Peru: Juntos Results for Nutrition Project

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Peru: Juntos Results for Nutrition Project PERU Juntos Results for Nutrition Project Report No. 135232 JUNE 7, 2019 © 2019 International Bank for Reconstruction This work is a product of the staff of The World RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS and Development / The World Bank Bank with external contributions. The findings, The material in this work is subject to copyright. 1818 H Street NW interpretations, and conclusions expressed in Because The World Bank encourages Washington DC 20433 this work do not necessarily reflect the views of dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be Telephone: 202-473-1000 The World Bank, its Board of Executive reproduced, in whole or in part, for Internet: www.worldbank.org Directors, or the governments they represent. noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The Any queries on rights and licenses, including World Bank. 2019. Peru—Juntos Results for boundaries, colors, denominations, and other subsidiary rights, should be addressed to Nutrition Project. Independent Evaluation Group, Project Performance Assessment Report information shown on any map in this work do World Bank Publications, The World Bank 135232. Washington, DC: World Bank. not imply any judgment on the part of The Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC World Bank concerning the legal status of any 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: territory or the endorsement or acceptance of [email protected]. such boundaries. Report No.: 135232 PROJECT PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT REPORT PERU JUNTOS RESULTS FOR NUTRITION PROJECT (IBRD LOAN NO. 79610) June 7, 2019 Human Development and Economic Management Independent Evaluation Group Currency Equivalents (annual averages) Currency Unit = nuevo sol (S/.) 2009 $1.00 S/. 3.01 2014 $1.00 S/. 3.18 2010 $1.00 S/. 2.82 2015 $1.00 S/. 3.37 2011 $1.00 S/. 2.75 2016 $1.00 S/. 3.37 2012 $1.00 S/. 2.63 2017 $1.00 S/. 3.26 2013 $1.00 S/. 2.70 Abbreviations CCT conditional cash transfer CRED Control of Growth and Development for Infants and Children in Peru (Control de Crecimiento y Desarrollo) ENCRED Encuesta a Establecimientos de Salud (Health Centers Survey) IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ICR Implementation Completion and Results Report IEG Independent Evaluation Group MEF Ministry of Economy and Finance (Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas) MIDIS Ministry for Development and Social Inclusion (Ministerio de Desarrollo e Inclusión Social) MINSA Ministry of Health (Ministerio de Salud) PAN National Nutrition Program (Programa Articulado de Nutrición) PPAR Project Performance Assessment Report RENIEC National Civil Registry (Registro Nacional de Identidad y Estado Civil) SIGA Integrated Administrative Management System (Sistema Integrado de Gestión Administrativa) SIS Integral Health Insurance Program (Seguro Integral de Salud) SWAp sectorwide approach All dollar amounts are US dollars unless otherwise indicated. Fiscal Year Government: January 1–December 31 Director-General, Independent Evaluation Ms. Alison Evans Acting Director, Human Development and Economic Management Ms. Sophie Sirtaine Acting Manager, Corporate and Human Development Mr. Rasmus Heltberg Task Manager Ms. Ann Elizabeth Flanagan ii Contents Preface .............................................................................................................................................................. viii Summary .............................................................................................................................................................. x 1. Background and Context .......................................................................................................................... 1 Project Context ............................................................................................................................................. 1 2. Objectives and Design ............................................................................................................................... 5 Objectives ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 Relevance of the Objectives ..................................................................................................................... 5 Project Design ............................................................................................................................................... 7 Components ................................................................................................................................................................ 7 Theory of Change ...................................................................................................................................................... 8 3. Implementation ......................................................................................................................................... 10 Project Restructuring ................................................................................................................................ 10 Implementation Arrangements ............................................................................................................. 10 Implementation Experience ..................................................................................................................... 11 Implementation of Monitoring and Evaluation .............................................................................................. 11 Safeguards Compliance ......................................................................................................................................... 12 Financial Management and Procurement ....................................................................................................... 12 4. Achievement of the Objectives ............................................................................................................ 