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Portada Y Contraportada Dr. C. JESÚS ESTUPIÑAN RICARDO PhD. DOCENTE TITULAR PRINCIPAL. UNIANDES ECUADOR. LA INVESTIGACIÓN JURÍDICA EN LA FORMACIÓN DE LOS PROFESIONALES DEL DERECHO. VALIDACIÓN NEUTROSÓFICA Dr. C. JESÚS ESTUPIÑAN RICARDO PhD. Copyright © 2021. Add this address too as publisher: NSIA Publishing House Editions Neutrosophic Science International Association University of New Mexico. USA © The Author, 2021 Publicado con el Co-auspicio de la ASOCIACIÓN LATINOAMERICANA DE CIENCIAS NEUTROSÓFICAS. LA INVESTIGACIÓN JURÍDICA EN LA FORMACIÓN DE LOS PROFESIONALES DEL DERECHO. VALIDACIÓN NEUTROSÓFICA ----Ecuador: Los Ríos – Babahoyo, 2021. 1ª edición 2021 © Dr. C. Jesús Estupiñan Ricardo PhD. 15,24, 22,86 cm. Todos los derechos reservados. ISBN: 978–1–59973–692-1 Reservados todos los derechos. Ninguna parte de esta obra puede ser reproducida o transmitida, mediante ningún sistema o método, electrónico o mecánico (incluyendo el fotocopiado, la grabación y almacenamiento de información), sin consentimiento o la preceptiva autorización previa. REVISORES: Dr. C. Maikel Y. Leyva Vázquez Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Ecuador Presidente Asociación Latinoamericana de Ciencias Neutrosóficas [email protected] Dr. C. Octavio Jesús Bruceta Serrano Universidad de Holguín, Cuba Docente Investigador [email protected] Índice AVAL DE PAR(6 ACADÉMICO6………………….………………………….. 1 PREFACIO………………………………………………………………………………. 3 I. CAPÍTULO. LA INVESTIGACIÓN JURÍDICA………………………….. 7 II. CAPÍTULO. LA INVESTIGACIÓN JURÍDICA Y LA FORMACIÓN DE LOS PROFESIONALES DEL DERECHO EN ECUADOR………. 13 III. CAPÍTULO. MÉTODOS Y TÉCNICAS DE INVESTIGACIÓN JURÍDICA……………………………………………………………………………… 29 3.1. EL MÉTODO EXEGÉTICO………………………………………………… 31 3.1.1. EL MÉTODO EXEGÉTICO Y LA NEUTROSOFÍA……………… 62 3.2. EL MÉTODO SISTEMÁTICO………………………………………… 70 3.2.1. LA TEORÍA DE SISTEMAS…………………………………………… 70 3.2.2. SOBRE EL MÉTODO SISTEMÁTICO JURÍDICO……………. 83 3.2.3. EL MÉTODO SISTEMÁTICO JURÍDICO Y LA NEUTROSOFÍA…………………………………………………………………….. 115 3.3. EL MÉTODO SOCIOLÓGICO…………………………………………… 123 3.3.1 LA SOCIOLOGÍA DEL DERECHO…………………………..…… 124 3.3.2 SOBRE EL MÉTODO SOCIOLÓGICO JURÍDICO………….. 145 3.3.3 LA SOCIOLOGÍA DEL DERECHO Y LA NEUTROSOFÍA.. 163 IV. CAPÍTULO. LA DEONTOLOGÍA JURÍDICA………………………. 165 4.1. LA LÓGICA DEÓNTICA…………………………………………………… 192 4.1.1. LA LÓGICA DEÓNTICA Y LA NEUTROSOFÍA………………… 196 BIBLIOGRAFÍA GENERAL……………………………………………………. 198 BIBLIOGRAFÍA DEL CAPÍTULO I…………………………………………. 198 BIBLIOGRAFÍA DEL CAPÍTULO II………………………………………… 202 BIBLIOGRAFÍA DEL CAPÍTULO III……………………………… ..…….. 205 BIBLIOGRAFÍA DEL CAPÍTULO IV««««««««««««««« AVAL DE PAR ACADÉMICO Yo Maikel Y. Leyva Vázquez, Doctor en Ciencias (PHD) con número de Cédula de Identidad 0932861370 expido el siguiente aval académico en favor del libro “La investigación Jurídica en la Formación de los profesionales de derecho. Validación neutrosófica”, correspondiente a un autor de la Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes, atendiendo a los aspectos siguientes: Se trata de un texto actual con un análisis profundo de las concepciones modernas de la investigación jurídica. Abarca los procesos generales de la investigación tomando en consideración las particularidades de esta ciencia para contribuir a la solución de problemas sociales. Se presenta la información de forma detallada sin sesgos ni elementos que respondan a intereses particulares que afecten la objetividad de la información. Otro aporte a destacar es el análisis de la indeterminación para argumentar la interpretación legal y el método exegético dentro de la investigación jurídica desde la modelación neutrosófica y es especial la incorporación de los conjuntos plitogénicos. El libro denota un aporte a la disciplina que aborda con una fundamentación teórica adecuada evidenciando objetividad. Señala las corrientes principales de las ciencias jurídicas La extensión del libro es adecuada distribuido en cuatro capítulos. Las citas y referencias presentan una adecuada actualidad con un correcto porcentaje de referentes de los últimos 10 años Quiero finalmente reconocer el trabajo del autor y desearle éxito en la difusión de tan importante obra. Dr. C. Maikel Y. Leyva Vázquez Docente Investigador Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Ecuador Presidente Asociación Latinoamericana de Ciencias Neutrosóficas 1 LA INVESTIGACIÓN JURÍDICA EN LA FORMACIÓN DE LOS PROFESIONALES DEL DERECHO. VALIDACIÓN NEUTROSÓFICA AVAL DE PAR ACADÉMICO Yo Octavio Jesús Bruceta Serranos, Licenciado en Derecho y Doctor en Ciencias (PHD) expido el siguiente aval académico en favor del libro “La investigación Jurídica en la Formación de los profesionales de derecho. Validación neutrosófica”, correspondiente a un autor de la Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes, atendiendo a los aspectos