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International Environmental Law: Particularities
http://dx.doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v17i37.1591 INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW: PARTICULARITIES Paulo de Bessa Antunes1 Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) ABSTRACT The article analyzes the legal instruments available under international law for the protection of the environment, seeking to show that there is an International Environmental Law in formation, which is beginning to be affirmed. Throughout the article, we analyze the main characteristics able to mark the peculiar position of this branch in the construction of the inter- national legal order. The International Environmental Law is a new Law, which, however, has brought important news to the international legal or- der. The article highlights some of these modifications, e.g. the change of concepts of responsibility and sovereignty, the wide use of principles and the gradual transformation of the subjects of Public International Law. The article also highlights the political, social and economic difficulties for the effectiveness and implementation of this new branch of international law. Keywords: environmentalism; International Environmental Law; global- ization; public policy; sustainability. DIREITO INTERNACIONAL DO MEIO AMBIENTE: PARTICULARIDADES RESUMO O artigo examina os instrumentos jurídicos disponíveis no âmbito do Direito internacional para a proteção do meio ambiente, buscando demonstrar que existe, em formação, um Direito Internacional do Meio Ambiente, o qual começa a ser afirmar. Ao longo do artigo são analisadas as principais características capazes de marcar a posição peculiar deste ramo em construção da ordem jurídica internacional. Admite-se que o Direito Internacional do Meio Ambiente é um Direito jovem, que, no entanto, vem aportando importantes novidades na ordem jurídica 1 PhD in Law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). -
Judicial Politics and International Investment Arbitration: Seeking an Explanation for Conflicting Outcomes David Schneiderman
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business Volume 30 Issue 2 Spring Spring 2010 Judicial Politics and International Investment Arbitration: Seeking an Explanation for Conflicting Outcomes David Schneiderman Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njilb Part of the Dispute Resolution and Arbitration Commons, International Law Commons, and the International Trade Commons Recommended Citation David Schneiderman, Judicial Politics and International Investment Arbitration: Seeking an Explanation for Conflicting Outcomes, 30 Nw. J. Int'l L. & Bus. 383 (2010) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business by an authorized administrator of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. Judicial Politics and International Investment Arbitration: Seeking an Explanation for Conflicting Outcomes David Schneiderman* "You're like a judge. You're called on to decide the matter. In good conscience, you have to be able to look at yourself and say, 'It's my decision. I know the law and the facts exhaustively."' Marc Lalonde Abstract Internationalinvestment arbitrationhas been described as a private system of justice addressing matters of high public policy. Yet, despite the very high stakes involved-in terms of both policy room and monetary implications-tribunalawards are sometimes difficult to reconcile. This conflict usually is explained with reference to the fact that these are ad hoc tribunals addressing specific disputes arising under particularinvestment treaties. Not so easily explained are conflicting tribunal awards drawing on virtually identicalfacts, invoking the same treaty text, where arbitrators seemingly change their minds from one case to the next without any explanation. -
Francisco Rezek Fernando De Castro Fontainha Rafael Mafei Rabelo Queiroz [Orgs.] 15 EDIÇÃO FGV DIREITO RIO
