Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
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Opposition Parties in the House of Commons
Opposition parties in the House of Commons Standard Note: SN/PC/06057 Last updated: 2 August 2013 Author: Mark Sandford Section Parliament & Constitution Centre This note describes the development of the roles and entitlements of the opposition parties, in particular the Official Opposition, in the House of Commons. It lists the current opposition parties and their electoral performance, and discusses how the procedures and practices of the House make allowances for the Opposition. This information is provided to Members of Parliament in support of their parliamentary duties and is not intended to address the specific circumstances of any particular individual. It should not be relied upon as being up to date; the law or policies may have changed since it was last updated; and it should not be relied upon as legal or professional advice or as a substitute for it. A suitably qualified professional should be consulted if specific advice or information is required. This information is provided subject to our general terms and conditions which are available online or may be provided on request in hard copy. Authors are available to discuss the content of this briefing with Members and their staff, but not with the general public. Contents 1 Background 3 1.1 History of the role of ‘official opposition’ 3 1.2 The British political system 3 2 Rights and privileges of the opposition 4 2.1 Opposition days 4 3 Public funding for opposition parties 5 3.1 Short money 5 3.2 Sinn Fein allowances 6 3.3 Policy Development Grants 6 4 The Liberal Democrat Party 6 5 Opposition parties 7 5.1 The Democratic Unionist Party 7 5.2 The Scottish National Party 7 5.3 Sinn Féin 8 5.4 Plaid Cymru 8 5.5 The Social Democratic and Labour Party 9 5.6 The Ulster Unionist Party 9 5.7 The Alliance Party of Northern Ireland 9 5.8 Green Party of England and Wales 10 5.9 Independents 10 6 Selected bibliography 12 2 1 Background 1.1 History of the role of ‘official opposition’ The UK has historically been characterised by an adversarial, normally two-party, system of politics. -
Northern Ireland Representation at Westminster: Constitutional Conundrums and Political Manoeuvres
Northern Ireland Representation at Westminster: Constitutional Conundrums and Political Manoeuvres Walker, G., & Mulvenna, G. (2015). Northern Ireland Representation at Westminster: Constitutional Conundrums and Political Manoeuvres. Parliamentary History, 34(2), 237-255. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-0206.12141 Published in: Parliamentary History Document Version: Peer reviewed version Queen's University Belfast - Research Portal: Link to publication record in Queen's University Belfast Research Portal Publisher rights Copyright 2015 Wiley This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Walker, G. and Mulvenna, G. (2015), Northern Ireland Representation at Westminster: Constitutional Conundrums and Political Manœuvres. Parliamentary History, 34: 237–255., which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1750-0206.12141/abstract. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance With Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archiving. General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The Research Portal is Queen's institutional repository that provides access to Queen's research output. Every effort has been made to ensure that content in the Research Portal does not infringe any person's rights, or applicable UK laws. If you discover content in the Research Portal that you believe breaches copyright or violates any law, please contact [email protected]. Download date:30. Sep. 2021 Northern Ireland Representation at Westminster: Constitutional Conundrums and Political Manœuvres GRAHAM WALKER and GARETH MULVENNA Queen’s University Belfast This article focuses on the issue of Northern Ireland’s representation at Westminster. -
Ervine and the Struggle for Progressive Loyalism
Northumbria Research Link Citation: Parr, Connal Ending the siege? David Ervine and the struggle for progressive Loyalism. Irish Political Studies, 33 (2). pp. 202-220. ISSN 0790-7184 Published by: UNSPECIFIED URL: This version was downloaded from Northumbria Research Link: http://northumbria-test.eprints- hosting.org/id/eprint/50580/ Northumbria University has developed Northumbria Research Link (NRL) to enable users to access the University’s research output. Copyright © and moral rights for items on NRL are retained by the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. Single copies of full items can be reproduced, displayed or performed, and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given, as well as a hyperlink and/or URL to the original metadata page. The content must not be changed in any way. Full items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without formal permission of the copyright