, •••••••••••• p ••• Atari®presents the five greatest advances in the creative arts since someone put 72 crayons in one box.

What would Cezanne say to an bois as well as words. So everyone basics you'll be ready to move up to electronic orange? Surely Van from preschoolers to grandparents ATARI Music Compose z4' and Gogh would go for some flowers can create without going near the create original compositions in four painted in phosphors (those glow­ keyboard. part harmony! ing things in your 1V screen). And All of these programs were de­ you bet Beethoven would be blown signed to get the best from your away by a computer synthesized ATARI Computer, including the symphony ATARI 800XL H ' or the less expensive Too bad . They were all born too ATAR! 600XU" Both machines give early But luckily you weren 't. Be­ you unsurpassed Atari graphics cause Atari makes several home and four sound channels. And computer products to help you whether you're painting with light create all these things and more . or composing at the com - ~ First, there 's ATARI Paint;" the puter keyboard , you can store E!P program that turns the joystick you your creation on the ATARI ... already own into a computerized 101OT'I Program Recorder d paintbrush that helps you explore or the more sophisticated H ~ the fascinating world of computer 1050 ' Disk Drive. art. \ And if all that doesn't Get the muglc touch with Atart Light Pen lets you convince you that our new Atart Touch Tablet. write rtght on the screen. programs are a giant step beyond The ATARI Touch ATARI Light Pen with Atari­ crayons , consider this: the kids Tablet with Atari­ Graphics H , software cartridge is will never write on the wall with a Artisf" software among the best tools available for computer. cartridge turns teaching hands-on computer cre­ ' Super Bools" Sonware develo ped by Capital ChJldren's Museum. WashJnglon. D.C.. licensed by Reston PublishJng your 1V into a ativity. To draw circles , rect­ Company, Inc. Cl 1982 Reston Publishing Com pany, Inc. magic palette of angles, or simply fool around with All Rights Reserved . 128 dazzling colors . freehand sketching, just press the The Touch Tablet works a pen to your 1V screen and VOILA little like an electronic slate. Hook it ... A trail of sparkling color follows it. into any ATARI Computer and what You can fill in your sketches with you draw on the tablet will in­ one or more of 128 colors . Or )~ stantly appear on your 1V screen. choose from over 2,800 patterns. You can draw on the Touch Tablet Roll over Beethoven, DISCOVER with the unique electronic stylus AtariMuslC Is here. that comes with it-or even with Sure, Beethoven took music les­ WHAT YOU AND your finger sons. But even he didn 't get the And all the on "screen com ­ head start you 'll get with ATARI mands that control your Touch Tab­ AtariMusic H\ I or AtariMusic H\ II. let are labelled with simple sym- And once you understand the CANDO. 01964 Alan ine AU RlghlS Rosorved O A 'NamerCom mumcatloru Company .. u

VOLUME1,NUMBER 9

FEATURES DEPARTMENTS

SPECIALSECTION: SUMMER GAMES 1984 FEEDBACK:Readers react to 4 The Olympics are on-line. ENTER's in-depth look at the impact of computer break-ins. computers on this world competition, including: COMPUTERSAT THE GAMES: 10 Ways Micros Are Being Used 30 BITS:A byte of news briefs. 6 TOUCHOF GOW: Digitizing Athletes 34 ASKENTER: Our Help-Line. 8 AMERICA'SHIGH-TECH TRAINING CENTER 37 CARLLEWIS: Feet First Into the Computer Age 40 RANDOMACCESS: The Kids 9 column. VIDEOGAME OLYMPICS: Game Reviews 44 ANDNOW A WORDFROM OUR COMPUTER: 46 USERVIEWS: Game reviews. 10 Olympic TV Coverage NEWSBEAT: Computer News. 14 THELA ISTSTARFIGHTER 22 Behind-the-scenes of the very nirst movie with special effects SHOWBEAT: Entertainment . 16 created by a supercomputer. Plus a close-up interview with Starfighter star Lance Guest. PACESETTERS:Will Harvey, 18 17, designs hit software. HANDS-ONHIGH-TECH 48 A summer guide to places where you can touch the technology CONNECTIONS:News to use. -computer museums and amusement parks across the 20 country. INPUT:Your Opinions. 63 IIe ORNOT lIe? 52 A preview of Apple's new portable computer. NEXT:Coming attractions and 64 answers. CONTESTIII 54 Win $500 in software in our artful computer contest. PROGRAMMING

BASICTRAINING: Programs 55 for Apple, Atari, Com. VIC and 64 , IBM , TI. , Timex and TRS-80.

BASICGLOSSARY: Computer 58 Vocabulary.

Cover: Computer-generated background by National Imagemakers. Photo by Steven E. Sutton /Duomo.

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER <1<1<____ _

II()L. 1. NU 9. JULY/AUGUST1984 © 1984

Publisher Nina8. UIli< EdllDr Ira Wollman Art OlrecllJr JayeMedalia ENTER'SPRESIDENTIAL POll S,"ior Editor Jim lewis M.",""EdlllIr AuraMarrero omputers can't shake hands, kiss babies, or make ' Tedl/l/QI EdllOr RichardCh l!Y31 campaign speeches. But that hasn't stopped them from Auoc•• Edilllll PalriciaBerry, Susan Jarrell becoming very important in political campaigns. In this Au/$"n/ EtIIlDr year's presidential election, computers are being used to ElizabelhHeniCh AuJ,,.,,/ Art Olrec/ot C Joan Endres make election projections, send out "personalized" fund-raising Cl/lltrlbuIII/f EdllDfS letters, tabulate poll results and much more. Bernie0eK0ven. Fred D ·lgnazio. MikeEde/harl, David Pooell. Phil Wi_II We want to know exactly how micros and mainframes are ..,,,/eo,,/ Editor Sl&I1 Meyers affecting the election. In fact, we're working on a story about it Edl/Dtf.1 CDIIsul/lnlr for the November ENTER. And we'd like your help. AndrewGulelle. Fref!, Jefl Nilson In this issue, you'll find a special ENTER Election postcard. RESEARCH R.s•• rcIIOlreclor/Publlu/ion, Madeline8oskey-Olsen It asks questions about your choice in the presidential election, Au/$/.nt OireclDrMichele Fred( and it won't cost you anything to mail. We don't want your name. R.se.rr:ll#JrAndres HenriQuCl Just tell us which candidate you'd vote for. Then answer a few BUSINESS Bu,lneu MIM."r JohnG. Colson other questions, like how big a town you come from, and what C/rcul.,11/IIOlreClDr lynn Aussolillo type of computer you use. Fulnllm.n/ M.nager lucille Friedman With a little help from our computer, we'll calculate your votes. PromotionManager ElizabelhMcNamara l'rotIudion Oireclor CarlosN . Crosbie We'll be able to show whether Atari owners tend to vote Aul'lIII/ Produclillfl Man."r Kathylee

Republican or Democrat, and which issue Apple users think is ADVERTISINGSALES most important. We'll tabulate TRS-80s and 1.l.s, calculate AtIvertIsl", ~irectorMylesGrossman AtlVtrtl,l", CDDnlltJalDrJayne Porrazzo Commodores, add up Adams, and include IBMs. And if you haven't got a computer at , your vote counts just as ADVISORS all-well P",id.nlllnlDrKliv. Sci.nces. Inc. JoanTarg much. Aulbor/EducalDrDaniel H . Wall.Ph .D. YoulltAdvisors Eric Babine!. ElizabelhDisney . Cynll1ia Elias.

The results won't shake the nation politically. But we hope you Danlhamon . BelaSelend~ GregTraulman

can help us show how computers are affecting "The Making of the CHILDREN'STElEVISION WORKSHOP President, 1984." Pres/den/Joan Ganl Cooney Execu/iv. VicePresld.nt David v.8. Brill

All you need to take part in our digital debate is a pencil or Presldenl/CTWProducts Group Will iamF. Whaley pen. Remember, it won't cost you anything to mail in our ENTER VicePre,illen/and Gene,,1Counsel Chrislopher W Congallon Election card. So make your views known-vote! VIcePr .. ldent/ExecutlveProducer Dav id D. Connell VicePresltl.nl/Fina_ and Adminisln/ion C. SueCushman VicePresld.nt/Communlty EdueIIlon Sewlc .. EvelynP Davis Vic. Pre,ldenllPubllc Aff.lrs RoberlA . Halch VicePresident/Production Allred Hyslop Vic. Presldent/Periodlull GroupN ina8. link VicePresldenl/Compu/er Sollware GroupRoberl Madell Vic. Pres/tlenl/R.se.rch KeilhM ielke VicePres/denl/ San/or Researcll F.llow Dr.Edward L Palmer

ADVERTISINGSAI£S OFFICES MylesGrossman/Adve rlising Direclor Ira Wolfman ENTERMagaz ine Onelincoln Plaza Editor NewYork. NY 10023 (212)595-3456

Appliedfor membershi~Audil Bureau 01 C icculalions.

2 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 rr--

THENEW fANTASY·ADVENTURE SERIES yoU'VEBEEN IAITING fOR!

by RHONDl VILOTT WHERE IT'S UP TO YOU TO CHOOSE A PATHWAY TO THE MAGIC REALMS! DRAGONTALES #1 DRAGONTALES #2 SWORD DAUGHTER'S QUEST RUNESWORD Your career as a swordswoman seems Wouldn't you be the hero of your village if you doomed before it's even begun when a band found the dwarf king's treasure and mas­ of orcs slay your father. A handsome, half­ tered the legendary Runesword? But watch elven Ranger rescues you. Should you join out! You might fall victim to barrow wights, him on a mission beneath the sacred lake, or mudgoons or the terrible anger of the dwarf go alone to seek vengeance on the orcs? king himself. Choose wisely and find both Choose wisely for both your heart and your fame and fortune! $1.95 sword! $1.95 CD SIGNET <,

EEDBACK

encourage that person's appetite by the F.B.I. They called him "The COMPUTER for future computer thievery. Whiz." He broke into other com­ However innocent it may seem to puters (company mainframes) BREAK-INS a teenager who just enjoys the and messed up info. When the "challenge" of breaking and enter- F.B.1.came to his house, he was n March, we told you the story still in school. His parents were in of Paul, the youngest member shock. The F.B.I. took every­ I of the 414s, a group of Mil­ thing- his computer, notes, waukee hackers who broke into programs. They won 't give back other people's computers. his computer. -Randy Pachnik We asked ENTER readers to tell Detroit, MI us what they thought about the computer break-in problem. One out of every ten readers MANvs. MACHINE responding to our Input poll said they knew someone who had I liked your interview with the gained access to a mainframe youngest 414, Paul. I don't think illegally. Some of you sent us they should be charged with any­ letters about the break-ins. Here's thing ... it's like a challenge what you had to say: ing computer systems illegally, no between man and machine. They computer magazine-especially only should be charged if they one geared for youth-should en­ deleted something that's very im- I WASCAUGHT, TOO courage this type of ethics. Our portant. -Ron Anson penitentiaries are full of people San Diego, CA I feel that what the 414s are who sought after very similar doing is fully illegal. I know about "challenges." -J. Robert Fox computer crime. I was caught for Foley, MN PAUL'SFUTURE computer piracy earlier this year. Fortunately, no charges were Dear Mr. Fox: I hope you will tell what eventually brought forth. I was really scared. ENTER was not "encouraging" happens to Paul in your future However, I also feel that if they computer break-ins. The point of issues. -Sean Sheldrake don't intend any harm, they "Going Straight" was to show Portland, OR should be befriended by the the serious consequences owner of the computer broken into of computer break-ins. You Dear Sean: (as "Going Straight " suggested). may disagree with Geoffrey Paul is still waiting to hear what -Brian S. Joseph Goodfellow's tactics, but we all could happen to him. Fall River, MA agree with his goa/- to steer Meanwhile, in March, two of hackers "towards more construc­ the other 414s pleaded guilty to tive use of their talents ." -Ed . misdemeanor charges. They face COMPUTERCRIMINALS a maximum penalty of a year in jail and $1,000 in fines . I disagree very strongly with the DETROITBREAK-IN Since the 414 incident, a moral lesson taught in the article number of states have passed "Going Straight. " Rewarding such I very much liked the exclusive tougher laws banning break-ins . criminals by hiring them to better Computer Break-In Report. I know Future offenders will face even protect your system is going to a hacker in Detroit who got busted greater penalties. -Ed . rn

4 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 WE CREATED IT. FAMILY COMPUTING RATED IT. **** INTRODUCING u4 STAR" PUZZLE MANIA. Puzzle Mania" is a challenging jigsaw program for puzzle lovers. Puzzle Mania is also an inspired jigsaw program for puzzle creators. Because in addition to the seven great puzzles on the disk, you can crea te your own pictures on the screen, pain t them in sixteen differen t colors and let the program turn them into puzzles to save on a separate disk. Each Puzzle Mania puzzle (including your own creations) can be played on six levels of difficulty. There's help when you need it. And all turns are tallied. So you can turn the puzzle play into competitive play. If you have to part with a puzzle before it's finished, there's a stop-and-save feature built into the program, too. Reader's Digest Software created Puzzle Mania for kids and their friends and their par:ents and their grandparents and everybody else who likes fun and games. Look for it at your software store or call Customer Service at 1-800-431-8800. (NY: 1-800-262-2627; AK, HI: 914-769-7000; Canada: 514-934-0751). SOFTWARE GOOD ENOUGH TO GO OUT AND BUY A COMPUTER FOR.

R E A D E R ' S D . 1 G E S T ®

Warranty infonnation available upon request by writing to: Reader's Digest Services. Inc .. Microcomputer Software Division. Pleasantville. N.Y. 10570. Puzzl", Mania runs on Apple~U,II Plus, De. lie (48K), Commodoree 64. IBMe PC and PCjr. Disk drive and color monitor required. Family Computing is a publication of Scholastic. Inc. Apple is a registered trademark of Apple Computer. Inc. Commodore>is a registered trademark cJ Commodore Electronics Limited. IBM is registered trademark of International Business Machines Corp. •• • L os '"' .:. l • ."_

DATADATES leases and address labels. (And drawn. That was because the ENTER is taking its own presIden­ Egyptians' complex alphabet sym­ tial pol/-see "Inside Story" for bols-known as hieroglyphics­ details.) could not be reproduced by a But at least one election-year printer. Now, a word-processing use of computers hasn't gotten program developed at Brown Uni­ many votes of approval. Ronald versity lets scholars spell out Reagan's campaign tried using a hieroglyphics on the computer computer to dial phone numbers screen. This should make it easier and have a computer-created to produce the first hieroglyphics voice ask a question. But before dictionary. the question was done, half the Computers may still be Greek to 12,000 people being called cast some people, but they are making their votes against computer Egyptologists smile all the way voices. down the Nile. They hung up. .... ------The senior class at Billerca High ....------School in Billerca, Massachusetts, SUGGESTIONBOX has turned computer dating into a PYRAMIDCOMPUTING class act. You're watching TV and sud­ The seniors hired a computer The Pharoah never had a PC, denly you get the urge to do your dating service and had 1,600 . and the Sphinx never spent time in homework. students fill out special question­ Silicon Valley, but now computers Is this some kind of miracle (or naires. The dating service's are helping us understand the nightmare)? No, but it does dem­ computer took this data and pro­ onstrate the power of suggestion, duced a personalized list of 10 and the power of a new program perfect classmate dates for each from The Stimultech Company of student. Each list sold for $1.50, East Lansing, Michigan. Stim­ and the seniors used the money to ultech has developed a program, pay for a class trip. Expando Vision, that uses the And who said computers aren't power of suggestion-and a romantic? computer and TV-to give you ...------personal pep talks. You plug Expando Vision into your Com­ VOTERSBYTE BACK modore or Atari computer. Every two minutes, it flashes a message Will a computer help elect our on the TV screen for one-thirtieth of next president? a second. The message can be Probably. Most of the major something like "Study Hard" or candidates are using computer "Exercise is Fun." You're not con­ technology to take care of many sciously aware of the message, campaign chores. Walter Mon­ but it puts the idea in your head. dale's campaign, for example, language of the ancient Egyp­ Does this conjure up visions of uses computers to keep track of tians. mind control and 1984? No prob­ the candidate's daily schedule, Until now, reproductions of these lem, claims Stimultech's Wallace and to print out letters, press re- ancient texts had to be hand- LaBenne. You see, he says, you

6 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 robot has to stay away from the written a computer program de­ gaming tables. Officials fear Rich signed to teach goalies the best may be rigged with cameras or way to defend the net. On screen, other methods of sneaking a the hockey rink is divided into sec­ peek at players' hands. tions. The program shows goalies The state's ruling has been ap- how they must move to block shots. pealed, but for now the mech­ Rene hopes it will help. But we anical cardsharp has to steer suspect that hockey super-scorer clear of betting. Maybe he Wayne Gretzky could find a way to can get a job as a bullet-proof outfox any computer. bouncer?...... ------DIA,L-A-DRILL WHAT'SIN A NAME? You don't have to be a dentist to We all know about computer lan­ use Dial-A-Drill. But you do need are making your own suggestions. guages like BASIC and Logo, but pushbutton telephone. And you'll know if your folks get here's a brief guide to lesser-known Actually, Dial-A-Drill isn't for hold of Expando Vision-you 'll languages with silly-sounding have a sudden urge to wash the names. dishes and take out the trash. Take JOVIAL, for instance. Is it a ....------computer code for comedians? Not at all. JOVIAL stands for Jules' ROBOTROULETTE Own Version of the International Algebraic Language. JOVIAL was Rich the Robot wanted to take a created by Jules Schwartz to write gamble and work for a casino, but air defense software. state officials told him "no dice." Another lesser-known Rich was hired by Resorts Inter- language, SMALLTALK, is not designed for computers that go to parties. It was developed for use by people who do visually­ oriented work with their computer. Finally, there's CLIO. A com­ puter language for Egyptian tooth work; it's for homework. The princesses? Hardly. CL 10 stand system was deSigned by Com­ for· Conversational Language puter Curriculum Corp. of Palo Inquiry Option and is for people Alto, California. It uses a comput­ who want to communicate with erized voice to quiz you about their computer in plain English. math or spelling. When you think Now that's a language we you've got the answer, just press understand. the right buttons on the phone. ....------The computer keeps track of right and wrong answers. COMPUTERSON ICE Well, we still think it's better than dialing up a dentist's drill. @ Can you stop a hockey puck ....------with a computer? Wewant BITS! It weuse your news,you national, an Atlantic City casino, as Rene Fradet, goalie with the getan ENTERT-shirt. Send news items to: a card dealer. But the state of New Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute "Bits Editor,"ENTER, 1Lincoln Plaza, N. Y, Jersey says this remote-controlled hockey team, thinks so. Fradet has N.Y 10023

