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FORMERLYSOCIETY NEWS cbrcocoft Je(rlrsl.) l.lrstctnrcol soclc)tJ volumexiii. no.3,April, 1990 Adler:The Rabbi's Son Who ReprintingUnderway Designedthe AuditoriumTheatre On LandmarkLocal Fame of Partner Sullivan Unjustly Overshadows JewishHistory Book Ac'hieyementof Loc'alArchitectural Genius Lavish 850-PageVolume

by WilliamO. Petersen By MeitesDue Out in Fall

he life and work of DankmarAdler was an interestin the back of eprintingby the Societyof a long unavailableclassic local my mind for a numberof yearsthrough my involvement of Jewish with the history is currently under way. Auditorium. It wasa passionof mine which startedyears ago, due accordingto PresidenrWalter Roth. to my havingbeen broughtup in a family whereevery performance of By fall. it is expectedthal Tlrc operabrought a latercomment from my grandmotherand mother:"If it Histo,- of the Jeu'sof Chitugo. a volumi- had only beenin the Auditorium!"A flood of reminiscencewould then nous.lavishly illustrated and surprisingll, follou endingwith the time thatMorher and her close high schoolfriend completehistory of the ChicagoJewish HesterWentworth climbed to theirfifty-cent gallery seats to seeand hear communityduring its firsreighty years will Mary Gardenas Melisande. be generail)avriluble for rhelirsr lime in In my schoolyears I thoughtI would be an architectuntil I real- half a century.Members of theSociety will izedthat drawing,calculus and analyticalgeometry had eludedme. Yet I be permittedto buycopies at a discount. princely spentthe then sumof five dollarsI hadwon asan academicprize (|u t?d oI pugt 2 on thefirsl bookto comeout on LouisSullivan-Hugh Morrison'sLo,ls Sulliyan.Prophet oJ h4oJtrtt Arthitedure. Morrison-and every wriler on DankmarAdler, distinguishedson Sullivansince that time paidrribute to Adler for his engineeringand busi- of a distinguishedfather, has been cast in the nessability and then promptly left him behind. shadow by his more famous and more fasci- nating partner.Louis Sullivan. Yet, as lhis Christian-.1ev'ish Relationships among Immigrants arlicleclearly proves. lhe archilecluralgenius However,when I startedon Adler,another phase of my boyhood of Adler was basic to all of Sullivan's major openedup: the Chicagoof my grandparentsand great-grandparentswho achievementsand was patently evident when emigratedfrom Germanyafter the 1848revolutions. As I went through Adler worked on his own. Adler's life as a the Adler papersthere appeared the namesI wasbrought up with-very son, soldier, husband,father and Jew are also of inleresrro much a part of the liberal and philanthropicgroup in which the Adler srudenlsof localJewish history. Both his career and his life are treated family and the Schmidtfamily (to which I belong)parricipated. in this Rabbi article by Chicago Artorney William 0. Emil G. Hirsch spokeboth at DankmarAdler's and my great-grand- Petersen.like its subject a member of an old father'sfunerals. I havebeen told by WalterRoth that my grandfatherwas Chicagofamily. The arricleis an amplifica- a pupil at the schoolof Adler'sfather, Rabbi Liebman Adler. (Walter also tion of the addressgiven by Mr. Petersenat reportedthat Grandfatherliked the schoolbecause he was given both the the March CJHS meetins. (r nuc4 o Dakc4 of someK.A.M. membersin the Union TheInterwoven Web cause.In 1861,there had come 1o the pulpit oi K.A.M. a forcelulpersonality and great Of JewishHistory or or. RubbiLiebman Adler. Born in a smalltown in Germanyin I {l12, he had Se e mi ngl y Sepa rate Event.s emigratedto Detroit in lli54. alreadya prominentscholar. His new rabbinical posr- Relate to Each Other tion at K.A.M. enabledhim lo deliverpas- sionatepatriotic sermons, abolitionist in appropriatepages otherwise devoted to a he currentexhibit. "A HouseDivid- nature,which are containedin a publica- narrativehistory of Jews in Chicago.a ed."at theChicago Historical Soci- tion. Fitc A.Lr'eii?J to the K.A.M.. Rabbi recordol Jewishpanicrpation in thevarious ety is a splendidpresentation of the Adler'soldest son enlistedin the Union arts,professions and businesses.and the U.S.years before and during the Civil War Army at lhe age o[ eighteenand fought in historiesof Jewishcommunal institutions The exhibit concentratesupon the issueof many battles of the war before being includingindividual congregations. clubs slavery.and. contrary to somehistonans. woundedat lhe Baltle of Chickamauga. and charities.Remarkably in a book pub- takesthe position that the abolition of slav- The presidentof K.A.M. at this lishedover sirty-five yelrs ago.a norice- ery was the dominantcause of the Civil lime, AbrahamKohn, was alsoa staunch ably largepercentage of the biographiesarc War.There are many originaldocuments abolitionisland supporterof Lincoln.He of women.There is also an index of names and artifactson display.Chicago, of course, wa\ appoinledCiry Clerk of Chicagoin and organizations. wasthe home of SenatorStephen Douglas; 1860and is well-rememberedby Civil War No expensewas sparedin the andit washere that the Republicansnomi- buffs becauseof the satinAmerican flag preparationof the original printing. and natedLincoln as their nomineefor presi. containingin Hebrew letterinBverses 4 there are severalinsened plates-some in dent in 1860,meeting in a largewooden through 9 from the first chapterof Joshua full color -and speciallydesigned large building locatedat Lake and Market (now which he sent to Lincoln in 1861just artistic initial lettersat the start of each WackerDrive) Streetsand known as the beforeLincoln left his home in Springfield cnapter. Wigwam. to go to Washington.Kohn's daughterlater The exhibitmakes no mentionof maniedRabbi Adler's oldest son. As you New Price Kept Low ChicagoJews who were activein the aboli- may havesurmised, the oldestson of Rabbi The currentprinting, a full-sized tionistcause prior to and during the war Adler, the Civil War hero and husbandof facsimileedition, will not be quite so lavish akhoughthere were many.The only men- the daughterof the presidentof K.A.M., but will be well-producedwith a heavy tion of a Jewishinvolvement in the enrire was DankmarAdler, who would go on to paperbackcover so that it can be sold at a exhibit comesin a displaycase near the end b€comethe renownedarchitect and the sub- reasonableprice to our membersand at a in a programlisting Chicago organizations ject of our March 4 programat lhe Audito- higher,yet still modest,price to the general that participatedin the paradethat accom- rium Theater.Such as always are rhe inter- public. paniedLincoln's body after it had arrived twiningsof historyand our people. Although the book naturallypays by train from Washingtonon its way to WalterRoth major attentionto the achievementsof Cer- Springfieldfor burial. The two listed orga- Presideirt man-bomJews and their familiesduring the nizationsare the "HebrewCaha Ubecut earlyyears, careful attention was paid to the Clrarrllri' (sic) and the HebrewBenevolent Association.