A Quaker Weekly

VOLUME 3 MARCH 30, 1957 NUMBER 13

IN THIS ISSUE

The Meaning of Membership /!}QUAL and exact jwlice to all men, freedom of reli­ . • • . • by Norman J. Whitney gion, freedom of the press, freedom of person under the protection of the habeas cor­ pus; and trial by juries im­ If I Were Eighteen partially selected-these prin­ by Friends Peace Committee, Philadelphia ciples form the bright constel­ lation which has gone before us. - THOMAS JEFFERSON Concerning Unanimous Decision • • • • . by Howard E. Kershner

Our London Letter • • . . . by Joan Hewitt

FIFTEEN CENTS A COPY Books-Poetry

$4.50 A YEAR 198 FRIENDS JOURNAL March 30, 1957

Concerning Unanimous Decision N his last presidential address to the American Federation of FRIENDS JOURNAL I Labor Convention in 1924, the late Samuel Gompers attrib­ uted the success of the labor movement under his direction to the absence of coercion and to ". . . sincere democratic delib­ eration until a unanimous decision is reached." To read what Mr. Gompers said about "voluntary prin­ ciples" and "unanimous decision" is like listening to a Friend explaining the great advantages of seeking unanimous decisions in Friends meetings and avoiding the taking of votes and the coercion of minorities by majorities. Published weekly at 1616 Cherry Street, Philadelphia 2, In these days when so many people, including Friends, are Pennsylvania (Rittenhouse 6-7669) By Friends Publishing Corporation looking to government to regulate so many phases of life, WILLIAM HUBBEN JEANNE CAVIN always on the basis of majority approval, we would do well to Editor and Manager . Advertisements LOIS L. COMINGS MARTHA TURNER consider Gompers' statement: Assistant Editor Subscriptions Guided by voluntary principles, our Federation has CONTRIBUTING COR

ESTABLISHED 1955 PHILADELPHIA, MARCH 30, 1957 VoL. 3-No. 13

Editorial Comments The NAACP Outlawing NAACP HE heated controversies at the Alcorn, Miss., Agri­ In 1956 the NAACP was banned by court decrees in T cultural and Mechanical College for Negroes cen­ Alabama, Louisiana, and Texas. Other states like Vir­ tered upon the tactics of Negro leaders in their fight for ginia and Florida have launched serious legal attacks on integration. Professor Glennon King was accused by the NAACP. In Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, students of displaying a mild "Uncle Tom" attitude, and North Carolina no member of the NAACP can hold 1 whereas the majority of the students favored the more public office or teach. Prominent Catholic voices have determined and race-conscious approach of the National clearly stated that the attempt to outlaw the organization Association for the Advancement of Colored People is unconstitutional and violates our principle of the free­ (NAACP). The NAACP has become one of the most dom of association. The American Jewish Congress sees widely discussed organizations. Its headquarters are at in such practices "a greater menace to constitutional 20 West 40th Street, New York 18, N.Y., and it counts at liberty than mob violence." present 350,000 members, of whom an estimated 8 to 12 Practices of outlawing NAACP are usually based on per cent are whites. More than half of the members are charges of its being a Communist organization. But the in the 17 southern and border states. Most membership NAACP maintains that Communist infiltration attempts meetings are held in churches of predominantly Negro were unsuccessful. Men like J. Edgar Hoover, Cardinal congregations. Arthur B. Spingarn, a white New York Spellman, and Senator Hubert H. Humphrey would not attorney, has been president since 1939 and was preceded support the organization if it were Communist. in his office by two other white men. Allan Knight Chal­ mers, faculty member of the Boston University School of Lynching Theology, serves as treasurer, and Theodore Spaulding, a Between 1890 and 1927, 3,730 persons were lynched, Philadelphia Negro judge, is assistant treasurer. Among of whom only a small number were white. While the the 21 vice-presidents are men like Norman Cousins, efforts of NAACP to promote federal antilynching legis­ Oscar Hammerstein, John Haynes Holmes, Eric John­ lation has been, so far, unsuccessful, the campaigning ston, and A. Philip Randolph. Seventy-five per cent of proved to be an education for a broad public. Walter the Board of Directors are Negroes. White once wrote that in states "with the greatest num­ A bloody race riot in Abraham Lincoln's home, ber of lynchings to their discredit ... the great majority Springfield, Ill., in 1908 was the immediate cause for the of the church members are Protestants and of the evan­ formation of the NAACP, whose founder was Mary gelical wing of Protestantism as well. . . . Protestantism White Ovington, a white social worker. After almost half in the lynching states has become the stronghold of big­ a century, the color-caste system in the United States has otry, directing its onslaught against Negroes, Catholics, lost some of its former rigidity, yet even after the 1954 and Jews." Recent observations concerning the simul­ Supreme Court decision "two-thirds of the white public taneously nourished attitudes of extreme Protestant fun­ continue to mutter that Negro children really should go damentalism and hatred of the Negro seem to substanti­ to separate schools," although "the fact of integration has ate such a statement and give food for serious thought. been accepted" (Scientific American, December, 1956). The Test of Democracy The NAACP has won 42 of the 46 cases it carried to the Albert E. Barnett, a southerner, said in a letter to U. S. Supreme Court. They concerned schooling on all The Christian Century (May 30, 1956): "The NAACP levels, segregation in public parks and playgrounds, in­ counsels patience and moderation, and admirably illus­ terstate travel vehicles and intrastate buses, housing, and trates both. . . . In no case has 'privilege' surrendered voting rights. Fair employment laws have been passed of its own accord. Nor will it. If to 'go slow' is to relax in 15 states. The NAACP promotes federa11egislati'on to pressures through the courts and public opinion, no ban racial discrimination in employment. social change will be effected." 199 200 FRIENDS JOURNAL March 30, 1957

Whether history r-epeats itself or not, much of our takings for the Meeting, such as study and discussion present struggle reminds of Gandhi's experiences in South groups, will arise as needed. Africa and India. The American Negro has learned from Another question we face in our Meeting is our lack experiences there and is employing the tactics of non­ of corporate witness for Friends . Many violence that will ultimately lead also to his victory here. smaller Meetings put us to shame on this issue by holding public meetings, organizing protest marches through their towns, cooperating with other churches and pacifist Our London Letter bodies, and writing to members of Parliament to express HE London Meeting to which I belong is one of the opposition to nuclear warfare. Even so, in spite of an T largest in the country: every Sunday morning over a appeal two years ago for a crusade by London Yearly hundred people attend meeting for worship, and among Meeting against the use of nuclear weapons, Friends' them are a good number of young people- most of them efforts have been piecemeal and sporadic. students or nurses. Some of these, and some of the older In my own Meeting we have rejected for the moment attenders, have not yet joined the Society but have been the idea of a public witness, as we feel that we must first drawn to it by Friends' way of worship or by Friends' gain unity and support on this issue among our own reputation for good works. Now that we are back in our members and attenders. It seems that, apart from the rebuilt meeting house, with more space and with oppor­ young men who are making a stand as conscientious tunities for coming together at times other than Sunday objectors, a good many young people who are drawh to morning, we feel the need to get to know these visitors and Friends' other testimonies are indifferent to this one. to encourage them to become members if it seems right. This, we think, is an indication that we members need to In a large Meeting there is a corresponding number of think it out afresh and to put it to them in a contempo­ concerned Friends ready to speak to visitors, and usually rary context. Many of us have a sense of shame and un­ several people welcome strangers, ask them to sign the easiness over the way in which we have acquiesced in visitors' book, and show them the library and pamphlet modern war and have been too disheartened even to pro­ rack. But a large Meeting has this disadvantage: even the test very loudly, still less to discover an alternative way most long-standing members cannot know everybody, and of life for mankind. We plan to hold a meeting addressed our young , appointed in January, was asked the by one of our own members (we rejected the idea of a other Sunday morning whether he was visiting meeting well-known Friend). He will speak on the basic ideas for the first time. This kind of mistake is rather inhibit­ behind the peace testimony, and we hope that discussion ing, and some strangers, who might have welcomed a and plans for further action will follow. greeting, are not always spoken to. Other visitors who, In the meantime my mind goes back to a poem which week after week, are invited by a different Friend to sign appeared in Punch during the war, for, as the poem the visitors' book, feel that they are no nearer to making concluded: real personal contacts. This must be a problem familiar Spring is back again, the lovely, to many readers of the FRIENDS JOURNAL. I wonder how That's a thing that should be said, they tackle it. And I'm saying it, I'm saying it, I am. A small group of us has been discussing what to do about newcomers. We are having a few words of wel­ The style of the poem was flippant, with references to the come printed on a card, to which can be added the names "spring offensive, Hitler and the Hun," but it tripped so of a man and a woman Friend who wi'Il be glad to talk to merrily along and contained such an essential truth that inquirers. Those chosen for this service will alternate I, unmusical as I am, found it singing in my head and from time to time with other Friends. The cards will be was constrained, laboriously and with one finger, to spell distributed before and after meeting. We h ave decided out a tune for it on the piano. At that time we faced hot also to announce each Sunday that newcomers are in­ war and the threat of invasion. We are spared that at the vited to stay behind for a cup of tea to meet one or two moment and are lulled into an uneasy sense of security. Friends. As we know that most people want to hurry It is right that we should gird up our loins and fight home or to their hostels for the Sunday joint we shall tell greed, apathy, fear, and suspicion, lack of care for our them that they will be kept only for about ten minutes. fellow man. We need also to draw on the spiritual re­ Those who meet them will be Overseers or Elders or sources so abundantly offered to us and so richly here in others appointed by members of those two bodies. We outward form as, even in the heart of London, bird song hope that in this way newcomers will get a chance to and a blaze of flowers herald the coming of spring. express their needs and interests and that new under- JoAN HEWIIT March 30, 1957 FRIENDS JOURNAL 201 The Meaning of Membership By NORMAN J. WHITNEY

