2020 PRESIDENTIAL COMMISSION REVIEW OF RESTRICTED REGISTRY PROPOSAL FROM INTEGRITY COMMITTEE

COMMISSION MEMBERS John Boxell Brad Perkins Peggy Cummings Gavin Pope Cindy Gattis Travis Titlow Linda Gordon John Weaver Ashley Griffin Jerry Wyrick Jamie Howard-Chairman

SITUATION ANALYSIS The APHA Presidential Commission was established to first assess the viability of the Restricted Registry and to create an independent and objective review the Restricted Registry Proposal (Appendix A) against alternatives which might be less costly and more effective in growing the American Paint breed. The commission has spent five meetings and 250-man hours researching the proposal. Representatives of the commission have inquired with various groups such as the Rock Solid World Tour, APHA International Committee and other Paint Horse-related groups and individuals. In addition, commission members inquired with leadership from the Horse Club to understand the impact of solid-horse programs that they’ve implemented over the years.

The Commission reached out to these groups as a way of fulfilling the following charge granted to them by the APHA Board of Directors: • Assess the Breed Integrity Restricted Registry proposal for viability and impact on the entire Paint , including both show and non-show communities. • Assess whether the Breed Integrity Restricted Registry proposal can be implemented economically, if at all. • Assess whether the Breed Integrity Restricted Registry proposal would be best implemented through show regulation rather than breeding regulation. • Assess other ways, if any, of providing opportunities to SPB in APHA events.

COMMISSION ANALYSIS/ RECOMMENDATION

• Assess the Breed Integrity Restricted Registry proposal for viability and impact on the entire Paint Horse breed, including both show and non-show communities. o Considering the APHA show community represents approximately 8% of the entire association and the Breed Integrity Restricted Registry will impact 100% of the association, the commission concludes the complexity of the proposal imposed on the entire membership will cause confusion and frustration in the non-show world which, most likely, will negatively impact APHA (Appendix B). The commission believes that much of the confusion will revolve around the breed-back and multi-generational aspects of the rule, which are not widely understood and will require significant staff and member training to create widespread understanding. The same outcomes of greater opportunity for SPB can be achieved through other and less-complex means proposed by the Commission for consideration by State Directors.

• Assess whether the Breed Integrity Restricted Registry proposal can be implemented economically, if at all. o The commission determined the proposal cannot be implemented economically. After closely analyzing all data available, the commission believes the cost to implement in technology development and employee training to exceed what APHA would generate in new revenue. Another point of confusion is the development of a third registry, the Restricted Registry, which adds another layer of complexity for Paint Horse to understand. o Best estimates from IT professionals familiar with the proposed addition of a new registry would cost a minimum of $40,000-$60,000 in improvements to APHA’s computing system to secure and create the Restricted Registry—automation of full proposal requirements is not feasible in the current system. Even with the additional technology the generational requirements to meet the Restricted Registry requirements would require significant manual intervention, increasing the manpower demands of implementing this registry. Much of the cost of implementation is tied to the fact that a Restricted Registry would impact nearly every portion of the total Paint Horse computing system, including registration, competition and online services, among other areas. o It is also unclear to the commission that the addition of the Restricted Registry would yield enough new registrations to pay for the additional cost of computing technology and staff. A significant percentage of Solid Paint-Bred foals with at least one paint parent fall under the RG-070.E genetics-based entry, further depleting the number of Solid Paint-Bred foals that would even qualify under the Restricted Registry proposal. o In addition, the Restricted Registry proposal reduces the choices available to Paint Horse breeders because the proposal requires the foal owners to exhibit their horse in Regular Registry competition, eliminating their choice to consider entry into SPB classes, further reducing the number of SPB-eligible horses. o The Restricted Registry proposal also deviates from APHA’s commitment to advance genetic color testing, which the commission believes could reduce significantly the color-producing genetics available to maintain color in the breed.

• Assess whether the Breed Integrity Restricted Registry proposal would be best implemented through show regulation rather than breeding regulation. o The Breed Integrity Restricted Registry proposal attempts to address an equity imbalance between Regular Registry and Solid Paint-Bred Horses that is visible in the show pen. The Restricted Registry will unnecessarily impact those who either do not exhibit their Paint Horses in APHA events or those for whom breeding Paint Horses is their only commercial activity. The more logical approach is to adopt rules that permit Solid Paint-Bred horses to exhibit alongside Regular Registry horses without unnecessarily complicating the registration process. Because this existing proposal will significantly complicate the registration process, the commission determined that the issues that the Restricted Registry proposal attempts to address through registration would best be resolved through the development of appropriate show rules.