13 Objective 1: Increase Demand for Nutrition Services by Strengthening the Operational Effectiveness of Juntos ............................................................................................................................. 14 Outputs and Intermediate Outcomes ............................................................................................................... 14 Did Demand for Nutrition Services Increase? ................................................................................................ 15 Objective 2: Improve Coverage of the Basic Preventive Health and Nutrition Services In Communities Covered under PAN Including Juntos ...................................................................... 19 Outputs and Intermediate Outcomes ............................................................................................................... 19 Did Coverage of Basic Preventive Health and Nutrition Services Improve?....................................... 20 Objective 3: Improve the Quality of Basic Preventive Health and Nutrition Services in Communities Covered under PAN Including Juntos ...................................................................... 21 Outputs and Intermediate Outcomes ............................................................................................................... 21 Did the Quality of Basic Preventive Health and Nutrition Services Improve? .................................... 22 Why Did Malnutrition Decline? ............................................................................................................ 23 iii 5. Efficiency ...................................................................................................................................................... 24 6. Ratings .......................................................................................................................................................... 27 Outcome ...................................................................................................................................................... 27 Risk to Development Outcome ............................................................................................................ 27 Bank Performance .................................................................................................................................... 28 Quality at Entry ........................................................................................................................................................ 28 Quality of Supervision ........................................................................................................................................... 29 Monitoring and Evaluation .................................................................................................................... 30 Design ......................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Implementation ....................................................................................................................................................... 30 Use................................................................................................................................................................................. 31 Lessons .........................................................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • WHA Global Nutrition Targets 2025: Stunting Policy Brief
    WHA Global Nutrition Targets 2025: 1 Stunting Policy Brief TARGET: 40% reduction in the number of children under-5 who are stunted WHO/Antonio Suarez Weise What’s at stake In 2012, the World Health Assembly Resolution 65.6 endorsed a Comprehensive implementation plan on maternal, infant and young child nutrition1, which specified six global nutrition targets for 20252. This policy brief covers the first target: a 40% reduction in the number of children under-5 who are stunted. The purpose of this policy brief is to increase attention to, investment in, and action for a set of cost-effective interventions and policies that can help Member States and their partners in reducing stunting rates among children aged under 5 years. Childhood stunting is one of the most significant be stunted in 2025. Therefore, further investment impediments to human development, globally and action are necessary to the 2025 WHA target of affecting approximately 162 million children under reducing that number to 100 million. the age of 5 years. Stunting, or being too short for one’s age, is defined as a height that is more than Stunting is a well-established risk marker of poor two standard deviations below the World Health child development. Stunting before the age of 2 years 3 predicts poorer cognitive and educational outcomes Organization (WHO) Child Growth Standards median . 5,6 It is a largely irreversible outcome of inadequate in later childhood and adolescence , and has nutrition and repeated bouts of infection during significant educational and economic consequences the first 1000 days of a child’s life.
    [Show full text]
  • CHILD STUNTING, HIDDEN HUNGER and HUMAN CAPITAL in SOUTH ASIA Implications for Sustainable Development Post 2015 Contributors
    CHILD STUNTING, HIDDEN HUNGER AND HUMAN CAPITAL IN SOUTH ASIA Implications for sustainable development post 2015 Contributors: Aguayo, Victor M.: United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), New York, USA. Corsi, Daniel: Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA.* Harding, Kassandra L.: Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA. Kim, Rockli: Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA. Krishna, Aditi: Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA.* McGovern, Mark E.: Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA.* Mejía-Guevara, Iván: Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA.* Perkins, Jessica M.: Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA.* Rasheed, Rishfa: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) Secretariat, Kathmandu, Nepal. Subramanian, S.V.: Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA. Torlesse, Harriet: UNICEF Regional Office for South Asia (ROSA), Kathmandu, Nepal. Webb, Patrick: Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA. *Contributor’s affiliation at the start of the research and/or when the bulk of the research was conducted The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the policies and views of UNICEF. Permission to copy, disseminate or otherwise use the information in this report is granted as long as appropriate acknowledgement is given. Suggested citation: UNICEF (2018). Child Stunting, Hidden Hunger and Human Capital in South Asia: Implications for Sustainable Development Post 2015. UNICEF: Kathmandu, Nepal. © United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Regional Office for South Asia (ROSA), June 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • WFP Peru Country Brief Highlights
