TUI MOTU InterIslands CELEBRATING 21 YEARS 1997–2018 Issue 228 July 2018 $7

ANNA HOLMES and TINA BEATTIE on 50 years of Humanae Vitae JOEY DOMDOM, MAYIE PAGALILAUAN and JUDITH SALAMAT on migrant caregivers of the aged JENNY DAWSON and TRISH MCBRIDE discuss the living wage MIKE RIDDELL and ALOFA LALE share their faith PLUS young people on their Catholic education CONTENTS FEATURES EDITORIAL Fifty Years — From Humanae Vitae to Amoris Laetitia ...... 4 Babies and Other Things Anna Holmes Humanae Vitae — A Woman Theologian Reflects . . 6 Tina Beattie Being a Migrant Caregiver ...... 8 hildren and babies have made worldwide news Joey Domdom, Mayie Pagalilauan and Judith Salamat lately — and the stark contrasts in these news Working for Family-Fair Wages ...... 10 Cstories bring home the inequalities of our world. We Jenny Dawson, Trish McBride feted the birth of a baby girl to our Prime Minister and her Reasons of the Heart ...... 12 partner in the style of a royal birth. We are interested in Mike Riddell how Jacinda will manage a baby with her role —she reminds us that mothers do it all the time and that she’ll have A Call in the Dark Night ...... 14 Alofa Fale support. I sense that the world is encouraging her. At the same time, we heard of a nine-month-old baby What I Value Most Now from My taken from its parents at the Mexico-USA border and Catholic Education ...... 18 Esther Robinson, Callum MacLeod, Georgia West, interned in the Bronx. This action was the direct result Cavaan Wild and Hannah Bergin of the US government’s “crackdown” on asylum seekers COMMENT and immigrants crossing the border without correct visas. Thankfully the world did not buy the rhetoric justifying Editorial ...... 2 separating children from their parents in this way and Thoughts on Ellis Island ...... 3 President Trump stopped it — to an extent. David Tolich We heard of Spain agreeing to take a boatload of COLUMNS African asylum seekers — many of them mothers with children — crossing the Mediterranean to Europe when Waking Up to Our Wastefulness ...... 24 Jack Derwin Malta and Italy refused them entry. And we know of the Australian government’s festering Let’s Move from Thinking to Speaking ...... 25 policy of keeping young men refugees and asylum seekers Julia Spelman interned in offshore sites — despite the reported rise of Crosscurrents ...... 30 mental illness among detainees, compounded by their Susan Smith trauma and the hopelessness they now feel. Looking Out and In ...... 32 I want to think that the outcry against governments Kaaren Mathias subjecting children and adults to inhumane treatment SCRIPTURE is prophetic. That God’s mission is being proclaimed as Completing God’s Work ...... 20 compassion, the belief in human dignity and a sense of Kathleen Rushton responsibility for the common good. Many of the situations Goodness and Sincerity of Heart ...... 22 in countries from which asylum seekers are fleeing have Elaine Wainwright their roots in the colonisation and on-going interference and exploitation of the countries to which they now seek entry. I REFLECTION want to think that the call to offer humble hospitality to new When Morning Comes ...... 16 arrivals now, is also a call to reconcile the past sinfulness James B Lyons that has affected generations. It is our truth and humility REVIEWS in attitude and actions that will count — we will show Book and Film Reviews ...... 26–29, 31 Christianity at its most challenging, relational and profound. This 228th issue explores how the UN global goal of LETTERS sustainable consumption and production affects us in Letters to the Editor ...... 31 this part of the world — our visa situation for supposedly “low skilled” workers in our aged care industry and paying Cover Painting workers a Living Wage. And as well as articles discussing The Kiss by Gustav Klimt the significance today of Humane Vitae on its 50th anniversary, we’re given glimpses by Mike Riddell and Alofa Lale into their spirituality. And there’s much more. We thank all our contributors who by sharing their faith, reflection, research, art, craft and generosity are inviting us to this month’s feast. And as is our custom, our last word TuiMotuInterIslands Tuimotumag is of blessing. ■

2 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 THOUGHTS ON ELLIS ISLAND

llis Island, a former Immigration not a good place to travel. The inscription on the Statue of Centre, is in New York Harbour. First and second class passengers Liberty reads: “Give me your tired, EOur personal guide, a New Yorker clear of disease could disembark and your poor, your huddled masses of Italian-Sicilian descent, was dressed were free to go anywhere. My grandad yearning to breathe free, the as an Immigration Official of about caught the train to San Francisco and wretched refuse of your teeming 1900. And he had an encyclopediac from there a ship to New Zealand. shore. Send these, the homeless, knowledge of Ellis Island — known also But all steerage passengers tempest-tossed to me. I lift my lamp as the Island of Tears. were sent to Ellis Island where they beside the golden door!” The name “Ivan Tolic” — my underwent the six-second check. If It struck me that the inscription does grandad — is in the Ellis Island Archive. an immigrant faltered climbing stairs not have an expiry date. Liberty still calls He is recorded on the S.S. La Bretagne under the gaze of a doctor, then and liberty is bigger than any wall. manifest as having arrived in New York they were sent back. All people with I think that Liberty’s invitation on 16 May 1904 aged 19 years. illnesses were sent back. applies to Aotearoa New Zealand He would have stood on the deck Twelve million people went today. Yes, we can certainly take more of his ship and seen the Statue of through Ellis Island between 1892 to migrants into Aotearoa. But if there is Liberty. He was on his way to Aotearoa 1930 and 20 per cent — 2.4 million to be a policy it will require dialogue which he knew as New Zealand. He people — were returned to where they and consultation with Tangata spoke no English. As I stood in the had come from. However, 9,600,000 Whenua o Aotearoa. same Great Immigration Hall, 114 entered America so Ellis Island was I saw a picture at Ellis Island that years after his transit through Ellis also the Island of Hope and Dreams. showed where the Native Americans Island, I felt every bit his grandson. We visited the Tenement lived on Turtle Island (mainland USA). It In his time, ships were boarded in Museum on the Lower East Side near highlights the fact that the immigrants New York Harbour. No ships docked at Chinatown, Little Italy and Soho and were not entering an empty country. Ellis Island as there were no wharves. saw the records of the next stage Nor were the Native Americans waiting Doctors, disease specialists, in the immigrants’ journey. And, to be discovered. While the immigrants immigration officials and others went standing on Mott Street in Chinatown, experienced hope, unfortunately out to the ships. They boarded and we could see where some of those the Native Americans’ experience began their work checking all the immigrants’ families are settled now. was very different. They suffered passengers. They had to be disease- Ellis Island and the Tenement historical trauma, colonisation and the free to immigrate. No one was Museum highlighted for me that, aside destruction of their nations. It seems to accepted who could become a liability from the Indigenous people, everybody me that immigrants in America need to on the government as there was no in America arrived from somewhere address these matters. ■ welfare system. else. It becomes imperative then that People with illnesses would be the earlier migrants offer the Torch of sent back to where they had come Liberty to new migrants now — those David Tolich is an advocate from in Europe — hence the “Island who come by sea in precarious boats, and activist. He lives with Jill of Tears”. Some diseases were those seeking asylum from war-torn Mooney in Tāmaki Makaurau contracted on the ships in transit and situations and anyone who dreams of a (Auckland). steerage, with its overcrowding, was better future, like my grandad Ivan Tolic.

Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 3 and five women — three married. Their report to Pope Paul in 1966 reaffirmed the ideals of no abortion and faithful, lifelong marriage. It proposed that under certain circumstances contraception should be permitted. It was leaked to the press in April 1967. HV ignored the majority report and agreed with the opinion of seven clerical members on the total ban on artificial contraception, although serial abstinence using fertility awareness was acceptable. Cardinal Ottaviani, head of the Congregation for the Doctrine of Faith, persuaded Pope Paul that any change would undermine the authority of the magisterium.

What Did Humanae Vitae Say? HV is divided into three main sections. The first covers what it means to be human and how married love and sexuality can be lived in Christian community. The second proposes that freedom and wholeness is inherent in the unitive (becoming one) and procreative aspects of marriage. Contraception is forbidden because it prevents procreation, a God- given aspect of marriage. It suggests interfering with procreation was claiming a power that belongs to God alone. HV also suggests that the self- discipline necessary to achieve periodic abstinence to prevent conception enables couples to grow in unselfishness and responsibility. It states some of the possible evil consequences of contraception. The third section appeals to couples, priests and bishops to adhere to the teaching of the Church and for men of science and medicine to increase knowledge about fertility and periodic abstinence.

Insights of Humanae Vitae HV stated many important insights about love and sexuality for the first time in papal documents. 50 YEARS Faithful married love enables couples to grow together in a relationship which has equally – from Humanae Vitae important emotional, psychological, physical, social to Amoris Laetitia and spiritual aspects. This gives the best possible conditions for raising children. The love expresses responsibilities towards self, spouse, children ANNA HOLMES outlines the and society lived out in responsible parenthood. strengths and weaknesses of Humanae It is influenced by the physical, psychological, emotional, spiritual, social and economic Vitae and suggests Amoris Laetitia environment of the couple. provides couples with more hope. The document identified overpopulation, the costs of rearing and educating children and the storm of protest was unleashed when, on 25 July changing place of women as issues prompting new 1968, Pope Paul VI released Humanae Vitae (HV), and important questions for married couples to A his encyclical written in response to the Pontifical consider. It also expressed fears that contraception Commission on Birth Control. might be used to exploit women and promote The Commission had been set up in 1963 by Pope John XXIII promiscuity, particularly among young people. following the introduction of the first contraceptive pill in 1960. It proposed that some governments might use Pope Paul increased the membership of the Commission from contraception, abortion and sterilisation to promote six to 72. The majority were clerics, together with 13 physicians racist, eugenic or other oppressive policies. It goes

4 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 on to point out that only by social and economic progress Two Different World Views for all will the promotion of true human values be achieved. I think that the lack of communication between the These very important aspects of HV have been restated a magisterium and the faithful was caused by two world views number of times by Pope John Paul II and Popes Benedict talking past each other. The magisterium believed creation and Francis. was hierarchical, eternal and layered — human goodness And these fears have been realised. Forced sterilisation, was obedience to Church laws. But the world view of the one child policies, sexual harassment, exploitation of Western world for the past 150 years has been increasingly women and children, the over-sexualisation of all forms scientific, rational, individualistic and evolving. Many Catholics, of media and the prevalence of pornography are all including priests, found it impossible to believe in a Church that recognised problems today. They are problems that make maintained an unchanging view of God’s law, as if all revelation it difficult for young people — particularly adolescents — to was accomplished. They left the Church in large numbers. know what sexuality can mean at its most profound. Two strands of Catholic moral theology contributed to the state of discord over HV. The traditional strand is deductive, Christians live in this world in the process static, abstract, rational and absolute — so contraception is of becoming whole in Christ. In such a always intrinsically evil and natural law is about particular world the law of love is not a brick wall actions rather than a state of being. Morality consists in conforming to the norms of the Church community. stopping development, but a trellis which The second strand, developed most fully after Vatican allows movement on either side and Council II, is inductive, dynamic, concrete and particular. enables growth upwards towards the light. It suggests that growth in moral maturity is a serious responsibility of each person in faith and the final authority of moral decisions is the individual informed conscience. Debate Over Humanae Vitae This way of understanding has not been developed and well HV boldly pronounces: “No member of the faithful taught. Pope Francis in Amoris Laetitia says of pastors: “We could possibly deny that the Church is competent in her have been called to form consciences, not to replace them.” magisterium to interpret natural law.” But the faithful could and did — in large numbers. Over the next 25 years Hope for the Future? debates raged with in the Church. Many believed the At present there is increasing interest in spirituality and magisterium could not comment on sexuality while it the mystery of human beings. We know the universe is believed that God’s law prevented humans from using their still expanding and evolution is continuing. We have a knowledge to address human concerns. Pope John Paul II new physical understanding of creation as an intimately fuelled the debate by attempting to suppress it, refusing interconnected series of communities from its smallest to to appoint bishops who would not sign a declaration its largest dimensions. Christians live in this world in the supporting HV. By 1980, bishops and priests recognised process of becoming whole in Christ. In such a world the law that the majority of Catholics had rejected the ban on of love is not a brick wall stopping development, but a trellis contraception. But Pope John Paul ignored their requests which allows movement on either side and enables growth for further reflection on the topic at the Synod on the upwards towards the light. Family in 1980. Instead, he reiterated the total ban on This concept was not discernible in the authoritarian contraception — as if the matter were settled. statements in HV but is clearly present in Amoris Laetitia. Pope Francis speaks of love as both self-giving and other- Social Context receiving. He suggests excessive idealism about marriage HV was at odds with the world it existed within. The puts people off rather than supports them. He proposes 1960s and 1970s saw widespread, rapid social change, three words for good relationships — please, thank you with a newfound freedom from social and sexual restraint. and sorry. He encourages couples to make peace before Abortion was legalised in many countries, freeing women going to bed. He also says: “I understand those who from unwanted pregnancies. The final result of these prefer a more rigorous pastoral care which leaves no room freedoms went beyond the separation of sex from for confusion . . . Jesus wants a Church attentive to the reproduction to the separation of sex from faithful, loving goodness which the Holy Spirit sows in the midst of human relationships. weakness.” I agree. How hopeful it is to hear this now in our troubled world. ■ Silencing Catholic Voices The debate over HV led to shutting down discussion about Painting: The Young Holy Family by Daniel Bonnell © sexuality and contraception in the Church. It also led to a Used with permission. wwwbonnellart.com general dismissal of what are valid Catholic concerns about the dehumanising possibilities of some technology. The Anna Holmes, married to John for 50 years, last 40 years have seen an explosion in understanding and now has a great-grandchild. She tutors manipulating fertility — IVF, embryo transfer, surrogate medical students, passing on her mothers, freezing eggs and sperm and selective abortion of experience of 46 years as a GP. genetically abnormal embryos, to name a few.

Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 5 HUMANAE VITAE - A Woman Theologian Reflects

TINA BEATTIE discusses questions arising from the encyclical Humanae Vitae and its significance for women.

n 1968, I was a 13-year-old Overwriting Tradition Experience of Sex in Marriage Presbyterian attending the Dominican Moral theologian Joseph Selling has Humanae Vitae asks us to believe IConvent School in Lusaka, Zambia. spent years studying Church teaching that God intends the human sex My best friend was one of eight children, on marriage and contraception, and act to be, on every single occasion, and she told me that her mother was he concludes that the emphasis on an expression of unifying love and saying a novena for a ninth child. I was the unitive and procreative function potentially procreative as far as natural in awe of this Catholic family who knelt of every sex act, rather than on the circumstances allow. around the living room every night meaning of marriage as a whole, has no But that is not how we experience to say prayers to Mary and who had precedence in tradition. sex. As every married couple knows, a glow-in-the-dark crucifix in every It found its way into magisterial sex can be exquisite, sublime and all the bedroom. I also understood enough of teaching through the theological rest of it, but it can also be humdrum, Catholicism to know that the question writings of former Archbishop Karol disappointing and frustrating, and at of family planning had suddenly acquired Wojtyla, later Pope John Paul II, some point it is likely to become a monumental significance, though it who was a friend of Paul VI and had stumbling block in most marriages, would be many years before I would shared his ideas with him prior to the as we negotiate our different become a Catholic myself and acquire an promulgation of Humanae Vitae (HV). expectations, desires and appetites. insider’s view of these things. Theology of the body has its roots This is true in the best of marriages, When I eventually read Humanae in these early writings of Wojtyla and but in the worst of marriages sexual Vitae, I was surprised by its positive was developed by John Paul II in his intercourse can become a channel for understanding of married sexuality. influential but idiosyncratic catechesis the most extreme forms of violence and I thought that, if one bracketed out on the Book of Genesis. humiliation — usually, but not always, the prohibition against all forms of In its emphasis on sexual for the woman. artificial contraception, the rest of complementarity, “feminine genius” the document offered a beautiful and the essential heterosexuality of Quality of Relationship Primary theology of marriage. the human made in the image of God, This is why the quality of the However, in the course of my theology of the body presents itself as relationship rather than the sex act theological studies I have become a development beyond a hierarchical itself should be the focus of the concerned about both the style and understanding of sexual difference to Church’s theology. The moral worth content of the encyclical, and its a theology of equality in difference. of any sex act must surely derive from continuing negative impact upon the But with its sexual essentialisms and the quality of the relationship as a credibility and coherence of Catholic romantic stereotypes of femininity, whole rather than — as is presently the moral teaching. I will focus on some of many theologians — myself included — case — the logistics of each individual the questions that arise, particularly would argue that it simply perpetuates sex act defining the moral worth of the on its significance for women. the same old hierarchies in a new guise. whole relationship. 6 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 Natural family planning works for and again that the Christian faith responsible procreation”. some couples, but for many others finds its most authentic expression Yet there are still many couples it places a heavy burden upon their when it is animated by solidarity with who believe they are bound by the marriages. I have met women whose those who are vulnerable, poor and teachings of HV. There needs to be pelvic floors have been weakened and exploited. Humanae Vitae has little a clear and authoritative statement whose appetite for sexual pleasure to offer in this respect, particularly that affirms the role of conscience has been destroyed by the physical to women and girls who are at and recognises the complex realities and mental exhaustion of multiple risk of sexual abuse and violence. of sexuality, love and procreation unplanned pregnancies. Rather than encouraging them to — three aspects of human life that For many women, sexual desire protect themselves against unwanted often tragically fail to coincide for is at its strongest when they are pregnancies and sexually transmitted many reasons. fertile, and the need to avoid sex at diseases, HV would condemn such I remember with affection that those times if they do not want to fall women to a lifetime of bearing and large Catholic family I knew as a school pregnant is a cruel imposition which caring for the children of their abusers. girl. Nobody is suggesting that couples hardly strengthens the unitive aspect We might also think of the plight should not practise natural family of sexual love. of migrant workers and those who planning if it can be incorporated Given that strict adherence to work long hours away from home, harmoniously and effectively into their Church teaching also entails avoiding for whom opportunities for married marriages. Nor am I suggesting that non-penetrative forms of sexual sexual intercourse might rarely large families should be condemned pleasure — mutual masturbation, for coincide with the rhythms of natural through a Malthusian concern about example — the burden of frustration family planning. overpopulation. Indeed, a more may be intense. Some tell of their realistic theology of sexuality and reluctance even to touch each other Not Accepted by the Faithful procreation would give the Church a during times when lovemaking is to There is however another important far more credible voice in speaking out be avoided, for fear of arousing their factor in evaluating the magisterial against population control policies that desire. This is hardly a unitive approach authority of HV, and that is the sensus violate human dignity and the right to to sexual love. fidei. This sees the Church’s teaching family life. There is nothing in human tradition as being vindicated and But some of us do not feel that experience or in the natural order authorised by the assent of the whole our God-given abilities and capacities which supports the claim that the community of the faithful — laity, theo- are fully expressed in parenthood. unitive and procreative aspects of logians and bishops — through careful Women today have opportunities for the sex act cannot be separated. The discernment and prayerful practice. education and participation in public unitive aspect of sexual love can be Given that numerous surveys life which were denied to our mothers enhanced when the fear of pregnancy have shown that the vast majority of and grandmothers, and these, too, can is removed, and a woman’s capacity Catholics worldwide practise some be experienced as gifts of God which to conceive is independent of her form of artificial contraception in require careful balancing with the emotional state during sex. defiance of Church teaching, one responsibilities of motherhood. One might argue that, if God can legitimately ask if this teaching We should be able to make moral had clearly intended that these two has been rejected by the faithful decisions in the light of our Catholic aspects should never be separated, it in a way that calls into question its faith, our social responsibility and would have been easy for the female authoritative status. our domestic situations, free from body to evolve a hormonal response the Catholic culture wars fuelled in that would repress fertility in situations Role of Conscience Needs no small part by HV, in which some of rape or lovelessness, so that no child Emphasising seem to regard the control of human would ever be conceived by a woman Many argue that the most problematic sexuality as the defining hallmark of who felt hatred, terror or disgust for aspects of HV are discreetly being faithful Christian discipleship. ■ the man penetrating her. written out of Church teaching by One reason why rape is such Pope Francis. Recent papal writings [The full text of this article is on our a potent weapon of war is that emphasise the importance of website: www.tuimotu.org] it constitutes the most invasive responsible parenthood and the role of and intimate form of territorial personal conscience. In Amoris Laetitia Painting: Family Bliss by Frédéric Bonin- conquest. Across the world, this Francis reminds his fellow bishops Pissarro © Used with permission www.fredericpissarrousa.com violent patriarchal ethos prevails, that “We have been called to form and harrowing stories of rape and consciences, not to replace them”. unwanted pregnancy bear powerful The revised statutes for the Dicastery Tina Beattie, married with four witness to a very different combination of Laity, Family and Life, issued by children, is Professor of Catholic Studies at the University of Francis in May 2018, describe the role of sex and procreation from that of the Roehampton, London and a papal romance of HV. of the dicastery as being to support writer and broadcaster. Pope Francis reminds us time and coordinate “initiatives in favour of

Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 7 Being a MIGRANT CAREGIVER

JOEY DOMDOM, MAYIE PAGALILAUAN and JUDITH SALAMAT share some of the findings from their research into the situation of migrant workers providing care for the aged in New Zealand.

hristine (not her real name), a visa regularly. “My contract expires in the demand. As care for the aged is nurse who worked in a hospital June next year. We hope the contract considered to be a low skilled, low Cin the Philippines for nearly would be renewed so Immigration status vocation it is difficult to attract four years, found that what she earned can extend our visas. I just want to local workers, especially young people. would barely meet the family needs. stay here. I don’t know for how long, She decided to migrate to nurse in but I want to raise my family here.” Migration of Health Workers another country and so provide better Even though Christine is a registered Developed countries recruit and economic opportunities for her family. nurse in the Philippines, her role as attract workers from less developed She applied through agencies and was a caregiver here is considered “low countries, like the Philippines, to cope advised to come to New Zealand as a skilled”. New Zealand has no formal with the demand. This has resulted in visitor and, while here, to have her visa scheme for caregiver migration. She an unprecedented migration of health converted to a work visa. She had to would not qualify and could not apply workers across the world. At the take big loans to pay the agency and for long term residency. forefront of this global phenomenon for “show money” — indicating she is the formal caregiver sector. But it could support herself while in New The Demand is claimed that this sector currently Zealand. Leaving family behind she Christine’s situation is a product of the is poorly understood, marginalised, was convinced she had made the right demand for healthcare workers across unregulated and under researched. decision for their future. the world. The increase of populations The lack of attention the caregiver Soon after arrival Christine looked of aged citizens in many developed sector receives makes it vulnerable for healthcare employment. Through countries is causing the increased to exploitation right from the initial the assistance and referrals of friends reliance on overseas trained health processes migrant workers undertake an aged-care facility provided her with workers like Christine. The ageing in their countries of origin. the possibility of being employed as a population refers to the imbalance in caregiver. She recalls: “The condition the unusual growth in the number of Oversupply was to be in a week-long training as older people and the corresponding In the the 1990s and early 2000s, a volunteer caregiver plus three days number of births per capita. In the Philippine government expanded of orientation. This was while I was New Zealand, people aged over 65 nursing education and migration in waiting for the conversion of my visa years will double in the future. This response to the demand for health and the formal job offer. I wanted demographic change has a significant workers overseas. Nursing schools were work, so I accepted the condition. impact on health services with the established throughout the country The week of training and a day of expected prevalence of chronic illness, and students enrolled with long term orientation were not paid. That’s how disability and co-morbidity. The aspirations of landing an overseas job. I became a caregiver.” demand on funding for health services The Philippines was considered one of Although Christine has been a is said to be increasingly pressured the world’s largest suppliers of nurses. full-time caregiver for the last three and acute, and the domestic supply However, the demand abruptly years she needs to renew her work of health workers is unlikely to meet shifted during the recessions of the