(The actualnames of these Repri]ltingundelwayif:;' ffi ,n[Tfi:,i'J:T',xrH: organizationswere the Cheva Kaddisha &ntnu?drt'om pag? I of themare included. Meites himself was a Uhikkur Cholin and the Hebrew Benevo- The monumentalvolume, edited Russian-bomprinting executive who pub- lent Society.)The funeral march took the by Hyman L. Meites and publishedby an lished fie Lau.ndale Press, The Jeu'ish marchersfrom the railroadstation west on earlierversion of the Societyknown as the Re.ord and, later. The Chitago .leu,ish Lake Streetto LasalleStreet and thento JewishHistorical Society of Illinois,was Chronicle.He wasactive in the JewishPeo- the Court Housesquare at RandolphStreet. printedin an elaborale,limited edirionand ples Instituteand Zionist circles. His asso- The two ChicagoJewish fratemal has been impossibleto find, even in used ciateeditor was David E. Hirsch,son of panicipated organizationsthat in the funer- bookstores,for decades.Occasionally a RabbiEmil G. Hirschof SinaiCongrega- al march originatedin true Civil War fash- copy surfacesin the usedbook marketand tion. ion: one representeda schism from the isquickly sold for hundredsof dollars. other The membersof the HebrewBenevo- The history,an oversizednine-by- Gift Made Printing Possible lent Societywere of the samegroup that twelve-inchvolume of some850 double- The republicationof the history createdK.A.M., the first Chicagosyna- columnedpages, contains literally thou- uas madepossible by a generousdonation gogue,lhen also known as the Bayerische sandsof brief biographiesof individual from the Meites family and particularly Shul.The othergroup, mainly [Bavarian] ChicagoJews, usually illustrated with a from Thomas and Jerry Meites, following of Prussianextraction, had secededfrom photoand listingimmediate family mem- in the traditionof their grandfatherby con- the Societyand would laterform another bersby name. tributing to rhediffusion of ChicagoJewish synagogue. historyto newel generalions. Unfortunately,the exhibit orga- Original Printing Lavish Detailsconceming the actualpub- nizersdid not includein their storythe role The biographiesare insertedin lication date,the cost of copiesto members 2 and proceduresfor placing orders will be oversawits initial expansionon a national As usual,the brunchwill also fea- announcedat a later date.The Societyhas basis.See "How ChicagoansStarted the ture a brief annualmeeting at which mem- arrangedfor the Wellington Publishing Hillel Foundations,"in SocietyNer.r,s, bers will be electedto the Societyboard of Companyto handlesales and warehousing Septemb€r,1983. o directors. of the book, but salesproceeds will go to Attendancewill be by prepaid the Societyfor use in furtheringits activi- reservationonly and is limited to members ties andprojects. Ir'so in good standingand their spouses.Save GhairmanReleases the date,June 10, and watch your mail for PreliminaryPlans full detailsand reservationinstructions. O SecureUIC Campus ForSummer Tours Spacefor Research, NineNominated ociety Tours ChairmanLeah Axel- EducationalUse rod is busily at work arrangingfor To Serveon our fouteenth summer seriesof CIHS GetsUse of Quarters escortedtours devoted to areaJewish histo- Boardof Directors ry. As usual,all memben in good standing In New Hillel House will receive a special mailing concerning he namesof nine metberswill be the popularSunday tour series. presentedfor election to the CJHS he Societyhas acquiredspace for a While this year'sseries has not yet boardof directorsat the Juneannual historical researchcenter on the beencompletely finalized, Mrs. Axelrod is meeting,according to NominatingCommit- campusof the University of Illi- ableto confi.m that Dr. INing Cutler's tour tee Chairman Sol Brandzel.They include nois-Chicago. An office with computer of Chicago'sJewish West Side will be sevencurrent board memberseligible for accessibility,and the use of display space repeatedearly in July, prcbablyJuly l. She reslatingand two who would be serving havebeen generously provided CJHS by also expectsa tour on July 22 to deal with their first thrce-yearterms. the UIC Hillel Foundationin its newly- landsmanshaften,vreins and their Jewish The newcomerswill be Herbert built quarters,the William and Mildred cemeteriesunder Sidney Sorkin's direction. Krauseand StanleyRosen. Reslated for Levine Hillel Centerat 929 South Morgan The Augusttour will visit exurban anotherterm are Leah Axelrod. lrving Street. Jewishcommunities located in the Elgin Cutler, Marian Cutler, JanetHagerup, "Using this spaceas a base,we and far Northwestarea. Details will be ElsieOrlinsky, Shirley Sorkin and Sidney hopeto forge links with facultyand stu- announcedlater. Sorkin. dentswhich will resultin meaningfulhis- The tours, usually one-halfday If elected,these nine wouldjoin publication toricalresearch and conceming long, are in an air-conditionedbus and are \ixteen directorswhose terms continue past," our local Jewish said Society Presi- filled on a first-come-first-servedbasis beyondthis year and three past presidents Walter "We dent Roth. also hope to attract afterthe membershipmailing is sent.Mem- in the directionof Societyactivities and grants the and other supportwhich will bersattend tours at a discount;but oncethe fiom amongwhom officersare elected. 