Social Value of the Professional Basketball Clubs in Spain: a Necessity
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
DOCTORAL THESIS UNIVERSITY OF THE BASQUE COUNTRY FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS Department of Financial Economy II SOCIAL VALUE OF THE PROFESSIONAL BASKETBALL CLUBS IN SPAIN: A NECESSITY XABIER MENDIZABAL LEIÑENA Directors Dr. LEIRE SAN JOSÉ RUÍZ DE AGUIRRE & Dr. JOSÉ DOMINGO GARCÍA MERINO (University of the Basque Country) Doctoral Program in Business Management, Knowledge an Innovation BILBAO, 2020 (c)2020 XABIER MENDIZABAL LEIÑENA «The author of this Thesis declares that the data contained in this original work is proper, assuming otherwise, the responsibilities that may arise from the inaccuracies contained in it: plagiarism, improper use of images, etc. All the images are copyright of their corresponding owners and / or licensees. They are included in the present work under purely informative purpose to illustrate the theoretical framework or work analysis» 2 SOCIAL VALUE OF THE PROFESSIONAL BASKETBALL CLUBS IN SPAIN: A NECESSITY SUMMARY CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES OF THE THESIS 1. INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES OF THE THESIS .................................................................. 10 1.1. Introduction: problem statement ........................................................................................ 10 1.2. Justification of the choice of the topic ................................................................................. 13 1.3. Research Questions and Objectives ..................................................................................... 14 1.4. Methodology ........................................................................................................................ 17 1.5. Research questions and corresponding methods ................................................................ 22 1.6. Structure of the Thesis ......................................................................................................... 24 CHAPTER 2: SPANISH, EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN BASKETBALL CONFIGURATION – AN INTRODUCTORY PERSPECTIVE 2. SPANISH, EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN BASKETBALL CONFIGURATION – AN INTRODUCTORY PERSPECTIVE ............................................................................................................................... 29 2.1. Introduction: Role of sport in Western society: the case of professional basketball .......... 29 2.2. ACB League – The main European national league .............................................................. 31 2.3. National Basketball Association (NBA) – The main league in the world .............................. 46 2.4. European competitions: The “Euroleague vs FIBA” conflict ................................................ 51 2.5. Role of Leagues and Competitions in sport governance – American vs. European model . 60 CHAPTER 3: STAKEHOLDER THEORY 3. STAKEHOLDER THEORY ........................................................................................................... 67 3.1. Precedents and theoretical contributions to stakeholder theory ....................................... 69 3.2. Stakeholder theory: An analysis ........................................................................................... 78 3.2.1. Introduction to stakeholder theory: general premises, approaches to stakeholder theory, multi-fiduciary perspective and social value definition .......................................... 78 3.2.2. Stakeholder utility functions: dimensions of value creation for stakeholder and perceived utility by stakeholders ........................................................................................ 84 3.3. The stakeholder concept: Meaning and perspectives ......................................................... 98 3.3.1. Stakeholder attributes: power, legitimacy and urgency ........................................... 98 3 3.3.2. The stakeholder concept: definitions and criteria .................................................. 100 3.4. Types of stakeholders......................................................................................................... 105 3.5. Stakeholder theory in sports management ....................................................................... 110 3.5.1. Distinctive characteristics and social orientation of professional sport clubs ........ 110 3.5.2. Stakeholder theory in sports management and sports clubs ................................. 113 3.6. Conclusions ........................................................................................................................ 117 CHAPTER 4: SOCIAL VALUE QUANTIFICATION – METHODOLOGIES 4. SOCIAL VALUE QUANTIFICATION – METHODOLOGIES ......................................................... 120 4.1. Introduction: Importance of social value measurement at present .................................. 121 4.2. Social Accounting and Social Value Assessment: Potentials and Challenges .................... 123 4.3. Social value measurement methodologies ........................................................................ 126 4.3.1. The Economy for the Common Good ...................................................................... 134 4.3.2. The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) ....................................................................... 138 4.3.3. B Impact Assessment ............................................................................................... 142 4.3.4. Capacity Index Methodology ................................................................................... 145 4.3.5. Social Return on Investment (SROI) ........................................................................ 149 4.3.6. Monetization of Social Value (SPOLY Methodology)............................................... 155 4.4. Methodological choice ....................................................................................................... 168 4.4.1. General review and comparison of social impact measurement methodologies .. 168 4.4.2. Choice of SPOLY ....................................................................................................... 173 CHAPTER 5: UNDERSTANDING AND MAPPING SPANISH BASKETBALL CLUBS´ STAKEHOLDERS: THEIR PARTICULARITIES AND MOTIVATIONS 5. UNDERSTANDING AND MAPPING SPANISH BASKETBALL CLUBS´ STAKEHOLDERS: THEIR PARTICULARITIES AND MOTIVATIONS ...................................................................................... 178 5.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 179 5.2. Methodological Approach .................................................................................................. 182 5.2.1. Methodological process design ............................................................................... 182 5.2.2. Sampling of participating basketball clubs (purposeful sampling) .......................... 183 5.2.3. Data collection process: Sampling of interviewees (nested sampling) and positionality of researchers ............................................................................................... 187 5.3. Findings .............................................................................................................................. 195 5.3.1. Phase One: Open coding ......................................................................................... 195 5.3.2. Phase Two: Axial coding .......................................................................................... 204 4 5.3.3. Phase Three: Selective coding ................................................................................. 206 5.4. Discussion ........................................................................................................................... 214 5.5. Concluding remarks ............................................................................................................ 218 CHAPTER 6: SOCIAL VALUE MONETIZATION PROCESS IN TWO CLUBS 6. SOCIAL VALUE MONETIZATION PROCESS IN TWO CLUBS .................................................... 220 6.1. Methodology of analysis .................................................................................................... 222 6.2. Test of employment of SPOLY Methodology ..................................................................... 226 6.2.1. Implication of the organization ............................................................................... 226 6.2.2. Identification of Specific Social Value Variables of non-market social value .......... 227 6.2.3. Identification of Outputs and Proxy-s from Specific Social Value Variables ........... 231 6.2.4. Validation of Outputs and Proxy-s by Experts ......................................................... 242 6.3. Social Value Quantification Process – SPOLY Methodology .............................................. 250 6.3.1. SERVQUAL Questionnaire – Fan satisfaction & importance of emotional value .... 250 6.3.2. Quantification of specific social value in MT1 and MT2 .......................................... 257 6.3.3. Calculation of the Economic Value with Social Impact for MT1 & MT2.................. 276 6.3.3.1. Calculation of Value Added in MT1 & MT2 ..................................................... 276 6.3.3.2. Calculation of the Value Mobilized by Suppliers for MT1 & MT2 ................... 285 6.4. Calculation and Presentation of Results for MT1 & MT2 ................................................... 289 6.5. Conclusions .......................................................................................................................