8 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 late 2000s. The number of new nurses reveals that the role of migrant of being together here as a family grew faster than the available hospital caregivers could change depending strengthens me to work hard and positions in the Philippines. In one on the situation on the floor. Migrant face all difficulties.” Christine hopes academic year there were more than workers take on, or are asked to and prays that things will be better: 70,000 newly registered nurses, not assume, responsibilities beyond the “If I need to pray, I just go to the to mention those unsuccessful in the area of care provision. Employers staff room and pray. My family is also licensure exams, and only around find it convenient but it is an praying for me. Prayer is my source of 30,000 hospital nursing positions. exploitative path of saving resources strength. I also involve myself in the This over supply led to the situation at the expense of vulnerable migrant Church aside from going to Mass. It is where nurses wanting to work overseas workers. Christine explains: “I have a way of giving thanks to God for the worked without pay in hospitals in always been rostered to 3-10 pm blessings and the guidance I receive.” order to gain the required experience shift. It is very tiring to be in this shift She intends to take courses to meet for nursing jobs overseas. And where because I have to do most of the cares the required competencies to practise nurses even paid the hospitals to in a 15-bed wing. On top of this, my as a registered nurse here. work and gain experience. While over duties include cleaning and doing the optimism to migrate encouraged many laundry that take an extra 2-3 hours. Vulnerable to become nurses, the result was a great I requested my supervisor for one Central to the phenomenon of number of inexperienced nurses unable morning shift a week so I could rest a the consumption and provision to find nursing jobs and build careers. bit. I did not get a response.” of care for the aged population is Many eventually became caregivers, and the vulnerability of both the aged in some instances domestic helpers, in I view the residents as my residents of healthcare facilities developed countries. grandparents. I miss my and their migrant caregivers. Older family and the residents are people need intensive healthcare and The Reality a substitute to my family. with the pressure on funding and After investing in her costly nursing When the residents are resources, they risk substandard care. education, Christine’s only option was Alternatively, the lack of migration even if it meant not fully abusive, I look at it as a conversation and understanding practising her nursing profession. “I am challenge. I think of caring about the situation of “low-skilled” okay now being a caregiver because for them as looking after my migrant caregivers shields practices I’m able to save and send some money grandparents. that exacerbate marginalisation of this back home,” Christine says. essential but vulnerable group. She takes comfort in the support Another practice that feeds on Church and communities can do of the Filipino community and her the migrants’ vulnerability is allowing much to spread a better understanding Church. “Pinoys (Filipinos) help each them to work for an extensive period of immigration policy, employment other. We share stories. I am not of time. Christine confides: “My and the working conditions of migrant alone. Though we are not really close, permanent shift is 36 hours. I take caregivers among us. ■ we feel connected.” Christine is very as many shifts as I can. If I can grab positive about her work. “I view the 84-85 hours per fortnight then that’s residents as my grandparents. I miss okay. I can save more. I can send more Joey Domdom teaches in the my family and the residents are a money back home.” While workers Master of Professional Practice substitute to my family. When the may be happy with extra money, over- at Whitireia New Zealand and Wellington Institute of residents are abusive, I look at it as a long hours cause risks for both the Technology. challenge. I think of caring for them as residents and the caregivers. looking after my grandparents.” It is important that we acknow- But it can be difficult. Christine ledge, discuss and right these chall- Mayie Pagalilauan is an early and most migrant caregivers are enges and issues. It is too easy for childhood centre manager at confronted with adversities including exploitation and abuse to thrive when Little Earth Montessori Kapiti. She arrived in New Zealand discrimination, verbal and physical they are left. in 2006 abuse, and bullying from co-workers. On her first week at work Christine Source of Strength learned to be vigilant around facility Despite these structural barriers, Judith Salamat is a registered residents. “A resident pulled my hair migrant caregivers strive to settle into Diversional Therapist who works in a residential aged-care — I did not know yet I had to be on New Zealand society through their facility in Kapiti Coast. guard all the time. Physical and verbal resilience and hard work. Regardless attack occurs almost every day. An of the economic and work challenges, internal report is written if we really they feel their future is here. Christine Joey, Mayie and Judith have all experienced get hurt like having bruises.” says: “I have a job and earn more working in aged-care facilities in the A study of the lack of clarity around here than in the Philippines. Though Wellington Region. boundaries and job descriptions New Zealand is far, the possibility

Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 9 Working for Family-Fair Wages

hy aren’t you at school?” From September 2018 the Living quickly that they (or ratepayers) “ “Because Mum says Wage will be $20.55 per hour, which cannot manage. Wthere’s nothing for us to is calculated very carefully to be the As a member of a faith group take for our lunch.” amount needed to live a basic yet (Porirua Anglicans), I know deeply Several years ago, when I was decent life, and to participate in the that my Gospel-based starting point living in another part of the country, community. This is in contrast with is respected by the diverse people I occasionally the children next door the Minimum Wage ($16.50 per hour) campaign and celebrate successes would appear at my door mid-morning which too often means parents have with. I enjoy being asked to lead in on a school day and this would be several poorly-paid jobs and some prayer at our meetings and when the conversation. I longed to be able days children have no school lunches. we go — yet again — to the City to make them lunches and take them A few weeks ago I was at Council. Our Christian faith has down to school to join the other kids, Parliament with three others from spoken strong words about the gap but I knew that would do nothing Living Wage Aotearoa meeting with between rich and poor, and the for the dignity of the parents who Ministers about implementing the indulging in excessive consumption were doing their best on a single Living Wage for all those employed in that contrasts with real poverty. From low income. We would make cheese the Core Public Service. A couple toasties together and they would miss of days earlier, a group of us another day at school. I resolved that attended a Porirua City Council when possible I would do something meeting to ensure progression of about child poverty in our country. their commitment to paying the In late 2014 I returned to live in Living Wage. Again and again, we Porirua. The first Sunday I went to a are seeing the process of stepped new church where in the notices time implementation being driven by at the end of the service we were people of diverse backgrounds told about a forthcoming meeting who want to build relationships of the local Living Wage Network. because of their concern for the With our parish priest I went along dignity and participation of all and discovered that not only is our people in our communities. Anglican Diocese of Wellington a The Living Wage Movement member organisation of Living Wage is sweeping this country and Aotearoa but the Diocesan Office is other parts of the Western also an Accredited Employer! world. Research tells us that Quickly our parish became a paying people adequately makes member organisation, too, and I soon life better for everyone in local attended a five-day national training communities because any event. This was about learning how to increase in household income is spent Pope Leo XIII’s 1891 encyclical Rerum organise a peoples’ movement, based locally. Workers are happier, more Novarum (On Capital and Labour) on the principles of Saul Alinsky. The stable and appreciate their employers through to Pope Francis’s recent trainees were from groups who don’t more. I have heard many workers’ Evangelii Gaudium (The Joy of the always work well together — faith stories of the difference the Living Gospel), Catholic social teaching has traditions, unions and community Wage has made to family life — and called for the right of all workers to groups — the three strands of the I think of the little children who lived receive wages sufficient to provide Living Wage Movement. The focus next door to me. for their families. My own bishop, of our practical sessions was the The Living Wage Movement Justin Duckworth, said in 2015: “As slow but sure (as we are finding is about sustainability because a Church we have to be people who now) process of working with city it is broad-based and because it actually live what we proclaim, and councils to pay the Living Wage to builds deep relationships — often where better to start than with the all their employees — both those where there have been divisions. Living Wage campaign.” employed directly and contracted. Ultimately, it is not just about one You can read more about “The issue. Communities are discovering Living Wage as a Gospel Imperative” Jenny Dawson, Anglican priest, tools to make a difference on issues on https://www.livingwage.org.nz/ spiritual director and supervisor, ■ life partner and parent, paints that matter locally. It is a responsible information_sheets. and plays in Pukerua Bay, movement because it is being Porirua City, though her realistic in not asking City Councils heart is in Te Wai Pounamu. or other employers to take big steps

10 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 JENNY DAWSON and TRISH MCBRIDE explain the Living Wage Movement and the training for negotiating wages workers can live on comfortably.

he Hamilton bus drivers, with that a decent society is one whose backgrounds to the group at the the support of their union, were structures do not limit people and beginning of the course. The tangata Ton strike to demand the Living whose citizens do not humiliate each whenua present recognised this as Wage of $20.55 per hour — the 2018 other.” And “We’re trying to create what they already do: acknowledging figure which will ensure a sufficient these kinds of relationships, networks relationship before getting on with income to cover workers’ most basic and organisations to teach people how business is an important aspect of expenses: accommodation, food, to build bridges across race, language, whakawhanaungatanga. This can be transport, medical and childcare. It religion, culture and economic status, an unusual initial component in Pākehā “enables workers to live with dignity to build trust and act together on the business meetings. Some of us came and to participate as active citizens in issues we want to work on.” away planning to incorporate this into society”. The figure is established yearly Maribeth grew up in an involved our organisation. by independent research of the Family parish family where Catholic social Because the training was broad- Centre Social Policy unit. teaching made sense. She entered the based, not confined to LWM processes The Living Wage Movement Sisters of Social Service in 1970, part- and strategy, we could apply it in any Aotearoa New Zealand (LWM) way through her social work studies. context. One exercise got the people was launched in This Benedictine-based Congregation from each strand together. The rest of Wellington and was founded by a remarkable us had to ponder what we had been Auckland in 2012. Hungarian woman, Sister Margaret learning so we could critique our own Other regions Slachta (1884-1974), whose mission institution. And then come up with a followed. With shared statement was: “Go out of the desert do-able next step to improve matters. values of justice and and into the centre of life. We are to We learned about the Organising respect for all, people be pioneers for a better world, working Cycle and its progression. Listening/ from three strands — for social reform, not through decrees Relating (individuals and small unions, faith-based imposed by power but through renewal groups); Discerning issues together; and community of the spirit from within.” and Planning, Acting/Negotiating; organisations — Early in parish work Maribeth Evaluating and Celebrating — then came together to distributed food and other essentials repeat! And the key concepts of raise awareness of to the needy but came to recognise activism — like the Iron Rule (never do the consequences a different calling — to empower anything for anyone they can do for of low incomes on people to change unjust structures for themselves), research, power analysis individuals and their themselves, helping them discover the and negotiations. communities, and shared values and power of working Finally, we practised a negotiations to train workers in on common concerns with others from scenario with teams of four “employers” discovering their different backgrounds. In other words, and “employees” bargaining towards political power. equipping them with a fishing rod, not a Living Wage deal. We came away I attended training led by dynamic simply giving a fish. empowered by what we had learned, Sister Maribeth Larkin. She is a member The social justice I learned in the and better able to recognise our of the Los Angeles Sisters of Social Catholic context is deeply important to common values and passion with many Service, a qualified social worker, and me and I was privileged to learn some different “others”. is currently working for the Industrial key understandings during Maribeth’s The online list of Living Wage Areas Foundation to support organising sessions. employers in New Zealand includes in Australia, New Zealand and the First, Maribeth identified the Anglican, Methodist and Presbyterian United States. crucial basis for group action as parishes and organisations, but so far Maribeth assists institutional intentional, relational conversations no Catholic ones. leaders from Churches, synagogues, in all organisational contexts. This If you are willing to help move schools and unions to develop requires sitting together for one-on-one this campaign along to further justice relational power and engage in a conversations to establish relationship and the dignity of hard-working Kiwis process of practical democracy. and common values. This is mandatory contact: www.livingwage.org.nz ■ She teaches ordinary people how for all in leadership roles in order to to shape and influence public policy maintain the energy and effectiveness around issues including the increase of their organisation. Wellington writer Trish McBride of wages and benefits, healthcare Maribeth also stressed the is a retired counsellor and spiritual director. She identifies availability and education reform. importance of personal connecting as post-denominational and Maribeth cites Avishai Margalit’s The before group meetings. We each belongs to St Andrew’s on Decent Society (1996): “The thesis is introduced ourselves and our the Terrace.

Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 11 hy did I become a Catholic? I’ve never Wfound my answer to this question completely satisfactory. It may as well be asked why I became human? To either query I’d have to reply that I don’t recall the condition as a decision, so much as something I woke up to. I do remember a small joke I made with the priest who interviewed me and inquired why I wanted to join the Church. It was a legitimate question, given that I’d been a Baptist clergyman, and a lecturer in Practical Theology at New Zealand Baptist College. Here I was, knocking on the door of the Catholic Cathedral in Dunedin, seeking admission. I suppose he wanted to know what journey had led me to his presbytery. “Well,” I replied. “I decided that if I was going to be associated with institutional scandal, I might as well come to the mother of them all.” It was a pointed answer, given that we were seated in the former home of the Christian Brothers. Fortunately for me, the young priest laughed at my audacity. He led me in the rite of reconciliation. My penance was to go out into the world and be grateful for the beauty of it.