0 projectspossible." makesuch mailing is received,prompt reservations are The Societyhas currently installed advisedas the tours frequently sell out rhe Maxwell StreetExhibit in Hillel's dis- quickly. o play rpaceas a meansof acquaintinguni- BermanPlay and versitycircles with our organization.The CJHSadministrative office will continueto ReceptionTo Aid be at its SpertusCollege location at 618 MembersBrunch SouthMichigan Avenue. Society'sWork PresidentRoth expressedhis gmt- June10 Features itude to Rabbi Richard Marker, directorof the JewishFederation's Hillel and College- SingingComedienne S :j::lil:H:l:Tf:i'l:"T:il: Age Youth Services,and UIC Hillel Direc- \-l play. First ts Supper.and meering tor Elliot Zashinfor their assistanceand singingcomedienne will provide the Chicago-bornand raisedcomedian on cooperationin securingthis additionalout- entertainmentat the annual mem- Sunday,April 29. The performance,at the postfor Societyactivity. bers only brunch scheduledfor NationalJewish Theater in Skokie,a bene- The Hillel Centerbuilding was Sunday,June 10, accordingto preliminary fit for CJHS, was made possible through made possibleby a gift from William and plans releasedby Vice-Presidentand Pro- Berman'sgenerosity and his own interestin Mildred Levine.Mr. Levine is an areabusi- gram ChairmanBurt Robin. Nenie Silver, ChicagoJewish history. nessmanactive in Jewishphilanthropic who hasappearcd on programswith Buddy Describedas a hearlwarm ing endeavon.The modern facility, dedicated Hackett,Jackie Mason and Alan King, will memoirof growingup on the city's West this winter,permits a majorexpansion of performaccompanied by a pianist. Side.the play will be followedby an inri- campusHillel activities. The locationof the brunch,the matereception with its author. Hillel housesare Jewishcom- cost of which is partially subsidizedby the Arrangemenlsfor the evening munity, religiousand study centerson Societyas a gestureof gratitudeto its mem- were madefor the Societyby Clare Grcen- American university campuses.The Hillel bers, has not been finalized at the time of berg,an old friend of Berman;Daniel Bee- Foundationconcept was createdand imple- this writing. It is, however,expected to be derman;Janet Hagerup and Burt Robin. mentedby Chicagoleadership, which also at aneasily accessible Nonh Sidelocation. Ticketsare $35.00 each.O Adler,The Rabbi's Son Family Comesto America When Adler was !wo, his father remarriedand, 1ttinued fion paee l unlike the classictale, Adler's stepmother,Zerlina Christianand the Jewish holidays.) Picard,and her stepsonadored each oiher throughout As we were closingmy mother'sapartment a life. He had at leastten half-brothersand -sistersas time year ago, I ran into a book kept by my grandmotherin went on but remainedher acknowledgedfavorite. In the 1920'sand 30's in which shelisted her guestsand 1854the family immigratedto Detroit, passingthrough menus.Nearly every nameone found was in the Adler Cincinnation the way. A Detroit position was obtained circle.The connectioncontinued with Mother'ssettle- throughthe good offices of Rabbi IsaacMayer Wise. mentwork in lateryears. LiebmanAdler becamerabbi to a small congregationof twenty-five male membersat a salaryof per year. Obviouslythen therehas been a very specialper- $360 His wife tumed to her former skills as a milliner to helo sonalinvolvement as I workedon this project. supplementthe family income. Adler Unj ustly Ove r shadow e cl Adler went through the Detroit and Ann Arbor Time hasrelegated Dankmar Adler to a role sec- public schools.An interestingnotebook retained from ondaryto that of Louis Sullivanwhenever Adler and high schoolyears shows a daily recordand allocationsof Sullivan'swork is being considered.Yet it was Adler time to completeon schedulethe work that he felt neces- who employedSullivan; and it was Adler who later sary.But not all was success.He failed his oral entrance askedSullivan to join him as a partnerin Adler's firm, examsto the Universityof Michigan.In retrospectAdler which becameAdler and Sullivan.Adler was the man commented,"I undertookto proveto the examiningpro- whom Frank Lloyd Wright alwaysreferred to as the fessorthat his use of fractional and negativeexponents "chief'when reminiscingabout his early association was altogethererroneous and not in accordancewith my with the firm. It was Wright, when appraisingAdler's maturedideas of mathematicalproprieties." relationshipto Sullivan,who wrote,"Sullivan went to schoolnot to the Ecole Des BeauxArts but to Dankmar Early EmploymentHistotl Adler." It was Adler to whom the clients came, and it For a brief period he was apprenticedto family was Adler who was recognizedas head of the firm by friendsin a banking,exchange and shippingestablish- the profession.Yet not long ago I saw a referencein the ment,a pursuitfor which he later statedhe wasunfit. His Opera News,published by the MetropolitanOpera fatherthan arranged for instructionin draftsmanshipwith Guild,to "Louis Sullivan'sGrand Auditorium." a local architect,John Schaefer, based on aptitudeshown in an earlierdrawing course.He was given by him a A NineteenthCentuty Phenomenon heavy backgroundof Romanesqueand Byzantinestyle DankmarAdler's life in many ways portraysthe as well as architecturalhistory. Adler reportedthat he story of what was bestin the developmentof the United also taught "glorification of self and indiscriminate Statesduring the last half of the NineteenthCentury. denunciationand vituperationof everyother claimant for Rabbi Hirsch describedhim as "a Germanby birth, a professionalhonor or position." From there he went as proudAmerican by consecration."It was indeeda life of apprenticedraftsman to anotherarchitectural firm, Smith consecrationto his profession,his religion,his family and Bancroft,later reminiscingthat the standardappren- and the communityat large.As one becomesfamiliar tice's day was from twelve to sixteenhours. However, with his life, one realizesthat he gaveof himself gener- fast friendshipswere bom of that period;he consideredit ously to eachof thesesectors. It is also the story of one the "foundationof whateverknowledge of the profession who roseto leadershipin his professionfrom a family of I acquired." modestresources but of solid intellectualattainment cou- In 1861Liebman Adler was calledas rabbi to pled with greatself discipline.All throughhis life CongregationAnshe Maariv, later known as KAM, the DankmarAdler was devoutand oroud in his faith but oldestJewish congregation in Chicago.His congregation wasalso a completelyaccepted and respected participant soonlearned that he was a staunchAbolitionist but was in the non-JewishAnglo-American community.For equally strong on the need for reconciliation after the example,he belongedto the Union LeagueClub as well Civil War.Liebman Adler servedthat congregationuntil asthe Standard. his deathin 1892.The move to Chicagobrought his Adler was born in the small Germantown of compensationto $1,200per year. Graduallyhe became Lengsfeldnear Eisenach on July 3, 1844.His mother, less involved in pastoralservice and headedthe congre- Sara,who came from a cultured family, died in child- gation'sday or parochialschool. birth. Hencehe was given the name Dankmar,a fusion of thanksexpressed in Germanand bittemessin Hebrew. Enlists in Union Army His father, Rabbi Liebman Adler, himself the son of a Not yet seventeen,Dankmar Adler obtained rabbi,was educatedin Weimarand Frankfurtearly in the work as a draftsmanin the office of AugustusBauer. He Reformmovement. was