5 LVMF 5A.2 | : the General Wolfe statue - north east of the statue 3277_6061 3277_6065

Existing Proposed

Existing Proposed Cumulative

6.27 The view from northeast of the General Wolfe Statue in 6.30 The tip of the proposed Residential Tower will appear above 6.31 The tips of and the Ludgate House and Greenwich Park is designated in the LVMF SPG as a the foreground treeline on the left side of the view. In summer, Sampson House buildings may also appear through the Panorama from Assessment Point 5A.2 looking towards St it is unlikely to be noticed. Even in winter, due to its distance foreground foliage in winter, set to the right of the proposed Paul’s Cathedral. The viewpoint is also located within the and materiality, it is likely to be difficult to discern. If noticed, Residential Tower. Together they will act as high quality Greenwich Park Conservation Area. it will act as a subtle and elegant marker of the regeneration markers for the regeneration occurring at Blackfriars. However, occurring at Blackfriars and will visually relate to the taller, due to their distance and materiality they are also unlikely to 6.28 This is the central part of the Panorama which is dominated tapering glazed form of , further right in this view, be noticed, even in winter. by the park in the foreground and the Maritime Greenwich which marks . WHS. The towers of Canary Wharf are also dominant, on the Significance of impact: negligible to minor, beneficial far right of this frame. The broad expanse of the river bending Significance of impact: negligible to minor, beneficial westwards forms the middle ground with residential blocks fronting its northern edge and taller residential buildings rising beyond in Tower Hamlets and to the southwest in Deptford.

6.29 In the far distance, the City towers form a tight group, including the , , and . 20 appears set slightly apart from this group, to the left. St Paul’s Cathedral is just discernible above further left and, at the far edge of the distant panorama, the slender form of The Shard now rises just beyond the foreground trees.

44 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 Visual Impact Study December 2016 LVMF 5A.2 | Greenwich Park: the General Wolfe statue - north east of the statue 5 3277_6066

Cumulative

December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 45 6 LVMF 6A.1 | Blackheath: the Point - the orientation board 3277_4601 3277_4605

Existing Proposed

Existing 6.33 The distance of St Paul’s and its low profile on the horizon Significance of impact: minor, beneficial make it hard to discern in this view, especially at present due 6.32 The view from the Point at Blackheath is designated in the to the growth of foreground trees. More prominent are the Cumulative LVMF SPG as a London Panorama from Assessment Point profiles of the tops of the City towers – 122 Leadenhall Street, 6A.1 looking towards St Paul’s Cathedral. It gives the following Tower 42, 30 St Mary Axe and the Heron Tower, with 20 6.36 A tighter tall buildings group will emerge at Blackfriars with description: Fenchurch Street set slightly apart to their left. The Shard, now the completion of One Blackfriars and construction of the the tallest building in view, beside Guy’s Hospital tower, has Ludgate House and Sampson House development. It will be “The foreground is detached from the Viewing Location a much lighter character on the skyline than the City towers. positioned between the foreground SELCHP chimney and because of the dramatic drop from the Blackheath Point BT Tower and will be set much lower than the tapering form escarpment to the flat plane of rooftops below. The fore- 6.34 The viewpoint is located within the Blackheath Conservation of The Shard further to the right. Together, the consented ground and middle ground are visually merged and are Area. schemes will add to the variety of landmark forms in view and largely made of up late eighteenth century and early will help to make the skyline interesting and legible. nineteenth century houses and terraces [...] Proposed Significance of impact: minor, beneficial A number of tall buildings stand in isolation on the 6.35 The tops of the proposed towers would appear in front of the skyline. Tower Bridge is visible between St Paul’s and above 240 Blackfriars Road, with the Cathedral and the City cluster of tall buildings, including more distant (under scaffolding) to their imme- 30 St Mary Axe. The dome and western towers of the diate right and One Blackfriars (under construction) adjacent. Cathedral are visible, the former silhouetted against the The proposed towers will have elegant slender forms which sky, enabling clear recognition and appreciation of the will complement the foreground SELCHP chimney to their landmark. Few buildings are visible immediately behind close left and distant BT Tower to their right. They will add to the landmark, such that the rising line of hills to the north the variety of landmark forms in view and will help to make are the dominant backdrop feature” (Ref. 1-6, p.73). the skyline interesting and legible. The setting of St Paul’s Cathedral, set well to the right and partly obscured by a crane in this view, will not be harmed.

46 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 Visual Impact Study December 2016 LVMF 6A.1 | Blackheath: the Point - the orientation board 6 3277_4606

Cumulative

December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 47 7 LVMF 26A.1 | St. James’ Park Bridge 3277_4521 3277_4525

