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AER April 2021 OSPACE AERO INDIA REVIEW CELERA 500L ANALYSIS EARTH OBSERVATION www.aerosociety.com April 2021 April Volume 48 Number 4 Volume Royal Aeronautical Society Royal Aeronautical BACK TO BASICS DOES COVID-19 PRESENT AN OPPORTUNITY TO REBOOT PILOT TRAINING? Find Success with AIAA Online Courses AIAA online short courses help you stay sharp while improving your knowledge base. The 2021 spring catalog features 11 courses spanning an array of disciplines. We’re committed to assisting in your professional development and maximizing your success. Enroll in an upcoming course. Hypersonics: Test and Evaluation 18 March–8 April | 4 Lectures | 8 Total Hours Design of Space Launch Vehicles 6 April–13 May | 12 Lectures | 24 Total Hours Missile Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Guidance 14–30 April | 6 Lectures | 12 Total Hours Electrochemical Energy Systems for Electrified Aircraft Propulsion: Batteries and Fuel Cell Systems 5 May–28 May | 8 Lectures | 16 Total Hours Optimal Control Techniques for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles On Demand | 20 Lectures | Approx. 9 Total Hours Can’t attend the live online lectures? Courses will be available on demand. BROWSE THE FULL COURSE CATALOG aiaa.org/SpringCourses Volume 48 Number 4 April 2021 EDITORIAL Contents The ‘white heat’ of a Regulars 4 Radome 12 Transmission The latest aviation and Your letters, emails, tweets defence review aeronautical intelligence, and social media feedback. As AEROSPACE goes to press, the UK government is set to unveil what has analysis and comment. 58 The Last Word been touted as the most radical defence review in a generation, preparing 11 Pushing the Envelope Keith Hayward questions Britain’s armed forces and getting them ‘match fit’ for the near-peer and Rob Coppinger considers whether the Brabazon ‘grey zone’ conflicts of the 21st Century – where potential adversaries may European studies of Committee of the 1940s is field advanced EW, cyber, weaponised drones, stealth fighters, satellites and Reaction Engines’ SABRE the best role model for the technology. UK’s future aerospace plans. hypersonics. Aiming to become a ‘science and technology superpower’ the first half of the Integrated Review, Global Britain in a Competitive Age, sets Features out the UK’s strategic ambitions. The emphasis on science and technology, a new ‘DARPA’-like high-risk body and mentions of FCAS are welcome moves 26 Private eyes on Earth How small satellites are leading by the UK to invest in future capabilities and boost the ‘prosperity agenda’. a revolution in 24/7 Earth Significantly, the review also mentions that the 2012 ‘competition by default’ observation. rules for defence procurement will be reversed, with national industrial capability Spencer Lisenby prioritised over off-the-shelf foreign imports. Yet, to pay for these future capabilities, the current armed forces are set to be reduced significantly. While 14 30 the Army looks to take the brunt, RAF airlift is to be cut with the early retirement of C-130J fleet and the axing of No 32 Sqn (The Royal Flight). ISR is to take Airline pilot training – time a hammering with no crewed replacements for Sentinel or Islander spyplanes to revisit the basics? Does the Covid-19 pandemic and the crucial ‘force multiplers’ of E-7 Wedgetails reduced to just three. While A need for speed present an opportunity to A model glider enthusiast flies a decision over final F-35 numbers beyond 48 has been postponed, current reset and improve airline pilot a glider at 548mph using the combat air is to be reduced, with 24 Tranche 1 Typhoons retired early. Some of training? principle of dynamic soaring. these cuts in conventional forces are thus set to be balanced by a more opaque 18 Soaring aspirations and muscular UK nuclear deterrence posture, betting that raising the cap on Report on the 2021 Aero nuclear warheads will tide things over until these new future capabilities are in India aerospace and defence 34 Shape shifters airshow. How new technology is service. enabling engineers to create morphing aircraft which can Tim Robinson FRAeS, Editor-in-Chief Otto Aviation change shape in flight. [email protected] @RAeSTimR EAG Correspondence on all aerospace matters is welcome at: [email protected] Editor-in-Chief Editorial Office 2021 AEROSPACE subscription 20 Tim Robinson, FRAeS Royal Aeronautical Society rates: Non-members, £190 +44 (0)20 7670 4353 No.4 Hamilton Place To place your order, contact: 38 [email protected] London W1J 7BQ, UK Wayne J Davis +44 (0)20 7670 4300 Deputy Editor +44 (0)20 7670 4354 Going with the flow Reimagining the future of [email protected] Bill Read, FRAeS [email protected] An analysis of the radical civil aviation +44 (0)20 7670 4351 www.aerosociety.com Any member not requiring a print efficiency and economic A Cranfield University virtual [email protected] AEROSPACE is published by the Royal