most fortunate,as Chicago was suffering a reces- sion. Bauer was considereda good manager,distinctive as a designer and thorough in his construction work. However,on his eighteenthbirthday Adler enlistedin the Union army as a private and served in some of the worst battlesof the war. Dankmar Adler confessedlater to lib- erating "scientific and historical books" during his tour of duty, somewhat sheepishlyexplaining they would havebeen bumed if he had not stolenthem. The last nine months in the service was as a draftsman in the topographicalengineer's office under Milo Burke, who later had a distinguishcareer as a civil engineer.This was really the only technicalengineering training Adler ever had, an interestingepisode because of his later preoccupationwith engineeringand practical problems and his later eftbrts as a chief protagonistfor legislation requiring the examination and licensing of architectsalthough himself the product of an apprentice- photo young ship system. A rare oI the Dankmar Adler as a Civil War soldier. wasduring the Burlingyears that "auditoriums"as such RestrmcsAn ltitat tural Careet enteredhis practice.I mentionedUnity Church,which He went back to the Bauer office after the war wasbuilt in 1873;it wasthere that Adler first appliedthe but did not find it compatible.His next job was with a "RussellCurve," the basis of acousticaldesign in thethe well-known architect of the time. A. J. Kinnev. a suc- theatershe wasresponsible for overthe years and which ces\ful desiEneroI churches.schoolr rnd couithoures. wereamong his greatestsuccesses. That year alsosaw He became foreman of the office and after Kinney's the completionof KingsburyHall on RandolphStreet death remained with Kinney's son for a year through with a capacityof 1,800,opened by concertsof rhe 1870.Draftsmen were then working ten hours,six days a TheodoreThomas Orchestra. Adler was orimarilv week. except during the summer when baseballwas the re5ponsiblelbr itsdesign and style. calling of the young architectson Saturdayafternoons at His own personalclientele began to developwith Prairie Avenue and Thirtieth Street.Sunday was for the Greenebaunrfamily beinghis first clients.and with sketching and teaching geometry and algebra to the thebuilding of SinaiTemple (in 1876at Indianaand 2lst young apprentices.I mention "sketchin-q"because so li! Street)of which Emil Hirsch was rabbi and a devoted tle attentionis paid to the a istic side of Adler's work. fiiend.Adler mentionsin a draftbiosraohv rhat he felt at In Januaryof 1871.leaving Kinney's son, who lhal lime rhetBurling ,hirked work'and unloaded ir on had pelsonalproblems. Adler becarnehead draftsman and Adler, but in retrospectAdler realizedthat Burling latera partnerof EdwirrdBurling. The Chicagofire came placedconfidence in Adler and respectedhim accord- soon after and in one year that firm was responsiblefor ingly.He met the publicand he met Burling'sclients. In building over a mile of frontage.Among Burling's clients 1879Adler left Burling,who wasin somesorr of a pro- were the First National Bank, the Chicago Tribune and a fessionalscrape over the ChicagoCourthouse. He went host of pronrinentChicago families with namessuch as on his own as D. Adler Architectand so practiceduntil Ryerson,DeKoven, Ogden. Blatchford,Dexter and Bor- 1882. den.all laterto becomeAdler and Sullivan clients. Among the major structuresbuilt while Adler The Central Music Hall was in the office were the buildinss of the Universitv of His firm's first commissionestablished his renu, Wooster in Ohio. the First Prclbyrerian Church in laliona\ a majorChicago archirecr and was characteii\- Freeport. the Oak Park Congregational Church, other tic of thosewhich madethe nexttwelve vears his sreat churches in Kalamazoo and LaPorte and the Opera ones.This waslhe CentrrlMuric Hall Eiuildins.Adler Housein Freeport-all in a gothic style,which was ubiq- oltenmenlioned it a\ hisgrealest personal achievement. uitousthroughout the Midwest. Some laterexamples still thoughit had a shortlife, beingtom down in 1900and standingin Chicago and in which Adler had a part are replacedby the MarshallField storeon StateStreet. A the ScottishRitc Crthedralar Walrorrand Dearboinlrhen young,well-known and well-connected entrepreneur and Unity Church) and St. JamesEpiscopal Cathedral. Our a good fiiend. GeorgeB. Carpenter,put togethera cor- Water Tower and the Water Works opposite, though porationsponsored by prominentChicagoans to provide Adler had no part in them,are typical of that style. in one buildinga commerciallyfeasible concert hall, smallerrecital halls, shops and oftlces.The concerthall Marriage and Atquiring C lients was to doubleon Sundaysas CentralChurch for the 1872 was the year of his maniage to Dila Kohn, recentlyousted pastor of Fourth PresbyterianChurch, daughter of the presidentof his father's synagogue.It DavidSwing, who hada largeand prominent following. Thebuilding was the flrst of manyprojects Adler partici- ilar expositionbuilding in Milwaukeeto accommodate patedin that rncludedan effortto providea commercial the North AmericanSaneerverein Festival. In 1892the basisfor a culturalventure that couldn'tsustain itself. temporaryRepublican Convention Hall in Minneapolis It was the predecessorof the Auditorium,the Schiller wasdesigned by Adleras was that for St.Louis in 1896. Theatre,the Pueblo Opera House and the planned Seattle OperaHouse. Ironically, it would be the aging of the Building the Auditorium Building commercialfacilities in manyof thesedevelopments As a resultof the temporary1885 Opera Festival ratherthan their cultural quarters that led to theirdestruc- Hall, theChicago Auditorium Association was formed at tion in somany instances. the instigationof Peck and Fairbank.Adler and Sullivan wereengaged as architects. Il wasthe largestarchitectural Theatresa Spetialty commissionin theUnited States at thetime. Construction Commissionafter commission followed. The startedin Juneof 1887,and the theatrewas openedon commercialcourse of the firm followedwith specialtiesDecember9, 1889.The sheercomplexity of the ven- in theatredesign, convention hall designand general ture-theatre, hotel and office building- was, and still commercialhotel, store and office buildingsleading to is, mindboggling.That was at a time when the engineer- the early skyscrapers.Residences played a minor part ing of tall buildingswas in its infancy as was the useof though a numberwere built for firm clients.In May of electriclights, electric motors and mechanicalventilation. 