Existing Proposed

Existing the exception of the , which stands at 135 Proposed landscaped setting of Duck Island and the rest of the parkland metres or 443 feet, is made of steel, is visually permeable in view which would continue to dominate the fore and middle 6.37 The view from the footbridge across the lake in St James’s Park and is useful for orientation purposes” (Ref. 1-6, p.221). 6.42 Only the very tip of the Residential Tower at 18 Blackfriars Road ground. The composition and quality of the view and the signifi- is a designated Townscape View from Assessment Point 26A.1. would be seen and it would be of a light materiality and a consid- cance of the heritage assets within the view would not be harmed. The view is also located in the Royal Parks Conservation Area. 6.41 Visual Management Guidelines given for the background of the erable distance away (over 2km). It would be a small point of view are as follows: interest on the distant horizon and would not be of a scale, mass Significance of impact: minor, neutral 6.38 The photograph was taken in September 2016. or form that would visually dominate, overpower or compete “Development in the background of this view should be of with either of the two groups of built form in the view, which are Cumulative 6.39 Ahead is Duck Island, and beyond the dense planting that a scale, mass or form that does not dominate, overpower substantially larger and predominantly more solid in appear- surrounds the lake can be glimpsed the monumental buildings or compete with either of the existing two groups of built ance. In accordance with the LVMF SPG Visual Management 6.43 The tip of the Doon Street tower will appear to the right of of , the majority of which are Grade I listed. To the left form or the landscape elements between and either side Guidelines, it would not appear above the central part of Duck the South Bank Tower and at a similar height to the proposed is , with the roofs of Whitehall Court beyond. To of them. The way it is lit should not detract from night- Island. It would be set at the outer edge of Duck Island and with Residential Tower. One Blackfriars and the tallest Ludgate the right is the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, behind which time views. Any building proposals that will be visible in the right hand group of buildings and would be a minor element House and Sampson House tower (LH-B) would be concealed – on the South Bank of the River Thames – is the London Eye, the background should relate to one or the other of the of that group and would contribute to the variety of its built form. by the Doon Street tower. The development will an eye-catching feature within the composition. The tip of the existing groups and must be of exceptional design quality, Its interesting silhouette and predominantly glazed materials form a new backdrop to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office South Bank Tower is now visible above the centre of Duck Island. in particular with regard to their roofline, materials, shape would visually relate to the more modern elements of the group tower to the right. The wider urban setting of the park and the and silhouette. New buildings should appear as part of the and distinguish it from the Classical and stone form of the Foreign listed buildings in view will become more visible. However, the 6.40 The view is described in the LVMF SPG (Ref. 1-6) as follows: existing groups of buildings; buildings that appear above and Commonwealth Office, which would continue to dominate significant distance of the new buildings at Blackfriars and their the central part of Duck Island would damage the viewer’s that building group. Due to its distance, materiality and position light materiality will not diminish the visual prominence of the “It is essentially a picturesque view dominated by land- ability to see these groups of buildings in conjunction with in the view, the proposed Residential Tower would also read in foreground stone buildings and the dynamic arc of the London scape that defines the two distinct groups of buildings, the landscaped foreground and should be refused”(Ref. relation to the tip of the South Bank Tower, which appears above Eye, and their high quality will mean that they add positively each with different characteristics. The left-hand group 1-6, p.223). the central part of Duck Island, and the new group of tall buildings to the view. The two groups of buildings will remain visible and includes a skyline of spires and pinnacles, while the right emerging at Blackfriars. It will be of exceptional design quality the foreground landscape will continue to dominate the scene. hand group is one of more strongly geometric forms. The and, even at this considerable distance, its unique form and light buildings are consistent in their use of Portland stone, with visual character would be evident. It would not compete with the Significance of impact: minor, neutral.

48 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 Visual Impact Study December 2016 LVMF 26A.1 | St. James’ Park Bridge 7 3277_4526

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 49 7W LVMF 26A.1 | St. James’ Park Bridge | Winter 3277_4541 3277_4545

Existing Proposed

Existing scale, mass or form that would visually dominate, overpower significance of the heritage assets within the view would not or compete with either of the two groups of built form in the be harmed. 6.44 This view is from the same position as the previous View 7, view, which are substantially larger and predominantly more but taken in winter. The description provided for Existing View solid in appearance, and more visible in winter. In accord- Significance of impact: minor, neutral. 7 is the same except that the tree cover is thinner because ance with the LVMF SPG Visual Management Guidelines, of leaf loss. In addition, this photograph was taken in winter it would not appear above the central part of Duck Island. Cumulative 2015, and the trees have grown slightly since that time. These It would be set at the outer edge of Duck Island and with combined factors mean that the tip of The Shard is visible the right hand group of buildings and would be a minor 6.46 As for view 7, the tip of the Doon Street tower will appear to the right of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office tower, element of that group and would contribute to the variety to the right of the South Bank Tower and at a similar height just within the arc of the Eye, whereas it is not visible in the of its built form. Its interesting silhouette and predominantly to the proposed Residential Tower. One Blackfriars and the previous summer View 7. In winter, more of the Foreign and glazed materials would visually relate to the more modern tallest Ludgate House and Sampson House tower (LH-B) Commonwealth Office is visible and the separate mounded elements of the group – The London Eye and The Shard – would be concealed by the Doon Street tower. The Shell form of Duck Island is clearer. As in summer, the tip of the and distinguish it from the Classical and stone form of the Centre development will form a new backdrop to the Foreign South Bank Tower is visible above Duck Island and, in this Foreign and Commonwealth Office, which would continue and Commonwealth Office tower to the right. The wider winter 2015 image, is seen under construction, with a crane to dominate that building group. Due to its distance, materi- urban setting of the park and the listed buildings in view will overhead. ality and position in the view, the proposed Residential Tower become more visible. However, the significant distance of the would also read in relation to the tip of the South Bank Tower, new buildings at Blackfriars and their light materiality will not Proposed which appears above the central part of Duck Island, and the diminish the visual prominence of the foreground stone build- new group of tall buildings emerging at Blackfriars. It will be ings and the dynamic arc of the London Eye, and their high 6.45 The tip of the proposed Residential Tower would appear in of exceptional design quality and, even at this considerable quality will mean that they add positively to the view. The the same position as View 7 but would be slightly more visible distance, its unique form and light visual character would be two groups of buildings will remain visible and the foreground due to the thinner leaf cover in winter. This would be the same evident. It would not compete with the landscaped setting of landscape will continue to dominate the scene. for all of the buildings in view. The likely effects will be the Duck Island and the rest of the parkland in view which would same as in View 7. It would be of a light materiality and a continue to dominate the fore and middle ground, even Significance of impact: minor, neutral. considerable distance away (over 2km). It would not be of a in winter. The composition and quality of the view and the

50 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 Visual Impact Study December 2016 LVMF 26A.1 | St. James’ Park Bridge | Winter 7W 3277_4546

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 51 7N LVMF26A.1 | St. James’ Park Bridge | Dusk 3277_4531 3277_4535