~~ ~uestion of membership ~nd ~he mutual responsi­ Church could be recovered if the Church today thought Tbilities of members and Meetmgs Is a live one. That so of itself, not as serving a pedagogical function, but as many Meetings are struggling with this perplexing prob­ itself being a community which demonstrated in its own lem is one of the encouraging signs of vitality among us. life the nature of a Christian society." Alexander Purdy The difficulty rises from the responsibility of trying to reminds us that the first Christians thought of themselves maintain a noncreedal religious fellowship whose defini­ as "a colony of heaven," approximating the divine com­ tion and discipline are to be established by many groups, munity. Some of the issues that perplex us will be re­ often small and widely scattered but always autonomous. solved when we make up our minds; better, when we I shall try to suggest three aspects of the problem, as reach a sense of the meeting as to whether we want to I see it. First, there is the prob­ be a preparatory school or a lem of dispersed and diversified demonstration of the Kingdom. Meetings, not based on geo­ Third, there is the need for graphic, vocational, or social definition. Membership without community of experience. How definition is essentially meaning­ are the scattered members of less, but we must not confuse such Meetings, living under the such definition with creed. pressures of an age of supersonic Neave Brayshaw comments: speed, going to overcome the "The Society of Friends is not sheer physical obstacles to the merely a religious club, having building of the worshiping com­ as its basis of membership noth­ munity or holy fellowship out of ing more than profession of be­ which a true sense of the meet­ lief in the 'Inner Light'; it exists ing can rise? For the sense of the to bear corporate witness to the meeting does not come in re­ principles and practices for sponse to the ritual observance which it stands. . . ." Such con­ of "a few moments of silence"; cepts of membership do not pre­ it rises out of the unhurried sume the imposition of a theo­ communion of spirit that breeds Courtesy A.F.S.C. logical creed or doctrine; they NoRMAN J. WHITNEY mutual trust and confidence in do presume an active mutual which real sharing is possible; it comes from lives that concern and the responsible exercise of spiritual disci­ know each other in that which is eternal, yes, but who pline as to matters of conduct and behavior. These are have also worked and played, thought and prayed, to­ almost forgotten arts among us. gether in that which is of today, temporal. In a word, let Perhaps the three most significant of our historic tes­ us ask ourselves soberly, "Have we time to be ?" timonies for these days are the testimony against all war, It was not an idle observer who questioned whether or the testimony against all discrimination and exploitation, not a Society such as we envision could survive in the and the testimony against oaths. These are so intricately secularized society in which we live. Responsible member­ interwoven with each other and with the whole fabric ship in the Society of Friends takes time and discipline. of our faith that we do not have the privilege of a diner Second, there is the question of a basic philosophy of in a restaurant to select a la carte. These are necessary membership. Howard Brinton has written of two differ­ deductions from the principle of the inner light; and it ing concepts of church function: "The power of the early is still true, as earlier Friends remind us, that "the want of consistency in any weakens the testimony of the whole." Norman J. Whitney, until recently associate professor of English Finally, whatever choices we make or whatever deci­ at Syracuse University, is consultant in peace education for the sions we reach on the meaning and responsibilities of American Friends Service Committee. This is a brief extract from his 1957 Lecture, Into Great Waters, delivered at membership, we shall not escape the keen eye of a watch­ Philadelphia on March 24 under the sponsorship ful world. For example, an observer of the contemporary of the Young Friends Movement and published in its entirety in a religious scene at Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, not­ pamphlet available for 50 cents from the Young Friends Movement, 1515 Cherry Street, Philadelphia 2, Pa. ing the wide diversity of witness home by Friends in 202 FRIENDS JOURNAL March 30, 1957 public positions, comments, "Even the Society of Friends, ing men to the truth than in bringing them into any which was once so skilled in the exercise of group disci­ kind of membership. This is fully in keeping with the pline, was represented in public life by divided coun­ conviction of early Quakers that the institutional church sels . .." and cites us "as a supreme evidence that the is incompatible with the New Covenant. churches have embraced the world and succumbed to The question is often put in another way: "Why can­ complacency." He then asks, "How can we expect the not we shake the nation as did? Now most divided and secular society to regard our professions people hardly know where our meeting house stands." more highly than we regard them ourselves?" I would agree with John William Graham that the ques­ Answering That of God tion is largely superficial. It is true that we have lost the Fox's comment is clear: first, fresh rapture and enthusiasm of a new movement; it is true that we have watered down our testimonies and This is the word of the Lord God to you all and a conformed too largely to the "world" around us; but charge to you all in the presence of the living God: there is also a profound change in the intellectual climate be patterns, be examples in all countries, places, of our time. New conditions call not for new principles islands, nations, wherever you come; that your car­ but for a fresh vocabulary; truth is still truth, but each riage and life may preach among all sorts of people, generation has the responsibility of restating the eternal and to them; then you will come to walk cheerfully in terms of the contemporary. The Society of Friends over the world, answering that of God in every one. needs interpreters and publishers today as it always has; No one can or should try to escape the evangelistic as it always will. urge of this oft-repeated charge of Fox to his followers. No one can be possessed of profound truth without seek­ ing to communicate it; no one can be possessed by an Third Floor Window overwhelming love without the need to share it. The By LENORE SHOWELL first Publishers of Truth spent themselves royally to Beneath my window I can see spread the good news with which their hearts burned. My neighbor's flowering dogwood tree, It is not on the need or the right to publish truth that Pink fleecy layers, spreading wide, we are likely to differ today, but on the what and the With a glossy beech tree close beside. how. Troubles come, and constant pain, A very wise and gentle non·Christian to whom this But always, it is spring again; question was put in my hearing answered, "The sincere God's miracle for all is £ree- believer has both the need and the right to proclaim his l have my neighbor's dogwood tree. message, providing always that he does it in deep humil­ ity and with complete respect for the beliefs of others." The Find This is not only a clear test; it is a severe one. Look back By HARRIET PLIMPTON to Fox now: "Be patterns, be examples ... that your carriage and life may preach." Let the seeker look about him as he goes, In these two counsels we have both the spirit and the No matter what wind blows; method of a Quaker approach to missions; with humility, He may find a different gold with respect; not by words only but by deed and life are Better than story ever told. Better than all he had in mind we to "answer that of God in every one." And how many and how eager we shall find the listeners and how quick May be indeed the casual find their response! Such an approach leaves no place for the To him who does not hunt so hard he's blind. imperialistic demands that have made the missionary movement a divisive influence in our Father's one world Spring Fancy and have brought it into such disrepute among so many By ANN RuTH ScHABACKER great peoples. The mute, rough-fingered trees upraise their hands I once heard an earnest inquirer ask at a summer in­ In flowering oblation to the dawn. stitute why modern Friends seem so much less interested To decorate the endless aisles of space in evangelizing than they were in the beginning. The She holds the silent splendor of their bloom answer suggested that there is not so great a difference as Ensconced within her vast cerulean bowl. we suppose; that the zeal and energy of early Friends was May we as briefly poised on time's knife edge tremendous, but that they were more interested in bring- As tree and flower, bring luster to this hour. March 30, 1957 FRIENDS JOURNAL 203 If I Were Eighteen HE Quaker peace testimony continues to be upheld by chose one of the C.O. positions. The number of these replying T many young Friends and nonmember attenders of the is too small to be at all representative. 89 meetings in Philadelphia Yearly Meeting. This was shown Conclusions in a survey conducted in 1956 by the Friends Peace Commit­ Can we draw any conclusions from the results of this poll? tee, Philadelphia. In an effort to measure as accurately as We think so, provided we keep in mind that replies came possible attitudes on this question, 515 boys and 460 girls from slightly less than one third of the young people polled. between the ages of 16 and 21 were asked to select one of The age group in question has grown up at a time when five alternatives in reply to the question: the draft is an accepted part of American life; it has been If I were 18 and had to decide what position I would exposed to social pressures encouraging conformity ~nd ac­ take in relation to the draft, I feel I would choose ... ceptance of the military obligation for all young men. The Of the 287 (30 per cent) who replied, all but 24 gave their fact that 37 per cent of the boys and 57 per cent of the girls names, although signing the reply was optional; 77 of these replying to the poll would take some form of C.O. position asked for literature on the peace testimony. probably indicates that many adult Friends are giving guidance The list of 975 young people surveyed includes all kinds, and encouragement to their children in relation to the peace covering a wide range of attitudes. Some are children of testimony. families who hold Friends' testimonies in high respect; others It is interesting to compare these figures with a national come from families giving little or no attention to these study of men conducted by Harold Chance in 1946. These testimonies. Their answers to the question are classified in statistics were gathered from 750 (three fourths) of the Friends the accompanying table. Meetings in the United States. Out of about 10,084 young A comparison of the choices reveals that the position of male Friends between the ages of 18 and 25 only 2,647, or conscientious objector is considerably stronger among the 26 per cent, took the C.O. position or would have taken it if girls, 57 per cent of whom say they would be C.O.'s, against called by the draft during World War II. It should be pointed only 37 per cent among the boys. Only 17 per cent of the out that Harold Chance's poll was a record of acts, whereas girls would choose combatant duty in comparison with 42 the present poll is an expression of opinion. per cent for the boys. One fourth of the girls were uncertain, The present poll reveals that ~he position of the non­ and 21 per cent of the boys had not made up their minds. registrant or absolutist C.O. is practically nonexistent today, The fact that girls are not subject to the draft may account, even though this position is upheld by the Society as in keep­ in some degree, for the higher ratio of C.O.'s. It is encourag­ ing with the peace testimony. The conditioning by an ongoing ing to have some evidence of the importance of the peace draft of the thinking of our young people and of adult Friends testimony to young girls in the Yearly Meeting. as reflected in the virtual end of the absolutist position should The choices of the 53 nonmembers varied little from that certainly raise the question of the long-range effect of a per­ of members who replied. One interesting variation was evi­ manent draft law upon the peace testimony. denced by the fact that 71 per cent of the nonmember girls Finally, the poll reveals a clear choice for the C.O. civilian