    Highlights Following the national launch of the TV show “Cocina con Causa”, WFP is organizing public avant-premieres of each episode in the locations in which they were filmed. WFP Peru organized the first regional conference on shock-responsive social protection, held in Lima on 30 and 31 October. Delegations of 20 countries from Latin America and the Caribbean, Africa and Asia participated in this important event, with the objective to exchange their experiences in social protection in emergencies. WFP Peru Country Brief WFP’s work in Peru has evolved from a food assistance “Improving the nutritional status Total Total Received Requirements (in USD) of vulnerable populations in (in USD) operation to supporting government priorities through Ventanilla” -REPSOL technical assistance and policy support. Using an TF REPSOL 200956 127,201 565,816 innovative approach to capacity development, the (Apr 16 – Mar 20) (23%) office focuses on two areas: food security and nutrition, and emergency preparedness and response. Building on the reduction of anaemia by 20 percentage points achieved during the 2011-2015 project, this new 2017 is a year of transition for the Peru office. The nutritional education initiative targets a larger country office is currently preparing the five-year geographic area to support government efforts to Country Strategic Plan (CSP) to be presented at the reduce malnutrition by working with female community leaders, parents, teachers and local authorities, as well November Executive Board session. The new portfolio as providing capacity building support for district staff of the office includes the combination of a new and public health and social protection officials in advocacy role for WFP with communications, social mobilization and generation of evidence to a “Zero Ventanilla district, in the outskirts of Lima.
    [Show full text]
  • Peru Annual Country Report 2018 Country Strategic Plan 2018 - 2022 ACR Reading Guidance Table of Contents Summary
    SAVING LIVES CHANGING LIVES Peru Annual Country Report 2018 Country Strategic Plan 2018 - 2022 ACR Reading Guidance Table of contents Summary . 3 Context and Operations . 4 Programme Performance - Resources for Results . 6 Programme Performance . 7 Strategic Outcome 01 . 7 Strategic Outcome 02 . 8 Strategic Outcome 03 . 9 Cross-cutting Results . 12 Progress towards gender equality . 12 La Sangre Llama . 13 Figures and Indicators . 14 Data Notes . 14 Output Indicators . 15 Outcome Indicators . 16 Peru | Annual country report 2018 2 Summary WFP in Peru works with the Peruvian Government to position the fight against Cocina con Causa is an innovative platform which incorporates several anemia, chronic malnutrition and hunger on the public agenda, generate communication strategies to mobilize the entire society for achieving Zero evidence to facilitate the formulation of programs and public policies that Hunger. By creating a television program, now in its second season, a digital address nutrition issues, and strengthen response capacities to disasters to communication strategy, and a Social and Behavior Change Communication ensure that the needs of vulnerable populations are met. This work is carried out strategy (SBCC), we have managed to increase our reach in the promotion of in coordination with the ministries of Health, Development and Social Inclusion, nutritional messages that improve the eating habits of Peruvians. Defense and External Relations in collaboration with donors, NGOs, academia, Through our mobilization strategy, we have been able to communicate WFP's the private sector and other UN agencies. role as facilitator between the Government and other actors to work towards the Among others, WFP has been conducting research with the Ministry of goal of zero hunger by 2030.
    [Show full text]
  • Milk Production in Cañete, Perù: Research on Child Nutrition and Health
    MILK PRODUCTION IN CAÑETE, PERÙ: RESEARCH ON CHILD NUTRITION AND HEALTH By PRISCILLA M. MEDINA A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ART UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2007 1 © 2007 Priscilla M. Medina 2 To my family 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank everyone who has provided support, guidance and encouragement during my time at the University of Florida. I gratefully acknowledge the support of Debbie Geiger and the Southern Scholarship Foundation for their financial support that allowed me to pursue my education at the University of Florida. I thank the University of Florida and the Latin American Studies department for allowing me to complete my bachelor’s degree, master’s degree and this thesis. I am grateful to the members of my supervisory committee and other professors for their guidance during the time of this thesis: Dr. Anita Spring, Dr. Richard Beilock, Dr. Michael Moseley, Dr. Jeffrey Burkhardt and Dr. Jim Stansbury. I express my immense gratitude to the farmers and children of the Santo Domingo community for their willingness to participate in this study. A thank you for Teresa Arata, Chelita Farfan , Gaby Cortez and the nurses of Herby Alto and Imperial for their guidance to conduct this study. A thank you to Dr. Carlos Gomez and all of La Molina Agrarian University for their support and guidance while doing my research in Peru. Thank you to Sabino Julian, Victor Cabrera and Elis H. for their support and guidance about the Canete area. I thank my sister and brother, Susan Medina and Moses Medina, for always making me laugh and their constant support.