• Assess other ways, if any, of providing opportunities to SPB horses in APHA events. o The commission strongly recommends the idea of a rule change allowing the Solid Paint- Bred horses with the opportunity to purchase an annual competition license to show in the same classes as the regular-registered APHA horses. This license opportunity would allow all SPB horses the same opportunity to show with Regular Registry horses.

Other findings

• The Commission also strongly urges members, committees, state directors and other interested parties to follow APHA’s established rule-making processes through which rule changes can be properly vetted through the Board of Directors and/or the State Directors. The Commission is concerned that efforts to circumvent the bylaws-based system through the use of social media-cultivated confusion in the industry and left members with an unclear understanding of the details related to the Restricted Registry. • The Commission has assessed other breed associations that do not have color requirement issues and found that they too have declines in show numbers. Statistics have shown that APHA is at a 7.27% decline in show entries and AQHA is at a 13.54% decline in show entries. The Commission strongly believes that this Restricted Registry proposal will have no positive effect on declining show numbers.

Appendix A Text of the Restricted Registry Proposal Submitted By The APHA Breed Integrity Committee

ELIMINATING APHA BREEDING RISK, ENCOURAGING PRODUCTION OF APHA HORSES, AND EXPANDING INVENTORY OF APHA HORSES.

1. Alleviate APHA breeding risk. 2. Incentive breeding of APHA horses. 3. Increase participation at APHA competitions. 4. Monetize underrepresented APHA horses. 5. Proliferate colored horses in future generations. 6. Expand inventory of APHA horses in the registry.

This proposition seeks to create a uniform platform for all APHA horses and reduce the risk of raising and promoting Paint horses, in a manner which addresses the changing equine market, the issues facing APHA breeders, and the entire lifecycle of APHA horses, ideally serving as a permanent solution to the issues that ail the Association.

It is important to recognize the primary target audience for this proposal: breeders of American Paint Horses. This group is assuming immense risk in endeavoring to produce horses that may be relegated to showing in underrepresented Solid Paint-Bred (“SPB”) classes at APHA- sanctioned events, or open shows. These horses (referred to herein, for simplicity, as “Solids”), if given an opportunity to compete at a high level, could enjoy tremendous success. Such success would, in turn, increase the value of such Solids and encourage the horse owner to consider breeding his or her Solid.

Pursuant to this proposal, all Paint horses will be given an opportunity to compete together. Horses with qualifying white will, as usual, receive Regular papers, while solid horses will be granted Restricted papers, provided such horses’ pedigree contains an APHA registered horse in two or more generations of ancestry. For purposes of clarity all horses qualifying for APHA registry will continue to do so, no change nor restrictions is being proposed to limit or eliminate any existing conduit into the APHA registry.

The impetus for this rule was to grant Restricted registry status only to those horses who have no other viable avenue, the single-registry Solid. After much deliberation and consideration, however, it was determined that Restricted registry should encompass also those solid AQHA horses, eligible for APHA registration, provided such horses are the result of a multiple- generational attempt to raise APHA-qualifying horses.

The greatest majority of Solids addressed by this proposal are presently afforded very few competitive avenues because APHA SPB classes have proved to be futile due to low participation and most of these Solids are not eligible for registry in the AQHA, which would otherwise help to maintain the value of these Solids, regardless of APHA privileges.

Allowing Solids inclusive showing privileges is a progressive transition for the APHA, one that has been contemplated for many years. The motivation for allowing solid APHA horses to show with Regular registry horses is, at this point, undeniable; the APHA and Solid horses are in an untenable predicament. Registration and breeding activity have been on a steady decline over the past decade resulting a contraction of inventory of marketable horses. Further, participation at APHA events is deteriorating to unsustainable levels, resulting in financial frustration for horse trainers, APHA-affiliate clubs and organizations, and horse shows. All of the foregoing has resulted in the decline of the APHA as a whole. Taking no action is the equivalent of failing the APHA; if we make modest advancements, it can be argued that we are, similarly, failing the APHA.

It is crucial that we choose a path forward that positively impacts the APHA, breeders, horse trainers, horses shows, and participants. Failing to consider all facets is insufficient. While the gravity of this proposition is not to be underestimated, one must recognize that this is not merely a “ participation issue.” This cannot be cured by solely attempting to increase participation at horse shows, to the exclusion of other aspects.

The following are the foundational pillars of this proposal.