Influence of James K Baxter I blame James K Baxter for many things. I’d been reading his poetry and mystical writings for years. He was the one who compared Catholicism to a chestnut, demanding that one get bloody fingers finding a way past the outer spikes to get at the nut of love. As a former cleric, I understood that well. Very subtly, Baxter had been beckoning me to the heart of a Reasons of the Heart deeper faith. MIKE RIDDELL shares why he chose Feeling at Home I came to my first Mass as to become a Catholic 21 years ago. an outsider. The same young

12 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 priest was presiding, and began the We Are Church had I not been living in New Zealand, service with a call for us to share the Personally, I wasn’t educated or which is a satisfactory distance from peace among ourselves. A woman indocrinated into the faith. It wasn’t Rome. Over my early years in the in front of me turned and took my the stellar pronouncements of the faith I bore the scandal of the Church hand apologetically. “I’m sorry about magisterium that beckoned me. It in a visceral way, fulfilling my prior this,” she said. “We’re not usually was the people, the people, the prophecy. But I couldn’t be bothered this friendly.” I was immediately people. The kindness, the acceptance, leaving, because that would hand entranced. It seemed to me a the brokenness, the humanity, the the game over to the institutional refreshing honesty after years of false humility — these were the qualities deathmongers. Christian bonhomie. that won me over. And I include the And then along came Francis. For My wife (who had been born into priests who helped ease me into my the first time in my exploration of a Catholic home) and I were invited new home. these ancient halls of religion, I began to a dinner with the then Bishop, Len Nor was it doctrinal to feel the fresh wind of the Spirit. It Boyle. We shared whisky together, enlightenment. I wasn’t turning seemed to me a reprising of Vatican and he entertained us with his history from the darkness to the light. II, where John XXIII is reported to of growing up in Southland where his Neither the Assumption of Mary nor have said: “I want to throw open the parents owned a pub in Nightcaps. transubstantiation were compelling windows of the Church so that we All this earthiness and humour made factors in my shift of allegiance. can see out and the people can see me feel that these were my people I glanced them in my peripheral in.” I warmed to Francis the moment — that I was not so much joining a vision as one does when noticing a he asked us to pray for him. denomination as being welcomed into flattened possum on the tarmac. All We still await the spring rains, a tribe of sorts. of these denominational struggles for when women will be priests, the ownership of the truth seem to me eucharist unchained, the power Room for All like children’s games. structures spiked, and the safety of Let’s be frank. The process of following Christ demands association I claim my identity as one of the faithful, and refuse to with the wider community who are attempting the same thing. Some of either surrender it or have it taken from me. We, the these are more congenial than others. people, are the Church. Her sins are our sins, her hopes One of those I encountered in my are our hopes. May we celebrate the messy nature of early days of Catholicism thoughtfully gave me a fundamentalist book who we are, never failing to imagine further healing. entitled Rome, Sweet Rome. It was the religious equivalent of Mein Kampf for I suppose I should mention that children and other victims enshrined. disciples. But I was stuck with him as I’d been drummed out of Baptist These are dreams to be carried in the a fellow Catholic. circles because of the publication heart, harboured over generations. The word “catholic” with its of a novel I wrote while working at But there’s currently a crack in the subtext of embracing all appealed to the theological college. I was deeply stone edifice, and the hope that light me, even if it hasn’t been universally hurt by this, because I didn’t want to might shine through. practised. I liked to watch the people accept a chasm between my art and Looking back over 21years as a stumbling back from receiving my faith. In my mind it became an card-carrying Catholic, I have few communion — a motley bunch if ever honourable discharge, allowing me to regrets. I claim my identity as one I’d seen one. A good number would pursue my career as a writer without of the faithful, and refuse to either head straight out the back door, having to be apologetic about it. surrender it or have it taken from me. desperate for a ciggy. There was As a Catholic, I was welcomed – We, the people, are the Church. Her no hiding the fact that we were all words and all. My new surrounding sins are our sins, her hopes are our sinners of one sort or another. family appeared to celebrate art hopes. May we celebrate the messy Being part of the institutional rather than fear it. My intuition is nature of who we are, never failing to Church is not quite the necessary that the sacramental life encourages imagine further healing. ■ compulsion it once was. I would guess a broad appreciation of beauty and that a large number of readers who the symbolic. The encouragement to Painting: Modern hand-painted icon of are parents have children who feel no see the mystery within the mundane the Trinity from Romania need for it. This doesn’t mean they are flowers into an openness to hidden “outside the fold”. So long as they feel meaning in the ordinary — the very connected to us and follow their own essence of artistic endeavour. Mike Riddell writes novels, path of growth and spirituality, who plays, films and apology notes. He cooks when he can and can question them? They’re Catholic Encouragement and Fresh Hope breathes intentionally on a in the sense that’s the Church they I doubt whether I could have daily basis. don’t attend. sustained my Catholicism so naturally

Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 13 aving felt God’s call into ministry and having that call Haffirmed by the Presbyterian Church of Aotearoa New Zealand, in 2003 our family left all that was familiar in Cannons Creek, Porirua and A Call In embarked on a journey to Dunedin. My husband and I had both been accepted to train for Presbyterian Church ministry. Some people thought the Dark we were crazy leaving our jobs, families and support systems behind and taking our three children to a different city — a colder one at that. Night In 2006 I graduated from the School of Ministry. In February 2007 I was called to a part-time Stated Supply ministry at the Otago Peninsula Presbyterian Parish and then later that same year the Otago Peninsula Presbyterian Parish (OPPP) called me to be their full-time minister of Word and Sacrament.

New Minister and Diminishing Community ALOFA LALE reflects on her For eight years we ministered journey through a painful period together as a Church family. We were committed to making Jesus of her life in ministry. Christ known. However, as the years went by our numbers began to dwindle as some parishioners died, a few left the area At the same time, I was clear that I believe Jesus has been for work and many became frail and God’s call to be the minister at OPPP with me every step of the unable to attend services. Our youth was still in my heart whether we were work and mission to the community few or many. way and will continue to was not translating to more, excuse So what happens when the be with me always. my language, “bums on pews”. We “harvest is plentiful and the workers were losing members. Although we are few”? Would this be happening if I was not were attracting a few new members Tiredness and a sense of Samoan and not a woman? I offered to — and I was excited about this — one pessimism began to creep in. After resign so that the church could remain or two members of the congregation what felt like endless meetings a and grow with another minister. I was thought they were the wrong kind of decision was made to dissolve the told that it had nothing to do with me people. Yet, they were the vulnerable, OPPP, and on 19 April 2015 I led my and that the combination of dwindling seeking a place to belong, and the last service as the minister. numbers, dwindling finances and very ones that Jesus calls us to In hindsight, I can see that it didn’t earthquake-prone buildings meant that minister to. really take that long to dissolve the we could not continue to carry on. With fewer members the bulk of worshiping congregation once the I remember after our dissolution the ministry fell on fewer shoulders. It mind had been made up. But in this attending a service at a local was becoming increasingly hard to do instance the heart was a hindrance Presbyterian church and being asked the work without the physical support to progressing the decision. I had to what it felt like to be the minister who needed to run a Church. The average disengage my heart from the process had closed down one of the oldest age of the congregation was 70. and engage with my head. Presbyterian churches in Dunedin. I Some members found it quickly left after the service because increasingly hard to find meaning Into the Dark Night I didn’t want to add any epithets — to in a congregation that they saw as I had a huge sense of self-doubt and be the emotional, weeping minister dying before their very eyes. A few in failure at the time. I thought the who had closed down one of the oldest our congregation were vocal in their OPPP was dissolving because of me. Presbyterian churches in Dunedin. doom and gloom. I had painful thoughts of inadequacy. Although, everyone who knows me

14 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 would go into Wendy’s office upbeat and happy and leave with a tear -stained face after having let it all out in the safety of that space. Other times it would be the opposite. Without Wendy’s ear and heart, I would not be where I am today.

New Call, New Dawn God must have thought that I had my prayers on repeat during that time because that was all that was on my playlist. Dear God and Dear God over and over again. Then God threw me a pitch from way out left field. After a year of wandering in the wilderness doing some teaching, preaching here and there and picking up a part-time Stated Supply in Dunedin South, God sent me an answer to my repeated prayers. I saw the position for Mission Coordinator at Mercy Hospital Dunedin advertised in Jora job alerts. I read the Job Description and thought: “I can do that.” I applied for the position and I got it. When he offered me the job, the CEO asked how I would feel working for a Catholic organisation. I said that I could see no problems — after all, we all seek to serve Jesus Christ. I said knows that I am prone to bouts of hay Some ask how I maybe the question should be asked fever any time of the year. managed to get through of the Catholic community. Richard said: “We have, and the ones we have Questions Echoing in the Dark this painful time in my asked are all good with it.” I replied: Some ask how I managed to get life. It was not easy and “Then I am all good with it, too.” through this painful time in my life. I still reflect on that time It was not easy and I still reflect Jesus With Me Every Step on that time and wonder if there and wonder if there was “I can do all things in Christ who was anything I could have done anything I could have strengthens me” (Phil 4:13). A painful differently. Should I have dug my done differently. time in my life has been like a blink heels in and not cooperated with the of an eye because I have felt the process? I asked myself, what would to save the Church would bring in strength of the Lord in my very being. that achieve? I decided that staying thousands. We had done that in With the Lord nothing is impossible. and fighting would have caused more Porirua. But the same mentality This I believe because Jesus has been heartache for all concerned and it cannot be transferred that easily with me every step of the way and really was not my fight. The majority from congregation to congregation. will continue to be with me always. had spoken and the die was cast. As far as my family was concerned God is good! All the time! God is My family learned to walk on everything was fine. I didn’t want to good! eggshells around me during the whole worry them and I carried on, one foot Soifua ma Ia manuia. ■ dissolution process. I didn’t really in front of the other, one day at a time. share my feelings with them. I didn’t want them to feel any animosity Crucial Support towards the Church because their All Presbyterian ministers are required Rev Alofa Lale was born in mother was losing her job. to undergo supervision as part of their Wellington and has three children. In a Pacific context, the focus ministry. I could not have got through Alofa is the Mission Coordinator would have been on solving the this dark time in my life without my at Mercy Hospital in Dunedin. problem. Just one fundraising project supervisor’s support. Many times I

Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 15 When Morning Comes When morning comes Darkness slips to memory And night-held fears dissolve into the light And all around a new day starts appearing Stretching out across the board of hope I am alive and blessed for one more journey Till evening comes The day belongs to me

When morning comes Dark is left abandoned The kiss of daylight breaks the spell of night And dreams recede as on an ebbing tide Your step is light your path so very clear Unafraid you make the day your friend Till evening comes With shadows once again

When morning comes Like no morning ere before it With shafts of light to pierce the dark of night We rise as one excited and together On wings of light we soar beyond the stars We are the hope that blesses all tomorrows When morning comes And evening is no more

— James B Lyons

Photo by Takashi Yanagisawa in Unsplash.

16 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 17 What I Value Most Now from My Catholic Education

uring my schooling I wasn’t mainstream subjects – it was just Esther Robinson is working as a particularly aware that my what we did. It wasn’t until I reached Ministerial Advisor in Deducation was specifically university that I realised the depth Parliament. She went Catholic as I didn’t know any different. and breadth my Catholic education to Catholic primary Although Religious Education was provided me. For instance, I had an and secondary schools in Gisborne a significant part of the curriculum I awareness of a variety of religions, and has an MPols. was taught, I didn’t view the subject not just Catholicism. I had an as any different from my other appreciation for basic philosophical

friends I have made over the years — Callum MacLeod, a t’s hard to write about what I psychology student value the most about my Catholic people of many different faiths and at Otago University, education and upbringing as it has walks of life — I can gather an image is interested in I always been such a large part of my of the values I learned that have music, driving, TV shows and human growing up. It’s hard to imagine a life made me, in turn, who I am. You see, behaviour. without it. However, by looking at the by looking at the friendships I have

Georgia West is come from a loving family of fostered in our education — each married to Stefan Catholic faith. My brother and of us is a kind person and we are all and works for ACC. sister and a lot of my extended hospitable. She is renovating I family went to Catholic schools — I didn’t really love the school their home in Ngaruawahia and something that is a privilege. My work at Sacred Heart Girls’ School assists with the parents, aunties, uncles, cousins in Hamilton — but I did love the College rugby teams. and my siblings all have something extracurricular activities it provided, in common from our family life and particularly the opportunity to be

y first thought about what But perhaps what stuck out Cavaan Wild is completing a law I gained from my Catholic the most was when she said: “a and arts conjoint Meducation was an overriding fascination and talent with words degree at Victoria guilt, superstitions and a ban on meat born out of the rich language within University. He is on Fridays. Catholic ritual. And a bottom line of looking forward to starting work next So, I asked my Mum. And she goodness.” year and being able said a lot of things in the space of a I went to a Catholic primary to read something few texts. “A mandate to care about school. We fed some of our students, that isn’t cases or people. To build a life based on we couldn’t afford sports equipment. academic articles. virtues. To think about the common Even as children, the practical good.” importance of caring for each other

Hannah Bergin attended Marist College for seven immediate group of friends. There was finished at Marist years and many of the valuable a strong sense of connection between College in 2011, lessons and experiences I learnt year levels. I value this experience then studied a law I there still serve me today. There because it taught me it is possible and arts conjoint at Auckland University. was a strong sense of community at to connect with a huge variety of She now lives in Marist. We were always encouraged different people from different Wellington and loves to extend our network beyond our backgrounds, and the importance of exploring this new city.

