrigan Conference Center | 113 W. 60th Street Panelists: Alice McDermott National Book Award-Winning Novelist and Author of Charming Billy, After This, and Someone Thomas Lynch Undertaker, Poet, Essayist and Author of The Good Funeral: Death, Grief and the Community of Care (with Thomas G. Long) and The Sin-Eater: A Breviary JAMES McCARTIN: Good evening. Welcome to Fordham. I am Jim McCartin, Director of the Fordham Center on Religion and Culture. I have to say that it is a particular thrill for me tonight to welcome here all of you, to be part of this conversation between the two very best people I could think of to discuss our mortal end. It is a topic that, I have to admit, I can never get enough of. It was at the tender age of eight that I began one of my still-favorite pastimes, which is to say, scouring the obituaries. In my perhaps somewhat peculiar point of view as a fully grown adult now, I contend that there are few things more satisfying than a proper funeral. Some will say — and perhaps McDermott and Lynch will agree with this — that my interest in death and in its many permutations runs deep in my Irish American heritage. But for me I gather it is something more than just the peculiarities of my ancestral identity. In studying the death notices as a young kid, what I was really trying to figure out, I think, was how the families of my hometown of Troy, New York, formed webs of relation with one another — how they were connected, who they married or loved, what institutions and organization formed them into the ordinary and sometimes, rarely, extraordinary people that they were. -
TALK SERIES Updated February 2013
TALK SERIES updated February 2013 To schedule a book series for your local library, senior center, historical society, or other Kansas nonprofit community organization, visit www.kansashumanities.org. Questions? Contact Leslie Von Holten, [email protected], 785/357-0359. THE 1930s COMING OF AGE IN RURAL AMERICA All the King’s Men by Robert Penn Warren Farmer Boy by Laura Ingalls Wilder The Day of the Locust by Nathanael West Good Land by Bruce Bair Mules and Men by Zora Neale Hurston Nathan Coulter by Wendell Berry The Worst Hard Time by Timothy Egan Under the Feet of Jesus by Helena Maria Viramontes Winter Wheat by Mildred Walker AFRICAN-AMERICAN PERSPECTIVES The Autobiography of Malcolm X COMMUNITY: THE WAY WE LIVE The Fire Next Time by James Baldwin Bailey’s Cafe by Gloria Naylor I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou Mama Day by Gloria Naylor Praisesong for the Widow by Paule Marshall Cannery Row by John Steinbeck Race Matters by Cornel West Fried Green Tomatoes at the Whistle Stop Cafe by Fannie Flagg Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston The Milagro Beanfield War by John Nichols Snow Falling on Cedars by David Guterson AWARD WINNERS Charming Billy by Alice McDermott CONTEMPORARY IMMIGRATION Cold Mountain by Charles Frazier Breath, Eyes, Memory by Edwidge Danticat Gilead by Marilynne Robinson Caramelo by Sandra Cisneros Motherless Brooklyn by Jonathan Lethem Harbor by Lorraine Adams Typical American by Gish Jen BEFORE THE CIVIL WAR The All-True Travels and Adventures of Lidie Newton by Jane Smiley ENCOUNTERING ASIA The Englishman in Kansas by T. -
Inter/View: Talks with America's Writing Women
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Literature in English, North America English Language and Literature 1990 Inter/View: Talks with America's Writing Women Mickey Pearlman Katherine Usher Henderson Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Thanks to the University of Kentucky Libraries and the University Press of Kentucky, this book is freely available to current faculty, students, and staff at the University of Kentucky. Find other University of Kentucky Books at uknowledge.uky.edu/upk. For more information, please contact UKnowledge at [email protected]. Recommended Citation Pearlman, Mickey and Henderson, Katherine Usher, "Inter/View: Talks with America's Writing Women" (1990). Literature in English, North America. 56. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_english_language_and_literature_north_america/56 Inter/View Inter/View Talks with America's Writing Women Mickey Pearlman and Katherine Usher Henderson THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF KENTUCKY PHOTO CREDITS: M.A. Armstrong (Alice McDermott), Jerry Bauer (Kate Braverman, Louise Erdrich, Gail Godwin, Josephine Humphreys), Brian Berman (Joyce Carol Oates), Nancy Cramp- ton (Laurie Colwin), Donna DeCesare (Gloria Naylor), Robert Foothorap (Amy Tan), Paul Fraughton (Francine Prose), Alvah Henderson (Janet Lewis), Marv Hoffman (Rosellen Brown), Doug Kirkland (Carolyn See), Carol Lazar (Shirley Ann Grau), Eric Lindbloom (Nancy Willard), Neil Schaeffer (Susan Fromberg Schaeffer), Gayle Shomer (Alison Lurie), Thomas Victor (Harriet Doerr, Diane Johnson, Anne Lamott, Carole -
