DOCSLIB.ORG

Verbreitung Der Ameisenarten (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Im Linzer Stadtgebiet (Oberösterreich) Und Ihre Bewertung Aus Stadtökologischer Sicht

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Verbreitung Der Ameisenarten (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Im Linzer Stadtgebiet (Oberösterreich) Und Ihre Bewertung Aus Stadtökologischer Sicht © Naturkdl. Station Stadt Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Nat.kdl. Jahrb. Stadt Linz: 44, 1998: 191- 320 191 Im Auftrag des Magistrats der Stadt Linz/ Naturkundliche Station JOHANN AMBACH VERBREITUNG DER AMEISENARTEN (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) IM LINZER STADTGEBIET (OBERÖSTERREICH) UND IHRE BEWERTUNG AUS STADTÖKOLOGISCHER SICHT (71 Abbildungen , 2 Tabellen) Manuskript eingelangt am 17. Dezember 1998 Anschrift des Verfassers: Mag. Johann AMBACH Margarethen 27 4020 Linz DISTRIBUTION OF ANT SPECIES (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) WITHIN THE CITY LIMITS OF LINZ (UPPER AUSTRIA) AND THEIR EVALUATION WITH REFERENCE TO URBAN ECOLOGY SUMMARY From 1992 to 1997 the ant fauna of the entire area of Linz was mapped. The biology , ecology and distribution of the 49 species is shown in detail and compared with the results of former investigations. The presence of the ants in each biotope type is discussed , and in addition the dispersion along an urban gradient, which characterises the increase of urban conditions, is worked out. The value of particular ecological factors to successfully colonise urban biotopes is also discussed. The decrease in the diversity of structural elements as well as disturbances and destruction of nest sites due to gardening and agricultural use are identified as the main reasons for the decline in the number of ant species along the urban gradient. Biotopes of high value are the "Urfahrwänd" oak woods, the alluvial forests of the Traun and Donau, the scattered dry meadows and the free-standing fruit trees. But slowly developed biotopes with high structural diversity in highly populated areas can also have a rich ant community . Measures to protect and support the ant fauna of urban areas are suggested. © Naturkdl. Station Stadt Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at 192 J. AMBACH: Verbreitung der Ameisenarten im Linzer Stadtgebiet. INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 1 Einleitung .................................................................................................................................. 192 2 Das Untersuchungsgebiet .......................................................................................................... 193 2.1 Geographische Lage, Geologie und Klima ............................................................................... 193 Verteilung der Nutzungstypen im Stadtgebiet .......................................................................... 194 3 Methodik ................................................................................................................................... 195 3.1 Vorgangsweise .......................................................................................................................... 195 3.2 Diskussion der Methode ........................................................................................................... 196 4 Die Ameisenarten des Linzer Stadtgebietes ............................................................................. 197 4.1 Vorbemerkungen zur Taxonomie und Zoogeographie der Ameisen ......................................... 197 4.2 Artenzahlen des Stadtgebietes und der untersuchten Quadrate ................................................ 199 4.3 Beschreibungen der Arten und ihrer Verbreitung ..................................................................... 199 4.4 Vergleiche mit früheren Untersuchungen des Linzer Stadtgebietes ......................................... 284 5 Die Ameisengemeinschaften der Linzer Lebensräume ............................................................. 285 5.1 Wälder ...................................................................................................................................... 286 5.2 Kleine Gehölze ......................................................................................................................... 290 5.3 Wiesen ...................................................................................................................................... 290 5.4 Städtische Grünflächen ............................................................................................................. 292 5.5 Brachen ..................................................................................................................................... 294 5.6 Einzelbäume .............................................................................................................................. 295 5.7 Verkehrsflächen und Plätze ...................................................................................................... 297 5.8 Häuser ....................................................................................................................................... 298 5.9 Diverse Kleinstrukturen ............................................................................................................ 