1. Creating a market for ALL APHA horses. The APHA can and should provide a level playing field for every single one of its breeders and horses, including Solid horses. Horses that prove to have little value because of SPB status, will be permitted to participate in APHA competition, just as Regular Registry horses, provided such horses are the result of at least one APHA parent in at least two generations of ancestral pedigree. The idea is to target the Solids that are not eligible to compete in primary APHA competition and are not eligible for registry with the AQHA, leaving few alternatives to substantiate the value of such Solids, thereby eliminating the APHA horse with insignificant value based purely on registration status. Additionally, because some horses that do qualify for AQHA registration regularly produce APHA qualifying foals, such horse will also potentially qualify. 2. Eliminating fear of breeding and promoting APHA horses. Our members will return to breeding and raising Paint horses. A , raising APHA horses, will be able to breed with confidence. Many of our breeders report that solid foals are sold for very little value or donated. Many are not even registered or later on not transferred which has a significant economic impact to the Association. Our breeders will now be able to focus on raising a high-quality individual. Additionally, because Restricted horses will be bred to Regular registry APHA horses in the future, not only will APHA and mare owners experience higher participation from breeders, but color will naturally manifest and proliferate due to the high volume of color lineage being bred into our future generations. 3. Supporting the Paint stallion owners. According to the proposal, a Restricted horse can only be bred to a Regular registry APHA horse in order to qualify the resulting foal for Regular or Restricted registry. This will have a tremendous impact on the APHA stallion and mare owners as any Restricted Registry mare owner must choose an APHA registered stallion on whom to cross such mare and vice versa for Restricted registry stallion owners. By creating the Restricted Registry, we are creating an entirely new class of horses that will eventually enter our breeding pool. These horses will be given the chance to compete and, subsequently, owners will consider breeding these horses to one of the outstanding APHA or mares that our breed has to offer. 4. Increasing color production. Restricted horses must be bred to Regular registry APHA horse, which will, in turn, increase color production in the future as a result of continuing to reproduce horses carrying multiple generations of color in their pedigree and heritage. 5. Immediate and long-term increase in APHA participation. With our membership excited about raising Paint horses again and additional horses eligible to show, the APHA will see an immediate boost in participation. This can be expected to be sustained over a long-term horizon as well as a result of the permanent increase in the inventory of horses. The APHA can use this change to broaden participation and involvement across the breed. 6. Continued inclusivity. No change is being proposed to the existing registration qualifications; this proposal is merely an addition. Every avenue presently available to register horses with the APHA will continue. 7. Ease of registration/upgrade. Because these future Restricted horses are already reflected on a past APHA breeder's report, upgrading these horses to Restricted Registry will be done with ease by our reliable and highly competent APHA staff. Regulating this rule change will be seamless as all horses who qualify will be the result of an APHA sire or dam. 8. RG-070. COLOR REQUIREMENTS Intent / Justification: Increase APHA participation and breeding.

While not limiting any existing aspect of this rule, the addition of RG-070.J seeks to provide an inclusive approach to registering solid APHA horses. The rule alleviates the risk of breeding Paint horses (a risk that many would argue has become unbearable considering the current economic and equestrian environment) but does so by providing relief specifically to those solid APHA horses with multiple generations of APHA bloodlines.

The prospect of raising APHA horses with limited competitive opportunities has devastated the pool of APHA breeders. In prior decades, solid horses have dwelt in various markets that helped to maintain the value of solid horses; such markets have disappeared. 070.J provides direct support to the owners of solid horses that lack worthwhile competition opportunities and, thus, are greatly devalued. Further, in concert with the related amendment to RG-020, 070.J holistically considers not just the performance career of solid APHA horses but, rather, encourages breeding to APHA registered stallions and incentivizes APHA mare owners to breed by eliminating the risk that doing so could produce a foal with insignificant value.

Rather than merely granting competition privileges to such solid horses, this rule addresses breeders seeking, specifically, to raise APHA horses and directly targets APHA stallion and mare owners. Further, by requiring that the newly minted Restricted registry horses, who carry APHA bloodlines, be bred to an APHA stallion or mare, we are proliferating the prevalence of color that will be displayed in future generations of APHA foals.

In the aggregate, 070.J, and the amendments to RG-020, improve the outlook for APHA horses, breeders, trainers, owners, regional clubs, horse show staff, and, most importantly, the APHA as a whole by vastly increasing the inventory of registered horses and providing new possibilities for APHA horses.

RG-070. Color Requirements. A. A horse meeting bloodline requirements outlined in Rule RG-015. must have a definite “natural Paint marking”. B. For the purpose of this rule, the term “natural Paint marking” shall mean a predominant hair coat color with at least one contrasting area of solid white hair of the required size with some underlying unpigmented skin present on the horse at the time of its birth. This solid white area must be in the prescribed zone depicted in the illustration below. In the event the horse has a predominantly white hair coat, the term “natural Paint marking” shall mean at least one contrasting area of the required size of colored hair with some underlying pigmented skin present on 58 the horse at the time of its birth. This colored area must be in the prescribed zone depicted in the illustration below. C. The “natural Paint marking” as described in B above must extend more than two inches (2") and be in the prescribed zone depicted in the illustration below.

