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Proceedings of the United States National Museum
— THE ADAPTIVE MODIFICATIONS AND THE TAXONOMIC VALUE OF THE TONGUE IN BIRDS By Leon L. Gardner, Of the United States Army Medical Corps Since the work of Lucas 1 there has been little systematic investiga- tion on the tongues of birds, and with the exception of an occasional description the subject has been largely neglected. It is in the hope of reopening interest in the subject that this paper is written. As is well known the tongue is an exceptionally variable organ in the Class Aves, as is to be expected from the fact that it is so inti- mately related with the birds' most important problem, that of obtaining food. For this function it must serve as a probe or spear (woodpeckers and nuthatches), a sieve (ducks), a capillary tube (sunbirds and hummers), a brush (Trichoglossidae), a rasp (vul- tures, hawks, and owls), as a barbed organ to hold slippery prey (penguins), as a finger (parrots and sparrows), and perhaps as a tactile organ in long-billed birds, such as sandpipers, herons, and the like. The material upon which this paper is based is the very extensive alcoholic collection of birds in the United States National Museum, Washington, D. C, for the use of which and for his abundant aid in numberless ways I am very much indebted to Dr. Charles W. Richmond, associate curator of the Division of Birds. To Dr. Alexander Wetmore, assistant secretary in charge of the United States National Museum, I wish to express my thanks for his kind assistance in reviewing the paper and for his help in its preparation. -
Taiga Flycatcher Ficedula Albicilla in Gujarat: Status and Distribution, with Notes on Its Identification Prasad Ganpule
152 Indian BirDS Vol. 9 Nos. 5&6 (Publ. 2 December 2014) Taiga Flycatcher Ficedula albicilla in Gujarat: Status and distribution, with notes on its identification Prasad Ganpule Ganpule, P., 2014. Taiga Flycatcher Ficedula albicilla in Gujarat: Status and distribution, with notes on its identification. Indian BIRDS 9 (5&6): 152–154. Prasad Ganpule, C/o Parshuram Pottery Works, Opp.Nazarbaug Station, Morbi 363642, Gujarat, India. Email: [email protected] Manuscript received on 11 May 2014. Introduction The record from Thol, near Ahmedabad (Maheria 2014), The Taiga Flycatcher Ficedula albicilla is a winter migrant to identified as an Asian Brown FlycatcherM. dauurica is actually India. Its winter distribution is mainly to north-eastern, eastern, a F. albicilla. and central India, and the Eastern Ghats, reaching up to western Maharashtra, and Goa (Rasmussen & Anderton 2005; Grimmett Identification et al. 2011). No sightings from Gujarat are given in these texts, Since it is now established that F. parva, F. albicilla, and the but it has been reported from Morbi, Gujarat (Ganpule 2013), Kashmir Flycatcher F. subrubra occur in Gujarat (Grimmett et with the sighting of an adult male in April 2011. al. 2011; Ganpule 2012), identification and separation of the three in first winter plumage is quite challenging. Cederroth et Observations al. (1999) deal with the identification ofparva and albicilla. For I always suspected that the Taiga Flycatcher was more common the identification of first winterF. subrubra, see Ganpule (2012). in Gujarat than previously expected, and it could have been Some additional notes on identification of first-winterF. albicilla overlooked since it was considered a subspecies of the Red- are presented below: breasted Flycatcher F. -
Characterization of the Recombination Landscape in Red-Breasted and Taiga Flycatchers
UPTEC X 19043 Examensarbete 30 hp November 2019 Characterization of the Recombination Landscape in Red-breasted and Taiga Flycatchers Bella Vilhelmsson Sinclair Abstract Characterization of the Recombination Landscape in Red-Breasted and Taiga Flycatchers Bella Vilhelmsson Sinclair Teknisk- naturvetenskaplig fakultet UTH-enheten Between closely related species there are genomic regions with a higher level of Besöksadress: differentiation compared to the rest of the genome. For a time it was believed that Ångströmlaboratoriet these regions harbored loci important for speciation but it has now been shown that Lägerhyddsvägen 1 these