JSPS and its Program Officer System

Hideyuki YAMAGUCHI Research Center for Science Systems Society for the Promotion of Science September 18 , 2009

1 Ⅰ JSPS at a Glance

2 3 CIENCE S

” 会 興 (Oxford English Dictionary)(Oxford English 振 ROMOTION OF ROMOTION P eriment.” 術 p -driven researchers in universities and y 学

日本学術振興会

“ 本 )” may be defined as knowledge-generating endeavor 日 OCIETY FOR THE 学術 hobservationandex S g undertaken by curiosit y APAN APAN J other research institutes. “Gakujutsu ( freel “Science” is “thesystematic intellectual study of and structureworld practical and throu activity behaviour of encompassing the the physical and natural

Introduction of y y 4 , and comprehensivel ment of the econom p icine d ” me d an g ineerin g en g to the humanities in this law) in , to contribute to the develo ) y d dg g g d d ,

日本学術振興会 “ supports research based on researchersconducted unrestrained ideas, spectrum a wide covers offromand social sciences fields the humanities supports research, university takes bottom-up approach. bottom-up takes selects projects through peer review, and selects projects through peer review, to the natural sciences inclu to The objective of this law is to achieve a higher standard of science and technology hereinafter referred to as "S&T" ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ cf.) Science and Technology Basic Law Article 1 ( and society in Japan andcontribute to to the improvement the of progresshuman the society, of through welfare prescribing of S&T theS&T the basic in (excluding policy nation, those the requirements as relevant world for well onl and the as and systematically promotion to the promoting of policies sustainable for development the progress of of S&T. Introduction of JSPS: 5 s t s nti e ci s

g reform n

S y you initiatives

SP r J o f ps hi s w universit o g gy ll research

e arch f ese e o s ps o you g s e s s ompetitive research funding: Grants-in-Aid research funding: ompetitive R Joint programs with MEXT Joint C Collaborations with overseas partners with overseas Collaborations

or Functions ofor Functions Funding research initiatives next generation ofFostering scientists Promotin internationalAdvancing collaborations j jJ „ „ „ „

Ma 6

2008 in Physics ★ Nobel Prize

s NAKAHARA

Tsuneo NAKAHARA

anization: Executive g

SPS Or J Jg President: Motoyuki ONO Director: Naoki MURATA Executive: Director: KOBAYASHI Makoto Executive: Inspector Generals: Hirochika INOUE 7 ystems S Department ence Research Program Research i c SiS S Research Center for

t Directors President Executive Executive Department Administration

g in g gg Director Mana anization Char Generals g Inspector International Program Department

SPS Or J Jg 8

s JSPS Washington Office JSPS Washington JSPS San Francisco OfficeJSPS San Francisco JSPS JSPS Beijing Office Office

Bonn tation

S JSPS Bangkok OfficeJSPS Bangkok JSPS Bonn Office anization Chart: Office Overseas JSPS Stockholm Office g JSPS Nairobi Station Research airo Research C

S P SSCS S J SPS Or

J Jg JSPS London Office JSPS Strasbourg Office - in 9 - (FY) Indirect funding Grants Aid for Scientific Research Government subsidies Budget FY2009 (3.0) 300.0 Supplementary (2.4) 240.6 (2.2) 222.6 (2.1) 205.7 100JPY ≒ (2.0) 203.8

S 1 USD ※

SP (2.0) J 198.5 (1.9) 191.1 et of 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 g gJ 0.0 50.0 150.0 100.0 300.0 250.0 200.0 (Billion US Dollar) (Billion US

Bud Unit: Billion yen Ⅱ JSPS’s Programs: Fundi ng researc h in itia tives

10

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Fiscal 2009 s compet ( ’ support of

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ers 6% of(¥3,5 trillion) S&T budget total Japan’s 40% f h ’ i i f di ( v ‡ ‡ Competitive funding to support a high Co ers entire spectr m of academic fields inclBudget: ding the 5,500 researchersused in JSPS peer reviews 24,000 newly selected projects out of 100,000 applications 57,000 new and carry-over projects supported on the free ideas of researchers social sciences, and natural sciences humanities, Grants-in-Aid for (KAKENHI): Scientific Research „ „ „ „ „ „ “KAKENHI” 12