Existing Proposed

Existing Proposed Cumulative

6.47 The general description provided for View 7 remains valid, 6.48 As by day, only the tip of the proposed Residential Tower will 6.49 As by day, the tip of the Doon Street tower will appear to the except that the composition changes as twilight sets in be seen. At night, the built form and foliage around it merge right of the South Bank Tower and at a similar height to the and floodlighting picks out specific buildings and landscape in darkness. It will have soft internal lighting, like the South proposed Residential Tower. One Blackfriars and the tallest elements, washing surfaces with light. As stated in the LVMF Bank Tower, and an aircraft warning light. It will add a point Ludgate House and Sampson House tower (LH-B) would SPG, “the views are equally well enjoyed in daylight and when of interest to the night scene whilst the eye will still be drawn be concealed by the Doon Street tower. The Shell Centre artificially illuminated at night” (Ref. 1-6, p.222). The fountain to the solid areas of illumination, around the London Eye and development will form a new backdrop to the Foreign and in front of Horse Guards is brightly lit and strongly reflected in on the tip of The Shard, further to the right. The dappled light Commonwealth Office Tower to the right. The wider urban the lake. The arc of the London Eye is also clearly illuminated, of the Residential Tower will also contrast to the flood lighting setting of the park will become more visible by night as it will with the bright tip of The Shard below. Duck Island is largely which picks out Horse Guards to the left. It will not detract by day, however the existing composition of the night view is in darkness except for the upper tip and aircraft warning light from the balance and quality of the view at night. quite different to the same view by day. At night, the Foreign of the South Bank Tower. The foreground planting on either and Commonwealth Office and Whitehall Court have less side of the lake is mainly in darkness. The Visual Management Significance of impact: minor, neutral prominence and their forms and the separate building groups Guidance in the LVMF SPG requires that “the way [the are less evident. The new distant buildings will add points of proposed development] is lit should not detract from night- interest to the view, but the viewer’s gaze will still be drawn to time views” (Ref. 1-6, p.223). the modern and historic structures which are picked out by flood lighting. The balance and quality of the view at night will be maintained.

Significance of impact: minor, neutral

52 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 Visual Impact Study December 2016 LVMF26A.1 | St. James’ Park Bridge | Dusk 7N 3277_4536

Cumulative

December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 53 8 St. James’ Park Bridge: south 3277_5461 3277_5465

Existing Proposed

Existing set at the outer edge of Duck Island and with the right hand Cumulative view group of buildings and would be a minor element of that 6.50 This view is from a position slightly south of View 7. It has group and would contribute to the variety of its built form. 6.52 As for view 7, the tip of the Doon Street tower will appear been selected with Views 9 and 10 to demonstrate the kinetic Its interesting silhouette and predominantly glazed materials to the right of the South Bank Tower and at a similar height experience of traversing the footbridge, walking from south to would visually relate to the more modern elements of the to the proposed Residential Tower. One Blackfriars and the north. This southerly view is very similar to View 7, described group and distinguish it from the Classical and stone form of tallest Ludgate House and Sampson House tower (LH-B) above. The London Eye rises prominently above the Foreign the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, which would continue would be concealed by the Doon Street tower. The Shell and Commonwealth Office Tower on the right of Duck Island to dominate that building group. Due to its distance, materi- Centre development will form a new backdrop to the Foreign and Horse Guards and Whitehall Court are visible to the left ality and position in the view, the proposed Residential Tower and Commonwealth Office tower to the right. The wider of Duck Island. The tip of the Shard is just discernible with the would also read in relation to the tip of the South Bank Tower, urban setting of the park and the listed buildings in view will arc of the Eye and tip of the South Bank Tower can be seen which appears above the central part of Duck Island, and the become more visible. However, the significant distance of the beyond the centre of Duck Island. The photograph was taken new group of tall buildings emerging at Blackfriars. It will be new buildings at Blackfriars and their light materiality will not in early autumn, in September 2016. of exceptional design quality and, even at this considerable diminish the visual prominence of the foreground stone build- distance, its unique form and light visual character would be ings and the dynamic arc of the London Eye, and their high Proposed view evident. It would not compete with the landscaped setting quality will mean that they add positively to the view. The of Duck Island and the rest of the parkland in view which two groups of buildings will remain visible and the foreground 6.51 As for view 7, only the very tip of the Residential Tower at would continue to dominate the fore and middle ground. The landscape will continue to dominate the scene. 18 Blackfriars Road would be seen and it would be of a light composition and quality of the view and the significance of materiality and a considerable distance away (over 2km). the heritage assets within the view would not be harmed. Significance of impact: minor, neutral It would be a small point of interest on the distant horizon and would not be of a scale, mass or form that would visually Significance of impact: minor, neutral dominate, overpower or compete with either of the two groups of built form in the view, which are substantially larger and predominantly more solid in appearance. It would not appear above the central part of Duck Island. It would be

54 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 Visual Impact Study December 2016 St. James’ Park Bridge: south 8 3277_5466

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 55 9 St. James’ Park bridge: middle 3277_5451 3277_5455

Existing Proposed

Existing Proposed view Cumulative view

6.53 This view is very similar to Views 7 and 8, described above. At 6.54 At this mid-point on the bridge, the tip of the Residential 6.55 As for views 7 and 8, the tip of Doon Street will appear to this middle point on the bridge, the Shell Centre tower can Tower would appear beyond Duck Island and would be less the left of the proposed Residential Tower and at about the be seen emerging from behind the tower of the Foreign and visible than from the southerly position due to the mounded same height. One Blackfriars and the tallest Ludgate House Commonwealth Office and the tip of the South Bank Tower form of Duck Island. It would be a small point of interest on and Sampson House tower (LH-B) would be concealed by the is concealed by foliage on Duck Island. The photograph was the distant horizon and would not be of a scale, mass or form Doon Street tower. The Shell Centre development will form taken in early autumn, in September 2016. that would visually dominate, overpower or compete with a new backdrop to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office either of the two groups of built form in the view, which are tower to the right. The wider urban setting of the park and substantially larger and predominantly more solid in appear- the listed buildings in view will become more visible. However, ance. It will be of exceptional design quality and, even at the significant distance of the new buildings at Blackfriars and this considerable distance, its unique form and light visual their light materiality will not diminish the visual prominence character would be evident. The parkland would continue to of the foreground stone buildings and the dynamic arc of dominate the fore and middle ground. The composition and the London Eye, and their high quality will mean that they quality of the view and the significance of the heritage assets add positively to the view. The two groups of buildings will within the view would not be harmed. remain visible and the foreground landscape will continue to dominate the scene. Significance of impact: minor, neutral Significance of impact: minor, neutral