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 7 'Y.. -----BANDOMjl C-CE-'SS---. 'JJ..·

I ended up telling her that I'd think about it, and talk to her after school. I must admit it felt good when she used my suggestions. It's not just teachers who put me on the spot. Kids come to me for help, too. I usually don't mind. But I sometimes get the feeling that kids are just being lazy, and ex­ pect me to do all of their work. However, if I don't agree to help every kid with his or her home­ work, then I'm not a nice guy. Occasionally, I come across confidential things on the com­ puter-like the teachers' salary scale. These are things that I can't It's hardto say"no" to teachers-so I endup teachingthem aboutcomputers. discuss with anyone-even my family or my best friend. If I did, I often ask me for advice. That's not would lose my privileges on the TEACHER'S such a big deal. But once teach­ computer. ers realize how much the Most of what I do isn't that inter­ GUIDE computer can help them, they ex­ esting. For instance, I spent an BYBEN KAUFMAN, 16 pect me to teach them all about it. entire week last summer typing a I end up spending lunchtime or list of books and their authors into know more about computers free time after school helping a the computer for one of my teach­ than many of my teachers teacher with a problem or a pro­ ers. It was boring, tedious work. I do. That may sound great­ gram. It's not really my idea of When the list needs to be updated, after all , teachers generally re­ fun-but it's hard to say "no " to a I'll probably be asked to do it. spect "computer-smart" kids. But teacher. So it's really not as great as you it's not quite that simple. I often And that's not the worst of it. might think. This summer, one of find myself wishing I were just Tlnere have been times when my my teachers has asked me to another student. computer know-how has put me in write a few programs that will be Frankly, it's not hard to be more an awkward or embarrassing sit­ used in science classes. I don't computer-literate than most uation. Let me give you an have to do them, but this is a teachers. Many teachers today­ example. teacher I'll have again next year­ with the exception of those who One day in math class, the so I guess one of these days I'm teach computer-related teacher stopped her lesson and going to sit down and write the courses-know very little about turned to me. "Ben," she said, programs for her. Wouldn't you? ~ computers. Some are even afraid "what do you think I should cover of computers. when we do computer math next BENKAUFMAN lives in Riverdale, New I've had a lot of computer expe­ week?" The whole class got very York,and works on anApple at home. rience. But at school, knowing quiet. I knew that if I said some­ about computers has created a thing that resulted in lots of Whatdo you haveto sayabout computers? a lot of work for me. homework, I wouldn't be a favorite Writea shortnote to: RandomAccess , II find that teachers and ki'ds with my classmates. ENTER,1Lincoln Plaza. N. Y.. N. Y.l0023.

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 9 «

game between two very different ••• NEWCOMPUTER players . OIL'SWEll Here's how it works. The screen (SierraOn-Line, Commodore 64, Apple, displays half a basketball court. GAMES Atari,$29.95, $34.95 cartridge.) The player with the ball must drib­ BYPHIL WISWELL AND ble towards the basket and avoid the defensive player. Dribbling in THE BERNIEDEKOVEN place refreshes a player and im­ ARDY AARDVARK (Datamost,Apple , $29.95) ••• proves his shooting, blocking and ONE-ON-ONE rebounding percentages. A press of the action button starts jump These are fast-paced , original (ElectronicArts, Apple,$40.) a shot; another press releases the games whose graphics and sound ball towards the hoop. effects are good enough to make One-On-One has many nice touches . The referee, for instance, will blow a whistle on fouls and give you free throws from the foul line. You also have a lot of control over player moves. When Larry Bird or Dr. J. is driving for the basket on the computer, the moves are close to what they could be in a real basketball game. This one­ on-one game is a match-up made in basketball heaven. One-On-One is a superb trans­ WRAP-UP outstanding arcade challenges. lation of "street" basketball for one BERNIE:The characters are nicely But we thought it strange that they or two players. Your "team" con­ animated. It is a joy to watch them had so much in common. Who sists of only one player-an move on the court. And I loved the copied whom? animated version of Larry Bird or instant replay feature , which gives Oil's Well is a series of eight Julius Erving, the best basketball you a second look at a great play mazes filled with dots that players in the world . If you choose or a slam-dunk that shatters the represent oil pellets. Your object is Dr. J., your opponent (or the com­ backboard. I did find the referee's to eliminate all the dots and move puter) plays as The Bird (and calls a bit too random. Still, the on to the next, more difficult maze. naturally, the reverse is true, too). action looks wonderful. You control the movement of a drill Dr. J. and The Bird actually PHIL: I think it's the faithfulness to bit that gobbles dots. But you don't teamed up with 18-year-old the styles of two very different play­ roam the maze-the drill bit does. programmer Eric Hammond to ers that makes One-On-One such It's always attached by a pipeline create One-On-One. The players' a great game. to the starting point at the top of NBA statistics were used to The only drawback is that the maze. As your bit snakes its design the game. Shooting because most Apples only way through the maze, a trail of percentages from any point on accommodate one joystick, de­ pipe is left behind. When you the court, blocking abilities and fense must be played from the press the action button, the pipe­

speed have all been individually keyboard when two humans play.. line pulls back. Creatures and programmed for The Bird and The game is best when you play bombs move through the mazes in Dr. J. which makes for a balanced against the computer. patterns that can't be memorized.

10 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 ""'1

11~= JtSKE N-TE-=1l===C::=='I II

BYDAVID POWELL scoring information in color. This information would be lost on a ------~III·~------black-and-white TV. VIDEOMIND CONTROL By now, you probably know that Mattei sold Intellivision this spring DEARENTER: Will there ever be to a group of their executives. video games that you can control You can still get your Intellivision with your mind? - Sam Atkinson serviced, however. Just check your warranty for the nearest service DEARSAM: So far, no one has location. invented a computer that can read You can also call Mattei at your thoughts. But computer sci­ 800-421-2826 for the name of a entists are experimenting now with service center near you . all kinds of new technology that ------~III#~------will link the human mind more di­ rectly to the computer. BAUYWHY? At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, researchers have de­ DEARENTER: Our family has a Bally veloped sensors that tell a computer [game] system, and we computer what you are looking at. really enjoy all its games. But re­ Sensors also can be attached to cently, there are no Bally your wrist, letting you signal the device. In one, you use the pad to cartridges to be found . Did Bally computer by pOinting. This would raise a crashed spaceship out of a stop making cartridges? Why? eliminate the need to touch a com­ swamp, like Yoda in The Empire -Donny Pashayan, puter in order to get information. Strikes Back. The pad and three Westlake, OH For example, a surgeon could get games will retail for around $75 information in the middle of an and should be available soon . DEARDONNY: Yes , Bally has operation simply by pointing to a stopped making cartridges- but ------I.I~I'~------symbol on a computer screen. you can still get new ones. More Behavioral Engineering, a com­ INTEWVISIONON TV than two years ago, Bally sold its pany in Santa Cruz, California, is Bally Professional Arcade line to a about to release a game controller DEARENTER: I own an Intellivision company called Astrocade. that monitors your body in ways system and would like to know why You can buy- by mail-the 22 similar to a lie detector. Called it can only be hooked up to a color cartridges Astrocade makes. They MindReach , the product is a round TV. -Davie Maddox, range in price from $19 to $60. pad that plugs into your Apple, Clinton, MS For a catalog, write to: Commodore or Atari. When you Astrocade, 6460 Busch Blvd., place your hand on it, the pad DEARDAVIE: Actually , both Intellivi­ Suite 215, Columbus ,OH , 43229, senses changes in your skin's sion I and II can be hooked up to a or call 614-885-0130. ~ moisture. You can learn how to black-and-white TV. It's just the control these small amounts of owner's manual says they can't. DAVIDB. POWELLis an ENTERcontribut­ moisture by changing your level of According to Mattei, Intellivi­ ing editor. relaxation . This allows you to use sion 's original manufacturer, this the pad to play games. strange statement was made be­ If you have a question aboutcomputers,ju st So far, Behavioral has de­ cause some of the Intellivision sendit to: ASKENTER , ENTERMagazin e, veloped six games to use with this games, like Astromash , display CTW,1 LincolnPI. , NY.NY 10023 .

8 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 Your drill bit destroys the ••• especially the system that creatures, but the creatures INFIDEL lets you type in full sentence destroy the pipeline that connects commands, rather than just two (Infocom, Commodore64, Apple, Afari, the drill bit to the top of the maze. word combinations like GO IBMPC and PCjr, TRS-80 Models I In Ardy the Aardvark, the object NORTH. However, once the and11/ , and ofhers , $49.95) is identical to that in Oil's Well: eat mystery is solved, you probably all the dots (food pellets) in each won 't want to play it again. maze, while avoiding or destroying pests and obstacles. Here, you are ••• an aardvark gobbling up food SHAMUS:CASE /I pellets and the pests are ants and (Synapse,Afari, Commodore , $34.95) worms. Ants can be eaten with the tip of the tongue-but touch them with any other part of your tongue, This sequel brings fresh play to and you lose a life. Worms can be treasure-seeking , maze/adventure eaten safely only from tail to head. games. You never know quite Your aardvark's tongue lengthens what to expect. as you move, and it retracts with Infidel is an interactive text Rooms with ladders, pits and the action button. adventure that has everything passageways contain snakes that This is a much funnier theme you 'd want-it 's well-written, roam across the screen at various for this kind of game. It's more fun humorous, and difficult. But if you speeds. You cannot kill the to go after ants and worms than don't like reading stories, solving snakes, but must avoid them by to search for oil. dilemmas and puzzling over what waiting patiently on ladders until WRAP-UP commands the computer will they pass. Other rooms contain BERNIE:These games are real understand, Infidel may do enemy creatures that descend, strategy challenges: in order to nothing but frustrate you . firing at your character. You must reach your goal, you've got to risk Infidel takes place in a desert hurl balls at them to destroy them. everything. encampment near the Nile river. WRAP-UP You discover that your guide PHIL: I love it! The structure of Abdul has left during the night, Shamus: Case I/'s connecting taking everything useful with him. rooms and the placement of its Well, almost everything. If you look "treasures are very clever, and carefully and in the right places, provide a lot of good, dramatic you 'll discover matches, a shovel, tension for the player. a pick axe, a knapsack with a BERNIE:The best feature is the canteen, a map and a bit of food . Then it's off to the desert to dig in the sand for the top of a buried pyramid. Buried for centuries, this pyramid contains enough treasure It is always the foolish lust for to make Indiana Jones green with pOints that undoes you. envy. Infidel comes with props, like PHIL: I like Oil's Well because it's a map, that can be helpful. easy to control. The game drives WRAP-UP like a Ferrari. Ardy is the same PHIL: This game is driving me style game, but control is just not loony. I know I'm nearing the end, mapping. This Shamus is an as good. but it keeps getting more difficultl interesting blend of different kinds BERNIE:True . But the graphics The Egyptian desert setting is very of games. Unfortunately, too many animation and theme of Ardy is well described, and that makes moving things on the screen better. The game has a better you feel you're really there. create confusion and make the sense of humor. BERNIE:Infidel is wonderful, game less coherent. ~

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 11 PCjr;the newfamily and personalcomputer from IB~®comes with a lot of brightideas to helpmake computingetlJ)!.

Thekey~ for example, are color-codedto helpyou bit the rightones. Somesoftware programs come withkeyboard overlays to make workingulitiJ them more convenient. Thenthere's the keyboarditself. Wecall it the IBM "Freeboard"because it'sfree of a ... connectingcord

~--- • .• r::::::i ~ r'------~ i

Little Tramp characte, licensed by Bubbles Inc., s.a. ••

EDITED BY RICHARD CHEVAT

computers? Matchbook-sized SMALLPORTABLES: BIG NEWS computers? How about inflatable models that you can fold up and put in your pocket? We're waiting for the ultimate portable, the one that carries you, instead of the other way around.

RELAXINGSOFTWARE: Now you can use your face as a joystick. May sound crazy, but if you want to try it, check out Relax by Synapse. Relax is a hardware and software package in one. The pro­ gram includes an electromyograph (EMG, the de­ vice that monitors internal electrical impulses), a headband, and an audio cassette tape with soothing sounds of the ocean, birds and music. Thenew Olivetti M-10 portable computer features a tilt-upscreen "You use muscle tension to control certain games. The game ortable computers are sud­ in the future. One company de­ shows tensions that you're una­ denly the newest fad in the veloping a new product is Kaypro, ware of," designer Ihor Wolosenko Pccomputer industry. Every which already makes a popular explains. And, Ihor says, you company is introducing a new portable the size of a large suit­ can play games such as Pong, computer and calling it "portable," case. They are working with Mitsui, Breakout, and Space Invaders whether it's a small notebook­ a Japanese manufacturer ,on a with the package. So, let your sized model or a full-sized PC with machine that is a cross between a smile be your joystick. a handle on it. notebook-sized computer and a However, all this relaxation Olivetti introduced a new note­ desk-top model. It will have two doesn't come cheaply. Relax book-sized computer this spring, parts: a base that will hold the disk costs $99.95 for Commodore 64 called the M-10. It will be priced drives and a full-size monitor, and and Atari and $149.95 for Apple around $700, and will compete a detachable notebook computer and IBM PC, PCjr. directly with the popular Radio with its own flat screen. Shack model 100 and the NEC Meanwhile, Apple is introducing AWAYFROM HOME: Even computer 8200. This is not surprising, since a new, portable version of the lie games deserve a chance to get all three computers are made in (see our sneak preview in this away. In a very unusual move, four the same factory in Japan. The issue). And, as we reported last First Star Software games are M-10 does have one new feature­ month, IBM recently introduced a going into the arcades after a tilt-up screen-and, like the portable version of the IBM PC. they've been made available as Model 100, it comes with a built-in Even the Macintosh, at 20 pounds, home games. Exidy, a coin-op modem. is advertised as portable, since it video game manufacturer, and We can expect to see even more comes with a carrying case. First Star have started putting First notebook, or lap-sized, portables What's next? Wristwatch Star's home games Boulder Dash,

14 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 Astro Chase, Bristles, and Flip and country is a syndicated column newspapers across the U. S. , Flop into arcades around the US. brought to you by none other than including The Chicago Tribune, "We've done it in reverse," ENTER Magazine. Since last Philadelphia Inquirer, San admits Diane Loomis of First Star. April, ENTER Syndicated has Jose Mercury, New York Oaily "Usually games are in the arcade appeared up to four times a week News, The Detroit Free Press, and then go into the home." Be­ in a format created especially for Denver Post, and Tampa sides joining the arcade world, daily and Sunday papers. Tribune. Others are expected to Boulder Dash has recently been The material comes from the sign up soon. Watch your local converted for the Commodore 64 ENTER staff. Among the column's newspaper: ENTER may be and IBM PC/PCjr. regular features are: Programs, coming to your town. Blips, Bits, Ask ENTER, pencil MACAND PC GO TO SCHOOL: Apple crunchers, quizzes and NEWSBITS:Now Commodore is and IBM have both decided that flowcharts. getting into the IBM-compatibles the sooner you get your hands on ENTER Syndication is sold by business. They recently signed an one of their computers, the better the Tribune Company Syndicate, agreement with the Intel Corpora­ it will be for them. So both com­ Inc. and comes in two versions: tion that will allow Commodore to panies, who are competing more full-color for Sunday comic manufacture the same chip that closely than ever before, have sections, and a black and white runs the IBM PC. One of the IBM launched programs to get to you version with enough material to compatible machines they are while you're still in school. run three times a week. planning to produce will be very When Apple launched the Mac­ The syndicated column is similar to the Hyperion, a suitcase­ intosh this February, it also already in over 25 city sized portable...... [!3 launched the Apple University Consortium. Twenty-four major universities, including Princeton, Stanford, and the University of 'HOWTO MAKE FRIENDS Chicago, have joined the group 1 so far, which allows faculty and students to buy Macs at a hefty ONOTHER PLANETS discount. In return, the univer­ sities each agreed to buy 2 million dollars worth of Apple equipment over three years. They also agreed to develop instructional software for Apple computers. IBM, wnich has had similar deals with colleges in the past, is not allowing Apple to go un­ challenged. They also have First, go to another planet. so that whatever you choose discount and research arrange­ (That's easy if you're traveling to do affects what will happen ments with colleges. through space in PLANET­ next. And there'll be plenty FALL; the great science fiction And I BM is aiming even happening - it's an adventure comedy from Infocom's inter­ filled with everything from younger. Recently, they an­ active fiction line.) dread diseases to mutant nounced plans to donate 12 Next, find a robot nobody's monsters, and it can last for million dollars worth of PC and PC using. Then, to make him start up, type weeks or even months. Jr.'s to high schools and elemen­ in your command: TURN 0 N THE Get the closest thing on a disk to MULTIPLE PURPOSE ROBOT ... really going into outer space. Get tary schools across the country. You've just made a robot friend who'll PLANETFALL*. It's not just a great followyou anywhere. ENTERMAKES NEWS(PAPERS): And you'll be glad you have a faith­ ful follower-there's no telling what STOP THE PRESSES!! The latest ii;:~~;I~e EXTRA in newspapers across the will happen next in PLANETFALL. I Because, like all of Infocom's interac­ -ll's compatible with almost every popular home computer. tive fiction, PLANETFALL's designed PLANETFALL is a trademark of In[(>com. Inc. J ------~ -,