) c eted i id g g) as b oin tar n-a g s y yg i ’ ty i research research vers new + on rants- ii’bi i ( (gg)

KAKENHI research funds Projects using

( () G Curiosity-driven Curiosity-driven un 57,000 projects57,000 for FY2009 InstitutionallyInstitutionall targeted ics p projects

research endorsed to Openly recruited National projects projects on ministry- Mission-oriented

id for Scientific Research forid Scientific Research A - n i - s research Priority Research Competitively funded research Grant Scientist-initiated Position ofPosition researchframework Grants-in-Aid within government’s 13 (FY)

s Selected Newly applied

lications and Selection 24.6 23.7 24.8 24.0 23.5 24.3 22.7 pp 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Aid A - n i - 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 s 0 Fiscal Year Selection ratio (%) 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 Grant 120,000 100,000 Ⅲ JSPS’s Programs: PtiiitfPromoting university reform

14 15 on ti uca Ed y it vers Systematic Education Systematic in Graduate School i Program forEnhancing n UiU itEd ti Program forPromoting

m International

Refor University University

y Education Premier Enhancing

Research and Research the Quality ofthe Quality Research Center Initiative Research World Premier International

Universit g gy Program

COE

Global COE Program NEW Core Universities for Core Universities Internationalization30”) (“Global Project for Establishing Promotin 16 ) ) billion

¥7.1 billion 34.2 billion ( ¥ (

131

. Selections:

of

) functions Number of grants: 5 is estimated amount forFY2009. is estimated amount

() s. s.

m ld e Number of Selections: 131 fi the taking of by universities, autonomous initiatives ect bj administrative globalizing the research the institutes ofglobalizing Japanese

of education and researchin Japan’s highly creative young people who can go on young highly creative n su i Number of Number to FY2008. are total numbersSelections The budget in The budget

Since FY2007 h ※ Refor ( ective fields. ective handle

y p to

) researc f o l eve l assigned

e h is FY2007

evate t evate l director

Universit Since FY2007

( g gy s to e k program

Strengthen the global competitiveness ofcompetitiveness Strengthen the global the universities. time program director is assigned to handle administrative functions - Foster internationallyFoster researchersconversant by Committee set up on in a fairJSPS that screensbasis. and equitable and evaluates e programsee ⇒ hklhllfhibjfild h To enhance and strengthen the functions To graduate schools and, by so doing, fostergraduate schools and, by so doing, to become world leadersin their res universities and Japan’s overall research environment. overall and Japan’s universities ⇒ By introducing system By introducing reforms and measures to promote t Committee set up in JSPS that screens on a fair and evaluates basis. and equitable Full Global COE Program Premier InternationalWorld Center Research Initiative

Promotin „ „ 17 ) ) ¥7 billion eve ( s. i hi

¥5.7 billion ) as ( ty b i s e r can ac t bl a ve ta i th ni u uvesty FY2009

equ ese d n is estimated amount for FY2009. Since FY2009 r an o program i () t ( Japa ese a

f at ven

i s s g m i a

m r y it Numbers of Selections:192 og Number of Number to FY2008. are total numbersSelections The budget in The budget or r uates on a i l r p poga s ※

P l . a t r eva ational capacities, with an aim to fostering d Refor docto a opmen

l

y ) d n eve a ad d

l s a r’ t e at screens an i h aste s t soc t Number of programsto be selected in FY2009: around 80 JSPS

n in m n in Since FY2007 n i o ( Universit i o suppor t g gy on i educat o

g ttee set up in i ov ucat Dramatically enhance courseDramatically curriculum and, hence, graduate development r Organizational enhancements toward higher educational quality. improving toward enhancements Organizational p pov g omm uman resources remarkable outcomes. To encourage universities to improve their educ their encourageimprove to universities To httitldltPiitiitththi h ⇒ Committee set up in JSPS that screens on a fair and evaluates basis. and equitable Priority support is given to highly effective, systematic initiatives directed at initiatives Priority supportsystematic to highly effective, is given im dl fidiblbi CiC iJSPSh graduate schools. ⇒ education quality. Program for Promoting University Education Programfor Promoting University Support Program for Improving Graduate School Ed i