siguientes: El texto presenta una elevada actualidad y pertinencia, aborda aspectos esenciales relacionados con la aplicación del enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo en la investigación jurídica resaltando la importancia de la utilización de los modelos cualitativos para el desarrollo de las investigaciones en esta área. Los contenidos de este libro están distribuidos en cuatro capítulos correctamente estructurados y bajo un orden lógico, brindando información actual y veraz. Un aporte fundamental constituye el análisis e inclusión de la indeterminación como parte de los problemas de la interpretación legal mediante las ciencias neutrosófica. El texto aborda desde una concepción holística y sistémica el problema de la investigación jurídica. Se presenta la información de forma coherente, objetiva y fundamentada en posicionamientos teóricos particulares, así como de diversos autores. La actualidad de las citas y referencias es adecuada, con un correcto porcentaje de referentes de los últimos 10 años. Quiero reconocer el trabajo del autor y la profundidad y el alcance de los fundamentos expuestos. Drc. Octavio Jesús Bruceta Serrano Universidad de Holguín, Cuba Docente Investigador Universidad de Holguín Cuba 2 LA INVESTIGACIÓN JURÍDICA EN LA FORMACIÓN DE LOS PROFESIONALES DEL DERECHO. VALIDACIÓN NEUTROSÓFICA PREFACIO Se puede definir a la investigación jurídica como el conjunto de actividades, llevadas a cabo por el jurista, que tienden a la búsqueda del derecho, de sus antecedentes y, por supuesto, de su actualidad y realidad. De esta forma, el derecho constituye el objeto de la investigación científica, y se convierte en investigación jurídica. Los fines de la investigación jurídica son ampliar, corregir, verificar o aplicar los conocimientos adquiridos, y es de suma importancia, ya que puede dar soluciones válidas a los problemas que afectan a la sociedad, o por lo menos, puede aportar elementos necesarios para comprenderlos mejor. De esta forma, la investigación jurídica es una de las tareas más importantes que realiza una universidad, por medio de su facultad de derecho, en sus grados de licenciatura, maestría y doctorado, porque contribuye en gran parte a la autoformación del estudiante e investigador del derecho, que con sus trabajos y aportaciones enriquece al mundo jurídico y a la sociedad en general. Actualmente la investigación jurídica se encuentra insertada en la función que el derecho tiene en un mundo globalizado como el que nos encontramos hoy. Tal como lo afirma el doctor Jorge Witker, la investigación del derecho valora como objetivos principales el formar a los alumnos en el manejo de métodos y técnicas, fomentar un autoaprendizaje para aquel que investiga, lo cual le permitirá tener un criterio jurídico amplio, práctico y eficiente para la vida social en esta era de la globalización, y estimular al maestro a estar actualizado en su materia. La investigación fomenta un autoaprendizaje y una autonomía de pensamiento en el investigador, que le ayuda a tener un criterio jurídico más amplio, y le permite conocer la realidad social en la cual el derecho se aplica, poniéndose en contacto directo con el desarrollo y el cambio social. Por ello, se puede afirmar que los investigadores del derecho son los formadores del pensamiento jurídico de un país. Hasta ahora, no se ha dado a la investigación jurídica la importancia que merece; es por esa razón que en todas las universidades se le debe apoyar e impulsar, ya que el fomento a esta tarea intelectual y 3 LA INVESTIGACIÓN JURÍDICA EN LA FORMACIÓN DE LOS PROFESIONALES DEL DERECHO. VALIDACIÓN NEUTROSÓFICA los trabajos científicos que de ella resulten son acciones que vinculan a una institución con la sociedad, la cual requiere de constantes cambios en su orden normativo. Los trabajos que emanan de las investigaciones científicas representan y dan presencia a cada institución de nivel superior en el campo intelectual jurídico nacional e internacional. Todo jurista, en algún momento de su vida, se ve en la tarea de realizar una investigación, ya sea con la elaboración de trabajos durante sus estudios profesionales, al terminarlos con su proyecto profesional; luego con las maestrías, doctorados, o bien en su labor cotidiana como docente e investigador. Por tal motivo, es necesario proveer al estudiante, desde los primeros semestres de su carrera, de los elementos indispensables para realizar esta tarea con éxito. Si se quiere ser un buen litigante, un buen juez, un buen asesor jurídico, o un buen profesor e investigador, entonces no hay que olvidar emplear la metodología de la investigación jurídica en las actividades que se desempeñen. Para poder acceder a la importancia de la investigación jurídica en los procesos educativos, se hace necesario comprender que la ciencia jurídica,
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