POSITION ON MILITARY SERVICE: SURVEY OF 975 MEMBERS AND NoNMEMBER ATTENDERS BETW'EEN THE AGES OF 16 AND 21, PHILADELPHIA YEARLY MEETING, 1956

BOYS GIRLS BoTH

~ "'1-< "'1-< "'... ~ PosiTIONS IN RELATION Q) "':::: Q) "':::: Q) "':::: ... ..0 0 ..0 0 ~ ..0 0 0 ~ ..."' s 1-< ~ "'1-< E-< ~ Q) ~ "' s s TO DRAFT Q) s ... Q) Q) s,.._ ... Q) Q) s,.._ ... ..0 t:: ..0 t:: ..0 "0 t:: s "'"'t:: ..... Q) t:: Q) t:: Q) ~ u s ~ u s t:: u s t:: 0 s t:: 0 s 0 ~ Q) ... 0 t:: 0 1-< Q) 0 1-< Q) 0= 1-< 1-< Q) = 0 Q) t:: Q) ;:;s z < E-< A. ;:;s z «( E-< A. ;:;s z «( 0 A. 1-0, Alternative service ..... 37 8 I 46 28 35 13 5 53 44 72 21 6 99 34.5 Refusal to register ...... - I I 2 1.2 2 - - 2 1 2 1 I 4 1.4 Don't know; uncertain . .... 27 6 3 36 21 21 3 6 30 25 48 9 9 66 23 1-A-0, Noncombat army .... 12 I - 13 8 12 2 - 14 12 24 3 - 27 10 1-A, Regular military ...... 51 16 4 71 42 13 3 4 20 17 64 19 8 91 31.7 ------

Totals • 0 •• • ••••••• 0 0 0 127 32 9 168 83 21 15 II9 210 53 24 287 204 FRIENDS JOURNAL March 30, 1957

work alternative as against the C.O. noncombatant position this book is to bring some of these tools within the reach in the military. Whereas 28 per cent of the boys and 44 per of all who are concerned with this phase of education­ cent of the girls who answered the poll indicated preference whether professional scientists, educators, leaders in the for the C.O. civilian work position, only 8 per cent of the character-building agencies, religious educators, teachers, boys and 12 per cent of the girls chose the 1-A-0 noncombatant parents, or even some of our more able youth. position. Whether or not one is equally convinced with Dr. Ligon that The poll indicates that nearly one fourth of young Friends the solution of the basic moral and ethical problems of human have not yet made up their minds. Such indecision is in itself personality lies within the grasp of scientific research, there significant, especially because of the social pressures and high­ is much here that is instructive and challenging. powered recruiting constantly surrounding them; 23 per cent However, let the reader beware. This is not a book to be undecided is surely no victory for the Army. Furthermore, picked up for an evening's pleasant reading; it is definitely this fact suggests the need and the opportunity for increased a textbook. Although presumably written for the "intelligent efforts on the part of adult Friends and of Monthly Meetings layman" it frequently presents heavy going, particularly in to do a better job of helping prepare our young people to th'ose chapters dealing with methods of research, and un­ make a choice consistent with our tradition and our hopes. doubtedly a grounding in science and psychology is necessary to its proper appreciation. FRIENDS PEACE COMMITTEE, PHILADELPHIA CAROLYN W. MALLISON

Books THE ILIAD OR, THE POEM OF FORCE. By SIMONE STORIES FROM THE LIFE OF JESUS. By APRIL OURSLER WEIL. Pendle Hill Pamphlet No. 91. Pendle Hill, Wal­ ARMSTRONG. Garden City Books, Doubleday and Company, lingford, Pa., 1957. 39 pages. 35 cents. New York. 256 pages. $2.95 Simone Weil's whole life was devoted to one human prob­ The Greatest Story Ever Told by Fulton Oursler was a lem: what is the meaning of suffering? She lived this problem story of Jesus' life told with imaginative incidents woven into with a selfless passion which one expects only of saints. She the biblical account. It had a good deal of publicity, due in sought out and shared the sufferings of others; and in the part to the radio program, "The Greatest Story Ever Told," end it was this compulsion to assume the sufferings of human­ on Sunday evenings. ity that killed her. She died in 1943, at 34. Fulton Oursler's daughter has endeavored to adapt the The Iliad or, The Poem of Force, written just after the book for children. The stories are dramatic and vivid, and fall of France, is a meditation upon the spiritual meaning the book is attractive to see. This reader, however, feels that and effects upon men of force, "that x that turns anybody there are many biblical books far more usable for boys and who is subjected to it into a thing." The essay is only inci­ girls in Friends' homes and First-day Schools. Many of the dentally about Homer's epic. The theme is far greater; it terms used are unfamiliar to Friends or have connotations includes all men, the oppressor and the oppressed alike, who not acceptable to this Friend's theology,-the "heart of God," touch and are altered by violence, and therefore all men, for example. April Oursler Armstrong has presented a magical for force is a condition of existence. Against this force there rather than a mystical Jesus. is only the defense which Simone Weil found in the Gospels I feel that these 40 stories are no more usable for boys and and demonstrated in her own life: justice and love through girls than the previous book, The Greatest Story Ever Told, suffering shared. "The sense of misery," she writes, "is a pre­ and are more theological. condition of justice and love. . . . Only he who has meas­ AGNES W. COGGESHALL ured the dominion of force and knows how not to respect it, is capable of love and justice." DIMENSIONS OF CHARACTER. By ERNEST M. LIGON. Though her life is a moving story, Simone Weil is impor­ The Macmillan Company, New York, 1956. 497 pages. tant not as an example but as a religious thinker. In the $6.50 Iliad we have a brief summary of her beliefs and an excellent introduction to her thought. · This is the latest of several books Dr. Ligon has written SAM HYNES on human behavior and personality. It is based upon the methods and findings of the Union College Character Research LEARNING ACROSS CULTURES. A Study of Germans Project, in which Dr. Ligon has pioneered. A scholarly book, Visiting America. By JEANNE WATSON and RoNALD LIPPITT. it is complete with bibliography, index, and study outlines. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1955. 208 pages. $3.00 In his preface Dr. Ligon sets forth the volume's reason for During the last decade thousands of visitors have come to being: this country, students as well as persons established in their Almost every phase of the moral and spiritual growth of respective fields and prominent in their communities. Since personality can now be attacked effectively by scientific all this was done at the American taxpayer's expense, the pub­ research. Furthermore, many of the new developments in lic might well ask whether the program was worth the price; experimental design are not only powerful but can be if not, what could be done to improve it; and, above all, used by any intelligent layman. The major purpose of what these visitors really were like. 1

