K. SREENIVASA REDDY SURVEY NO. 194, CHINNAHYTA VILLAGE, HOLAGUNDA MANDAL, KURNOOL DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN (OPEN CAST QUARTZ AND FELDSPAR MINE – 10.00 Ha)
SUBMITTED BY STUDIES AND DOCUMENTATION BY Sri. K. SREENIVASA REDDY TEAM Labs and Consultants 8-1-329/1, 501, (MoE&F O.M. - S. NO: 25, List A-1) My Home rainbow Apt, B-115, 116,117 & 509, Annapurna Block, Shaikpet, Tolichowki, Aditya Enclave, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500008 Hyderabad-500 038 Mobile No: +91 77308 66688 Phone: 040-23748 555/616, Email: Tele fax: 040-23748666 [email protected] Email: [email protected]
SUBMITTED TO STATE LEVEL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY, ANDHRA PRADESH,
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
1.0 Introduction This report discusses the management plan for mitigation/abatement of adverse environmental impacts and enhancement of beneficial impacts due to mining. The EMP has been designed within the framework of various legislative and regulatory requirements on environmental and socio-economic aspects. Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy proposes to conduct semi mechanized opencast method of quarrying for Quartz extraction in an area of 10.0 ha in Survey No. 194, Chinnahyta Village, Holagunda Mandal, Kurnool District, Andhra Pradesh State. Mine lease proceedings issued by asst director of mine and geology, Kurnool, proceeding number 265/M4/2009, dt. 30.08.2011 for a period of 20 years. The lease will expire on 29.08.2031. Mining Scheme was approved by the Deputy Director of Mines and Geology vide Letter No.2025/MS-KNL/2016, dt.25.11.2016. The proposed production of Quartz is 653743 tons/annum. Capital proposed for the quarrying is Rs. 50 Lakhs. Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy is conscious of its environmental responsibility towards the society in minimizing the pollution load due to this project and accordingly decided to carry out the Environment Management Plan. The objective of preparing environment management plan is to delineate effective measures to control and to mitigate the environmental pollution. This report presents the environment management plan, detailing the environmentally sound technology and the measures needed to contain and mitigate the anticipated environmental impacts due to the project. 1.1 Quartz and its uses Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in the Earth's continental crust. Its crystal structure is a continuous framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedral, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedral, giving an overall chemical formula of SiO2. Uses Changes proposed in the use of mineral, if any, with reasons: No changes are observed in specifications of Quartz. The Quartz lumps with be supplied to the Iron and Steel, Glass, Ceramic and Foundry industries located in and around in the state. Changes in the specification, if any, imposed by the user industries: As per the specifications
1-1 Team Labs and Consultants Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan mentioned in approved mining plan, the mineral will be supplied to Iron& Steel, Glass, Ceramic and Foundry industries located in and around the state. Efforts made for utilization of the sub-grade mineral including fines: The sub - grade mineral will be treated as waste because it does not have any market value present. 1.2 Mining Method The mining will be opencast semi mechanized method of mining with height if bench of 6 m is proposed. Drilling and blasting will be required for quartz. The quartz and waste are removed by hydraulic sholve/wheel loaders and loaded into tippers and total ROM is transported to plant. 1.3 Mine Location Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy proposes to conduct semi mechanized open cast quarrying for Quartz production of 653743 tons/annum. The quarry lease area of 10.0 ha is located at Survey No. 194, Chinnahyta Village, Holagunda Mandal, Kurnool District, Andhra Pradesh State. The quarry lease area falls in the Survey of India topo sheet no. D43F3 (57 E/03) with co-ordinates of Latitude 15° 29'21"N and Longitude 77°05'5"E with an elevation of 431-468 m. The nearest village is Chinnahyati located at a distance of 0.6 km from the QL area in SE direction. The nearest town Adoni located at a distance of 24 km in NE direction. Chinnahyati to Holagunda Village road is passing adjacent to lease area. Holagunda - Adoni Road is passing at a distance of 2.7 km in NW direction. Nearest Railway station is Adoni RS at a distance of 25 kms in NE direction. There are three reserve forests in the study area. Holagunda reserve forest is at a distance of 1.6 km in SE direction Kanchagarabelagallu reserve forest is at a distance of 3.8 km in NW direction and Neraniki reserve forest is at a distance of 7.4 km in NE direction. Hagri or Vedavati River is at a distance of 8.3 km in SW direction. Tungabhadra Right bank Low level Canal is at a distance of 3.9 km in SW direction. Karnataka – Andhra Pradesh interstate boundary is at a distance of 6.7 km in NW direction. There is no national park, wildlife/bird sanctuary and critically polluted areas within 10km radius from the quarry lease area. Quarry lease location map is presented in Figure 1.1. Details of the quarry lease area are presented in Table 1.1. The lease area is bounded by following Geo coordinates