D. The “natural Paint markings” on a horse with both parents registered as described in Rule RG-015. may be anywhere on the horse’s body or legs as described below: 1. Behind reference point 1. Reference point 1 runs from the base of the ear forward horizontally to the base of the other ear, from the base of the ear to the outside corner of the eye, continuing to the corner of the mouth, then from the corner of the mouth, under the chin, to the other corner of the mouth; or 2. Above Reference point 2. A level line around the leg at the center of the knee. (The center of the knee is determined by using the bony protrusions on the back of the knee as the starting point and drawing a level line horizontally around the knee). 3. Above Reference point 3. A level line around the leg at the point of the hock. (This hock line is determined, starting at the point of the hock and drawing a line horizontally around the hock). 4. The “natural Paint marking” need not be visible from a advisory position. 5. Non-qualifying areas include but are not limited to the following locations: a. Eyeballs; b. Lips of vulva; c. Shaft of penis; d. Inner sheath not visible without physical manipulation of the area. E. If a horse with two APHA registered parents does not exhibit a natural Paint marking (as described in B-C above), or if eligibility can’t be determined based on photographs, Regular Registry status will be granted if the horse possesses one Paint trait (see H. below) and APHA approved genetic testing confirms that the horse carries at least one Paint pattern gene. F. Horses that carry the tobiano gene (confirmed through DNA genetic testing at an APHA- approved lab) must have at least one APHA registered parent and one Paint trait (as noted in H. below). G. To be eligible for registration in the Regular Registry, a horse must possess one additional Paint Horse trait (see RG-070.H.) that need not be visible from a advisory position if the “natural Paint marking”: 1. Occurs in an extension of a high stocking beyond reference point 2 or reference point 3. The “natural Paint marking” must extend above the reference line by more than 2 inches (either horizontal or vertically), be one solid white area and have some underlying unpigmented skin. 2. Occurs in an extension of a face marking beyond reference point 1 (either horizontally or vertically). The “natural Paint marking” must extend behind Reference point 1 by more than 2 inches, be one solid white area and have some underlying unpigmented skin. H. Additional Paint Horse traits for the purposes of this registration rule are listed below. These traits alone do not qualify a horse for the Regular Registry. 1. White leg markings extending above the knees and/or hocks; 2. Glass, blue or watch eye(s); 3. Apron face or bald face, described as outside a line from the inside corner of the eye to the inside corner of the nostril; 4. White on the jaw or lower lip; 5. Blue zone around a “natural Paint marking” 6. Two color mane, one color being natural white; 7. Dark spots or freckles in white hair on the face or legs; 8. White areas in the non-visible zone, excluding the head, completely surrounded by a contrasting color; 9. A contrasting area of another color in the non-visible zone, including the head, on a predominantly . 10. When at least one of two (2) Paint parents is a tobiano or tovero, traits for consideration may also include white legs below the knees and hocks, two colors in the mane or tail (one color being natural white), ink spots/paw prints, and/or coronet spots. I. Any horse registered in the Regular Registry which has marginal coat color which may not be easily observable or who has qualified under RG070.E. or F. shall have noted in the “remarks” section of their registration certificate the location of the qualifying area. If inspected, the date of inspection shall be noted. J. If a horse does not qualify for Regular Registry based on the foregoing provisions of RG- 070, Restricted Registry status will be granted, provided the horse meets the requirements outlined in RG-020B.

ADDITION OF RG-020.B.

Intent / Justification:

While not limiting any existing aspect of this rule, the addition of RG-070.J seeks to provide an inclusive approach to registering solid APHA horses. The rule alleviates the risk of breeding Paint horses (a risk that many would argue has become unbearable considering the current economic and equestrian environment) but does so by providing relief specifically those solid APHA horses with multiple generations of APHA bloodlines.

The prospect of raising APHA horses with limited competitive opportunities has devastated the pool of APHA breeders. In the prior decades, solid horses have dwelt in various markets that helped to maintain the value of solid horses; such markets have disappeared. 070.J provides direct support to the owners of solid horses that lack worthwhile competition opportunities and, thus, are greatly devalued.

Further, cooperatively with the related amendment to RG-020, 070.J that encompasses not just the performance career of solid APHA horses but, also, encourages breeding to APHA registered stallions and incentivizes APHA mare owners to breed by eliminating the risk that doing so could produce a foal with insignificant value.

Rather than merely granting competition privileges to such solid horses, this rule addresses breeders seeking, specifically, to raise APHA horses and directly targets APHA stallion and mare owners. Further, by requiring that the newly minted Restricted registry horses, necessarily and undeniably carrying APHA bloodlines, be bred to an APHA stallion or mare, we are proliferating the prevalence of color displayed in future generations of APHA foals.