holder. The full policy is available online: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/pol i cies.html This document may differ from the final, published version of the research and has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies. To read and/or cite from the published version of the research, please visit the publisher’s website (a subscription may be required.) Ending the Siege? David Ervine and the Struggle for Progressive Loyalism Keywords: Ulster Loyalism; Labour; socialism; violence; peace-making Abstract: Drawn from newspapers and interviews with political colleagues, relatives, and conflict intermediaries, this article concerns the late Loyalist political leader David Ervine – an ideal vector through which to explore the recent history and struggle for progressive Loyalism within Protestant working-class East Belfast. -
Irish-America and the Ulster Conflict, 1968-1995 Andrew J
Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1995 Irish-America and the Ulster Conflict, 1968-1995 Andrew J. Wilson Loyola University Chicago Recommended Citation Wilson, Andrew J., "Irish-America and the Ulster Conflict, 1968-1995" (1995). Dissertations. 3317. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/3317 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1995 Andrew J. Wilson LOYOLA UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO IRISH-AMERICA AND THE ULSTER CONFLICT, 1968-1985 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ' . LOYOLA UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ANDREW J. WILSON (' CHICAGO, ILLINOIS MAY 1991 Chapter 6 From the Formation of the Ad Hoc Com:mi ttee on Irish Affairs to the Atkins Initiative. 1977-1979. The increasing success of constitutional nationalists put a severe strain on the activities of republican groups in America. Noraid lead.ers today accept that the st. Patrick's Day statement by the Four Horsemen was a set-back to their efforts to win Irish-American support. The Irish National Caucus was similarly alarmed by the carter statement. It showed that constitutional nationalists had the power to influence the President. compared to this significant breakthrough, the small successes of the I.N.C. on Capitol Hill seemed singularly unimpressive. -
Politics in the Streets
Politics in the Streets The origins of the civil rights movement in Northern Ireland by Bob Purdie (1990) Originally published by The Blackstaff Press, Belfast PDF version included on CAlN with the permission of the author http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/crightslpurdiel You cm@ along. And all the time, hough yw nwcr noticed, the old lies festered; the ignorant became more thoroughly infected; there were gains, of course; you never saw any go barefoot. The government -at, sustained by the regular plebiscites of loyalty . Faces changed on the posters, namm tcro, often, but the same families, the same class of people. A Minister once called you by your hit name. You coasted along and the sorw suppurated and -d. Now the fever is high and raging; who would haw pesstd it, roasting along? The ignorant-sick thresh about in delirium and tear at the wbs with dirty finger-nails. The cloud of infection hangs over the city, a quick change of wind and it might spill over he leafy suburbs. You coasted too long. The masers' by John Hcwitt The Md from 1962 to 1968 saw the last year of Lord Bmke- borough's premiership of Northern Ireland and his succession by Captain Terence Oweill. Under the new leadership it was widely believed that decisive changes were taking place and that Nodm Ireland was being 'modernised'. By this term, technocratic poli- ticians, media commentators and middle-class intellectuals meant that, in their opinion, Northern Ireland was ceasing to be obsessed by sectarian symbols and was beginning to share the preacuptions of the rest of the Western worid with economic g~owthand consumer satisfaction. -
Parliament and Northern Ireland, 1921-2021
BRIEFING PAPER Number CBP-8884, 21 December 2020 Parliament and Northern By David Torrance Ireland, 1921-2021 Contents: 1. Introduction 2. Historical background 3. Parliament of Northern Ireland 4. Northern Ireland, 1921-39 5. “Matters arising from a state of war”, 1939-45 6. Post-war Northern Ireland, 1945-50 7. Northern Ireland, 1950-66 8. The 1920 Act under pressure, 1966-72 9. Direct Rule, 1972-79 10. Northern Ireland, 1979-99 11. Northern Ireland, 1999-2021 Appendix 1: Government of Ireland Act 1920 timeline Appendix 2: Political leaders in Northern Ireland Appendix 3: Selected bibliography www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | [email protected] | @commonslibrary 2 Parliament and Northern Ireland, 1921-2021 Contents 1. Introduction 6 2. Historical background 8 2.1 Third Home Rule Bill 8 2.2 Origins of partition 9 2.3 Government of Ireland Act 1914 11 2.4 New proposals 12 2.5 Government of Ireland Bill 14 2.6 An Act to “provide for the better Government of Ireland” 16 Powers 17 Restrictions 19 Financial