Cortinarius Indopurpurascens Fungal Planet Description Sheets 403

402 Persoonia – Volume 45, 2020

Cortinarius indopurpurascens Fungal Planet description sheets 403

Fungal Planet 1180 – 19 December 2020 Cortinarius indopurpurascens Dima, Semwal, Brandrud, V. Papp, & V.K. Bhatt, sp. nov. Etymology. The epithet refers to the occurrence in India and the close Notes — Cortinarius indopurpurascens belongs to the sect. relationship with Cortinarius purpurascens. Purpurascentes based on morphological and molecular (nrDNA Classification — Cortinariaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomy- ITS and LSU regions) data. The species in this section are cetes. characterised by basidiomata with purplish lilac tinges mainly in young stages of development, surfaces and context becoming Pileus 45–65 mm diam, convex to plano-convex, then ap- purplish-lilac on bruising, especially on the lamellae, a positive planate, margin uplifted with age, surface sticky to glutinous, Lugol reaction in the context, moderate to strong honey-like glabrous, with a few darker, hygrophanous spots or radial smell, and ellipsoid to subamygdaloid, distinctly-strongly verru- streaks, initially pale bluish grey (Methuen 12B3–12C3) with an cose spores (Saar et al. 2014, Soop et al. 2019). The nrDNA ITS ochraceous tinge at disc, then becoming somewhat ochraceous sequences of the three studied C. indopurpurascens specimens brown from centre (6C6, 6D8–6C5). Lamellae emarginate, are identical and form a well-supported monophyletic group crowded, bifurcate towards margin, up to 7 mm broad, lamel- within sect. Purpurascentes closely related to the European lulae of various lengths, bright purple, amethyst to reddish C. purpurascens, and to an undescribed Cortinarius species lilac tinge (15A6, 15C5–14B5), turning darker purplish when from North America (see Supplementary Material FP1180). It bruised. Stipe 50–70 × 10–17 mm, cylindrical with a 17–24 differs by 9–10 nucleotide and indel positions (98.5–98.3 % mm wide roundish marginated bulb at the base, concolorous similarity) from C. purpurascens and 6–8 nucleotide and indel with lamellae, purple to amethyst (15A6–15C5), reddish lilac position (99–98.7 % similarity) from Cortinarius sp. tinged (14B5) when mature or bruised. Few remnants of cortina In morphology C. indopurpurascens is most similar to the mainly present at the upper half. Universal veil at bulb margin thin and European C. purpurascens and C. collocandoides; both species indistinct. Context purplish. Odour honey-like, especially when may possess strong lilac-purplish tinges on the basidiomata, bruised. Taste not recorded. Spore print cocoa brown (6E7). and show a distinctly marginate bulb. According to material Basidiospores (9.3–)9.7–10.3(–10.9) × (5.2–)5.4–5.7(–5.9) seen, C. indopurpurascens seems to be a paler species, being μm, av. = 9.9 × 5.5 μm, Q = (1.6–)1.7–1.8(–1.9), Qav = 1.75, pale bluish grey when young, a colour reminding more of C. n = 60, (ellipsoid to) subamygdaloid, strongly verrucose, with porphyropus (a more distant relative with non-marginated bulb), discrete, hardly interconnected warts. Basidia 4-spored, 26–33 than of C. purpurascens. With regard to microcharacters, the × 6–8 μm, clavate. European species have significantly smaller spores (C. pur- Habitat & Distribution — Solitary to caespitose, occurring purascens: av. = 8 × 4.9 μm and C. collocandoides: av. = 9.2 among leaf litter of the evergreen banj oak Quercus leuco × 5.4 μm vs C. indopurpurascens: 9.9 × 5.5 μm). Furthermore, trichophora, on humicolous soil, in temperate broadleaved, among the five European species in this section (Saar et al. Himalayan mid-elevation forests, dominated by mainly Q. leuco 2014), all taxa have smaller and broader spores than those of trichophora, Myrica esculenta with scattered Rhododendron C. indopurpurascens. Ecologically, C. indopurpurascens seems arboreum trees. to be associated with the Himalayan, evergreen Quercus leu- Typus. India, Uttarakhand, Pauri Garhwal, Mundneshwar, 1820 m asl, cotrichophora, whereas, the closely related, mainly European N29°01'5" E78°44'32", 12 Aug. 2015, K.C. Semwal (holotype KCS 2442, C. purpurascens is associated with a wide range of trees, in- ITS sequence GenBank MW135432, MycoBank MB837766). cluding oaks, but normally do not occur under (Mediterranean) Additional materials examined. India, Uttarakhand, Pauri Garhwal, Phedhkal, evergreen oaks. It should be noted that C. purpurascens also 1880 m asl, N30°16'36" E78°85'42", 17 Aug. 2015, K.C. Semwal, KCS 2467, follows the coniferous boreal-taiga belt into Asian Siberia, but ITS sequence GenBank MW135431; Dandapani, 1900 m asl, 28 July 2015, here it is known only from Pinus sylvestris forests (pers. obs.), K.C. Semwal, KCS 2529, ITS sequence GenBank MW135430. and it is highly unlikely that C. indopurpurascens and C. purpurascens have an overlapping distribution.

Supplementary material FP1180 Phylogenetic tree of Cortinarius sect. Purpurascentes derived from Maximum Likelihood analysis based on nrITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and binary data from indel coding with FastGap v. 1.2 (Borchsenius 2009). Analysis was performed in raxmlGUI v. 1.5.2 (Silvestro & Michalak 2012) using the GTR- GAMMA substitution model for the partitioned (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) nucleotide Colour illustrations. India, Uttarakhand, Pauri Garhwal, Mundneshwar, data and the default setting for binary (indel) data. ML bootstrap support (BS) type locality. Spores and basidiomata (from KCS 2442, holotype). Scale bar values are shown at the nodes (BS > 70 %). Sequences of the new species = 10 µm (spores). are highlighted in blue.

Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: [email protected] Kamal C. Semwal, Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Eritrea Institute of Technology, Mai Nafhi, Asmara, Eritrea; e-mail: [email protected] Tor Erik Brandrud, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway; e-mail: [email protected] Viktor Papp, Institute of Horticultural Plant Biology, Szent István University, H-1518, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: [email protected] Vinod K. Bhatt, Navdanya, 105, Rajpur Road, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India; e-mail: [email protected]