patterns can arise from other mechanisms, like recombination. Hus 4, Plan 0 Postadress: The aim of this project was to estimate the recombination landscape for red-breasted Box 536 flycatcher (Ficedula parva) and taiga flycatcher (F. albicilla) using patterns of linkage 751 21 Uppsala disequilibrium. For the analysis, 15 red-breasted and 65 taiga individuals were used. Scaffolds on autosomes were phased using fastPHASE and the population Telefon: 018 – 471 30 03 recombination rate was estimated using LDhelmet. To investigate the accuracy of the phasing, two re-phasings were done for one scaffold. The correlation between the re- Telefax: phases were weak on the fine-scale, and strong between means in 200 kb windows. 018 – 471 30 00 Hemsida: 2,176 recombination hotspots were detected in red-breasted flycatcher and 2,187 in http://www.teknat.uu.se/student taiga flycatcher. Of those 175 hotspots were shared, more than what was expected by chance if the species were completely independent (31 hotspots). Both species showed a small increase in the rate at hotspots unique to the other species. -
The Female/First Winter Kashmir Flycatcher Ficedula Subrubra: an Identification Conundrum Prasad Ganpule
GANPULE: Kashmir Flycatcher 153 The female/first winter Kashmir Flycatcher Ficedula subrubra: an identification conundrum Prasad Ganpule Ganpule, P., 2012. The female/first winter Kashmir Flycatcher Ficedula subrubra: an identification conundrum. Indian BIRDS 7 (6): 153–158. Prasad Ganpule, C/o Parshuram Pottery Works, Opp. Nazarbaug Station, Morbi 363642, Gujarat, India. Email: [email protected] Manuscript first received on 24 May 2011. Introduction Observations The Kashmir Flycatcher Ficedula subrubra is endemic to the The bird in question had orange spotting/mottling on the breast, Indian Subcontinent. It is a Red Data species categorised as which was almost absent on its white throat, extending up to Vulnerable (BirdLife International 2011). It breeds in the Kashmir the flanks. It had a white belly. It had darker/blackish wings, area and Pir Panjal Range (Bates & Lowther 1952; Henry 1955; grey on the sides of the neck, and dark brownish upperparts. Roberts 1992), and is known to winter in the Western Ghats and The tail and rump were completely black. It had a greyish-black Sri Lanka (Zarri & Rahmani 2004b). bill with a pale base to the lower mandible. The bill looked At c. 0900 hrs on 2 January 2009, in a patchwork habitat slightly longer and stronger than the bill of a typical parva. I comprising cultivation, scattered trees, and scrub near Morbi, took numerous photographs, referred books, and prima facie Rajkot district, Gujarat (22º49’N, 70º50’E) I heard a loud and identified the bird as a female Kashmir Flycatcher based on clear bird call: “sweet-sweet,” similar to the call of an Indian Robin the call and other identification features. -
India: Tigers, Taj, & Birds Galore
INDIA: TIGERS, TAJ, & BIRDS GALORE JANUARY 30–FEBRUARY 17, 2018 Tiger crossing the road with VENT group in background by M. Valkenburg LEADER: MACHIEL VALKENBURG LIST COMPILED BY: MACHIEL VALKENBURG VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE, SUITE 1003 AUSTIN, TEXAS 78746 WWW.VENTBIRD.COM INDIA: TIGERS, TAJ, & BIRDS GALORE January 30–February 17, 2018 By Machiel Valkenburg This tour, one of my favorites, starts in probably the busiest city in Asia, Delhi! In the afternoon we flew south towards the city of Raipur. In the morning we visited the Humayan’s Tomb and the Quitab Minar in Delhi; both of these UNESCO World Heritage Sites were outstanding, and we all enjoyed them immensely. Also, we picked up our first birds, a pair of Alexandrine Parakeets, a gorgeous White-throated Kingfisher, and lots of taxonomically interesting Black Kites, plus a few Yellow-footed Green Pigeons, with a Brown- headed Barbet showing wonderfully as well. Rufous Treepie by Machiel Valkenburg From Raipur we drove about four hours to our fantastic lodge, “the Baagh,” located close to the entrance of Kanha National Park. The park is just plain awesome when it comes to the density of available tigers and birds. It has a typical central Indian landscape of open plains and old Sal forests dotted with freshwater lakes. In the early mornings when the dew would hang over the plains and hinder our vision, we heard the typical sounds of Kanha, with an Indian Peafowl displaying closely, and in the far distance the song of Common Hawk-Cuckoo and Southern Coucal. -