Promotin „ „ 18 ) lobal g ¥4.1 billion ) ( s t FY2009 en then the

d g u t Since FY2009 ( ) ” 30 )

m or overseas s or overseas f

t ram aims to stren g ro p Refor Global 30 “ y ronmen Number of12 Selections in FY2009: i (Global

ve env this new this pti 008, 2 y Universit ul J g gy e a rece id in d J y 008, p g g g rov PidP ptii tf tdt - Carry our strategic international collaborations exchange - - courses degrees that allow Establish to be earned in English Interlinked with the “300,000 International Students Action Plan” enacte ofcompetitiveness which function as high-quality centers universities, forand educating students from receiving overseas. JSPS supports efforts the following of universities: Japanese Project for Establishing Core Universities for Core Universities Projectfor Establishing Internationalization (

Promotin „ Ⅳ JSPS’s Programs: Fosteringgg next generation of scientists

19 20 s s 2006) t

en anese Researcher d p u

a ) (since

J St

g g ourse C

l Postdocs or raisin

g gg ora t ories for Youn g oc (Select from PD candidates) DtD lC Stdt Restart Postdocs (since 2006) postdoc researchers (For who have suspended their research for child bearin

Cate p pg gJp : SPD: Postdocs Superlative PD:DC Researchers Postdoctoral RPD: „ „ „ „

Fellowshi 21

11,022 886 , 6 6 886 4136

917 , 11 11 917

7,477 4,440

886 , 11 11 886

7,440 4,446 12,117 4,689 12,147 7,429 7,428 4,718

960 s , 1111 960 7,124 4,836

827 , 11 11 827 050 , , 7 4,777 lication

11,566 934 , pp 6 934 4,632 A

p ppp 11,131

6,697 l 4,434 ota PD DC T 10,328 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 6,486 3,842 0 4,000 6,000 8,000 2,000 12,000 10,000 Fellowshi 14,000 15.0% 25.0% 20.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 22 o 2,312 0% . 2008 2008 1,947 21 0% 365 2,101 2007 2007 1,630 17.6% 471 1,586 2006 1,186 13.3% 400 1,896 2005 2005 1,416 15.6% 480 1,583 2004 2004 1,048 13.0% 535

1,621 905 2003 2003 13.6% 716 1,274 umber of and Selection Rati Awards 763 2002 10.8% N 511 1,405 829 2001 2001 12.1% 576 1,608 2000 2000 1,087 14.4%

Awards: 521 p PD DC Total Rate 1,649 1999 1999 1,100 16.0% 549 0 500 1,500 1,000 2,500 2,000

Fellowshi 23 yen . yen . il mil m 5 5 . . 151 il 1

(yearly) to

Research grantResearch up to 1 5 mil yen yen yen up to 000 000 , , stipend 200 000 364 000 yen p years years

3 - 2years 2 2 PD 3 yearsyen 364,000 up to 1.5 mil. yen DC SPD 3 yearsyen 446,000 up to 3 mil. yen RPD Category Tenure Monthly erms of Fellowshi T 24 , Nagakura

Saburo

s President

ears old (March 3, 2008(March Academy) at the Japan y Academy -45

r

Scientist Japan g , At Ceremony for 4th JSPS Prize forCeremony Prize At 4th JSPS Akishino

researchers unde g Princess

and oun

y yg JSPS President Motoyuki Ono, and Prize recipientsPresidentJSPS Motoyuki Ono, and Prize Prince and Princess Akishino President Saburo Nagakura warded Founded in 2004 Founded Up to 25 researchers for outstanding accomplishments awarded Academy Medal from the Japan Academy Japan 5 researchers awarded A

