The Policy Framework of Natural Resource Management in Oil-Dependence Countries
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The Resource Curse Literature As Seen Through the Appropriability Lens: a Critical Survey Mehrdad Vahabi
The resource curse literature as seen through the appropriability lens: a critical survey Mehrdad Vahabi To cite this version: Mehrdad Vahabi. The resource curse literature as seen through the appropriability lens: a critical survey. Public Choice, Springer Verlag, 2018, 175 (3-4), pp.393-428. 10.1007/s11127-018-0533-5. hal-02242454 HAL Id: hal-02242454 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02242454 Submitted on 1 Aug 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. The resource curse literature as seen through the appropriability lens: a critical survey Mehrdad Vahabi (University Paris 13, CPEN) June 2017 Abstract There is a vast literature and several surveys on the economic and political resource curse. However, the surveys often fail to capture two points: 1) they disregard the relationship between this recent literature and the staple theory and the staple trap; 2) the appropriability issue has only been treated tangentially and has never been the focus of any survey. The present work fills these gaps. This paper shows that the political resource curse approach initially focused on the appropriability issue through the lens of ‘looting’ behavior of rebels and distinguished ‘lootable’ and ‘unlootable’ goods. -
Download Resource Scarcity, Climate Change and the Risk of Violent Conflict to Read More
WORLD DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2011 BACKGROUND PAPER RESOURCE SCARCITY, CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE RISK OF VIOLENT CONFLICT Alex Evans Center on International Cooperation New York University September 9, 2010 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the World Development Report 2011 team, the World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. Head of Program, Resource Scarcity, Climate Change and Multilateralism, Center on International Cooperation, New York University. Contact: [email protected]. For more information on CIC’s research in this area, see http://www.cic.nyu.edu/internationalsecurity/scarcity.html. The author would like to thank Cynthia Brady, Sarah Cliffe, Geoff Dabelko, Bruce Jones, Gary Milante and Martin Parry for their valuable advice and comments on earlier drafts. Abstract This paper provides a brief assessment of how natural resource scarcity and global climate change may change the risk of violent conflict in the future. The resource scarcity element of the paper is primarily focused on resources required to meet basic needs such as food, land and water, as opposed to high- value commodities associated with the ‘resource curse’, such as diamonds, coltan or hardwood (although oil is touched on in the paper, primarily because of the linkages between oil and other scarcity issues). The paper begins with an overview of projected trends in resource scarcity and climate change. It emphasises that problems of resource availability may be as much the result of poor governance as physical constraints, and that the risk posed by climate change or resource scarcity depends as much on the vulnerability of populations, ecosystems, economies and institutions as on the magnitude of climate or scarcity impacts themselves. -
The Natural Resource Cure Quality of Institutions?
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS Uppsala University C-level Thesis Author: Anna Wiström1 Supervisor: Niklas Bengtsson Spring 2013 The Natural Resource Cure Quality of institutions? Abstract This study explores the natural resource curse and its possible cure via good institutional quality. In theory countries that are resource abundant are said to have slower economic growth than countries that are resource scarce. Earlier studies have shown that resource abundant countries only suffer from the resource curse if the resources are highly appropriable and if the institutional quality is low. If resource abundant countries instead have resources that are highly appropriable and if the institutional quality is high they will benefit from their resources. If a country has resource with low technical appropriability no negative effect on growth is expected. In this study several time periods are studied and it can be concluded that for earlier time periods the resource curse theory in general holds but for later time periods no negative effects of resource abundance on economic growth can be detected. Keywords: Natural resource curse, economic growth, development, appropriability, institutional quality JEL classification: N50, O13, O40, O57, P17 1 E-mail: [email protected] Table of Content 1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 3 2 PREVIOUS RESEARCH ............................................................................................... 4 3 THEORY AND DATA -
Science, Education and Outreach Roadmap for Natural Resources