In the aggregate, 070.J and the amendments to RG-020, improve the outlook for APHA horses, breeders, trainers, owners, regional clubs, horse show staff, and, most importantly, the APHA as a whole by vastly increasing the inventory of registered horses and providing new possibilities for APHA horses.

RG-020. The Registries A. REGULAR REGISTRY. 1. All horses registered in the Regular Registry will be identified by a permanent registration number. The Regular Registry shall include: a. All Paint stallions, mares and geldings which meet the requirements of rule RG-015 and the requirement of RG-070.A-H. b. All horses resulting from the breeding of two Quarter Horses or a Quarter Horse and a or two having met the requirements of RG-070.A-H. must be parentage verified using DNA genetic testing, and must provide DNA Coat Color Testing results (through an APHA approved laboratory) to be noted in the remarks section of the registration papers, prior to registration in the Regular Registry. 1. If the horse being registered is a descendant of the AQHA stallion, Impressive, HYPP testing may be required prior to registration. Exception: If the parent that is a descendant of Impressive has been genetically tested (HYPP N/N), to prove that he/she does not carry the condition, testing will not be required. Any horse testing homozygous positive for HYPP (H/H) will not be eligible for registration with APHA. B. RESTRICTED REGISTRY. 1. The Restricted Registry is provided to record the pedigree of all stallions, mares, and geldings not meeting the color requirements for Regular Registry, pursuant to RG 070.A.–H., but are the result of an APHA-registered sire or dam, provided such horse’s pedigree contains at least one APHA-registered ancestor in two or more generations. 2. Restricted registration papers will be issued if such horse meets the following requirements: a. Registration application submitted; b. The burden of proving a horse’s entitlement to Restricted Registry rests solely with the applicant. c. The decision of the APHA regarding the eligibility of all Restricted Registry applicant horses is final, however, the owner of a horse shall have the right to appeal in accordance with established registration appeal procedures. d. The APHA reserves the right to suspend, revoke, or correct any Certificate of Restricted Registration. e. Horses failing to qualify for Restricted Registration may be eligible for Breeding Stock Registration. 3. Horses registered in the Restricted Registry shall be eligible to participate in APHA-approved events, in the same manner as Regular Registry horses. 4. In order to register the progeny of a Restricted Registry horse with the APHA, in either of the Restricted Registry, such Restricted Registry horse must be bred to a Regular Registry horse. In the event a Restricted Registry horse is bred to a non- Regular Registry horse, the resulting progeny is ineligible for the Restricted Registry, but will be eligible for registration in the APHA Breeding Stock Registry, or Regular Registry, provided such progeny qualifies under RG-070 A.– H. 5. For horses born in 2022 and thereafter, the horse must have a Regular Registry sire or dam, as well as, at least, one APHA registered horse in two or more generations, to be eligible for the Restricted Registry; Solid horses born in 2022 and thereafter not meeting that requirement will be registered in the Solid Paint Bred Registry. C. SOLID PAINT BRED REGISTRY. 1. The Solid Paint Bred Registry is provided to record the pedigree of all stallions and mares and geldings not meeting the requirements (RG070) of the Regular Registry or Restricted Registry and shall, thus, be listed in the regular Stud Book of the Association as Solid Paint Bred Horses. a. Resultant solid color foals from two registered Paint Horses. b. Resultant solid color foals from a Paint Horse registered in the Association and a Quarter Horse registered in the Association or a Thoroughbred registered in the Jockey Club or any international Thoroughbred Registry recognized by the Jockey Club. c. All horses registered prior to January 1, 2006 resulting from the breeding of two Quarter Horses or a Quarter Horse and a Thoroughbred or two Thoroughbreds that are ineligible for registration with their respective will remain classified as Breeding Stock/Identification Status. 2. Horses registered in the Solid Paint-Bred Registry are restricted from competition with Regular Registry horses and do not have the same privileges as horses registered in the Regular Registry. See Rules SC-165. and RA- 000.D. for restrictions. d. For horses born in 2022 and thereafter, the horse must have a Regular Registry sire or dam, as well as, at least, one APHA registered horse in two or more generations, to be eligible for the Restricted Registry; Solid horses born in 2022 and thereafter not meeting that requirement will be registered in the Solid Paint Bred Registry. RG-075. STATUS CHANGE

If a horse is placed in the Solid Paint-Bred, Breeding Stock, or Restricted Registry and a potential qualifying area is later discovered, which the owner feels may qualify the horse for the Regular Registry (see Rule RG-070.), the following items must be submitted:

1. The existing Solid Paint-Bred, Breeding Stock, or Restricted registration certificate; 2. Good, clear color pictures which clearly show the area which might qualify the horse for registration in the Regular Registry. Such pictures should include a certificate photo, a close-up of the potential qualifying area(s) which clearly shows the size of the areas(s) in question and which shows the extent of the underlying unpigmented skin. 3. A signed unpigmented skin statement available upon request from APHA, certifying that the spot which would qualify the horse for the Regular Registry is a “natural Paint marking” with some underlying unpigmented skin that was present on the horse at the time of birth; and, 4. The status change fee (see fee schedule at front of the rule book). If it is decided that the horse does not qualify for the Regular Registry, the status change fee (less an office processing fee) will be refunded. If accepted into the Regular Registry, a new certificate will be issued. 5. A photograph suitable for use on the new registration certificate. Photo should be a direct side view (preferably the side with the Paint qualifying area visible). Maximum size of photos preferred is not to exceed 4 x 6 inches. Do not trim the photos. 6. See Rule RG-050.C.

The following are conservative projections based on the historical values provided: Total SPB w/ at Number of Value of Issuing Reg. least 1 Horses Likely Restricted Papers Year APHA Parent to Advance ($75/horse*) 2009 8407 841 63,075 Assumes 10% advancement. 2010 6438 644 48,300 10% 2011 5674 1,135 85,125 Assumes 20% advancement. 2012 4631 926 69,450 20% 2013 4941 988 74,100 20% 2014 4295 859 64,425 20% 2015 4096 819 61,425 20% 2016 4071 1,628 122,100 Assumes 40% advancement. 2017 4009 1,604 120,300 40% 2018 3910 1,564 117,300 40% 2019 3796 1,518 113,850 40% 2020 687 275 20,625 40% 12,801 $960,075 Restricted Registry Horses *Per Status Change Fee– RG-075

Appendix B APHA Staff Analysis of Restricted Registry Rule Change Proposal

DEVELOPMENT OF A RESTRICTED REGISTRY FOR SOLID APHA HORSES

SITUATION ANALYSIS The Small Breeder Task Force and the Breed Integrity Committee reviewed a proposal that would create a Restricted Registry that would allow Solid Paint-Bred Registry horses—who do not meet the requirements for Regular Registry themselves, either via qualifying white markings or RG-070.E. advancement—to be allowed to compete equally with Regular Registry horses if they have sufficient documented “Paint-Bred” lineage (an APHA-registered horse in two or more generations and, beginning in 2022, a Regular Registry sire or dam). It includes a breeding restriction for such Restricted Registry Horses—requiring them to be bred to a Regular Registry Paint—in order for their future solid offspring to be eligible for participation in the Restricted Registry as well.

The rule specifics, including all changes and related rules, are outlined at the bottom of this document.

RECOMMENDATION Both the Small Breeder Task Force and the Breed Integrity Committee recommend that the Board of Directors approve this rule change under emergency action.

JUSTIFICATION This proposal seeks to primarily influence a target audience of Paint breeders. This group assumes economic risk in producing horses, especially with the inherit value of Regular Registry vs. Solid Paint- Bred Registry Horses. This proposal seeks to mitigate that risk by giving solid Paints—who are the product of a valiant attempt to produce a Paint Horse—an opportunity to compete alongside Regular Registry horses, generating greater potential for success and greater implied value, which could in turn encourage the horse to consider breeding that solid horse in the future.

This rule would develop the Restricted Registry for that purpose; it does not affect how horses qualify for the Regular Registry (through either qualifying white markings or Paint trait/genetics), and the existing Solid Paint-Bred Registry remains intact for horses not meeting the requirements for Regular or Restricted registration. There will still be horses who are solid and cannot advance to Regular or Restricted based on pedigree limitations.

This rule is designed to benefit the single-registry Solid Paint, but is not limited based on dual- registration eligibility with another organization, since that is impossible to police by APHA staff.

A Restricted Registry horse must be bred to a Regular Registry APHA horse in order for its solid offspring to also be eligible for Restricted Registry participation, should that solid foal not be eligible for advancement to the Regular Registry through RG-070.E. If the Restricted Registry horse is bred to a Solid Registry APHA, a Restricted Registry APHA, a Quarter Horse or a Thoroughbred, the resulting solid foal will be registered in the Solid Paint-Bred Registry if it doesn’t otherwise qualify for the Regular Registry.

