DOCSLIB.ORG

A Comparison of Invasive and Noninvasive Commelinaceae in a Phylogentic Context Jean Burns Moriuchi

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Comparison of Invasive and Noninvasive Commelinaceae in a Phylogentic Context Jean Burns Moriuchi Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2006 A Comparison of Invasive and Noninvasive Commelinaceae in a Phylogentic Context Jean Burns Moriuchi Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES A COMPARISON OF INVASIVE AND NONINVASIVE COMMELINACEAE IN A PHYLOGENTIC CONTEXT By Jean Burns Moriuchi A dissertation submitted to the Department of Biological Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Fall semester, 2006 Copyright (c), 2006 Jean Burns Moriuchi All Rights Reserved The members of the committee approve the dissertation of Jean Burns Moriuchi defended on 23 October 2006. _________________________ Thomas E. Miller Professor Directing Dissertation _________________________ William C. Parker Outside Committee Member _________________________ Scott J. Steppan Committee Member _________________________ Frances C. James Committee Member _________________________ David Houle Committee Member Approved: ___________________________________________________ Timothy S. Moerland, Chair, Department of Biological Science The office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I thank K. S. Moriuchi for constant support, editing, and help with idea development. I thank T. E. Miller, F. C. James, S. J. Steppan, D. Houle, W. Parker, A. A. Winn, C. T. Lee, D. Richardson, M. Rejmánek, S. L. Halpern, J. Hereford, C. Oakley, K. Rowe, and S. Tso and for helpful comments on the writing and idea development. Special thanks to T. E. Miller for lab support, idea development, and constant encouragement, and to S. J. Steppan for training in molecular techniques, lab support, and systematics training. K. Burks provided valuable advice on the choice of the Commelinaceae for this study. R. B. Faden at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution provided plant materials and species trait and range information. M. E. Harris at California State University, Northridge and H. Gamper at Florida State University also provided live plant materials. L. Anderson helped with specimen localities for collection. L. Csiba at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and J. C. Solomon at the Missouri Botanical Gardens provided DNA extractions. T. Evans provided sequencing advice and primers for Tradescantia, and S. Bergamo provided sequencing advice and plant materials for Callisia. C. Hardy at University of Zurich suggested the use of 5S NTS. R. Dhanarajan and M. Asher cloned the 5S NTS region. T. Flanders provided useful information on Commelina benghalensis distributions in Georgia. S. Braun and C. Hess helped estimate rates of spread for introduced species. K. Grafius-Ashcraft and C. D. Smith assisted with soil preparation. B. Nomann assisted with harvesting plants in the greenhouse. T. Knight provided code for the matrix model analyses, and E. Bruna, N. Underwood, and B. Eldred provided analysis advice for this part of the study. S. Park, A. Brodie, and E. Gonsalves helped collect specific leaf areas. This study was funded by Florida State University's Robert K. Godfrey Endowment Award for the Study of Botany, Young Scholar's Program, Dissertation Research Grant, Margaret Menzel Award in the Department of Biological Science, and University Fellowships. Additional support was provided by the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council Research Grant Award and the National Science Foundation (DEB 0091776 to T. E. Miller). iii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ............................................................................................................................... v List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. vii List of abreviations ....................................................................................................................... ix Abstract ....................................................................................................................................... x INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1 1. GROWTH RATES OF CONGENERIC INVASIVE AND NONINVASIVE DAYFLOWERS (COMMELINACEAE) ACROSS NUTRIENT AND WATER GRADIENTS ............................. 10 2. RELATEDNESS AND ENVIRONMENT AFFECT TRAITS ASSOCIATED WITH INVASIVE AND NONINVASIVE INTRODUCED COMMELINACEAE ................................. 22 3. PLASTICITY IN FECUNDITY ENHANCES THE PERFORMANCE OF INVASIVE COMMELINACEAE IN HIGH NUTRIENT ENVIRONMENTS ................................................ 36 4. THE SYSTEMATICS OF THE COMMELINACEAE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO TRAITS OF INVASIVE SPECIES .............................................................................................. 60 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................ 98 APPENDIX A .............................................................................................................................. 107 APPENDIX B .............................................................................................................................. 108 APPENDIX C ..............................................................................................................................112 APPENDIX D .............................................................................................................................. 130 APPENDIX E .............................................................................................................................. 131 APPENDIX F .............................................................................................................................. 132 APPENDIX G .............................................................................................................................. 133 APPENDIX H .............................................................................................................................. 140 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................ 148 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH ........................................................................................................ 