SPS Prize for Youn SPS Prize ・ ・ ・ ・ J Jg Ⅴ JSPS’s Programs: Advancing international collaborations

25 26 &

Asia Oceania Africa Europe Russia NIS North America South America Total Total 2556 125 76 1233 5164 979 45 150 5242

d 4571 e g 3976 3478 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 1 10 100 1000 10000 &

Asia Oceania Africa Europe Russia North America Latin America Total NIS Total 5713

3286 1464 133 156 544 93 37 2007 5954

2006 4549

2005 4663

2004 4328

2003

umber of Researchers Exchan 10 100 1000 10000

N Japan>

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ram play g etitiveness ofetitiveness scientific can

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ectives ofectives International Pro j jg Respond to global advances in scientific research advances to global Respond Create a world-standard research environment ofcapable researchers amassing excellent from both and overseas Japan the internationalElevate com research conducted in Japan Foster young researchers who can play active roles Support researchers from developing countries and countries within the internationalscientific community contribute to fostering young researcherscontribute to fosteringin these young

Ob „ „ „ „ „ 28 Meeting

Lindau on i , s zat li ram ona Symposia i

g , nternat HORCs i , ty i vers i programs

or un f Fellowships, ITP, JENESYS ITP, Fellowships, Bilateral programs HORCs Symposia Lindau Meeting Asian Core Program, Asia-Africa Platform Program, HOPE Meetings InternationalFund forEstablishing Strategic HeadquartersUniversities in Core-to-Core Program ctivities ofctivities offices overseas upport Cooperation through counterpart institutions researchers, foreign Inviting researchersSending Japanese Creating world-class research hubs with Asian and African countries Collaborations Sfiiiilii S A

SPS’s InternationalSPS’s Pro J Jg „ „ „ „ „ „ 29

s Support 43 countries 84 agencies in l Overseas Agency ResearchersResearchers Counterpart Proposa art institution p ngs i

eet Scientific Seminars M

U

ff o h ta Scientist S MU M Exchanges nt and/or routine esearc i communications Rh h counter R o

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g nt i o J Ji Support JSPS l (1) Bilateral Cooperation (1) Bilateral Based on MoUs eration throu Japanese p pgp ResearchersResearchers Proposa

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p (Japan) (i N b ) *STAR UK ( (), (Japan) A , ) JSPS (Indonesia), (France), (France), JSPS ines EPSRC EPSRC

LIPI pp ), CNRS h counter (Korea), (Vietnam), (Vietnam), Phili g ( (pp) Russia (India), ( (), ngs- once a year ti VAST DOST KOSEF DST ee , , (Canada), ) RFBR M

sia s y y), (China), (China), (Thailand), Ital ( (y), Mala ( (y) (2) Heads of Councils Meetings Research eration throu HORC M ti - Free Discussion, exchange of Discussion, exchange Free views from a range of perspectives NRC, NSERC NSFC NSFC CNR NRCT p pgp VCC A ¾ on areas of common interest . 1. G8 HORCs Meetings-1. G8 HORCs (in May) once a year 2A 2 3. ASIA-HORCs Meetings- Started from 2007

Coo 31

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From Japan to Overseas Japan From 34

forei ◆ g for Research Abroad for Research than

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d 8 tarte S researchers Young Target: d fRecruitment (FY2009*) : 132 1982 Tenure: 2 years FY2008 ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾

anese researchers, Invitin p FY2007 FY200 a J

g gJ p Fellowshi Postdoctoral g g ) young young 1 Japanese Japanese () p ( researchers 306 302 304 FY2006 FY2007 *:FY2009 is estimated number. *:FY2009 is Sendin Number ofresearchers sent overseas - 32 ) EU Other Marie Curie Marie Actions s funding researchers

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(DFG) v. A Univ. i From Japan to Overseas to Japan From for D Company n launched in FY2007 launched in U ◆

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of forei opportunities g

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and using matching funds by overseas funding agencies are hi exchanges (from and to Japan)