15 História Oral do Supremo [1988-2013] Francisco Rezek Fernando de Castro Fontainha Rafael Mafei Rabelo Queiroz [orgs.] 15 EDIÇÃO FGV DIREITO RIO Obra Licenciada em Creative Commons Atribuição – Uso Não Comercial – Não a Obras Derivadas Impresso no Brasil / Printed in Brazil Fechamento da 1ª edição em agosto de 2016 Este livro consta na Divisão de Depósito Legal da Biblioteca Nacional. Os conceitos emitidos neste livro são de inteira responsabilidade dos autores. Coordenação Rodrigo Vianna, Sérgio França e Thaís Mesquita Projeto gráfico e capa eg.design Evelyn Grumach Diagramação Priscilla Tipping 1ª Revisão Vânia Castro de Azevedo 2ª Revisão Marcia Glenadel Gnanni Ernesto História oral do Supremo (1988-2013), v.15: Fran- cisco Rezek / Fernando de Castro Fontainha, Rafael Mafei Rabelo Queiroz (orgs.) / Escola de Direito do Rio de Janeiro da Fundação Getulio Vargas. – Rio de Janei- ro : Escola de Direito do Rio de Janeiro da Fundação Getulio Vargas, 2016. 130 p. Em colaboração com a Direito GV e o CPDOC. Inclui bibliografia. ISBN: 978-85-63265-52-4 1. Brasil. Supremo Tribunal Federal. 2. Rezek, José Francisco, 1944- . I. Fontainha, Fernando de Castro. II. Queiroz, Rafael Mafei Rabelo. III. Escola de Direito do Rio de Janeiro da Fundação Getulio Vargas. IV. Escola de Direito de São Paulo da Fundação Getulio Vargas. V. Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de His- tória Contemporânea do Brasil. CDD – 341.4191 Todos os direitos desta edição reservados à FGV DIREITO RIO Praia de Botafogo, 190 | 13º andar Rio de Janeiro | RJ | Brasil | CEP: 22250-900 -
Cms Convention on Migratory Species
CMS Distr. GENERAL CONVENTION ON MIGRATORY UNEP/CMS/Resolution 9.8 SPECIES ORIGINAL: ENGLISH RESPONDING TO THE CHALLENGE OF EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING DISEASES IN MIGRATORY SPECIES, INCLUDING HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA H5N1 Adopted by the Conference of the Parties at its Ninth Meeting (Rome, 1-5 December 2008) Aware that diseases of wildlife are a normal cause of mortality and morbidity, and conscious that emerging or re-emerging diseases of wildlife can have serious implications for the status of migratory and non-migratory species, especially when populations are small and fragmented; Noting that the increased frequency of such diseases has been linked to processes of landscape fragmentation, unsustainable land-use choices, pollution and other types of ecosystem disruption, these being, in turn, the consequences of unsustainable pressure on resources as highlighted by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment; and further noting that climate change is expected to result in changes in disease distribution and emergence due to altered physiological conditions for hosts and parasites, resulting in the spread of novel micro-organisms with unpredictable consequences or the re-emergence of pathogens in new geographic locations; Noting also that domestic animals, wild animals and humans share many pathogens, with wildlife sometimes being natural reservoirs of pathogens that can cause disease in domestic livestock, and that such pathogens have the potential significantly to affect both public health, food production, livelihoods and wider economies; -
Parlamento E Tratados Internacionais: O Modelo Constitucional Do Brasil
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Revista Direitos Fundamentais & Democracia (UniBrasil) ISSN 1982-0496 Licenciado sob uma Licença Creative Commons PARLAMENTO E TRATADOS INTERNACIONAIS: O MODELO CONSTITUCIONAL DO BRASIL PARLIAMENT AND INTERNATIONAL TREATIES: THE CONSTITUTIONAL MODEL OF BRAZIL José Francisco Rezek Graduado em Direito pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (1966), Doutor da Universidade de Paris (Panthéon-Sorbonne) (1970), Diploma in Law da Universidade de Oxford (1979). Foi Procurador da República, Ministro do Supremo Tribunal Federal, Chanceler da República e Juiz da Corte Internacional de Justiça das Nações Unidas. INTRODUÇÃO É da responsabilidade do poder Executivo, mesmo nas grandes democracias parlamentares, a dinâmica das relações internacionais. Notadamente o comprometimento externo formal, a expressão do consentimento do Estado em relação aos tratados, é algo que se materializa sempre num ato de governo - a assinatura, a ratificação, a adesão. Mas é próprio das democracias, ainda que sob o sistema de governo presidencialista, que os pressupostos do consentimento, ditados pelo direito interno, tenham normalmente a forma da consulta ao poder Legislativo. Sempre que o Executivo depende, para comprometer externamente o Estado, de algo mais que sua própria vontade, isto vem a ser em regra a aprovação parlamentar. O modelo suíço, em que o referendo popular precondiciona em caráter permanente a conclusão de certos tratados, configura uma exceção, assim como excepcionais têm sido os episódios avulsos de consulta ao eleitorado quando se cuida, como na Europa dos últimos anos, de integrar determinado país a um processo comunitário de grande desenvoltura e de notáveis consequências. -