March 30, 1957 FRIENDS JOURNAL 205

Three successive groups of Germans, 29 in all, who came to A Quaker Workshop on Housing will be held at the this country under the program and stayed between six Y.W.C.A., Summer Street, Stamford, Conn., on Saturday, April months and a full year participated in a study designed to 13, beginning at 2 p.m. It will be under the auspices of the throw light on some of these questions which was conducted New York office of the A.F.S.C. and sponsored by the Stamford by the Institute for Social Research of the University of Friends Meeting. After a period of silence for worship, discus­ Michigan. The objectives of the study were to discover the sion groups will be led by pioneers in housing action-Hurford impact of the program on the visitors, what changes of atti­ Crosman (Friends Self-Help Housing, Philadelphia), Rachell tudes, if any, occurred in the visitors during and after their Hill (Friends Suburban Housing, Pa.), Morris Milgram (Con­ stay, how the visitors adjusted to the ways of a foreign country, cord Park Homes, Trevose, Pa.) , Gordon Sweet (Citizens how they adjusted to working as a group, and how the pro­ Action Commission, New Haven, Conn.), and Roger Wilcox gram could be improved. (Village Creek, Norwalk, Conn.) . Robert Gilmore will sum up The book is in parts repetitious, labored, and most of it the concerns brought out by the afternoon's work. is rather difficult reading. Yet it contains a store of informa­ Supper will be served at 6 p.m. At 7:30p.m. Anna Brinton tion on the mental and psychological processes which deter­ will speak on "Friends Approach to Housing and the Total mine the relations between the German visitors and their Community." hosts. Anyone meeting foreign visitors professionally or Reservations for both registration ($ 1.00) and supper ($1.00) merely socially will benefit from the study. Some may doubt should be sent to Housing Workshop, 23 Bryon Road, Old whether an investigation of a segment of visitors as small as Greenwich, Conn. this will have much bearing on the whole subject. While the book suggests improvements to the program, it is curiously The American Friends Service Committee announces an inconclusive as to the program's value and leaves such con­ international student seminar to be held in Poland this sum­ clusions to the judgment of the reader. An appendix lists the mer. It will be the group's first work in Poland since it closed tests, questionnaires, etc., used in the study, and tabulates a relief project there in 1949. Thirty-five to forty students from the results. GEORGE HANSTEIN about twenty countries will participate in the three-week proj­ ect near Warsaw. Most of the students will be on the graduate level. Among them will be residents of both East and West Friends and Their Friends European countries and the United States. Three other Euro­ pean seminars have been planned this summer, in France, Reports about Philadelphia Yearly Meeting are scheduled Austria, and Yugoslavia. Two will be held in Japan and three to be published in the enlarged and illustrated issue of in the United States. FRIENDS JoURNAL for April 20. The general theme of the seminar discussions will be na­ tional and international responsibility. The talks will consider M. C. and Elizabeth Morris report to Emma Cadbury changing social, economic, and political patterns and their (Wider Quaker Fellowship) their recent attendance at Quar­ influence on world affairs and will compare varying concepts terly Me~ting in Heidelberg. Between 40 and 50 persons of freedom, democracy, and self-government. were present for the morning meeting for worship and a talk The Service Committee is exploring the possibility of simi­ by Hans Haffenrichter on the subject of "Science and Reli­ lar seminars to be conducted in Southeast Asia during the gion." After lunch the group returned to the city library summer of 1958 and hopes to expand further the number of for afternoon business sessions, which lasted until 5 p.m. seminars in Europe. In 1956 seminars were held in Austria, Denmark, Switzer­ Elizabeth writes, "We were impressed by the spirit in which land, Yugoslavia, England, Japan, and the United States. matters like new members and help for various projects were handled; also with their concern for present-day political Lewis M. Hoskins, executive secretary of the American problems ,such as atomic energy, peace, and conscientious Friends Service Committee, will spend most of the month of objection." A collection was taken toward the purchase of April in Europe, consulting with staff members in the field and a Volkswagen for Horst Rothe's work with tubercular patients with British Friends. in East Africa. Gifts from America toward the new hospital As a member of the President's Committee for Hungarian building in Kenya were mentioned with appreciation, and Refugee Relief, he will be seeking a fresh appraisal of the the need was stressed for a "Christian Service Unit" inv9lving refugee situation and the role that can be played by govern­ work camps using international volunteers. Elisabeth Stotz ment and private agencies, including the A.F.S.C. He will stop reported on the orphanage in the Black Forest for children over in Geneva to call on the Office of the United Nations from Berlin. Constituent Meetings then made brief reports High Commissioner for Refugees. on activities. The Meetings composing the Quarter are Karls­ Before returning to this country, Lewis Hoskins will visit ruhe, Freiburg, Ludwigshafen, Stuttgart, and Heidelberg. Austria, Yugoslavia, France, and England. He will return to The next meeting is set for May 18 at Ludwigsburg. On Philadelphia to participate in the fortieth anniversary observ­ this occasion M. C. Morris is invited to speak on "Quakerism ance of the Service Committee to be held at in America." on April 28. 206 FRIENDS JOURNAL March 30, 1957

The 1957 Conference of Friends in the Americas at the in the nation spares hogs by first rendering them unconscious. end of June is expected to bring to Wilmington College in Only two small American packers employ the humane tech­ Ohio a gathering widely representative of Quaker groups nique of stunning the animals by electric shock, a method throughout North America. This conference is designed for widely practiced in England and Scandinavia. all Friends, from the youngest member of a delegate's family Supporters of the bill should also write to the two U. S. to the most experienced conference goer. Senators from their state and the Representative from their An increasing number of Friends have difficulty in finding Congressional district andjor to the Secretary of Agriculture, both the time and the money for such a week-long experience. Ezra Taft Benson. In order to help such Friends, and in particular young Quaker families, to attend, a scholarship fund has been established. The Pendle Hill Summer Term for 1957 will be held from Although no general appeal for funds is to be made, Friends July 3 to July 31, with J. Floyd Moore, assistant professor of should be sensitive to this need and send contributions for religion at Guilford College, as dean. Leaders and courses are as follows: J. Floyd Moore, "Principles and Testimonies of the the Scholarship Fund-1957 Conference to Horace Stubbs, Society of Friends"; Maurice Friedman, professor of philosophy Treasurer, Friends World Committee, Wilmington College, at Sarah Lawrence College and author of Martin Buber: The Wilmington, Ohio. Life of Dialogue, "The Biblical Covenant: Central Themes from the Hebrew Bible"; A. J. Muste, Fellowship of Recon­ Frankford Friends Meeting, Unity and Wain Streets, ciliation, "U.S.A. in 1957"-the state of the church, labor, Philadelphia, notes in its Monthly Bulletin, in an article race, highlighted with autobiographical experiences from the signed by Emily C. P. and Walter C. Longstreth, that the past five decades; Maurice A. Creasey, director of studies, average attendance at weekly meetings for worship in 1956 Woodbrooke, England, "Jesus Christ in Early Quakerism"; was smaller than that five, ten, fifteen, and twenty years ago, Alexandra Docili, of Pendle Hill staff, "Color and Design in and asks these questions: Arts and Crafts"; Chouteau Chapin, play director of religious Is our failure to grow because- drama, Union Theological Seminary, "The Search for Spir­ I. We are not cordial enough to visitors? itual Verification in the Modern Theater," evening readings of 2. The spoken messages in Meeting are too few or too plays--Eliot, Marcel, Strindberg, and others--with discussion. brief? The summer term offers a good opportunity to combine 3. The spoken messages in Meeting are too many, or study, worship, and recreation in a country environment, in a too long? community of about sixty persons. Total cost, $150. 4. We have not enough classes in our Sunday school? For application blank and detailed program write to Pendle Hill, 338 Plush Mill Road, Wallingford, Pa. 5. Our Saturday evening Fellowship dinners and enter- tainments do not come often enough? At Newtown, Conn., a new Quaker group-Newtown Pre­ 6. Our moral standards are too high and too austere? parative Meeting, under the care of Wilton , 7. We criticize each other too much? Conn.-meets regularly for worship and business. Sunday meet­ 8. Do people refrain from speaking who have a message ing is at II a.m. at the home of John and Margaret Mason. from God? 9. Do people speak who have no spiritual message? In recent weeks many Friends from various parts of the 10. Do people supplement their divine message with too much of their own personality? United States have shared in the Quaker Program at the United Nations. Coming in groups for the Friends World Emphasizing that "the ministry is a responsibility of each Committee three-day seminars, these pastors and laymen have attender," this Meeting each year requests all attenders to attended meetings at the U.N., have met with members of come to the meeting house on the first Sunday in April at 2:30 p.m. to join in a discussion of how to improve the weekly period of worship. COMING NEXT WEEK