provisions 19 Refusal to work the Act 20 Sovereignty 20 2.7 The 1920 Act as a “constitution” 21 2.8 Creating the new “state” 21 2.9 Elections to the Northern Parliament 23 2.10 First meetings of Parliament 24 State opening 25 2.11 Parliament of Southern Ireland 26 2.12 Negotiations 27 2.13 Anglo-Irish Treaty 29 2.14 The Irish Free State and “Ulster Month” 31 3. Parliament of Northern Ireland 34 3.1 House of Commons 34 3.2 Senate of Northern Ireland 36 3.3 Governor of Northern Ireland 37 3.4 Privy Council and Great Seal of Northern Ireland 40 3.5 Stormont 41 3.6 Royal Courts of Justice 43 3.7 Northern Ireland Civil Service 44 3.8 Representation at Westminster 46 3.9 Northern Ireland MPs at Westminster 46 3.10 Irish Boundary Commission, 1924-25 47 3.11 Changes to Royal Titles 50 4. -
The Northern Ireland Border
BRIEFING PAPER Number CBP9105, 3 May 2021 The Northern Ireland By David Torrance border Contents: 1. Summary 2. Origins of the border 3. Treaty and Boundary Commission 4. Customs frontier 5. Territorial waters 6. Economic War and constitutional changes 7. A “militarised” border 8. 1973 Border Poll 9. Developments in the 1970s and ‘80s 10. European Single Market 11. Belfast/Good Friday Agreement 12. Brexit and the Irish Sea border 13. Timeline of the Northern Ireland border www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | [email protected] | @commonslibrary 2 The Northern Ireland border Contents 1. Summary 3 2. Origins of the border 4 2.1 Third Home Rule Bill 4 2.2 Subsequent proposals 6 2.3 Government of Ireland Act 1920 8 3. Treaty and Boundary Commission 10 3.1 Treaty negotiations 10 3.2 Northern Ireland opts out 11 3.3 Irish Boundary Commission 12 4. Customs frontier 14 4.1 Approved and unapproved routes 15 4.2 Border anomalies 17 4.3 Common Travel Area 17 5. Territorial waters 18 5.1 Position of the Irish Free State 18 6. Economic War and constitutional changes 20 6.1 Constitutional changes 20 6.2 1938 Agreement 21 6.3 Second World War 21 6.4 Anti-Partition League and Ireland Act 22 6.5 Foyle Fisheries Commission 23 7. A “militarised” border 25 7.1 “The Troubles” 26 8. 1973 Border Poll 28 Debate in Parliament 28 The Order 29 The referendum 29 9. Developments in the 1970s and ‘80s 30 9.1 Redrawing the boundary? 31 9.2 Cross-border co-operation 31 10. -
Evangelicals and Vestments Controversy, 1964
Parliament, the Church of England and the last gasp of political protestantism, 1963-41 John Maiden and Peter Webster [Article forthcoming in Parliamentary History, to appear in 2012/13. This version is that accepted for publication, but before the (minor) amendments made in response to peer review and before copy-editing.] In October 1962, four prominent anglican evangelical leaders wrote to members of parliament calling on them to ‘protect lay-folk’ from controversial aspects of both a proposed revision of the canon law and experimentation with alternatives to the 1662 Book of Common Prayer.2 The authors, described by The Times as ‘four leading evangelicals’,3 could indeed have reasonably claimed to have represented conservative anglican evangelicalism. John R. W. Stott, rector of All Souls, Langham Place, was becoming established as the most recognized individual figure in the party; Lord Brentford was president of the Church Society, the leading anglican evangelical organisation; R. Peter Johnston was vicar of Islington and chairman of the Islington Clerical Conference, the influential annual gathering of evangelical clerics; and Arthur Smith was president of the Church Pastoral-Aid Society. Lord Brentford, (Lancelot William Joynson-Hicks, MP for Chichester until 1958), had considerable pedigree as an evangelical campaigner for protestant interests. His father, William, or ‘Jix’, the Conservative home secretary, had spearheaded a national campaign against the proposed revision of the 1662 prayer book, which ended with MPs twice rejecting the bishops’ proposals in 1927 and 1928 and the state thus undermining the spiritual authority of an allegedly ‘catholicizing’ church.4 Brentford’s case had striking similarities to that of his father. -
The Northern Ireland Government, the Paisleyite Movement and Ulster Unionism in 1966
The Northern Ireland Government, the Paisleyite Movement and Ulster Unionism in 1966 O'Callaghan, M., & O'Donnell, C. (2006). The Northern Ireland Government, the Paisleyite Movement and Ulster Unionism in 1966. Irish Political Studies, 21(2), 203-222. https://doi.org/10.1080/07907180600707607 Published in: Irish Political Studies Document Version: Peer reviewed version Queen's University Belfast - Research Portal: Link to publication record in Queen's University Belfast Research Portal Publisher rights Copyright 2006 Taylor and Francis. This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher. General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The Research Portal is Queen's institutional repository that provides access to Queen's research output. Every effort has been made to ensure that content in the Research Portal does not infringe any person's rights, or applicable UK laws. If you discover content in the Research Portal that you believe breaches copyright or violates any law, please contact [email protected]. Download date:24. Sep. 2021 The Northern Ireland Government, the ‘Paisleyite Movement’ and Ulster Unionism in 1966 Abstract. This article presents original documentary material discovered at the Public Records Office, Northern Ireland (PRONI) relating to the RUC’s position in June 1966 on what was referred to as the ‘Paisleyite Movement’. -