177 iv LIST OF TABLES 1. Species and genera in the Commelinaceae that were sampled in this study. .............................3 2. The natural log of total biomass across a nutrient gradient for two pairs of invasive and noninvasive species.......................................................................................................................15 3. Relative growth rate (RGR) as a function of nutrient availability for two pairs of invasive and noninvasive species.......................................................................................................................17 4. Total biomass (natural-log transformed) for the water gradient experiment with three pairs of invasive and noninvasive species...................................................................................................19 5. RGR for the water gradient experiment with three pairs of invasive and noninvasive species. .19 6. Mixed model, nested ANOVA (residual maximum likelihood method) summary for traits measured in five invasive and noninvasive congeneric pairs of species in the Commelinaceae. ....28 7. An unpaired ANOVA was used to determine whether invasiveness or growing environment influenced plant traits on average between invasive and noninvasive species.................................29 8. Two-way fixed effect ANOVA on average seed mass (g).........................................................41 9. Categorical model results for seed germination for Commelina benghalensis with maximum likelihood estimate of chi-squared. ...............................................................................................41 10. Categorical models were used to determine the affect of maternal growing environment on seed germination. ..........................................................................................................................43 11. Species level ANOVA for proportion germination using a mixed model with restricted maximum likelihood. ...................................................................................................................46 12. Sexual reproduction elasticities are shown for the five species in this study that reproduced sexually. .......................................................................................................................................49 13. Life table response experiment (LTRE) effect sizes on lambda. .............................................50 14. Paired t-tests were used to evaluate whether there were differences between invasive and noninvasive congeners in LTRE effect sizes. ................................................................................52 15. Hypotheses about traits associated with invasiveness in the Commelinaceae. .........................63 16. Taxon sampling including genera if they contained invasive or weedy species or as outgroups to genera that do contain invasive or weedy species. ....................................................65 17. Primers used in this
Load more

Recommended publications
  • GENOME EVOLUTION in MONOCOTS a Dissertation
    GENOME EVOLUTION IN MONOCOTS A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School At the University of Missouri In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy By Kate L. Hertweck Dr. J. Chris Pires, Dissertation Advisor JULY 2011 The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the dissertation entitled GENOME EVOLUTION IN MONOCOTS Presented by Kate L. Hertweck A candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy And hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Dr. J. Chris Pires Dr. Lori Eggert Dr. Candace Galen Dr. Rose‐Marie Muzika ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to many people for their assistance during the course of my graduate education. I would not have derived such a keen understanding of the learning process without the tutelage of Dr. Sandi Abell. Members of the Pires lab provided prolific support in improving lab techniques, computational analysis, greenhouse maintenance, and writing support. Team Monocot, including Dr. Mike Kinney, Dr. Roxi Steele, and Erica Wheeler were particularly helpful, but other lab members working on Brassicaceae (Dr. Zhiyong Xiong, Dr. Maqsood Rehman, Pat Edger, Tatiana Arias, Dustin Mayfield) all provided vital support as well. I am also grateful for the support of a high school student, Cady Anderson, and an undergraduate, Tori Docktor, for their assistance in laboratory procedures. Many people, scientist and otherwise, helped with field collections: Dr. Travis Columbus, Hester Bell, Doug and Judy McGoon, Julie Ketner, Katy Klymus, and William Alexander. Many thanks to Barb Sonderman for taking care of my greenhouse collection of many odd plants brought back from the field.
    [Show full text]
  • Atoll Research Bulletin No. 503 the Vascular Plants Of
    ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN NO. 503 THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF MAJURO ATOLL, REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS BY NANCY VANDER VELDE ISSUED BY NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON, D.C., U.S.A. AUGUST 2003 Uliga Figure 1. Majuro Atoll THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF MAJURO ATOLL, REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS ABSTRACT Majuro Atoll has been a center of activity for the Marshall Islands since 1944 and is now the major population center and port of entry for the country. Previous to the accompanying study, no thorough documentation has been made of the vascular plants of Majuro Atoll. There were only reports that were either part of much larger discussions on the entire Micronesian region or the Marshall Islands as a whole, and were of a very limited scope. Previous reports by Fosberg, Sachet & Oliver (1979, 1982, 1987) presented only 115 vascular plants on Majuro Atoll. In this study, 563 vascular plants have been recorded on Majuro. INTRODUCTION The accompanying report presents a complete flora of Majuro Atoll, which has never been done before. It includes a listing of all species, notation as to origin (i.e. indigenous, aboriginal introduction, recent introduction), as well as the original range of each. The major synonyms are also listed. For almost all, English common names are presented. Marshallese names are given, where these were found, and spelled according to the current spelling system, aside from limitations in diacritic markings. A brief notation of location is given for many of the species. The entire list of 563 plants is provided to give the people a means of gaining a better understanding of the nature of the plants of Majuro Atoll.