298 6 Zusammensetzung und Grundlagen urbaner Ameisengemeinschaften ..................................... 299 6.1 Der urbane Gradient ................................................................................................................. 299 6.2 Artengruppen der einzelnen Urbanitätsstufen ........................................................................... 302 6.3 Vergleiche mit anderen Städten ................................................................................................ 305 6.4 Ursachen für die Zusammensetzung der städtischen Ameisengesellschaften ........................... 305 7 Naturschutzfachliche Folgerungen ............................................................................................ 313 8 Zusammenfassung ..................................................................................................................... 315 9 Danksagung .............................................................................................................................. 316 10 Literatur .................................................................................................................................... 316 1 EINLEITUNG Eine Stadt ist ein Konglomerat aus sehr unterschiedlichen Lebensräumen. Das Spektrum reicht von gänzlich versiegelten Flächen mit nur wenigen natürlichen Strukturen bis zu wert- vollen Naturlandschaftsresten, die oft in Randbereichen noch erhalten sind. Selbst in ihren kargsten Ausprägungen werden diese Biotope noch von relativ vielen Lebewesen besiedelt und es bilden sich typische Gemeinschaften aus. Stadt und Natur schließen einander also nicht grundsätzlich aus. Nachdem das Hauptaugenmerk der Stadtökologie in ihren Anfangsjahren vor allem der Erforschung der Pflanzenwelt gegolten hat, werden in letzter Zeit auch vermehrt faunistische Erhebungen durchgeführt. Daten über Zusammensetzung und spezifische © Naturkdl. Station Stadt Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Nat.kdl. Jahrb. Stadt Linz: 44, 1998: 191 - 320 193 Bedingungen urbaner Lebensgemeinschaften sind zur Entwicklung naturschutzfachlicher Konzepte für die Stadtplanung unerlässlich. Ihr Ziel sollte neben der Erhaltung der letzten Reste natürlicher Lebensräume und gefährdeter Arten im Stadtgebiet vor allem die geziel- te Förderung natürlicher Prozesse unter städtischen Bedingungen im besiedelten Bereich sein. Ameisen eignen sich in vielfacher Hinsicht als Objekte stadtökologischer Untersuchungen. Sie kommen in nahezu allen terrestrischen Biotopen vor und sind das ganze Jahr über in unveränderter Artenzusammensetzung vorhanden. Im Vergleich zu vielen anderen Tierarten treten sie aufgrund ihrer sozialen Lebensweise in relativ großer Individuenzahl auf. Außer- dem können Veränderungen in ihren Lebensräumen durch die Ausbildung mehrjähriger Ne- ster leichter erkannt und untersucht werden. Im übrigen sind Ameisen durch die große Volksstärke und ihren hohen Energieverbrauch von herausragender Bedeutung für den Stoff- und Energiefluss in Ökosystemen (vgl. SEIFERT 1996). Aber auch die Durchmischung und Durchlüftung des Bodens, die Verbreitung von Pflanzenarten und die Regulation ihrer Beutepopulationen sind wichtige Aufgaben, die sie in ihren Lebensräumen erfüllen. Gleichzeitig sind sie selbst Nahrungsgrundlage für andere Tie- re und Voraussetzung für die Existenz einer Vielzahl von „Ameisengästen", die in ihren Nestern vorkommen. Sowohl die Stadtökologie als auch die Myrmekologie sind Forschungsrichtungen, die in Linz Tradition haben. Die Naturkundliche Station widmet sich seit vielen Jahren der ökolo- gischen und faunistischen Untersuchung des Stadtgebietes, um Wege im Sinne einer nach- haltigen Stadtentwicklung aufzuzeigen (SCHWARZ 1997). Die Ameisenfauna wurde schon von PFOSER (1948) und HAMANN (1955) bearbeitet, wobei letzterer im Rahmen seiner Tätig- keit als Kustos der entomologischen Sammlung des Landesmuseums Oberösterreich über Jahrzehnte hinweg im Linzer Raum gesammelt hat. Auch aus mehreren anderen Städten Mitteleuropas liegen bereits Ergebnisse myrmekologischer Erhebungen vor (PISARSKI 1982, SÖNTGEN 1989, DAUBER 1995, 1997, BEHR u. a. 1996, SCHLICK 1998, STEINER 1998). All dies sind gute Gründe und Voraussetzun- gen um eine flächendeckende Kartierung der Ameisenarten durchzuführen und deren-Ver- breitung im Lichte der bisherigen stadtökologischen und faunistischen Erkenntnisse zu dis- kutieren. Insbesondere durch die Bearbeitung des gesamten Stadtgebietes mit seiner großen Vielfalt an Standortbedingungen sollte das Zusammenwirken aller fir die Ameisen bedeutsa- men Faktoren (Mikroklimatische Verhältnisse, Isolation, Konkurrenz, Störungen, etc.) her- ausgearbeitet
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Small Number of Workers with Specific Personality Traits Perform Tool Use in Ants Istva´ N Maa´ K1,2, Garyk Roelandt3, Patrizia D’Ettorre3,4*