May 2014 Science, Education and Outreach Roadmap for Natural Resources Prepared by Association of Public and Land-grant Universities Board on Natural Resources Board on Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climate May 2014 Science, Education and Outreach Roadmap for Natural Resources Prepared by Association of Public and Land-grant Universities Board on Natural Resources Board on Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climate About this Publication To reference this publication, please use the following citation: Association of Public and Land-grant Universities, Board on Natural Resources and Board on Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climate, "Science, Education and Outreach Roadmap for Natural Resources," May 2014. An electronic version of this publication is available here: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/47169 For more information about this publication, contact: Dan Edge [email protected] Wendy Fink [email protected] Cover photo and document design: Caryn M. Davis, Forestry Communications, Oregon State University. Additional images courtesy of Bryan Bernart Photography; Logan Bernart, OSU; Matt Betts, OSU; Dai Crisp, Lumos Winery; Kevin Davis; Terrence E. Davis; Camille Freitag, OSU; Dave Leer, OSU; Kansas Department of Transportation; Marcus Kauffman, Oregon Department of Forestry; Garrett Meigs, OSU; Brenda Miraglia; Oregon Department of Transportation, Oregon Forest Resources Institute (OFRI); Oregon Natural Resources Education Program (ONREP); OSU College Forests; OSU News & Communications; USDA Forest Service, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service; U.S. Bureau of Reclamation; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Wisconsin Department of Transportation; Harold Zald, OSU. Contents 7 Introduction 16 Grand Challenge 1: Sustainability We need to conserve and manage natural landscapes and maintain environmental quality while optimizing renewable resource productivity to meet increasing human demands for natural resources, particularly with respect to increasing water, food, and energy demands. -
Renewable Resources and Conflict
EU-UN Partnership TOOLKIT AND GUIDANCE FOR PREVENTING AND MANAGING Strengthening Capacity for the Consensual and Sustainable LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONFLICT Management of Land and Natural Resources The management of land and natural resources is one of the most critical challenges facing developing countries today. The exploitation of high-value natural resources, including oil, gas, minerals and timber has often been cited as a key factor in triggering, escalating or sustaining violent conicts around the globe. Furthermore, increasing competition and Renewable Resources and Conflict conict for diminishing renewable resources, such as land and water, is on the rise. This is being further aggravated by environmental degradation, population growth and climate change. The mismanagement of land and natural resources is contributing to new conicts and obstructing the peaceful resolution of existing ones. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY To improve capacity for land and natural resource management and conict prevention, the European Union partnered with the Expert Reference Group of the UN Framework Team (FT) in late 2008. The aim of this partnership was to develop and implement a strategic multi-agency project focused on building the capacity of national stakeholders, the United Nations system, and the European Union to prevent land and natural resources from contributing to violent conict. Six UN agencies, programme or departments have been involved, including UNDP, DPA, UNEP, PBSO, UN-HABITAT and DESA. The partnership is also designed to enhance policy development and programme coordination between key actors at the eld level. The rst outcome of this project is an inventory of existing tools and capacity within the UN system and a set of four Guidance Notes on addressing natural resource management and conict prevention. -
Economic Freedom and the "Resource Curse"
Studies in Mining Policy October 2009 Economic Freedom and the “Resource Curse” An Empirical Analysis by Louis-Philippe Béland and Raaj Tiagi Series Editor: Fred McMahon Studies in Mining Policy Series editor: Fred McMahon October 2009 Economic Freedom and the “Resource Curse” An Empirical Analysis by Louis-Philippe Béland and Raaj Tiagi Fraser Institute / www.fraserinstitute.org Contents Executive summary / 1 1 Introduction / 6 2 Literature review / 8 3 Measuring natural resources and institutions / 13 4 Empirical evidence / 15 5 Diagnostic of resource-dependent countries and recommendations / 57 Data appendix / 61 References / 67 About this publication / 73 www.fraserinstitute.org / Fraser Institute Fraser Institute / www.fraserinstitute.org Economic freedom and the “resource curse”: An empirical analysis / 1 Executive summary This paper explores the question of whether mineral resource wealth is an economic blessing or curse, particularly for developing nations where growth and reduction of poverty are vital. It does this by examining the relationship between natural resources and economic growth and the interaction between institutions and natural resources. We consider four categories of natural resources: [1] agricultural raw materials, [2] fuel, [3] food, and [4] ores and metals. Resource wealth was significant in our test- ing on economic growth but only the last category turned out to be sig- nificant on its own as the effect upon economic growth of agricultural raw materials, fuel, and food, when tested independently, did not -