    [Show full text]
  • UNICEF, the Peruvian Government, and the Fight to Reduce Undernutrition in Peru
    Feeding the People: UNICEF, the Peruvian government, and the fight to reduce undernutrition in Peru Emily Ruth Krizmanich Undergraduate Honors Thesis Submitted to the Department of International Affairs University of Colorado at Boulder April 5, 2018 Advisor: Dr. Douglas Snyder, Dept. of International Affairs and History, Baker RAP Defense Committee: Dr. Shuang Zhang, Dept. of Economics and International Affairs Dr. Caroline Conzelman, Global Studies RAP Dr. Artemi Romanov, Dept. of German and Slavic Languages and Literatures and Global Studies RAP Krizmanich 2 Abstract Chronic child undernutrition is a concerning health development issue plaguing many countries around the world. In Peru, the fight to reduce child undernutrition has gained international attention due to the involvement of many actors, programs, and policies that have been developed. Many efforts dropped the national rate of undernutrition, which fell from 29.5% in 2004 to 13.1% in 2016 (ENDES, 2016). However, continuous regional disparities in the Andean and Amazonian regions and the rising problem of anemia have stunted further progress to address undernutrition for all children in Peru—not just those living on the coast. This thesis aims to analyze the actors involved such as the Peruvian government, UNICEF, and social programs and the current coordination between actors. In doing so, I aim to fill the gaps within the current research on undernutrition by explaining coordination efforts and problems, differences in programs, and identify the missing links in the system today. Presidents and civil society have played a key role in agenda setting and program and policy creation, especially since 2000. Although program creation and promotion has been on the rise the last two decades, coordination efforts and the lack of responsibility by the government have left the citizens of Peru unsatisfied.
    [Show full text]
  • Promise to Impact Ending Malnutrition by 2030
    FROM PROMISE TO IMPACT ENDING MALNUTRITION BY 2030 2016 The 2016 Global Nutrition Report is an authoritative source of action-oriented nutrition knowledge that transcends politics and guides the SUN Movement in its quest to make nutrition a priority. This report continues to push the bound- aries beyond previous editions—with an optimistic message that when we work together, our collective impact can achieve the changes needed to sustainably transform lives, communities, and the future. Eradicating malnutrition requires perseverance from all of us, and the report gives us our backbone and resolve. It also ensures that we hold each other accountable and learn from each other’s successes and failures. The Global Nutrition Report emphasizes the challenges posed by the multiple forms of malnutrition. It also signals the enormous importance of investing in the critical 1,000-day window so that every girl and boy can lead a happy, healthy, and productive life. Investing in nutrition is our collective legacy for a sustainable world in 2030. TOM ARNOLD AD INTERIM SUN MOVEMENT COORDINATOR GERDA VERBURG FORTHCOMING SUN MOVEMENT COORDINATOR The Global Nutrition Report confirms the urgency of collective action to combat malnutrition’s cascading impact on peo- ple, communities, and whole societies. The simple truth is we cannot secure sustainable development until we address the persistent food and nutrition challenges undermining opportunities for our planet’s poorest and most vulnerable people. Moving from theory to action requires giving specific attention to those people left furthest behind, enduring persistent crisis and the effects of climate change. This report confirms that committing to SMART action is the primary way to achieve change for the people who need it most.