56 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 Visual Impact Study December 2016 St. James’ Park bridge: middle 9 3277_5456

Cumulative

December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 57 10 St. James’ Park Bridge: north 3277_5421 3277_5425

Existing Proposed

Existing Proposed view Cumulative view

6.56 At this northerly point on the Blue Bridge, Horse Guards 6.57 No effect. The proposed Development will not be visible. 6.58 The consented Shell Centre development will appear with and Whitehall Court are concealed from view by foreground the existing Shell Centre Tower, to the left of the Foreign and foliage on the left and Duck Island cannot be discerned. The Significance of impact: no effect Commonwealth Office tower. It will appear as part of the tower of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office is central to existing wider setting of the Foreign and Commonwealth the London Eye, with the top of the Shell Centre Tower clearly Office and the London Eye and will not harm the composition visible to its left. The photograph was taken in early autumn, of the view. in September 2016. Significance of impact: minor, neutral

58 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 Visual Impact Study December 2016 St. James’ Park Bridge: north 10 3277_5426

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 59 11 One Tree Hill 3277_7901 3277_7905

Existing Proposed

Existing Proposed view Cumulative view

6.59 The View from One Tree Hill is designated in LB Southwark 6.60 The proposed towers will appear well to the left of the 6.61 The emerging tall buildings cluster at Blackfriars will bring Policy DM17. It is a high point in the borough which affords panorama, where the tree line rises to obscure much of the a distinctive new point of interest to the panorama and good views, primarily northwards to the City. The foreground middle ground. They will appear slightly overlapping and the slender and stepped forms of the proposed towers will foliage frames the view, dipping slightly to include develop- stepped in heights, accentuating their separate and slender contribute positively to the slightly rounded and layered ment in the middle ground on the right. The eye is drawn forms and creating a clear group with the existing South Bank form of that grouping. On the far left of the frame, the beyond it to the loose cluster form created by the tallest City Tower. Together, these high quality tall buildings will landmark emerging tall buildings cluster at Elephant and Castle will towers, from left to right: , Tower 42, 122 Blackfriars and the regeneration of that part of the South be discernible in part through the foreground foliage. These Leadenhall Street and the combined forms of Heron Tower Bank, and will add positively to this London panorama. two groups of buildings will balance the taller City Cluster and 30 St Mary Axe. In the centre of the view, the tapering towards the right of the frame and will add to the interest form of The Shard is clearly the tallest building in view, with Significance of impact: minor, beneficial and legibility of the skyline. Guy’s Hospital tower set to its immediate left. Much of the view further left is partly hidden by the foreground foliage. Significance of impact: minor, beneficial Only the South Bank Tower punctuates the horizon above it. A crane to its right marks the site of One Blackfriars, now under construction.

60 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 Visual Impact Study December 2016 One Tree Hill 11 3277_7906

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 61 12 LVMF 10A.1 | Tower Bridge: the north bastion - close to the information centre 3277_6091 3277_6095

Existing Proposed

Existing its left, One Blackfriars is under construction and the tip of the the far right of the panorama included overleaf) will not be South Bank Tower is visible above the River frontage. Centre harmed. 6.62 Since the 1890s, the Grade I listed Tower Bridge (Sir John Point is seen against the skyline in the centre and presently Wolfe Barry, eng., and Sir Horace Jones, architect 1886-1894) under scaffolding. To its right, the twin brick towers of Cannon Significance of impact: minor, beneficial has bridged a major traffic artery north-to-south, passing Street Station are set on the North Bank of the River, and on immediately to the east of the on the North the far right of the frame, the tip of the dome and lantern of Cumulative Bank. It provides an excellent vantage point for views up and St Paul’s Cathedral. down the river, towards City Hall on the South Bank and the 6.67 To the right of the South Bank Tower, the southern bow of Tower of London to the north. 6.65 A full panorama version of the view is provided on the One Blackfriars will contrast with the slender rectilinearity of following pages. the tallest building on the Ludgate House site (LH-B), as will its 6.63 Views from Tower Bridge are described in the Tower of smooth glass curves with the masonry textures of LH-B. The London WHS Management Plan (2016) as forming part of Proposed proposed Residential Tower will have a rectilinear and slender an important “outstanding serial view of the Tower in relation silhouette like LH-B, but will be distinctively articulated by its to the modern ”, moving from Queen’s Walk 6.66 The tops of the two proposed towers would be visible. They recesses and angled surfaces, and it will rise slightly higher and continuing over Tower Bridge on the west pavement will be positioned tightly together and their stepped heights than LH-B and One Blackfriars to give the emerging cluster (paragraph 2.4.18, Ref 1-25). This view is the left hand of and different forms and materials will ensure that they read as of tall buildings at Blackfriars a gently rounded form on the three photographs that provide the full panorama of the separate, complementary elements on the skyline. The slender skyline. Together, these tower tops will mark the transforma- River Prospect from Assessment Point 10A.1 in the LVMF SPG tip of the Residential Tower will also be seen in relation to the tion of Blackfriars and provide new high quality points of (Ref. 1-6). tip of the South Bank Tower and the chimney, interest on the skyline. marking the route of the River bend beyond. They will all be 6.64 The most prominent structures in view are City Hall, framing interesting vertical counterpoints to the broader forms which Significance of impact: minor, beneficial the view to the left and The Shard, which dominates the centre front the River in the middle ground. The composition of the of the view. This section of the Panorama includes the perma- view would be maintained and the River Prospect enhanced. nently moored HMS , concealing the southern end of The setting of the Tower of London World Heritage Site (on London Bridge beyond, and the chimney of Tate Modern. To