1-2 Team Labs and Consultants Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan
S.No Latitude, N Longitude, E A 150 29' 16.2'' 770 05' 18.5'' B 150 29' 13.6'' 770 05' 18.2'' C 150 29' 17.3'' 770 04' 55.5'' D 150 29' 18.2'' 770 04' 55.3'' E 150 29' 20.3'' 770 04' 56.7'' F 150 29' 20.7'' 770 04' 56.9'' G 150 29' 23.0'' 770 04' 57.5'' H 150 29' 19.6'' 770 05' 14.9'' I 150 29' 17.3'' 770 05' 14.8''
Table 1.1 Details of the Lease area Sy. No./ Area in Ownership of State & District Mandal Village Plot No. hectares occupancy Andhra Pradesh Holagunda Chinnahyta 194 10.0 Govt. Land & Kurnool
1.4 Land use pattern of the lease area The quarry lease area is a hillock raised about 57 m above ground level. Object area is exposed Quartz surroundings cover by vegetation. Table 1.2 Land use in Lease Area S. No Purpose Extent (Ha) 1 Area under quarrying 5.29 2 Waste dump area 1.00 3 Road 0.40 4 Infrastructure(Office, rest shelter) 0.40 5 Green belt 0.51 6 Stock yard 0.40 7 Vacant 2.00 Total 10.0
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Figure 1.1 Location map of Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy quarry lease
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Figure 1.2 Quarry Lease Area of Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy
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2.0 Topography The lease area consist part of a hilltop and slopes, which is elongated in East west direction and raising to a height about 55 m from normal ground level the Mine lease area belongs to rocky terrain it does not have any vegetation. The surrounding lands located around the hill are being used for agricultural. The maximum elevation of this hillock from general ground level is 55m. the heighest and lowest elevation in the Ml area are 485 and 430 m from the benchmark of 430 m. 3.0 Regional Geology Regionally the area belongs to granites and granitic gnesiss of varying colours. These are melanocratic in nature and generally exhibits porphyritic texture in addition to coarse grained texture. These granites are traversed by fracture filling of quartz veins and intrusive of Dolerite dyke. When observed locally, they reflect variation in thickness of the quartz veins. 3.1 Geology of the area The quartz vein is formed in the subject area within the granitic gneiss. The quartz vein is trending in east west direction and exposed along the hill top and dipping vertically. The lenghth o the quartz vein is about 650 m and width is about 40 m – 50 m and extending further east along the strike direction between RL 485 m to 440 m. the country rock (granitic gneiss) is well exposed at lower reaches in foot hill of the outside area. Quartz The quartz exposed in this area is granular to semi granular variety. It has fine to medium size, it is brown to white in colour. But at same places it appears in reddish brown due to surface weathering. Granite gneiss Granitic is exposed as big hill with in 500 m distance from the lease area on southern side and no out crops of gneiss are seen with in the area. 4.0 Exploration It is working mine. During last plan period, the mine is operated by manual method of mining using digging tools and occasional drilling and blasting with jack hammer. The average bench height is 6m and width of the bench is 6m with slope of 600. Now for higher production is envisaged, semi mechanized mining method is proposed to be adopted during ensuring
1-6 Team Labs and Consultants Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan mining scheme period. The production achieved in previous years presented below
Year Production, tones 2011-2012 2000 2012-2013 3000 2013-2014 5000 2014-2015 5000 2015-2016 5000 Total 200000
5.0 Estimation and Calculation Of Geological Reserves The estimation of ore reserves have been made based on present mine working pits and drilled bore hole (DTH type) data considered. The working pit towards southeren side of lease area, the size of the pit is around 160 m length, 20m in depth and 8 m depth covering 2 benches with a an average height of 2m to 4m. Total 6 no of vertical gore holes (DTH ) have been drilled in the area depth ranging fom 40 m to 80 m with total meterage of calculations, the bulk density of quartz and intercalculated have been considered as 2.5 tonnes/m3 and 2.0 tonnes/cum. The recovery of quartz is 95 % and reaming 5 % is inter calculated waste has seen from the pit as well as bore hole drilled. The reserves considered for G1 category. Proved reserves are considered up to depth of the bore drilled and probable reserves are considered 10 m below the proved reserves. Table 1.3 Shows category wise Insitu Geological Reserves of Quartz.