    [Show full text]
  • Pollen and Stamen Mimicry: the Alpine Flora As a Case Study
    Arthropod-Plant Interactions DOI 10.1007/s11829-017-9525-5 ORIGINAL PAPER Pollen and stamen mimicry: the alpine flora as a case study 1 1 1 1 Klaus Lunau • Sabine Konzmann • Lena Winter • Vanessa Kamphausen • Zong-Xin Ren2 Received: 1 June 2016 / Accepted: 6 April 2017 Ó The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication Abstract Many melittophilous flowers display yellow and Dichogamous and diclinous species display pollen- and UV-absorbing floral guides that resemble the most com- stamen-imitating structures more often than non-dichoga- mon colour of pollen and anthers. The yellow coloured mous and non-diclinous species, respectively. The visual anthers and pollen and the similarly coloured flower guides similarity between the androecium and other floral organs are described as key features of a pollen and stamen is attributed to mimicry, i.e. deception caused by the flower mimicry system. In this study, we investigated the entire visitor’s inability to discriminate between model and angiosperm flora of the Alps with regard to visually dis- mimic, sensory exploitation, and signal standardisation played pollen and floral guides. All species were checked among floral morphs, flowering phases, and co-flowering for the presence of pollen- and stamen-imitating structures species. We critically discuss deviant pollen and stamen using colour photographs. Most flowering plants of the mimicry concepts and evaluate the frequent evolution of Alps display yellow pollen and at least 28% of the species pollen-imitating structures in view of the conflicting use of display pollen- or stamen-imitating structures. The most pollen for pollination in flowering plants and provision of frequent types of pollen and stamen imitations were pollen for offspring in bees.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Science Today (2019) 6(2): 218-231 218
    Plant Science Today (2019) 6(2): 218-231 218 https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2019.6.2.527 ISSN: 2348-1900 Plant Science Today http://www.plantsciencetoday.online Research Article Seedling Morphology of some selected members of Commelinaceae and its bearing in taxonomic studies Animesh Bose1* & Nandadulal Paria2 1 Department of Botany, Vidyasagar College, 39 Sankar Ghosh Lane, Kolkata 700006, West Bengal, India 2 Taxonomy & Biosystematics Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India Article history Abstract Received: 13 March 2019 Seedling morphology of eight species from four genera of the family Commelinaceae viz. Accepted: 09 April 2019 Commelina appendiculata C.B. Clarke, C. benghalensis L., C. caroliniana Walter, C. paludosa Published: 16 May 2019 Blume, Cyanotis axillaris (L.) D. Don ex Sweet, C. cristata (L.) D. Don, Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan and Tradescantia spathacea Sw. are investigated using both light and scanning electron microscopy. The seedling morphological features explored include germination pattern, seed shape, surface and hilum, root system, cotyledon type, cotyledonary hyperphyll (apocole), cotyledonary hypophyll (cotyledonary sheath), hypocotyl, first leaf and subsequent leaves. All taxa studied had hypogeal and remote tubular cotyledons. However, differences in cotyledon structure (apocole, cotyledonary sheath), seed, hypocotyl, internodes, first leaf and subsequent leaves were observed. Variations of those characters were used to prepare an identification key for the investigated taxa. Commelina spp. and Murdannia nudiflora of the tribe Commelineae were found to differ from Cyanotis spp. and Tradescantia spathacea of tribe Tradescantieae in the petiolate first leaf with papillate margins on upper surface with 6- celled stomata and the glabrous epicotyl.
