District Census Handbook, 36-Naini Tal, Uttar Pradesh
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DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK 1951 NAINI TAL DISTRICT FOREWORD Several States, including Uttar Pradesh, have been publishing village statistics by districts at each census. In 1941 they were published in U. P. under the title "District Census Statistics" with a separate volume for each district. In the 1951 census, when the tabulation has been more elaborate than ever in view of the require ... ments of the country, the district,wise volume has been expanded into a "District Census Handbook", which now contains the District Census Tables (furnishing data with break... up for census tracts within the district), the District Index of Non ... agricultural Occupations, agricultural statistics from 190V02 to 195°"'51 and other miscellaneous statistics in addition to the usual village population statistics. The village population statistics also are given in an elaborate form giving the division of the population among eight livelihood classes and other details. 2. It may be added here that a separate set of district ... wise volumes giving only population figures of rural areas by villages and of urban areas by wards and mohallas and entitled "District Population Statistics" has alrOfldy been published. This separate series was necessitated by the urgent requirements of the U. P. Government for elections to local bodies. The printing of the District Census Handbooks involves colossal work and is bound to take some time. RAJESHW ARI PRASAD. I.A.S., KAMPUR: Superintendent, Census Operations; .Yovel1tb~r 3 0 , 1954. Uttar Pradesb. CONTENTS Ili'TBopuottoN- A-The Distriot i-Ii B-.Ana.lysis of the Statistics iii-x C_1l1xplanatocy note on the Statistics PART I-DISTRICT CENSUS TABLES A-GEN(I]SAL POPULA'rION TABLE8- A-I Area, Houses end Population 3 A-II Variation in Population during Fifty Years 3 A·III Towns and ViJlages Classified by Population 4-5 A-IV Towns Classified by Population with Variations since 1901 6 A-V 'rowns arranged TerritOl'ially with Population by Livelihood Classes 7 E Area. and Popu19tion of District and Tehsils by Livelihood ClasSeR 8-9 B-EoONOlllIO TABLlllS- H-I Livelihood_Classes and Sub·classes 10-13 B-Il Secondary Means of Livelihood 14-21 B-ln Employers, Employees o,nd Indepenrleni Workers in Industries and Services by Division" and Sub-divisions 22-52 B-IV Unemployment by Livelihood Classes 53-54 Index of N on-a.grioultU1'al Occupations 55-59 C-HOUSlllHOLD AND AGE (SAMPLE) TABLES c-r Household (Size and Composition) 60-61 C-II Livelihood Cla.sses by Age-groups 62-67 a-Ill Age and Civil Condition 68-71 C·IV Age and Literacy 72-75 C-V Single Year Age Returns 76-83 D _'300IAL AND CULTURAL TABLES- D-r Languages (i) Mother Tongun 84-87 (ii) Bilingualism 88-91 D-n Religion 92-93 D·IlY Scheduled Castes 92-93 D·IV Migrant!' 94-97 D-V (i) Displaced persons by year of arrival in IndIa 98-99 (ii) Displaced persons by Livelihood ClasSl38 100-101 D·V! Non-Indian Nationals 100-101 D·VII Livelihood Cla!!ses by Educational Standards 102-105 PART II-VILLAGE, TOWN. PARGANA AND THANA STATISTTCS Primary Census Abstraet 108-169 2 Pargana and Tha.na.wise Popula.tion 170-171 PART lII-MI8CELLANEOUB 8TATISTICS Vital Statistics 174-117 2 Agrioultural StatisticB-(i) Rainfall 178-179 (ii) Area. as olas:~ifteu with details of area under oultivation 180-183 (iii) Cropped Area 184-199 (i.v) Irrigated Area 200-205 3 Live.Stook, Agricultural Ma<lhinery and Implemen(,t.I 204-206 '<\ List of Primary Schools 201-209 INTRODUCTION A-THE DISTRICT 1. The dist.rict of Nailli Tal is bounded on the north by Almont and a portion of (:arhwal, on tho east by a portion of tho Almora district anfl NepaL on the west h;\' j.}w Uarhwal alld Bijnor <li:-;tricb~ and on the Konth by Pilibhit, Btil'oilly, Ramplll' nnd i\fOl'l1- dahad. The total aren, of the <list.rict is ~,6:1:~ square miles. Its population in I!);') I \\',1:-: :l'~;-; lakh". There are -1 tehsilK, 2.3 thana" and 19 pargamtR in the district . .) '}'he district is of a lllost heterogeneous desl:l'iption. 