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Table 1.3 Reserves Estimation Proved X Section X - section Recovery Qty X-section area, m2 influence, m Volume, m3 of Ore, 95 % @ 2.5 t/m3 AA' 2413 105 253365 240697 601742 BB' 2528 100 252800 240160 600400 CC' 2238 100 223800 212610 531525 CC' 3789 100 378900 359955 899888 EE' 4450 100 445000 422750 1056875 FF' 2543 120 305160 289902 724755 Total 4415184 Probable X Section X - section Recovery Qty X-section area, m2 influence, m Volume, m3 of Ore, 95 % @ 2.5 t/m3 AA' 501 105 52605 49975 124937 BB' 518 100 51800 49210 123025 CC' 550 100 55000 52250 130625 CC' 569 100 56900 54055 135138 EE' 592 100 59200 56240 140600 FF' 458 120 54960 52212 130530 Total 784854
Mineable Reserves
Category Quartz, Tons Under UNFC Proved 3843997 111 Probable 442201 122 4286198
Blocked reserves under 7.5 m buffer zone
Proved X Section X - section Recovery of X-section Volume, m3 Qty @ 2.5 t/m3 area, m2 influence, m Ore, 95 % AA' 20 105 2100 1995 4988 BB' 180 100 18000 17100 42750 CC' 315 100 31500 29925 74813 CC' 693 100 69300 65835 164588 EE' 722 100 72200 68590 171475 FF' 395 120 47400 45030 112575
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Total 571188 Probable X Section X – section Recovery of X-section area, m2 influence, m Volume, m3 Ore, 95 % Qty @ 2.5 t/m3 AA' 123 105 12915 12269 30673 BB' 173 100 17300 16435 41088 CC' 219 100 21900 20805 52013 CC' 312 100 31200 29640 74100 EE' 318 100 31800 30210 75525 FF' 243 120 29160 27702 69255 Total 342653 Total Mineable Reserves
Proved X Section X - section Volume, Recovery Qty @ 2.5 t/m3 X-section area, m2 influence, m m3 of Ore, 95 % AA' 2393 105 251265 238702 596754 BB' 2348 100 234800 223060 557650 CC' 1923 100 192300 182685 456713 CC' 3096 100 309600 294120 735300 EE' 3728 100 372800 354160 885400 FF' 2148 120 257760 244872 612180 Total 3843997 Probable X Section X – section Volume, Recovery Qty @ 2.5 t/m3 X-section area, m2 influence, m m3 of Ore, 95 % AA' 378 105 39690 37706 94264 BB' 345 100 34500 32775 81938 CC' 331 100 33100 31445 78613 CC' 257 100 25700 24415 61038 EE' 274 100 27400 26030 65075 FF' 215 120 25800 24510 61275 Total 442201
Reserves and resources
Category Quartz, tons Under UNFC Grade Proved 3843997 111 Probable 442201 122 Resource Blocked 913841 221 +99 % SiO2 Total 5200039
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Life of the Mine S.No. Particulars Reserves Quartz (MT) 1 Total Mineable Reserves 5200039 2 Blocked Reserves 913841 3 Depletion of Reserves 20000 4 Mineable Reserves 4286198 5 Average Production of Quartz 653743
Life of the Mine 6.55 or say 7 years
6.0 Mining The Mining is proposed to continue in semi-mechanized mining method on single shift basis. 7m height and minimum 4m wide benches with 60° will be maintained. The rock broken is shoveled down to the main haulage benches for further sizing and sorting. The finished product is stacked on the 6m benches and dispatched to the consumer, using trucks/tippers. Excavation work and loading of waste will be carried out using a small excavator, pick axes and crow bars or by using a dozer. The waste will be removed manually and transported to the dumping area by tippers. The pegmatite and waste host rock will be blasted using jack hammer drilling and blasting and a tractor mounted compressor shall be used for development work. Tippers will be used for transportation purpose. It is proposed to raise about 653743 tons of Quartz per annum. 7.0 List of Machinery S.No Type Nos. 1 Tippers – 17 tons 10 2 Wheel loaders – 0.6 m3 1 3 Hydraulic excavators / rock breakers – 2.0 m3 1 4 Compressor tractor mounted compressor – 350 cfm 1 5 Wagon drills BVB 25 – 112 mm 1 6 Water tanker – 5 KL 2
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8.0 Loading Equipment The scooped and collected Mineral will be loaded directly into tippers Excavator/ Loader. 9.0 Employment Potential The Management and Supervisory personnel will be 5. About 30 no’s of labourers area required to be appointed in the mine. Table 1.4 Employment Potential S.No. Designation Proposed potential 1. Mines Manager 1 2. Mine Supervisor 4 3. Semi skilled labour 10 4. Un skilled Labour 20 Total 35 10.0 Scheme development and production It is proposed to produce the quartz from southern side of the mining lease area and advances southeast wards and in depth by 6 m. 10.1 Year wise Development Year Wise Proposed Production for quartz is given in table 1.5. Table 1.5 Year wise Production and Waste generation for Quartz Inter calculated X X Recovery Qty x Volume, waste Year section influence, Of @ section m3 volume *.05 are, m2 m Ore 95% 2.5 t/m3 *2 t/m3 2016-2017 DD' 1736 100 173600 164920 412300 17360 Total 412300 17360 2017-2018 BB' 1815 100 181500 172425 431063 18150 Total 431063 18150 2018-2019 AA' 1754 105 184170 174961.5 437404 18417 Total 437404 18417 2019-2020 EE' 2353 100 235300 223535 558838 23530 Total 558838 23530 2020-2021 CC' 1213 100 121300 115235 288088 12130 FF' 1283 120 153960 146262 365655 15396 Total 653743 27526 Grand Total 2493346 104983 Average 498669 20996
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Production and waste generation Inter Calculated Total Waste Year Quartz Pure Waste Waste in Quantity, Tons Quartz 2016-2017 412300 80800 17360 98160 2017-2018 431063 205200 18150 223350 2018-2019 437404 68880 18417 87297 2019-2020 558838 147200 23530 170730 2020-2021 653743 298400 27526 325926 Total 2493346 800480 104983 905463
11.0 Drilling The pegmatite and waste host rock will be blasted using jack hammer drilling and blasting & a tractor mounted compressor shall be used for development work. 11.1 Blasting Parameters Drilling is proposed to be operated with 1 wagon drill and 1 compressor. During scheme period, the total handling estimation is about 653743 tons ore (max) and 325926 tones waste (max) = 976669 tons shall require drilling and blasting. Drilling shall be done using 3.5 m x 4.0 m burden and spacing
Depth of hole = 7 m Spacing = 4m Burden = 3.5m Bulk density = 2.5 t/m3 No. of holes /annum = 3.5 m x 4m x 7m x 2.5 t/cum = 245 tons Therefore rock broken / m = 245/7 m =35 tons/m Drilling meterage required / annum = 979669/35=27990m 27990/300 days = 93 m/day so 1 Therefore drilling required per day = wagon drill will be sufficient
Blasting
Burden x spacing x depth x bulk density = 3.5 x 4.5 x 7 2.5
Total maximum material requires drilling and blasting = 979669 tons
Quantity broken / hole = 3.5x 4 x 7 x 2.5 =245 tones
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No of holes required = 3999 nos/annum
Powder factor = 7 t/kg
Therefore, charge per hole = 245/7 =35 kg
The distribution of high explosive required @ 7 t/kg powder factor = 979669/7
=13953 kgs
ANFO @ 80 % = 139953 x .8 = 11196 kgs
Booster @ 20 % = 139953 x .2 = 27991 kgs
High explosives of slurry cartridge of 100 mm shall be used as a prime charge. This forms 20 % of the total charge, the balance 80 % being ammoumium nitrate fuel oil mixture.