62 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 Visual Impact Study December 2016 LVMF 10A.1 | Tower Bridge: the north bastion - close to the information centre 12 3277_6096

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 63 12P LVMF 10A.1 | Tower Bridge Panorama | Panorama 3277_6631 3277_6635

Existing Proposed

64 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 Visual Impact Study December 2016 LVMF 10A.1 | Tower Bridge Panorama | Panorama 12P 3277_6636

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 65 13 Tower of London - walkway of the Inner Curtain Wall 3277_3301 3277_3305

Existing Proposed

Existing Proposed view Cumulative view

6.68 This viewpoint is from the walkway of the Inner Curtain Wall 6.69 In winter, the tops of the proposed towers will be seen through 6.70 The tips of One Blackfriars and the tallest parts of the Ludgate in the Tower of London. The viewpoint is not designated but the Embankment tree branches in the far distance, beyond House and Sampson House scheme will also be glimpsed is one of a number of views tested within the Tower of London the Traitor’s Gate. There is thicker tree cover immediately through the Embankment tree branches in the winter. They WHS to understand the extent of potential visibility of the beyond the castellated parapet of the Gate and the tower tips will also be read as part of the existing urban setting of the proposed Development from within the WHS. The Outer would be seen beyond that, filtered by the outer branches. WHS and would not diminish the viewer’s appreciation of the Wall of the Tower of London dominates the foreground, with Due to their distance and materiality, they will be perceived foreground WHS structures. the River and HMS Belfast beyond. The Middle Drawbridge as background objects and part of the Riverfront character and castellated wall is at centre and the Traitor’s Gate and emerging opposite the WHS and plainly visible on the left of Significance of impact: minor, neutral Embankment tree tops are on the right of the view. The new this view. The proposed tower tops will be seen as part of the buildings on the opposite River bank, to the south, draw existing urban setting of the historic WHS buildings and the the eye: the distinctively rounded GLA building is on the far viewer’s recognition and appreciation of the foreground WHS left, with the More London development adjacent and the structures would not be diminished. tapering form of the Shard in the centre, which is significantly taller than all other buildings in view. Significance of impact: minor, neutral

66 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 Visual Impact Study December 2016 Tower of London - walkway of the Inner Curtain Wall 13 3277_3306

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 67 14 Tower of London - between Byward Tower and Middle Tower 3277_3401 3277_3405

Existing Proposed

Existing Proposed view Cumulative view

6.71 This viewpoint is situated between the Middle tower and 6.72 The tops of the proposed towers will be seen beyond the Tudor 6.73 The tops of consented schemes further south of the proposed Byward Tower, just outside the Outer Wall of the Tower of style building adjacent to the Grade II Listed former Pump Development may be perceived in the far distance but, due to London at the main southwest entrance. The Grade II Listed House, near the main southwesterly entrance of the Tower of their lower height and distance, they are likely to merge with former Pump House (now shop) is on the far right of the London WHS. They will appear to be of a similar height to the the existing River frontage in the foreground. frame. Adjacent is a Tudor style building with a tall chimney. broader glazed buildings fronting the River and dominating The Tower of London is behind this viewpoint and the view is the left of the view but will have more slender forms and will Significance of impact: minor, neutral directed outwards to the South Bank. The More London devel- be more visibly distant elements in view. They will be read as opment is on the left of the frame and The Shard rises promi- part of the Riverfront character emerging opposite the WHS nently at centre, with Guy’s Hospital Tower adjacent. and its existing wider urban setting. The viewer’s recognition and appreciation of the WHS complex and the Listed Pump House would not be diminished.

Significance of impact: minor, neutral

68 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 Visual Impact Study December 2016 Tower of London - between Byward Tower and Middle Tower 14 3277_3406

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 69 15 Monument Viewing Gallery 3277_4511 3277_4515

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Existing Proposed Cumulative

6.74 Views to and from the Monument are protected by City of 6.75 The Residential Tower will appear immediately beyond the 6.76 LH-B on the Ludgate House site will mostly conceal the South London Core Strategy Policy CS13. A Protected Views SPD Tate Modern chimney. Its glazed surfaces will be gently Bank Tower, with the mid-rise buildings of that consented (City of London, January 2012: Ref.1-26) identifies five angled and separated with recesses to bring interest to its scheme adding depth and layers to the emerging Blackfriars Views Policy Areas (Figure 7, p.17) including View 4 ‘West to form. It will act as a light foil to the opaque brick mass of cluster, which rises up from the south towards the Riverfront. and ’ (p.19). The SPD the Tate chimney and will complement its slender propor- Together these tall buildings will mark the line of Blackfriars identifies landmarks beside the river and the river itself as the tions. The Residential Tower will appear as a tight pair with Road as it runs north-south into Southwark as a continuation main feature of this longer distance view. It states that “the the proposed Office Tower, immediately adjacent and lower of (otherwise concealed by the rooftops view of this upstream stretch of river is particularly important in height, gesturing down to the Neo Bankside towers and of foreground buildings). Together they step forward to because it is the furthest view of the Thames and therefore Tate Extension to the south. The new towers will be read in meet the River, which can just be glimpsed adjacent to the contributes to the continuity of the whole panorama from relation to the newly reclad and extended South Bank Tower verdant Victoria Embankment to the north, accenting its the Monument. However, it is also particularly vulnerable (obscured by cranes in this photograph). Together they will northern course as it meanders through central London. One to interference caused by changes to buildings in the fore- mark the transformation of the Blackfriars area with high Blackfriars will be mostly concealed by LH-B, but its curved ground, for example, the canopy of the quality new forms on the skyline. northern edge and smooth glass surface will contrast with redevelopment” (para. 4.11, p.18). In fact very little of the the textured masonry and rectilinear character of the LH-B River is visible beyond the tops of the commercial buildings Significance of impact: moderate, beneficial so that they will be identifiable as distinct objects. The Doon in the foreground. The Tate Modern chimney and (behind the Street Tower will be mostly concealed by SH-B. In conjunction cranes) South Bank Tower mark the South Bank in the central with these consented schemes, the proposed towers will add distance. Further left, the tops of Neo Bankside, the Tate considerable visual quality to the view, lifting the eye above Extension, 240 Blackfriars Road and the London Eye form a the ramshackle character of the foreground rooftops and will dense group. The top of the is also discern- enhance this view from The Monument. ible further along the River. On the far right of the frame is St Paul’s Cathedral, with the BT Tower and Centre Point punctu- Significance of impact: major, beneficial ating the horizon to the left.