18 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 We asked a group of young adults to write about What I Value Most Now from what they value most from their education in My Catholic Education Catholic Schools at this time in their lives.

questions. I understood symbolism is the value of social justice. Viewing remains after one had forgotten what in art and culture. I could analyse political, social and economic issues one has learnt in school. In this sense, religious conflict in an informed through the lens of the social justice I may not be able to quote scripture way due to a basic understanding principles I was taught at my Catholic or remember every Station of the of historical and biblical context. school followed me through my Cross, but my Catholic education, However, what I value most from my tertiary education and into my career specifically social justice principles, Catholic education, something that I path. Albert Einstein talks about have remained embedded in my moral perhaps didn’t appreciate at school, education as being something that compass and this I highly value. ■

formed, I can easily say that these are This makes forming friendships easy. I’ve lived in flats with the people I got the most important part of my life. My Respect is given, not earned, and to know during my school education Catholic education has taught me just I have found that this respect has so I know these friendships and more how precious each individual person been given back time and time again. will always last, if respect is given. ■ is, that all lives are equal and in turn, The values I have been taught are a all people should be treated equally. baseline for how I treat other people.

involved in Young Vinnies (St Vincent to cherish in my adult life, especially supporting young peoples’ sports. de Paul). Being able to provide a in the everydayness of life. It is My husband and I are currently caring hand for those struggling and what prompted me to work in areas expecting our first child — a wee girl in need really taught me to value where careful listening and making due at the end of August this year. people, the meaning of true empathy a difference, especially for families Before we even fell pregnant we and most importantly, to be kind to finding it hard to cope, is important. knew that our child would be getting everyone. Practising Catholic values, And also it has led me to become the same thing we did — a Catholic I realise, will be something I continue a volunteer at the SPCA and in education.■

was an imperative. After all, how can Yes and back again, sir. for a Mum made me an inescapable children be children if they go hungry? What I gained from my Catholic disciple of the metaphor. God helps How could children be happy if they education: a compulsion to do all the those who help themselves. That had no-one to play with? good I can, by all the people I can. might be Protestant. But Catholicism In Year 13 English we read a book That eventually, like everyone else was always more guidelines than called, How Many Miles to Babylon? It I’ll die, reaching Babylon in hopefully strict rhetoric. It doesn’t matter if gets its name from a nursery rhyme more than fourscore and ten years. the arms holding you are tattooed, quoted as: And in that time, far better I use it for scarred and beaten. The embrace is How many miles to Babylon? something gainful, making the most of everything. ■ Fourscore and ten, sir. the candlelight. Metaphors. Catholic Will I get there by candlelight? education and an English teacher

forging strong personal connections The importance of social justice and a responsibility to serve the needs of with those around me. The strong of being “other-centred” rather than others and to use our individual skills community at Marist made for a “self-centred” was an important value to assist others. Coming to learn and fulfilling and rewarding experience at that extended into all our classes at understand the significance of social school. Secondly, I highly value the school. I learned that a community justice is what I value most from my emphasis that was placed on social is always stronger when individuals Catholic education. ■ justice during my Catholic education. look out for one another. We all have

Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 19 Completing GOD’S WORK

KATHLEEN RUSHTON points to actions and words. The first four verses are an introduction: Where? Who? When? Why? significant aspects of John 6:1-21 that link the feeding story with Where? A new place is introduced. Jesus goes “to the other side of the reason for Jesus’s ministry the Sea of Galilee”, also described as the “Sea of Tiberias” and our own living. here (Jn 6:1) and after the resurrection (Jn 21:1). Why does the Evangelist so name the sea and the city of Tiberias (Jn he Fourth Evangelist begins with a prologue (John 6:23) in the only references to them in the New Testament? 1:1-18) which inserts Jesus, imaged as the Word and Between 17-20 CE, Herod Antipas (4 BCE-39 CE) built TWisdom Sophia, into God’s work of ongoing creation. Tiberias on its waterfront location. He was the first local God’s ongoing work threads throughout in words and ruler of Galilee for centuries and the son of Herod the phrases — the works of Jesus are to those on the fringes of Great. He named this new administrative capital after society and religion. These fringe-dwellers included those the Roman Emperor Tiberias. The reign of Antipas was a ignorant of the Torah (Jn 7:49); the physically marginalised time of relative political peace. Galilee developed into a (the sick man by the pool Jn 5:1-15; the beggar born blind small, prosperous Jewish kingdom where collusion existed Jn 9:1-41); the geographically marginalised (the official Jn between Herodian rule and the provincial aristocracy. 4:46-54; and the woman of Samaria Jn 4:4-42). Being attentive to clues found in the Prologue when Who? we hear the Gospel proclaimed from John 6, on the last “A large crowd kept following him” (Jn 6:2). Jesus Sunday of July and for all the Sundays of August, helps us disappeared in the Jerusalem crowd (Jn 5:13). Now, a to be aware of the spirituality Jesus lived, and with him, to new set of characters enters: a crowd from Galilee. The complete the works of God in our time. founding of Tiberias and the giving of land to its inhabitants John 6 divides into two parts. The first tells of the meant local people were displaced and there was pressure feeding of a large crowd (Jn 6:1-15) and a boat trip (Jn on landowners to break up small holdings. The fast- 6:16-22). The second records a long discourse (Jn 6:22-71). developing Herodian economy of Galilee affected the The feeding of the five thousand, found in all four Gospels, lives of the marginalised crowd — tax collectors, peasants, is shaped differently in the Fourth Gospel: location, timing, lepers, the sick, small farmers, labourers, widows, women,

Kathleen Rushton RSM lives in Sunday, 29 July Ōtautahi Christchurch where, in the sight of Roman Lectionary, 17th Sunday Ordinary Time – John 6:1-15. the Southern Alps and the hills, she continues to delight in learning and Revised Common Lectionary, 10th Sunday After Pentecost – writing about Scripture. John 6:1-21

20 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 children. They were Jews living under Roman occupation. the meal. Reclining was the customary position for eating. They were mostly poor, earning their living on land, The references to “a great deal of grass” and having “as sea or by trade. All had a collective history of exile and much as they want” evoke Psalm 23:1-2: “The Lord is my deportation, of being ruled by other nations, of working shepherd, I shall not want. He makes me lie down in green day and night and paying huge taxes in society from which pastures.” The reader is prepared for the declaration of they did not benefit. Jesus later: “I am the good shepherd” (Jn 10:11).

When? Gather the Fragments Passover time is the context of the beginning of the After Jesus had given thanks (eucharistein), he distributed ministry of Jesus (Jn 2:13) as well as his arrest, trial and the bread himself. This recalls the Last Supper stories execution (Jn 11:55-19:14) and also of John 6. This festival where Jesus acts in this sequence: he took the loaves, gave was one of three when all Israelite males were commanded thanks (eucharistein) and distributed them. Provision for to go on pilgrimage to Jerusalem (Deuteronomy 16:16). all gathered and some left over is a recurring description This week-long spring festival celebrated the Exodus (Ex of biblical meals. God says to Elisha: “Give it to the people 12:1-18) and is associated with liberation and with God’s and let them eat … they shall eat and have some left.” In salvation past and future. the Exodus wilderness feeding, they gathered 12 baskets of left-over manna. The Greek words for fragments and The Why of Where, Who and When gather were used in the early Church when speaking of So why does the crowd near Tiberias seek out Jesus Eucharistic fragments. at Passover time? During changing times, maybe, the According to the Food and Agricultural Organisation of marginalised crowd could not afford to make the journey the United Nations, about one-third of the food produced to Jerusalem for the Passover. They came to Jesus who in the world for human consumption gets wasted or lost preached and healed in the countryside. He avoided the every year. What can Christian communities learn from the cities of Tiberias and Sepphoris. Change occurs not only spirituality of Jesus to complete the works of God when through money and markets but when a change of values he directed his disciples to gather up the surplus so that means people and resources are exploited for profit rather nothing is lost? What can the Christian community learn than for providing what is needed for subsistence. The about caring for the landscape when the Gospel says the works of Jesus resist the changing values and attitudes place was cleaned up and restored to how it was found? ■ represented by the rise of Sepphoris and Tiberias. He adapts the Wisdom and Exodus traditions to a new Painting: The Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes (La multiplicité situation in a prophetic critique of the ways things were. des pains) by James Tissot. Brooklyn Museum.

Wisdom Sophia By John 6, Jesus is established as Wisdom Sophia who ROHINGYA invites her people to “come eat of my bread” (Proverbs 9:5). The Fourth Gospel has no Eucharist institution narrative, so APPEAL John 6 is seen as the counterpart of Last Supper accounts of Matthew, Mark and Luke. Jesus takes the initiative. On whose behalf? The marginalised. Jesus “looked up and saw a large crowd” and then asked Philip where they might “buy bread for these people to eat” (Jn 6:5-6). The word used for “buy” in their conversation comes from the word for the market place, agora. Andrew noticed a boy with five barley loaves and two REFUGE FOR THE fish. Barley was the food of the poor and slaves, and was also fed to animals. The barley loaves evoke Elisha feeding a ROHINGYA multitude (2 Kings 4:42-44). The word “bread” back then, as today, meant both bread and food in general. Behind “bread” Your Donations Doubled in all its senses is the hard work and the self-giving of men $1 given = $2 to shelter, feed, and and women to provide for families. In ordinary life, meal and protect those in desperate need sacrifice are linked. Bread in its particular and widest sense comes from the soil and water that irrigates it. All donations (up to $250,000) will be matched dollar Jesus’s words and actions echo the Passover for dollar by the New Zealand Aid Programme. deliverance from slavery in Egypt and God feeding the To donate please call people with manna and quail (Ex 16) in the spring. The cycle of the seasons connects with the Passover. So, at that 0800 22 10 22 time, the Galilean hills would have been covered with lush or give online grass and wild flowers. Jesus gives directions to “make the www.caritas.org.nz/donate people sit down,” using a word meaning to stretch out for

Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 21 Goodness and Sincerity of Heart ELAINE WAINWRIGHT introduces the Book of he First Reading for the Thirteenth Sunday in Ordinary Wisdom and points to how wise living today TTime (1 July 2018) is from the involves caring for all life — Wis 1:1, 6-7, Book of Wisdom and it is eclectic: three verses from Chapter 1 (Wis 12-15; 2:23-24. 1: 13-15) and two verses from the second chapter (Wis 2: 23-24). This Wis 1:1 Love righteousness, you rulers of the earth, prompted me to be a little more think of God in goodness expansive and choose seven verses and seek God with sincerity of heart; . . . from Wisdom 1 and the two verses Wis 1:6 For wisdom is a kindly spirit, . . . from Wisdom 2. I want to have a 12 Do not invite death by the error of your life, more representative piece of text or bring on destruction by the works of your hands; so that I might introduce you to the 13 because God did not make death, Wisdom literature. And I want the and does not delight in the death of the living. chosen text to enable us to explore 14 For God created all things so that they might exist; how Wisdom writings provide a rich the generative forces of the world are wholesome, resource for ecological reading. and there is no destructive poison in them, and the dominion of Hades is not on earth. Types of Writing in Old 15 For righteousness is immortal. Testament 16 But the ungodly by their words and deeds summoned death; . . . Readers of Israel’s scriptures, known Wis 2:23 for God created us for incorruption, by Christians as the Old Testament, and made us in the image of God’s own eternity, are familiar with the different 24 but through the devil’s envy death entered the world, types of writing within it. So much and those who belong to the devil’s company experience it. is “historical”, tracing the story of