AOS Classification Committee – North and Middle America Proposal Set 2018-B 17 January 2018
AOS Classification Committee – North and Middle America Proposal Set 2018-B 17 January 2018 No. Page Title 01 02 Split Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus into four species 02 05 Restore Canada Jay as the English name of Perisoreus canadensis 03 13 Recognize two genera in Stercorariidae 04 15 Split Red-eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus) into two species 05 19 Split Pseudobulweria from Pterodroma 06 25 Add Tadorna tadorna (Common Shelduck) to the Checklist 07 27 Add three species to the U.S. list 08 29 Change the English names of the two species of Gallinula that occur in our area 09 32 Change the English name of Leistes militaris to Red-breasted Meadowlark 10 35 Revise generic assignments of woodpeckers of the genus Picoides 11 39 Split the storm-petrels (Hydrobatidae) into two families 1 2018-B-1 N&MA Classification Committee p. 280 Split Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus into four species Effect on NACC: This proposal would change the species circumscription of Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus by splitting it into four species. The form that occurs in the NACC area is nominate pacificus, so the current species account would remain unchanged except for the distributional statement and notes. Background: The Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus was until recently (e.g., Chantler 1999, 2000) considered to consist of four subspecies: pacificus, kanoi, cooki, and leuconyx. Nominate pacificus is highly migratory, breeding from Siberia south to northern China and Japan, and wintering in Australia, Indonesia, and Malaysia. The other subspecies are either residents or short distance migrants: kanoi, which breeds from Taiwan west to SE Tibet and appears to winter as far south as southeast Asia. -
Thailand Highlights March 9–28, 2019
THAILAND HIGHLIGHTS MARCH 9–28, 2019 Gray Peacock-Pheasant LEADER: DION HOBCROFT LIST COMPILED BY: DION HOBCROFT VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE, SUITE 1003 AUSTIN, TEXAS 78746 WWW.VENTBIRD.COM By Dion Hobcroft The stunning male Blue Pitta that came in to one of the wildlife viewing hides at Kaeng Krachan. We returned to the “Land of Smiles” for our annual and as expected very successful tour in what is undoubtedly the most diverse and comfortable country for birding in Southeast Asia. Thailand is fabulous. Up early as is typical, we went to the recently sold off Muang Boran fish ponds—now sadly being drained and filled in. The one surviving pond was still amazing, as we enjoyed great looks at Pallas’s Grasshopper Warbler, Baillon’s Crake, a winter-plumaged Watercock, Black-headed Kingfisher, and a handful of Asian Golden Weavers, although only one male fully colored up. Nearby Bang Poo was packed to the gills with shorebirds, gulls, and fish-eating waterbirds. Amongst the highlights here were Painted Storks, breeding plumaged Greater and Lesser sand-plovers, hundreds of Brown-headed Gulls, primordial Mudskippers, and even more ancient: a mating pair of Siamese Horseshoe Crabs! Beverly spotted the elusive Tiger Shrike coming in to bathe at a sprinkler. A midday stroll around the ruins of the ancient capital of Ayutthya also offered some good birds with Small Minivets, a Eurasian Hoopoe feeding three chicks, and a glowing Coppersmith Barbet creating some “oohs and aahs” from first time Oriental birders, and rightly so. One last stop at a Buddhist temple in limestone hills in Saraburi revealed the Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 2 Thailand Highlights, 2019 highly localized Limestone Wren-Babbler; they were quite timid this year, although finally settled for good looks. -
Taxonomic Updates to the Checklists of Birds of India, and the South Asian Region—2020
