Finn Juhl Navische Möbel Sind Etwas Für Men- Regina Voges Schen, Die Wert Auf Qualität Legen Und Denen Behaglichkeit Vor Reprä- Finn Sentation Geht

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Finn Juhl Navische Möbel Sind Etwas Für Men- Regina Voges Schen, Die Wert Auf Qualität Legen Und Denen Behaglichkeit Vor Reprä- Finn Sentation Geht 26_33_Finn_Juhl 12.11.2012 14:29 Uhr Seite 2 NORDISCHER WOHNSTIL Holz, gerundete Formen und eine meisterhafte Verarbeitung: Skandi- Finn Juhl navische Möbel sind etwas für Men- Regina Voges schen, die Wert auf Qualität legen und denen Behaglichkeit vor Reprä- Finn sentation geht. In den letzten Jahren ist ihre Fangemeinde wieder ge- wachsen. Doch während Arne Ja- cobsens „Ameise" und „Schwan" in kaum einem Design orientierten Haushalt fehlen, waren die Möbel Juhl von Finn Juhl (1912-1989) bislang eher etwas für Eingeweihte. Zu Un- recht, denn der Name dieses Archi- tekten und Designers war in den 1950er-/60er-Jahren ein Synonym für den nordischen Wohnstil. 2012, im Jahr seines hundertsten Geburts- tags, ist Finn Juhls Rückkehr in die Wohnwelten nicht mehr zu stoppen. Ausstellungen in Kopenhagen, Tokio, New York und Paris erinnern an die- sen sensiblen Gestalter, zahlreiche seiner Entwürfe sind als Reedition wieder zu haben, Auktionshäuser rü- cken sein Werk in den Mittelpunkt und in fast jeder aktuellen Wohnzeit- schrift begegnet man mindestens ei- nem Finn-Juhl-Klassiker. Wer verstehen will, was das skandi- navische Lebensgefühl gestern wie heute in aller Welt so anziehend macht, sollte sich das Wohnhaus von Finn Juhl in Charlottenlund nördlich von Kopenhagen ansehen. Der Archi- tekt baute es 1942, also im Alter von nur 30 Jahren. Es ist ein schlichter, rechtwinkliger Bungalow aus weiß gekalktem Backstein. Ein offener Grundriss – seinerzeit eine Sensa- tion! – lässt die einzelnen Räume ineinanderfließen. Man begegnet hier den Juhl-Möbeln, die Designge- schichte schrieben, in ihrer idealtypi- schen, von sanftem Licht und einer zurückhaltenden Farbigkeit gepräg- Der „Knochenstuhl" aus dem Jahr 1944 war das persönliche Lieblingsmöbel des De- ten Umgebung: dem Sofa „Poeten" signers. Nur rund ein Dutzend Exemplare wurden von diesem Modell gebaut. Zum mit seinen sinnlichen Rundungen, Jubiläumsjahr produzierte Onecollection hundert Stück des filigranen Stuhls. Sie dem Häuptlingsstuhl von archaisch wurden vom Auktionshaus Bruun Rasmussen – aufgeteilt auf 44 Lose – an Liebha- anmutender Eleganz, den bunten ber versteigert (Foto: Designmuseum Danmark/Pernille Klemp) Schubladenschränken. Es ist eine Mi- schung aus Leichtigkeit, Eleganz und 26_33_Finn_Juhl 12.11.2012 14:29 Uhr Seite 3 Den Häuptlingsstuhl, entworfen für doch sein strenger Vater überredete Niels Vodder im Jahre 1949, gab es spä- ihn zu einem Architekturstudium an ter auch als Zweisitzer (Foto: Designmu- der Königlichen Akademie der schö- seum Danmark/Pernille Klemp) nen Künste. Er studierte bei Kay Fisker, der wegen seiner unterhaltsa- men Vorlesungen berühmt war. Juhl sollte sein Studium jedoch nie „Menschlichkeit", die Finn Juhls Mö- abschließen. Schon 1934 wurde der bel ausmachen. In seinem Wohn- renommierte Architekt Vilhelm Lau- haus korrespondieren sie mit Kunst ritzen auf das Nachwuchstalent auf- der nordischen Moderne, mit Wer- merksam und bot ihm einen Ferien- ken von