Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment GE Aviation, Hamble, Hampshire
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ARCHAEOLOGICAL DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT GE AVIATION HAMBLE HAMPSHIRE SEPTEMBER 2018 Local Planning Authority: Eastleigh Borough Council Site centred at: SU 47123 07342 Author: Peter Reeves BA (Jt Hons), MCIfA Approved by: Matthew Smith BSc MCIfA Report Status: FINAL Issue Date: September 2018 CgMs Ref: PR/24649 © CgMs Limited No part of this report is to be copied in any way without prior written consent. Every effort is made to provide detailed and accurate information, however, CgMs Limited cannot be held responsible for errors or inaccuracies within this report. © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment GE Aviation, Hamble, Hampshire CONTENTS Executive Summary 1.0 Introduction and Scope of Study 2.0 Planning Background and Development Plan Framework 3.0 Geology and Topography 4.0 Archaeological and Historical Background, including an Assessment of Significance 5.0 Site Conditions, the Proposed Development & Impact on Archaeological Assets 6.0 Summary and Conclusions Sources Consulted LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Fig. 1 Site Location Fig. 2 AHBR Plot Fig. 3 LiDAR Fig. 4 1570 Rudd Isle of Wight Fig. 5 1575 Saxton Southamptoniae Comitatus Fig. 6 1595 Norden Map of Hampshire Fig. 7 1695 Morden Colour Map of Hampshire Fig. 8 1724 Moll Map of Hampshire Fig. 9 1759 Taylor Map of Hampshire Fig. 10 1797 Ordnance Survey Drawing Fig. 11 1838 Hound and 1839 Hamble Tithe Maps Fig. 12 1867 Ordnance Survey Fig. 13 1897 Ordnance Survey Fig. 14 1909 Ordnance Survey Fig. 15 1933 Ordnance Survey Fig. 16 1964 Ordnance Survey Fig. 17 1972 Ordnance Survey Fig. 18 1999 Aerial Photograph (Google Earth Image) Fig. 19 2005 Aerial Photograph (Google Earth Image) Fig. 20 2017 Aerial Photograph (Google Earth Image) Fig. 21 Proposed Development CgMs Limited © 1 PR/24649 Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment GE Aviation, Hamble, Hampshire EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Land approximately 0.55 ha in extent, on the north-eastern part of the GE Aviation Campus, Hamble-le-Rice, Hampshire is being considered for residential development. There are no Scheduled Monuments or other designated or non-designated heritage assets on the site. Listed buildings and the adjacent Grade II Registered Park and Garden comprising the grounds of the former Royal Victoria Military Hospital are assessed and the potential development impacts considered in a separate Heritage Statement compiled in March 2017. Despite the presence nearby of a two Roman coin hoards, there is no evidence to suggest that settlement or structures dating to this period occur on the site. It is therefore considered to have a low potential for as yet to be discovered archaeological assets. Previous intense scrutiny of aerial photographs has not identified any features of archaeological interest within the site boundary. Accordingly, in the absence of any harm to designated or non-designated assets, there is no archaeological constraint to the granting of planning permission. However, the archaeological advisor to the local planning authority may take a precautionary approach and request further archaeological investigation on the site where no prior development has occurred to confirm the presence or absence of archaeological remains. Due to the low potential for the presence of previously unknown archaeological assets on the study site and the fact that if present they are likely to be of local intrinsic value only it is considered that further archaeological investigation on the site was required this requirement could be secured with an appropriately worded planning condition attached to planning consent (if granted). If further archaeological investigation is required, due to the sites previous development as a sports field with associated makeup and drainage infrastructure, geophysical survey is not recommended. CgMs Limited © 2 PR/24649 Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment GE Aviation, Hamble, Hampshire INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF STUDY 1.1 This archaeological desk-based assessment has been prepared by Peter Reeves of CgMs Heritage (part of the RPS Group Plc) on behalf of GE Aviation. 1.2 The subject of this assessment, also referred to as the study site, is part of the GE Aviation Campus, Hamble-le-Rice, Hampshire. The site is c. 0.55ha in extent and is bordered to the south by a variety of buildings comprising the GE Aviation Campus, to the west by Royal Victoria Country Park, to the north by a recreation ground and to the east by Hamble Lane. The site is centred on National Grid Reference SU 47123 07342 (Figure 1). 