1880Adler hiredLouis Sullivan, ten yearshis junior, as The buildingalone had twenty-twoelevators, fourteen chief draftsmanon the recommendationof his departing power fans and 16,000lights, all operatedfrom one chief draftsmanand Sullivan'sinrellectual mentor, Paul powerplant. Adler was responsiblefor all of the engi- Edelmann.In May of 1882Sullivan became a junior neeringand layout. partnerand in 1883an equalpartner, with the firm Today we blanch at changeorders in construc- changingits nameto Adlerand Sullivan. tion. In the courseof constructionof the Auditorium,the We forget that in thosedays cities like Chicago hotel'smain dining room (now RooseveltUniversity's had at leasttwenty theatresof a type of which the Schu- library) and kitchenswere moved to the top floor, and a bert is the only functioningsurvivor. Every town of any recital hall seating400 people and a banquethall were consequencein theMidwest had at leastone. Most of the addedover the theatrestage. Two storieswere addedto theatresthat Adler and Sullivan workedon are now only the building'stower during construction.Caisson con- namesin Chicagohistory with theexception of theAudi- structionto bed rock had not beentried, and Adler and torium.Some may recollect names such as Hooley's, the one of his few consultants,William Smith, had to devise GrandOpera House, the Apollo, McVickers,Peoples and foundationsto hold this unevenpile with ground water finally the Schiller (later the Garrick),which was only fourteenfeet below MichiganAvenue. destroyedin the 1950's.All wereknown for theirsplen- did acousticsand useof the latesttechnological advances An Acoustical Triumph of the time in termsof heating,lighting and audience But it was the theatrewith ils acousticsand sight comfort.Adler was acousticalconsultant when the Pabst linesthat was the building's greatest triumph. Every gen- Theatrein Milwaukeehad problemsand is listedas a erationof singersfrom AdelinaPatti, who openedthe consultantfor CamegieHall. house,to Pavarottihas consideredit his favoritehall. Wright called it "Adlers Hall." Whom did the clients Tempo ra ry Audito r i ums Common look to? In a letter from Peck to Adler in Januaryof Triumphsof the time werethe greattemporary 1888Peck mentioned "my personalrecognition of your conventionhalls which were erecled within sheds. There geniusand senvices." wasa a greatexposition hall on thethen lakefront, where Major theatrecommissions continued with a theArt Institutenow stands,designed by W. W. Boying- splendidmultiple-purpose opera house in Pueblo,Col- ton. The spacewas some 800 feet long and 260 feet orado,the Schiller Theatreand designsfor a Seattle wide.In 1882and again in 1884a temporaryfestival hall operahouse in 1890.But asidefrom thesecommissions wasbuilt within it for musicfestivals, with a seconduse therewas a continuingcommercial practice of factories, of the 1884hall bothfor theRepublican and Democratic offices and hotels.The Ryersonfamily, the CraneCom- conventions.In 1885,within the samebuilding, a 6,000- pany,the Illinois CentralRailroad, the StandardClub seattemporary opera house was built within a three- and many of Chicago'sgreat Jewish families were monthperiod for a f'estivalthat began April 6 andended clients.l89l sawcompletion of theWainwright Building April 18.The festivaland the structurewere a greatsuc- in St. Louis. 1892the completionof the Illinois Central cess;and the two principalsponsors of the festival,Fer- Terminalin New Orleans.Most spectacularof all dinandPeck and N. K. Fairbank.two of Chicago's designswas the proposedthirty-one-story building for wealthiestand mostprominent citizens, saw in it the the OddfellowsFraternity in Chicago,which explored fbundationfbr a permanentlarge f'estival hall to provide the useof setbacksfor the first time in Americanarchi- Chicagowith what New York had in the Metropolitan tecture.1892 was the yearof the SchillerBuilding and OperaHouse completed in 1882.In 1885a temporary Theatre,completion of the ChicagoStock Exchange structureseating 12,000 people was erected within a sim- Buildins for Bostoninterests. the St. NicholasHotel in 6 St.Louis and the designs for theTransportation Building for the ChicagoWorld's Fair. There were many other commissionsduring the same period.

D epres si on RuinsP ractice Thencame the aftermathof the 1893deoression. with but onemajor commirsion. a grealone. the Cuar- antyBuilding in Buffalo,which was completed in 1895. That year Adler withdrewfrom the partnershipand acceptedan offer undera ten-yearcontract to become chiefengineer for theHydraulic Elevator Division of the CraneCompany. With his establishedpractice in col- lapseand a family to support.the $25,000-a-yearsalary was a soundrefuge. It was more than he had ever made in privatepractice. That withdrawalsignified the end of a great architecturalfirm, one of the two biggestin the city-it had fifty draftsmen;the other was Bumham and Root, a firm similar to Adler and Sullivan in many ways.It con- Adler the successful architecl with his wiIe, the lormer Dila Kohn sistedof Daniel Bumham, the administratorand leader, professionalwork, one might not realizehe was one of and John Root, the brilliant designerand closefriend of the leadersof his profession,so recognizedand so Sullivan.Sullivan considered John Root's death just respectedby his contemporaries.He was one of the beforethe 1893fair as the deathknell of his own work. foundersand first officers of the WestemAssociation of The classicrevival characterizedby the Great White Architectsin 1884.He waspresident of theIllinois State City.splendid as it was,made the Beaux Arts tradition of Associationof Architectsin 1886and 1887.As a mem- the Easternestablishment. represented by RichardMor- ber of the AmericanInstitute of Architectsand on many ris Hunt, dominantand set the standardfor commercial of its committeeshe was in closeassociation with men architecturefor thenext thirty years. suchas H. H. Richardson.Richard Morris Hunt and GeorgePost, the leadingeastem architects. Returnsto Architectural Prattice In 1885he was the drafter and later protagonist Adler'sposition with the CraneCompany lasted for legislationestablishing a boardof architecturalexam- only six months.Crane Company never did permil a iners.It took twelveyears to passthat legislationin llli- vilalexeculive to developwithin its managementstruc- nois.but it servedas a modelfbr mostof theother states ture and Adler was no exception.He recommencedhis of the Union. In 1890with compatriotssuch as John practicein partnershipwith his sonin modestoffices in Rootand Edward Sillsbee, a majorarchitect of thetime, the AuditoriumBuilding while