Wilhelm Lundstrøm, Richard job an. Daraus wurde eine elfjährige Mortensen, Eigill Jacobsen und Ri- Zusammenarbeit, die vor allem die chard Jacobsen. Das Gesamtkunst- Planung der neuen Kopenhagener werk blieb glücklicherweise bis heu- Rundfunkzentrale („Radiohuset") te unangetastet. Zu verdanken ist umfasste. Erst nach Abschluss dieses dies seiner Lebensgefährtin Hanne Großauftrags im Jahre 1945 verließ Wilhelm Hansen, einer vermögen- Finn Juhl das Büro Lauritzen, um sein den Musikverlegerin, die das Werk eigenes Atelier in Nyhavn zu eröff- des Designers bis zu ihrem Tod 2003 nen. Obwohl er sein Studium nicht wie einen Schatz hütete. Seit einigen abgeschlossen hatte, nahm ihn der Jahren steht das gemeinsame Heim Berufsverband der Architekten 1942 als Museum Besuchern offen, es ist als Mitglied auf. Teil des Museums Ordrupgaard. Neben seiner Arbeit als Architekt entwarf Finn Juhl Möbel, die der BIOGRAFIE Kunsttischler Niels Vodder ausführte – es war der Beginn einer langen, Finn Juhl wurde 1912 in Frederiksberg fruchtbaren Zusammenarbeit. 1937 als Sohn eines vermögenden Textil- beteiligte sich der Jung-Designer an großhändlers geboren. Seine aus der Ausstellung der Kopenhagener Deutschland stammende Mutter Möbeltischler-Gilde und sorgte so- starb, als der Junge erst drei Jahre alt fort für Diskussionen. Er war ein war. Er wuchs heran in düsteren, Außenseiter, denn seine Konkurren- holzgetäfelten Räumen zwischen ten konnten allesamt eine hand- Tudor-Möbeln. Finn Juhl träumte von werkliche oder einschlägige akade- einer Karriere als Kunsthistoriker, mische Ausbildung vorweisen und Eleganz der 40er-Jahre: Finn Juhls Arm- lehner FJ45, entstanden 1945, wurde ein Erfolgsmodell. Zu haben war es in Ro- senholz, Mahagoni, Teak und Walnuss (Foto: Designmuseum Danmark/Pernil- le Klemp) Sehr seltener Armlehner aus Kuba-Ma- hagoni, Original-Lederbezug mit Mes- singstiften, ausgeführt von Niels Vod- der 1939. Er wurde vom Auktionshaus Bruun-Rasmussen in Kopenhagen an- lässlich einer Finn-Juhl-Spezialauktion zum Schätzpreis von 100-125.000 Däni- schen Kronen (ca. 13.400-16.800 Euro) angeboten (Foto: Bruun-Rasmussen) 26_33_Finn_Juhl 12.11.2012 14:30 Uhr Seite 4 28 DESIGN standen unter dem Einfluss des sei- nischen Möbeldesign an, der viele nerzeit führenden Design-Theoreti- Jahre später in Arne Jacobsens be- kers Kaare Klint (1888-1954). Der Va- rühmten Sesseln „Schwan" und „Ei" ter der Anthropometrie – der syste- gipfeln sollte. matischen Erfassung menschlicher Körpermaße und Proportionen – galt HEITERE BESCHWINGTHEIT als Wegweiser zum klassisch-mo- dernen Design der Nachkriegszeit. Juhls Möbel sind von heiterer Be- Sein Name steht für die Entwicklung schwingtheit – Ausdruck seines per- und Überarbeitung vergangener Sti- sönlichen Lebensgefühls. Zeitgenos- le. In Finn Juhls Möbeln drückt sich sen beschreiben ihn als einen Men- dagegen Liebe zur Kunst und speziell schen, der das Leben wie eine Cock- zur Bildhauerei aus, über die er sich tailparty nahm. „Ich glaube, die Dä- im Laufe der Jahre profunde Kennt- nen sind jetzt erst reif, um den Hu- nisse aneignete. Mit ihren abstrak- mor zu sehen, der im Pelikan steckt. ten, organischen Linien ähneln seine Damals, 1940, war Möbeldesign eine Aquarellierte Raumskizzen von Finn Sofas und Stühle modernen Skulptu- ernste Angelegenheit," meint Chri- Juhl