EDITED BY PATRICIA BERRY

of Dr. George Nelson's April flight 'SHUTTLE'FLIES INTO FILM efforts to retrieve and repair Solar Max, the broken satellite observ­ atory launched in 1980. Every movie has a scene stealer, and Space Shuttle is no exception. According to Dr. Knapp, who is also director of the Davis Planetarium in Jackson, Mississippi, the eye-grabber in Space Shuttle will hit pretty close to home. In fact , it is home: it's Earth. Cinema-360, the non-profit organization sponsoring Space Shuttle, is actually a group of six planetariums which will air the film first. Before long, though, the reels will be converted to 16 mm film and video tape for flat screens and television . If you live in or near Thespectacular 'Space Shuttle' film: Astronautsmake a movie. Jackson, MS, Tucson , AZ, Reno, NV, River Grove, IL, Cocoa, FL, t's hard to imagine a space using fish-eye (wide angle) or Fort Myers, FL, you 're in for a movie without Star Wars-style lenses, and the best way to see it treat. Space Shuttle: An American Ialien life forms , The Right is on a planetarium's rounded Adventure will be showing in plan­ Stuff-type special effect photog­ dome. The dome allows you to etariums in those towns starting raphy , and The Last Starfighter use your peripheral vision and this fall. brand of computer animation. seems to wrap the action around For more information write: But, as the song goes, there's you . You'll feel like you 're right Cinema-360, Inc., c/o Russell nothing like the real thing . Well , there. According to the film 's Davis Planetarium, P.o. Box 288, it's arrived. Space Shuttle: An director, Dr. Richard Knapp, the Jackson, MS 39205. American Adventure is due for results are even better than release this fall. Thi.s 30-minute expected. "As a crewman floats BROADWAYBITS: High-tech trends film documents the last three past or tumbles in front of me, I are getting big parts on and off-off voyages- in February, April and almost want to step back and give Broadway. Hackers is a full-length June- of the National Aeronau­ him more room ," he said recently. play about a super-smart college tics and Space Administration's Most of the footage of Space student who wants to amaze his (NASA) space shuttle Chal­ Shuttle was shot in flight by the professors with a program that lenger. And if the final film is any­ astronauts themselves. It includes "thinks ." Hackers had a short oft­ thing like the previews, you 'll mundane scenes- like in-cabin off Broadway run last spring, and swear you're in flight. exercising and weightless playing some producers have expressed Unfortunately, not everyone will around-and highly dramatic interest in helping it make the be able to see Space Shuttle the ones-like Dr. Bruce McCand­ big time. Hackers was written by way it was meant to be viewed . less' untethered walk in space, the programmer Mike Eisenberg, This documentary was filmed first ever. There'll also be footage who is currently furthering the

16 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 cause of hacker-dom as a grad­ feature computerized special uate student at MIT. An ENTER effects. But can microchips really sidelight: Hackers' hero is named be expected to counteract the Martin DeKoven-in honor of murderous radiation rays that ENTER's own reviewer, Bernie slew Mr. Spock in The Wrath of DeKoven, whom Mike Eisenberg Kahn? See for yourself when met while working on a Chil­ Paramount Pictures' Star Trek III: dren's TV Workshop computer The Search for Spock makes an project. .. Art "personality" Andy appearance June 1. Speaking of Warhol has always been a little sequels, the high-flying Supergirl ahead of his time. But A2W2, a from Warner Brothers is due out robot that looks like Warhol (he's a July 13. Oddly enough, comput­ little man with shaggy silver hair), ers were not a big part of the talks like Warhol (he has a slight effects-laden production. One stutter), and acts like Warhol, will reason may be the way the film's edge him out by a microchip. And Supergirldoes not compute. visual effects supervisor, Derek he-or it-will do all this on the Meddings, feels about computers. Broadway stage this fall. AVG should already be in the works. "I hate them," says Meddings. Productions of ValenCia, Stay tuned for release "When you open them up and California, is building the dates .... Sequels are the name of look inside you don't recognize $400,000 robot whose face and the game these days for space anything." He doesn't know what hands will be covered with flexible and futuristic fantasy films that he's missing. ~ skinlike material. The show will consist of a half-hour monologue, followed by a question and answer period involving the I~ HOWTO BLOW UP C) {) audience. One thing's certain: it's going to be a tough act to follow! A RUBBERRAFT t;{:, s-) MOVIENEWS: It's hard enough ~ "t., ~ to turn a novel into a movie, but ~ when the director works in Los 4 ~~D Angeles and the screenwriter lives in Sri Lanka, the phone just isn't the next best thing to being there. So director Peter Hyams and science fiction writer/ screenwriter Arthur C. Clarke 1///· turned to a computer. All of First, you need a reason to use designed so that whatever you the script changes in 2010, a rubber raft. (That's a snap if choose to do makes the next the upcoming sequel to 2001: A you've got ZORK" I, the classic thing happen. And you won't Space Odyssey, were made via a fantasy story from Infocom's run out ofthings to do, either. trans-oceanic computer link-up .... interactive fiction line. Because The underground empire of With one game and a sequel you'll be hunting twenty fabu­ ZORK is so huge, your adven­ lous treasures while dodging ture can last for weeks or already out, what more can Dirk every kind of evil under the earth.) even months. the Daring do? Hollywood , here Next, type in your command: BLOW So if you want the closest thing on a he comeB. That animated star of UP THE RUBBER RAFT WITH THE disk to really exploring an underground the laser arcade game Dragon's AIR PUMP ... But watch it, or you world, get ZORK 1*. But brace your- might just blow up the raft until you way I Lair and its sequel Time Warp will blow yourself to smithereens! take to the screen in a feature­ There's no telling what will happen iiipDcolli! length Don Bluth production that next in ZORK I - because, like all of -It's compatible with almost every popular home computer. Infocom's interactive fiction, ZORK's ZORK is a registered trademark of In(ocom. Inc. ------H CESETTERS EDITED BY ELIZABETH HETTICH

Will's aim with MCS was to COMPUTERCOMPOSER create a program that someone who knew nothing about music could use and have fun with. First, however, he had to teach himself about music. He did this by studying basic music texts and learning about flats and sharps, chords and tempos. After about three months of programming-sandwiched between homework, football, and "movies and stuff"-Will met game designer Bill Budge. "I knew his work and admired it. His Pinball Construction Set had just come out and, though I hadn't seen it, I had heard about it," Will remem­ bers. "I was the first person to ever ask him for his autograph, and then I told him about my program and asked if I could show it to him." Budge was impressed. He introduced Will and his program to Trip Hawkins, president of Electronic Arts, the software N ~ KeyboardVirtuoso: Will Harveymakes beautiful music ... onhis computer. company that published Pinball Z w ::; Construction Set. Hawkins liked (!) menting, Will taught himself to Will's idea. "That's when I really 3 BYSUSAN MEYERS a program on his PET. After a couple started to get excited," Will recalls, @ hen he was 12, Will Harvey of years, he decided to move on to "because I realized that my idea didn't know anything about an Apple lie, the machine he uses for a music program might go Wcomputers or music. Today, today. really far." at 17, he is the author of a best­ Will lives with his mother, father Will started expanding his selling computer music program, and younger brother, Ben , in program into a tool that serious Music Construction Set. Foster City, California. He got composers, as well as amateurs, Will bought his first computer­ started on Music Construction Set could use. "We-the people at a Commodore PET-five years (MCS) because he wanted to add Electronic Arts and I-talked to ago, with money he earned from music to a computer game (called professional musicians. We asked his paper route. "I didn't know Lancaster) that he had been them what they would need to find anything about computers," he working on for over a year. "Later, I a program like this useful, " Will remembers. "I just wanted saw that a music program had a lot says. "Then we incorporated those a computer back then because of potential," Will explains. "But to functions. it looked like fun ." begin with, I was adding the music "In the process of perfecting By reading books and experi- just for myself." MCS, I developed my own style of

18 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984

« ......

programming," Will explains. "I 'm college, I want to explore other very happy and confident with it. fields that could be fun, too." MCS has the whole spectrum of Will's family has found that programming styles, since my skill having a talented programmer was just developing. It has some around the house is very handy. programming that's unstylish, but it He designed a program that keeps still works and then it has some track of grades for his mother, a really nice stylish programming." college professor. And for his In its final form, MCS is both brother Ben, Will worked out a easy and fun to use. Users control program to help organize his the program with a joystick that baseball card collection. He directs the action of a hand on the hasn't done a program for his dad screen. The hand picks up notes yet, but he has his eye on the and other musical symbols family dog , a giant sized Great displayed in the lower left corner writing new programs, he's not Pyranees named Itsabear. of the screen. Then it places these sure he wants to make a career " I have to walk her and clean up § symbols on two staffs-the lines out of working with computers. after her," he groans. "Now, if I ~

on which music is written. The He'll be a freshman in college in could just figure out how to make ~

hand also activates other parts of the fall, but he says, "I'm definitely a program to do that .... !" ~ ~ the program-scrolling the not going to major in computer f!l

musical score, changing keys, science. I'm doing what I want to SUSANMEYERS is ENTER'swest coast ~ and moving whole bars from one do with computers right now. In editor. 0

place to another. .------~~ ------Ten pieces of music, ranging from classical to rock, are built into MCS. These can be played , HOWTO FEED J . and then played with. They can be sped up or slowed down. SEAMONSTER Notes can be added , the key can A ~J be changed , and bars can be u I. rearranged. () "It's sort of like having a statue by Michelangelo and being allowed to chip away at it with a '.. ' hammer and chisel," Will says. "You get to learn how music 0 6 (J really works. " o (J () C, MCS has brought Will both fame and fortune. The week his program came out , he was First, locate a sea monster. what happens next depends (The best place to find one is in on what you decide to do. And written up in Time magazine. SEASTALKER~thebrand-new you'll be doing plenty, too­ But besides making a name for undersea story from Infocom's your voyage can last for weeks himself, and lots of money, interactive fiction line.) or even months. working on Music Construction Next, type in your command: So get the closest thing Set taught Will some of the ins and GET OUT OF THE SUBMARINE on a disk to going on a real-life sea AND FEED THE CATALYSTCAP­ adventure. Sink your teeth into SEA­ outs of game design. And now SULE TO THE MONSTER. Then, STALKER*. But when you do-wat ch he's applying what he learned to a swim for your life! Because the trou­ out!-or you might just find out some- new game. "It's really top secret ble with feeding sea monsters is, the and I can't tell about it until it's monster might decide to feed on you! done," he says. There's no telling what will happen next in SEASTALKER. Because, like Though Will plans to continue ;;;~~~ all of Infocom's interactive fiction, I -It 's compatible with almost every popular home computer. SEASTALKER's designed so that SEASTALKER is . trade mark of [nfocom. [nco CONNECTIONS EDITED BY SUSAN JARRELL

WinA CampScholarship! BulletinBoard Talk

Computer Tutor Camps is Interested in computer bulletin offering some lucky ENTER reader boards? For $2, you can get "The a two-week scholarship to one National Computer Bulletin Board of their sleep-away camps. The Directory," listing over 1400 bul­ camps-there are four nation­ letin boards across the U.S. wide-feature IBM PCjr and Apple The bulletin board listings are lie computers. Campers can take arranged by area code and "the 30 hours of hands-on instruction in majority of the boards are free," BASIC, Logo, Pascal , Word says editor Thomas ~norowski. Processing and many other For a copy, send $2 to Thomas subjects. Wnorowski, 3352 Chelsea Circle, Computer Tutor Camps Ann Arbor, MI 48104. are located in Williamstown, P.S. If you're a BB system Massachusetts; Swarthmore, operator, Wnorowski says he will Pennsylvania; and Stanford and list your board free. Write him a Woodside Priory, California. note with the board's phone num­ You can win the two-week ber, area code, type, hours of scholarship to any of these camps operation, baud rate used and for the summer of 1984 or 1985. with good ideas. Some examples: type of computer. Send your name to Computer Tutor • School newspapers can use Camps, 980 Magnolia Avenue, the computer as a word processor ~ Larkspur, California 94939, by to write, edit and even help typeset S.A.T. Contest July 15, 1984. One winner will be the paper. randomly chosen; Computer • Drama clubs can write and If you've taken the SATs twice Tutor Camps will let you know rewrite scripts and print tickets on and used Krell Software's College by July 31. the computer. Board SAT Prep Series, you might • Student government can use be eligible for the Krell SAT con­ a simple spreadsheet program to test. Awards will be given to 34 YourSecret Computer Weapon figure out budgets. students, including SAT high scor­ • Athletic teams can use data­ ers and most improved scorers. You're wasting a precious base software to set up personal­ Winners will receive hundreds of resource. It sits in a classroom at ized training programs, and keep dollars of computer equipment. school, unused, when it could be player statistics on the computer. If you're interested, you'd better helping your team or club. That's just a quick sample. hurry-the contest ends August What is it? What else? Your There's a lot more food for thought 31. Send a photocopy of your SAT school's computer! As Elliott Masie in these pages. Using Computers transcripts and proof of Krell and Michelle Stein point out in in Student Activities is printed program purchase to SAT Contest, their book, Using Computers in by the Adirondack Press. If you'd Krell Software, 1320 Stonybrook High School Student Activities, the like a copy, send $14.20 (12.95 Road, Stony Brook, NY 11790. ~ school computer can be a very plus 1.25 shipping and handling) helpful tOOl. to National Student Leadership Tolist news, resourcesor contestsin this This is a no -frills, black and Center, Box 742e, Fox Pavillion, column, writeto : "Connections,"ENTER , white, 105-page book. But it's filled Jenkintown, PA 19046. 1 LincolnPlaza , NY,NY 10023 .

20 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 See ane. See ane compute.

of Sesame Street, The See the results. Electric Company and You'll like what CBS 3-2-1 Contact. Software can bring out That means kids in your children. PEANUT will experience BUTTER PANIC~t much more than r also from CTW, brings just the fun of out the fun of cooperating. working with a MATH MILEAGE™ computer. With brings out an understand­ programs ing of math concepts. And like ERNIE'S WEBSTER: THE WORD MAGIC GAME™ brings out SHAPES M':'N?S: spelling skills. and BIG BIRD'S All of which should bring SPECIAL out a big smile on your face. DELIVERY,lMt they'll also Available for classify Apple® and sort shapes, II + /I1e" Atari~ These days, colors and pictures. Commodore 64:'" IBM®-PC . kids like Jane are See our screens. and PCjr, running computers. And with CBS Software, they Of course, you like what could be running smart. goes into the programs. But kids like what goes onto See your retailer. See our authorities. the screens. So programs like Or, for our catalog, write to You see, CBS Software DUCKS CBS Software, One Fawcett can help inspire kids to be AHOYl™ Place, Greenwich, CT 06836~ their very best. and SEA That way, your whole family We do that by putting HORSE could be running smartl the very best thinking into HIDE 'N our programs. Many are ~ __ --..IIII_" SEEK™ created by people like captivate children with the Children's Television colorful graphics and ...... Workshop, originators lively tunes. - ~ .. * In Canada.conlacl Holt, Rinehartand Winslon al (416) 255-4491. .. ..- C>1984 CBS Inc . CBSSoftware , A Unil of CBSInc ., OneFawcett Place , Greenwich,CT 06836 . (203) 622-2525. SOFTWARE tC>1984 Children 's CompulerWorkshop, Inc . SESAMESTREET is alrademark and service markof Children'S TelevisionWorkshop . BIGBIRD and ERNIECl 1984Muppels, Inc. BIG BIROand ERNIEare lrademarksof Muppels, Inc. "Apple:' "Alari:' and "IBM" are regisleredIrademarks of Apple Compuler,Inc., Alari, Inc and Inlernalional BusinessMachines Corp .. respeclively."Commodore 64" is a Irademarkof Makingyou the best. CommodoreEleclronics lid.

LEFT:A Crayself-portrait in raster graphics.BELOW: The complex wiring insidethe real computer.

Demos began the painstaking process of converting Cobb's designs into computer programs. CREATINGCOMPUTERIZED WORWS,STEP BY STEP

Take, for example,• the creation of the planet Rilos. First, Cobb drew his conception of the planet. Then drafters and encoders at Digital, working on a VAX computer, converted his work into line ~ 1984 I'ROOUCiIONS. drawings known as vector graphics. "'" \3'1 OIGIiAL IMULAilON On the monitor, the planet looked OIGliAL SCENE S like a circle. When the encoders added three-dimensional coordi­ nates, it became a rounded sphere. John Whitney, Jr., Digital's president. At this point, the technical "Our intent [with Starfighter] is to directors stepped in and called up make al/ of it look like live action Rilos on an IMI display monitor. The on the screen. The computer is not IMi l is equipped to introduce motion. limited to the laws of the physical With further encoding, the planet world .... lt's like being in space began rotating, although it was still yourself, being free from gravity." merely a sphere made up of lines. Whitney, 38, comes from a Then the technical directors special-effects family. His father, shifted to the Cray. They used raster John, Sr., invented a form of graphics, software which adds computerized camera control. color, texture and contouring to When John went to work with his vector graphics. In the raster mode, father, they dreamed of harnessing they were able to give Rilos oceans, the power of the computer to do clouds and an array of swirling even more spectacular things. gases. The director then chose the John , Jr. joined up with computer placement of Rilos's light source., a programmer and Cal Tech graduate distant sun which illuminates half of Gary Demos in 1974. They worked the planet. The final image, cal'led at Information International, up on a Ramtek monitor, was then collaborat,ing on award-winning scanned, point by point, by the computer-graphic effects for movies Cray. Finally, when the scene was 'Starfighterisn't like Westworld and Futureworld. perfected, it was recorded from the just showcasefor They left in 1982 to form their own computer onto 35 mm film. a company, Digital Productions. If this same scene had been specialeffects. It To create a convincingly filmed conventionally, it would have spectacular world for Starfighter, been necessary to create a model offersa real kidthe Whitney and Demos called on of a planet and then to film it opportunityto be designer and artist Ron Cobb. using a motion-control camera. But Cobb had created designs for Alien at Digital, the model was created LukeSkywalker.' and Conan the Barbarian. He entirely inside the computer. produced striking designs for the In the meantime, director Nick alien warriors, planets and Castle, Jr. spent two months filming spaceships. Last summer, Gary the live action. The actors-

24 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 RIGHT:Alex confronts aliens Centaur; andGrig. BELOW: Thisspace scene is entirelycomputer-generated.

newcomer Lance Guest (see "A Starfighter Is Born ," next page) as Alex, veteran performer Robert Preston as the interplanetary messenger Centauri, Catherine Mary Stewart as Alex's girlfriend Maggie, and others-worked on location in a trailer park and at MGM's standard Hollywood soundstages. In some soundstage scenes, they acted in front of blank blue backgrounds. The computer imagery was later superimposed C l983 over, or composited with , those . UNIVERSALCITY blank backgrounds. STUDIOS. INC.