22 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 the covenant relationship between in goodness and seek God with readers with the expansive claim that God and Israel. To this is added the sincerity of heart. This is another way “God did not make death” nor does voices of Israel’s prophets speaking of inviting us into the right ordering God “delight in the death of the living” God’s challenges and promises to the that is of God and can be discerned — of anyone or anything living in the nation. And there are 150 psalms — through a lens of goodness and cosmos. Wisdom 1:14-15 closes this the nation’s book of prayer. Probably sincerity of heart. And at this point short invocation with a vision of hope the least known are the Wisdom of the unfolding of the universe, for the human community informed writings, the latest collection to be such “goodness” that is of God must by an ecological imperative: added to Torah, History and Psalms. include not only the human realm but They are unique, rising from the also the other-than-human. . . . God created all things so that reflection on life of the sages — wise they might exist; ones of Israel. The Book of Wisdom We know that today the generative forces of the was written around the first or second world are wholesome, century BCE. It personifies Wisdom wisdom must extend and there is no destructive as female and sings her praises as beyond the human poison in them well as calls readers to right living. It realm. The one who . . . righteousness [God’s functions well, therefore, as a text to right ordering] is immortal. be read ecologically. is “wise” is not only a lover of humanity but Wisdom’s sage is attentive also Wisdom Speaking to All of Us of the entire cosmos. to what is destructive of this right The opening verse of the Book of ordering, recognising that “the Wisdom (Wis 1:1) singles out one We can acclaim wisdom ungodly by their words and deeds group of readers: you rulers of the as a “universal spirit” summon death” (Wis 1:16). earth. We will extend the book’s readers/recipients far beyond this personifying such love. Invitation to Reflect exclusive, hierarchical and generally The reading closes with Wis 2:23- male-gendered group. An ecological In Wis 1:6, we hear the 24, a climax to our ecological perspective might lead us to name exclamation, “wisdom is a kindly interpretation. Wis 2:23 invites us, the recipients in this verse simply as spirit!”, and further exploration reveals the cosmic community of all that is, “earthlings” (those of and on Earth) that the Greek word philanthropos into God’s eternity. However, the and to hear the sage’s opening call: used in this phrase means literally final verse reminds readers of the Love righteousness, you earthlings. “love of the human one” (kindly). presence of death that the sage “Righteousness” is a key virtue in However, we know that today wisdom attributes to the work of the devil. Israel’s scriptures, especially in the call must extend beyond the human But an ecological reader can bring of the prophets and the prayers of the realm. The one who is “wise” is not a particular perspective on these psalmist (eg, Psalm 37). It is the right only a lover of humanity but of the final verses beyond that of the sage: ordering of relationships not only entire cosmos. Unfortunately, there both life and death may, indeed, be within the human community (“they is no Greek word for this cosmic love part of the cosmic processes that shall be kept safe forever” (Ps 37:28a) (as there is for love of the human) but are unfolding in our extraordinary but with the other-than-human: “the we can acclaim wisdom as a “universal universe and both can be celebrated. righteous shall inherit the land and spirit” personifying such love. Wisdom’s sage is indeed a rich source live in it forever” (Ps 37:29). of reflection for the ecological reader We will always need to engage Avoid Causing Death of the biblical text. ■ critically with righteousness or Wisdom 1:12 –14 yields very readily right ordering in different times and to an ecological reading shaped by an different places. For contemporary expanded consciousness. The death ecological readers, right ordering will and destruction that the sage calls to Painting: #411 by Bjorn Richter, Norwegian be informed by what we now know of readers’ attention will be perceived painter, sculptor, designer and writer © human dis-order in relation to Earth as more expansive than that afflicting Used with permission. www.bjornrichter.no — our exploitation of water resources, the human community. Wisdom “The sales of my work help me continue my (often idealistic) work for our planet. I began our pollution of the oceans, our calls her readers/hearers to avoid expressing my concern in painting in 1974 — destruction of species and our lack of inviting death by the error of their probably the first artist to do this.” awareness and attention to ecological lives. We can understand that as the imperatives, like recycling. death of sea creatures choked by the Elaine Wainwright is a plastics in our oceans, pollution and biblical scholar specialising Seek Goodness and Sincerity destruction by pesticides and other in eco-feminist interpretation As we read on as Earthlings invited toxic chemicals in some of the planet’s and is currently writing to love right ordering, we encounter richest lands and waterways. a Wisdom Commentary on Matthew’s Gospel. a further invitation: think of God The sage challenges her ecological

Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 23 Waking Up to Our WASTEFULNESS

e live in an “easy come, pockets they’re hurting when they went hungry that very same night. easy go” kind of world, throw away food: at the same time, Given this sorry state of affairs, it’s Wwhere, as long as you can one in every 14 Kiwis is unsure of encouraging to see a few initiatives pay for it, everything is expendable. where their next meal is coming from. directly attempt to balance the scales. It’s no surprise then that waste has Meanwhile, in Australia our landfills OzHarvest, an Australian organisation, become a natural byproduct of this receive almost nine million tonnes of has become a go-between, taking mass-producing world: a minor sin, a food waste each and every year. In food that would otherwise be wasted victimless crime. fact, per capita, we rank as one the by supermarkets and others and While waste, of course, permeates world’s most wasteful nations. It’s seeing that it finds those with empty all corners of life, nowhere is it more gotten so bad that Australia actually stomachs. If you’re not at risk of going apparent (read: abhorrent) than when rejects 86 out of every 100 tomatoes it hungry you can still shop at their it comes to food. produces based on appearance alone. supermarket with the proceeds helping We’ve seen a recent glut of Think about that for just a second. those in need. Their branches in New television programmes glamourising What other industry could justify, Zealand, the UK and soon South Africa the act of cooking and dining, but much less survive, letting the vast demonstrate the need is global. these programmes don’t deal with majority of what it produces go to But supermarkets and consumers the realities of food. We gush about waste for no real reason at all? And are slow to change. With the human our love of food and cooking but yet the food industry lets most of population swelling to almost 10 evidently our adoration only extends what it produces go to rot. billion by 2050, there will be yet to the act of eating. We’re not Of course, this is not an issue at more mouths to feed and even fewer interested in where our food comes the barn door. Farmers know what resources to do so. from. How much we throw out they produce is good and edible. We simply don’t have time to barely registers. It’s become mindless Supermarkets, however, don’t agree — remain set in our wasteful ways. For consumption at any (and all) cost. or at least don’t believe that we, the every meal we throw out there’s New Zealanders, for example, rate consumer, would be happy with an someone who went needlessly eradicating hunger as one of the most odd-looking bunch of vegetables. So hungry. For every ingredient tossed, important goals of society, yet throw they dump them en masse. we’ve squandered the very things out almost $2 billion dollars of food This divide between consumer, we’re quickly running out of. each year. And it’s not just their back supplier and producer is the crux of Ethically, it can’t continue. this problem. A barbecue chicken Realistically, it won’t. If we don’t tossed into a skip bin at the end of make the change ourselves, it’ll Jack Derwin is a journalist the day’s trade might not seem like soon be forced upon us when we’ve and writer currently living much if you can’t see the 4 ,000 odd exhausted our resources and all our in Córdoba, Spain. litres of water that it took to produce other options. ■ it. Nor the faces of the locals who

24 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 Let’s Move from Thinking to Speaking

JULIA SPELMAN suggests that making te reo Māori compulsory in school may encourage us all to learn, speak and sustain our legacy.

ustainability” is a word that can make you feel shared by everyone in New Zealand but I do hope we’re “ anywhere from inspired to guilty. On the small scale, in the process of turning the tide. As with many social SI see the irony of rushing past my overgrown vege changes, it’s one that requires effort and courageous garden to go to work — only to buy overpriced, sad looking leadership from political leaders but also within families, vegetables at the supermarket at the end of a 12 hour day. schools and communities. It doesn’t feel very sustainable for the environment or for My view is that making Māori compulsory is a necessary me. On a bigger scale, in a recent study published in the step. We need more trained teachers, we need to journal Science, researchers have found that a vegan diet normalise learning and speaking, and we need more te reo is probably the best way to reduce environmental impact Māori in our civic and public life. Wellington City Council on the planet. That message doesn’t land easily in New just announced a goal to make Wellington a te reo Māori Zealand, with our long agricultural history and an economic city by 2040 and one of the parts of its strategy is to make reliance on meat and dairy exports. te reo a desirable competency for council staff. I have been thinking about sustainability in another Many people say they want to learn Māori but find it area – the sustainability of te reo Māori. In particular, the difficult to know where to start. I have friends who feel ongoing debate about whether to introduce te reo Māori guilty about making multiple New Year resolutions but not as a compulsory language in school. Some of those against quite managing to make it to classes. (Or, indeed, to stop this proposal say the language is not sustainable because eating meat or to stop buying plastic or to spend more it is not spoken outside of New Zealand and has no useful time in the garden or any other number of things we think purpose. Some people think that the responsibility to we “should” do.) Starting small, with some te reo fridge sustain the language is one that rests with Māori only, magnets and labels around the house or an introductory despite the history of language suppression that led to its course, is still a start. But enabling the next generation to decline and endangerment. learn in school means they have the best opportunity to I’m fortunate to be connected to my whakapapa and learn while they’re at an age where they will soak it up with to Waipapa, my marae in Kawhia. Although I look pretty ease. I certainly wish I’d learned more te reo at school as it Pākehā, my whānau have both Māori and Pākehā heritage. is much more difficult to learn as an adult. My tūpuna are Ngāti Hikairo, landing in Kawhia in the We don’t have to achieve everything all at once. Tainui waka. I didn’t grow up speaking te reo but as I learn Encouraging ourselves and each other to take steps towards more, I am also learning about who I am and where I come sustainability — environmental, cultural and spiritual — is from. I often work with Māori clients, some of whom speak best done with compassion. But sometimes we need te reo and it’s an important way of connecting. It also helps structural change, too. Making Māori compulsory would help when I go with my Dad back to Kawhia, to sit in the back us as a nation to deepen our identities as Māori and Pākehā of the wharenui listening as the kōreo slides from Māori to and to step confidently, together, into the future. ■ English back to Māori as needed. Illustration by Sandy Leaitua © I recently heard an interview with someone around my age saying how excited they were to be living in a Julia Spelman, of Ngāti Hikairo descent, is time when New Zealand was changing and te reo is really a barrister at Pipitea Chambers, Wellington. gaining traction, with hundreds of people turning out She has been appointed to assist Dame for free classes in Christchurch and more reo casually Margaret Bazley with the external review of Russell McVeagh law firm. entering the daily lexicon. I’m not sure that’s an opinion

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last arrested in New York in April 2011 — by then in his 90s At Play in the Lions’ Den: A Biography — for demonstrating against the Intrepid War Museum. and Memoir of Daniel Berrigan What fired this thoughtful, sophisticated, disciplined Jesuit to such extreme acts? Without doubt the heart By Jim Forest of his life was the Mass, his communities of friends, Published by Orbis Books, 2017 including the redoubtable Jesuit Order, his life of prayer, his Reviewed by Peter Matheson marvellous poetry:

BOOK I pray you, make new this hireling heart/ O turn your face to me / winged, majestic, angelic/ tireless, a tide, eware this book! If you have urgent tasks to be my prayer goes up . . . done they will be scandalously neglected because Written by his friend, Jim Forest, this richly illustrated book BBerrigan’s extraordinary saga will take you over. I reminds us of Berrigan’s rigorous, 16-year training as a Jesuit, found that, anyway, devouring its 330-odd pages in two his international experience, his late awareness of peace great gulps. Couldn’t put it down ... issues. Vietnam caught him by the throat. He was imprisoned Most of us know of the Berrigans, Daniel and Phil, countless times, his health compromised as a result. He was because of the Ploughshares controversy of 1980. neither saint nor hero, being anxious before each With six others they broke into the GE assembly new sacrificial action. facility near Philadelphia. Armed with hammers Perhaps, though, with his quest for a new they smashed two missile shields for nuclear language for discipleship, for an ethics of bombs, then poured blood onto blueprints and resistance, he was a true doctor ecclesiae. An equipment! Priests breaking the law, using violence, inspired teacher, his students loved him. Like subverting the national defence! Even close friends Dorothy Day of Catholic Workers, a life of like Thomas Merton found this a reckless action. poverty, of care for the poor, was for him the The title page of the book shows Dan Berrigan hermeneutical clue to all peacemaking. It is to the grinning broadly, his manacled hands making a vulnerable that an alternative to the “creeping jaunty sign of peace. His whole life was reckless! miasma” of war is revealed, that the Kingdom is He dodged bail on one occasion and lived underground for disclosed. Humour kept him grounded; and with this book months, pursued by a horde of Hoover’s FBI agents. He was we can grin along with him. ■