11.2 Site services It is proposed to provide the site services like mine office and other statutory constructions like rest shelter, first aid, work shed and drinking water as required at the quarry lease area. Drinking water will be supplied to the workers from the bore well opened in the adjacent agricultural field or from nearby village. 12.0 Water requirement Water requirement is mainly for drinking purpose, domestic purpose, green belt maintaining and for sprinkling on Mine haulage roads the water shall be drawn from nearby village. The domestic waste water shall be sent to septic tank followed by soak pit. Rainwater Catch Pond of 5 KL capacity will be provided to collect the storm water for reuse. This will ensure that the rainwater is effectively used and minimizes the drawl of ground water resources. The water requirement is presented in table 1.6. Table 1.6 Water Requirement S. No Water Usage Quantity KLD 1 Wet drilling operation 10.0 2 Water sprinkling on haul roads 4.6 3 Domestic @ 45 Ltr/Head (35No’s) 1.4 4 Green Belt – 2 times a day 2 Total 18
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13.0 Environment Management Plan Environmental protection is an issue that no organization can neglect and hope to survive. The products of civilization are being dumped upon the environment to a degree that the environment finds difficult to assimilate. The key to the success of the integrated approach to pollution prevention and control is the management and operation of the organization. Effective committed management delivers a successful operation. As total commitment to the environment, not just for compliance with legal or regulatory compliance will be the essence of environment management. Many companies have recognized the benefits of implementing an effective environmental management system. Environmental management plan can be effectively implemented to mitigate the pollution levels by observing the following: a. Pollution will be prevented or reduced at the source b. Pollution that cannot be prevented will be recycled in an environmentally safe manner. c. Pollution that cannot be prevented or recycled will be treated in environmentally safe manner and d. Disposal and other releases into the environment will be used only as a last resort and will be conducted in an environmentally safe manner. The proposed project is Quartz mine. The mine owners are aware of the adverse impacts due to the mining activity and propose to initiate a number of measures for the environment protection within the mine area and in the surrounding areas. The company has a stated environmental policy of ensuring regulatory compliance with respect to the statutory laws and regulations and those periodically issued by the Ministry of Environment, GOI, New Delhi, CPCB, New Delhi and State Pollution Control Board. 13.1 Sources of Pollution and Control Measures The sources of pollution are air and noise from the proposed activity mainly from Mining, drilling, Blasting and transportation of mineral. Waste material generation, dumping and restoration. 13.1.1 Air pollution and its control The Quartz quarrying does not involve much dust formation. The dust would be generated
1-14 Team Labs and Consultants Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan during drilling, smooth blasting, quarrying and also during handling and transportation of the material. The dust anticipated at drilling place will be suppressed by putting cloth around the hole. Use of sharp drill pits for drilling holes and drills with water flushing systems (wet drilling) to reduce dust generation. Water spraying to be adopted at Faces/sites before and after blasting, Faces/sites while loading. Over charging of blast holes should be avoided. Personal protective equipments like nose mask and goggles etc will be provided to the workers. Regular water spraying on haul roads during transportation of mineral and waste by water sprinklers. Over loading of transport equipments should be avoided to prevent spillage. Also, measures such as covering tarpaulin over the loaded material will prevent spreading of dust particles from the trucks. Speed controls on vehicle movements to limited speed. Wind reduction control by plantation. Over burden dump has reached the optimum size, it will covered with top soil and water will spread on top soil and grass will be developed on the dump. Limiting the height and slope of the stockpiles can also reduce wind speed. Regular checking and maintenance of vehicles should be conducted and pollution under control certificate be obtained. Periodical monitoring of ambient air quality will helps to take steps to control the pollutants. 13.1.2 Noise pollution and its control The major source of noise pollution is due to drilling of drill holes, machinery, smooth blasting and vehicular movement. Blasting operations will be carried out only during daytime so as to avoid high noise intensity in night time. Noise barriers in the form of trees are provided to attenuate the noise levels and green belt of 6 m width shall be developed to mitigate propagation of noise. Protective equipment to reduce the noise levels like ear muffs and other protective devices will be provided to the staff working near noise generating sources like drill machine operators and dumper drivers. Training would be imparted to mine personnel to generate awareness about the damaging effects of noise. The transport activity shall be restricted to day time to reduce impact on habitation. The engines of the tractors shall be switched off during loading operation, and shall be periodically maintained to ensure low noise levels. Proper maintenance of the equipment will also reduce the noise.