FINISHINGTOUCHES

Director Castle• then moved on to designed pictures. It's a much 'Thecomputer is the difficult task of post-production . bigger challenge to recreate a That's when all the different human figure, with all the subtleties notlimited to the elements of the movie-live-action, of real-life movement, within a computer animation, sound effects, computer. lawsof thephYSical musical score-were pulled Digital is already experimenting world.. like together in time for the film's June with human forms. But as Whitney .Irs 22 release by Universal Pictures. It observes, "What is it about the way beingfree from was also the time when Castle Splash's Daryl Hannah moves that worked with Digital Productions to makes her a star? How do you gravity.' get the effects he wanted. create a database that simulates "I don't know how the the look and behavior of a programming really works," Castle personality like that?" He continues: freely admits. "But I've heard "If we can do that, then someday enough talk to pick up some of the we'll be able to create a viable language. I'm basically there to performer on screen who looks and direct the [computer-animated] behaves just like a real person." scenes. I'll ask for more light, or if Until then, Whitney offers one final we can make a scene more realistic. prediction. Within 10 years, he In a sense, I'm the final arbiter who believes, home computers will be decides whether a scene is real able to perform as many split­ enough." second tasks as the Cray IS, the If Starfighter succeeds, Castle earlier model of the Cray X-MP contends, it will be because the And, when that happens, home audience is so caught up in the programmers will be able to turn out story that it won't have time to sort movies like The Last Starfighter on out the computer animation from the their own. real thing. But by then, effects experts like Digital chief John Whitney, Jr. Digital Productions will be creating concedes that a few things remain movies that are light years away. G that the computer can't do ...yet. It's one thing, he says, to translate GREGGKILDAY writes about movies and inanimate objects into computer- technology,and lives in LosAngeles .

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 25 the fun and challenging 6as}CJDbI"alNI~

world of computers ~ FORAPPt.E,7./.,I1M, TRUD,MARl AND COMMODORE COMPUTERS Now from the people who brought you SESAME STREET, THE ELECTRIC COMPANY, and 3-2-1 CONTACT comes ENTER, the magazine that is as exciting as computers them­ selves. There is news about computers, video games and everything from lasers to robots-plus puzzles, board games, quizzes and other features that make learning about compu­ ters easy and fun. You won't want to miss an issue. So order your subscription now. Parents will love ENTER too. It'll explain why computers are such an important part of everyone's future.

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LANCEGUEST GOES FROM ARCADE ACE TO SPACE HERO

BYPATRICIA BERRY Lance noted other bits of arcade whiz action: Players young actor is cast in a would move through the first movie to play an screens almost unconsciously. ambitious teenager. His Very gradually, concentration took Acharacte r's substitute for over. The eyes would become real-life adventure is an obsession glued to the screen, the body with a video arcade game. It would stand a little more on guard should be a simple role for any in anticipation of surprise attacks. young actor. As he watched, Lance took in all But when Lance Guest, 23, won the motions-to calion them later, the starring role of Alex Rogan in when filming of Starfighter began. Lorimar Productions' The Last Starfighter, he knew little about INVISIBLESCENERY video games. Even though Lance

grew up near California's high~ Surprisingly, Lance• found the tech haven, Silicon Valley, he was movie's intergalactic battle (and still is) more interested in playing contact scenes easier to tackle. "Alex is just a regular kid," sports like football than in sacking Pac-Man pellets. he explains. "When he's hauled into space, To play AJex, Lance had his work (and play) cut out everything's confused and unexpected. He's a for him. normal teenager reacting to an extraordinary Alex is a champ on a video game called (guess situation. " what?) The Last Starfighter. What Alex doesn't know But special effects in films like Starfighter are is that Starfighter isn't just a game. The machine is, added after filming is complete, so Lance often in fact, an alien flight simulator used to recruit found himself reacting to empty space. For defenders for the Star League of Planets. instance, when Alex rockets through the galaxy dodging enemy fire, Lance was actually sitting in a ARCADEEDUCATION stationary ship looking at thin air. "I had no idea what the computer graphics would look like. So," he To "study" for his part, Lance• went down to Pico says, "You wing it. I'd ask 'What exactly is Boulevard in West Los Angeles with director Nick happening?'" and the director filled in the details. Castle, Jr. There, they visited a huge video arcade Not al/ the bombardments were computer­ and watched teenagers play games. "We also generated, however. In one scene, Alex is being blew five bucks apiece," Lance recalls. But the chased on earth with caps exploding all around point of the trip was not to teach Lance to play him. "I didn't have a stand-in for all the jumping and games; it was to study whiz kid behavior. diving," the actor says proudly. Arcade ace or not, "You could tell the real pros not by the way they Lance didn't get in shape for those scenes by moved their wrists, but by the calm expressions on playing Pac-Man. rn their faces," says Lance. "Novices like me were wound up from the start of the first game. " PATRICIABERRY is associateeditor of ENTER.

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 27 You are locked inside the pyramid Suddenly the "floor" you're standing on becomes a conveyor belt rapidly carrying you toward a wall of flame. You can't run back. The belt is too fast. You are about to be swept into the thermal chamber -a chamber that so concentrates the energy of the sun that any object entering it is instantly vaporized ... What will you do?

At last, books that go beyond reading to real challenge and adventure. Books in which you choose the endings, you make the decisions, you are the hero of the stories! Get into the action with Bantam CHOOSE YOU R OWN ADVENTURE books. It began in Greece, many centuries happen will take a truly Olympic effort. ago. The greatest athletes gathered to Computers are a big part of this effort. compete- to hurl the javelin and fling the From the training of athletes to the light­ discus, to run , leap and prove they were ing of the Olympic flame, from the Olympic champions. It was a great, but scheduling of competition to the Games' simple, event. closing ceremonies, computers are play­ Today, the Olympics remain the great­ ing an important role . est moment in all of sports. But they are In this special Olympic section, no longer a simple gathering. In a few ENTER will show you how computers are weeks, thousands of athletes and making a difference this year. Turn the THEON-LINE spectators from around the world will page and you'll get an inside look at gather for the 1984 Olympics in Los the computerized Summer Games- OLYMPICS Angeles. To make these Games 1984's On-Line Olympics.

C CHUCK O'REAR /WEST LIGHT

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 29 OMPUTERSIN OMPETITION

TENWAYS THAT THEy'LL MAKE A DIFFERENCE B Y ELIZABETH HETTICH

There will be a lot of high-tech history-making going playground sneakers. Two computers were used to on at this summer's Olympics. Here are some of the ensure that these Nike sneaks offer maximum support, ways computers will contribute. comfort and springiness. On your mark, get set...let the Games begin. The first computer, a PDP-1000 mainframe, tested how the sneakers responded to the impact of hitting • the ground. Shoe designs were created on the second

KEEPINGTHE TORCH RUNNING , 1 ~ computer-a McDonnell Douglas Unigraphic System. The Olympic Torch Run is a relay 4(~j~J.Then a machine directly hooked up to the computer

that begins in Greece at the site of 61'II~ ) manufactured the sneaks to the specifications. the original Olympic Games. The ~, Torch arrived in New York City on 3 HOMEOF THE STARS May 8. Since then, runners have i#':.:JJ been carrying it through 32 states. (i":, If 12,000 of your friends

Their destination? los Angeles and ,,~, were planning to visit and the July 28th opening ceremonies . asked you to find them a Two AT&T teletype computers have been place to stay, what would accompanying this cross-country caravan, providing you do? an important link-up to the los Angeles Olympic When the L.A.o.o.C. Organizing Committee (L.A.o.o.C.) and to the press. faced that very problem, it The teletype computers are helping these cross­ turned to an IBM System 38 country runners by charting the best running routes. mainframe computer for help. "It was no small feat ," The computers also are supplying information about says IBM's Brian King . "The Olympic Committee where athletes can find water, meal and service stops. needed to keep track of how many athletes and coaches are coming and how long they're staying." SLEEKERSNEAKERS Thanks to this data, the Olympic Committee found 2 all 12,000 athletes and coaches a place to stay. From start to finish, most of the RIGHTPLACE fRIGHT TIME U.S. Olympic Track 4 and Field Team will Track teams shouldn't have to dodge javelins and dash for the gold on shotputs. But scheduling hundreds of events in two computer-designed weeks of Olympics is a tricky job. An IBM System 38 track shoes. These aren't your basic high-top mainframe made the task a little simpler.

30 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 "There are 150 teams, 500 training game sites and Olympic villages. The terminals will be sites and then lots and lots of rules used by Olympic team members, officials and governing the use of the sites," says the press to send messages and get updates. Jim Murray of the L.A. 0. o.C. "Without the help of a computer, working out TICKETS the schedule would be a nightmare. 8 I hate to even think about it!" It took only one computer-an IBM System 34-to distribute the STREAMUNEDBIKING seven million tickets sold to 5 Olympic events. This mainframe If the U.S. Bicycle kept track of every seat for every team races ahead of event, took ticket orders, and the competition, mailed tickets to the lucky fans thank the computer. who ordered in time. The team's bikes The IBM System 34 also had a less friendly job: were tested in wind when events sold out, it notified people there was no tunnels for aero­ place left to sit. dynamic efficiency, and the data from these tests were computer­ ATHLETEINFO analyzed. The information was then used to build 9 bicycles that would encounter as little wind resistance Ever wonder how as possible. The results, says Mike Melton of the U.S. sportscasters know Cycling Federation, are track "bicycles [that] may take everything about as much as a minute off a rider's racing time." athletes' past scores and personal histories? OLYMPICMENU This summer, comput­ 6 ers will supply records You can be sure a on every participant and keep track of all records. computer helped cook this The information is being stored on an IBM mainframe computer owned by the McDonnell onefor 12 up-planning,000 finicky sportsthe menus stars ~iiii=~ lDouglas Company. This computer is in Long Beach, from countries allover the California, away from the Olympic sites. But world . sportscasters will have instant access to the The L.A.o.o.C plugged in information, via modem. their handy IBM PCs, using them to store recipes, keep RACETO THE FINISH track of all food delivered to the Olympic villages, 10 record how much each athlete is eating and how much When a fraction of a it's all costing. second can make the Some food figures have already been worked out. difference between break­ About 81,969 pounds of grapefruit and 1,322,000 ing records and being an also­ gallons of milk will be consumed during the approxi­ ran, time-keeping has to be mately one million meals that will be served to the totally accurate. So when run­ athletes during the games. ners hit this year's Olympic finish line, they won't just snap a tape. ELECTRONICMAIL A beam of infrared photo cells will 7 help a specially designed Omega (') z The 23 sports arenas of computer to clock the time to a 1000th-Qfa second. o I the Olympics cover more And for this year's swimmer, Omega has designed w ~ than 4,500 square miles. an electronic touch pad built right into the pool. When Z ~ With thousands of people activated, the pad will stop a computer-controlled @ spread over all those miles, it's a wonder anyone will clock. On land or in the water, computers will be

To solve this problem, more than 1, 700 AT&T ~ 3 teletype computer terminals have been placed at ELIZABETHHETTICH is assistanteditor of ENTER. ;!

JULY/AUGUST 1984 . ENTER 31 ·How to talk your parents Theresa newApple ®Personal may makey ourparents uncomfortable . Youmight also mention th at it'sa Computercalled the lIcthat's so complete Justtell them that theApple IIc can bargain. It comeswith everything you and so affordablethat gettingyour run morethan 10,000 programs written needto startcomputing in onebo x­ parentsto buy oneshould be easierth an forthe Apple IIe , the mostpopul ar com­ including an RFmodulator that letsy ou learningLo go. puterin educationat all levels.And it hookit up to yourTV the momentyou If, that is, you knowwhat to say. Forex ample, don't telly ourp arents that the Dchas the firsttrue 12 8KVI~I motherboard, dualbuilt-in RS-232 ports and a built-inh alf highdisk drive . Or that it has a switchable80 /40char acter displaya nd built-in mousetronicsso it 71J1!Il l' sbou~'oJl ifs !me cokm. lI'i!h AppleWorks-ad lwl ced bllSinl?sssojilm re Wi!hM OllSePain!. )'OU could become can usean AppleMouse. SubLw/esFl ip,/J! Simula!or I/. erell a parell! coukl IOI>e. !hi! lIe.tt PrCI1S5O. Or iJJI!n ex! Charles Schulz. Youknow thats incrediblein an worksjust the same as theApple com- getit home.Theres even a free4-

8 pound*computer , butall thosespecs putersyou learn on in school. diskettecourse on computerbasics t~ y intoparting with $1300 I can usewhen you're too busy to show personalfinances and taxes. modems.Or the lIc'slow cost full-color themhow. Speakingof which, they can deduct graphics/textplinter , Scribe. Allfor under $1,300.** Part of an AppleIIc 's TheIIcflag basrrX!lIIjOra/JOIl'f!lj)(1 ck.sojilmre. Butassure them Ofcourse, they probably won't want pricefrom their eL'ellnotebooks. So tis l/'Or/baJm '

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• A COMPUTER-AGEDOCTOR TURNS ATHLETESINTO WINNERS

B Y KEN W I L SON

Iympic gold medal win­ ner AI Oerter is hurling the discus farther than ever-and he's got a , joystick and video screen to thank for the improvement. The U.S. Women's volleyball team went from being one of the worst to one of the top teams in the world-and they're getting help from the same system. The system is called the Digit­ izer. The results are remarkable. Ask Olympians like hurdler Edwin Moses and discus thrower Mac Wilkens, or other great competitors like tennis star Jimmy Connors and marathon runner Bill Rodgers. Dr.Gideon Ariel is usingcomputer technology to analyzeathletes in action. Each has gotten help from the joystick-operated computerized Biomechanics is an attempt to he says. The Digitizer can slow the Digitizer of Dr. Gideon Ariel. apply the laws of physics to the action down and isolate any prob­ "When you analyze athletics sci­ human body, explains Ariel. lems. The Digitizer alone will not t entifically," says Dr. Ariel, "you see "Sports problems should be turn a person into a great athlete. that it's possible for many of the treated like engineering problems. But it can provide information to best athletes to do even better." An engineer doesn't just guess that enable good athletes to become t a bridge can hold up under traffic. even better. ACTIONON SCREEN She proves it mathematically.. .. The digitizing process begins We can do the same for athletes." with a high-speed 16mm camera. As a former Olympic discus The main tool of biomechanics, This camera shoots up to 10,000 thrower, Gideon Ariel knows what it the Digitizer, lets Dr. Ariel analyze frames of film per second. An means to be a tough compehtor. an athlete's weaknesses. He can athlete comes to Dr. Ariel's Coto Since 1971, he has been using this then go on and design ways to Research Center-a high-tech knowledge and the science of bio­ improve their performance. sports facility in southern California­ mechanics to help other athletes "Athletes are just too fast for the and is filmed in action. Dr. Ariel achieve their best performance. human eye to detect a problem," runs this film through a stop-action

34 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 projector and views it on a specially ball team. The Digitizer provided designed screen . data that helped the team improve Dr. Ariel-or one of his assistants­ on-court efforts. then stops every frame of the film "We use it to analyze skills and and touches a sonic pen to the improve techniques. We also use it screen . This pen makes a mark on to analyze the differences between the athlete's critical jOints­ our players and our opponents," shoulders, knees, elbows, etc. On says team coach Arie Selinger. a separate video monitor, these Recently, for example, Dr. Ariel points are shown as a series of used the Digitizer to compare Flo dots. Dr. Ariel touches a button on Hyman of the U.S. team with the computer and the dots are Yokayama, her counterpart on the connected to create a stick figure Japanese Women's Volleyball of the athlete in action. team . The Digitizer showed that OlympianAI Oerterhurls the discus By moving a joystick on the con­ Yokayama was a more powerful fartherwith help from the Digitizer. trol panel, Dr. Ariel can reposition spiker-even though she is 11 the stick figure. This allows him to inches shorter than the 6'5" examine the athlete's movement enormously. In a practice session, Hyman. Yokayama hit the ball at from every conceivable angle. "We Oerter even tossed the discus the strongest point in her leap, can see what you're doing wrong further than the world record of while Flo hit it too late. and what you 're doing right, " 233'5". The Digitizer showed "We took that information and explains Ariel. "Most important, we another Olympic discus thrower, designed a training program to can suggest ways for you to Mac Wilkins, that he could improve help Flo and the team "improve," improve." his toss by keeping his front leg stiff says Selinger. The women's team is while letting go of the discus. now considered a top contender GETTINGRESULTS The Digitizer also showed for the Olympic gold medal. Olympic hurdler Edwin Moses how Olympians and other athletes to move more efficiently over the HELPINGATHLETES TRAIN are impressed with the Digitizer's hurdles. And it let tennis pro Jimmy information. Connors see that he could It takes hard training to put the "The Digitizer helped me re-Iearn strengthen his serve by keeping Digitizer's lessons into practice. To my throw, and it really paid off," both feet on the ground when help athletes take this next step, says discus thrower Oerter, who hitting the ball. Gideon Ariel has created the Ariel­ has already competed in four But Gideon Ariel's most impres­ Tek, an exercise machine similar to Olympics. After working with Ariel sive achievement has been in a Nautilus or Universal machine. and the Digitizer, Oerter improved helping the U.S. Women 's Volley- But instead of using weights and

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 35 T o u c H o F G o L D

• pulleys, the Ariel-Tek uses a "An up-and-coming athlete computer-controlled pneumatics could watch a champion perform (compressed air) system to create and copy that performance," says resistance , Dr, Ariel , Run by a Radio Shack home It might even be possible to computer, the Ariel-Tek can be Digitizationhelped improve project the image life-size, Then programmed for a leg, chest, Flo Hyman'svolleyball game. a young athlete could step inside abdomen, shoulder or arm the champion's hologram and workout. And the pneumatic If the Ariel-Tek and Digitizer seem perform along with the image. system can be fine-tuned so that like 21st century equipment,con­ It will take time before inventions athletes must exert an exact sider Gideon Ariel 's latest project. like this can help tomorrow's amount of effort. On his drawing board is a athletes. Meanwhile, today's A number of U,S. Olympic shot­ system that will use holography (a athletes-competitors like AI putters use the Ariel-Tek, as does photo process done with lasers) to Oerter and Flo Hyman-have the entire Women's Volleyball team. create 3-D images of an athletic made great gains thanks to the And even non-Olympic athletes are performance, Dr, Ariel would film work of Gideon Ariel, He has • excited by the system. an athiete from three different helped them to reach farther than "There's no comparable piece angles at once, Then he would ever before. of equipment on the market now, ' digitize this action and combine all At the Olympics in Los Angeles, says Bob Ward, head of three images to create a three­ they will reach for the gold, ~ conditioning for the Dallas Cowboys dimensional image, Using a laser, professional football team , "It's the this image could be projected into KENWILSON is a freelancewriter in Los 21st century today." a viewing area. Angeles.