    RESEARCH ARTICLE A small number of workers with specific personality traits perform tool use in ants Istva´ n Maa´ k1,2, Garyk Roelandt3, Patrizia d’Ettorre3,4* 1Department of Ecology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; 2Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland; 3Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Ethology UR 4443, University Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France; 4Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France Abstract Ants use debris as tools to collect and transport liquid food to the nest. Previous studies showed that this behaviour is flexible whereby ants learn to use artificial material that is novel to them and select tools with optimal soaking properties. However, the process of tool use has not been studied at the individual level. We investigated whether workers specialise in tool use and whether there is a link between individual personality traits and tool use in the ant Aphaenogaster senilis. Only a small number of workers performed tool use and they did it repeatedly, although they also collected solid food. Personality predicted the probability to perform tool use: ants that showed higher exploratory activity and were more attracted to a prey in the personality tests became the new tool users when previous tool users were removed from the group. This suggests that, instead of extreme task specialisation, variation in personality traits within the colony may improve division of labour. Introduction Tool use is a widespread phenomenon within the animal kingdom (Shumaker et al., 2011; Sanz et al., 2013) and new examples of animal tool use are regularly discovered, such as recently in *For correspondence: [email protected] pigs (Root-Bernstein et al., 2019) and seabirds (Fayet et al., 2020).
    [Show full text]
  • Complexity and Behaviour in Leptothorax Ants
    Complexity and behaviour in Leptothorax ants Octavio Miramontes Universidad Nacional Aut´onomade M´exico ISBN 978-0-9831172-2-3 Mexico City Boston Vi¸cosa Madrid Cuernavaca Beijing CopIt ArXives 2007 Washington, DC CopIt ArXives Mexico City Boston Vi¸cosa Madrid Cuernavaca Beijing Copyright 1993 by Octavio Miramontes Published 2007 by CopIt ArXives Washington, DC All property rights of this publications belong to the author who, however, grants his authorization to the reader to copy, print and distribute his work freely, in part or in full, with the sole conditions that (i) the author name and original title be cited at all times, (ii) the text is not modified or mixed and (iii) the final use of the contents of this publication must be non commercial Failure to meet these conditions will be a violation of the law. Electronically produced using Free Software and in accomplishment with an Open Access spirit for academic publications Social behaviour in ants of the genus Leptothorax is reviewed. Attention is paid to the existence of collective robust periodic oscillations in the activity of ants inside the nest. It is known that those oscillations are the outcome of the process of short-distance interactions among ants and that the activity of individual workers is not periodic. Isolated workers can activate spontaneously in a unpredictable fashion. A model of an artificial society of computer automata endowed with the basic behavioural traits of Leptothorax ants is presented and it is demonstrated that collective periodic oscillations in the activity domain can exist as a consequence of interactions among the automata.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
    THE ORIGIN OF WORKERLESS PARASITES IN LEPTOTHORAX (S.STR.) (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) BY JORGEN HEINZE Theodor-Boveri-Institut (Biozentrum der Universitit), LS Verhaltensphysiologie und Soziobiologie, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wtirzburg, F.R.G. ABSTRACT The evolutionary origin of workerless parasitic ants parasitizing colonies of Leptothorax (s.str.) is investigated using data on mor- phology, chromosome number, and allozyme phenotype of both social parasites and their hosts. Of the three previously proposed pathways, the evolution of workerless parasites from guest ants or slave-makers is unlikely, at least according to a phenogram obtained by UPGMA clustering of Nei's similarities based on seven enzymes. Intraspecific evolution of the workerless parasites Doronomyrmex goesswaldi, D. kutteri, and D. pacis from their common host, Leptothorax acervorum cannot be excluded with the present data. The workerless parasite L. paraxenus, however, clearly differs from its host, L. cf. canadensis, in morphology and biochemistry, and most probably did not evolve from the latter species. It is proposed to synonymize Doronomyrmex under Lep- tothorax (s.str.). INTRODUCTION Eusocial insects by definition are characterized by a division of labor between non-reproductive workers and reproductive queens. Nevertheless, in a small minority of ant, bee, and wasp species, the worker caste has been secondarily lost. Instead of founding their own colonies solitarily, the queens of these workerless social para- sites invade the nests of other, often closely related host species and exploit the present worker force to rear their own young. In 1present address: Zool. Inst. I, Univ. Erlangen-Ntirnberg, Staudtstrasse 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany Manuscript received 19 January 1996.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution of Colony Characteristics in the Harvester Ant Genus