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 71 16 LVMF 12A.2 | Upstream: at the City of London bank 3277_1751 3277_1755

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Existing cylindrical yellow Bankside Lofts on its right and, further west Neo Bankside towers beyond the Tate Modern towards One will remain a singular figure much closer to the viewpoint and along the riverfront, the bulky prows of Sampson House and Blackfriars (part constructed in this photograph) and the addressing the Riverfront further east from Blackfriars: its visi- 6.77 Southwark Bridge was originally built between 1814-1819 by Ludgate House with the South Bank Tower rising above. To South Bank Tower, and the group of taller buildings emerging bility, character and landmark status will not be diminished John Rennie the Elder and was purchased by the Corporation the left of the Tate Modern, a small group of buildings are at Blackfriars. There will be a striking balance of linear forms in and its setting will be enhanced by a more richly layered tall of London in 1868. The original cast iron structure was rebuilt clustered at the riverfront, including the Globe Theatre and view, with the vertical character of the Tate Modern chimney buildings cluster at Blackfriars. in steel between 1912 and 1921 to a design by Mott & Hay as the Grade II listed 17th-18th century houses at 49 Cardinal’s reflected in the new towers and the strong horizontal masses engineers and Sir Ernest George as architect. King George V Wharf and 51 and 52 Bankside. The Millennium Bridge and of the Tate ‘light beam’ and Blackfriars Bridge at their base. Significance of impact: major, beneficial reopened it in 1921. It has 5 spans that are designed so that rail bridge at Blackfriars dominate the right section of the This broad River Prospect will be enhanced considerably. the piers line up with those of Blackfriars and London Bridges view. Above the horizontal line of the bridges are the predomi- to ease the passage of river traffic. It is listed Grade II. nantly low-lying distant buildings of Westminster. Significance of impact: major, beneficial

6.78 This view upstream from the north end of the bridge is desig- Proposed Cumulative nated as a River Prospect in the LVMF SPG (Ref.1-6) from Assessment Point 12A.2. The Description notes “the wide 6.80 The proposed towers will appear as a tight pair just beyond 6.81 Thetallest Sampson House and Ludgate House Tower (LH-B) expanse of the Thames in the foreground” and the “strong and to the right of the Tate Modern. Their predominantly and One Blackfriars will appear together, with a sentinel horizontality in the existing built environment and river- glazed materiality will ensure that they read separately from character marking the north end of Blackfriars Road. The scape” of the fore and middle ground (Ref.1-6, p.113). Visual the opaque brick Tate chimney, which will remain the visually proposed Residential Tower will appear slightly lower than Management Guidance (Ref. 1-6, pp.114-5) primarily relates dominant form in view. The articulation of the two proposed those buildings and, with the Office Tower, will step down, to the preservation of the viewer’s ability to recognise and towers will also be evidently different even at this distance: the towards the Neo Bankside buildings, the Tate Extension and appreciate St Paul’s Cathedral, as seen from the centre of the angled planes and recesses of the Residential Tower will have the Blue Fin building. The stepped composition of the lower bridge, but which is out of this frame to the right. a delicately balanced character, whilst the slender compo- Sampson House and Ludgate House buildings will add depth nents of the Office Tower will be expressly vertical, responding and interest to the overall cluster form. Overall, there will be 6.79 On the south bank, the massive body and chimney of the Tate to the bold simplicity of the former Power Station chimney a clear rising gradient of built form beyond the Tate Modern Modern dominate, with the Neo Bankside residential towers which is articulated only with fine linear grooves in the brick- chimney, the opaque brick materiality of which will strongly and the Tate Extension now visible stepping up behind it, the work. The proposed towers will appear to step up from the separate it from those background buildings. The Tate Modern

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 73 17 LVMF 12A.1 | Southwark Bridge Upstream: at the centre of the bridge 3277_1731 3277_1735

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6.82 This view upstream from the centre of the Grade II Listed 6.84 Moving south along the Bridge, the proposed towers will 6.85 The tallest Sampson House and Ludgate House Tower (LH-B) Southwark Bridge is designated as a River Prospect in the appear directly beyond the Tate Modern chimney. At this and One Blackfriars will appear together, with a sentinel char- LVMF SPG (Ref.1-6) from Assessment Point 12A.1. The full point, the Residential Tower would appear to its right and the acter marking the north end of Blackfriars Road. The proposed Prospect incorporates the full breadth of the river, with the Office Tower would appear to its left. The different architec- Residential Tower will appear to be slightly lower than those Tate Modern fronting the south bank on the left and St Paul’s tural character of these buildings would be accentuated by buildings (even though at a greater height) and, with the Cathedral rising above the riverfront development on the that visual separation and yet their shared light and glazed Office Tower, will step down, towards the Neo Bankside build- north bank to the right (out of this frame). On the left, at character will also connect the two buildings visually and ings, the Tate Extension and the Blue Fin building. The stepped the foot of the Tate Modern, is a small cluster of buildings at emphasise their difference from the Tate chimney. Together, composition of the lower Sampson House and Ludgate House the riverfront, including the Globe Theatre and the Grade II they will appear to rise up towards One Blackfriars (part buildings will add depth and interest to the overall cluster listed 17th-18th century houses at 49 Cardinal’s Wharf and constructed in this photograph) closer to the River’s edge, form. Overall, there will be a clear rising gradient of built form 51 and 52 Bankside. In the centre of the frame, the King’s marking the important north-south route of Blackfriars Road beyond the Tate Modern chimney, the opaque brick materi- Reach Tower rises above Ludgate House and, further right, just beyond. There would be no confusion of forms here, and ality of which will strongly separate it from those background the roofs of Westminster are seen beyond the datum of the the high design quality of the proposed towers will be evident forms. The Tate Modern will remain a singular form much Millennium and Blackfriars bridges. The curving frontage and in the subtle articulation of their elevations which will be closer to the viewpoint and addressing the Riverfront further giant columns of Unilever House and the shell-like spire of St discernible even at this distance. They will add a further layer east from Blackfriars: its visibility, character and landmark Bride’s are landmarks on the northbank. of interest to the existing, newly built group of high quality status will not be diminished and its setting will be enhanced buildings clustered just beyond the Tate Modern. This broad by a more richly layered tall buildings cluster at Blackfriars. 6.83 LVMF SPG Visual Management Guidance (Ref. 1-6, pp.114-5) River Prospect will be enhanced considerably. primarily relates to the preservation of the viewer’s ability Significance of impact: major, beneficial to recognise and appreciate St Paul’s Cathedral, in the right Significance of impact: major, beneficial section of the full designated River Prospect.