A sonicpen pinpoints the action ...... Dr.Ariel thenanalyzes the results.

36 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 • -;- """",-- p-

.-!-~~-' ,

MERICA'S RAINING

HIGH-TECHHELP FOR U.S. OLYMPIC ATHLETES

BY NORVELL BRASCH

he U.S. Olympic team is ready to face the world . America's athletes have never been so well pre­ pared; but then , America hasT never before had a state-of-the­ art training site like the Olympic Training Center in Colorado . Hundreds of athletes in every sport-from race walking to rowing , archery to weight lifting-have used the Center to prepare for the 1984 Olympics. They practice with top trainers and coaches and use the finest athletic equipment avail­ able. They also get special help from computers in the Center's Biomechanics Laboratory. "We provide a microscope [to help] the athlete ," says Dr. Charles Dillman, director of the Lab.

INJENSIVETRAINING

More than 12,000 athletes use the Center each year. A few hun­ dred athletes, the best in the country, had their training paid for by the U.S. Olympic Committee (USOC). These potential Olympic Team members train all year . Asthe Olympics approach, they are sent here for a few intensive weeks. The Center's gym, track and A computer-runmachine at the ColoradoSprings center heals injuries.

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 37 A M E R I C A'S T R A

a &

weight room facilities give athletes a place to train . The Biomechanics Lab analyzes their performances and helps them improve. "Computers let us analyze in more detail and give quicker feed­ back," says Dr. Dillman. "The coach still has to take the informa­ tion , and the athlete has to act on the advice." The Biomechanics Lab can study an athlete in any sport. Take race walking , an event where com­ petitors stride at top speed without breaking into a run.) Dr. Dillman's staff will film a race walker in action, tracking movement on a high­ speed video camera that can rec­ ord 200 frames per second. The race walker performs on a force platform, which records the pres­ sure he places on his foot. The Biomechanics Lab re­ searchers then go to work. Using computers, they synchronize the film footage with the data produced by the force platform. Researchers, coaches and athletes look for prob­ lems: Is the racer planting his foot too far in front? Is there a substan­ tial difference between the force produced by each foot that might indicate a weakness in one leg? These may seem small points but, explains Sandy Bauer, Dr. Dill­ man's assistant, they can make a very big difference. "A race walker who wastes two centimeters in every stride has produced enough excess vertical motion at the end of 20 mile race to have climbed the Americanathletes get a boost Empire State Building," he says. fromthe latesttechnology at Individual athletes aren't the only the OfympicTraining Center . ones to benefit from the Center's 1. A specialsensor hefps 18- Biomechanics program. The U.S. year-oldarcher Becky Liggett . Olympic Rowing Team , for in­ 2. Computersmonitor the stance, also trained here. When the progressof top cyclists. Olympic rowers were in camp, Difl­ 3. An immersiontank measures man 's staff put them into a anathlete 's muscfe/fatralia

38 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 I N I N G C E N T E R

• 1&

simulated rowing scull called an ergometer. Small light-emitting di­ odes were attached to each rower at his or her hip, shoulder, elbow, knee and wrist. As the team rowed, an infrared camera picked up the light from these points and created a stick figure of the rowers on a nearby color monitor. This system, known as SELSPOT, helped the team identify bad habits -such as a rower who raised an oar too soon from the water. SOLVINGAN ARCHERY PROBLEM

One of Dr. Dillman's recent chal­ lenges was to help an 18-year-old archer named Becky Liggett regain her world-class form. For some reason, Becky's usual steadiness and accuracy were off when she arrived at camp this past spring. Dr. Dillman devised a sys­ tem that would help Becky and her coach to understand what she was doing wrong . A SELSPOT sensor attached to the end of the bow and to the target recorded any move­ ment in the bow during the last second before shooting. At the same time, a force platform marked shifts in Becky's center of gravity. The computer revealed some in­ teresting results: Becky's open stance kept her very steady from left to right, but she tended to move slightly back from the target . With the information, Becky made slight adjustments in her stance. The changes seem to be to improvediet andtraining. working. "I'm on the comeback," 4. Aerobicfitness is tested Becky says of her time at the Train­ whenthis runner'sbreathing ing Center, "and I'm ready to get is monitoredby computer. back in." With Dr. Dillman's high­ 5. Stride-by-strideper­ tech help, she hopes to make it all formanceis recordedwith the way to the Olympic finals. @ high-speedvideo equipment. 6. A forceplatform gauges a NORVELLBRASCH is a freelancewriter in weightlifter'sbalance . Denver.

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 39 LE I

THEBROAD JUMP CHAMP LEAPS INTO THE COMPUTER AGE

BY KATHLEEN W. STORFER

s a kid, Carl Lewis Today, Carl Lewis is 23 years of the most important American seemed too small to be old, stands 6'2" tall and weighs 180 athletes at the Summer Olympics in an athlete. Yet when he pounds. He's no longer a little guy, Los Angeles. He has a chance to was 12 years old and but he still believes he can be a match Jesse Owens' accomplish­ only4'11"tall, Carl winner. With a bit of high-tech help, ment by winning four Olympic gold leaped to his first big and support from the other great medals-in the 100 meter dash, 200 victory-winning the long jump athletes in his family-like his sister, meter dash, 400 meter relay and in competition at a youth track meet Carol-Carl promises to be one his specialty, the long jump. in Philadelphia. Carl and his coach, Tom Tellez, What was really important to know it will take more than de­ Carl that day was meeting his hero, termination to win in competition Jesse Owens, the legendary track with the world's finest athletes. So star who won four gold medals at they are training hard, pushing the 1936 Olympics. Owens was Carl 's natural abilities to the limit­ impressed by the youngster from and , yes, getting some help from Willingboro, N.J. He was amazed computers. that a small kid could be such a Carl is a top-ranked runner. But it tough competitor. is the long jump that offers him the "You sure are little," Owens told greatest challenge. That challenge Carl that day "and you just is the world's record jump-29'2 W' happened to win this thing because -set by Bob Beamon of the U.S. you 're so determined." in the 1968 Olympics. Beamon's

A trophywinner at 12, Carl was still a longway from the '84 Games.

40 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 -

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 41 jump beat the previous world's In order to help Carl jump farther, tunity to analyze Carl's jump in detail. record by almost two feet, and Dr. Hay first collects data about By examining the computer until recently was considered Lewis's style in competition. Hay image, Tellez saw that Carl was unbeatable. does this by traveling to major track "chopping" his last four strides, But Carl Lewis believes he can meets and videotaping Carl in hesitating ever-so-slightly as he break Beamon's record . "My poten­ action. Rolling this videotape frame­ neared the jump line. This cut down tial is farther than that, " he told by-frame and using a special stylus, Carl 's speed and the distance of his The New York Times. "My goal is 29 Dr. Hay marks 21 different points on jump. In training, Coach Tellez used feet, but I think 30 feet is possible. " the image of Carl jumping. Hay this information to help Carl stop In fact, Carl has come close to then feeds this information into a hesitating, thereby improving his breaking the record a few times. His computer to create a stick-figure stride. best jump, the second longest in diagram of the actual jump. This The information provided by history, was 28 feet , 10% inches). If figure gives Coach Tellez an oppor- Dr. Hay's computer "helps us he improves on his best by just five substantiate anything being done in

inches, he'll do it. ~ training ...it measures those things

~ [we've] worked on," says Coach A GIANTLEAP ~ ~ Tellez. But, he stresses, the com­ P' I); puter and biomechanics program z Two years ago, in an effort to get ~ only helps identify specific problem

that extra distance, Carl started ~ points. " It's only a tool, not an end working with the Elite Athlete r in itself," says the coach. " It's worth­ biomechanics program. This E less unless the information is ~ program, run by Dr. James Hay of ~ interpreted correctly." the University of Iowa, works with 9 The most important things going some of the top track and field for Carl. says Tellez, are his own fm athletes in the nation. The program ()Z physical and mental abilities. Those is similar to the biomechanics work are traits that can't come from a being done by Dr. Gideon Ariel computer. (see the "Touch of Gold" story in RUNNINGIN THEFAMILY this issue)~ "With Carl," says Dr. Hay, "Coach Tellez wants to particularly focus on Carl Lewis has worked hard velocity patterns, angle of take-off to improve his abilities. And he's and stride length." gotten some help from other great "We're trying to get maximum athletes-his parents, brothers and acceleration," says Tellez . "The TheLewis family has two Olympic­ sister. more speed, the longer the jump." boundstars: Carol and Carl (front). "We always stressed individual

42 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 achievement over winning, " says But after being "the dud of the because of growing pains. He got Carl's mother, Evelyn. "And when he family" for a while, Carl became stronger and trained hard. By his improved, we'd praise him for it. " frustrated. At a tenth grade track senior year, Carl had emerged as an Both of Carl's parents, Evelyn and meet, he told his father: "I 'm tired of athlete of international standing . Bill, were top track stars. His mother losing! I'm tired of losing! " When he graduated from Willing­ competed as a high hurdler in the "Well buddy," his father replied, boro High, he became a student first Pan-American Games. Today, "then the only thing you have to do at the University of Houston. There Carl's mother and father coach track is start winning." he gets to work with Coach Tom at rival New Jersey high schools. The winning started soon Tellez-whom many consider to be His brother, Mackie, was an enough. Carl began to grow bigger one of the finest long jump coaches excellent long jumper in high school in tenth grade. In fact, according to in the world. and his other brother, Cleveland, his mother, he grew so fast that he AHEADOF HIS TIME played professional soccer for a few was on crutches for a few weeks years. But Carl's most famous sibling is ~ Carl's effort-the training with his sister, Carol. She's the world's ~ Coach Tellez, the biomechanics top-ranked female long jumper, and In work with Dr. Hay, the constant likely to be a fellow member of the ~ competition with other top track U.S. Olympic Track Team. While stars-is pushing him closer to his az Carl was small and somewhat g goal. That goal is more than just awkward as a boy, Carol always ~ breaking the long jump record , o seemed to be a top athlete. and more, even, than winning an "She was bigger than I was, " Carl Olympic gold medal. recalls. "Everyone was bigger than I It is to prove that he is an athlete was .... It was frustrating to always be who deserves to be in the company the dud of the family, so I really of greats like Bob Beamon and worked hard." Jesse Owens. For the Lewis family, sports wasn't "I think long jump has the best really hard work-it was fun . Carol athletes in track and field," Carl remembers first practicing the long says. "It's had Jesse Owens, who jump with her brother in the set a world record that stood for 25 backyard, leaping into the sand­ years. It's had Bob Beamon. It's had filled patio foundation their father people that moved ahead of their had poured. "We used to make time." G sand castles in the pit," she says, "then take a running leap and Computerscan help, but at thefinish KATHLEENW STORFER is a freelancewriter smash 'em." line it's still Carl'srace. living in NewYork City

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 43 • ~OLYMPIC VIDEOGAMES

B Y E R / C BAB/NET, 1 6

he finish line is just 10 meters event. Pressure does build up, and ., away. A burst of strength, a it can be a big disappointment to last flick of the joystick, and you tire out in the 1,500 meter race. are victorious. The game has a few weak points. These are the Olympic games, Sound effects are minimal. There's but not the ones that will take place an Olympic theme song, a special in Los Angeles. These Olympic­ cheer for high scorers and the inspired computer games let you thudding sound of runner's <9 compete at home. After playing (") footsteps-but that's it. l> them all, I've put together this '

1984. ~ while. And it requires a surprising AnOlympic workout lor Eric. amount of endurance. My eight­ year-old brother, for instance, got JiJACTIVISION ner or prepare for a throw, you move tired after a few events. Activision .., DECATHLON the joystick in left-right motion. The doesn't suggest a minimum age for $34.95from Activision for theAtari 2600. faster you move the joystick, the this game, but I th irnk you should be faster your runner moves. 10 or older to get the most from it. Believe me, it's not as easy as it I recommend this Decathlon for The first morning after trying this sounds. I found myself frantically those who want a real workout. game, I woke up with an aching changing hand positions and (Available soon for Comm. 64) shoulder and blisters. That's not a sometimes even having to rest for a complaint; it's testimony to how re­ second or two. But once I de­ , SUMMERGAMES alistic Decathlon can seem. veloped a feel for the game, it As in the real Olympic decathlon, became more enjoyable and much $30-35by Epyxfor the Commodore64 the Activision Decathlon features less tiring. 10 events-the 100 meter dash, Scoring goes from zero to a little long jump, shot put, high jump, 400 above 1,000. Anything above 800 is If the U.S. Olympic team is as meter dash, 110 meter hurdles, dis­ good. I found myself continually smooth as this game, they'll have cus throw, pole vault, javelin and wanting to better my performance, no trouble winning medals in LA 1,500 meter run. To move your run- and hoping I wouldn't mess up an Action is detailed and easy to con-

44 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 RacinglDiving/ Hurlingl Hoistingl These Olympic computer games put youin controlof on-screenathletes. (Fromlellto right)Aclivision's Decathlon, Epyx's Summer Games, Microsoffs Decathlon, and Hes Ware'sHES Games '84.

trol, and the graphics give you a means more ways to improve per­ real sense of being at the Games. formance ...and more ways for you , HESGAMES' 84 I got a sneak preview of Summer to make mistakes. $39.95by HesWare for theCommodore 64 Games, because Epyx was still Before competition begins, you working on it. If the prototype I have to type data into the com­ played is any indication of what the puter. You are required to set the Tired of trotting around the track? final version will be, I'd say Epyx height of the high jump, the force of HES Games '84 offers players a has itself a hit. the discus throw, and so forth. It different set of Olympic events. Oh Summer Games begins with an takes time to determine what levels sure, you can still run the 100 opening ceremony, during which work best for you . meters or the hurdles, but this players can choose the country In the discus throw, for instance, Olympic computer game also lets they want to represent. The Olym­ the higher the force you choose, you attempt such events as weight­ pic events in this game include the harder it is to control release. In lifting, diving and archery. gymnastics, pole vaulting, skeet long jump, the faster you travel, the HES Games '84 gives you shooting, relay racing, swimming more difficult it is to leap at pre­ plenty of control and forces you to and diving. cisely the right moment. Timing is plan each move. With archery, for I was particularly impressed with truly everything. instance, you control the bow, the diving event. You control the The decathlon also requires dif­ string and position of release. You tuck of the diver and perform a ferent kinds of controls for different have to take into account such somersault, half pike or full pike events. Running, high jump and things as wind speed, distance dive. pole vault are all controlled by hit­ and even muscle fatigue. It takes Animation is very well done: ting keys on the keyboard. To time to master the technique. the diver really looks like a diver. shotput, you need paddles. These HES Games '84 has some Overall play is excellent. controls are awkward, and the con­ unique features-including an in­ tinuous hitting of keys can be tough stant replay of your event. You can Ji; MICROSOFT on keyboard and fingers. even copy a performance off a disk, I had another major complaint: then compete against yourself. An­ .., DECATHLON there are no sound effects at all. other special feature lets you check $29.95from Microsoft for the Apple/I or 11+ This software is two years old, so its your performance against the real graphics are not equal to the other Olympic records. That is the ulti- games here. Still, I enjoyed the vari­ mate competition. ~ Events in Microsoft Decathlon ety of ways you have to control are basically the same as in the action. ERICBABINET, 16, is a memberof the Activision game. But there are a lot Microsoft Decathlon offers a ENTERYouth Advisor board and designer of more variables in this software. That different kind of challenge. the videogame, Star Crystals.