    Evolution of Colony Characteristics in The Harvester Ant Genus Pogonomyrmex Dissertation zur Erlangung des naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorgrades der Bayerischen Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg vorgelegt von Christoph Strehl Nürnberg Würzburg 2005 - 2 - - 3 - Eingereicht am: ......................................................................................................... Mitglieder der Prüfungskommission: Vorsitzender: ............................................................................................................. Gutachter : ................................................................................................................. Gutachter : ................................................................................................................. Tag des Promotionskolloquiums: .............................................................................. Doktorurkunde ausgehändigt am: ............................................................................. - 4 - - 5 - 1. Index 1. Index................................................................................................................. 5 2. General Introduction and Thesis Outline....................................................... 7 1.1 The characteristics of an ant colony...................................................... 8 1.2 Relatedness as a major component driving the evolution of colony characteristics.................................................................................................10 1.3 The evolution
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Temperature and Season on Foraging Activity of Red Imported Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Oklahoma
    PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY Effects of Temperature and Season on Foraging Activity of Red Imported Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Oklahoma 1 2 JAMES T. VOGT, WAYNE A. SMITH, RICHARD A. GRANTHAM, AND RUSSELL E. WRIGHT Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 127 Noble Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078 Environ. Entomol. 32(3): 447Ð451 (2003) ABSTRACT Temperature and seasonal effects on foraging activity of Solenopsis invicta Buren (red imported Þre ant) in Oklahoma were investigated by periodically quantifying the number of ants captured in baited vials for 2 yr. All temperature parameters (soil surface, 2 cm, 15 cm, mound surface, mound 5 cm deep, and mound 10 cm deep) except ambient at1mabovesoil surface were signiÞcant predictors of foraging activity; soil temperature at 15 cm was the best individual predictor, explaining 34% of variability in foraging activity. A combined quadratic model including mound surface tem- perature and season (weeks) explained 63% of the variability in foraging activity. Comparison with a similar study conducted in Florida revealed differences in the percentage of the year favorable for maximal foraging (Ϸ25% in Oklahoma versus 42Ð59% in Florida). These data suggest that recom- mendations for timing of insecticidal bait applications against S. invicta that are appropriate in more southern portions of the Þre ant range may not be appropriate for Oklahoma. KEY WORDS Solenopsis invicta, temperature, foraging rates, bait TEMPERATURE RELATIONS AND SEASONAL activity patterns detected no difference in temperature thresholds for of Solenopsis invicta Buren, the red imported Þre ant, foraging activity between sites. have been the subject of several studies, ranging from From a management standpoint, temperature and strictly applied experiments (e.g., Lofgren et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Queen Polymorphism and Functional Monogyny in the Ant, Leptothorax Sphagnicolus Francoeur
    PSYCHE Vol. 98 1991 No. 2-3 QUEEN POLYMORPHISM AND FUNCTIONAL MONOGYNY IN THE ANT, LEPTOTHORAX SPHAGNICOLUS FRANCOEUR BY A. BUSCHINGER AND A. FRANCOEUR2 INTRODUCTION Queen polymorphism, the occurrence of morphologically differ- ent, mated and egg-laying females in one species of ants, has been demonstrated until recently mainly in social parasites. Particularly among the myrmicine tribe Leptothoracini, intermorphic and nearly workerlike queens and fully alate or dealate gynomorphic queens have been found in guest ants such as Formicoxenus nitidu- lus (Buschinger and Winter, 1976), F. provancheri (Buschinger et al., 1980), and F. diversipilosus (Buschinger, 1979- erroneously named F. hirticornis). Apparently this feature is characteristic of the entire genus (Francoeur et all., 1985). In the slave-making ant, Harpagoxenus sublaevis, a genetic mechanism determining queen polymorphism has been detected (Buschinger and Winter, 1986). Queen polymorphism in leptothoracines, however, is not restricted to parasitic species. Recently it has been found in an as yet unde- termined, independent Leptothorax sp. A from Qu6bec (Heinze and Buschinger, 1987). A genetic mechanism similar to that in H. sub- laevis is responsible for the queen polymorphism in this species, too (Heinze and Buschinger, 1989). Finally, we report here on queen polymorphism in the recently described Leptothorax sphag- nicolus Francoeur 1986, another free-living species from Qu6bec. lInstitut ftir Zoologie, FB Biologie, der Technischen Hochschule Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstr.3, D-6100 Darmstadt, FRG 2Universit6 du Qu6bec Chicoutimi (Qu6bec), Canada G7H 2B Manuscript received 18 May 1991. 119 120 Psyche [Vol. 98 In addition we provide evidence for functional monogyny in L. sphagnicolus, another feature rarely found in ants.