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14.0 Occupational Safety and Health Health and safety aspects of the mine will be taken care off as per the World Bank (WB) guidelines on open pit mining. The guidelines provide the detailed information on the aspects that are required to be taken into account for maintaining proper health and safety issues. The workers continuously exposed to dust will be provided with protective devices like dust mask to prevent respiratory disorders. The workers continuously exposed to a high noise will be provided with ear muffs/ earplugs. Green belt in and around the mining area will be developed to attenuate noise and dust impact. The blasting carried out in the mine area will be carefully planned and executed under the supervision of a responsible officer, to avoid any accidents. Provisions of rest shelter for mine workers with facility of drinking water supply for the employees will be provided by the project authority. The standard of the drinking water will be per WHO guidelines. Periodical training programme to inform the employees about their task, associated risk, and safe working practices will be undertaken. Conduct of mock drill, Safe storage & handling of explosives. Training will also include information on accident prevention, proper control and maintenance of equipment and safe material handling practices. Awareness on safety and ensure using of personal protective equipments (PPE) by workers. Regular maintenance and testing of equipments will be done. A regular monitoring of the Occupational Health and Safety will reduce the chances of accidents in the mine. Records of job related accidents and illness should be maintained. This information will be reviewed and evaluated to improve the effectiveness of Environmental Health and Safety programme. Occupational Safety and Health to Control Dust Inhalation Very little dust is expected to be generated during mining and does not affect the environment. However while drilling, wet drilling will be practiced. It is a small scale mining activity and not much vehicular movement is expected. All the above precautions would be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and to be dispersed in the outside environment. However, for the safety of workers at site, engaged at the strategic locations/dust generation points like drills, loading & unloading points dust masks would be provided. Dust masks would prevent inhalation of RSPM thereby reducing the risk of lung diseases and other respiratory disorders. Regular health monitoring of
1-16 Team Labs and Consultants Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan workers will be carried out. 14.1 Occupational Safety and Health to Control Exposure to Noise Blasting will be done using non delay detonators to reduce vibrations, and the amount of explosive used will also be less at a time. There will not be heavy earth moving machinery which may create some noise pollution. Thus the vibration and noise will be well controlled within permissible limits. To protect the workers from exposure to high levels of noise, following measures would be adopted: Provision of protective devices like ear muffs/ear plugs to workers who cannot be isolated from the source of high intensity noise, e.g. blasting; Reducing the exposure time of workers to the higher noise levels by shift management. Smooth blasting techniques, special explosives and silent non-explosive demolishing agent will be used. Muffed blasting and use of Milli-second detonators will help in reducing the noise pollution. 14.2 Control of Ground Vibration & Fly Rock generation In this area the applicant proposes to deploy blasting with less quantity of non-explosives. There will not be any impact on surroundings, as there are less blasting and intended to use low power explosives in this mine. It is a small scale mine and only limited No. of holes are blasted. Ground vibrations due to blasting and its impact on various mine structures, should be studied in details when the mine becomes operational, especially the charge per delay factor. General measures to reduce ground vibration & fly rocks resulting from blasting are given below: Blasting should be carried out in the daytime, as during the night time the sound intensity becomes higher; Blasting should not be carried out when strong winds are blowing towards the inhabited areas; Maximum permissible charge per delay should be decided on the basis of the distance of structure to be protected from the blasting.
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The number of rows in a blast should not be more than four so that fly rock generation and ground vibration is reduced.