This rule: • Helps alleviate APHA breeding risk and encourages confidence in breeding Paints • Encourages registration, transfers and continued use of solid paints • Helps incentivizes breeding of APHA horses • Helps increase participation in APHA, both competitions and other association participation • Helps improve the value of solid Paints • Helps proliferate colored horses in future generations • Helps expand the inventory of available APHA horses

This rule would allow for reclassification via a status change (and an associated fee is recommended) for horses already registered in the Solid Paint-Bred Registry. It would also become an option for new foal registrations—stipulating that eligible horses will automatically be registered therein if they meet the Restricted Registry requirements and are solid colored. There is a stipulation that horses born in 2022 and thereafter will be required to have a Regular Registry sire or dam, as well as at least one APHA- registered horse in two or more generations, to be eligible for the Restricted Registry.

Restricted Registry horses will compete for all titles/awards alongside their Regular Registry counterparts, including year-end awards in the “regular” divisions. The Stakes Race rule for racehorses in RA-000.D remains in effect as currently written.

STAFF COMMENTS (JH and JC, liaisons to the above referenced advisory committees) • Staff is concerned about this proposal, both in terms of implementation, communication and long-term effects. - Development of a third registry is complicated, expensive, time-intensive and difficult to explain to members. • Even with the required IT programing to identify Restricted Registry horses by a prefix at the front of their registration numbers, confirming a horse meets the requirements for Restricted Registry requires significant hand-checking by staff on multiple areas of our registration database, compounding the staff time involved in registering a horse and with the potential for human error • The proposed estimate by IT of at least 200 hours and $40,000-$60,000 in funds is a LOW estimate, as the modifications to put this rule into effect touch nearly all aspects of APHA’s computer programing system, including registration, showing, online, and more. • Data provided by the proposers indicated the potential number of horses that might take advantage of this rule, but it seems flawed to staff — the totals per year were based on an IT query of existing Solid Paint-Bred Registry horses with at least 1 Paint parent. It fails to take into account how many might qualify for or ultimately advance to the Regular Registry through the existing RG-070.E genetics-based rule. It’s too early to develop statistical estimates about the number that will qualify, but even if you estimate 50% of those solid Paints have a qualifying pattern gene (and assume they have the traits to go along with that, as most seem to), the numbers are far lower than estimated by the originators. Also, Rule RG-050 indicates that a status fee change is only assessed for horses seeking a status change 12 months or more after date of registration. See next point for additional concerns: • This rule will require APHA to register applicable horses into the Restricted Registry at time of registration, meaning that owner does not have the choice of whether to show in Solid Paint- Bred events or in conjunction with Regular Registry classes. This is a lack of choice on part of the horse owner and will also eliminate any potential for status change fees to be collected as the horse ages and the owner decides to seek advancement/opportunity. • This rule circumvents the need/pursuit of DNA genetic testing for Paint pattern genes, through rules like RG-070.E. Staff is concerned that people will forego the DNA genetic testing to see if their horse is eligible for Regular Registry advancement through RG-070.E. and instead opt for this potentially lower cost alternative, which could negatively impact the Paint pattern genes in our breed’s future generations and, thus, concentration of genes with color-producing potential.

RULE CHANGE: ADDITION OF RG-020.B. RESTRICTED REGISTRY (and related reordering of that rule text)

RG-020. The Registries A. REGULAR REGISTRY. 1. All horses registered in the Regular Registry will be identified by a permanent registration number. The Regular Registry shall include: a. All Paint stallions, mares and geldings which meet the requirements of rule RG-015 and the requirement of RG-070.A-H. b. All horses resulting from the breeding of two Quarter Horses or a Quarter Horse and a Thoroughbred or two Thoroughbreds having met the requirements of RG-070.A-H. must be parentage verified using DNA genetic testing, and must provide DNA Coat Color Testing results (through an APHA approved laboratory) to be noted in the remarks section of the registration papers, prior to registration in the Regular Registry. 1. If the horse being registered is a descendant of the AQHA stallion, Impressive, HYPP testing may be required prior to registration. Exception: If the parent that is a descendant of Impressive has been genetically tested (HYPP N/N), to prove that he/she does not carry the condition, testing will not be required. Any horse testing homozygous positive for HYPP (H/H) will not be eligible for registration with APHA.