    [Show full text]
  • First Record of the Permanent Social Parasitic, Slavemaking Ant Harpagoxenus Sublaevis (NYLANDER, 1852) for Belgium (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
    ~ Bulletin S.R.B.E.IK.B.V.E., 142 (2006): 21-24 First record of the permanent social parasitic, slavemaking ant Harpagoxenus sublaevis (NYLANDER, 1852) for Belgium (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) Peter BOER 1 & Wouter DEKONINC~ 1 Gemene Bos 12, 1861 HG Bergen, The Netherlands (e-mail: [email protected]). 2 Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Department Entomology, Vautierstraat 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. Abstract We report the first record of the permanent parasitic ant Harpagoxenus sublaevis (NYLANDER, 1852) in Belgium. A nest of the species was discovered on 3.V.2006 in Nahtsief in the Hautes Fagnes. In the nest workers of its frequently used host Leptothorax acervorum (F ABRICJUS, 1793) were found. This paper presents the locality, coexisting ant fauna and possibilities where to rediscover this species. Keywords: first record, Belgium, Harpagoxenus sublaevis, faunistic. Resume Nous signalons la premiere capture d 'Harpagoxenus sublaevis (NYLANDER, 1852) une fo urmi esclavagisteobligatoire en Belgique. Un nid de cette espece a ete trouve le 3.V.2006 a Nahtsiefdans les Hautes Fagnes, dans lequel se trouvaient egalement des ouvrieres de Leptothorax acervorum (FABRICIUS, 1793), une des especes cibles d'Harpagoxenus sublaevis. Ici on commente la localite, les differentes fourmis avoisinantes et les possibilites de retrouver 1'es pece en Belgique. Samenvatting We melden hier de eerste waam eming van de permanent, parasitaire slavenjaagster Ha1pagoxenus sublaevis (NYLANDER, 1852), de nijptangmier in Belgie. Een nest van deze soort werd ontdekt op 3.V.2006 in Nahtsief in de Hoge Venen. In het nest werden ook werksters van de vaak door deze soort gebruikte gastheer Leptothorax acervorum (FABRJCJUS, 1793) gevonden.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF-Download
    LIFE-Projekt Wildnisgebiet Dürrenstein FORSCHUNGSBERICHT Ergebnisse der Begleitforschung 1997 – 2001 St. Pölten 2001 Impressum: Medieninhaber und Herausgeber: Amt der Niederösterreichischen Landesregierung Abteilung Naturschutz, Landhausplatz 1, 3109 St. Pölten LIFE-Projektleitung: Dr. Erhard Kraus LIFE-Projektkoordination: Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Christoph Leditznig Unter Mitarbeit von Reinhard Pekny und Johann Zehetner 1. Auflage: 100 Stück Erscheinungsort: St. Pölten Titelseite: Gr. Bild: Im Großen Urwald (© E. Kraus), Kl. Bild links: Alpennelke Dianthus alpinus (© W. Gamerith) Kl. Bild Mitte: Kreuzotter Vipera berus (© E. Sochurek) Kl. Bild rechts: Auerwild Tetrao urogallus bei der Bodenbalz (© F. Hafner) Rückseite: Gr. Bild: Totholzskulptur (© E. Kraus) Kl. Bild: Plattkäfer Cucujus cinnaberinus (© P. Zabransky) Gesamtherstellung: gugler print & media, Melk INHALTSVERZEICHNIS Das Life-Projekt Wildnisgebiet Dürrenstein . 