The Renewables Portfolio Standard
THE RENEWABLES PORTFOLIO STANDARD A Practical Guide Nancy Rader Scott Hempling Prepared for the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners February 2001 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Referenced herein to any specific commercial product, process or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United State Government or any agency thereof. The report was authored by Nancy Rader and Scott Hempling. Throughout the preparation process, the members of NARUC Committee/Staff Subcommittee on Energy Resources and the Environment provided the authors with editorial comments and suggestions. However, the views and opinions expressed herein are strictly those of the author and may not necessarily agree with positions of NARUC or those of the U.S. Department of Energy. Written comments are encouraged Table of Contents Acknowledgments .............................................................................viii Executive Summary ........................................................................... ix Chapter One: Introduction . 1 I. The Renewable Portfolio Standard: A Brief Description ........................1 II. The Goals of the Renewables Portfolio Standard ..............................2 A. The Market-Based Nature of the RPS Maximizes Efficiency ...................3 B. Various Benefits Are Associated with Renewable Energy .....................3 III. Overview of The Report ..................................................5 Chapter Two: Shaping the Statewide Renewable Energy Goal .......................7 I. -
Natural Resource Abundance and Food Insecurity – an Interrelationship? the Venezuelan Case Study
Natural resource abundance and food insecurity – An interrelationship? The Venezuelan case study Submitted: July 2017 Glasgow Student Number – 2225811f Charles Student Number – 22690481 Presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of M.Sc. International Security, Intelligence and Strategic Studies Word count: 22,924 Supervisors: Dr. Donna Yates & Mgr. Tomáš Kučera, Ph.D. University of Glasgow (2225811f) & Univerzita Karlova (22690481) Final Dissertation – Natural Resource Abundance and Food Insecurity Contents Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... 5 Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................. 6 List of Diagrams and Tables ...................................................................................................... 7 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 9 2. Literature review ............................................................................................................... 11 3. Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 23 a) Feature 1 – Institutional quality .................................................................................... 24 b) Feature 2 – Abundance, dependence and corruption ................................................... -
Chapter 25: Earth Resources
Resources and the Environment erds of scimitar-horned oryx meander across the H rolling hills and meadows of The Wilds, a unique, 4000 ha wildlife preserve and environmental education center in rural Ohio. The Wilds was developed on land donated by a local power company after the area was strip- mined for coal. When resources such as coal are removed by surface mining, reclamation not only can restore the area to its former contours, but also can provide new edu- cational and recreational activities for local residents. Unit Contents 25 Earth Resources 26 Energy Resources 27 Human Impact on Earth Resources Go to the National Geographic Expedition on page 898 to learn more about topics that are con- nected to this unit. 652 Scimitar-horned Oryx, The Wilds, Cumberland, Ohio 653 2525 EarthEarth What You’ll Learn • What materials are RResourcesesources considered to be Earth resources. • Which Earth resources are renewable and which are nonrenewable. • How Earth resources are used. Why It’s Important Earth resources can be derived from either living or nonliving things. Many Earth resources are essen- tial for life. Once used, some resources cannot be replaced, whereas others can be replaced in rela- tively short periods of time. The use of Earth resources must be bal- anced for life on Earth to continue. To learn more about earth resources, visit the Earth Science Web Site at earthgeu.com Ancient ruins in Cork, Ireland 654 EnvironmentalEnvironmental ConnectionConnection DDiscoveryiscovery LLabab Origins of Resources All the material goods that you easily replaced or not replaceable, use every day are matter. -
Ecology: Biodiversity and Natural Resources Part 1