Peak particle velocity or ground vibrations for safety of nearby structures and residential buildings should be well within 12.5 mm/sec; To contain fly rocks, stemming column should not be less than the burden of the hole, and the blasting area should be muffled; Each blast should be carefully planned, checked, and executed under the supervision of a responsible officer. Blasting data/observations should be recorded; and As per the mining plan, in order to ensure slope stabilization, controlled production blasting shall be adopted to avoid tension cracks and back breaks. Such cracks may get filled with water, which reduces the stability of excavated slopes and the angle of slopes. 15.0 Water Quality Management The operation of the mine will not generate any appreciable quantity of liquid waste. The ground water table in this belt is 25 m below form the surface and the quarrying will be done on top of hill. Maximum depth of the quarry will be 20 m from surface. Flooding by ground water is not anticipated. However during rainy months, there is a possibility of wet conditions developing in the working pit this will be minimized, if not altogether eliminated, by adopting simple techniques like digging trenches all round to drain off rainwater and preventing surface run off from entering and flooding working pit. The water from the pits will be pumped by deploying suitable pumps, if and when required, the mine drainage can be effectively managed and the pit kept dry to keep up the production schedule. 15.1 Water Resources In this area water table is at greater depth of 25 m BGL. There are no wells or springs in the area. Hence there will not be adverse effect on ground water due to quarrying. The daily water requirement for the mine operations would be approximately 18 KLD. Water sprinkling on mine haulage roads etc shall consume 4.6 KLD. Wet drilling operations consume about 10 KLD. For green belt development water consumption is about 2 KLD. Domestic purpose is about 1.4 KLD. The drinking water is to be sourced from nearby village through tankers and rainwater collected will be used for sprinkling, green belt development and etc. The
1-18 Team Labs and Consultants Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan generation of wastewater from domestic sources is expected to be approximately 1.1 KLD, which will be sent to septic tank followed by soak pit. 15.2 Water Management Following measures will be adopted to mitigate the impact on the water resources: The blasting activities will have to take care on the sinkholes, cracks and fissures in the site activities. During excavation and drilling activities effort must be taken to avoid face collapse at these cracks and fissures. To prevent surface water contamination by oil/grease, leak proof containers shall be used for storage and transportation of oil/grease. The floors of oil/grease handling area will be kept effectively impervious. To prevent degradation and maintain the water quality during rainy season, adequate control measures should be adopted to check the mine run-off into the natural streams. 15.3 Catchment Area Treatment Plan A catchment area treatment plan has been developed keeping in mind the results of the hydrology/ hydrogeology of the area and the climate data. As there are no perennial water sources running on or through the site, the mine water discharge is limited to the monsoon season only. To keep water from entering the mine during this period, a garland drain will be developed along the mine’s top bench, which will bend to guide the water to the nearest natural surface drain. In terms of water quality, good mining practices are planned, additionally the natural state of surrounding areas, should ensure that rain water run-off from the mine does not contain any toxic elements. As the site has no overburden, potential discharge of sediments is quite limited and any residual particles which are washed down will be captured by a sump located at the lowest bench. The sump will be cleaned regularly and discharge water monitored consistently. If required, based on monitoring, an additional catch pit can be located at the main garland drain. The sump proposed in the bottom bench will be designed based on the peak discharge and will be expanded over a period of time to accommodate the increasing quantum of water discharge. Presently, the capacity of the sump is designed to hold the entire quantum of
1-19 Team Labs and Consultants Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan peak discharge water for more than 10 minutes. The garland drain shall be provided surrounding the mine area. Garland drain and siltation pond need to be constructed of appropriate size to arrest silt and sediment flows from soil and mineral dumps. The water so collected will be utilised for watering the mine area, roads, green belt development etc. The drain should be regularly desilted and maintained. The garland drain (size, gradient and length) and sump capacity will be designed keeping 50% safety margin over and above the peak sudden rainfall and maximum discharge in the area adjoining the mine site. Sump capacity should also provide adequate retention period to provide proper settling of silt material. The surface water around the mine, and infrastructure will be regularly tested and appropriate control measures adopted in case of any pollutant is detected above the prescribed limits. 16.0 Waste Management plan The quartz is exposed on the surface. During plan period about total volume of 1705943 tons. In this total volume about 905463 will go as intermediate waste. Waste material will be used for backfilling mined out pit, road construction. 17.0 Dump Area Total of 905463 tons of waste will be generated during this scheme period. Part of waste produced will be dumped over an area of 0.8 ha and a part of waste will be used for backfilling of mined over pits. 18.0 Land Management Land degradation is one of the major adverse impacts of opencast mining in the form of excavated voids and also in the form of waste dumps. Land reclamation plan must be implemented simultaneously with the mining activities. 18.1 Land Reclamation Reclamation already started and going on concurrently with mining operation. 18.1.1 Soil Conservation Measures Top soil, if any will be properly stacked at earmarked dump site with adequate measures and the same will be used for reclamation and rehabilitation of the mined out areas. Topsoil will not used for refilling, but may be sparingly used for plantation purpose. To prevent soil
1-20 Team Labs and Consultants Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan erosion and wash-off of dump-fines from freshly excavated benches and dumps following measures shall be adopted: Garland drains will be provided around the mine wherever required to arrest any soil from the mine area being carried away by the rain water; Toe drains with suitable baffles will be provided all along the toe of the soil dumps to arrest any soil from the dump slopes being carried away by the rain water; Loose material slopes will be covered by mineation by making contour trenches at 5 m interval to check soil erosion both due to wind and rain; Retaining walls (concrete or local stone) will be provided, around the stockpile or wherever required, to support the benches or any loose material as well as to arrest sliding of loose debris. 19.0 House Keeping Proper housekeeping and cleanliness will be maintained in the infrastructure facilities. Wet mopping will be adopted to conserve water. Sign boards will be provided in the work areas and the road and building highlighting the safety and occupational aspects. 20.0 Transport Systems Village road is passing adjacent to lease area. Holagunda - Adoni Road is passing at a distance of 2.7 km in NW direction. Nearest Railway station is Adoni at a distance of 25 kms in NE direction. The finished product and waste material is transported by road using trucks of 17 Tons capacity. The number of trips will be approximately 130 per day for transportation of mineral and the trucks are covered with tarpaulin. The lessee will deploy one tipper to transport the finished product, waste blocks, unfinished and finished blocks from quarry site to yard and trucks to transport sized dimensional blocks from yard to destination. Cranes will do the loading of blocks. The materials while transporting do not pose any hazard. Sufficient parking facilities will be provided for vehicles loading and unloading of material. Safety signs will be displayed inside and outside the mine to avoid road accidents. 21.0 Environmental Greening Program Environmental greening program is an important component of the Environment Management Plan and is an imperative requirement for sink of air pollutants including noise as per the guidelines issued by the Ministry of Environment and forests, Govt. of India.