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 45 ndNowaWOrd

HOW TV WILL COVER THE GAMES

ith a crack, the starting of the Summer Olympics to almost gunsounds,andthe every country in the world . It will runners are off. take 2,000 ABC technicians and Your heart pounds as broadcasters, and some very they race around the sophisticated computers, to Wtrack. It's as if you are right there. produce this coverage-the But you're really at home, biggest show in television history. watching the Summer Olympics Computer data bases will keep from the comfort of an easy chair. track of more than a thousand miles Around the world, more than 2.5 of videotape footage and hundreds billion people are watching along of Olympic statistics and records. with you. Television, with its vast Computer-controlled editing array of high-tech equipment, has facilities will enable ABC to create PaintBox creates an almost3-~ made it possible for billions of profile and highlight films almost imageof Olympicrings and logos. people to have a front-row view of instantly. Technicians will even use the Olympic competition. computers to keep track of the To create this up-close coverage, more than 16,000 pieces of cable ABC-TV has set up two huge video that connect all this high-tech command centers in Los Angeles. equipment together. From these centers, the network But the most exciting computer will broadcast more than 250 hours contribution to this summer's

C ABC PHOTOGRAPHY Olympic coverage are the mind­ grabbing special effects and graphics, effects created with three computers-the Mirage, the Paint Box and the Dubner. The Mirage computer is a small, simple box with buttons and several tiny joysticks hooked up to a minicomputer. As its name implies, the Mirage can create fantastic optical illusions. Its specialty is twisting, rolling or flipping a picture into startling shapes. Like ABC's other graphics computers, the Mirage can digitize a television image-that is, translate the TV signal into a series of 1's and O's. The Mirage can manipulate these 1's and O's into a variety of shapes. You'll be able to spot FromABC's video command center, the '84 Gameswill be beamedto the world. Mirage effects during the coverage

46 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 fromOur Computer

BY SETH GREENBERG

of the Games. If you see a blue example, to create a portrait of an globe spin, unfold and flatten, or athlete standing in front of his or the edge of a picture tear away like her country's flag, the artist shoots peeling wallpaper, you're seeing a videotape of the athlete. Then, the Mirage in action. using an electronic pen (or the The-two other powerhouses on computer keyboard), the artist this computer graphics team are "pastes" this video picture onto the the Paint Box and the Dubner. flag artwork. "Each is used for a specific "Anything you can draw, color, purpose, though they all overlap to cut or paste by hand, you can do some degree, " explains Rolf with the Paint Box, " explains Drucker, ABC's manager of Drucker, "Artists take to it very Electronic Graphic Systems. quickly. With the Paint Box, Paint Box is the easiest to use, graphics that used to take hours according to the artists who work now can be done in minutes." TheMirage makes images spin and unfurl. § on it. That's probably because the The other graphic system, the

artists don't have to write programs Dubner, is used mostly for ~ o." to create their images. This animating. When you see white change on screen, you're watching ;: computerized rainbow maker is lines trace the path of a shotput or the Dubner at work. n C5 used primarily to blend video javelin across the screen, or see a ABC artists create this animation ~ .... images with computer artwork. For high jump or long jump chart by typing commands into the rn r Dubner's keyboard, or by sketching with an electronic pen on a "bit pad" that is similar to a graphics tablet. The Dubner offers a lot of options, including more than 500 different styles of lettering and 4,000 colors. And it stores all this in a megabyte (a million bytes) of computer memory. ABC Sports will use 10 Dubners, a Paint Box and a Mirage this summer. They'll help illustrate and animate the 1984 Olympics like never before. So, when you're watching the Games, keep an eye out for computer graphics that twist and swirl and swoop. And, oh yes , don't forget to watch the athletes, too.

SETHGREENBERG is a freelance computer Computerscreens show artists which images can be combinedwith Paint Box. writerin NewYork City

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 47 ANDS- N

PLACESTO PLAY WITH TECHNOLOGY THISSUMMER

BY KATHERINE DURSO

ondering what to do Francisco's Exploratorium), or If you come across a great place with your free time check out new computer games we haven't listed, let us know about this summer? If (Children's Museum, Indianapolis). it. Write to: you're looking for If you're in the mood for some­ Hands-OnHigh- Tech high-tech fun, we've thing strictly computer, you can ENTER got some special suggestions. No even rent time on a terminal in 1 LincolnPlaza matter where you live, there are many of these places ... usually for New York,N. Y.10023 places nearby where you can get only a small fee . And have a great summer! hands-on experience with comput­ ers, robots, laser beams,and more. CALLFOR INFORMATION THEWEST We've listed 35 of the best. We've covered museums, Be sure to cali ali these places in amusement parks and high tech­ advance if you plan to visit. Hours nology centers. They offer a wide and admission prices vary from II CAUFORNIAMUSEUM OF SCI­ variety of fun and challenge. You museum to museum. And if you're ENCEAND INDUSTRY, Los Angeles, can play checkers with a robot arm thinking of bringing along some CA (213) 744-7400. How does a (The Omniplex, Oklahoma City), friends, check out the group computer work? You'll learn that make synthesized music (San rates-you may save money here-plus how computers create

48 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 IGH- ECH

art and make everyday life a little ers. Watch roving robots demon­ and probability on one of the 50 easier. Not enough? Then check out strate their capabilities. computers on exhibit. Put your vi­ the electronic home of the future . sual and word recognition skills to the test on them, too. SOUTHWEST fJ EXPLORATORIUM,San Fran­ cisco, CA (415) 563-3200. This IliJTHE SPACE CENTER, center lets you become a computer D FORTWORTH MUSEUM OF Alamagordo, NM (800) 545-4021. artist or musician. Have your SCIENCEAND HISTORY, Fort Worth, Take a walk on the moon. The speech patterns analyzed by a TX (817) 732-1631. Visit "Physiology "Apollo Exhibit" has a laser disc computer. The hands-on exhibits Hall" and learn amazing facts with all the footage from the Apollo here let you see-up close-every­ about your body, tailored to your mission, and visitors can call up thing from what color is to how height, weight and age. any scene they want. thoughts are transmitted . THEMIDWEST D OMNIPLEX,Oklahoma City, IJ LAWRENCEHAll OFSCIENCE, OK (405) 424-5545. Play checkers Berkeley, CA (415) 642-5134. Learn with "Lefty, " the robotic arm. Have a all about earthquakes, energy and chat with a talking computer. Fly mCENTER OF SCIENCE AND nutrition by playing computer high and learn all about birds with INDUSTRY,Columbus , OH (614) games. Rent time on Commodore a fine-feathered computer pro. 228-6361 . Watch RB Robot do and Apple computers, select soft­ aerobics to music. See-through ware from the museum's collection. banking machines let you watch D SESAMEPLACE, Irving, TX while they work. Play "Strike it Rich" (214) 445-0480. Learn about logic and make millions-at least in fun . II LOSANGELES CHIWREN'S MUSEUMTorrance, CA (213) 370-6863. Direct and watch your own TV show. Sketch and animate drawings on one of the museum's five terminals.

II OREGONMUSEUM OF SCI­ ENCEAND INDUSTRY, Portland, OR (503) 222-2828. Learn what micro­ electronics is about at the "Micro­ Tech" exhibit. At "Chips and Changes," learn how computers and robots are changing your life.

II PACIFICSCIENCE CENTER, Seattle, WA (206) 625-9333. Play games and learn about the history Youcan be a computerrock & roller in theExploratorium's Music Room. and present-day uses of comput-

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 49 HANDS-ON

take energy-related quizzes on one of the museum's 17 computers.

mEPCOT CENTER, Walt Disney World, Lake Buena Vista, FL (305) 824-2222. The "Compute a Coaster" exhibit lets visitors use touch-screen computer graphics to create a roller coaster-and then take a simulated ride. SMRT-1 Robot will keep you jumping with its guessing games. See computer­ generated 3-D movies and laser graphics, and learn how comput­ ers help run EPCOT. Hacker'sdelight: 30 Applesprogrammed for fun at SesamePlace, PA.

"HERO" the robot entertains visitors f1ilLOUISIANA WORLD EXPOSI­ II ITHE CHILDREN'S MUSEUM, with songs and tricks. Try a com­ TION'84, New Orleans, LA (504) Indianapolis, IN (317) 924-KIDS. puter program that teaches the 566-1984. Touch-screen comput­ Become the President of the U. S. physical dynamics of slides, ers throughout the fairgrounds and make important energy deci­ swings and balances. See a film on guide visitors to restaurants and sions using a computer. Learn robotics. exhibits. The original space shuttle basic economics by taking a job as "Enterprise" is on display. a carnival owner, starship captain or robot salesman. mMUSEUM OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY,Chicago, IL (312) mMUSEUM OF ARTS AND 684-1414. Go for a walk down the SCIENCES,Jacksonville, FL (904) mDES MOINES CENTER OF SCI­ high-tech highway in "Technology: 396-7062. Take a look at light­ ENCEAND INDUSTRY, Greenwood­ Chance or Choice," an exhibit that laser light. Meet "Mr. Torso," a com­ Ashworth Park, IA (515) 274-4138. examines 50 years of technology. puter-run exhibit that will teach you' Ever wonder how tall you'll grow? Visit "Eliza"-the first computer about your body. Here you can consult a computer. psychoanalyst. See "Compute!" - an exhibit that gives the low-down on computers. mMUSEUM OF SCIENCEAND Use two terminals for game playing mSCIENCE MUSEUM OF INDUSTRY,Tampa, FL (813) and speech analysis. MINNESOTA,St. Paul, MN (612) 985-5531 . Create your own thun­ 221-9488. Watch "Lasers: The Light derstorm on the computer, learn Fantastic"-a demonstration of mDETROIT SCIENCE CENTER, how these amazing beams work. Detroit, MI (313) 577-8400. Use a Experiment with a voice syn­ voice-simulator microcomputer: thesizer and "Turtle," a simple robot. you type in words, then it speaks or sings them out. Then, work out your brainpower as computers quiz you THESOUTHEAST on math and science.

mAMERICAN MUSEUM OF SCI­ mIMPRESSION 5 MUSEUM, ENCEANO ENERGY, Oak Ridge, TN Lansing, MI (517) 485-8115. (615) 576-3200. Play games and "Lefty"plays checkers at the Omniplex.

50 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 HIGH-TECH

how tornadoes occur, visit the sun. Test your knowledge of weather and electricity on one of the mu­ seum's eight terminals.

&lSCIENCE MUSEUM AND PLAN­ ETARIUMOF PALM BEACH COUNTY, West Palm Beach, FL (305) 832-1988. Say hello to "Sir Plus," a tour-giving robot. Play games or program in the "Computer Learn­ ing Center."

MIDDLEATLANTIC STATES Confusedabout fusion? Visit "Tokomack" at the FranklinInstitute.

BUHLPLANETARIUM AND IN­ 357-1300. Take a trip into space on m THENORTHEAST STITUTEOF POPULAR SCIENCE, the shuttle. Surround yourself with Pittsburgh, PA (412) 321-4300. Fin­ space technology, from the Wright ger paint on a computer screen Brothers up to today. with "Pixel Paintpots." Try one of II BOSTONCHIWREN'S MU­ 24 micros available for public use. SEUM,Museum Wharf, Boston, MA mNATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATU­ (617) 426-8855. "HI" program intro­ RALHISTORY, Washington , D.C. duces visitors to computers. Play mCAPITAL CHIWREN'S . (202) 357-1300. Travel back in time gamesonDECcomp~e~. MUSEUM,Washington, D.C. (202) and see antique computers, in­ 543-8600. Meet "Wisecracker," a cluding the famous ENIAC and a computer that'll crack you up. Play room-sized Burroughs computer. mTHE DISCOVERY CENTER, music, draw and learn geography Syracuse, NY (315) 425-9068. An with pre-programmed computers. early home video game, encased !IiJSCIENCE MUSEUM OF VIR­ in clear plastic, lets you see its GINIA,Richmond, VA (804) 257- microprocessor. mFRANKUN INSTITUTE SCIENCE 0000. A computer-graphics projec­ MUSEUM,Philadelphia, PA (215) tion system revolutionizes the 564-3375. Computer simulation planetarium here. Look at the heav­ mMUSEUM OF HOLOGRAPHY, programs let you make all critical ens from many perspectives. New York, NY (212) 925-0526. Fa­ decisions as you fly an airplane. mous people captured here in holograms . See rare holograms mSESAME PLACE, Langhorne, from all over the world. mMARYLAND SCIENCE CENTER, PA (215) 757-1100. Check out "The Baltimore, MD (301) 685-2370. How Computer Gallery" where 32 pre­ do computers work? Find out programmed computers help you mMUSEUM OF SCIENCE, at "The Computer Company." Meet learn while you play logic and word Boston, MA (617) 723-2500. Learn "Dr. Know, " a computer that can games. about the ancestors of today's per­ help solve all your problems. Don't miss the computer­ sonal computers. Play games and simulated light show in the experiment with programs. @ "Rainbow Room," where your mNATIONAL AIR AND SPACE movements are captured and re­ KATHERINEDURSO writes about science MUSEUM,Washington, D.C. (292) played in brightly colored light . andtechnology in WashingtonD.C.

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 51 lIeor Not lIe? A PREVIEWOF APPLE'S NEW PORTABLE COMPUTER

BYSUSAN MEYERS AND DAN LHAMON

t was like a scene from a machine families across America the Apple lie. The Apple engineers cloak-and-dagger spy movie. are waiting for." They also called it have squeezed a 128K computer, We were sworn to secrecy and the "cuddliest" computer ever to hit a keyboard, and one disk drive into I whisked to the sixth floor of the market. We're not sure what they a trim white plastic box the size of a Apple Headquarters in Cupertino, mean by that. In fact, we didn't get briefcase. The whole thing, which California. There we were shown into much of a chance to "cuddle" it, or comes with a carrying handle, the Baltic Ave. room (every room in use it in private, so this is not a weighs just seven pounds. (The Apple HQ is named after a square hands-on review. But we definitely power supply, which does not fit in on the Monopoly board). Finally, liked what we did see of the Ilc. the case, is another two Ibs .) after being "briefed" by engineers The Ilc is being sold in a package and designers, we were given a that also includes an RF modulator WHATYOU GET sneak preview of Apple's newest and cables for hooking up a monitor product-the Apple Ilc portable. or TV, built-in Applesoft BASIC, The Ilc was introduced to us by Basically, the Apple Ilc is a and tutorial disks and manuals. Apple press people as "the portable and upgraded version of Although the price had not been iii iii '- ____ _ ------_ ___ iiii al lillil ~SICRAINING

PROGRAMSFOR YOUR COMPUTER Apple,Atari, Commodore 64,.IBM PC, TI99/4A, Timex-Sinclair,TRS-80 Color Computer, VIC 20

BAS-Ie (To the tune of "BEAT IT") Program that computer, your spelling, and let you playa Till you get it right, game. We also have the results to Your friends are talking , you It doesn't m atter, our Challenge #3 , and a new don't know what they mean , Could be day or night , Challenge for all of you up-and­ It's all about computers , it's It's BASIC, coming software engineers. a whole new scene, Just BASIC, In fact, the only thing we didn't You wanna be a whiz kid­ It's BASIC, have was something that would not just another teen, Just BASIC (Whoo !). help you dance. Which is why we It's BASIC, don 't you know included our version of Michael what I mean ? The programs in this month's Jackson's "Beat It." Now we've got (Chorus) BASIC Training will help you everything- except a video on Learn BASIC! Just BASIC ! animate computer graphics, keep MTV. Well , maybe next month. Otherwise, you'll have to fake it. time in Binary numbers, improve - Richard Chevat, TechnicalEditor

2) type the new character the way 130 PRINT AT Y, X;" " INVISIBLEVIDEO: you normally would (it will appear 140 REM NEW COORDINATES TIMEX-SINCLAIR in the prompt in the lower left 150 LET X=X+(A$= "8") hand corner); 3) press ENTER -(A$ = "5 ") 1000,1500 again (to change to a graphics 160 LET Y = Y + (A$ = "6 ") character, you press ENTER twice). -(A$ = "7") This program lets your com­ Just remember, this is not real 170 IF X> 31 THEN LET X= 31 puter write with invisible ink. By invisible ink. You don't have to 180 IF X< 0 THEN LET X = 0 moving the blinking cursor with hold your TV over a candle to see 190 IFY > 21 THENLETY=21 the 5, 6, 7, or 8 keys, you can the secret message. 200 IF Y< 2 THEN LET Y=2 leave a trail of characters on the 210 IF A$ = "A" THEN screen. But all you see is the 10 REM INVISIBLE VIDEO GOTO 280 cursor. 20 REM ARRAY FOR SCREEN 220 IF A$= "Z" THEN Your Timex keeps track of every 30 DIM 0$(22,32) GOTO 240 character you draw by putting it in 40 LET 0$(1) = 230 GOTO 80 the correct spot in the 0$ array (in INVISIBLE VIDEO 240 FOR 1= 1 TO 22 line 110). Just hit the" Z" key 50 LET X= 15 250 PRINT AT 1-1,0 ;0$(1) and your computer will print out 60 LET Y= 11 260 NEXTI the contents of the array on the 70 LET X$ = ... " 270 GOTO 80 screen (lines 240 -260). You can 80 REM PRINT CURSOR 280 INPUT A$ then continue drawing invisibly. 90 PRINT AT Y,X;X$ 290 LET X$ =A$ You can change the character 100 REM SAVE 300 GOTO 80 -Micha el Allen you are drawing by following 110 LET 0$(Y + 1,X+1) = X$ these steps: 1) press" A" ; 120 LET A$=INKEY$ (BASIC Trainingcontinues on next page)

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 55 reflexes. But, don't use it to create BINARYCLOCK: an alarm clock. Your teacher ATARI,COMMODORE 64, IBM, won't buy the excuse, "My com­ TRS-BOCOLOR COMPUTER, VIC-20 puter didn't go off."