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 75 18 St Paul’s Cathedral Golden Gallery 3277_1111 3277_1115

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6.86 This view looks south west from the St Paul’s Cathedral Golden 6.87 The proposed towers will appear as a close pair just beyond 6.88 LH-B (on the Ludgate House site) and One Blackfriars will Gallery. It is located in the St Paul’s Cathedral Conservation One Blackfriars (part constructed in this photograph) at the appear in front of the proposed towers, obscuring parts of Area. The Eastern Cluster, behind this view, provides the north end of Blackfriars Road. The different articulation of them, and at a similar height to the Residential Tower. The eastward view with its principal focus, although Canary Wharf the two proposed towers will be legible even at this distance: Office Tower would step down from this taller grouping in is also visible beyond on the distant horizon. This southwest- the angled planes and recesses of the Residential Tower the north to 240 Blackfriars Road and the lower parts of the erly view reveals the length of the Thames between the will have a delicately balanced character, whilst the slender Ludgate House and Sampson House scheme. Together, they Millennium Bridge (on the left) and Waterloo Bridge (on the vertical components of the Office Tower will be expressly will form a tight group marking the north end of Blackfriars right), with Blackfriars Bridge and adjacent railway bridge at vertical and more akin to the reclad and extended South Bank Road, whilst the different articulation and materials of each centre. The skyline is punctuated by a number of towers. To Tower, close to the west. Together with One Blackfriars and building will bring rich texture and interest to the cluster form. the left is the chimney of Tate Modern and in its immediate 240 Blackfriars Road, the proposed towers will clearly mark Further right, the Shell Centre development and Doon Street background, One The Elephant marks Elephant and Castle the northern end of Blackfriars Road and the east-west road tower will be a lower, looser group set further west. On the along with the Strata Tower, further left. 251 Southwark Bridge connections at this important junction, as well as the road far left of the frame, the consented schemes in Elephant Road (Eileen House) and 360 London (Newington Butts) can bridge and new rail station and bridge close to the north. and Castle will form another grouping just beyond the Tate also be seen under construction. A number of taller buildings They will be set at heights which form an attractive and tight Modern chimney. What is currently an interesting southwest- can be seen in the mid distance further right, rising up again grouping with the existing buildings in view, and of elegant erly view from St Paul’s will become a more major tourist view, at Vauxhall with Vauxhall Sky Gardens and the St George slender proportions, and they will each be subtly articulated one that brings new architectural and urban qualities to the Wharf Tower. In front of that group is the cluster emerging at to bring new points of interest within the emerging landmark townscape visible south of the River. the head of Blackfriars Road: 240 Blackfriars Road is now built group. The eye will be drawn from the rooftops directly below and One Blackfriars is under construction. Further right, the this viewing gallery and beyond to the vibrant and varied Significance of impact: major, beneficial South Bank Tower currently appears to be the tallest building built form articulating the southern edge of the River: the in view. The LWT Tower and Shell Centre form a group with view will be greatly enhanced. the London Eye further to the west. Significance of impact: major, beneficial

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 77 19P Millennium Bridge North | Panorama 3277_1211 3277_1215

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6.89 The Millennium Bridge is a 330m long steel bridge linking the 6.91 The proposed towers will add to the emerging character of 6.92 The proposed towers will be largely obscured by the consented City of London at Peter’s Hill, which rises to Ludgate Hill and this dramatic panorama, in which the tapering and singular scheme on the Ludgate House and Sampson House site. St. Paul’s Cathedral to the north, with The Tate Modern at form of The Shard, at the left of the frame, is balanced by Where visible, they will add to this emerging rounded cluster Bankside to the south. Designed by the architects Foster and the tall buildings group at Blackfriars, on the right. The form which rises towards the north end of Blackfriars Road Partners in collaboration with the sculptor Sir Anthony Caro different articulation of the two proposed towers will be and steps down along the river bend with the South Bank and engineers Ove Arup & Partners, it was opened in June legible even at this distance: the angled planes and recesses Tower and Doon Street. To the left of Tate Modern, the two 2000 and, after some modifications, reopened in February of the Residential Tower will have a delicately balanced char- consented buildings at 185 Park Street will be lower and 2002. It is a narrow purpose-built pedestrian bridge, which acter, whilst the slender vertical components of the Office broader forms more characteristic of the existing skyline in permits its users traffic-free views up and downstream, and Tower will be expressly vertical and more akin to the reclad that area. The panorama will have three clear high points, with towards the south front and dome of St Paul’s. Southerly views and extended South Bank Tower, close to the west. Together The Shard on the left, Tate Modern chimney at centre and the from the footbridge are not protected by policy but provide a with One Blackfriars and 240 Blackfriars Road, the proposed Blackfriars cluster on the right. The consolidated cluster of tall good panorama of the south bank: a northwards view on the towers will clearly mark the important road and rail node at buildings at Blackfriars on the right will be commensurate in bridge is recognised in its designation as a River Prospect from the northern end of Blackfriars Road, like The Shard marks scale and character with the new vitality that has been gener- Assessment Point 13A.1 in the LVMF SPG (Ref.1-6). the London Bridge interchange on the left of the view. The ated locally since the start of the millennium. proposed towers will be set at stepped heights which form 6.90 This view of the Site is from a northerly position on the an attractive and tight grouping with the existing buildings Significance of impact: major, beneficial Millennium Bridge and looks southwest, in the opposite in view. They will have elegant slender proportions and each direction, as part of a broad sweeping panorama, which subtly articulated to bring new points of interest within the looks up and down stream. On the left of the frame is The emerging landmark group. The solid form of the brick Tate Shard and Guy’s Hospital Tower. Directly ahead, at the end chimney and body ahead will remain the clear focal point and of the Millennium Bridge is Tate Modern, its brick chimney axis of this panorama and the proposed towers will add to the set off at right angles by the“’light beam” designed by the drama of its composition. architects Herzog de Meuron. The Tate Extension and Neo bankside towers now step up beyond its western end, from Significance of impact: major, beneficial the foothill forms of Bankside Lofts and Falcon Point. Further right, are the bulky masses of Sampson House and Ludgate House, at the south end of Blackfriars Bridge. Rising beyond is 240 Blackfriars Road and One Blackfriars, under construc- tion. The South Bank Tower is now complete and marks the westwards route of Stamford Street, just south of the River. Very little of the rooftops in Westminster are visible above the strongly linear form of Blackfriars Bridge, at the right edge of the frame.