Anselm’s theological proposition is set out as a dialogue Creation and the Cross: The Mercy of with a questioning student. Elizabeth Johnson has made use God for a Planet in Peril of this literary device, bringing us her re-envisaged theology in the form of an engaging and accessible conversation between By Elizabeth A Johnson Elizabeth and Clara, who seeks a more holistic understanding Published by Orbis Books, 2018 of salvation. “We are not shackled to the thought forms of any

Reviewed by Mary Thorne BOOK particular culture,” says Elizabeth. Abundantly plain in Christian Old Testament writing is the eading this book, pencil in hand, my excitement infinitely good creator God, who moves to save and to make mounts and I want to underline nearly every syllable! new futures possible. God does not change between the RContemporary Christian theological thought wrestles testaments so the nature of God remains faithful, merciful and with the theology of salvation as atonement for human sin kind. There is no betrayed honour which must be mollified. and the difficult image of God it evokes. In Creation and In Jesus of Nazareth, God is present in the flesh of all the Cross, Elizabeth Johnson closely examines the creation. The same gracious mercy is expressed meaning of this central matter of faith and explores in the life, death and resurrection of Jesus. The what the cross says to us in this time of advancing cross did not begin the outpouring of divine mercy ecological devastation. to the world. The satisfaction theory is not only Elizabeth Johnson is a respected theologian and inadequate but erroneous. author of many ground-breaking books. She skilfully The conversation culminates in brilliantly drawn, re-expresses understandings of faith in fresh and fresh insights into ancient images. We can rethink relevant ways, soundly based in scholarship and the significance of incarnation in an ecological comprehensive knowledge of the scriptures. Here, direction and stretch our prayer, “bless US’’, to she also refers to Pope Francis’s encyclical Laudato Si’, include the whole community of creation. which insists on ecological care as an essential part This wonderful book deserves to be widely of a faith-filled life. read and widely discussed. Together with science, The eleventh century theologian Anselm devised the Christian theology is repositioning the human species more satisfaction theory of atonement. It reflects the way a feudal closely within the vulnerable, mortal condition of all the system of justice ordered society. The theory, outside its creatures whom God loves. We learn new language with cultural context, distorted and eventually became a central which to speak to our children about the presence of God in tenet of a theological system focused on fall and redemption. our world. ■

26 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018

healing are happening in secret. The Heavenly Habit In his Introduction, Daniel says he hopes this book will by Daniel O’Leary brighten the lives of his readers by enabling us to look at Published by Columba Press, 2017 what we see as unpleasant or negative in such a way that it Reviewed by Judith Anne O’Sullivan will reveal the hidden goodness it carries. Thus, to acquire

BOOK the “Heavenly Habit” we need to find the gold in our shadow. This same wisdom was expressed by the songwriter Leonard ithout doubt Daniel O’Leary is a great favourite Cohen: “there is a crack in everything, that’s how the light among those seeking to live a deeper and more gets in”. The paradox of life is that we need the darkness to Wintegrated life. The centrespread of the May issue of discover the light. The Heavenly Habit encourages us to use Tui Motu featured some beautiful art together with our imagination and our senses and to let go of the the poem “The Quilt” by Daniel O’Leary. This poem negative — to let go of all those emotions that keep us was written to help the author understand the imprisoned. In letting go or befriending the negative we complexity of our lives, especially how the light and create a space for the positive. darkness of our experiences are intertwined. I have Having prayed with this book I would strongly to say when I was first given this book Daniel’s recommend it to anyone who desires to grow and poem stole my heart. These words, especially, longs to choose life. You will feel challenged to put into touched my soul: “my darkest times were now practice what is written by each author before moving the brightest patches and the ‘sinful’ pieces held on to the next chapter. I believe it will be especially them all together”. Like all good poetry, “The Quilt” helpful for people who companion others on the journey is contemplative and it reminds me of something I towards growth and the fullness of life. Don’t read it read recently by Dr Barbara Holmes that art and contemplation unless you are aware that as Leonard Boff says: “within every lead us to wonder, but first they perplex us. heart abide angels and devils ... they will always dance together In The Heavenly Habit Daniel has invited 10 author-artists within us.” If our energy is consumed in negativity, how can to share with us their experience of how grace that finds light our creativity blossom? Develop a habit of encouragement, in darkness leads us to transformation. This book is not one practise praise, express gratitude, acknowledge gifts and all to be read but rather one to be dipped into like a well full of will be well. Befriending our shadow side and integrating our refreshing water. As we ponder the sentiments we are not negative emotions enables us to be awake to the Heavenly reading for information but for transformation. This is where Habit and allows us to be surprised to discover all that is God works best because we are not in control. Grace and beautiful in the most unexpected places. ■

tapu in treading gently when we enter others’ lives”. Moemoeā: Māori Counselling There is an honouring of being Māori and a desire to Journeys restore mana. The writers gently highlight the effects Edited by: B Swann, E Kotzé, E Davis , of colonisation on Māori. I feel the weight of how H Swann, K Crocket my forbears, and myself in turn, have profited by Published by Dunmore Publishing, 2017 colonisation. However, this does not seem to be the intention of the writers — rather, they aim to inform and Reviewed by Shona Waterhouse BOOK to create a space to understand. take a breath and turn the pages of Moemoeā: Māori Professor Sir Mason Durie commended the skill of the Counselling Journeys, a beautifully crafted writers of showing how to weave Māori traditional I book, written by people connected to the values and protocols with how Māori live today. University of Waikato counsellor education Theory is shown through practice. I found the programme. The writers welcome me, many provided composite case studies helpful as regardless of my ethnicity (Pākehā), and invite a counsellor and also deeply moving. The writers me in to their space, a Māori space. It is with tell about how they mitigate potential power manaakitanga, which encompasses caring, imbalances; how to use traditional knowledge to respect, hospitality, nurturing and support, find new insights in current situations; how they that I feel that I am being guided through build on clients’ strengths to produce positive each of the sections and chapters. My small change; and how they work as cultural supervisors. knowledge of te reo is not a handicap: there is This book gently nudged me to ask myself a glossary of Māori words and phrases, and so how safe was I, as a Pākehā counsellor, for my with one finger on this page I am drawn into each chapter. Māori clients? The writers’ ability to give a gentle wero, The book is divided into five sections, which cover or challenge, makes this book very relevant to all those different aspects of how the writers work with their practitioners who work in the caring professions, and in clients; all underpinned by Kaupapa Māori. Their model particular with those who have the privilege to work with of practice is also woven with a Narrative model of Māori, tangata whenua, the first people of Aotearoa. ■ practice, a model that weaves in well with “waewae

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Those involved would have known the rules, which had Hit & Run: The New Zealand SAS in been freshly issued by the US commander in Afghanistan, in Afghanistan and the Meaning of Honour a bid to reduce civilian deaths. Before firing weapons, “the commander approving the strike must determine that no by Nicky Hager and Jon Stephenson civilians are present.” If there was uncertainty about whether Published by Potton & Burton, 2017 civilians were present, firing was prohibited. “But it all went

Reviewed by Dennis Horton BOOK horribly wrong,” notes the back cover blurb. “None of the fighters were found but, by the end of the f ever there were questions in the public interest that raid, 21 civilians were dead or wounded. Most were children deserve an answer, they are the ones raised by this pair or women, including a three-year-old girl who was killed. A Iof investigative journalists — Nicky Hager focussing on dozen houses had been burnt or blown up. The operation was sources at home and Jon Stephenson tracking down contacts in personally approved by the prime minister via phone from Afghanistan. In the Preface, the pair write that no one will read New Zealand.” the book without wondering about war crimes. A second raid was made, when more houses were They conclude “that there are reasonable extensively damaged, and a suspected insurgent grounds to suspect that New Zealanders and their was assaulted after capture, before being handed United States allies were indeed involved in war over to known torturers. “Afterwards no one took crimes and other serious breaches of the laws of responsibility. The New Zealand military denied the war. They call for an independent investigation. It facts and went to great lengths to cover things up. This is just such a process that Attorney-General David book is the story of these events. It is, at heart, about Parker has called for, in announcing in April that the meaning of honour; about who we want to be and an inquiry will be led by Sir Geoffrey Palmer and what we believe in as New Zealanders.” Supreme Court Judge Sir Terence Arnold. Here is a book that needs to be read by anyone The events explored in this 160-page book followed the interested in exploring how New Zealand is involved in death of a New Zealand soldier in August 2010. Lieutenant troublespots overseas, how and to whom its defence forces Tim O’Donnell was killed in a roadside bomb attack when the are accountable, and how well the population at large is kept patrol he was commanding came under fire from Taliban forces. informed about such involvement. We shall have to wait for the The book argues that, in retaliation, the New Zealand Special outcome of the Government’s inquiry to see how the questions Air Service led a raid on two isolated villages, in search of the raised in this book stand up, and to see how future episodes of fighters they suspected were responsible. this kind may be avoided. ■

proceeds to describe various states of absence — some Walking on the Pastures of perhaps that we seldom think about. Under the heading Wonder of Media: “media are always involved in selectivity — who appears on the news and how the news is structured. And by John O’Donohue who are the people in our society we never see ... the absent Published by Veritas

BOOK ones we never hear from?” Naturally the discourse proceeds Reviewed by Julie Randall to the subject of death, “the ultimate absence”. O’Donohue o — there were two Irishmen chatting in a pub (no mourns the loss of our ability to be aware of and wait — it’s not what you think) or a studio, or up a to converse with the dead as “part of the sadness S“holy mountain” in Connemara, Ireland. of contemporary society that has lost its mystical John O’Donohue, author, poet and philosopher (and and mythological webbing”. The chapter ends with former priest) has written several bestselling books. a poem that expresses the desire to know a loved John Quinn, a former radio broadcaster for RTE Ireland’s one in their changed state after death — “with your national radio, is the compiler of this work and a close new eyes can you see from within?” friend of O’Donohue’s. O’Donohue’s final complete work, Benedictus: The chapters of this book is were originally A Book of Blessings was published in 2007. Quinn recordings of John O’Donohue made for various radio has selected a particular blessing from this work to programmes over a period of years prior to his death, place at the end of each chapter (which reminds me and which John Quinn has collated for print. The result of of Tui Motu: “And as is our custom our last word is of blessing”.) Quinn’s skilled editing of these recordings is a natural flow Other snippets of O’Donohue’s poetry are also interspersed of ideas, a conversational sharing, a distillation of personal throughout offering further imaginative reflection. experience, wisdom, wonder and imagination. Walking on the Pastures of Wonder holds a wealth of The chapter on “Absence” caught my eye with the opening wisdom and would make a wonderful personal resource for phrase: “While we are here in the world, where is it that we dipping into. are absent from?” Absence, the sister of presence (not the In 2008 John O’Donohue died suddenly in his 53rd year. It opposite) — defined as “to be elsewhere”, “an echo of some is worth checking out John’s other works of prose and poetry fractured intimacy”, “infused with longing”. O’Donohue and his website www.johnodonohue.com ■