1.3 This report is specific to archaeological (below ground) heritage assets listed buildings and the adjacent Registered Park and Garden comprising the grounds of the former Royal Victoria Military Hospital are assessed and the potential development impacts considered in a separate Heritage Statement compiled in March 2017. 1.4 In accordance with government policy, National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF), this assessment draws together the available archaeological, historic, topographic and land-use information in order to clarify the archaeological potential of the site and the significance of any heritage assets on or near the site. 1.5 Additionally, in accordance with the ‘Standard and Guidance for Historic Environment Desk-Based Assessments’ (Chartered Institute for Archaeologists 2014), the assessment includes an examination of published and unpublished material and charts historic land-use through a map regression exercise. A site visit was undertaken in March 2017. 1.6 As a result, the assessment enables relevant parties to assess the significance of archaeological and heritage assets on and close to the site, assesses the potential for hitherto undiscovered archaeological assets and thus enable potential impacts on assets to be identified along with the need for design, civil engineering or archaeological solutions. 1.7 The Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment has been requested by the client following pre-application consultation with the archaeological advisor at Hampshire County Council. CgMs Limited © 3 PR/24649 Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment GE Aviation, Hamble, Hampshire 2.0 PLANNING BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN FRAMEWORK 2.1 National legislation regarding archaeology, including scheduled monuments, is contained in the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979, amended by the National Heritage Act 1983 and 2002, and updated in April 2014. 2.2 In March 2012, the government published the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF), which was later revised in July 2018. The NPPF is supported by the National Planning Practice Guidance (NPPG), which was published online 6th March 2014 and last updated 28 July 2017 (http://planning guidance.planningportal.gov.uk). 2.3 The NPPF and NPPG are additionally supported by three Good Practice Advice (GPA) documents published by Historic England: GPA 1: The Historic Environment in Local Plans; GPA 2: Managing Significance in Decision-Taking in the Historic Environment (both published March 2015). The second edition of GPA3: The Setting of Heritage Assets was published in December 2017. 2.4 Section 16 of the NPPF, entitled Conserving and Enhancing the Historic Environment provides guidance for planning authorities, property owners, developers and others on the conservation and investigation of heritage assets. Overall, the objectives of Section 16 of the NPPF can be summarised as seeking the: Delivery of sustainable development Understanding the wider social, cultural, economic and environmental benefits brought by the conservation of the historic environment Conservation of England's heritage assets in a manner appropriate to their significance, and Recognition of the contribution that heritage assets make to our understanding of the past. 2.4.1 Section 16 of the NPPF recognises that intelligently managed change may sometimes be necessary if heritage assets are to be maintained for the long term. Paragraph 189 states that planning decisions should be based on the significance of the heritage asset and that the level of detail supplied by an applicant should be proportionate to the importance of the asset and should be no more than sufficient to review the potential impact of the proposal upon the significance of that asset. 2.4.2 Heritage Assets are defined in Annex 2 of the NPPF as: a building, monument, site, place, area or landscape positively identified as having a degree of significance meriting CgMs Limited © 4 PR/24649 Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment GE Aviation, Hamble, Hampshire consideration in planning decisions. They include designated heritage assets (as defined in the NPPF) and assets identified by the local planning authority during the process of decision-making or through the plan-making process. 2.4.3 Annex 2 also defines Archaeological Interest as a heritage asset which holds or potentially could hold evidence of past human activity worthy of expert investigation at some point. Heritage assets with archaeological interest are the primary source of evidence about the substance and evolution of places, and of the people and cultures that made them. 2.4.4 A Designated Heritage Asset comprises a: World Heritage Site, Scheduled Monument, Listed Building, Protected Wreck Site, Registered Park and Garden, Registered Battlefield or Conservation Area. 2.4.5 Significance is defined as: The value of a heritage asset to this and future generations because of its heritage interest. This interest may be archaeological,