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 79 20 Millennium Bridge: centre of bridge 3277_7601 3277_7605

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6.93 The view from the centre of the Millennium Bridge is desig- 6.94 In this more focused view from the centre of the Millennium 6.95 As in the view from the north end of the bridge (view 19), the nated in LB Southwark Policy DM17. This part of the panorama Bridge, the proposed towers will consolidate what is at proposed towers will be greatly obscured by the consented afforded at this viewpoint is directed southwestwards towards present a dense but - above the broad masses of the existing scheme on the Ludgate House and Sampson House site. At the Site. On the left of the frame is the Tate Modern, with the Sampson House and Ludgate House – fragmented group of this point, only the tip of the Office Tower will be seen and Extension now rising beyond it. The Neo Bankside blocks step buildings marking the north end of Blackfriars Road. They parts of the north and eastern elevations of the Residential down at its side towards the staggered rooflines of Bankside will have a stepped profile, leading up from 240 Blackfriars Tower will add to the layers and interest of this emerging lofts and Falcon Point. The sheer surfaces of 240 Blackfriars Road, to the Office Tower and the Residential Tower, which tight group. There will be a clear gradient rising up from the Road acts as a foil to those more solid, foreground forms. will be the clear tallest point, marking the new Public Square west side of the Tate Modern on the left to the LH-B (on the The heavier, striated masses of Ludgate House and Sampson on Site and the important road junction just south of the Ludgate House site) and One Blackfriars, together marking House create a wall beyond, above which is rising the top of bridgehead. The South Bank Tower and One Blackfriars (part the northern end of Blackfriars. Further west, the South Bank One Blackfriars, now well under construction, and the South constructed in this photograph) will be set lower to the right. Tower will bring a more rounded form to the overall group Bank Tower, now complete. A richly layered group of buildings The high design quality of the proposed towers will be evident on the skyline. The consolidated cluster of tall buildings at is emerging in the middle ground with taller points clustering in their elegant proportions and subtly articulated elevations. Blackfriars will be commensurate in scale and character with at the bridgehead in Blackfriars. At this mid-distance, the elevations of the Office Tower will the new vitality that has been generated locally since the have a sheer and light character whilst the deep and stag- start of the millennium. gered recesses set into the Residential Tower will bring greater three-dimensional and organic qualities which will draw the Significance of impact: major, beneficial eye. Together, they will add focus and a clear composition to this view and, individually, will be of an appropriately high standard of design.

Significance of impact: major, beneficial

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December 2016 Visual Impact Study 18 Blackfriars Road, SE1 81 21 Millennium Bridge: southern end 3277_6311 3277_6315

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6.96 This southwesterly view from the Millennium Bridge, located 6.97 At this southerly point on the Millennium Bridge, the 6.98 The three tallest towers of the Ludgate House and Sampson at the southern end of the bridge is dominated by the lower proposed towers will be positioned closer together. Their House scheme will step up successively towards the River section of the Tate Modern and the landscaping in front of different forms and characters will also be more evident in Thames: they will appear evenly spaced and each building the museum. In the middle distance, the horizontal extents of this closer position and they will bring greater depth to the detailed with a variety of related textures. Much as the Tate Ludgate House and Sampson House dominate the backdrop existing variety of buildings densely positioned to the west Modern chimney on the left of the frame marks the pedes- of the stepped cylindrical yellow Bankside Lofts and the of the Tate Modern. The deep and staggered recesses set trian bridge, LH-B (on the Ludgate House site) and One chaotic brickwork of Falcon Point, with Sea Containers House into the Residential Tower will have three-dimensional and Blackfriars will relate to the more massive crossing of the at the river’s edge. One Blackfriars, under construction, already organic qualities which will respond to the crumbling roofs- combined bridges – road and rail – across the River Thames almost fully conceals the South Bank Tower beyond. The top cape of Bankside Lofts and Falcon Point. The sheerer planes at Blackfriars. The proposed towers and the other buildings of 240 Blackfriars Road is visible to the right of Tate Modern of the Office Tower will have a simpler and more linear char- on the Ludgate House and Sampson House site will step up at a similar height to its ‘light box’. acter which will relate to the ‘light box’ and brick body of the towards those sentinel buildings and will form a richly layered Tate Modern. They will be positive new points of interest grouping clearly rooted in its context. within an existing varied skyline. The dominance of the Tate Modern on the left of the view will be maintained. Significance of impact: major, beneficial

Significance of impact: major, beneficial

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