Addition to Summer Letter
May 2020 Dear Student, You are enrolled in Advanced Placement English Literature and Composition for the coming school year. Bowling Green High School has offered this course since 1983. I thought that I would tell you a little bit about the course and what will be expected of you. Please share this letter with your parents or guardians. A.P. Literature and Composition is a year-long class that is taught on a college freshman level. This means that we will read college level texts—often from college anthologies—and we will deal with other materials generally taught in college. You should be advised that some of these texts are sophisticated and contain mature themes and/or advanced levels of difficulty. In this class we will concentrate on refining reading, writing, and critical analysis skills, as well as personal reactions to literature. A.P. Literature is not a survey course or a history of literature course so instead of studying English and world literature chronologically, we will be studying a mix of classic and contemporary pieces of fiction from all eras and from diverse cultures. This gives us an opportunity to develop more than a superficial understanding of literary works and their ideas. Writing is at the heart of this A.P. course, so you will write often in journals, in both personal and researched essays, and in creative responses. You will need to revise your writing. I have found that even good students—like you—need to refine, mature, and improve their writing skills. You will have to work diligently at revising major essays. -
Foregrounding Motherhood in Toni Morrison's Sula and Beloved Lindsay Green University of South Carolina Aiken, SC
The Oswald Review: An International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Criticism in the Discipline of English Volume 3 | Issue 1 Article 5 2001 Foregrounding Motherhood in Toni Morrison's Sula and Beloved Lindsay Green University of South Carolina Aiken, SC Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/tor Part of the American Literature Commons, Literature in English, North America Commons, and the Literature in English, North America, Ethnic and Cultural Minority Commons Recommended Citation Green, Lindsay (2001) "Foregrounding Motherhood in Toni Morrison's Sula and Beloved," The Oswald Review: An International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Criticism in the Discipline of English: Vol. 3 : Iss. 1 , Article 5. Available at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/tor/vol3/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you by the College of Humanities and Social Sciences at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The sO wald Review: An International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Criticism in the Discipline of English by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Foregrounding Motherhood in Toni Morrison's Sula and Beloved Keywords Woman Studies, Motherhood, Toni Morrison This article is available in The sO wald Review: An International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Criticism in the Discipline of English: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/tor/vol3/iss1/5 Foregrounding Motherhood in Toni Morrison's Sula and Beloved Lindsay Green University of South Carolina Aiken Aiken, SC n the fiction of Toni Morrison, the Mrican American woman emerges as a strong, central figure despite I circumstance. -
Motherhood and the Heritage of Slavery in Toni Morrison's Novels
Högskolan i Skövde School of Humanities and Informatics English Motherhood and the Heritage of Slavery in Toni Morrison’s Novels Sula and Beloved Johanna Wising English C-Course Autumn 2008 Tutor: Rose Bloem Wising 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................2 1. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND...............................................................................3 2. MOTHERHOOD .......................................................................................................6 3. THE MOTHERS IN SULA AND BELOVED .........................................................10 3.1 Sethe...................................................................................................................10 3.2 Eva .....................................................................................................................16 4. COMPARISON OF THE MOTHERS ....................................................................26 CONCLUSION............................................................................................................30 WORKS CITED ..........................................................................................................32 Wising 2 INTRODUCTION This essay will focus on motherhood and the effects of slavery in the lives of mothers in two novels by Toni Morrison, Sula and Beloved. The emphasis of this study will be on how Morrison portrays single mothers whose lives are influenced by slavery. The essay will compare -