Government Appointment Discretion and Judicial Independence: Preference and Opportunistic Effects on Brazilian Courts*
Government Appointment Discretion and Judicial Independence: preference and opportunistic effects on Brazilian Courts* Felipe Lopes Paulo Furquim de Azevedo Insper Working Paper WPE: 371/2017 Government Appointment Discretion and Judicial Independence: preference and opportunistic effects on Brazilian Courts* Felipe Lopes Sao Paulo School of Economics – FGV Paulo Furquim de Azevedo† Insper Institute, and CNPq Abstract The prolific literature on de facto judicial independence misses a key variable: the government’s discretion over the appointment of Supreme Court Justices. In this paper we explore a distinct feature of the Brazilian judiciary system to assess political influence due to government appointment discretion. As there are two courts, the STF (Supreme Federal Court) and the STJ (Superior Court of Justice), which deal with similar matters and have different restrictions on the appointment of their members, it is possible to compare the degree of political influence to which they are subject. We test (1) whether there are differences in the degree of political influence depending on the president’s discretion over the nomination of a justice, and (2) whether the justices actively benefit the party of the president who has appointed them. We find evidence of the former, but not of the latter effect. Keywords: Judicial independence, Supreme Court, appointment discretion * The authors thank Lee Benham, Sandro Cabral, Sergio Lazzarini, Bernardo Mueller, Claude Menard, Aldo Mussachio, Carlos Pereira, and seminar participants at the International Society for New Institutional Economics and FGV for many helpful comments and suggestions. We also are grateful to Ben Schneider and the MIT Political Science Department for providing a fruitful environment for the development of this research. -
Permanent Court of Arbitration Cour Permanente D’Arbitrage
PERMANENT COURT COUR PERMANENTE OF ARBITRATION D’ARBITRAGE 100th annual report 100ème rapport annuel ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL OF THE CONSEIL ADMINISTRATIF DE LA PERMANENT COURT OF ARBITRATION COUR PERMANENTE D’ARBITRAGE On the activities of the Court, Sur les travaux de la Cour, on the functioning of the administra- sur le fonctionnement des services tive services and on the expenditure administratifs et sur les dépenses in 2000 de l’exerice 2000 2000 INTERNATIONAL BUREAU OF THE PERMANENT COURT OF ARBITRATION BUREAU INTERNATIONAL DE LA COUR PERMANENTE D’ARBITRAGE Peace Palace Palais de la Paix 2517 KJ The Hague 2517 KJ La Haye Telephone: +(31) (70) 302 4165 Téléphone: +(31) (70) 302 4165 Fax: +(31) (70) 302 4167 Téléfax: +(31) (70) 302 4167 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.pca-cpa.org Site Internet: http://www.pca-cpa.org Contents page I. Executive Summary 5 II. The Work of the Court and Its International Bureau 6 A. Scope of Activity 6 Arbitration 6 International Commissions of Inquiry and Conciliation 7 Provision of Staff and Facilities 7 Financial Assistance Fund 7 International Cooperation 8 B. Developments in 2000 8 General 8 Registry and Related Activities 9 (a) Registry 9 (b) Iran-United States Claims Tribunal 10 (c) Other Tribunals 10 Designation of Appointing Authorities and Arbitrators by the Secretary-Genera1 10 Environmental Dispute Resolution 13 Cooperation Agreements 13 Increasing Awareness of the PCA System 13 III. States Parties to the Conventions of 1899 and 1907 15 IV. Members of the Permanent Court of Arbitration 15 V. -
Resource Guide for the Second CWC Review Conference 2008