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and-coming writer Juliet Ashton, wartime, the occupation has revealed The Guernsey her publisher, Sidney Stark, and the best and worst in people, and Literary and Potato her relentless American suitor. The Juliet is instantly pulled into the Guernsey cast are equally firmly islanders’ story, shaking her loose Peel Pie Society drawn, especially the literary society from her London moorings. Alongside Directed by Mike Newell members. Juliet’s landlady on the these events runs the parallel tale island, the priggish and judgmental of the two men vying for Juliet’s Reviewed by Paul Sorrell FILM Charlotte Stimple, provides a foil to favour. Her American suitor, an approached this film with interest, these generous-hearted folk. army officer stationed in the capital, as I had previously read the book When Juliet receives a letter out is kind-hearted and attentive, but Iof the same name and I was keen of the blue from Guernsey pig farmer sees her as a trophy, much like the to see how the filmmakers would Dawsey Adams, wanting to source a oversized engagement ring he gives translate the novel, which takes the copy of Lamb’s Tales from Shakespeare, her. His rival, by contrast, is so wary of form of a series of letters, into visual it sets off a chain of events that leads revealing his feelings that he almost terms. Abandoning the epistolary her to the island, still recovering from leaves his bid too late. format, director Mike Newell has the privations and barbarity of the And then there is the love of created an equally compelling story Nazi occupation. What she discovers books and reading that runs through by cutting back and forth between there is a heartbreaking secret the film like a golden thread. Perhaps London and Guernsey, the two that this traumatised community is books are the real, enduring link scarcely ready to deal with, let alone between Juliet and her new island locales, and between 1946 — which disclose to outsiders. family. And hopefully with the acts as an anchor point for the action Like any crisis, especially in audience, too. ■ — and the earlier wartime years. At first, I thought this might be a glossy, superficial film, with its immaculate period recreation of wartime London, finely detailed interiors and sweeping vistas of Guernsey. The prospect of a beautiful (and slightly ditzy) young protagonist (Lily James) and a complex romantic entanglement did nothing to counter my expectations. But the film is saved by the many good things it contains — a sobering tale of heroism, cruelty and betrayal in Nazi-occupied Guernsey, well-observed contrasts between metropolitan culture and island life and, most of all, the well-drawn characters that populate the film. In London, there is the trio of up-

Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 29 become the problem of national and local governments, while the financial benefits are not evenly spread. Of the almost 10 per cent of our population employed in CROSS the tourist industry many are in the service industry — receiving CURRENTS notoriously low wages. The biggest by Susan Smith rental car operators in Aotearoa are foreign-owned, as are the major Tourism: Blessing or Curse? is preferable to allowing freedom hotel franchises and iconic tourist The third anniversary of Pope campers with the associated problems hotels. All this suggests profits soon Francis’s Laudato Si’ has just passed, they bring — problems that are make their way off-shore. Many of and so it is time to reflect on another offloaded onto the local population our famous walks and national parks aspect of environmental degradation and local councils. are no longer able to cope with the that is currently receiving attention. numbers. But no worries — tourism At the end of May I arrived back in is basically about making as much Aotearoa from a month overseas money as possible in the shortest working with Sisters from our African possible time. and Asian provinces at our renewal The New Zealand Listener ran a centre in France, and visiting family wonderful story recently on how the in Ireland. I was overwhelmed by the New Zealand Historical Society was length of time airport security checks raising money to establish a museum required, by the AK-armed soldiers in Le Quesnoy, a small French village in Lyon, and by the sheer volume of close to the Belgian border. It is peoples, mainly tourists, from almost dedicated to the memory of the every nation. almost 12,500 men who lost their Since the 1980s tourism has lives on the Western Front during increased dramatically. Reasons for In 2008 John Key named himself World War I. The museum is at the this increase include the collapse Minister of Tourism. He recognised site where 135 soldiers were killed of communism in the Soviet Union that tourism was a grand way of liberating the town. and Eastern Europe, the opening of making of lots of money in a very I was touched by this article borders in the European Union and short time. That is certainly true, and then wondered what to make the growth of middle classes across but now some New Zealanders are of the fact that “in 2014, revenue the developing world, particularly in waking up to the fact that while the from battlefield tourism (my italics) China and India, where almost three bonanza offered by tourism might in northern France was worth more billion of the world’s population live. benefit owners and operators, the than $12,000,000”? (NZ Listener 26 Tourism is touted as a great source associated environmental concerns May -1 June, 2018: 25). ■ of revenue and, indeed, is our biggest export earner today, overtaking the Address: dairy industry. Like the dairy industry, Independent Catholic Magazine Ltd, it contributes significantly to air, 52 Union Street West, water and land pollution. The same Dunedin North, 9054 P O Box 6404, Dunedin North, 9059 tourism-generated concerns that TUI MOTU InterIslands Phone: (03) 477 1449 worry numbers of New Zealanders The Independent Catholic Magazine Limited Email: [email protected] face other countries anxious about Tui Motu – InterIslands is an independent, Email for subscriptions: [email protected] the impact of tourism on fragile eco- Catholic, monthly magazine. It invites its readers systems, on infrastructure and on to question, challenge and contribute to its Editor: Ann L Gilroy rsj discussion of spiritual, social and ecological issues Assistant Editor: Ann Hassan their way of life. in the light of gospel values, and in the interests of Venice, for example, has just a more just and peaceful society. Inter-Church and Design & layout: Greg Hings inter-Faith dialogue is welcomed. limited drastically the number of Printers: Southern Colour Print, 1 Turakina The name Tui Motu was given by Pa Henare Road, Dunedin South, 9012 cruise liners that can disgorge Tate. It literally means “stitching the islands Board Directors: Neil Darragh (chair), passengers into that wonderful city. together...”, bringing the different races and peoples and faiths together to create one Pacific Rita Cahill rsj, Philip Casey, Cathrine Spain is considering making tourism people of God. Divergence of opinion is expected Harrison, Agnes Hermans, Judith more expensive, hoping to maintain and will normally be published, although that McGinley op, Chris Loughnan op. does not necessarily imply editorial commitment Honorary Directors: income from tourism while reducing to the viewpoint expressed. Pauline O’Regan rsm, Elizabeth Mackie op, tourist numbers. Bhutan insists ISSM 1174-8931 Bank: BNZ 02-0929-0277471-00 on only high-quality, high-paying Issue number 228 tourists entering their country. This 30 Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 people suffering during the World War i am through you so i II. His openness to interfaith dialogue is written with appreciation for his own LETTERSto the by Brother David Steindl-Rast OSB faith and the realisation that those of EDITOR Published by Paulist Press, 2017 other faiths, too, are all in search of Reviewed by Lyndall Brown Mystery. While David’s life is deeply

BOOK contemplative the book reveals the fullness of his active life. We read of We welcome letters of comment, how he set up the Centre for Spiritual discussion, response, affirmation or Studies in 1968 together with Jews, argument of up to 200 words. Buddhists, Hindus and Muslims. He The editor reserves the right realised his own vulnerability was to abridge longer letters, while heightened during his time as a hermit keeping the meaning. when he was confronted with his own self as well as the “tears of the world”. Anyone searching to lead a contemplative life will find this book both inspiring and challenging. David Steindl-Rast shows us how to live RUGBY’S OTHER STORY contemplatively while being immersed I am deeply disappointed by Susan he title of this book expresses in the issues and realities of life. ■ Smith’s opinion in Crosscurrents, the essence of David Steindl- TM May 2018. I am a mother of a Rast’s life as revealed through Hurricanes player who is an aspiring T every page of the book. His life is You are invited to All Black and having supported my steeped in his thirst to encounter the son and his friends from across THE PARALLEL PATH Mystery of God in every experience the spectrum of New Zealand An interactive Retreat Day led by of life. The book reveals a man who society I have been humbled by knows the depth of the words: “In him JOY COWLEY their compassion, love and care for I live and move and have my being” each other and their communities. to be held 8 September 2018 (Acts 17–28). Many of the players carry the huge 9.30 am—4 pm The book tells the story of David’s responsibility of the welfare of their at the McFaddens Centre life through nine themes beginning extended families on their shoulders. 64 McFaddens Road, Papanui, Christchurch with “Becoming Human” and ending For many their deeply rooted (entry and parking off Redwood Place) with “Double Realm”. After David has Cost: $50.00 Christian faith is the Guiding Light explored each theme it is enlarged Lunch, morning & afternoon tea provided that helps them with the demands upon through an interview with Registration Form of a very short-lived career that can Johannes Kaup. Each theme is end in a second with an injury or loss Name: ………………………………………... explored through personal stories of form. It may come as a surprise Address: ………………………………………. which continue to give glimpses of his that violence is not tolerated and humanity, his depth of spirituality and …………………………………………………... does not go unpunished and this is his vision for life. He often quotes from very clearly conveyed by the NZRU Email: …………………………………………... his favourite poets especially Rainer and the coaches at all levels. Rugby Maria Rilke and these quotes heighten Phone: ……………………………... is a high contact sport and this does the readers’ awareness of David’s not necessarily equate to being a I require a billet � I can offer a billet �

capacity to live contemplatively. violent sport. The reference to the As I delved into the book it became Please return this form with a cheque for Blues name is insensitive and could obvious that David’s spirituality is one $50.00 to Catholic Women’s Movement trivialise and stigmatise depression that reflects the gift of living in the P O Box 2184 , Christchurch by and mental illness as being about now and that joy and gratitude flow 24 August 2018 or alternatively pay by “losers” in sport. from the discovery of the Mystery of internet banking – 0317-07004-3199-00 – Gail Riccitelli God in and through every event. I felt including your name; and complete and challenged as I read of his attitude send this registration form to the above PRAY FOR DANIEL O’LEARY address. Enquiries to: 021 557 929. towards those who caused him and his My news is I’ve just been diagnosed with colon cancer. My life is already deeply changing at many levels. (With SUBSCRIBE to Tui Motu InterIslands Magazine great difficulty!) Say a few prayers Call 64 (0)3 477 1449 or email admin@tuimotu .org please. So glad our paths crossed... for information and a subscription Fr Daniel O’Leary

Tui Motu InterIslands www.tuimotu.org Issue 228 July 2018 31 cars on our roads and our use of air travel. A recent article in the journal of Science shows that all forms of animal and dairy farming are more harmful to the living world than growing plant protein. Animal farming was found to to take up 83 per cent of the world’s agricultural land, but to deliver only 18 per cent of our calories. A plant- based diet reduces the use of land by 76 per cent and halves the greenhouse gases and other pollution caused by food production. (See George Monbiot, “Butchery of the Planet” Science June 2018.) Flying for holidays and travel is something I have loved to do in the past but its time to re-think this. Many of us from New Zealand, a high carbon economy, have “used up” our fair share of the global carbon footprint per capita many times over. Money we spend on an air ticket is eventually a vote for more flights and airports and planes. It puts more carbon into the atmosphere. Some people seek to mitigate their carbon emission by paying for carbon offsets (a practice that has been compared the selling of indulgences) — but Looking OUT and IN then paying for carbon offsets is probably better than not paying for carbon offsets. But best of all is to decide not to fly, and to travel less than we would like to. s I walk down the street to the bazaar in our Climate change and thinking about the ways we all hometown in India, I see children the size of produce greenhouse gases is often overwhelming. Seeing my nine-year old Jalori, who have been out from A the negative impacts of climate change on the most pre-dawn collecting discarded Coke and Sprite bottles on vulnerable populations in India (seasonal migration due to the street. They drag huge sacks of plastic bottles up the drought, flooding, growing inequality) requires me to change hill for their family business of recycling. As I walk Jalori to my own lifestyle and to encourage all of us to review the school in Christchurch on a Tuesday morning, I see large ways that we live. If we need motivation from the Scriptures, yellow bins labelled “recycling” — sentinels along the curb there are hundreds of Bible verses showing the priority of waiting for the City Council truck to collect. It is clean, God’s people acting against social injustice (which is the orderly and seems that it doesn’t lead to exploitation and consequence of global warming). If I am a teacher, I could injustice. Yet, although our Kiwi brand is “clean and green”, run a unit on greenhouse gases in science or social studies. I remind myself that New Zealanders actually pollute the If I am a mother at home maybe I do cloth nappies and meet planet in a much more significant way on a per capita basis my local member of parliament to discuss the environmental than my neighbours in India. impacts of dairy farming in Canterbury. If I am a retired Each visit back to NZ I notice that council-issued recycle person investing money I should ensure the funds are not bins are slowly getting bigger to deal with the growing waste supporting tobacco, military, arms or fossil fuel extraction packaging each household generates. Recycling is a good industries. There are as many ways to do environmental thing to do, but not generating the waste in the first place justice as there are people on this planet but we actually is actually much better for the planet. So that means all of have to do it. There will be no stopover in a warm Pacific us could be trying to buy less stuff and particularly less new island as we head back to India this month. Sigh. ■ stuff, minimising ordering things online (which arrive with excessive packaging), buying second-hand, borrowing rather than buying and trying to repair rather than replace. Kaaren Mathias works in There are other ways our Kiwi lifestyle damages the community mental health in India planet. The most significant of these is probably the where she lives with husband (invisible) clouds of carbon dioxide and methane that we Jeph and two of her four children. produce through our consumption of dairy products, the

Living Spirit may courage like startling sunshine warm our resolutions and encourage our practice From the Tui Motu team

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