Many Friends interested in the Humane Slaughter Bill A Perspective on Nonviolence (H.R. 3029 and S. 1497) may want to express in the very near future their support to Representative William L. Daw­ The April 6 issue of FRIENDS JOURNAL will carry as a son and Senator Hubert H. Humphrey. The indescribably special feature the four major chapters of this study and cruel methods applied in the slaughter of most animals in­ discussion booklet, which has been prepared by a work­ clude the practice of hauling calves, sheep, lambs, and pigs ing party of a dozen members of the Friends Peace by a chain around one hind leg and sending them struggling Committee of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting. It is one of and screaming to the "sticker," who thrusts a knife into the the best up-to-date studies of nonviolence. It includes conscious animal's throat and leaves it to bleed to death. the already popular "Bench Marks" and a chapter on According to the Boston Herald, a Congressional tour of "What to Do If ..." packing houses last summer disclosed that only one packer March 30, 1957 FRIENDS JOURNAL 207 delegations from a number of countries, and have heard of on horseback, on foot, and on boats, in widely scattered areas; the work of Quakers at the United Nations through meetings in accounts of his visits to hundreds of Quaker families and with Elmore Jackson, Grant Fraser, Margaret E. Jones, and to members who had been disowned by their Meetings in Sydney Bailey. Pennsylvania; and in interesting records of his travels to Staff members from the offices of the Five Years Meeting Newport, R. I., New York, Baltimore, and Washington Meet­ in Richmond, Indiana, were in one of the groups taking part ings. He was much concerned over the suffering of the black in a three-day seminar, which included on one day a number people, and his zealous efforts toward its mitigation and to­ of A.F.S.C. staff from Philadelphia. ward the abolition of slavery brought him in personal con­ The Cambridge Regional Office of the A.F.S.C. has spon­ tact and controversy with leading members of Congress in sored three U.N. seminars this winter for Friends from its Washington. area, and one college seminar. They are planning two more Among the numerous records in his diaries is an account seminars for April. North Carolina Friends are hoping to of a Dugal Camaron's interview with President Washington, send a group. rebuking him for patronizing plays and associating with actors, As a follow-up of the experience of pastors from Western who, Camaron stated, were "evil doers and led the people Yearly Meeting who attended one of our seminars last year, from God," and of Washington's answer "that he was as much the Peace and Social Concerns Committee of the Yearly Meet­ inspired by a good play as he was by listening to a good ing is sponsoring a U.N. program in Indianapolis on March 19. sermon in Church." The A.F.S.C. Regional Office in Iowa has already started These important historical documents are now, through negotiations for its third U.N. seminar next October. the efforts of the Archives and Historical Committee of Merion Margaret E. Jones, who has been directing the Quaker Friends Meeting and the courtesy of the Reverend Bartho­ seminars, has resigned from the staff for personal reasons. The lomew F. Fair, Librarian of St. Charles Borromeo Seminary program will continue and Friends are encouraged to con­ Library, placed in the Quaker Collection of Haverford College sult this office-Quaker U.N. Program, 345 East 46th Street, Library, where they are available to scholars particularly in­ New York 17, N. Y.-for opportunities to share in the terested in Quaker history. seminars. PAUL BLEYDEN, Chairman of the Archives and Historical Committee, The Friends Committee on National Legislation is plan­ Merion Friends Meeting. ning a seminar for pastors and Meeting secretaries to be held in Washington, D. C., from the evening of April 29 through Guilford College noon of May 3. The past five years at Guilford College, N.C., have marked The seminar will help acquaint Meeting secretaries and a period of progress unprecedented in its one hundred and pastors with the work of the F.C.N.L. and, equally important, twenty years of history. Five new building projects have been it will help F.C.N.L. know the thinking of religious leaders completed and four extensive renovations carried out. The in the Society of Friends. campus has been improved and beautified. Enrollment has Part of the seminar will deal with the question of the rela­ been stabilized and endowment increased. The Greensboro tion between religious concern and political action, with spe­ Division shows even more rapid growth than was foreseen. cial emphasis on Quaker belief and practice. Another part of New buildings include Kathrine Hine Shore Hall, the wom­ the seminar will deal with a discussion of specific issues such as en's dormitory given by B. Clyde Shore of Winston-Salem in disarmament, civil rights, and foreign aid. There will also be honor of his wife, with the living room furnished in memory opportunities to visit Congress, see committees in action, and of his mother and the lounge furnishings given by the Mar­ learn what other religious groups are doing in Washington. shall twins, Guilford College, class of 1944, in memory of Interested and qualified persons are urged to write for their grandparents. Founders Hall has now an enlarged dining further details to the Friends Committee on National Legisla­ tion, 104 C Street, N.E., Washington 2, D. C. room, a completely modern kitchen, a new attractive home economics laboratory, a college infirmary, and new apartments Historical Records Discovered for the Dietician, the College Nurse, and the Dean of Women. The Archives and Historical Committee of Merion, Pa., Twenty-eight new brick housing units have been provided Friends Meeting, in its search for Quaker historical manu­ for married students and faculty members. Now under con­ scripts, has discovered a little treasure-trove in an unexpected struction is a new dormitory for men, which is being provided place, St. Charles Borromeo Seminary, Overbrook, Philadel­ by an anonymous donor. phia, Pa. All the older dormitories are being completely refurnished This little treasure-trove consists of eight small original and renovated, and improvements and decorations have been diaries, 1784-1805, kept by John Parrish (1729-1807), a promi­ added to the administration building office. Frame sheds and nent member and minister of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting. temporary buildings have been removed, and planting, new They bring to us high lights of the religious atmosphere, the walks, brick terraces, new roads, and parking areas add much social and economic conditions, among Friends in that period, to the convenience and beauty of the tree-shaded campus with as seen in vivid descriptions of Parrish's missionary journeys its small lake. 208 FRIENDS JOURNAL March 30, 1957