WMD A4 cover & back 5/3/08 10:36 Page 1 hsp the harvard sussex program on chemical and biological weapons (CBW) Resource Guide for the Second CWC Review Conference 2008 etermined for the sake of all mankind, to exclude comple e possibility of the use of chemical weapons Never to develop, produce, otherwise acquire, stockpile or retain chemical weapons Never to assist, encourage or induce, in any way, anyone to engage To destroy chemical weapons Not to use riot control agents as a method of warfare long as the types and quantities are consistent with Take into account any relevant scientific and technological developments Avoids hampering the economic or technolo velopment of States Parties Resource Guide for the CWC Second Review Conference 2008 Prepared by the Harvard Sussex Program Written and compiled by Daniel Feakes and Caitríona McLeish Printed in cooperation with TMC Asser Press, The Hague ISBN: 1-903721-06-7 March 2008 HSP CWC Resource Guide Page 2 of 432 Acknowledgements The authors would firstly like to express their gratitude to the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Portugal and SPRU at the University of Sussex for providing funding for the production, printing and distribution of this Resource Guide. We would like to thank in particular, Sarah Broughton, Lyn Parker, Jacqueline Daley, Hasita Patel, Tsui-Ling Yu, Wouter Wormgoor, Henkcor van der Kwast, Maarten Lak and Filipe Ramalheira. A number of people have offered comments and provided suggestions on various draft versions of the Resource Guide for which we are all very grateful; they include Julian Perry Robinson, Graham Pearson, Jonathan Tucker and Ralf Trapp. -
Nelson Jobim Fernando De Castro Fontainha Christiane Jalles De Paula Leonardo Seiichi Sasada Sato Fabrícia Corrêa Guimarães [Orgs.] 9 EDIÇÃO FGV DIREITO RIO
9 História Oral do Supremo [1988-2013] Nelson Jobim Fernando de Castro Fontainha Christiane Jalles de Paula Leonardo Seiichi Sasada Sato Fabrícia Corrêa Guimarães [orgs.] 9 EDIÇÃO FGV DIREITO RIO Obra Licenciada em Creative Commons Atribuição – Uso Não Comercial – Não a Obras Derivadas Impresso no Brasil / Printed in Brazil Fechamento da 1ª edição em novembro de 2015 Este livro consta na Divisão de Depósito Legal da Biblioteca Nacional. Os conceitos emitidos neste livro são de inteira responsabilidade dos autores. Coordenação Sacha Mofreita Leite, Thaís Teixeira Mesquita e Rodrigo Vianna Projeto gráfico e capa eg.design Evelyn Grumach Diagramação Antonio Valério Revisão Marcia Glenadel Gnanni Ernesto História oral do Supremo (1988-2013), v.9: Nelson Jobim / Fernando de Castro Fontainha, Christiane Jalles de Paula, Leonardo Seiichi Sasada Sato, Fabrícia Corrêa Guimarães (orgs.). – Rio de Janeiro : Escola de Direito do Rio de Janeiro da Fundação Getulio Vargas, 2015. 346 p. Em colaboração com a Direito GV e o CPDOC. Inclui bibliografia. ISBN: 978-85-63265-55-5 1. Brasil. Supremo Tribunal Federal. 2. Jobim, Nelson, 1946- . I. Fontainha, Fernando de Castro. II. Paula, Christiane Jalles de. III. Sato, Leonardo Seiichi Sasada. IV. Guimarães, Fabrícia. V. Escola de Direito do Rio de Janeiro da Fundação Getulio Vargas. VI. Escola de Direito de São Paulo da Fundação Getulio Vargas. VII. Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil. CDD – 341.4191 Todos os direitos desta edição reservados à FGV DIREITO RIO Praia de Botafogo, -
Legal 500 Asia Pacific 2004-2005: Rankings & Listings
Legal 500 Asia Pacific 2004-2005: Rankings & Listings Capital Markets Foreign firms China 1. Allen & Overy LLP Baker & McKenzie Clifford Chance LLP Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer Herbert Smith Linklaters Shearman & Sterling LLP Sidley Austin Brown & Wood LLP Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP Sullivan & Cromwell LLP 2. Davis Polk & Wardwell Deacons Debevoise & Plimpton LLP Johnson Stokes & Master Jones Day Latham & Watkins LLP Morrison & Foerster O’Melveny & Myers LLP Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP Richards Butler Simmons & Simmons White & Case LLP 3. Allens Arthur Robinson Gallant Y.T.Ho & Co Gide Loyrette Nouel Kaye Scholer LLP Livasiri & Co Lovells Mallesons Stephen Jaques Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker LLP Woo, Kwan, Lee & Lo Firms are listed A-Z in tiers which are ranked in order of priority Source: Legal 500 Asia Pacific, 2004/2005 edition. Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliate in the United Kingdom and Italy, where the practice is conducted through an affiliated multinational partnership. © Copyright 2005 Latham & Watkins. All Rights Reserved. Legal 500 Asia Pacific 2004-2005: Rankings & Listings Squire, Sanders & Dempsey LLP Infrastructure and Project Stephenson Harwood Woo, Kwan, Lee & Lo Finance Firms are listed A-Z in tiers which are ranked in order of Foreign firms priority China 1. Latham & Watkins LLP is a major name Allen & Overy LLP in projects worldwide, and has extensive Baker & McKenzie experience on significant projects in China Clifford Chance LLP from its Hong Kong office. The firm Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer advised the PRC and the international Gide Loyrette Nouel bank lenders on the US $4.3bn Nanhai Herbert Smith Petrochemical complex. -