NOTE: ~ means hold down the Everybody knows that com­ SHIFT key and press CLR . ..§means puters use binary numbers. But press the HOME key. can you write a program using them? Here's one that will help VIC20: you learn about binary numbers and also teach you how to use 10 REM BINARY CLOCK your computer's timing feature . 20 PRINT"s" It displays the time in binary and 30 INPUT" SET TIME - decimal numbers. HHMMSS" ; TI$ In the VIC and COMMODORE 40 PRINT "5" versions, the timer is read with the 50 PRINT TAB(8)"CLOCK" TI$ function, which gives you six 60 PRINT:PRINT decimal digits. The first two digits 70 PRINT "BINARY"; count the hours, the next two the TAB(15) "DECIMAL" minutes, and the last two count 75 REM TI$ = TIMER seconds. You get the current 80 T$=TI$ value of the timer in line 80. (On 90 HOUR$ = MID$(T$, 1 ,2) the IBM, the timer is called TIME$). 100 MIN$ = MID$(T$,3,2) The timer starts at zero when 110 SEC$ = MID$(T$,5.2) you turn on your computer. (You 120 PRINT"S" : PRINT can set the timer to the actual time 130 PRINT: PRINT : PRINT with the INPUT statement in line 135 REM X = VALUE TO BE 30.) Lines 90-110 slice off the CONVERTED TO digits for hours, minutes and sec­ BINARY:Y$ = DECIMAL onds. Subroutine 500 converts 140 X=VAL(SEC$) the decimal numbers to binary. 150 X$= "SECONDS" : The TRS-80 timer works a little Y$=SEC$ differently. It counts from zero to 160 GOSUB 500 65535, changing every sixtieth of 170 X = VAL(MIN$) a second (approximately). So our 180 X$ = "MINUTES": program first adds up these Y$=MIN$ sixtieths of a second in line 160. 190 GOSUB 500 Then it has to convert them into 200 X = VAL(HOUR$) seconds in line 190. 210 X$= "HOURS": The timer on the ATARI is also a Y$=HOUR$ memory location that changes 220 GOSUB 500 every sixtieth of a second. But it 230 IF TI$ = T$ THEN GOTO only counts to 256. You read the 230 timer with the PEEK command in 240 GOTO 80 line 140. This version also makes 500 REM CONVERT TO a small beep every second. BINARY Once you learn how to use the 510 B=0:IFX>=32THEN timer on your computer, you can X=X-32:B=1 write a time limit into your next 520 C =0 :IF x> = 16 THEN game program, or create a pro­ gram that tests someone's (Programcontinues on nextpage)

ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 HARDWARE

set , Apple told us the Ilc would computer is on). easier than opening up your com­ probably go for around $1,200. There are 16 colors. Because of puter and plugging in boards. Since the Ilc is like the lie in many the 128K RAM, al/ of them can be SOFTWARE:Of course, one of the ways, we're going to report on the displayed on the screen at the same biggest pluses of the Ilc is that it will features that are different. time. The Ilc also has an ultra-high run 90 percent of all lie software. PORTABIUTY:At nine pounds total, resolution mode (590 x 192 dots), Apple had one software package the Ilc is definitely easy to carry making for high quality graphics. on display, called MousePaint, that around. The problem right now is SOUND:IIc is full of handy switches was written specifically for the Ilc that there's no monitor included­ and gizmos. There's a volume con­ and-you guessed it-a mouse. you either have to find a handy TV or trol and an audio jack on the side of While Apple marketing people were monitor, or carry one around with the case. Plug in a set of head­ distracted, Dan got a chance to you . But this should only be a tem­ phones and the sound effects of actually use it for a little while. He porary problem, since Apple your favorite game will be heard drew an Apple logo, which really promises that in September they will only by you . Otherwise, the sound made our hosts happy. We thought start selling a flat display screen on the Ilc is the same as the lie, Mouse Paint was a very good graph­ (similar to ones found on notebook­ which means it is not a music-mak­ ics program and a lot of fun to use. sized computers). It will be only a ing machine like the Commodore couple of inches wide, will fit on top 64, but it can play tunes. /I BUYOR NOT /I BUY? of the Ilc and will display 24 lines PERIPHERALS:We saw several pe­ with 80 columns of text. ripherals at our sneak preview. MEMORY:With 128K, the Ilc comes There is an external disk drive you At $1,200, the Ilc will be priced with twice as much memory as the can add, and a small 9" Ilc monitor. about equally with the lie. (For the lie. This is more than enough for A peripheral we especially liked same money you could get a lie most home uses and for many busi­ was the mouse that was hooked up with a monitor, but not 128K and the ness applications. for us. Our hosts said one would be expansion ports.) It seems to be KEYBOARD:The Ilc has the same available for about $40. designed to compete with the IBM keyboard layout as the lie. For Unlike the lie, the Ilc does riot PCjr, and like the PCjr , part of what someone like Dan, who has used have any expansion slots. We didn't you're paying for is the large soft­ the lie, this was a nice feature. Al­ think this was much of a disadvan­ ware market and the support Apple though the keys are closer together tage, since it already has 128K and gives its products. than on the lie, we found them com­ there are built-in ports in the back of We can't give a complete recom­ fortable to use. the computer where you can plug in mendation until we get a ch'ance to Unlike any other computer we've a mouse, joystick, printer or other use a Ilc for an extended period of seen, this Apple gives you the abil­ peripheral. In fact , this set-up is a lot time. But there were a lot of things ity to switch to a different keyboard we liked about this new Apple. It configuration-something called has plenty of memory, it's easy to the Dvorak keyboard . It seems that add on peripherals, and it already the traditional keyboard layout was has an enormous software library. designed in prehistoric times in Also, when the flat screen becomes order to slow down typists, since the available, the Ilc will be usable as a old typewriters couldn't keep up. By portable or a regular home com­ flicking the Dvorak switch and re­ puter. arranging IIc's detachable keys, With these options, the Ilc may you can use a layout that's much turn out to be one of the best buys in faster. Whether anyone will want to a mid- priced home computer. 0 however, remains to be seen. DISPLAY:Another switch on the Ilc SUSANMEYERS is ENTER's westcoast lets you go from 40 - column display editor.DAN LHAMON , 14,is a memberof the to 80 - column (but not while the Dandraws an appleon theApple IIc. ENTERyouth Advisor Board . •

THEARTFUL COMPUTERCONTEST

re you a computer artist at heart? If so, 4. You can design your own program to create here's your chance to prove it-and win artwork, or use any of the following programs: Asome computer software, too. ENTER, AccuShapes, Arcade Machine, ColorPrint, Delta together with The Program Store chain, is Drawing, Geap, Graphic Magician , MicroPainter, offering $1000 in software prizes to the winners Movie Maker, PAINT, PC-Crayon, PM Animator, of our Artful Computer Contest. All you have to Pinball Construction Set, PowerDot or do is submit a sample of your best artwork in Powe rD raw. one of three areas: 5. All artwork becomes the property of ENTER, and neither ENTER nor The Program Store is 1. ANIMATION responsible for lost or damaged entries. 2. STILL SCREEN ART 6. All entries must be received by ENTER by 3. PRINTED ART September 30,1984. Judging will be done by members of The Program Store and the ENTER There will be two winners in each category­ art staff. Winners will be notified by October 30, one chosen from kids 13 and under, the other 1984. from kids 14 to 18. The six top winners will win a Good luck! gift certificate worth $100 in software. If your piece of art is judged the best of all the works we I receive, you'll be our GRAND PRIZE winner­ - THEARTFUL COMPUTER CONTEST and get a certificate worth $500! 1MAIL TO: Artful Computer Contest, ENTER, Even if you're not among the top winners, you I 1l incoln Plaza, New York, NY 10023. may walk away with something . Fifty other prizes ENTRIES MUST BE RECEIVED BY will be awarded, including 20 percent discount I certificates on The Program Store purchases SEPTEMBER 30, 1984. (mail order or in-person), ENTER T-shirts, and I Your Name subscriptions to ENTER . Just fill out the entry form and follow the instructions below. I Address HOWTO ENTER Age:_ 13 or Younger_14 or Older

1. Send in an entry blank with either a printed I Sex: _ Boy _Girl piece of art or a disk containing a loadable artwork program. Type of Art Submitted: _Printed Art 2. Include an explanation of how you created the art. _ Animation _ Still Screen Art 3. You can use any of the following unmodified computers: Adam, Apple, Atari , Commodore Type of Computer Used VIC-20 or.64, IBM PC or PCjr, TRS-80 Color Computer, or Texas Instruments. I Program Used (Programcontinued from previous page) HOURS" ; HOUR 520 C=0:IF X> = 16 THEN 40 INPUT "SET X=X-16:C=1 X=X-16:C=1 MINUTES" ;MIN 530 D=0:IF X> =8 THEN 530 D=0:IF x> =8 THEN 50 INPUT" SET X=X-8:D=1 X=X-8:D=1 SECONDS" ;SEC 540 E=0:IF X> =4 THEN 540 E=0:IF x> =4 THEN 60 CLS X=X-4:E=1 X=X-4:E=1 70 PRINT@70, "BINARY 550 F=0:IF X> =2 THEN 550 F=0:IFX>=2THEN CLOCK" X=X-2:F=1 X=X-2:F=1 80 PRINT@130. "SECONDS" 560 G=0:IF X= 1 THEN G= 1 560 G=0:IF X= 1 THEN G= 1 90 PRINT@162. "MINUTES" 570 PRINT@y'B;C;D;E;F;G 570 PRINT X$ 100 PRINT@194. "HOURS" 580 Y=Y+32 575 REM PRINT TIME 110 PRINT@354. "HOURS 590 RETURN 580 PRINT B;C;D;E;F;G; MINUTES SECONDS" TAB (20)Y$ 120 PT=TIMER ATARI:Use the TRS-80 version. 590 RETURN 130 REM PT = PREVIOUS TIME Delete lines 250 and 260. 140 T=TIMER Add or replace these lines: COMMODORE64: Use the VIC 20 145 REM IF TIMER HAS GONE version, delete line 580 . Replace PAST 65535 15 POKE 752.1 these lines: 150 IF T = 60 THEN 90 ? "DECIMAL" HH:MM:SS";T$ SEC=SEC-60: 95 ?:? "SECONDS" 40 CLS: TIME$ = T$ MIN=MIN+1 100 ?:? "MINUTES" 50 PRINT TAB(12)"CLOCK" 230 IF MIN> = 60 THEN 110 ?:? "HOURS" 70 PRINT TAB (8) "BINARY" ; MIN=MIN-60: 120 PT = PEEK(20) TAB(30) "DECIMAL" HOUR = HOUR + 1 140 T = PEEK(20) 80 T$ = TIME$ 240 IF HOUR> = 24 THEN 150 IF T=32 THEN 30 INPUT" SET X=X-32:B=1 (BASICTraining continues on nextpage)

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER BASICTR AINING

(BASICTraining cant. from previous page) 100 GOSUB 2100 WORDBREAKER 110 GOSUB 2200 1199/4A 120 GOSUB 2300 BASICGLOSSARY: 140 IF TA= 1 THEN 70 This program can be used as a 150 CALL CLEAR PEEKSAND POKES spelling quizzer or as the basis for 160 CALL SCREEN(8) word game. It takes words that 170 NEXT I The BASIC words PEEK and you have entered and displays 180 REM DONE WITH TEST POKE do exactly what they say. them one at a time. After you have 190 PRINT "DO YOU WANT POKE stores a number in your had a chance to study the word TO STUDY?" computer's memory. Its for a few seconds, the program 200 INPUT "THE WORDS syntax, or format, is the word scatters the letters allover the AGAIN YIN": YN$ POKE and two numbers sepa­ screen and challenges you to 210 IFYN$= "Y" THEN 50 rated by a comma. The first spell the word correctly. 220 END number is a location in your com­ "Word Breaker" is a good 1000 FOR 1=1 TO NW puter's memory. The second example of how to use subroutines 1010 PRINT "ENTER WORD"; I number is an integer (whole num­ to solve complex programming 1020 INPUT SP$(I) ber) that you want to store there. problems. 1030 NEXT I You can also use variables or an 1040 RETURN arithmetic expression to represent 2000 REM PRINT WORD the numbers. 2010 LW=LEN (SP$(I») A good example of a POKE is 2020 FORJ=l TO LW this line from this issue's "Wonder 2030 X$ = SEG$(SP$(I),J, 1) Walker" program for the Com­ 2040 X=ASC(X$) modore 64: 20 POKE 53280,12. 2050 CALL HCHAR (11, Here's what it means: Memory lo­ 11 +J,X,l) cation 53280 holds the code for 2060 NEXTJ the color of the screen's border. 2070 RETURN The number 12 is the code for 2100 REM CLEAR NS ARRAY light gray. So, by placing (or 2110 FORK=l TOLW POKEing) the number 12 in loca­ 2120 NS(K) =0 tion 53280, you set the border 2130 NEXTK color to light gray. 2140 RETURN PEEK is the opposite of PQKE. 2200 REM RANDOMIZE It allows you to look (PEEK) at the 2210 FORK=l TOLW contents of a memory location. Its 2220 R=INT(LW*RND)+ 1 syntax is: PEEK followed by a 2225 FL=0 number or variable in paren­ 5 CALL CLEAR 2230 FORL=l TOLW theses. This number or variable 10 CALL SCREEN (8) 2240 IF (NS(L)) = (R) THEN represents {he memory location 20 INPUT" TYPE THE 2245 ELSE 2250 you want to look at. NUMBER OF WORDS 2245 FL=1 Most of the time, you use PEEK TO STUDY. ":NW 2250 NEXTL with other commands. For exam­ 25 OPTION BASE 0 2260 IF FL = 1 THEN 2220 ple, in the Atari version of the 30 DIM SP$ (200) 2270 NS(K)=R "Binary Clock" program, line 140 35 DIMNS (100) 2280 NEXTK is: T=PEEK(20) . Memory loca­ 40 GOSUB 1000 2290 RETURN tion 20 is a timer that changes 50 FORI=l TONW 2300 REM BREAKUP WORD every sixtieth of a second. 60 TA=0 2310 FORM=l TOLW PEEK(20) returns an integer (whole 70 CALL CLEAR 2320 CALL HCHAR number) between 0 and 255. 80 CALL SCREEN(8) 90 GO SUB 2000 (Programcontinues on nextpage)

58 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 ...... ______-uzzz

(Programcontinued from previous page) 2370 CALL HCHAR (YR, INCORRECT" XR,LT,1) 2470 PRINT "TRY AGAIN" (11,11 + NS(M),32, 1) 2380 NEXTM 2480 FORDE=1 TO 700 2330 XR=INT (30*RND) + 1 2410 PRINT "TYPE THE 2485 NEXT DE 2335 IF XR < 3 THEN 2330 WORD THAT YOU" 2490 TA=1 ELSE 2340 2420 INPUT "JUST 2495 GOTO 2530 2340 YR=INT(20*RND) + 1 STUDIED: ":WD$ 2500 PRINT" THAT IS 2345 IF YR = 11 THEN 2340 2440 TA=0 CORRECT" 2350 IF YR < 6 THEN 2340 2450 IF WD$ = SP$(I) THEN 2510 FORDE=1 TO 700 2355 LT$ = SEG$(SP$(I),NS(M), 1) 2500 2520 NEXT DE 2360 LT = ASC(LT$) 2460 PRINT "THAT IS 2530 RETURN -Jeff Nilson

THEGREAT FLOOD: 190 IF Y > 78 THEN Y = 7.8 200 PLOT X, Y: GOTO 90 ATARI 210 REM START FLOOD 220 G = 0:COLOR0 This program creates a flood­ 230 PLOT X,Y:COLOR C but you won't get wet using it. 240 POSITION 2,20 Instead, you can use this program 250 PRINT X,Y,G to "flood," or fill up, an area of your 260 LOCATE X+1,Y+1,N TV screen with color. 270 LOCATE X,Y+1,N1 In the first part of the program, 280 LOCATE X + 1,Y,N2 lines 90 to 200, you use your 285 REM SAVE POINT IF joystick to draw an outline on the appearing two by two, it's time to NECESSARY screen. It can be any size or turn off your Atari. 290 IFN=C ANDN1 =0 AND shape, but it must be a totally N2=0 THENG=G+1: enclosed area. Once you have 10 DIM S(100):X= 80 S(G)=X* 256+Y finished, position the cursor 20 Y=40:C = 2: GRAPHICS 7 295 REM MOVE TO BORDER inside your shape, and hit the 30 COLOR C:PLOT X,Y 300 LOCATE X - 1, Y,N joystick's trigger. Your outline will 40 PLOT0,0 310 IFN=0THEN fill up with color. 50 DRAWTO 159,0 X=X-1:GOTO 240 This is done in lines 210 to 420. 60 DRAWTO 159,79 320 LOCATE X,Y-1,N "Flood " moves up and to the left, 70 DRAWTO 0,79 330 IF N=0 THEN point by point, from where you last 80 DRAWTO 0,0 Y=Y-1:GOTO 240 positioned the cursor (lines 300 85 REM DRAW SHAPE 340 LOCATE X+ 1,Y,N and 320.) When it hits a line, it 90 G = STICK(0) 350 IF N=0 THEN PLOT colors in that point and moves 100 IF STRIG(0) = 0 THEN 210 X,Y:X=X+1: GOTO 240 right or down. It keeps going until 110 IF G= 15 THEN 90 360 LOCATE X,Y+1,N the entire shape is filled in. Then it 120 IF G= 14 OR G= 10 OR 370 IF N = 0 THEN PLOT returns to the first part of the G = 6 THEN Y = Y - 1 X,Y:Y=Y+1: GOTO 240 program and lets you draw a new 130 IFG=130RG=90RG=5 380 PLOTX,Y shape. Line 290 saves the THENY=Y+1 390 IF G = 0 THEN PRINT location of points the program will 140 IF G= 11 ORG= 10 OR "DONE":GOTO 90 need to return to, so it won't "paint G=9THENX=X-1 400 X=INT(S(G)/256) itself into a corner." 150 IFG=70RG=60RG=5 410 Y=S (G)-X*256 Once you 've used "Flood " a THEN X=X+1 420 G=G-1:GOTO 240 little, see if you can improve it by 160 IFX < 1 THEN X=1 -David Lewis allowing you to "flood " in diHerent 170 IF X> 158 THEN X= 158 colors. And if animals start 180 IFY < 1 THENY= 1 (BASICTraining continues on nextpage)

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 59 BASIC7k AINING

(BASICTraining cant. from previous page) They can be any kind of you $50 and an ENTER T-shirt. games-word games, guessing Send your program to : CHAL­ CHALLENGE#6: games, logic games, maze LENGE # 6, ENTER, CTW, 1 LIN­ games or number games. If you COLN PLAZA, NY, NY, 10023 LETTHE can play it on a computer, we'd All entries must be postmarked GAMESBEGIN like to see it. no later than July 31. We read Entries can be for any home every single program that is sent computer, but remember, keep to us, but because of the In case there's anyone who them under 75 lines if you want to hundreds of entries we get, we doesn't know it, the summer see them in ENTER . Also, cannot respond to everyone. Olympic games are being held in remember to include a note telling Also remember that ENTER is Los Angeles this year. So, here at us your name, age, T-shirt size, always looking for a few good ENTER, we decided to stage our the type of computer your programs. If you have one, send it own Olympics. Except these program was written for, and a to BASIC TRAINING at the above games are going to be written by brief description of what it does. If address. If we use it, we will also you, and played on a computer. we pick your program, we'll send send you $50 and an ENTER T-shirt.