Endowment has increased to nearly one and a half million U.N. Any young Friends who wish to attend make dinner reserva­ dollars. Enrollment on the campus has increased from 540 tion by writing Young Friends Movement, 1515 Cherry Street. 31-West Chester, Pa., Meeting House on North High Street, 8 to 733, but is now being stabilized at a sustained enrollment p.m.: Merrill E. Bush, headmaster of Friends' Central School, of 500 students. The number in the Greensboro Division "Friends' Education for A.D. 2000." has almost doubled, with nearly a thousand students taking 31- Concert Choir, program of sacred and one or more courses. Through this unit Guilford College secular music at Watchung Congregational Church, 143 Watchung Avenue, Montclair, N. J., under the joint sponsorship of Montclair is able to help meet the emerging educational needs of the Monthly Meeting and the Watchung Church, at 8 p.m. Greater Greensboro community of which it is a part. APRIL 5-Cornelia Stabler Gillam, monologist, benefit performance for the Building Fund of Swarthmore, Pa., Monthly Meeting, in Clothier Letters to the Editor Memorial, Swarthmore College, at 8:15 p.m. Letters are subject to editorial revision if too long. Anonyomus 7-Central Philadelphia Meeting, Race Street west of 15th, communications cannot be accepted. Conference Class, 11:40 a.m.: Henry J. Cadbury, "The Parables of Jesus." The young couple whom Clarence Pickett mentions visiting 7-Chestnut Hill Meeting, 100 E. Mermaid Lane, Philadelphia, in their apartment with a view over Hong Kong (FRIENDS Adult Class, following the 10:30 meeting for worship: M. Wistar JouRNAL, February 16) are Joe and Erica Whitney. Joe Whit­ Wood, "The Gospel of John." 7-Frankford Friends Meeting, Unity and Wain Streets, Phila­ ney is a nephew of ours, and a grandson of Willis Norton delphia, at 10 a.m.: Dan Wilson, director of Pendle Hill, "How to Whitney, M.D., who founded the Agasaka Hospital in Tokyo. Improve Our Sunday Morning Hour of Worship." He is a grandnephew of the late William Charles Braithwaite 7-Gwynedd Meeting Community Lecture, in the meeting house, and a great-grandson of Bevan Braithwaite. He and his wife Sumneytown Pike and Route 202, Gwynedd, Pa., 7:30p.m.: Clarence were in charge of the A.F.S.C. work camp in Japan mentioned E. Pickett, "Christianity, Non-Christian Religions, and Nationalism." 7-Lawrence Langer, television producer, in the William J. in the article. Cooper Foundation series on "Art and Mass Media," in the Swarth­ Woodbrooke College JANET WHITNEY more, Pa., Meeting House, 8:15 p.m. Public invited. Birmingham, England 7-Merion Friends Community Forum, in Merion, Pa., Friends School, 615 Montgomery Avenue, 8 p.m.: Moses Bailey, Professor of Old Testament and Semitic Languages, Hartford Theological Although investments are not much of a problem to me, I Seminary, "The Dead Sea Scrolls." appreciated the symposium in the Feb. 16 issue as an example 7-New York , 221 East 15th Street, of the ability of experienced Friends to give serious considera­ Open House in the cafeteria, 3:30 to 6:30 p.m. About 4:15, Joseph tion to a perplexing question. Ben-David, member of the Jewish-Arab Friendship League of Palestine, will speak. All invited. May I suggest that the depth and usefulness of the replies 9-Women's Problems Group, Race Street Meeting House, Phila­ appear to be largely determined by the religious understanding delphia, at 10:45 a.m.: Winifred Rawlins reading her poem, "Beauty of each individual contributor? It is depressing to me that the and the Beast." Friend who appears least concerned with this problem should 11-Wrightstown, Pa., First-day School, meeting for parents and teachers, "Teaching Quakerism": 9:45 a.m., registration; 10 a.m., have begun h er statement with a rather definite reversal of the morning session opens with worship; 11:30 and 12:15, lunch; 1 p.m., Christian position of being "in this world but not of it." round tables. For lunch, notify Mrs. Sol Jacobson, New Hope, Pa., "Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in before April 6. heaven is perfect." Surely it is on the grounds of our making 13-Quaker Workshop on Housing, Y.W.C.A., Summer Street, an honest effort in this direction, and only on these grounds, Stamford, Conn., under the auspices of A.F.S.C. New York office and sponsored by Stamford Friends Meeting; 2 p.m., discussion groups that we earn either the right or the ability to "enjoy what the led by Hurford Crosman, Rachell Hill, Morris Milgram, Gordon Lord has created"? Are we not otherwise merely "enjoying" Sweet and Roger Wilcox; 6 p.m., supper; 7:30 p.m., Anna Brinton, the little hells that we can all too easily create for ourselves? "Friends Approach to Housing and the Total Community." Open to all. Reservations for both registration ($1.00) and supper ($1.00): Alburtis, Pa. J. H . McCANDLESS Housing Workshop, 23 Bryon Road, Old Greenwich, Conn. 14-Central Philadelphia Meeting, Race Street west of 15th, Conference Class, 11:40 a.m.: Henry J. Cadbury, "The Parables Coming Events of Jesus." (Calendar events for the date of issue will not be included if they 14-Fair Hill Meeting House, Germantown Avenue and Cambria have been listed in a previous issue.) Street, Philadelphia, Adult Conference Class, 10 a.m.: Harold Chance, "The Things That Make for Peace." MARCH 14-Frankford Friends Meeting, Unity and Wain Streets, Phila­ 31-Central Philadelphia Meeting, Race Street west of 15th, delphia, Conference Class, at 10 a.m.: Lawrence McK. Miller, Jr., Conference Class, II :40 a.m.: Elizabeth Bridwell, Review of the executive secretary, Friends General Conference. class study of "Quakerism in Action Today." 17-Chester, Pa., Friends Forum, Meeting House, 24th and Chest­ 31-Frankford Friends Meeting, Unity and Wain Streets, Phila­ nut Streets, 8 p.m.: Paul Linvill, "Experiences in the Pacific"; cov­ delphia, Conference Class, at 10 a.m.: Karl Ashbridge Cheyney, ered dish supper prior to the meeting. All are invited. "The Vocal Ministry." 17-Quaker Business Problems Group, Y.M.C.A., 1431 Arch 31-Mickleton Friends Forum, Mickleton, N. J., Meeting House, Street, Philadelphia, supper meeting, 6 p.m. (luncheon meeting, 8 p.m.: Louis Schneider, "The Hungarian Situation." April 18, 12:15 p.m.). Topic, "How Can the Relationships of a 31-Young Friends Fellowship (college age and older), monthly Business Enterprise with the Larger Community and with Govern­ meeting at 1515 Cherry Street. Dinner at 5:30 p.m. Evening pro- ment Be Improved?" Leader, Thomas B. Harvey, president, Thomas • gram: Esther Holmes Jones, slides and address on the work of the B. Harvey Leather Co. March 30, 1957 FRIENDS JOURNAL 209

