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Radio Over IP Voice and Signalling Characterization Through System-Of-Systems Radio Over IP Solution Deployment

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Radio Over IP Voice and Signalling Characterization Through System-Of-Systems Radio Over IP Solution Deployment Radio Over IP Voice and Signalling Characterization Through System-of-Systems Radio Over IP Solution Deployment by Sinisa Subotic, B. Engineering A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Applied Science in Engineering in Electrical and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2014, Sinisa Subotic i Abstract The focus of the thesis is on the characterizing Radio over IP voice and signalling delay, availability and voice quality by deploying Radio over IP (RoIP) System-of-Systems solution over large distances. Sys- tem-of-Systems RoIP solution interfaces various mobile radio systems over multiple third party Wide Area Networks (WANs) based on Multiprotocol Label Switching Internet Protocol (MPLS IP) links to enable different departments such as Police, Military, Fire, Ambulance, Oil, Correctional Services, For- estry, Mining and etc. to communicate using their existing mobile radios. This thesis focuses on 4 major parts. The first part identifies various mobile radio systems and interfaces to extract and convert radio signaling and voice into the IP packets. The second, researches various interoperability management systems (servers/applications) to interconnect various mobile radio clients (agencies and departments) through the voice patches/conferences. The third focuses on the RoIP System-of-Systems solution de- ployment, testing under real-world condition using both unicast and multicast enabled networks, devel- oping baseline characteristics such as Codecs, Delay, Jitter, Packet Loss, for secure and reliable commu- nication over the third party WAN (MPLS IP backbone). The fourth focuses on RoIP System-of- Systems architectures and their performances when deployed over large distances and multiple third par- ty WAN networks. The fourth primarily focuses on the systems latency characterisation, availability and voice quality. This thesis is the first one to examine radio over IP interoperability into a great level of details and provide a good foundation in understanding where interoperability would work and where not by characterizing major delay contributors in the overall System-of-Systems RoIP solution, from technology perspective. In this thesis RoIP communication over large distances has achieved 99.99%- 99.999% availability and audio quality was found to be loud and clear 5/5 (signal strength 5/clarity 5). ii Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to thank you to my supervisor, Dr. Chang Cheng Huang for his support, guidance, patience in conducting research. Also my special thanks goes to my Manager Mark Penney who supported my research to be aligned with my work to solve problems that many different agencies and departments such as police, military, fire, ambulance, oil, correctional services, forestry, mining and etc. experience due to the lack of Mobile Radio Interoperability. Next, I would like to thank to my colleagues Dale Capling, Werner Brunkee and Robert Nadeau in providing assistance to obtain RoIP testing data such as inherent delay of various radio systems and RoIP delay characterisation over the large distances. Also I would like to thank to my colleague Sebastien Leclerc for RoIP solution field deployment assistance and for his general support. Lastly, I would like to dedicate this Thesis in loving memory of my uncles Momcilo Subotic and Jovo Subotic, both whom passed away during the course of this paper. Last but not least, I would like to thank my family and friends. iii Table of Contents Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................................... iv List of Figures .......................................................................................................................................................... vii List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................................. ix List of Acronyms ........................................................................................................................................................ x Chapter 1: Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................1 1.1 System-of-Systems Radio over IP (RoIP) interoperability solution ..................................................................2 1.2 Motivation ........................................................................................................................................................3 1.3 Approach ..........................................................................................................................................................7 1.4 Contributions....................................................................................................................................................9 1.5 Outline of this Thesis ..................................................................................................................................... 10 Chapter 2: Background ............................................................................................................................................ 11 2.1 Analog and Digital (Conventional and Trunking) Mobile Radio Systems ...................................................... 11 2.1.1 Analog Mobile Radio Systems................................................................................................................ 12 2.1.2 Digital Mobile Radio Systems ................................................................................................................ 14 2.1.3 P25 Digital Radio system ........................................................................................................................ 15 2.1.4 Conventional and Trunking Mobile Radio System ................................................................................. 17 2.1.4.1 Conventional Mobile Radio Systems .................................................................................................. 17 2.1.4.2 Trunking Mobile Radio System ....................................................................................................... 18 2.2 Interface between Radio Systems and IP backbone ..................................................................................... 20 2.2.1 T1 Interface ...................................................................................................................................... 22 2.2.2 Ear and Mouth /Earth and Magneto (E&M) analog interface ......................................................... 22 2.2.3 Trunked Analog Gateway (TAG) ...................................................................................................... 25 2.3 Connection trunk connections (unicast/multicast) ....................................................................................... 26 2.3.1 Unicast point-to-point connection trunks ............................................................................................. 26 2.3.2 Multicast over Unicast to Multicast (M1:U12:M2) configuration ......................................................... 28 2.4 GRE Tunnels with IPsec encryption ............................................................................................................... 29 2.4.1 Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) Tunnels ...................................................................................... 29 2.4.2 IPsec ....................................................................................................................................................... 30 iv 2.5 Baseline characteristics ................................................................................................................................. 31 2.6 Quality of Service (QoS) ................................................................................................................................ 34 2.6.1 QoS within the Local Area Network (LAN) ............................................................................................. 37 2.6.2 QoS over the Wide Area Network (WAN) .............................................................................................. 37 2.7 Application Servers ....................................................................................................................................... 39 2.7.1 IP Interoperability and Collaboration System (IPICS) ............................................................................ 39 2.7.2 Wave Interoperability platform ............................................................................................................. 41 Chapter 3: System-of-Systems Radio over IP Network Characterization ................................................................ 43 3.1 Connection setup, transport protocol, port number and compression codec ............................................. 44 3.2 Overview of the test setup to characterize the network .............................................................................. 45 3.3 Overview of baseline requirements bandwidth, latency, jitter, and packet loss for Radio over IP deployment ........................................................................................................................................................
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