Sullivanretained the he was involved with the mergerof the Illinois State originaltower offices where his practicewas crumbling. Associationof Architectsand the Chicaso Chanter of the Eachhighly respectedthe other'sabilities, but never AlA. In October.l89l he wrorehir '"iifefrom Boston againwere they togetheras a force in Americanarchitec- thatthe hoped he wouldnot be nominatedas president of ture. the AIA as it would be too demandingunder his then The four yearsfiom 1895through 1899 were presentcircumstances; fortunately from Adler's point of indeedmeager. Only five buildingswere completed view.the incumbent continued in office. during rhat time. with an aggregatevalue of $172,000. Buildingsfor the MorganPark Military Academyand AdI er- Su I I iv an Relations h i p severallarge factories. including one fbr the Chicago The combinationof Adler and Sullivanwas one Dock Company,were the productsof 1897.More build- of men with tremendousrespect tbr eachother. There ings for MorganPark and minor commercialbuildings wouldhave been no Auditoriumwithout Adler. It would werethe result of 1898.Temple Isaiah (at Vincennesand not have lookedas it doeswithout Sullivan.That was 45thStreet) and minor works were completed in 1899. theirstrength in everythingthey did. They wereinrimate fiiends in the early yearsof the partnership.Members of HisEarly Death the Adler family write of how Sullivancame weekly for On April 16, 1900,at theage of fifty-five,Adler dinnerduring his bacheloryears, the exquisitetaste of suffereda strokeand he died ten days later.The printed the gifts he chosefbr the family andhis participationin programcommemorating his memorialservice was family musicalevents. The Adler childrenfrequently designedby Sullivan.Sullivan fared no betterthan did wentto hisapartment. Adler afterthe breakup of thepartnership until his death Adler himselfwrote, "Of lateyears owing ro the in 1924. preeminencein the artisticfield of my partner,Mr. Sulli- When one followsthe chronolosvof Adler's van,I havedirected my effortsto the studyand solution of the engineeringproblems which are so importantin aboutarchitecture. As an architectLouis Sullivanwent the designof modernbuildings." In anotherinstance he to schoolnot to the BeauxArts but to DankmarAdler." stated,"While conduclingour businessas architectsI John Root, Daniel Burnham'spartner and the have attendedto the mechanicalpart of this work while designinggenius of that firm, who was a closefriend of Mr. Sullivan looked after the artistic and suoervisedthe Sullivan'swrote: construction." Among the highestin all the professionstands Mr Adler, for sometime after the fire a partnerof Mr. Glimpsesof the Man Himself Burling andthe "designing"member of the firm. In the NewberryLibrary collectionof Adler's Ol late Mr. Adler haspassed the artisticcrayon papers,there are a few personalletters from Adler to his to Mr Sullivan,but worksdesigned by him in earlydays wife whichgive insight into his personal life andwhy, as show a strength.simplicity, and straightforwardness, one publisherwrote, "His biographywould not be partic- togetherwith a certainrefinement, which revealthe true ularly interestingbecause his life was not particularly architect.No professionalman has possesseda more tumultuous."He did his work suoerblvand his domestic consistentand dignified coursethan he, and no man is li[e wa: thatof a devotedson and husband. Rabbi Hirsch morerespected by his confreres.The Auditorium,a real, ly wonderful stands stated,"His familylife wasas a poem." building, as a monumentto his and Sullivan'sideal. Thereis an l89l letter that he senthis wife from New York which would hardly be considereda flight of In 1924 Arthur Woltersdorf.a orominentarchi- wrote fancy or a keenobservance of the socio-economicforces lectof lhe time, his reminiscencesof Ihe lnland abouthim. Insteadhe reportedthat he had spenta pleas- Architectof someof the major Chicagoarchitects he had ant eveningwith the Schiffsand dinnerconsisted of bar- known. Of Adler he wrote: ley soup,chicken, potatoes, cauliflower, pickles, charlotte DankmarAdler, progressive,open minded and russe,pears, grapes, cider and coffee.Charlotte russe was far sightedas always,took Sullivanin and gavehim scope permittedthe development genius. also servedat a dinner at the home in Boston that of his Sul- Coolidse livan's personalitywas not suchas to attractclients, and thesame year. according to a le er to-Dila.Mr. Coolidge all theclients were Adler's and remained Adler's. Confi- was a partnerin Shepley,Ruttan and Coolidge,the suc- denceof clientsin Adler was unboundedand well cessorfirm to H. H. Richardsonand architectsof the deserved,since no effort was too grcat or time devoted mainArt Institutebuilding. to a problemtoo much to tire Adler in his effortsto An 1896letter is interestinsas it refersto an art achicvcthe bestresults. exhibitthat he attended in New Yoikwhile on a bu:ine:s Adler and Sullivanresulted in the creationof trip.Taking for grantedhis wife's interest and knowledge buildingsthat weredistinctive, rcvolutionary. strove to of thefield, it reflectson hisartistic interests, which have advancethe causeof architectureas a scienceand an art. beenso often overlooked. He menlionsDaubigny, Corot, Woltersdorfgoes on to speakof Adler's faimess Schreyers,Kowalski, Breton, Fromentus, among others, in dealing with contractorsand how contractorsknew asthe artists. Some are names that one knows. and some that, unlike many other architects,if Adler thoughr rhe are not. But he alsospoke of Rousseau,Rubens, Rem- contractorwas right Adler did not hesitateto challenge brandtand Courbet.He alsomenlioned Daniel Chester the client. French,the sculptor.Art wasobviously very much a part When all is said and done,one can only conclude of his andhis family's life. that Adler was the foundation on which Sullivan built. And thereis commentin the family that in the Whether Sullivan's aestheticgenius would have been Adler housechildren were heardas well as seenand able to expressitself without Adler is conjectural.Adler eachencouraged to develophis or hercapabilities. There gave him the vehiclesand Sullivan used them. What werethree Adler children.One daughter,Sara, married Adler would have done without Sullivan is, of course. JuliusWeil in 1897and presented Adler with a grandson,only speculation.An immense practice was srartedby EdwardWeil, in 1899.One of his sonswas also an engi- Adler in the Eighlies without Sullivan; and his firm, neerand joined him in his architecturalendeavor when much like Burnham's after Root died. misht well have he returnedfrom the