'rhe northern portion Topography consists of hills, the outer ranges of the Himalayas. which in many places ri"e up Rteep from the gentle slopes at their feet" \vhile elsewhere thoro a.re sen~ml series of low forel'lt- clad hills which furm, aK it '''Ne, the out·wol'kK of the main range of 11l0untainK. From the hills we pass with mpid tranf'itions through the cllriow, phenomena of the Ta I'a i and Bhabar to the ordinary alluvial plain that characterises the north of India. The Naini Till tehsil comprises the mount,ainOllS tract. The mountaiuK of t.he outer Himalayas in thi~ district have a general elevation of about 6':;00 feet aboye the level of the sea while the highest summit'i-l· attain to n height of oveL' S,O()O feet. The outermost range is of a consi- derably greater elevation than t.lw intermediate cha,ins lying between it am1 tllf' nnt.l;\'ing spuri$ of the great snow-clad peak.. of Almont and Garhwal. The chief m011ntain rang(' of the rliRtrict is the Gagar. East of l{arngarh the Uagar rallg(:\ merges in t.hat knowll a~ Lohukot" uniting at t.J1O l\Iukteshwar peak. Below the main outWOl'kK of the Himala,ya, there frequently oC'curs a low<:'r line of hills known as the Siwalik OJ' sub-Himalayan ehain. Illlmediately below the foot of tile hillK t.lwl'o liel'l it ml.l'l'OW belt of country, llsLmll~' covered with forest and remarkable for an entire abl'lence of \\'(ttel'. Tt iH called Bhabar. TehHil Haldwani comprises this belt of waterlesti forest land. 'nWI'C j:,; a tll ill ('0\ erillg of tl"lluvial floil on a vnst dry bed of houlders and shingle through which all mill tlw t fall" :,;inks rapidly. It absorbs in the Kall1(,> way all the minor streams of the outer 1'<lllges. Instead of reods and graRSE'fi, gigantic hald1t8 ftnd kl~air8 real' their heads above a tangled undergrowth of creepp,rs and thorns. Cult.ivation is not. possible in t.hi" t.ract without irrigation. To the south of the Bhabar lies the Tal'ai, which extendfi l'lollthwards to the cultivated plains of the Rohilkhand division. It con"ists of the Kichha tehsil of thi" district. Its general appearance is that of a plain sloping gently towards the south-east. The country in general is a tract of forest and swampK, wit.h scattered patches of cultivation. The nor thern half chiefly consists of jungle of savannahs of grass and n'eds. The hill torrent:: which sink and are lost below the mass of houlderR and gra\"pl ill the Bhabal' reappear in this damp and marshy tract. The soil is everywhere a. moist alluvial deposit, without any sign of the rock formatiolls of the Bhabar. Large arE'as of t.his tract have recently been hrought ltndcr cultivation and arE' being colonized. Lastly, there is the level country in the south-west coruer which comprises the tehsil of Kashipur. It resembles the plain:,; of l{ohilkhand, save that it il' less highly cultivated and containK more open graKs jungles tllHn tho southern il.1Rtrid;;:. Lar!!;(' <trea" in thiR tl'}l,f't have all'll) hnpn ,'e(·laimp!i lImlf.'r tit!' ('oIOlli:t.at iOIl Sf'hf'Il1P. The main drainage Iine;-; of the hill l:ountl',\' of thiK distrieL are the water-sheds of tIl(' K.osi, Gola and Nandhaul' ri\,l'r:-:. ~one of the l'i\'01'K ill thil-i district have t.heir origin ill the KnOW;\T heights of HIl' lIppE'l' Himalaya. The hill country contains several hkets of great size and beauty. gnll''v OIlO of the ri\'erK and th(' smaller stream~ are utilized for irrigation purposeH in the Bhabar. In the Tarai thC'I'c are not only thE"He ri yen; , bllt a vast 1l11111UeL' of others whi('h originate in til(' Hwamps along the northern borde!'. The drainage SyfitClll of the TaJ'(lI: aK it whole resembles the l'eticulat,iollK of It leaf. tho streamlets on the edge of the ll1ui"t COttntl',\" llllitillg to form larger channeb which again feed the arterial lines of lhainage [l,lld all e\rentllally join the great midrih Kt.ream. -the l~amg!\nga. Most of these ]'in~],fi are subject during the rains to heavy floods. ;~. In the hill patti.:; the soil-('laHsificatioll resembles that of Almont. It is very thin Soils on hill sides and is allm·ial. 'I'hl' best iITigated land is known as talaon, while other irri- gated soils, which are imperfectly watered, are generally called l)'{lrlchnr. The uplands. when not watered artiticially ale designated as uparaon. The unterraced fields are known as kafil or ijran. The BhaTmr consist s of new deposits of alLn vium on a mass of bonld(1],K and gravel. Tho soils in the Tami and in Ka~hipllr ['('semhle that of the plains in the :-:outh, That in the upper portion of the l'arai is a light Ha11(1y loam. Further Kauth, however, the soil contains Illore alum and leKR silica, and lower down a stiff clay is found. Clay occurs everywhere in the depressions. It becomes lighter on the higher ground between the lines of drainage. In the west the soil is a fairly dark consistent loam, but to the east.