12 IndianR BI DS VOL. 16 NO. 1 (PUBL. 13 JULY 2020) Taxonomic updates to the checklists of birds of India, and the South Asian region—2020 Praveen J, Rajah Jayapal & Aasheesh Pittie Praveen, J., Jayapal, R., & Pittie, A., 2020. Taxonomic updates to the checklists of birds of India, and the South Asian region—2020. Indian BIRDS 16 (1): 12–19. Praveen J., B303, Shriram Spurthi, ITPL Main Road, Brookefields, Bengaluru 560037, Karnataka, India. E-mail: [email protected]. [Corresponding author.] Rajah Jayapal, Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty (Post), Coimbatore 641108, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail: [email protected] Aasheesh Pittie, 2nd Floor, BBR Forum, Road No. 2, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500034, Telangana, India. E-mail: [email protected] Manuscript received on 05 January 2020 April 2020. Introduction taxonomic policy of our India Checklist, in 2020 and beyond. The first definitive checklist of the birds of India (Praveen et .al In September 2019 we circulated a concept note, on alternative 2016), now in its twelfth version (Praveen et al. 2020a), and taxonomic approaches, along with our internal assessment later that of the Indian Subcontinent, now in its eighth version of costs and benefits of each proposition, to stakeholders of (Praveen et al. 2020b), and South Asia (Praveen et al. 2020c), major global taxonomies, inviting feedback. There was a general were all drawn from a master database built upon a putative list of support to our first proposal, to restrict the consensus criteria to birds of the South Asian region (Praveen et al. 2019a). All these only eBird/Clements and IOC, and also to expand the scope to checklists, and their online updates, periodically incorporating all the taxonomic categories, from orders down to species limits. -
Red List of Bangladesh 2015
Red List of Bangladesh Volume 1: Summary Chief National Technical Expert Mohammad Ali Reza Khan Technical Coordinator Mohammad Shahad Mahabub Chowdhury IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature Bangladesh Country Office 2015 i The designation of geographical entitles in this book and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature concerning the legal status of any country, territory, administration, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The biodiversity database and views expressed in this publication are not necessarily reflect those of IUCN, Bangladesh Forest Department and The World Bank. This publication has been made possible because of the funding received from The World Bank through Bangladesh Forest Department to implement the subproject entitled ‘Updating Species Red List of Bangladesh’ under the ‘Strengthening Regional Cooperation for Wildlife Protection (SRCWP)’ Project. Published by: IUCN Bangladesh Country Office Copyright: © 2015 Bangladesh Forest Department and IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holders, provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holders. Citation: Of this volume IUCN Bangladesh. 2015. Red List of Bangladesh Volume 1: Summary. IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Bangladesh Country Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh, pp. xvi+122. ISBN: 978-984-34-0733-7 Publication Assistant: Sheikh Asaduzzaman Design and Printed by: Progressive Printers Pvt. -
Eastern China
The magnificent Reeves's Pheasant was one of the many specialties seen on this tour (Brendan Ryan). EASTERN CHINA 3 – 27 MAY 2017 LEADER: HANNU JÄNNES Birdquest’s Eastern China tour, an epic 25 day journey across much of eastern China, focusses on an array of rare Chinese endemics and migrants, and this year’s tour once again proved a great success. The focus of the first part of the tour is to achieve good views of rarities like Spoon-billed Sandpiper, the critically endangered Blue-crowned (Courtois’s) Laughingthrush, the superb Cabot’s Tragopan and Elliot’s Pheasant and the ultra-rare Chinese Crested Tern. This was successfully achieved alongside a plethora of other much sought after species including White-faced Plover, Great Knot, stunning Saunders’s Gulls, Reed Parrotbill, eastern migrants, including Pechora Pipit, Japanese Robin, Japanese Paradise, Yellow-rumped, Narcissus and Mugimaki Flycatchers, and forest species like Brown-chested Jungle Flycatcher, White-necklaced Partridge, Silver Pheasant, Buffy and