CraneCompany. prosperedfollowing lhe lrend of the times ralher than trying to lead it. When the trend toward originality in His Repurati,,ttThrou.qh The Years commercial buildings was destroyedby the Columbian Adler'sposition was probably best recognized by Exposition, Burnham, Holabird and my own uncle his contemporaries.There is a wonderfulfulmination by Richard Schmidt,with his partnerHugh Garden,adapted FrankLloyd Wright in a 1935review of Hugh Morri- to fashionand survivedvery well. I suspectit was Sulli- son'sbook Louis Sullivan, Prophet of ModemArt'hitet- van the createdaesthete. who went out of currentfashion rrrre.Wright wrote,"Form follows function.Has it and may well have brought down the firm. Today we occurredto no one,then, that Dankmar Adler, not Louis should recognizeeach for what he did, and in retrospect Sullivan,deserves the crediton that dogma?It was we are dependent on each of them. As Wright said, "To Adler's contributionto his youngpartner when he was honor Adler is not to disparageSullivan." True recogni- teachinghim practicallyall thatthe youngman knew tion of Adler's contributionhas yet to come. f,

8 tg 1.)were (Slory Passman below) Photos b\ Mot.l|. Srhnd:

policiesand the hugenumber of groupsthat SocietyMembers once existed. He also discussedtheir SocietyMakes lts inevitabledecline, touching upon the rca- HearSpeakers on sonsfor it. FirstVideotape of Landsmanshaften Mr. Passman,a Society board StashoverMemoirs memberwho comesfrom a family whose Exhibit-Related M ee ting connectionwith the MariampolerAid Soci- first venture into videorapingfor Held at SpertusCollege ety goesback severalgenerations, provided archival purposeshas just been an intimatelook into the functioningand completedby the Societyunder the survivalto this day of one of the most direction of CJHS BoardmemberSol he many vivid images and mementos influential of the landsmanshafle n. He Brandzel.A sessionof reminiscencesby featured in the Society's landsman- tracedthe engrossingyet sad history of local Holocaustsurvivors was recentlypro- shaftenexhibit at SpertusCollege ^ Ma ampole,the sllell in Lithuaniafrom fessionallyvideotaped and will be pre- becameeven more vivid at the January14 which Mariampolerscame, and told of the servedby the Society. CJHS meetingas threespeakers recalled rescuework in Europedone by the group group, aspect o[ Iandsmans]dy'p,in lhe Chicago The with rhe exceptionof after two world wars had devastatedthe area.The meeting,held on the samefloor Brandzel,who moderated,were residents area. as the exhibit at Spertus,featured addresses of the Stashoverarea in Polandat the time by Mildred Mentzer of the Czechoslo- of the Nazi invasion but managedto sur- vakianSociety of America,David Passman Exhibit Adjoined Meeting Hall vive and latercome to Chicago.Among the of the MariampolerAid Societyand Sidney A large crowd gatheredearly to reminiscencesrecorded were thoseof their Sorkin,noted researcher of local /ands- view or reviewlhe exhibitand sharein a experiencesas they laterbecame Ameri- manshaften. socialhour beforegathering at 2:00 PM cansin the Chicagoarca. Brandzel,prominent labor leader Ms. Mentzer discussedprimarily that Sundayaftemoon to hearthe presenta- and pastpresident of the ChicagoBoard of the activitiesof the CzechoslovakianSoci- tions in BedermanHall. Past President Education,was himself bom in Stashover. ety, an umbrellaorganization both of indi- Adele Hast, who was instrumentalin After coming to this country as a child he viduals and of the many landsmanshaften- assemblingboth the exhibit and the pro- becameactive in the StoshoverUnter- type organizationscreated by Gentile gmm, introducedthe speakers. stiezungVerein, an organizationinstrumen- immigrants to Chicago from Bohemia. Landsmanshaften yereins ot are tal in assistingthe integrationof these Their similaritiesto the Jewishorganiza- (and the Yiddish German)terms applied to suryivorsinto Americanlife. tions werestriking. thevarious aid and mutualbenefit societies The idea for the videoraping createdby immigrantsof most nationalities SpeakerDiscusses Aims, Activities developedfrom a recenrvisit to theChica- and religionsto serveas sourcesof com- go areaby a Yale University unit which is Mr. Sorkin, currently working on fort, camaraderieand support for the recordingexperiences of Holocaustsur- a book about landsmanshartenand rcrcins, strangersin a strangeland. Later integra- vivors nationwide. Society Past President presentedan overviewof theseorganiza- tion into Americansociety has resulted in a Adele Hast, Ed Mazur and Past President tions, stressingtheir mutualaid aspects, dwindling away of theseonce necessary Norman Schwanzassisted Brandzel in the their auxiliary activities,their membership and importantaspects of immigmntlife. 0 Stashoverproject. D suchas a synagogue,a cemeteryor a chari- Membersh i p Gut-off il;,ltableXll"li,lLiliii;l organization; but ;;*:hJ:leventually, as :.:fisocial Photoof OrphansWas securityreplaced mutual aid and immigra- DateApproaches tion dwindled to a t ckle, they fadedfrom ForConfirmation the scene. hose memberswho have not yet eade$ of the last issueof Clrlcago paid their 1990 dues are reminded SpeakersEnhance Exhibit JewishHistory will recall seeinga that the cutoff date approachesand I\ photo of a group of youngsters Both al the exhibit's opening that they can enjoy the benefitsof continu- from the ChicasoChicagoHome for JewishOrDhansOrphans receptionand at the Society'sJanuary 19 ous membershiponly by renewing within datingfrom about 1921.We askedfor help meeting,various speakers elaborated on the the next month. in identifying individuals in the photo, history and the contributionsof /andsmar- "By the end of May we must which was recentlydonated to the Society shaften.Wideinterest resulted in the exhib- remove the namesof non-renewersfrom for presewationby CarolynWollner. it's being extendedfor more than one our mailing list," said Membership While so far no identifications monthbeyond its originalclosing date. Chairman Marian Cutler. "That meansno haveanived (the peoplepictured would be SocietyExhibit ChairmanJanet Chicago Jev,ish Histo,'),, no meeting well into their eightiestoday), the Society Hagerupexpressed her gratitudeto the notices,no membersbrunch and no dis- did learn that the photographwas, in all many individualsand organizationswho countson summertours or on copiesof the probability, a confirmation class at the assisted,pafiicularly the Czechoslovakian Meitesbook when it appearsthis fall." home. Such a photo was made for each HeritageMuseum, which contributeda Reminderletters