Book Discussion Schedules 2007
COLUMBIAN BOOK DISCUSSION! SCHEDULE 2006-2007! !July - The Kite Runner by Kahled Hosseini! !August - March by Geraldine Brooks! !September - Digging to America by Anne Tyler! !October - The Devil in the White City by Erik Larson! !November - Peace Like a River by Lefi Enger! !January 4 - The Known World by Edwar P. Jones! !January 25 - Year of Wonders by Geraldine Brooks! !March 1 - Life of Pi by Yann Martel! !March 25 - My Antonia by Willa Cather! !April - Cold Sassy Tree by Olive Ann Burns! !May - Charming Billy by Alice McDermott! !June - The Atonement by Ian MEwan! ! COLUMBIAN BOOK DISCUSSION! SCHEDULE 2007-2008! !September - Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes! !October - A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khalid Hosseini! !November - Gilead Marilynne Robinson! !January - The Road by Cormac McCarthy! !February - East of Eden by John Steinbeck! !March - Fugitive Pieces by Anne Michaels! !April - Last Night at the Lobster by Steward O’Nan! !May The Inheritance of Loss by Diran Desai! June - His Illegal Self by Peter Carey! ! ! COLUMBIAN BOOK DISCUSSION! SCHEDULE 2008-2009! !September - Middlemarch by Gearge Eliot! !October - Day by A. L. Kennedy! !November - Cry, the Beloved Country by Alan Paton! !January - The Poisonwood Bible by Barbara Kingsolver! !February - Home by Marilynne Robinson! !March - The Lemon Tree by Sandy Tolan! !April - The vision of Emma Blau by Ursula Hegi! !May - Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston! !June - Crow Lake by Mary Lawson! ! COLUMBIAN BOOK DISCUSSION! SCHEDULE 2009-2010! !September - A Tale of -
American Book Awards 2004
BEFORE COLUMBUS FOUNDATION PRESENTS THE AMERICAN BOOK AWARDS 2004 America was intended to be a place where freedom from discrimination was the means by which equality was achieved. Today, American culture THE is the most diverse ever on the face of this earth. Recognizing literary excel- lence demands a panoramic perspective. A narrow view strictly to the mainstream ignores all the tributaries that feed it. American literature is AMERICAN not one tradition but all traditions. From those who have been here for thousands of years to the most recent immigrants, we are all contributing to American culture. We are all being translated into a new language. BOOK Everyone should know by now that Columbus did not “discover” America. Rather, we are all still discovering America—and we must continue to do AWARDS so. The Before Columbus Foundation was founded in 1976 as a nonprofit educational and service organization dedicated to the promotion and dissemination of contemporary American multicultural literature. The goals of BCF are to provide recognition and a wider audience for the wealth of cultural and ethnic diversity that constitutes American writing. BCF has always employed the term “multicultural” not as a description of an aspect of American literature, but as a definition of all American litera- ture. BCF believes that the ingredients of America’s so-called “melting pot” are not only distinct, but integral to the unique constitution of American Culture—the whole comprises the parts. In 1978, the Board of Directors of BCF (authors, editors, and publishers representing the multicultural diversity of American Literature) decided that one of its programs should be a book award that would, for the first time, respect and honor excellence in American literature without restric- tion or bias with regard to race, sex, creed, cultural origin, size of press or ad budget, or even genre. -
Slavery in Early America As Portrayed in Toni Morrison's a Mercy And
