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Maritime Sector Developments in the Global Markets

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Maritime Sector Developments in the Global Markets Maritime sector developments in the global markets SmartComp Research Report No 3, October 2013 The Smart Comp project is partly financed1 by the Central Baltic INTERREG IV A Programme 2007-2013. CONTENTS 1 Summary .............................................................................................................................. 3 2 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 About SmartComp and this report.......................................................................................... 7 2.2 Research group and structure of the research ....................................................................... 7 3 Key clusters in the global maritime sector ........................................................................... 10 3.1 Brazil ...................................................................................................................................... 10 3.2 China ..................................................................................................................................... 15 3.3 Denmark ................................................................................................................................ 22 3.4 France .................................................................................................................................... 26 3.5 Germany ................................................................................................................................ 32 3.6 Italy........................................................................................................................................ 37 3.7 Japan ..................................................................................................................................... 41 3.8 The Netherlands .................................................................................................................... 46 3.9 Norway .................................................................................................................................. 52 3.10 Russia .................................................................................................................................... 58 3.11 Singapore .............................................................................................................................. 63 3.12 South Korea ........................................................................................................................... 69 4 Other interesting countries and regions .............................................................................. 74 4.1 Africa ..................................................................................................................................... 74 4.2 Australia ................................................................................................................................ 76 4.3 India ...................................................................................................................................... 78 4.4 Indonesia ............................................................................................................................... 80 4.5 Malaysia ................................................................................................................................ 82 4.6 The Middle East .................................................................................................................... 83 4.7 North America ....................................................................................................................... 86 4.8 The Philippines ...................................................................................................................... 90 4.9 Vietnam ................................................................................................................................. 93 5 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................ 96 5.1 Summary of the key maritime clusters outside the CBR ...................................................... 96 5.2 Business opportunities for the CBR actors in global markets ............................................... 99 5.3 Possibilities for learning and benchmarking ....................................................................... 101 6 References ....................................................................................................................... 104 1 SUMMARY The aim of this report is to discuss and analyse the global developments in the maritime sector and hence provide new perspectives for visioning the future of the maritime clusters in the Central Baltic region (CBR). Based on a vast desk study and expert interviews, the report presents the recent developments and future prospects in the most important maritime clusters around the world. The countries and regions studied in this report are illustrated in the following figure1. Figure 1. The countries and regions analysed in the third SmartComp Research Report Germany Denmark The Netherlands Norway Russia North America France Japan Italy China South Korea India Vietnam The The Philippines Middle Indonesia East Africa Brazil Malaysia Singapore Australia The Central Baltic region Key maritime clusters in global markets Other interesting countries and regions 1 Source of the original map: www.free-world-maps.com. 3 The report concludes that there is growing global demand for cleantech solutions, design and engineering services, ship repair and conversion services, offshore expertise, and Arctic expertise. In highly developed maritime clusters the market potential lies mostly in niche technologies and services, whereas clusters at lower stages of development provide markets for various infrastructural suppliers as well as project management and personnel training experts. However, in the growing markets there are also more and more competing actors. Although knowhow in the aforementioned technologies forms the current competitive advantage of the CBR maritime clusters, there are also other actors providing state-of-the-art expertise in the same fields. For instance the offshore sector seems to be very attractive as almost all of the studied regions plan to focus on the related activities and expertise. Thus, although the offshore markets are extensive, there is eventually room only for the best of the best. It seems that the future competitiveness of the CBR actors lies in highly specific niches, but even when holding the world-leading technologies and expertise, no company should ever rest on one’s laurels – R&D as well as marketing efforts need to be continuous. It is also clearly worth noting that competing clusters have been smarter in some dimensions of developing the maritime sector. The CBR clusters should thus closely follow not only the market developments but also technological, infrastructural and business-related advancements in the studied regions, Denmark, Norway and Singapore presenting very interesting examples. Governments play a key role in the development of these successful clusters, most importantly through clearly defined visions of the clusters’ future, which are then implemented in cooperation with strongly committed stakeholder efforts and supported by the relevant infrastructural developments. Simultaneously the local associations are not only supporting the interests of their members within the national cluster but are involved also in international discourse and active marketing of the domestic expertise. New research centers are being established with mixtures of public and private funding, coming even from foreign companies. The public and private actors also cooperate in developing the local maritime education and in improving the image of this traditional industry towards a modern and more attractive field of work. Local companies are thus actively linked with the state authorities, local research institutions, and also international business networks. The report shows that even the most successful clusters have significant challenges, but with active triple helix cooperation, brave industry networking, and strong investments in implementing ambitious visions, the clusters will continue successful development. The CBR maritime clusters seem to lack a clear vision and strategy for developing the sector, and the public actors should rapidly decide on the direction to which the development efforts should aim at. Without a clear vision and strong commitment, the triple helix cooperation cannot solve the significant problems these clusters are facing. At the same time, the CBR maritime clusters should actively build presence in the global markets – that is the only way to discover emerging business opportunities and take the others’ smart solutions and best practices back home. 4 2 INTRODUCTION The global maritime sector is facing great changes. The shipbuilding industry worldwide is suffering from a significant excess capacity, particularly due to the large improvements in the productivity of the shipyards and the over-investments in the industry. The production capacity, particularly in several Asian countries, was expanded forcefully before the economic crisis – for instance, in only a few years, China rose to the largest shipbuilding nation in the world. Europe, on the other hand, has lost its market share for the
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