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Conceptualization, design and implementation of the proposed activity, taking into account the specific requirement of the proposed mining activity and the site conditions are presented. Green cover in mining area not only help in reducing pollution level, but also improves the ecological conditions and prevent soil erosion to great extent. It further improves the aesthetics and beneficially influences the microclimate of the surrounding. Every year about it is proposed to plant 50 sapling. By the end of these lease period about 0.51ha of lease area will be under afforestration. The environmental greening program as designed comprises the location and development of a shelterbelt and Afforestation in about 0.51ha. The shelterbelt will contain species, which act as windbreakers so that the environment within the mine is contained; the planting of different species in rows is envisaged in general in the greenbelt. A dedicated cell in the mine should be established for post plantation care, which include, regular watering, manuring, protective measures etc. Diseased and dead plants should be uprooted and replaced by fresh saplings. Regular monitoring on survival rate and remedial action should be done in an organized and planned manner. 22.0 Socio-economic Environment The project provides an opportunity for the local people to get employment directly or indirectly and helps in the upliftment of the socioeconomic status of the area. The proposed project would generate an employment of 35. The local inhabitants of the area live in the villages surrounding the mine area and their main occupation is Agriculture. In a small way they rear cattle and sheep for sustenance. The mining activity in this belt will benefit the locals both directly and indirectly. The direct beneficiaries will be those who get employed in the mines as skilled and un-skilled workers. The indirect beneficiaries will be those who open small business to sell goods required by the residents whose “Per Capita” income will be enhanced by the mining activity, and thereby their purchasing power. In the long run a lot of social good is expected in the comparatively backward area when the inhabitants will be able to send their children to school. The change, though slow, is bound to be perceptible. The management will involve in social activities of stakeholders/surrounding community by planning the betterment of neighboring social conditions through awareness and welfare programs to ensure an improved relation, useful in the long run. Many of the beneficiaries of
1-22 Team Labs and Consultants Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan such programs will include own employees as well. The goodwill of the local populace can never be ignored. It is proposed to supply drinking water and medical facilities to the villagers. The management will also support for vocational training and assistance in utilizing government programs. The channels employed may vary either through direct contact or by means of local organizations. Another important facet of social environment identified by the project proponents is a green appearance; hence the management will develop a green belt towards aesthetic beautification as the same is necessary to be considered as a responsible, social neighbour. 23.0 Disaster Planning The mining operation shall be carried out under the management control and direction of a qualified mines manager holding a Second class manager’s certificate of competency to manage a metalliferous mine granted by Director General of mines safety (DGMS). DGMS have been issuing a number of standing orders and circulars to be followed by the mine management in case of disaster, if any. Moreover mining staff would be sent to refresher courses from time to time to keep them abreast of the regulations. However following natural/ quarrying hazards may occur during normal operation Slope failure at the mine faces; Accident due to explosives; Accident due to heavy equipment/machinery; Sabotage in case of magazine; and Accidents due to fly rocks and boulders. In order to take care of above hazards/disasters, the following control shall be adopted: All safety precautions and provisions of Metalliferous Mine regulation 1961 are strictly followed during all mining operations; Checking and regular maintenance of garland drains and earthen bunds to avoid any inflow of surface water into mining area; Entry of unauthorized persons shall be prohibited; Fire fighting and first aid provisions in the mines office and mining Area; Provision of all the safety appliances such as safety boots, helmets, dust masks, ear mufflers, goggles etc. would be made available to the employees and regular check to
1-23 Team Labs and Consultants Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan
ensure the use; Training and refresher courses for all the employees working in the hazardous premises; Working of mine as per approved plan, related amendments and other regulatory provisions; Cleaning of mine faces shall be done regularly; Handling of explosives, charging and blasting shall be carried out by competent persons only; Provision of magazine at safe place with fencing and necessary security arrangement; Suppression of dust on the haulage roads by providing water sprinkling. 24.0 Environment Management Cell A Cell for Environmental Management within Mine lease area at the project level, will take the overall responsibility for co-ordination of the actions required for environmental management and mitigation, and for monitoring the progress of the proposed management plans and actions to be taken for the project. The Cell will be under the overall supervision of the Mine Manager, and responsible for monitoring of the implementation of the various actions which are to be executed by the agencies specified in the EMP. The Cell will be headed by Mine Manager and the other members of the cell that will include a Horticulturist. The EMC will prepare a formal report on environmental management and mitigation for the Environmental issues at the Mine, at six-monthly intervals. Reports on any urgent or significant issues may be prepared at shorter intervals. Apart from responsibilities listed above, the EMC will have the responsibility of the following: Collection of water and air samples within and outside the work zone; Analyzing the water and air samples; Implementation of the control and protective measures; Land reclamation and vegetation; Co-ordination of the environment related activities; Collection of the statistics of health of workers; Green belt development; Awareness and implementing safety programmes; and Monitor the progress of implementation of EMP.