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Joint researchprojects Joint Educational programs Internships - -Multi-funding under • • •

research

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overseas anese researchers, Invitin

p projects a y

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x g gJ p g g appl

strengthen University Japanese

20M x 10 projects (2) International Training Program (ITP) (2) International Training 10 persons (2 months -1 year) 5 years To strengthen overseas research and education opportunities for young researchers ¥ - Organizational support Researchers to Young • • •

Sendin 33

s

n researcher g From Overseas toJapan ◆

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anese researchers, Invitin p a J g gJ p g g (3) JENESYS - Researchers Program for East Asian Young Exchange

Sendin

34 for

Eminent Scientists s Award for ) Nobel Prize level Nobel Prize FY2008 erm 34 T) T ort- About 300 n researcher 14-60 days g (Sh FY2007 From Overseas toJapan ◆ fellowships

forei g ) 2,419 2,220 1,978 erm FY2006 T) T Invitation fellowships Number ofresearchers invited For in Japan Research Invitation fellowships Invitation ong- For in Japan Research About 80 2 -10 months (L Mid career Career Stages of Researchers 1 – 12 months About 150 Fellowships Fellowships Postdoctoral (Short-term) (4) Fellowship Programs to Japan (4) Fellowship 6 years after Ph.D.6 Professor anese researchers, Invitin Fellowships p 1 - years 2 About 500 a J Ph.D

(Standard) g gJ p g g Postdoctoral Fellowships Summer 2 months Program About 110

Sendin Ph.D. Courses Ph.D.

g 35 ge ) d A a year year a ( amon )

g y y( ) ng-e i USD

3 . 03USD 0 n cutt - i 1 . 01 0 on i h networkin g s Core Institution 000 Partner Agency , orat Cooperating Institutions Partner Countr b a $191 000 ll - co r l 700 , na i support

63 700 ona i em £ S Si S ( researchers throu Joint Research Mutual MutualMutual support on g Partner Country (B) nternat illi i oun y yg g g g m 30 illi ( class research hub - - 10 romote d per project x 2-5 years Piilllbiii P Foster and research institutions in the most Japan advanced other countries ¥ fields and create world-class research hubs an p ¾ ¾ ¾ a JSPS J Jp

worl g Core Institution JSPS Core-to-Core Program (since 2003) Cooperating Institutions FUNDING OBJECTIVE Creatin 36

s with

partnerships

building

rtingaim to trilateral researchan projects with for

eme is decided via consultation among the threeconsultation among the decided via eme is w generations of scientists talented young partnership

programs

in building research hubs and fostering young in building research hubs and fostering young equal

on

based counterpart countries started in 2005

collaborative

hubs

scale collaborative programs for building partnerships with - research Large

● s Asian r

e es h i c r Targeted countries: China, Korea countries: China, Targeted Grant projects: 2005: 22007: 1 2006: 2 2008: 2 Targeted countries: Asian countries Targeted 2007: 3 2006: 3 Granted projects: 2005: 6 2008: 5 Conducting world-class research, Conducting world-class fostering ne esea agenc establishing a top-level research hub in Asia. a top-level establishing Th JSPS, KOSEF and NSFC work as a consortiumJSPS, and NSFC work KOSEF in suppo Building Asian research hubs based on equal partnership Creating Hubs with Asian & African Countries Research rrhr r Japanese research institutions take the lead the research institutions take Japanese Targeted countries: countries ofTargeted Africa Asia and 2007: 5 2006: 5 projects:Grant 2005: 11 2008: 10 • • • A3 Foresight Program A3 Foresight • • • • Asia-Africa Science Platform Program • • • Asian CORE Program

Collaborations with Asian and African countrie Collaborations 37

8 an p Dr. Ryoji Noyori Ryoji Dr. es, a t s J

, ea r areas au l

d l e b o HOPE Meeting es an N i

st r 5 t y b

2008 in Tsukuba y y,Jp d The 1 The e c coun nd e ifi distinguished lecturers, and 81 doctoral students Februar Theme: Nanoscience/Nanotechnology (Nobel by Dr. Organized Laureate in 1973) Physics tnd5blr tAttnddb5Nbll Att 8 ac PifiP ti d • • • • a- i s A