    [Show full text]
  • January 1958 the National HORTICULTUR .·\L Magazine
    TIIE N A..TIONA..L ~GA'Z , INE 0 & JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, INC. * January 1958 The National HORTICULTUR .·\L Magazine *** to accumulate, Increase, and disseminate horticultural information *** OFFICERS EDITOR STUART M. ARMSTRONG, PR ESIDENT B. Y. MORRISON Silver Spring, Maryland MANAGING EDITOR HENRY T. SKINNER, FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT Washington, D.C. JAM ES R . H ARLOW MRS. i'VAL TER DOUGLAS, SECON D VICE-PRESIDENT EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Chauncey, New York I/:;- Phoenix, Arizona i'VALTER H . HOD GE, Chairman EUGENE GRIFFITH, SECRETARY JOH N L. CREECH Takoma Pm'k, Maryland FREDERIC P. LEE MISS OLIVE E. WEA THERELL, TREASURER CONRAD B. LINK Olean, New York & W ashington, D.C. CURTIS IVIA Y DIRECTORS The National Horticultural Maga­ zine is the official publication of the Te?'ms Expiring 1958 American Horticultural Society and is Stuart lVI. Armstrong, Mm'yland iss ued four times a year during the John L. Creech, Maryland qu arter s commencing with J anuary, Mrs. Peggie Schulz, Min nesota April, July and October. It is devoted to the dissemination of knowledge in R. P. iJ\Thite, Dist?'ict of Columbia the sc ience and art of growing orna­ Mrs. H arry Wood, Pennsylvania mental plants, fruits, vegetables, and rela ted subjects. Original papers increasing the his· T erms Expiring 1959 torical, varietal, and cultural knowl­ Donovan S. Correll, T exas edges of plant materials of economic and aesthetic importance are wel­ Frederick VV. Coe, Mm'yland comed and will be published as early Miss Margaret C. Lancaster, MG1'yland as possible. The CHairman of the ~ di · Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • Floristic Quality Assessment Report
    FLORISTIC QUALITY ASSESSMENT IN INDIANA: THE CONCEPT, USE, AND DEVELOPMENT OF COEFFICIENTS OF CONSERVATISM Tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) the State tree of Indiana June 2004 Final Report for ARN A305-4-53 EPA Wetland Program Development Grant CD975586-01 Prepared by: Paul E. Rothrock, Ph.D. Taylor University Upland, IN 46989-1001 Introduction Since the early nineteenth century the Indiana landscape has undergone a massive transformation (Jackson 1997). In the pre-settlement period, Indiana was an almost unbroken blanket of forests, prairies, and wetlands. Much of the land was cleared, plowed, or drained for lumber, the raising of crops, and a range of urban and industrial activities. Indiana’s native biota is now restricted to relatively small and often isolated tracts across the State. This fragmentation and reduction of the State’s biological diversity has challenged Hoosiers to look carefully at how to monitor further changes within our remnant natural communities and how to effectively conserve and even restore many of these valuable places within our State. To meet this monitoring, conservation, and restoration challenge, one needs to develop a variety of appropriate analytical tools. Ideally these techniques should be simple to learn and apply, give consistent results between different observers, and be repeatable. Floristic Assessment, which includes metrics such as the Floristic Quality Index (FQI) and Mean C values, has gained wide acceptance among environmental scientists and decision-makers, land stewards, and restoration ecologists in Indiana’s neighboring states and regions: Illinois (Taft et al. 1997), Michigan (Herman et al. 1996), Missouri (Ladd 1996), and Wisconsin (Bernthal 2003) as well as northern Ohio (Andreas 1993) and southern Ontario (Oldham et al.
    [Show full text]
  • II. a Cladistic Analysis of Rbcl Sequences and Morphology
    Systematic Botany (2003), 28(2): pp. 270±292 q Copyright 2003 by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists Phylogenetic Relationships in the Commelinaceae: II. A Cladistic Analysis of rbcL Sequences and Morphology TIMOTHY M. EVANS,1,3 KENNETH J. SYTSMA,1 ROBERT B. FADEN,2 and THOMAS J. GIVNISH1 1Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; 2Department of Systematic Biology-Botany, MRC 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012; 3Present address, author for correspondence: Department of Biology, Hope College, 35 East 12th Street, Holland, Michigan 49423-9000 ([email protected]) Communicating Editor: John V. Freudenstein ABSTRACT. The chloroplast-encoded gene rbcL was sequenced in 30 genera of Commelinaceae to evaluate intergeneric relationships within the family. The Australian Cartonema was consistently placed as sister to the rest of the family. The Commelineae is monophyletic, while the monophyly of Tradescantieae is in question, due to the position of Palisota as sister to all other Tradescantieae plus Commelineae. The phylogeny supports the most recent classi®cation of the family with monophyletic tribes Tradescantieae (minus Palisota) and Commelineae, but is highly incongruent with a morphology-based phylogeny. This incongruence is attributed to convergent evolution of morphological characters associated with pollination strategies, especially those of the androecium and in¯orescence. Analysis of the combined data sets produced a phylogeny similar to the rbcL phylogeny. The combined analysis differed from the molecular one, however, in supporting the monophyly of Dichorisandrinae. The family appears to have arisen in the Old World, with one or possibly two movements to the New World in the Tradescantieae, and two (or possibly one) subsequent movements back to the Old World; the latter are required to account for the Old World distribution of Coleotrypinae and Cyanotinae, which are nested within a New World clade.