1-24 Team Labs and Consultants Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan
24.1 Post Project Monitoring The survey of post project monitoring comprises of the following monitoring aspects; a. Ambient air quality survey b. Noise Level Monitoring c. Water quality monitoring Ambient air quality and noise level Monitoring will be carried out at minimum four stations, two stations within mine site and two stations nearby residential areas outside the mine. Parameters like particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen carbon monoxide and lead will be monitored in case of ambient air quality. Water quality monitoring will be carried out in the mine working area, sump and nearby village. The frequency of monitoring is preferably once in three months on 24 hour basis. The samples will be collected in accordance with the procedures given by CPCB. 24.2 Other Management Aspects Records will be maintained for the analysis of ambient air quality, noise levels and water quality. These records are not only required for the perusal of the Pollution Control Board authorities to take preventive action against the environmental pollution. The management will maintain the records as per the hazardous waste regulations and EPA regulations and apply for the annual consents for air and water, and renewal of authorization for the storage of hazardous waste as per the Hazardous Waste (Handling & Management) Rules, 1989. The records of hazardous waste manifest will be maintained. The mine will obtain the consent for establishment (CFE) and consent for operation (CFO) from State Pollution Control Board as required under section 25/26 of the Water act, 1974 and under section 21/22 of Air Act, 1981, before commissioning and production as directed by the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India. The CFO will be renewed each year by the management in consultation with SPCB. The mine will submit environmental statement every year before September 30. The management ensures that it will comply with all the directions and regulations issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi, State and Central Pollution Control Boards. The Consent for Establishment, Consent for Operation will be displayed in a conspicuous location for the information of the inspecting authorities of different departments.
1-25 Team Labs and Consultants Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan
25.0 Cost proposed for Environmental Protection Measures The cost estimate of environment management is presented in table 1.8. Table 1.8 Environment Management - Cost Estimate Capital S. Recurring Description Item cost Remarks No. cost (Rs.) (Rs.) 1 Air Nose masks 35 No's Once a week. pollution Replaceable, and 33600 3360 cost may increase with time Road wetting @ 1 Water tanker cost Ltr/400 Sq. m. and waste @ one tankers per 247200 74160 dump settling (1/4 of day for 300 days wetting) - 5000 Ltrs tank Plantation on road side - Re-plant the non- 3m interval and buffer surviving plants, zone - 3m interval plus 103750 48417 watering and maintenance protection from animals Sub Total 384550 125937 2 Water Construction of garland Once only for the pollution drains 38000 11400 lease period/life of mine De-silting operations Yearly and manual 5600 1840 operations Construction of check Once in year, cost dams incurred is to buy 19200 8960 sand bags and filling sand Construction of retaining Cost of construction wall for waste dump in of wall around the 20800 7200 slope side dip side of the dump. Sub Total 83600 29400 Noise PPE's like Ear muffs - Rs. Once in six months 3 900 600 pollution 15 each Sub Total 900 600 4 Occupational First aid kits - 3 No's Fire Once in year, Safety and extinguishers - 3 No's replace by 9000 3000 Health conducting periodical checkup
1-26 Team Labs and Consultants Sri K. Sreenivasa Reddy Environment Management Plan
Capital S. Recurring Description Item cost Remarks No. cost (Rs.) (Rs.) PPE's to all employees Safety shoe twice in (hand gloves @ Rs. 30, a year, helmets safety shoe @ Rs. 1500 79700 31880 once in three years and helmet @ Rs. 100) and hand gloves thrice in a year Training and awareness Once in six months programs on risk factors and create sign during emergencies by boards about the 30000 15000 the experts risk and safety precautions regularly Periodical medical Once in a year and checkup and supply of supply of medicines 24000 3600 medicines - Rs. 600 per for every three head months Sub Total 142700 53480 5 Environmental Ambient air quality monitoring studies - Once in six - 13600 months - 2 locations Will be done Water quality studies - through - 3000 Once a year - 2 Locations MoEF&CC/NABL Noise studies - Once in recognised - 4400 six months - 2 Locations laboratories Vibration studies - Once - 7800 in year - 1 locations Sub Total 0 28800 Grand Total 611750 238217
1-27 Team Labs and Consultants K. SREENIVASA REDDY SURVEY NO. 194, CHINNAHYTA VILLAGE, HOLAGUNDA MANDAL, KURNOOL DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH
Studies and Documentation by: Team Labs and Consultants (An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Company) (MoE&F O.M. - S. NO: 25, List A-1) B-115,116,117 & 509, Annapurna Block, Aditya Enclave, Ameerpet, Hyderabad-500 038 Tel: 91-040-23748555, 23748616 Fax: 91-040-23748666. Email: [email protected]