90 DATA 2,0,6,0,13,0,45,53, ANSWERSTO 63,55,45,53,0 CHAllENGE#3: 100 DATA 45,45 ,53,54,62,63,63, 36,36,0 MOVINGPICTURES 110 POKE 232,0: POKE 233,3 120 FOR X = 72 TO 204 STEP 4 In Challenge #3, we asked you 130 DRAW 1 AT X,2: NEXT to send us your best computer 140 FOR X = 72 TO 204 STEP 4 animation program. Judging by 150 DRAW 1 AT X,155: NEXT the amount of mail we got, it looks 160 FOR Y = 3 TO 154 STEP 3 like a lot of you are planning to be 170 DRAW 1 AT 72'Y : NEXT the next Walt Disney or Don Bluth. 180 FOR Y = 3 TO 154 STEP 3 So, here are the winners. 190 DRAW 1 AT 204,Y: NEXT Don't forget-there's a new 200 X = 140:Y = 80:L = 1: Challenge every month. N = 1:C = 1:DI = 1 210 ST%(N,0)=X:ST%(N,1)=Y SNAKEPIT: 220 N = N + 1: IF N = 801 THENN = 1 APPLE snake grow. But if you hit a wall or 230 XDRAW 1 AT X,Y:CL = your own tail, you lose. PEEK (234) This program was submitted by 240 XDRAW 1 AT X,Y John Elliot, 13 years old, of Sny­ 10 REM SNAKE 250 IF CL = 0 THEN 610 der, N.Y. We liked this one 15 HOME : HGR 260 IF CL < > 12 THEN PRINT because it was a complete game. 20 HCOLOR= 3 CHR $ (7); The object is to move your 30 ROT= 0: SCALE = 1 270 IF CL < > 12 THEN XC = snake around the screen, using the 40 DIM ST%(800,1) 1: LL = LL + 5: C = C + 5 "A" key to move up, the "Z" key to 50 FOR X = 1 TO 23 280 IF CL < > 12 THEN VTAB move down and the right and left 60 READP 23: HTAB 10 cursor keys to move sideways. 70 POKE 767 + X,P Each square you eat makes your 80 NEXT (Programcontinues on nextpage)

60 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 pz

__ ---- ______~mm~

(Programcontinued from previ ous page) 420 IFK = 136THENDI = 4 550 XDRAW 2 AT XX,YY:CL = 430 IF DI = 1 THEN Y = Y - 3 PEEK (234) 290 IF CL < > 12 THEN PRINT 440 IF DI = 2 THEN X = X + 4 560 XDRAW 2 AT XX,YY "SCORE: ";LL; 450 IF DI = 3 THEN Y = Y + 3 570 IF CL < > 18 THEN 530 300 GOSUB 480 460 IF DI = 4 THEN X = X - 4 580 DRAW 2 AT XX, YY 310 DRAW 1 AT X,Y 470 GOTO 210 590 XC = 50 320 IF C = 0 THEN XDRAW 1 480 IF XC > 1 THEN XC = 600 RETURN AT ST%(L,0),ST%(L,l) XC -1: GOTO 600 610 VTAB 23: HTAB 1: PRINT 330 IF C = 0 THEN L = L + 1 490 IF XC = 1 THEN XDRAW 2 "CRASH" 340 IF L = 801 THEN L = 1 ATXX,YY 620 PRINT "PLAY AGAIN?" ; 350 IF C > 0 THEN C = C - 1 500 XC = 0 630 VTAB (24): HTAB (13) : GET 360 K = PEEK ( - 16384) 510 RR = INT (RND (1) * 10) YN$ 370 IF K < 128 THEN 430 520 IF RR < > 0 THEN 600 640 IF YN$ = "Y" THEN RUN

380 POKE -16384,0 530 XX = INT (RND (1) * 123) 650 1F YN$ = ~'N"THEN TEXT 390 IF K = 193 THEN DI = 1 + 76 : HOME : END 400 IF K = 149 THEN DI = 2 540 YY = INT (RND (1) * 151) 660 GOTO 630 410 IF K = 218 THEN DI = 3 + 3 -John Elliott

100 POKE S+7,120 390 REM TIME DELAY WONDERWALKER: 110 POKE S+8,100 400 FOR T = 1 TO 300 : NEXT COMMODORE64 120 POKE S + 12,15 410 P=P+l 130 POKE S + 13,215 420 IF P > 193 THEN P = 192 The hero of this cartoon is not 140 PRINT "s" 430 NEXT very super. He just walks across 150 V= 53248 440 END the screen with the loudest 160 POKE V + 21,1 450 DATA 0,0,60,0 ,0, footsteps a one-inch man ever 170 REM LOAD WALKER DATA 52,0,0,52,0,0,16,0,0,252,0, made. But this program is a good 180 PRINT TAB (160) 0,236,0,0,236,0,0, example of how to use the sprite · 190 FOR Al = 12288 TO 12350 236,0,0,236,0 chip in the Commodore. Once 200 READ Bl:POKE Al,Bl 460 DATA 0,236,0,0,236,0,0, you've mastered this program, 210 NEXT 152,0,0,168,0,0,168,0,0, which uses two sprites, you can 220 FOR A2 = 12352 TO 12414 40,0,0,40,0,0,40,0 ,0,40,0 move on to more complicated ac­ 230 READ B2:POKE A2,B2 470 DATA 0,40 ,0 ,0 ,63,0,0,63 ,0 tion. Our super walker was 240 NEXT 480 DATA 0,60,0,0 ,52,0,0, submitted by Eric Blake, age 14, 250 POKEV+28,1 52,0,0,16 ,0,0,252,0 ,0, of Atlanta, Georgia. 260 POKE V+37,10 236,0,0,236,0,0,236,0,0, NOTE: The symbol "S" means 270 POKE V + 38,9 233,0,0 hold down the SHIFT key and 280 POKE V + 39,5 490 DATA 233,0,0,252 ,0,0 , press CLR. 290 POKE V+l,168 168,0,0,168,0,0,168 ,0,14, 300 P= 192 168,0,14,168,0,14,168,0 10 REM WALKER 310 FORX=0 TO 347 STEP 8 500 DATA 14,168,0,12,40,0, 20 POKE 53280,12 320 RX=INT(X/256) 12,63,0,0,63,0 30 POKE 53281,15 330 LX=X - RX*256 510 POKE S+4 ,129 40 S= 54272 340 POKE V, LX 520 POKE S + 4,128 50 POKE S+24,15 350 POKE V + 16,RX 530 RETURN 60 POKE S,220 360 IF P=192 THEN GOSUB 510 540 POKE S + 11 ,129 70 POKE S+ 1,68 370 IF P = 193 THEN GOSUB 550 POKE S+11,128 80 POKE S+ 5,15 540 560 RETURN 90 POKE S+6,215 380 POKE 2040 ,P -Eric Blake ~

JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 61 r~~~~~~~1 SESAME STREET ORDER FORM

~ 0 Yes! Please send 1 year (10 issues) of ~ J Sesame Street for only $9.95. . J o I prefer 2 years (20 issues) for only $18.95.

CHILD'S NAME AGE

ADDRESS

CITY STATE ZIP LIST BILLING NAME AND ADDRESS IF DIFFERENT FROM ABOVE.

o BILL ME LATER o PAYMENT ENCLOSED MAIL TO: Sesame Street Magazine P.O. Box 2894, Boulder, CO 80322 Subscriptions to Canada and other countries. add $6.00 per year. Please remit in ...II1II ~~~~~~~~U.S . currency. Allow 6·8 weeks for delivery. 8HPOO II1II r~~~~~~~, THE ELECTRICCOMPANY ORDER FORM

~ 0 Yes! Please send 1 year (10 issues) of ~ J Electric Company for only $9.95 J ~ 0 I prefer 2 years (20 issues) for only $1 8.95

J CHILD'S NAME AGE I ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP I LIST BILLING NAME AND ADDRESS IF DIFFERENT FROM ABOVE.

I 0 BILL ME LATER o PAYMENT ENCLOSED

~ MAIL TO: The Electric Company Magazine ~ J 200 Watt Street, P.O. Box 2922, Boulder, CO 80322 J Subscriptions to Canada and other countries. add $6.00 per year. Please remit In ...II1II ~~~~~~~~U.S. currency. Allow 6·8 weeks for delivery 8HPE7 II1II r~~~~~~~, 3-2-1 CONTACT ORDER FORM

~ 0 Yes! Please send 1 year (10 issues) of ~ J 3-2-1 Contact for only $10.95. J ~ 0 I prefer 2 years (20 issues) for only $19.95. ~

J CHILD'S NAME AGE J I ADDRESS I CITY STATE ZIP I LIST BILLING NAME AND ADDRESS IF DIFFERENT FROM ABOVE . I

I 0 BILL ME LATER 0 PAYMENT ENCLOSED I

~ MAIL TO: 3-2-1 Contact ~ J E = MC Square, P.O. Box 2931, Boulder, CO 80322 J Subscriptions to Canada and other countries, add $6.00 per year. Please remit In II1II~~...-.~~~~~~ U.S. currency. Allow 6·8 weeks for delivery . 8HPFS II1II -

NPUT r------, ENTERPOU#5

e'd like to knowabout your experience with computers , _Other (explain) ______andwhat you thinkof someof thearticles in this Wmonth'sENTER. Your answers help us plan future issues,so please be honest. We 'll sendENTER T-shirts to 50 c. Do you write your own programs?_Yes_No of you,picked at random. What computer language do you use? ______

D. Did you try any of the programs in this month's BASIC Mailyour questionnaire by August15 to : INPUT#5, ENTER Training?_Yes_No. Which ones? _ _ _ Magazine,P.O. Box 777, Ridgefield,N.J. 07657 __ Did you get it to work? _Yes _No I. Tellus aboutyourself: Were the programs in this issue _too easy _just righL- too hard? Name ______E. How many software packages do you buy each AddffiSS ______month? _None _1-3 _4-10 _More than 10

City ______State & Zip ______III. Tellus whatyou think about this issue'sarticles. Grade_Age_Male_Female_ A. Did you read the story on The Last Starfighter? _Yes _No. If yes, what did you think of it? _Liked it _Didn't like it. T-shirt size: Kids L_Adult S_M_L_ _OK Do you plan to see the movie? _Yes _No Wheredid youget this issueof ENTER? B. Did you read our Olympics section? _Yes _No _In the mail_At a computer store_At a If yes, what did you think? _Liked it _OK bookstore or newsstand_Other (explain) ___ _ _Didn't like it. Which story did you like best? ______Why? ______II. We'dlike to knowabout you and computers: Which story did you like least? ______Why? ______A. Does your family own a computer? _Yes . Which kind?_Adam_Apple_Atari c. Did you read the story on museums? If yes, what did _I BM_Commodore 64_VIC-20 you think? _Liked it _OK _Didn 't like it. _Time x/Sinclair_TRS-80 (model?) ___ _ Do you plan on visiting any of the places mentioned in _TI99 /4A_ Other (Please indicate name the article? _Yes _No. If yes, which ones? __ _ and model) ______No, but we plan to buy one in the near future . Which kind? ______D. Last, but not least: In future issues of ENTER, I'd like _ No, we have no plans to buy one. to read about ______

B. What peripherals does your family own? (Check all that apply)_Disk drive_joysticks_Printer _Cassette drive_Modem_ Touch Pad

------~------~ JULY/AUGUST 1984 ENTER 63 COMINGIN OURSEPTEMBER ISSUE:

MOVEOVER, INDIANA JONES: Ed Catmull has arrived in WORDPROCESSING: What is it? What's the best the land of Star Wars and The Search for Spack. He's software at the best price? A complete buyer's guide, pioneering a new age of computer movie-making at with an in-depth chart. the studio that started it all-Lucasfilm . ENTER ventures behind-the-scenes for a look at his secrets­ A NEWKATIE PARKER MYSTERY: Who 's robbing houses including some startling new computer games. and leaving strange gifts behind? Katie, Don and Sherlock-the-Computer try to find out in "The Case of PORTABLEAND POWERFUL: Small is beautiful, but does the Crystal Cat's Lair." it compute? Our expert team of teenage testers put the top portable computers through their paces. An SOFTWARESCANNER: Introducing a new monthly ENTER Buyer's Guide to Portable Computing. department-a regular sweep of new software programs. ENTER rates the MVPs (most valuable HOTCOPIES & YOU:Here 's your side of the story on programs) in music, art, scienc'e, math, spelling, and whether it's OK or wrong to copy software . Our April other areas-and warns you away from the less-than­ 1984 "Hot Copies" gave you the pro and con-now great packages. we'll see where you stand on software piracy. PLUS:Using computers to communicate with

ROCKON THE ROAD: Computers help bring razzle­ animals ...Hot news in "Show Beat," "News B~at"and dazzle exCitement to rock 'n' roll tours. Find out how "Pacesetters" ... "Basic Training " brings you programs The Jacksons, Duran Duran and other hot acts are for your computer, and "User Views" sizes up the taking high-tech on the road . newest computer games.

WINNERS!

The following 50 readers were winners of ENTER The following 50 readers were winners of ENTER T-shirts in our INPUT Poll #2 drawing. T-shirts in our INPUT Poll #3 drawing.

Ronald E. Price, WI; John Griffis, Jr., FL; Joel Tanzi, MA; Brent Halliburton, TX; Mike Schenck, ID; John Lee Phaedra Leffel, AZ; Jeff Gould, IL; Edward Yuh, CA; McDowell, CA; Michael Ryan, NJ; Erica Hunter, CA; Vernard Edwin Brown, NY ; Cheryle Ann Ganal, HI; Justin Nation, MD; Mary Beth Coyne, OH; Kelly Jason Cross, CT; Scott Bouza, MI; Mark Schiavo, MA; Watson, CA; Rich Caley, OH; Seth Gaynes, CT; Annie Patricia Falkenberg, WA; James Ken Butler, Yokosuka, Poage, CA; Scott Elder, MA: Burch Antley, SC; Heather Japan; Robbie Opitz, PA; Rynda Collins, SC; Poppy Marsh, AL; Jeremy Staum, NJ; Jason Markum, IL; Lori Thurman, MO; Angelica Ruiz, NY; Linnea Hitson, IL; Hutcherson, AL; Rachel Roberts, PA; Becky Snoek, Jason Anderson, TN ; Erik Ogan, CT; Chris Adler, VA; MI; Aditi Shah, OH; Melanie King , IN; Jason Donovan, Heather Watson, OH; Donald Dibble, Jr., NY; Joel High, FL; Samantha Stricklin, NY; Michael Dinler, PA; Steve IN; Robby Reynolds, CA; Tammy Schalk, OH; Jennifer Leonard, NJ ; Daniel T. Ferry, OR; Bill Rhodes, PA; Hall , MN ; Dana Lynn Garehime, CA; Joe McClernon, Sonya Stewart, GA; Jeff Casanova, NY; Jim L. MO; Colin Cox, KS; Tonio Grant, NY; Natalie Scholl , Troutman, MA; David Maynard, PA; Pamela Garcia, PA; CO; Jim Transue, ID; David Brooks, NJ; Christopher David Outwater, CA; Jordan Katzen , PA; Mike Scott Green, GA; James Devensey, NM; Adrienne Cunningham, PA; Chris Athanas, MD; Alice Sublett, IN; Burgess, TX; Norman Ahlers, PA; Marci Kanner, NY; Melanie Nickell, OH ; Ruben Rodriguez, NY; Tiffany Jim Burns, NY; Ben Bretz, ID; Terri Thorn, PA; Ricky Russell, IN; Mandy Link, IN; Amanda C. Farr, KS; McKibben, CA; James Wilson, PA; Bryant Kittle, CA; Michelle Kain, NC ; Erica Hyde, IL; Peter Joyce, MO; Joe Burkett, OH ; Ann Struemke, CA; Melissa J. Kris Ganjam, MO; Theodore Striphas, NY; Robin Gregorio, NY; Alan Hodges, MO; Jenny Marasia, TN Coscia, FL; Karla Wick, NJ; Bob Freeman, MA

64 ENTER JULY/AUGUST 1984 Jfyourparents complain that this is what all computergames are doing to YOU. theyobviouslydotit know about Spinnaker. With most computer games the biggest nice little benefit our gameswould still So the next time your parents complain challengeisn't the game. It's keeping your be fantastic. Becausethey've got the kind that computer games are turning you into parents from objecting to it. of built·in.long·lasting excitement and a vegetable.tell them about Spinnaker's Now. Spinnaker has the answer. It's adventure that make great gamesgreat Learning Adventure Series. called the Learning Adventure Series.and You'lI explore. figure. and investigate your Then you can get down to the business it's a whole bunch of great gamesthat will way through all kinds of situations. You offun and games in peaceand quiet challengeand inspire your imagination can bargain with aliens.search a haunted Spinnaker Learning Adventure games are available But com house.even build own for hours. won't inspire hours of · your railroad for Apple.® Atari.'~IBM'"' and Commodore 64 '· home plaining from your parents. empire. And that's a lot more fun than computers. Of course. even if they didn't offer this most gamesthat are "bad" for you. It's New! TRAINS.'N It's New! IN SEARCHOF You're in charge of an old-time railroad - and whether it turns ADVENTURE THE MOST into a bonanza or a bust depends CREATOR.'· AMAZING THING.'· on how well you run it But either Designa challenging adventure It isn't easy to fi nd-even in way you'lI find that working on game that you or a friend can your B-liner. But you'lI have help this railroad is a challenge - and a tackle - or let the computer from your Uncle Smoke Bailey lot of fun! Ages 10·Adult. design one for you. It's complex. as you search the universe to find exciting - utterly addictive! the Most Amazing Thing. Ages 12·Adult. Ages 10-Adult.

Disks for: Apple. Atori. 18M. and Commodore 64. SPIYIYAKER TM Cartridges for: Aton and Commodore 64 - We make learning fun. (ADVENTURECREATOR only) .

Apple. Alan anClIBM are registered trademarkS of Apple Computer. Inc. AtarLlnc. ana International Business MachineCorp . Commodore 54 is a trademark of Commodore Electronics Ltd. (C) 1984. Spinnaker Software Corp. All rights reserved . 1

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