NEW JERSEY PIT'l'SBlJRGX-Wors hlp at 10:30 a .m., adult class, 11:411 a.m., 1358 Shady Avenue. REGULAR MEETINGS ATLANTIC CITY - Discussion group, 10:30 a.m., meeting for worship and First­ READI:NG--108 North Sixth Street. First­ ARIZONA day school, 11 a.m., Friends Meeting, day school at 10 a.m., meeting for wor­ South Carolina and Pacific Avenues. ship at 11 a.m. PKOE:NIX-Meetlng for worship, 10 a.m., STATE COLLEGE- 318 South Atherton 17th Street and Glendale Avenue. James DOVER - Randolph Meeting House, Street. First-day school at 9:30 a.m., Dewees, Clerk, 1928 West Mitchell. Quaker Church Road. First-day school, 11 a.m.; meeting for worship, 11:15 a.m. meeting for worship at 10:41l a.m. CALIFORNIA liiA:NASQlJA:N-First-day school, 10 a.m.; TENNESSEE CLAREliiO:NT-Frlends meeting, 9:30a.m. meeting for worship, 11:15 a.m. Route 85 on Scripps campus, lOth and Columbia. at Manasquan Circle. Walter Longs treet, liiEliiPXIS- Meeting for worship each Fer11er Nuhn, Clerk, 420 West 8th Street. Clerk. Sunday, 9:30 a.m., at Quintard House, 822 Washington. Correspondent, Esther Mc­ LA JOLLA-Meeting for worship, 11 a.m., liiO:NTCLAI:&-289 Park Street, First-day Candless, BRoadway 11-9656. Kline and Draper, Klrkhouse, Presbyterian school and worship, 11 a.m. (July-August, Church. VIsitors call GL 4-7459. 10 a.m.); 1.7 m fles west of Garden State Parkway Exit 151. Visitors welcome. TEXAS PASADE:NA - Orange Grove Monthly Meeting. Meeting for worship, East DALLAS--Worship, Sunday, 10:30 a.m., Orange Grove at Oakland Avenue, Firs t­ NEW YORK 7th Day Adventist Church, 4009 North Cen­ days at 11 a.m. Monthly meetings, 8 p.m., BlJPPALO - Meeting for worship and ~ ral Expressway. Clerk, Kenneth Carroll, t he second Fourth-day of each month. First-day school, 11 a.m. a t 1272 Delaware Department of Religion, S.M.U.; LA 8-9810. SAN P:RA:NCISCO-Meetlngs for worship, Avenue; telephone EL 02112. XOlJSTO:N-Friends Worship Group each First-days, 11 a.m., 1830 Sutter Street. Sunday, 11 a.m. at J ewish Community LO:NG ISLAND - Manhasset Meeting, Center, 2020 Herman Drive. Clerk. Walter Northern Boulevard at Shelter Rock Whitson; JAckson 8-6413. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Road. First-day school. 9 :411 a .m.; meet­ Ing for worship, 11 a.m. WASHINGTON-The Friends Meeting of W a shington, 2111 Florida Avenue, N. W., :NEW YORX-Meetlngs for worship each AVAILABLE one block from Connecticut Avenue, First­ Sunday, 11 a.m. T elephone GRamercy days at 9 a.m. and 11 a.m. 3-8018 for First-day school and meeting FOR RENT: ONE SIDE OF DUPLEX information. with private entrance. Six rooms and Manhattan-United Meeting for worship bath, two bedrooms on second floor; newly FLORIDA October-April: 221 East lllth Street redecorated. Centrally located in Haddon­ GAINESVILLE - Meeting for worship, May- September: 144 East 20th Str eet field, N. J. Telephone Haddonfield 9-2171. First-days, 11 a.m., 218 Florida Union. Brooklyn-110 Schermerhorn Street Flushing-137-16 Northern Boulevard JULY 1-AUGUST SO: Furnished 3-bed­ JACXSO:NVILLE- Meeting for worship Riverside Church, l llth F loor-Riverside room house, Concord Park, 18 miles from and First-day school, 11 a.m.. Y.W.C.A. Drive and 122d Street, 3:30 p.m. central Philadelphia; $100 month, includ­ Board Room. Telephone EVergreen 9-43411. SY:RAClJSE-Meetlng and First-day .school ing utilities. Steele, 2948 Sussex Avenue, liiiAMI-Meetlng for worship a t Y.W.C.A., at 11 a.m. each First-day. Huntington Trevose, Pa. Neighborhood House, 1112 Almond Street. 114 S.E. 4th St., 11 a.m.; First-day school, AMSTERDAM QUAKERCENTRUM, Raph­ 10 a.m. Miriam Toepel, Clerk: TU 8-6629. a elplein 2, Amsterdam-Zuid, kindly invites ORLA:NDO-WI:NTEB PABX-Worship, 11 OHIO guests for bed and breakfast in its reno­ a.m., Sunday, in the Meeting House at CINCINNATI- Meeting for worship, 11 vated house. Cost, 7 florins per person. Marks and B roadway Streets. a .m., 3601 VIctory Parkway. Telephone ST. PETEBSBlJBG--Frlends Meeting, 130 Edwin Moon, Clerk, at JE 1-4984. Nineteenth Avenue S. E. Meeting and WANTED First-day school at 11 a.m. CLEVELAli'D-Meetlng for worship and First-day school, 11 a.m., 10916 Magnolia PRACTICAL NURSE; HOUSEKEEPER. Drive. T elephone TU 4-2691l. Friends Boarding Home, 400 North Wal­ MASSACHUSETTS nut Street, West Chester, Pa. AliiXERST-Meetlng for worship, 10 a.m., PENNSYLJIANIA POSITION AS MOTHER'S HELPER this Old Chapel, Unlv. of Mass.; AL 3-5902. KA:a:RISBlJRG--Meetlng for worship and summer with Friends family. Westtown CAliiBBIDGE-Meetlng for worship each First-day school, 11 a.m .• Y.W.C.A .• Fourth senior. Write Ruth Passmore, Cochr an­ First-day at 9:30 a.m. and 11 a.m., 5 Long­ and Walnut Streets. ville, Pa. fellow Park (near Harvard Square). Tele­ LANCASTER--Meeting house, Tulane Ter­ phone TR 6-6883. race, 1 'h miles west of Lancaster, off U.S. POSITION AS MOTHER'S HELPER dur­ 30. Meeting and First-day school, 10 a.m. ing July and August. Fifteen-year-old girl WORCESTER- Pleasant Street Friends with Friendly background at home and Meeting, 901 Pleasant Street . Meeting for PHILADELPHIA-Meetings for worship school; good swimmer; experienced; refer­ worship each First-day, 11 a.m. Telephon e are held at 10:30 a.m. unless otherwise ences. Box Sl49, Friends Journal. PL 4-3887. noted. Byberry, one mile east of Roosevelt Boule­ JOB AS MOTHER'S HELPER. Resource­ vard at Southampton Road, 11 a.m. ful George School senior (Friend), used to MICHIGAN Central Philadelphia, Race Street west of large family, not afraid to work; drives. Fifteenth Street. Write Box No. 505, Yardley, Pa., or te le­ DETBOIT-Meetlng for worship, 11 a.m. Chestnut Hill, 100 East Merm a id Lane. phone HY 3-2956. each First-day In Highland Park Y.W.C.A. Coulter Street and Germantown Avenue. at Woodward and Winona. VIsitors tele­ Fair Hill, Germantown Avenue a nd Cam- TRAINED LIBRARIAN for position in phone TOwnsend 5-4036. bria S treet, 11:11) a.m. Haverford College Library, with oppor­ 4th & Arch Streets, First- & Fift h-days. t u nity for work in the Quaker Collection. MINNESOTA Frankford, Penn and Orthodox Streets. Apply Librarian, Haverford College, Hav­ Frankford, Unity and Wain Streets, 11 a.m. erford, Pa. llll:N:NEAPOLIS - Friends Meeting, 44th Green Street, 411 West School House Lane, Street and York Avenue South. First-day 11 a.m. APARTMENT, NEW YORK CITY or close: school, 10 a.m.; m eeting for worship, 11 For Information about First-day schools Small, furnished, kitchen, r efrigerator, pri­ a.m. Richard P. Newby, Minister, 4421 Ab­ telephone Friends Central Bureau, Ritten­ vate bath; lease, permanent; quiet. James bott Avenue South. Telephone WA 6-9675. house 6-3263. C. Shaw, P.O. Box 132, Stroudsburg, Pa.

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DISPLAY ADVEB'l'ISI:NG--15¢ per a~:"ate line or $2.10 per column Inch; 10% discount for 6-24 Insertions within six months; 15% discount for 25 or more Insertions within one year. REGlJLAB liii':EETI:NG :NO'l'ICES--15¢ per agate line; no discount for repeated insertions. CLASSIFIED ADVEBTISI:NG--7¢ per word, w ith a minimum charge of $1.00; no d iscount for repeated Insertions. A box num­ ber will be supplied If requested, and answers received a t the FRIENDS JOURNAL office will be forwarded without charge. Advertising copy may be changed without extra charge. FRIENDS JOURNAL 1515 Cherry Street, Philadelphia 2, Pa. • RIHenhouse 6-7669 210 FRIENDS JOURNAL March 30, 1957

Committee on Family Relations PARRISH & CO . STRAWBRIDGE Counseling Service for Friends MC'lllbers For appointments In Philadelphia telephone New York Stock Exchange & CLOTHIER John Charles Wynn, MAdison 8-8069, in the evening. INVESTMENT BROKERS For appointmento with Dr. Lovett Deweea write him at Glen Mills, Pa., or telephone 1421 Chestnut Street Valleybrook 24 7 4. . Philadelphia 2, Pa. For appointments with Dr. Genevra Driscoll Rittenhouse 6-5800 telephone WElsh Valley 4-7118. Write or telephone JOSEPH N. JANNEY Friends Boarding School Representative BARNESVILLE, OHIO Establimed 1837 MoRRIS L. KrRR, Principal FRIENDS' An accred! ted, coeducational, four­ year high school with the faculty and a majority of the s t udents CENTRAL SCHOOL Friends. College pre parator y cur­ OVERBROOK, PHILADELPHIA 31, PA. riculum with emphasis upon Indi­ Builders of Confidence vidual growth through service to others. Coeducational - College Preparatory Since 1868 Address f.nquirlu to Four-year kindergarten through B.obert E. Hinshaw, A ..iatant Principal 12th Grade A Friendly school which offers country day facilities ahd program with a col­ Oakwood seeks to clarify lege preparatory curriculum and the OAKWOOD advantages of nearby urban resources. the individual's relation to Coeducational Quaker MERRILL E. BusH. Headmaster society and to release the BOARDING SCHOOL powers within to fulfill this relation. THE WILLIAM PENN GRADES 9 TO 12 INCLUSIVE CHARTER SCHOOL For additional information write Founded: 1689 CHARLES W. HUTTON • • • • Principal Chartered by William Penn: 1701 BOYS AND GIRLS: KINDERGARTEN, GRADES OAKWOOD SCHOOL 1 AND 2. BOYS: GRADES 3-12 BOX 45 POUGHKEEPSIE, N. Y. Children of Friends are given preference. Financial a id is available for qualified ap· plicants whose families need it. Friends are particularly encouraged to apply. FRIENDS ACADEMY John F. Gummere, Headmaster Established 1877 SCHOOL LANE AND FOX STREET PHILADELPHIA 44, PA. A coeducational Quaker school in a beautiful residential com­ munity 25 miles from New York. A well-balanced academic program is designed to stimulate in the student a desire to EASTMAN DILLON, UNION live a creative Christian life in today's world. SECURITIES & CO. KINDERGARTEN THROUGH GRADE 12. Members New York Stock Exchange A reduction in tuition Is available to membert of The Society of Friends. Investments VICTOR M. HAUGHTON, JR., Headmaster WILLIAM EDWARD CADBURY Box B, Locust Valley, Long Island, N. Y. Repreu ntative 225 S. 15TH ST. PHILADELPHIA, PA.