14 n i guests, and about 100 doctoral students and about guests, ers (Chemistry ’02) h HOPE Meeting Medicine ‘87) (Physiology or HOPE Meeting Yuan T. Lee (Chemistry ’86) Susumu Tonegawa nd The 2 The young researc young d e t Leo Esaki en (Physics ’73) (Physics l a t Peter Agre er t (Chemistry ’03) (Physics ’08) (Physics os Makoto Kobayashi Makoto FtF tltd h i14Ai Invite PhD students from the regionInvite interact Laureatesto with Nobel and other leading scientists heme: Artheme: in Science • • September 2009 in Hakone, Japan September 2009 in Hakone, Subjected field: Chemistry and related and Biology fields including Physics (Nobel Laureatein Chemistry Noyori 2002) Ryoji by Dr. Organized special Nobel laureates,3 Attended by 7 T

Collaborations with Asian and African countrie Collaborations • • • • • A 38

s support

Support for Japan’s OD Support for Japan’s Japan International Japan Cooperation Agency (JICA) Financial support Ministry of Affairs Foreign Researchers Dispatching researchers Matching/ Coordination

Request Developing CountriesDeveloping JAPAN Dispatch of Researchers Science and Technology Institutes/Universities Government organization ofin charge ODA Research

Collaborations with Asian and African countrie Collaborations 39 MEXT n Universities

Select Universities Projects Evaluate Fund Universities

internationalizatio y

with each project funded at ¥10-40 million per projectwith each funded at Pilot Universities ( 20 university

the functions of their “international strategy headquarters” Headquarters in Universities for

Fund Support models

institution-wide international activities Strategic Fund for Establishing InternationalStrategic Fund for Establishing ) strategic ear

ort for universit strengthening

-MEXT Program launched in 2005 by -years Project duration: 5 y y) Advance Advance by pp y internationalization Develop strategic models for university (Analyze activities, Extract good practices) activities, (Analyze JSPS

Su -pilot universities advice to Provide - -good practice to other universities Disseminate i 40 India in cooperation with (28 October 2006) (30 July, 2007) First Assembly Finland Kenya (Eastern Africa) First meeting held in Japan Inauguration Ceremony Inauguration (5 June, 2009) ance, Egypt and Kenya s Sweden Korea (29 January 2007) General Assembly 2007 (19 July, 2008) First General Meeting First General desh , and Finnish fellows have recently established JSPS alumn JSPS recentlyestablished have and Finnish fellows desh , Bangladesh Inauguration Ceremony (21 March, 2009)Inauguration Germany (11-12 May 2007) (11-12 May US ished in the US, the UK, Sweden, Germany, Fr ished in the US, Germany, the UK, Sweden, (17 November 2007) General Assembly 12th Anniversary of the German JSPS-Club Egypt UK France (4 June 2004) (7 July 2006) First General Assembly Executive Meeting Inauguration Ceremony (10 April, 2008) SPS Fellow Alumni Association SPS Fellow JSPS alumni associations have been establ alumni associations have JSPS J Overseas Offices.JSPS In addition, former Indian, Korean,Bangla associations in their countries. Ⅵ JSPS’s Program Officer System

41 42

)

RCSS officers

( n i program stems orm as programs

y y() f

e in R

researchers ystem

S

expertise f

romotion policies and research trends Established in 2003 Established p art o frontline

PfSRfi P 116 as y Competitive Research Funding Research Competitive b

researcher

Staffed b 116 frontline researchers as program officers Provides advice to JSPS’s administration advice to JSPS’s Provides Oversees application screening and projectscreening assessment application Oversees and Surveys science- for JSPS programs Reflects researcher expertise in programs Ensures impartial screening and assessment functions • • • 9 9

Research Center forScience S Research 43

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