Moustached Laughingthrushes, Short-tailed Parrotbill, Fork-tailed Sunbird and the delightful Pied Falconet. Quite a haul! 1 BirdQuest Tour Report: Eastern China 2017 www.birdquest-tours.com Crested Ibis at Dongzhai Nature Reserve (Brendan Ryan). The second part of the tour, the ‘Northeast Extension’, visited a series of sites for various other Chinese specialities. Beginning in Wuhan, we bagged the amazing Reeves’s Pheasant and Crested Ibis, as well as stunners that included Fairy Pitta and Chestnut-winged Cuckoo. We then moved on to Jiaocheng for the fabulous Brown Eared Pheasants before flying on to Beijing, where the mountains of the nearby Hebei province yielded the endemic Chinese Beautiful Rosefinch, Chinese Nuthatch, Green-backed and Zappey’s Flycatchers and the rare Grey-sided Thrush. -
Mongolia (Tour Participant Martin Hale)
Pallas’s Sandgrouse epitomise the wilds of Mongolia (tour participant Martin Hale) MONGOLIA 21 MAY – 4/8 JUNE 2016 LEADERS: MARK VAN BEIRS and TERBISH KHAYANKHAYRVAA The enormous, landlocked country of Mongolia is the 19th largest and the most sparsely populated fully sovereign country in the world. At 1,564,116 km² (603,909 sq mi), Mongolia is larger than the combined areas of Germany, France and Spain and holds only three million people. It is one of our classic eastern Palearctic destinations and travelling through Mongolia is a fantastic experience as the scenery is some of the best in the world. Camping is the only way to discover the real Mongolia, as there are no hotels or ger camps away from the well-known tourist haunts. On our 19 day, 3,200km off-road odyssey we wandered through the wide and wild steppes, deserts, semi-deserts, mountains, marshes and taiga of Genghis Khan’s country. The unfamiliar feeling of ‘space’ charged our batteries and we experienced both icy cold and rather hot weather. Mongolia does not yield a long birdlist, but it holds a fabulous array of attractive specialities, including many species that are only known as vagrants to Europe and North America. Spring migration was in full swing with various Siberia-bound migrants encountered at wetlands and migrant hotspots. The 1 BirdQuest Tour Report: Mongolia www.birdquest-tours.com endearing Oriental Plover was the Bird of the Trip as we witnessed its heart-warming flight display several times at close range. The magnificent eye-ball to eye-ball encounter with an angry Ural Owl in the Terelj taiga will never be forgotten and we also much enjoyed the outstanding experience of observing a male Hodgson’s Bushchat in his inhospitable mountain tundra habitat. -
Olume 33 • No 3 • 2011
DUTCH BIRDINGVOLUME 33 • NO 3 • 2011 Dutch Birding Dutch Birding HOO F D R EDACTEU R Arnoud van den Berg (023-5378024, [email protected]) ADJUNCT HOO F D R EDACTEU R Enno Ebels (030-2961335, [email protected]) UITVOE R END R EDACTEU R André van Loon (020-6997585, [email protected]) FOTOG R A F ISCH R EDACTEU R René Pop (0222-316801, [email protected]) REDACTIE R AAD Peter Adriaens, Sander Bot, Ferdy Hieselaar, Gert Ottens, Roy Slaterus, Roland van der Vliet en Rik Winters REDACTIE -ADVIES R AAD Peter Barthel, Mark Constantine, Dick Forsman, Ricard Gutiérrez, Killian Mullarney, Klaus Malling Olsen, Magnus Robb, Hadoram Shirihai en Lars Svensson Internationaal tijdschrift over REDACTIEMEDEWE R KE R S Max Berlijn, Harvey van Diek, Nils van Duivendijk, Steve Geelhoed, Palearctische vogels Marcel Haas, Jan van der Laan, Hans van der Meulen, Kees Roselaar, Vincent van der Spek, Jan Hein van Steenis, Pieter van Veelen en Peter de Vries PR ODUCTIE EN LAY -OUT André van Loon en René Pop REDACTIE Dutch Birding ADVE R TENTIES Leon Boon, p/a Dutch Birding, Postbus 75611, 1070 AP Amsterdam Duinlustparkweg 98A [email protected] 2082 EG Santpoort-Zuid ABONNEMENTEN De abonnementsprijs voor 2011 bedraagt: EUR 39.50 (Nederland en België), Nederland EUR 40.00 (rest van Europa) en EUR 43.00 (landen buiten Europa). Abonnees in Nederland [email protected] ontvangen ook het dvd-jaaroverzicht. U kunt zich abonneren door het overmaken van de abonnementsprijs op girorekening FOTO R EDACTIE 01 50 697 (Nederland), girorekening 000 1592468 19 (België) of bankrekening 54 93 30 348 van ABN•AMRO (Castricum), ovv ‘abonnement Dutch Birding’.