    [Show full text]
  • Canberra Bird Notes
    canberra ISSN 0314-8211 bird Volume 42 Number 3 December 2017 notes Registered by Australia Post 100001304 CANBERRA ORNITHOLOGISTS GROUP, INC. PO Box 301 Civic Square ACT 2608 2017-18 Committee President Neil Hermes 0413 828 045 Vice-President Vacant Secretary Bill Graham 0466 874 723 Treasurer Vacant 6231 0147 (h) Member Jenny Bounds Member Sue Lashko Member Lia Battisson Member David McDonald Member Paul Fennell Member A.O. (Nick) Nicholls Member Steve Read Email contacts General inquiries [email protected] President [email protected] Canberra Bird Notes [email protected]/[email protected] COG Database Inquiries [email protected] COG Membership [email protected] COG Web Discussion List [email protected] Conservation [email protected] Gang-gang Newsletter [email protected] GBS Coordinator [email protected] Publications for sale [email protected] Unusual bird reports [email protected] Website [email protected] Woodland Project [email protected] Other COG contacts Jenny Bounds Conservation Field Trips Sue Lashko 6251 4485 (h) COG Membership Sandra Henderson 6231 0303 (h) Canberra Bird Notes Editor Michael Lenz 6249 1109 (h) Assistant Editor Kevin Windle 6286 8014 (h) Editor for Annual Bird Report Paul Fennell 6254 1804 (h) Newsletter Editor Sue Lashko, Gail Neumann (SL) 6251 4485 (h) Databases Jaron Bailey 0439 270 835 (a.h.) Garden Bird Survey Duncan McCaskill 6259 1843 (h) Rarities Panel Barbara Allan 6254 6520 (h) Talks Program Organiser Jack Holland 6288 7840 (h) Records Officer Nicki Taws 6251 0303 (h) Website Julian Robinson 6239 6226 (h) Sales Kathy Walter 6241 7639 (h) Waterbird Survey Michael Lenz 6249 1109 (h) Distribution of COG publications Dianne Davey 6254 6324 (h) COG Library Barbara Allan 6254 6520 (h) Please use the General Inquiries email to arrange access to library items or for general enquiries, or contact the Secretary on 0466 874 723.
    [Show full text]
  • Anigozanthos Bicolor Subsp. Minor) Recovery Plan
    SMALL TWO-COLOURED KANGAROO PAW (ANIGOZANTHOS BICOLOR SUBSP. MINOR) RECOVERY PLAN Department of Environment and Conservation Kensington Recovery Plan for Anigozanthos bicolor subsp. minor FOREWORD Interim Recovery Plans (IRPs) are developed within the framework laid down in Department of Conservation and Land Management (CALM) [now Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC)] Policy Statements Nos. 44 and 50. Note: the Department of CALM formally became the Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) in July 2006. DEC will continue to adhere to these Policy Statements until they are revised and reissued. IRPs outline the recovery actions that are required to urgently address those threatening processes most affecting the ongoing survival of threatened taxa or ecological communities, and begin the recovery process. DEC is committed to ensuring that Threatened taxa are conserved through the preparation and implementation of Recovery Plans (RPs) or IRPs, and by ensuring that conservation action commences as soon as possible and, in the case of Critically Endangered (CR) taxa, always within one year of endorsement of that rank by the Minister. This Interim Recovery Plan will operate from May 2006 to April 2011 but will remain in force until withdrawn or replaced. It is intended that, if the taxon is still ranked Critically Endangered (WA), this IRP will be reviewed after five years and the need for further recovery actions assessed. This IRP was given regional approval on 13 February, 2006 and was approved by the Director of Nature Conservation on 22 February, 2006. The allocation of staff time and provision of funds identified in this Interim Recovery Plan is dependent on budgetary and other constraints affecting DEC, as well as the need to address other priorities.