B. RESTRICTED REGISTRY. 1. The Restricted Registry is provided to record the pedigree of all stallions, mares, and geldings not meeting the color requirements for Regular Registry, pursuant to RG 070.A.–H., but are the result of an APHA-registered sire or dam, provided such horse’s pedigree contains at least one APHA-registered ancestor in two or more generations. 2. Restricted registration papers will be issued if such horse meets the following requirements: a. Registration application submitted; b. The burden of proving a horse’s entitlement to Restricted Registry rests solely with the applicant. c. The decision of the APHA regarding the eligibility of all Restricted Registry applicant horses is final, however, the owner of a horse shall have the right to appeal in accordance with established registration appeal procedures. d. The APHA reserves the right to suspend, revoke, or correct any Certificate of Restricted Registration. e. Horses failing to qualify for Restricted Registration may be eligible for Breeding Stock Registration. 3. Horses registered in the Restricted Registry shall be eligible to participate in APHA-approved events, in the same manner as Regular Registry horses. 4. In order to register the progeny of a Restricted Registry horse with the APHA, in either of the Restricted Registry, such Restricted Registry horse must be bred to a Regular Registry horse. In the event a Restricted Registry horse is bred to a non-Regular Registry horse, the resulting progeny is ineligible for the Restricted Registry, but will be eligible for registration in the APHA Breeding Stock Registry, or Regular Registry, provided such progeny qualifies under RG-070 A.– H. 5. For horses born in 2022 and thereafter, the horse must have a Regular Registry sire or dam, as well as, at least, one APHA registered horse in two or more generations, to be eligible for the Restricted Registry; Solid horses born in 2022 and thereafter not meeting that requirement will be registered in the Solid Paint Bred Registry. B. SOLID PAINT BRED REGISTRY. 1. The Solid Paint Bred Registry is provided to record the pedigree of all stallions and mares and geldings not meeting the requirements (RG070) of the Regular Registry or Restricted Registry and shall, thus, be listed in the regular Stud Book of the Association as Solid Paint Bred Horses. a. Resultant solid color foals from two registered Paint Horses. b. Resultant solid color foals from a Paint Horse registered in the American Paint Horse Association and a Quarter Horse registered in the American Quarter Horse Association or a Thoroughbred registered in the Jockey Club or any international Thoroughbred Registry recognized by the Jockey Club. c. All horses registered prior to January 1, 2006 resulting from the breeding of two Quarter Horses or a Quarter Horse and a Thoroughbred or two Thoroughbreds that are ineligible for registration with their respective breed registry will remain classified as Breeding Stock/Identification Status. 2. Horses registered in the Solid Paint-Bred Registry are restricted from competition with Regular Registry horses and do not have the same privileges as horses registered in the Regular Registry. See Rules SC-165. and RA-000.D. for restrictions. 2. For horses born in 2022 and thereafter, the horse must have a Regular Registry sire or dam, as well as, at least, one APHA registered horse in two or more generations, to be eligible for the Restricted Registry; Solid horses born in 2022 and thereafter not meeting that requirement will be registered in the Solid Paint Bred Registry.

RELATED RULES:

- RG-070 — addition of J. J. If a horse does not qualify for Regular Registry based on the foregoing provisions of RG- 070, Restricted Registry status will be granted, provided the horse meets the requirements outlined in RG-020B.

- RG-075 — modification to include Restricted Registry reference RG-075. Status Change If a horse is placed in the Solid Paint-Bred or Restricted Registry and a potential qualifying area is later discovered, which the owner feels may qualify the horse for the Regular Registry (see Rule RG-070.), the following items must be submitted:

1. The existing Solid Paint-Bred or Restricted registration certificate; 2. Good, clear color pictures which clearly show the area which might qualify the horse for registration in the Regular Registry. Such pictures should include a certificate photo, a close-up of the potential qualifying area(s) which clearly shows the size of the areas(s) in question and which shows the extent of the underlying unpigmented skin. 3. A signed unpigmented skin statement available upon request from APHA, certifying that the spot which would qualify the horse for the Regular Registry is a “natural Paint marking” with some underlying unpigmented skin that was present on the horse at the time of birth; and, 4. The status change fee (see fee schedule at front of the rule book). If it is decided that the horse does not qualify for the Regular Registry, the status change fee (less an office processing fee) will be refunded. If accepted into the Regular Registry, a new certificate will be issued. 5. A photograph suitable for use on the new registration certificate. Photo should be a direct side view (preferably the side with the Paint qualifying area visible). Maximum size of photos preferred is not to exceed 4 x 6 inches. Do not trim the photos. 6. See Rule RG-050.C.

- Add reference “and Restricted Registry” to the following rules: • RG-010 verbiage about registries • RG-020.D.3&6 • RG-050.B.4 • RG-120.A.8 • SC-165.A, C.2.a & c., C.3.a • SC-180.A.1 & 2 & 3 & 4 • SC-305.C • SC-310.C.1 • SC-312.C • SC-320.C • SC-325.A.1.b.1 • PR-000 • APHA World Show Qualification by Participation Guidelines.1 • RG-055.C.3 • SC-015 • SC-020 • SC-030 • SC-035

- SC-165.C. add exception 4: Exception: Restricted Registry horses will show in Regular Registry classes.

- Add reference to following Color Class rules: “Restricted Registry horses may be shown in the “overo” color class designation unless genetic testing confirms otherwise.” • SC-176 • AM-176.A • YP-086