Provisional Rules of Procedure of the Council, Five Members of the Court
Decisions provisional rules of procedure of the Council, five members of the Court for a nine-year term of office beginning on 6 February 2006 to fill the vacancies occurring on the expiration of the terms of office of Mr. Thomas Buergenthal (United States of America), Mr. Nabil Elaraby (Egypt), Mr. Pieter H. Kooijmans (Netherlands), Mr. Francisco Rezek (Brazil) and Mr. Vladlen S. Vereshchetin (Russian Federation). As a result, the International Court of Justice is composed as follows: Mr. SHI Jiuyong (China),** President, Mr. Raymond RANJEVA (Madagascar),* Vice-President, Mr. Ronny ABRAHAM (France),* Mr. Awn Shawkat AL-KHASAWNEH (Jordan),* Mr. Mohamed BENNOUNA (Morocco),*** Mr. Thomas BUERGENTHAL (United States of America),*** Ms. Rosalyn HIGGINS (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland),* Mr. Kenneth KEITH (New Zealand),*** Mr. Abdul G. KOROMA (Sierra Leone),** Mr. Hisashi OWADA (Japan),** Mr. Gonzalo PARRA-ARANGUREN (Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela),* Mr. Bernardo SEPÚLVEDA AMOR (Mexico),*** Mr. Bruno SIMMA (Germany),** Mr. Leonid SKOTNIKOV (Russian Federation)*** and Mr. Peter TOMKA (Slovakia).** ___________________ * Term of office expires on 5 February 2009. ** Term of office expires on 5 February 2012. *** Term of office expires on 5 February 2015. 60/409. Election of the Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme At its 53rd plenary meeting, on 23 November 2005, the General Assembly, on the proposal 3 of the Secretary-General, decided to extend the term of office of Mr. Klaus TÖPFER as Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme for a period of two months, until the end of March 2006. 60/410. Appointment of members of the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions At its 53rd plenary meeting, on 23 November 2005, the General Assembly, on the recommendation of the Fifth Committee,4 appointed the following persons as members of the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions for a three-year term of office beginning on 1 January 2006: Mr. -
CMS Bureau Francis Lefebvre (Chair) (Organisation) Name: CMS Bureau Francis Lefebvre
CMS Bureau Francis Lefebvre (Chair) (Organisation) name: CMS Bureau Francis Lefebvre Acronym: CMS BFL Transparency register 236306318725-94 identification number: Website: www.cms-bfl.com Category: Corporate and more precisely: Professional consultancies Countries/Areas International represented: Goals / remit / activity of With around 380 lawyers CMS Bureau Francis Lefebvre the organisation: is one of the very top multi-disciplinary law firms in France. CMS BFL is a member of CMS, an organisation of 10 major independent European law firms established in 33 countries. The offices are mainly in Europe, but also in North Africa, Middle East, Asia, and South America. The firm is structured around 3 main fields of expertise (tax, employment and business law). Particularly, it has a large team (more than 200 lawyers including 61 partners) offering expertise in all key areas of tax, including disputes, domestic and international M&A, restructuring, financing, real estate, transfer pricing, VAT and local taxes. In addition to work with corporate clients, it also advises individuals on private tax matters. The international taxation department to which Bruno Gibert belongs, counts more than 50 lawyers, including 16 partners. Europe (of which Germany), Africa (of which Morocco), North America (of which USA), or even South America (more particularly Brazil) are part of geographical areas for which the international department expertise is the most notable. If applicable, sectors Industry represented: Level of interests represented: II. CHAIRMAN OF THE EU JTPF – SHORT CV: Name and surname: Bruno Gibert Nationality: French Position: Attorney at Law, Partner in the law firm of CMS Bureau Francis Lefebvre - International taxation / Transfer Pricing Head of the CMS Transfer Pricing group Title: Current professional Mr.