    [Show full text]
  • Woody and Herbaceous Plants Native to Haiti for Use in Miami-Dade Landscapes1
    Woody and Herbaceous Plants Native to Haiti For use in Miami-Dade Landscapes1 Haiti occupies the western one third of the island of Hispaniola with the Dominican Republic the remainder. Of all the islands within the Caribbean basin Hispaniola possesses the most varied flora after that of Cuba. The plants contained in this review have been recorded as native to Haiti, though some may now have been extirpated due in large part to severe deforestation. Less than 1.5% of the country’s original tree-cover remains. Haiti’s future is critically tied to re- forestation; loss of tree cover has been so profound that exotic fast growing trees, rather than native species, are being used to halt soil erosion and lessen the risk of mudslides. For more information concerning Haiti’s ecological plight consult references at the end of this document. For present purposes all of the trees listed below are native to Haiti, which is why non-natives such as mango (the most widely planted tree) and other important trees such as citrus, kassod tree (Senna siamea) and lead tree (Leucanea leucocephala) are not included. The latter two trees are among the fast growing species used for re-forestation. The Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History’s Flora of the West Indies was an invaluable tool in assessing the range of plants native to Haiti. Not surprisingly many of the listed trees and shrubs 1 John McLaughlin Ph.D. U.F./Miami-Dade County Extension Office, Homestead, FL 33030 Page | 1 are found in other parts of the Caribbean with some also native to South Florida.
    [Show full text]
  • Central Soils Species List
    HEAD CENTRAL SOILS SPECIES LIST Start of flowering time: Spring Summer Autumn Winter All Year Common Name Botanical Name Height (m) Flower Colour Flower Time Other Info Trees (Up to 15m) Fraser’s Sheoak Allocasuarina fraseriana 15 brown May-Oct Candle Banksia Banksia attenuata 5-8 yellow Sep-Oct Bull Banksia Banksia grandis 10 yellow Sep-Dec Holly-leaf Banksia Banksia ilicifolia 10 pink & cream Mar-Jan Firewood Banksia °Banksia menziesii 10 pink & red Feb-Aug money water, save Red Flowering Gum Eucalyptus ficifolia 8 red Dec-May WA Coastal Blackbutt Eucalyptus todtiana 9-16 creamy white Feb Coral Gum Eucalyptus torquata 4-11 pink, red Aug-Dec WA Sandplain Woody Pear Xylomelum angustifolium 7 creamy white Dec-Feb WA Shrubs (3 to 5m) Coojong Acacia saligna 5 yellow Aug-Oct garden your back to & bring life Common Woollybush Adenanthos cygnorum 2-4 red Sep-Feb Tree Smokebush Conospermum triplinervium 4.5 greyish white Aug-Nov Red Pokers Hakea bucculenta 4.5 red Aug-Sep WA Royal Hakea Hakea victoria 3 white, colourful foliage Jun-Jul WA Zamia Palm Macrozamia riedlei 3 red cones Sep-Oct River Pea Oxylobium lineare 3 red, yellow Sep-Jan pictured left Shrubs (1 to 3m) Kangaroo Paw Acacia dentifera 3 golden Aug-Nov Prickly Moses Acacia pulchella 1.5 yellow Jun-Oct Basket Flower Adenanthos obovatus 2 scarlet, orange May-Dec manglesii Anigozanthos One-sided Bottlebrush °Calothamnus quadrifidus 1-2 red Aug-Dec Silky-leaved Blood Flower Calothamnus sanguineus 1.5 blood red Mar-Oct Plume Smokebush Conospermum incurvum 0.4-1 white-grey Jul-Nov
    [Show full text]
  • Jandakot Airport Dieback Management Plan Conservation Management
    JANDAKOT AIRPORT DIEBACK MANAGEMENT PLAN CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PLAN APPENDIX C Jandakot Airport Holdings Pty Ltd 16 Eagle Drive Jandakot WA 6164 Ref: Cmp Appendix C Dieback Management Plan V9 Page 1 Version 9 Saved on June 26, 2015 Saved At: Q:\Controlled Documents\Manuals\Conservation Management Plan\CMP Appendix C Dieback Management Plan V9.doc TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................... 3 2 MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................................ 4 2.1 Dieback Treatment ................................................................................................ 4 2.1.1 Phosphite Application ........................................................................................ 4 2.2 Dieback Prevention and Containment .................................................................... 4 2.2.1 Access ............................................................................................................... 4 2.2.2 Construction/Earthmoving .................................................................................. 5 2.2.3 Drainage ............................................................................................................ 5 2.2.4 Landscaping and Revegetation .......................................................................... 6 2.2.5 Bushfire Management ........................................................................................ 7
    [Show full text]