    [Show full text]
  • An Analysis of Malnutrition Programming and Policies in Peru
    An Analysis of Malnutrition Programming and Policies in Peru By Christine Aguiar, Josh Rosenfeld, Beth Stevens, Sup Thanasombat, and Harika Masud Executive Summary This paper presents an analysis of policies to reduce chronic malnutrition in Peru. The causes of malnutrition in Peru are direct, including food insecurity and poverty, and indirect, such as lack of access to markets, transportation, and education; inadequate water and sanitation; cultural practices; and weak governance. There are numerous programs funded by the Peruvian government, international donor agencies, and non- governmental agencies currently in place in Peru to reduce malnutrition. These programs vary in the direct and indirect causes of malnutrition that they target and in their success in reaching their target population and reducing malnutrition rates. Our recommendations to strengthen Peru’s nutrition programs include policies to address malnutrition in the short- term as well as long-term sustainable policies. Our recommendations include: (1) Establishment of a national malnutrition committee; (2) South-South cooperation; (3) Nationwide mandatory nutrition education in schools; (4) Increase funding of the Juntos cash transfer program; (5) providing food supplements with greater support from the health system; (6) Monitoring and evaluation as a component of all nutrition programs; and (7) Establishment of a nationwide comprehensive community- centered program. Paper prepared for the International Economic Development Program The Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy and School of Public Health University of Michigan April, 2007 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary………………………………………………………………..…..Title Page 1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………..pg. 3 2. Chronic Malnutrition in Peru: Causes and Impacts……………….………………....pg. 4-14 2.1. Direct Causes of Malnutrition…………………….…………………………………………………………...…...…pg.
    [Show full text]
  • Drivers of Stunting Reduction in Peru: a Country Case Study
    Drivers of stunting reduction in Peru: a country case study Luis Huicho,1,2,3 Elisa Vidal-Cárdenas,1,2 Nadia Akseer,4,5 Samanpreet Brar,4 Kaitlin Conway,4 Muhammad Islam,4 Elisa Juarez,6 Aviva Rappaport,4 Hana Tasic,4 Tyler Vaivada,4 Jannah Wigle,4,5 and Zulfiqar A Bhutta4,5,7 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/112/Supplement_2/816S/5898918 by guest on 08 October 2020 1Research Center for Integral and Sustainable Development, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru; 2Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru; 3School of Medicine, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru; 4Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; 5Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; 6Center for the Promotion and Defense of Sexual and Reproductive Rights (PROMSEX), Lima, Peru; and 7Center of Excellence in Women and Child Health, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan ABSTRACT Keywords: stunting, linear growth, children, nutrition, exemplar, Background: Peru reduced its under-5 child stunting prevalence Peru, Latin America, mixed methods notably from 31.3% in 2000 to 13.1% in 2016. Objectives: We aimed to study factors and key enablers of child stunting reduction in Peru from 2000–2016. Methods: Demographic and Health Surveys were used to conduct Introduction descriptive analyses [height-for-age z scores (HAZ) means and Many countries made commitments toward achieving the distributions, equity analysis, predicted child growth curves through Millennium Development Goals, and prominent among them polynomial regressions] and advanced regression analyses. An were those aimed at reducing maternal and child mortality and ecological (at department level) multilevel regression analysis was malnutrition (1).