für das eigene Haus des Möbelde- ren, mit denen sie auch häufig ge- stian Olesen vom Designmuseum in signers in Charlottenlund bei Kopenha- meinsam ausgestellt wurden. Inspi- Kopenhagen. gen (Abbildung: Designmuseum Dan- ration fand Juhl in den Plastiken von Die meisten seiner Entwürfe waren mark/Pernille Klemp) Henry Moore, Hans Arp, Barbara zunächst für Finn Juhls Eigenheim Hepworth und Erik Thomesen. Un- konzipiert. Der Designer träumte da- Konstruktionszeichnung für den Arm- verkennbar ist dieser Einfluss in ei- von, jeden Gegenstand in seiner per- lehner FJ45 aus dem Jahr 1945 (Foto: nem seiner frühesten Entwürfe, dem sönlichen Umgebung selbst zu kreie- Designmuseum Danmark) „Pelikan"-Sessel von 1940. Mit ihm ren. „Wenn ich es vor meinem Ab- brach Juhl ein ungeschriebenes Ge- gang von dieser Welt schaffe, das Der „Pelikan"-Sessel, entworfen von Finn setz seiner Zeitgenossen: Polsterun- von mir selbst entworfene Haus mit Juhl 1940, sorgte auf der Jahresausstel- gen waren bei den Kreativen der Mo- von mir gestalteten Möbeln, Teppi- lung der Kopenhagener Tischlergilde für derne verpönt, sie verwischten die chen, Gardinen, Armaturen, Geschirr, Furore. An ein „müdes Walross" fühlten Linien. Prompt erntete der Designer Silberwaren usw. zu füllen, habe ich sich Kritiker bei seinem Anblick erinnert. nichts als Spott: Der Sessel ähnle ei- ein wirkliches Ziel erreicht", schrieb Seit einiger Zeit wird er wieder herge- nem müden Walross, meinten seine er 1950 in einem Begleitheft zu einer stellt, zu haben ist er ab 4.385 Euro Kritiker. Aller Ablehnung zum Trotz Ausstellung. Es blieb eine persönli- (Foto: Onecollection) kündigte sich mit diesem Sitzmöbel che Utopie. Beim Durchstreifen von ein stilistischer Umschwung im dä- Juhls Haus entdeckt man so manche 26_33_Finn_Juhl 12.11.2012 14:30 Uhr Seite 5 DESIGN 29 Den „Bwana"-Sessel entwarf Finn Juhl 1962, hergestellt wurde er von France & Søn. Dieses Paar wurde 2009 von Chri- stie’s in New York für 27.500 Dollar ver- kauft (Foto: Christie’s) Höchstpreise erzielen jene frühen Stü- cke von Finn Juhl, die in den 1940er-Jah- ren in der Werkstatt von Niels Vodder ausgeführt wurden – wie dieses Set aus drei Teak-Armlehnstühlen der Modell- Nummer 45. Bei einer Auktion von Chri- stie’s in New York erzielte es 2008 einen Preis von 30.000 Dollar (Foto: Christie’s) Für den amerikanischen Möbelherstel- ler Baker entwarf Finn Juhl 1951 dieses anheimelnde Plauder-Sofa. Auch dieses Stück ist als Re-Edition wieder zu haben, es kostet ab 10.699 Euro (Foto: Onecol- lection) „Fremdlinge": Lampen von Arne Ja- cobsen und Vilhelm Lauritzen oder einen Teppich der Textildesignerin Anna Thommesen. BAHNBRECHENDE ENTWÜRFE Mag sein, dass ihn Zeitmangel von der Verfolgung seines persönlichen Konzepts abhielt, denn als Möbel- designer und Innenarchitekt war der Däne in den 1940er- und 50er-Jahren sehr aktiv und gefragt. Bahnbre- chend wurden seine Stuhl-Entwürfe: Im Modell FJ45, entstanden 1945, be- freite Juhl erstmals Sitz- und Rücken- lehne von der Rahmenkonstruktion und erzielte damit diese für ihn typi- sche Leichtigkeit. Die Trennung der einzelnen Möbel-Elemente machte er auch bei seinen Schreibtisch-Kon- struktionen zum Prinzip: Das Schub- laden-Element scheint unter der Platte des „Nyhavn"-Schreibtisches
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