were sent out year'sconfirmation group. numberof itemsto the display;and the IUi- last month to those who had neglectedto This informationwas volunteered nois HumanitiesCouncil and the National renewmembership when first contactedbut by FlorenceKraeckmann, herself a one- Endowmentfor Humanities,whose finan- there is, as Mrs. Cutler recentlystated, still time "aitchkay"or homekid, asresidents of cial assistancemade the exhibit possible. time to remainpart of a vital and enjoyable the home were called. Mrs. Kraeckmann, I. J. S.O organizationthat deliversmajor satisfac- now eighty yearsold, was in the home, tionsat veryminor cost. locatedat 6lst Streetand Drcxel Avenue, li you need a dues envelope, when she was graduatedfrom Fiske Ele- phone(312) 663-5634. O AcquireHistory of mentarySchool in 1923. We are still interestedin individu- Congregationfor al identificationsfor that photo.Anyone with intbrmation shouldcontact the editor Society'sSpertus Society'sArchives or the Societyoffice. ExhibitConcludes A historyof BethTilvah Congrega- SuccessfulRun A ::1,:'#'Xi:::'J'ii'ii:H,';iNew Life, Regular Popularity Resultsin collectionof local Jewishinstitutional his- tories.The history,an impressivecompila- MembersWelcomed One-MonthExtension tion writtenand published on the occasion of the northwestsuburban congregation's ew Life Members are among the who or someit was the sighsthat accom- twenty-fifth anniversary,was securedfor several individuals have pany reminiscencesof bygonedays. the Societyby PastPresident Norman becomenew membersof the Soci- in the For othersit was a glimpse into an Schwanz. ety last few months.They are all welcomedto the ranksof thosewho insure unknown or almost forgotten corner of "We are alwayslooking for histo- that the achievementsand tnvails of those local Jewishhistory. For all who viewed it, ries of local Jewishorganizations to add to who havetrod local streetsbeforc us do not it wasa rewardingexperience. our collection," said Mr. Schwartz."They go unrecordedand unrcmembered. "lf' wasthe exhibit."Our Second are often of greatvalue to researchersin Home," the CJHS display devoted to local Jewishhistory; but frequently in the Our new Life Membersarc Nor- landsmanshoften,which closed in March pastthese histories have been lost or widely man and MoselleSchwartz and Sylvia grateful after more than three monthsin Spertus scattered,especially as institutionsmove, GraberFoley. We are for their ded- generosity. College'ssecond floor exhibit gallery, mergeor discontinueoperations. Give them icationand New membersare: to us and we will seethat they are pre- Seenby Thousands served." Rabbi Ellen W Dreyfuss Belh C. Lisber8 Thousandsof people saw the Anyonewith an institutionalhis- Hanf S. Miller maps,photographs, insignia, records and tory they are willing to donateto the Soci- Gayola G. Epstein Marilyn & Roger Price othermemorabilia conceming those institu- ety should get into contact with Mr. MyronClickmd Mr. & lt'ln. Edward tions,both Jewish and Gentile, which were Schwartz.{3 l2) 944-4444.or rhe Society startedfor the mutualassistance of immi- office. Richard J. Hdris grantsarriving in Chicago from particular Historiesdo not haveto be up-to- Mailyn W Silin communitiesin the old country. dateto be valuableresearch tools. Indeed, it Mr. & M6. Alben Zemel The land.rmansha.ftor yerein. as is thosewhich dig into the vinually forgot- the Jewscalled it. in manyinstances pros- ten earliestyears that seemto be in greatest Marian Cutler peredand grew into a permanentinstitution demand. tr MembershipChairman D

10 In GanzHall: March Speaker William O. Petersenand threeAdler great-grandchildren (story below)

inepraceabre director. Auditorium Designer As usual, a social hour with LaudedAt His Lift, Achievements refreshments,graciously provided this time In his addressPetersen sketched by RooseveltUnive$ity, precededthe pro- March4 Meeting the bittersweetlife storyof Adler, the eldest gram.Mr Petenenwas introducedby Soci- son of an early rabbi of KAM Temple,the ety PresidentWalter Roth. o SpeakerNotes Adler's Civil War hero, the successfulbut never Ne gl e cted Ac hiev ements very financially securearchitect and the fatherearly separatedfrom his family by an DaughterSeeks Info untimelydeath. ome overduecredit was paid at the Presentat the meeting and intro- OnBenny Goodman Society'sMarch 4 meetingto the tal- duced to the large audiencewere three ent of Dankmar Adler, designer- great-grandsonsof DankmarAdler: Daniel emberswho haveknowledge of architectof Chicago'sfamed Auditorium E. Weil, Edward Weil III and RobertT. Building and its evenmorc famousTheatrc. incidentsor eventsin the life of Weil. A grandson,Edward S. Weil, Jr., was jazzmanBenny Goodmandudng Attomey William O. Petersen,an amateur also presentas was a great-granddaughter, paid his eady yea$ in Chicagoare askedto contact Adler historian, tribute to the Jewish CynthiaWeil. engineeringgenius, whose skills resultedin the researcherlisted below who is wo*ing One of the great-grandsons, with a theatreas sound and workable today as Goodman'sdaughter, Rachel Goodman Daniel Weil, sharedwith the meetingsome when it was built just one hundredyears Edelson,on a book abouther father.He is also resultsof his own recentresearch into the pednent photographs,posters ago interestedin rechnicaladvances made use of by his Petersen,most of whose address and advertisements.These would be carefully orcrr-onn.lfrthcr appearselsewhere in this publication,made handledand retumedafter copying. the point that although the beauty and Goodman,of course,grew up on decoration throughout the structure were ConductedTour of Thean'e Chicago'sold WestSide and,according to tra- essentiallythe contributionof Adler's more Through the courtesyof Roo- dition, leamedto play musical instrumentsat famous partner,Louis Sullivan, the build- seveltUniversity. rhe Sociely'smeeling Hull Houseclasses for immignnts and their ing would neverhave been built if the com- was held in Ganz RecitalHall in the Audi- families. missionhad not beensecured by Adler, the torium Building, which currentlyhouses Items and/or information should be principal partner,and would not have the university.Another highlight of the addressedto: Robert B. McPherson,KCS survivedhad not the theatre'ssuperior meetingwas a one-hourtour of the Audito- Group,3769 Thomall Street,Edison, New sightlinesand acoustics,both Adler's con- rium Theatre,conducted by BarbaraCorri- Jersey18837. McPherson may be reachedby tributions, renderedthe theatreessentially gan, assistantto the theatre'sexecutive phoneat (201)632-1770. 0

ll