A FRIENDS COEDUCATIONAL BOARDING SCHOOL MEMORIAL STONES GRADES Founded ... 9-12 GEOJRGE SCHOOL 1893 &RAVE MARKERS RICHARD H. McFEELY• Principal STYLES AND ENGRAVINGS IN GOOD TASTE Enrollment has been completed for autumn of the corning school year. Dtliuered and ut in anv ctmttery in the Philadtlphia metropolitan tmd auburban areal A limited waiting list is being established from which applicants for Write or telephone offic-MAjeotle 5-0220 the lower classes will be accepted as vacancies may occur. er TUrner 4-0691 for full Information ARTHUR S. ROBERTS • President Address inquiries to: ADELBERT MASON. Director of Admiuion• ARTHUR W. HUTTON • Treasurer Alli!iatod with HILLSIDE CEMETERY CO. Box 350, George School, Bucks County, Pennsylvania HUBERT R. TAYLOR, Treasurer March 30, 1957 FRIENDS JOURNAL 211

"Mr. Tolles' biography is, astonishingly, the first solid scholarly story of James Logan yet written." -PERRY MILLER, N. Y. Herald Tribune

JAMES LOGAN and the Culture ··~.--· · of Provincial The annual Lay Witness Number of The Upper Room (May-June) consists of daily devotions written entirely by laymen - business America men, workmen, farmers, nurses, housewives - everyday people from By all walks of life. Their expressions of Christian faith and experience spring from the FREDERICK B. TOLLES hearts and lives of these men and women of many denominations "The first substantial biogra­ and many lands. phy ever published of this Use this Lay Witness Number in your own personal and family curiously neglected figure. To devotions and distribute it to others who need its inspiration. distinguished scholarship Mr. Tolles adds the understanding Individual subscriptions, by mail, $1.00 per year, three years, of Quakerism which comes $2.00. Ten or more copies of one issue to one address, 7 cents from membership in the So· per copy. AIR MAIL edition for service m en and youth - same ciety of Friends and years of prices. work with its history." -ELIZABETH GRAY VINING, Saturday Review At all bookstore• $3.50 -~-~ JJfflm_ LITTLE, BROWN & COMPANY The world's most widely used devotional guide II!=: sosToN 6, MAss.-=~~su 1908 GRANO AVENUE NASHVILLE 5, TENNESSEE

The FRIENDS JOURNAL is regularly on sale In the magazine department of the John Wanamaker store in Philadelphia.

The Legal Intelligencer Established 1843 THE MARSHALL SQUARE SANITARIUM PRINTING WEST CHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA cA cprivate CJeospitaZ· catering especially to the aging, the nervous and those requiring prolonged 10 SOUTH 37TH STREET care for physical or neurological disabilities. Careful classification assured. PHILADELPHIA 4, PA. Special rates for permanent guests. EVERGREEN 6-1535 EVERETT SPERRY BARR, M.D. Direcwr THEODORE B. HETZEL ?oS COLLEGE AVE.

HAVERFORD,PA.

1896 1957 BACK LOG CAMP, Inc. Sabael, New York I DREAMED OF On Indian Lake in the Adirondacks A wilderness camp for families A HOME ••• and adults June 28 to September 3, 1957 ADDRESS MRS. HENRY J. CADBURY • set among towering oaks and graceful dogwood, with 774 Millbrook lone, Haverford, Pa. a stream winding through the surrounding parkland • simple, functional, yet with a mellow timeless beauty THE PENINGTON 215 EAST 15th STREET, NEW YORK CITY 3 Next door to the Meeting House • where democracy is a way of life and neighbors share A Friends Hostel in New York for Friends and friends of Friends. Comfortable rooms a community of interests and wholesome meals for permanent guests. Accommodations for transients limited. Ad­ vance reservations requested. Telephone GRamercy 5-9193 And then I awoke in FRIENDS ARCH STREET CENTRE 304 Arch Street, Philadelphia 6, Pa. GREENBELT KNOLL * A FRIENDLY HOSTEL Rooms with running water. Lunch served daily; also dinner parties and and the dream was a reality group parties arranged. Telephone MA 7-2025 * An integrated development of nineteen 3 to 5 bedroom contemporary homes designed by Montgomery & Bishop. Margaret Lancaster CAMP CELO Duncan, landscape architect. Color styling by Beatrice West Studios, Ages 6 to 10 Inc., New York. Furnished by George Mason, Inc. A farm-home camp in the Black Mountains of N ortb Carolina for 20 boys and girls. Full camp program of worship, work, and play under Quaker leadership. Only 4 homes available - $19,950 up Ernest Morgan, Yellow Spring, Ohio VISIT THE FURNISHED MODEL HOME FOR BOYS OPEN SATURDAYS AND SUNDAYS, NOON TO 9 P.M. D·ARROW CAMP Ages 11-16 A deep woods camp on Grand Lake in East­ ern Maine in the heart of canoe trip region. Wilderness Living" and Canoe Trips Trail blazing, junior guide training, CIT Holme Ave. 1 mile E. of Pennypack Circle, Philadelphia program, outpost camp building, small informal group with individual Phone: Stuart E. Wallace, Elmwood 7-4356 guidance, Quaker leadership. Write: JANE AND GEORGE DARROW Write: GEORGE E. OTTO and MORRIS MILGRAM, Builders, STONY CREEK, CONNECTICUT Camp facilities open in May, June, and Sep­ 5 Longford Street, Philadelphia 36, Pa. tember for fishermen and their families. Landlocked salmon and lake trout are In abundance. Reasonable rates. CAMP LEN-A-PE (Boys 4-16) 4f> INDIAN LODGE HOTEL ASK OUR OPINION Indian, cowboy, magician, naturalist, lakefront hotel, cabins. Riding, tennis, nurse, etc. Riding, tennis, aquaplaning, : swimming, aquaplaning , etc.., on Poco· OF YOUR SECURITIES swimming, dramatics, crafts, Meeting, ete. no's Fairview Lake near Camp Len-a-pe. IN THE POCONO$ 115 MILES FROM NEW YORK CITY AND PHILADELPHIA DAVID S. AND MARJORIE KEISER - Box 71B3F, Philadelphia 17, Pa.; MElrose 5-16B2 HECKER & CO. Employ 50 counselors, maintenance men, cooks, hostesses, nurse, etc. Why not apply? Membws of New York Stock E"cb11ng• LIBERTY TRUST BUILDING Broad and Arch Streets FARM and WILDERNESS CAMPS Philadelphia 7, Pa. Timberlake, boy• 9-14 • Indian Brook, girt. 9-14 LOcust 4-3500 Tamarack Farm, coeducational 14-16 500 acres on mountain lake, Plymouth, Vt. Friendly, informal. Extensive campcraft program, canoe and hiking trips, natural science. Construction, farm animals, work CHARLES J. ERICKSON projects, square dances. Quaker leadership, CIT program for boys and girls, 15-18. Registered Re[Jresenllllifle MR. AND MRS. KENNETH F. WEBB e WOODSTOCK, VERMONT

THill LIIGIAL INTIILLtGIIENCIIR~ 811