Vol. 6(5), pp. 100-109, October 2018 DOI: 10.14662/IJELC2018.063 International Journal of Copy© right 2018 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article English Literature and ISSN: 2360-7831 http://www.academicresearchjournals.org/IJELC/Index.htm Culture Research Paper Slavery in early America as Portrayed in Toni Morrison’s A Mercy and other novels Dr. Ferdinand KPOHOUE English Department/FLLAC/UAC. E-mail: [email protected] Accepted 24 October 2018 Since the publication of her debut novel in 1970, Toni Morrison is interested in the black community in America characterized by community life, gossips, and solidarity. However this community is victim of slavery and segregation due to skin complexion. The publication of A Mercy in 2008 has provided a new dimension to the scope of her literary motivation. She has gone deep in the history of America at the beginning of the settlement of Europeans in the 1680’s to uncover the universal form of slavery without racism including Europeans, native Americans, and blacks. They were servants owned by the gentry that submitted them to harsh work and difficult conditions. In A Mercy there exist slaves, indentured servants, and freed blacks. The objective of this research paper is to explore the slavery system without racial pigmentation unknown or forgotten in America. As a matter of fact, Jacob Vaark’s farm is a sample selected by Morrison to portray the bondage pattern in the 1680’s. Messalina is shortened (Lina), she is an Indian native on the farm. Florens is offered by her mother to pay the debt of her master. -
Bird Imagery in Toni Morrison' S Novels
Revista de Estudios Norteamericanos, n ° 7 (2000), pp. 75 - 84 BROKEN WINGS OF FREEDOM: BIRD IMAGERY IN TONI MORRISON' S NOVELS SUSANA VEGA ÜONZÁLEZ Universidad de Oviedo Lingering spirit of the dead, rise up and possess your bird of passage! Haile Gerima, Sankofa Among the severa! literary concepts that could be applied to Toni Morrison's novels are those of metaphor and symbol. In her book Specifying: Black Women Writing the American Experience, Susan Willis characterizes Morrison's writing as «the most metaphorical of today's black women authors» (Willis 1987: 8). Thus critics have paid attention to her use of elements like water, fire, and earth, for instance, as well as her employment of nature, whose narrative life turns it into one more character. But little critica! attention has been paid to bird imagery in this writer, in spite of the fact that it is an impo1tant aspect in her narrative that effectively contributes to her portrayal of the most negative side of African American social reality in the United States. When dealing with metaphors in African American women writers, Jacqueline de Weever argues that «[t)he images that build the metaphors are culled from nature, from creatures of the earth in most cases, with crea tu res of the air -the bird for example- used occasionally» (De Weever 1991 : 62). However, in the case of Toni Morrison, it is frequently rather than occasionally that she uses birds -and their flight- as metaphor. It is the purpose of thi s essay to ascertain whether the image of the bird is utilized with its usual traditional symbolism of freedom or if that a<>sociation is revised. -
Toni Morrison's Sula: an Image of a New World Woman
IOSR Journal of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 26, Issue 3, Series 10 (March. 2021) 34-37 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org Toni Morrison’s Sula: an Image of a New World Woman Dr. Bharati Sukalal Khairnar Associate Professor and Head, Department of English, S.P.H. Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Malegaon Camp, Dist. Nashik, MS, Savitribai Phule Pune University --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 16-03-2021 Date of Acceptance: 31-03-2021 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Toni Morrison has been experimenting with fiction from the beginning of a literary career with The Bluest Eye. It is useful to recognise Morrison's expertize in Virginia Woolf and William Faulkner, two Masters of experimentation in the novel. Morrison's second novel Sula is set in a fictional town of Medallion, Ohio. Sula was enthusiastically received by literary critics and reviewers. Nominated for the National Book award this rich and moving novel traces the lives of two black heroines from their growing up together in a small Ohio town through their sharply divergent paths of womanhood, to their ultimate confrontation and reconciliation. The one, Nel Wright chooses to remain in the place of her birth, to marry, to raise a family and to become a pillar of the tightly knit black community. The Other, Sula Peace rejects all that Nel has accepted. She escapes to college and submerges herself in the city life. When she returns to her roots it is a rebel, a mocker and a wanton sexual seductress. Both Women must suffer the consequences of their choices, both must decide if they can afford to harbour the love they have for each other and both combine to create an unforgettable rendering of what it means and costs to exist and survive as a black woman in America.