5 BERNHARD SPLECHTNA UNTER MITARBEIT VON DOMINIK KÖNIG Kartierung der FFH-Lebensraumtypen . 7 GABRIELE KOVACS UNTER MITARBEIT VON ANTON HAUSKNECHT, INGRID HAUSKNECHT, WOLFGANG DÄMON, THOMAS BARDORF, WALTER JAKLITSCH UND WOLFGANG KLOFAC Mykologische Erhebungen im Rahmen des LIFE-Projektes Wildnisgebiet Dürrenstein . 31 ANNA BAAR UND WALTER PÖLZ Fledermauskundliche Kartierung des Wildnisgebietes Dürrenstein und seiner Umgebung . 50 MARK WÖSS Erfassung der Rauhfußhühner im Rahmen des LIFE-Projektes Wildnisgebiet Dürrenstein . 62 CHRISTOPH LEDITZNIG UND WILHELM LEDITZNIG Großvögel im Special Protection Area Ötscher-Dürrenstein .
    [Show full text]
  • Mechanisms Regulating Functional Monogyny in a Japanese
    Belg. J. Zool., 135 (1) : 3-8 January 2005 Mechanisms regulating functional monogyny in a Japanese population of Leptothorax acervorum (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) : dominance hierarchy and preferential egg cannibalism Fuminori Ito Laboratory of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki 761-0795, Japan Corresponding author : Dr. Ito Fuminori, e-mail : [email protected] ABSTRACT. Queen behaviour of Leptothorax acervorum collected in northern Japan was observed in four func- tionally monogynous colonies (one functional mated egg-laying queen with some supernumerary mated but sterile queens) and two monogynous colonies with some virgin queens. In three functionally monogynous colonies, domi- nance behaviour including antennation, biting, pulling, and remarkable avoidance where queens fled approaching the functional queens, were frequently observed among queens. In two of the three colonies, an almost linear domi- nance hierarchy was established among queens and only the top ranked queen laid eggs. However, the hierarchy was not stable : in one colony the queens in second and third ranks and the second ranked queen in the other colony were expelled from colonies. Such queen antagonism was very rare in the other functionally monogynous colony, where workers expelled the fertile queen, and the other queen replaced the egg-layer. In monogynous colonies with virgin queens, virgin queens showed worker-like behaviour, and dominance interactions completely lacked among queens. Oophagy was often observed among nestmates : this always occurred just after oviposition. Eggs of func- tional queens were not eaten while most eggs laid by supernumerary queens were eaten by functional queens and workers. Supernumerary queens never showed oophagy. Workers laid trophic eggs and reproductive eggs : the former ones were always eaten while one third of the latter survived.