version of this magazine should advantages claimed for Otto summit looked at opportunities Aeronautical Society (RAeS). contact: [email protected] Production Manager Aviation’s unconventionally- for the international aerospace Wayne J Davis Chief Executive USA: Periodical postage paid at shaped Celera 500L. industry in a post-Covid world. +44 (0)20 7670 4354 Sir Brian Burridge CBE FRAeS Champlain New York and additional [email protected] Advertising offices. +44 (0)20 7670 4346 Publications Executive Postmaster: Send address changes [email protected] Chris Male, MRAeS to IMS of New York, PO Box 1518, Afterburner Champlain NY 12919-1518, USA. +44 (0)20 7670 4352 Unless specifically attributed, no 44 Message from our President [email protected] material in AEROSPACE shall be taken ISSN 2052-451X 45 Message from our Chief Executive Production Executive to represent the opinion of the RAeS. Annabel Hallam Reproduction of material used in this 46 Book Reviews +44 (0)20 7670 4361 publication is not permitted without the [email protected] written consent of the Editor-in-Chief. 49 Library Additions Book Review Editors Printed by Buxton Press Limited, 50 New Members Spotlight Tony Pilmer and Katrina Sudell Palace Road, Buxton, Derbyshire 51 2021 RAeS AGM [email protected] SK17 6AE, UK 52 RAeS Diary Original artwork ©Wayne J Davis/RAeS Distributed by Royal Mail 54 Obituaries Additional content is available to view online at: aerosociety.com/aerospaceinsight Read AEROSPACE and the insight blog on your Including: UK sustainable aviation fuels, New Member Spotlight, Peace talks in Airbus-Boeing subsidy row?, Drone and aircraft collision tests, 150 years of wind tunnels, In the March 2021 issue of smartphone or tablet with the AEROSPACE app Online AEROSPACE, The future of military rotorcraft, Aero India show report, Transonic model glider. APP available from iTunes and Google Play Front cover: Cessna 172 cockpit instruments. (123rf) @aerosociety i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com APRIL 2021 13 Blueprint INTELLIGENCE / ANALYSIS / COMMENT New engines The S-64F+ would also see the existing P&W JFTD12 engines replaced with new, as yet unnamed, more powerful turboshaft engines and a FADEC. Enter the Matrix Erickson has partnered with Sikorsky to bring its autonomous fly-by-wire Matrix Technology to the S-64F+ to allow optionally piloted operations. Trialled by Sikorsky on its S-76 demonstrator, Matrix and new cockpit avionics will also enhance situational awareness and flight safety in the piloted mode during day and night operations. An HUD may also be fitted. Erickson 4 AEROSPACE New composite blades The S-64F+ would feature FAA-certificated composite main rotor blades, giving performance gains, including increased payload and climb rate, reduced vibration, fuel savings and interchangeability with legacy blades. Water cannon The civil firefighting variant of the S-64F+ would also feature an enhanced water cannon, able to tackle high-rise fires from 70m away and capable of pumping 800 gallons of water a minute. DEFENCE 21st Century Skycrane Portland, US-based Erickson, which holds the type certificate for the CH-64 heavy-lift helicopter, still in service in civil roles, such as firefighting as the Air Crane, has proposed a modernised military variant with autonomous capabilities. The updated fly-by-wire S-64F+ Air Crane would be optionally piloted, and would allow US Army Chinooks and USMC CH-53K helicopters to be freed up for front-line duties. The S-64F+ will also be pitched at the civil firefighting market. The company plans to fly an optionally piloted version next year and is converting its famous ‘Elvis’ S-64 to act as the S-64F+ prototype. Customer deliveries are expected to begin in 2024. APRIL 2021 5 Radome COVID-19 AIR TRANSPORT AEROSPACE Post-Covid airline pilot First delivery of global vaccine- shortage predicted sharing scheme touches down A new survey from for the deep-seated the consulting arm of global airline pilot Oliver Wyman claims shortage, with 25,000- that airlines could suffer 35,000 current and from a ‘supply shock’ future pilots choosing shortage of pilots by up alternative career paths to 12,000 worldwide over the next decade. by 2023 and potentially The report says that the up to 50,000 by 2025, shortage will be most as aviation recovers acute in North America UNICEF from the Covid-19 which has an ageing On 24 February, a UNICEF cargo flight, carrying 600,000 vaccines, touched pandemic. The firm pilot population, many down in Accra, Ghana, the first delivery of vaccines under a global vaccine-sharing says the pandemic is of whom have already scheme. The COVAX vaccines were flown in from Mumbai, India, using an Emirates a ‘momentary reprieve’ retired early. Boeing 777 airliner. AIR TRANSPORT AEROSPACE Lufthansa reports worst ever loss Deliveries for regional Lufthansa airframers nosedive Turboprop manufacturer to deliver around ATR has revealed 20 aircraft this year.