Garret Fitzgerald Papers Minister for Foreign Affairs, 1973–77 P215 Ucd
GARRET FITZGERALD PAPERS MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS, 1973–77 P215 UCD ARCHIVES [email protected] www.ucd.ie/archives T + 353 1 716 7555 F + 353 1 716 1146 © 2009 University College Dublin. All Rights Reserved ii CONTENTS CONTEXT Biographical History iv Archival History v CONTENT AND STRUCTURE Scope and Content vi System of Arrangement vii CONDITIONS OF ACCESS AND USE Access viii Language viii Finding Aid viii DESCRIPTION CONTROL Archivist’s Note viii ALLIED MATERIALS Published and Archival Material viii iii Biographical history Born in 1926, the fourth son of Desmond FitzGerald, a veteran of the 1916 rebellion who served as Minister for External Affairs and Minister for Defence in the first post-independence Irish governments, a poet, philosopher and friend of Ezra Pound, and Mabel FitzGerald [née McConnell] a Belfast Presbyterian who acted for periods as secretary to George Bernard Shaw and George Moore. Educated at Belvedere and UCD where he took a double first in History and French and met his future wife, Joan O’Farrell. He was called to the Bar in 1947 but never practiced, taking up employment at the beginning of that year with Aer Lingus where he was involved centrally in the development of the national airline. He also developed a profile in journalism, writing and lecturing on economic matters in particular. By early 1958 he had left Aer Lingus to pursue a career as an economic journalist, lecturer and consultant, acting at various times over the next fifteen years as inter alia the Financial Times correspondent in Dublin, a lecturer in economics in University College Dublin, a weekly columnist for the Irish Times, representative in Dublin of the BBC and the Economist, and economic consultant to a wide variety of state and private enterprises. -
Tame Tory Hacks'?
Edinburgh Research Explorer Tame Tory Hacks’? The Ulster Party at Westminster, 1922-72 Citation for published version: Jackson, A 2011, 'Tame Tory Hacks’? The Ulster Party at Westminster, 1922-72', Historical Journal, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 453-475. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X11000094 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1017/S0018246X11000094 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Published In: Historical Journal Publisher Rights Statement: Jackson, A. (2011). Tame Tory Hacks’? The Ulster Party at Westminster, 1922-72. Historical Journal, 54(2), doi: 10.1017/S0018246X11000094 General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 30. Sep. 2021 The Historical Journal http://journals.cambridge.org/HIS Additional services for The Historical Journal: Email alerts: Click here Subscriptions: Click here Commercial reprints: Click here Terms of use : Click here ‘TAME TORY HACKS’? THE ULSTER PARTY AT WESTMINSTER, 1922–1972 ALVIN JACKSON The Historical Journal / Volume 54 / Issue 02 / June 2011, pp 453 475 DOI: 10.1017/S0018246X11000094, Published online: 11 May 2011 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0018246X11000094 How to cite this article: ALVIN JACKSON (2011). -
Irish-America and the Ulster Conflict, 1968-1995
Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1991 Irish-America and the Ulster Conflict, 1968-1995 Andrew J. Wilson Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Wilson, Andrew J., "Irish-America and the Ulster Conflict, 1968-1995" (1991). Dissertations. 3317. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/3317 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1991 Andrew J. Wilson LOYOLA UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO IRISH-AMERICA AND THE ULSTER CONFLICT, 1968-1985 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ' . LOYOLA UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ANDREW J. WILSON (' CHICAGO, ILLINOIS MAY 1991 Chapter 6 From the Formation of the Ad Hoc Com:mi ttee on Irish Affairs to the Atkins Initiative. 1977-1979. The increasing success of constitutional nationalists put a severe strain on the activities of republican groups in America. Noraid lead.ers today accept that the st. Patrick's Day statement by the Four Horsemen was a set-back to their efforts to win Irish-American support. The Irish National Caucus was similarly alarmed by the carter statement. It showed that constitutional nationalists had the power to influence the President.