    [Show full text]
  • Sociobiology 68(3): E7224 (September, 2021) DOI: 10.13102/Sociobiology.V68i3.7224
    Sociobiology 68(3): e7224 (September, 2021) DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v68i3.7224 Sociobiology An international journal on social insects REsearch ARtIClE - ANts First Record of the Inquiline Ant Leptothorax kutteri Buschinger, 1965 from Turkey Kadri Kiran1, Celal Karaman1, Jürgen Heinze2 1- Department of Biology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey 2- Zoology/Evolutionary Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany Article History Abstract We report on the occurrence of the ant Leptothorax kutteri Edited by Evandro Nascimento Silva, UEFS, Brazil Buschinger, 1965 in two sites in Northern and Eastern Turkey. Received 18 May 2021 Leptothorax kutteri is a workerless inquiline living in the colonies of Initial acceptance 07 July 2021 L. acervorum (Fabricius, 1793) so far known from various parts of Final acceptance 08 July 2021 Northern and Central Europe. Our findings greatly increase the range Publication date 13 August 2021 of this small and rare ant. Keywords Inquilinism, social parasitism, biodiversity. Corresponding author Kadri Kiran Trakya University, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science 22030, Edirne, Turkey. E-Mail: [email protected] Introduction host populations, and spotting the few inquiline queens among the host ants is often difficult. Our knowledge about Ant societies typically are protected against intruders the occurrence and distribution of inquilines is therefore or parasites through a highly efficient system of nestmate incomplete and novel findings are worth of being mentioned. recognition. Nevertheless, numerous species of arthropods and We here report on the occurrence of Leptothorax other animals have evolved mechanisms of invading the nests of kutteri Buschinger, 1965 (previously also referred to as ants by masking themselves with or mimicking the recognition Doronomyrmex kutteri) from two sites in Northern and cues of their hosts.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
    Myrmecological News 11 79-90 Vienna, August 2008 Chemical sorcery for sociality: Exocrine secretions of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) E. David MORGAN Abstract Insects make great use of chemicals in communication, attack and defense. Social insects make still greater use of them in communication. Ants, particularly, make extensive use of communication chemicals, and have received the attention of chemists in discovery of these substances. These chemicals are produced in, and often stored by exocrine glands. The wide range of chemical compounds in exocrine glands of ants are illustrated here with examples. They extend over a broad spectrum of volatile organic compounds, most of them used in communication, as part of the social organisa- tion of species. Illustrative examples of their chemical abilities are found among trail pheromones, defensive secre- tions, alkaloidal venoms, antibiotics, alarm pheromones, territorial marking and others. In many, but by no means all, examples, we know the function of these compounds, although we still know very little about how they may act together to convey more information. This review is written for a broad audience of entomologists to show the great diversity of substances used by ants. Compounds are grouped by the glands in which they have been found. Key words: Chemical communication, pheromone, defense, alarm, antibiotic, exocrine glands, metapleural gland, Dufour gland, mandibular gland, venom gland, hindgut, postpharyngeal gland, pygidial gland, Pavan's gland, tibial gland, review. Myrmecol. News 11: 79-90 (online 13 June 2008) ISSN 1994-4136 (print), ISSN 1997-3500 (online) Received 21 February 2008; revision received 23 April 2008; accepted 24 April 2008 Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Doronomyrmex Kutteri (Buschinger, 1965) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae
    MUZEUM I INSTYTUT ZOOLOGII POLSKIEJ AKADEMII NAUK FRAGMENTA FAUNISTICA Fragm. faun. Warszawa, 14.07.1997 40 4 47-51 Alexander Radchenko*. Wojciech Czechowski** Doronomyrmex kutteri (Buschinger, 1965)( Hymenoptera, Formicidae) - a representative of a genus new to Poland A bstract. Doronomyrmex kutteri (BUSCHINGER) is first recorded from Poland. Some notes on distribution and biology of the socially parasitic ant species of the genus Doronomyrmex Kutter are given. Morphological differences between females of D. kutteri and of their host species. Leptothorax acervorum F., are shown. Key words: ants, Doronomyrmex, social parasites, fauna, Poland A uthors’ addresses: ‘Institute of Zoology. UAS, B. Khmelnitsky St 15, Kiev-30, 252601 UKRAINE “ Museum and Institute of Zoology, PAS, Wilcza 64, 00-679 Warszawa, POLAND The socially parasitic ant genus Doronomyrmex was described by K u t t e r in 1945 (type species: D. pacis ) from Switzerland based on females and males. Then two another inquilines of Leptothorax acervorum F. - Leptothorax kutteri (Buschinger, 1965) and L. goesswaldi ( K u t t e r , 1967) - were described from southern Germany; later they were replaced to the genus Doronomyrmex (Buschinger 1981). Finally, D. pocahontas was described by Buschinger (1979) from Canada. However, the taxonomical status of the latter species is still not settled (Buschinger and H e in z e 1993). Thus, four Doronomyrmex species are known at present. Three of them occur in Europe; one is known only from its type locality in North America. The most common European species is D. pacis. It inhabits Southern and Central Europe from southern Germany and France to the former Yugoslavia (Buschinger 1971a,b, 1972, W i n t e r 1974, Buschinger et al.
    [Show full text]