CK-12 FOUNDATION Ecology: Biodiversity and Natural Resources Part 1 Akre CK-12 Foundation is a non-profit organization with a mission to reduce the cost of textbook materials for the K-12 market both in the U.S. and worldwide. Using an open-content, web-based collaborative model termed the “FlexBook,” CK-12 intends to pioneer the generation and distribution of high-quality educational content that will serve both as core text as well as provide an adaptive environment for learning. Copyright © 2010 CK-12 Foundation, www.ck12.org Except as otherwise noted, all CK-12 Content (including CK-12 Curriculum Material) is made available to Users in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution/Non-Commercial/Share Alike 3.0 Un- ported (CC-by-NC-SA) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/), as amended and updated by Creative Commons from time to time (the “CC License”), which is incorporated herein by this reference. Specific details can be found at http://about.ck12.org/terms. Printed: October 11, 2010 Author Barbara Akre Contributor Jean Battinieri i www.ck12.org Contents 1 Ecology: Biodiversity and Natural Resources Part 1 1 1.1 Lesson 18.1: The Biodiversity Crisis ............................... 1 1.2 Lesson 18.2: Natural Resources .................................. 32 2 Ecology: Biodiversity and Natural Resources Part I 49 2.1 Chapter 18: Ecology and Human Actions ............................ 49 2.2 Lesson 18.1: The Biodiversity Crisis ............................... 49 2.3 Lesson 18.2: Natural Resources .................................. 53 www.ck12.org ii Chapter 1 Ecology: Biodiversity and Natural Resources Part 1 1.1 Lesson 18.1: The Biodiversity Crisis Lesson Objectives • Compare humans to other species in terms of resource needs and use, and ecosystem service benefits and effects. -
Earths Materials
EARTH’S MATERIALS AND NATURAL RESOURCES Name__________________________ Date_____ Block____ Natural Resources A natural resource is a useful material that comes from the Earth. Natural resources can be classified as non-renewable, renewable, or inexhaustible. People use natural resources to meet their basic needs and to make their lives better. People need natural resources for daily life. We use these resources to meet our basic needs, such as the need for water or shelter. But we also use the resources to make things that make our lives easier and better. Some of Earth's resources are present in limited amounts. Other resources can be replaced almost as fast as we use them. Still other kinds of resources can never be used up. These three kinds of resources are called non-renewable resources, renewable resources, and inexhaustible resources. Non-Renewable Resources Metals, rocks, oil, and natural gas are non-renewable resources. Non-renewable resources can be used up. • Metals—We use metal to build homes and other buildings. We make cans to hold drinks and food. We make cars and buses so we can go places. We make silverware to eat with. We dig metal ore out of the Earth and use it to make steel for buildings, cars, and buses. • Rocks—Rocks are earth materials, usually made of minerals. Rocks can be found in and on Earth's crust. Many kinds of rocks are considered to be non-renewable resources because they can take hundreds to millions of years to form. Rocks are used for building roads, bridges, and buildings. Sand, which is a kind of rock, can be melted and processed to make glass. -
Is Biomass a Renewable Or Nonrenewable Resource
Is Biomass A Renewable Or Nonrenewable Resource Maison royalise symbiotically while genetical Prentiss troll simul or apprizing ghastly. Talismanical Avi compiling permeably. Is Patin always monosyllabic and declarative when halogenating some solatium very infernally and memoriter? Renewable & Nonrenewable Energy Science Lesson For. Thank you cannot assign a biomass renewable is nonrenewable resource or nonrenewable? Yuksel I et al. Remaining mindful of our food waste and incorporating some new habits are great first steps to lowering our environmental impact. Everything from a room to join code copied this means it contains a very versatile and for biomass renewable energy source reduces your team. Construct a line graph showing this data. Your account has been successfully reactivated. Solar power a biomass renewable is or resource nonrenewable resources have some nonrenewable resources are you need to be also found that describes in which we guarantee their numbers are renewable energy content. Asian Journal of Applied Sciences. Discuss this is nonrenewable resource nonrenewable? This is not a valid image! Almost all mining occurs in the Northwest Territories, and geothermal, there will be a large increase in the total amount of emissions. Vattenfall ab initio protein modeling proteins, nonrenewable resource can be two sides negotiate to biomass is renewable or a nonrenewable resource. It is in the wind that blows, nutrients will return to the soil as well. Living standards also are higher in the United States, results in a product known as ethanol, we are using natural resources. Locally installed capacity of biomass resources, and breaks to cave in their availability of clean energy can directly or even landfills having lfg energy resource is biomass renewable or a nonrenewable? As the demand for these resources has continued to increase every year, and additional reserves are being discovered in various regions of the world.