    [Show full text]
  • Peru Annual Country Report 2019 Country Strategic Plan 2018 - 2022 Table of Contents
    SAVING LIVES CHANGING LIVES Peru Annual Country Report 2019 Country Strategic Plan 2018 - 2022 Table of contents Summary 3 Context and Operations 4 CSP financial overview 6 Programme Performance 8 Strategic outcome 01 8 Strategic outcome 02 11 Strategic outcome 03 11 Cross-cutting Results 14 Progress towards gender equality 14 Environment 14 Our Vision and Main Challenges 16 Data Notes 16 Figures and Indicators 18 WFP contribution to SDGs 18 Strategic Outcome and Output Results 19 Peru | Annual Country Report 2019 2 Summary The Country Strategic Plan for Peru represents a significant shift of WFP’s work in the country, moving from the provision of food and technical assistance to enhanced advocacy, partnerships and communications, and a more systematic approach to capacity strengthening. Strategic objective 1: Advocacy, Partnerships and Communications WFP Peru offers an innovative model with the capacity to reach millions of people, breaking with its traditional role and strengthening its relationship with the Government and the beneficiaries through a new role of communications, partnership-building and advocacy. Since 2017, WFP Peru together with the Ministries of Health, Development and Social Inclusion and the Institute of Radio and Television of Peru, designed a television programme called Cocina Con Causa (Cooking with a Cause) aimed at improving household food practices. This programme is aligned with the Peruvian Government’s objectives [1], as well as SDG2 - Zero Hunger by 2030. Cocina con Causa has brought together the support from the Government of Peru, private sector, NGOs, UN agencies, donors and civil society. Following a successful first season, Cocina Con Causa returned with even more episodes during its second season and expanded into a transmedia platform, reaching an even wider audience with messages on healthy eating.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 Global Nutrition Report
    FROM PROMISE TO IMPACT ENDING MALNUTRITION BY 2030 2016 The 2016 Global Nutrition Report is an authoritative source of action-oriented nutrition knowledge that transcends politics and guides the SUN Movement in its quest to make nutrition a priority. This report continues to push the bound- aries beyond previous editions—with an optimistic message that when we work together, our collective impact can achieve the changes needed to sustainably transform lives, communities, and the future. Eradicating malnutrition requires perseverance from all of us, and the report gives us our backbone and resolve. It also ensures that we hold each other accountable and learn from each other’s successes and failures. The Global Nutrition Report emphasizes the challenges posed by the multiple forms of malnutrition. It also signals the enormous importance of investing in the critical 1,000-day window so that every girl and boy can lead a happy, healthy, and productive life. Investing in nutrition is our collective legacy for a sustainable world in 2030. TOM ARNOLD AD INTERIM SUN MOVEMENT COORDINATOR GERDA VERBURG FORTHCOMING SUN MOVEMENT COORDINATOR The Global Nutrition Report confirms the urgency of collective action to combat malnutrition’s cascading impact on peo- ple, communities, and whole societies. The simple truth is we cannot secure sustainable development until we address the persistent food and nutrition challenges undermining opportunities for our planet’s poorest and most vulnerable people. Moving from theory to action requires giving specific attention to those people left furthest behind, enduring persistent crisis and the effects of climate change. This report confirms that committing to SMART action is the primary way to achieve change for the people who need it most.
    [Show full text]
  • Improving Child Nutrition: the Achievable Imperative
    IMPROVING CHILD NUTRITION The achievable imperative for global progress © United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) April 2013 Permission is required to reproduce any part of this publication. Permission will be freely granted to educational or non-profit organizations. Others will be requested to pay a small fee. For permission please contact: Division of Communication, UNICEF Attention: Permissions, H-6F 3 United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017 USA Tel: +1 (212) 326-7434 Email: [email protected] This report and any corrigenda subsequent to printing are available at www.unicef.org/publications/index.html ISBN: 978-92-806-4686-3 eISBN: 978-92-806-4689-4 United Nations Publications Sales No.: E.13.XX.4 Photo credits Cover: © UNICEF/NYHQ2010-3063/Pirozzi Page 1: © UNICEF/INDA2012-00208/Vishwanathan Page 2: © UNICEF/NYHQ2010-3088/Pirozzi Page 3: © UNICEF/NYHQ2010-3087/Pirozzi Page 7: © UNICEF/NYHQ2009-0812/Ramoneda Page 17: © UNICEF/NYHQ2011-0385/Asselin Page 28: © UNICEF/Kyrgyzstan/2009/Gorshkova Page 33: © UNICEF/NYHQ2012-1793/Sokol Page 34: © UNICEF/NYHQ2008-1577/Pirozzi Page 39: © UNICEF/NYHQ2012-0577/Ose Page 40: © UNICEF/NYHQ2008-1373/Pietrasik Page 42: © UNICEF/NYHQ2006-2243/Pirozzi Page 44: © UNICEF/BANA2011-00682/Sujan Page 47: © UNICEF/NYHQ1998-1166/Noorani Page 49: © UNICEF/NYHQ2012-0178/Asselin Page 51: © UNICEF/NYHQ2008-1390/Pietrasik Page 55: © UNICEF/NYHQ2012-0353/Asselin Page 113: © UNICEF/INDA2012-00201/Vishwanathan IMPROVING CHILD NUTRITION The achievable imperative for global progress CONTENTS FOREWORD �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������iii
    [Show full text]