r • SHIRE OF KORONG
HERITAGE AND CONSERVATION STUDY
APPENDIX 1 TO VOLUME 3: MINING SITES AND AREAS IN THE SHIRE OF KORONG
A Report by Dr. Peter Milner Infrastructure Library
A report f or Trevor Budge and Associates
720. 9945 1 00108489 KOR:T Shire of Korong heritage v.5 and conservation study
Technology Report
No. TR-91/l June 1991 INDEX
Text
Figures
1. The suggested pattern of gold discovery in the Korong division 2. Annual gold production in the Korong division 3. The areas of mining within the Shire of Korong 4. The boundaries of the proposed Thompson's Gully historic area 5. The boundaries of the proposed Wehla historic area 6. The boundaries of the proposed Langham Flat historic area 7. The boundaries of the proposed Mcintyre's historic area
Tables
1. Significant mining sites classified by type 2. Sites ranked according to their levels of significance
Lists 1. A chronology of gold discove ries within the Korong mining division
Annexes 1. Criteria for signi ficance 2. A surrunary of all known mining sites within the Shire of Korong 3. Some significant mining sites within the Shire of Korong 4. Photographs of some of the significant mining sites
Bibliography l
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The mining division of Ko rong, which is approximately contiguous with the Shire of Ko rong, was eventually found to contain 146 reefs, some of which proved to be very rich on the surface but much l ess payable at depth. In addition there was a very considerable area of alluvial ground, chiefly significant for t he size and distribution of the nuggets found there. The extent of this ground was variously estimated as between 11 and 54 square miles in extent, depending upon which mining registrar's figures are accepted as being the more accurate . The main centres, arranged according in order of their economic importance were:
Inglewood, Korong/We dderburn , Berl in/Rheola, Bu rke's Flat, Kingowe r and Glenalbyn, Jericho/Wehla, Nine Mile, Mcintyre's and Possum Hill , Avoca Forest and Synnott's and Fenton's diggings , and Buggins Diggings/Garibaldi.
The overall pattern of gold discovery within the division is indicated by the chronology displayed in List 1 and Figure 1.
The Korong division was one of seven in the Maryborough mining district. In terms of the extent of auriferous ground, only the Maryborough division - with an area variously estimated as between 3 and 59 square miles in extent, was large r. At one time the Korong division had the largest recorded number of miners - 24,360 in March 1860 at the height of the rush to Inglewood; but it was, officially at least, considerably less productive than the divisions of Maryborough/Carisbrook (1,010,891 ounces to 1916), Dunolly/Tarnagulla (536,765 ounces), St. Arnaud North (512,229 ounces) and Amherst/Majorca (405 , 232 ounces) . In making these comparisons it should be noted that very little of the production from alluvial mining, and only a certain amount from quartz mining wa s ever reported prior to 1884, so that any field which had, for longer than most, more alluvial miners than quartz miners - as Korong certainly did - might be regarded as disadvantaged. Nevertheless, on other indicators this division appears to appropriately placed, for it was similarly ranked according to the value of the installed mining plant and machinery (fifth, with a maximum of 36,000 pounds worth in 1866), the number of steam engines in operation (fourth, with 26 in 1866). the installed steam power (third, with 700 horsepower in 1887) , the number o f stamp heads (third, with 202 in 1873) , and the number of puddling machines (fourth, with 10 6 i n 1860). In economic terms the Korong mining division was slightly less than average within a district which, on the same terms, was about average for the State.
Although capitalization began as rapidly as elsewhere in the Ma ryborough district, and at a rate which perhaps justified the establishment at Inglewood by J . Horwood and Sons of a branch of their Bendigo foundry {between 1861 and 1864), this soon reached a plateau as the quartz mines reached the water line (about 100 f eet at Wedderburn around 1861/2, and 240 feet at Inglewood around 1866/7), and further development faltered. Indeed, as is clear from Figure 2, even if only in relative terms (as before 1884 only certain parcels of stone were ever recorded), gold p roduction from quartz mini ng between 1869 and 1883 wa s abnormally low. Many of t he mines which had been major producers in the early period prior to 1868 became idle, and production was sustained chiefly by the mines at Jericho/Wehla (up to 1868) and also at Burke 's Flat (up to 1884). The revival in 1883 was genuine enough, although i t hardly outlasted the decade. The extent of the change, though, is probably s lightly exaggerated, as from 1884 the figures r efer to total production rather than just to that coming from selected quartz parcels. LiuUu ~
Wedderburn Yorkshire Flat Wychitella 1852 1860 ------1883
~ibaldi 1860 Mcintyre 's 1852 ~ Berlin/Rheola Possum Hill ~1856 ------1876
Kingower Inglewood 1853 ------1859
Synnott's 1856 Fenton~ Burke's Flat Nine Mile 1858 ---- 1861 Jericho/Wehla _,,,,,,. 1856
Figure 1: The suggested pattern of gold discovery in the Korong division uu uu .. ~
Annual gold production in the Korong division in ounces
19,000 18,000 * 17,000 * 16,000 * 15,000 * 14,000 * 13,000 * 12,000 * 11, 000 * * 10,000 **** 9,000 **** 8,000 **** * 7,000 ***** * 6,000 ***** * ** 5,000 * ***** * *** * 4,000 * ***** * *** **** 3,000 ** ****** * * * ******** 2 ,000 ** ****** * ** ** ** ********* 1,000 ** ****************************
0123456789012345678901234567890123456789 186 187 188 189
Year
Figure 2: Annual gold production in the Korong Division
Note 1: Only selected quartz parcels were recorded prior to 1884, and total production thereafter.
Sources: Victoria , Department of Mines , Reports of the Mining Surveyors and Registrars {1859-1883 ), The Goldfields of Victoria (1884-1889), and Reports and Statistics of the Mining Department (1890- 1891) UJUUl
The quite significant troughs in quartz mining production, between 1869 and 1883, 1913 and 1934, and from 1937 almost to the present has had a pronounced effect on the evidence which survives about this particular aspect of mining within the division. As the mines closed at the end of each phase of mining their plant and other machinery was sold off and removed. Consequently, when mining did revive, the sites were re-worked with little regard for what had been there formerly, and only the most permanent of features survived (e.g. the collaps.ed surface workings on the Prince of Wales Reef at Wehla). It is therefore necessary to be cautious about the age of artefacts which survive at these sites. On the other hand the relatively dry climate has provided the right conditions which would have allowed many pockets of the surface alluvial workings to survive as they had first been left. Unfortunately, many of these have since been ploughed up and smoothed over for eucalyptus plantations and other forms of agriculture (Scandinavian Lead, Inglewood, and Garibaldi Diggings), for housing (Main and Nursery flats, Wedderburn), or for small holdings (Green Gully, Rheola). Alternatively, they have been altered almost out of all recognition by more modern methods of gold extraction (Avoca Forest and Synnott' s Diggings) or by conversion to tailings dumps (Psalm Singing Gully, Inglewood) .
Although all mining began in each division with shallow alluvial workings, it soon developed characteristics which were particular to those div is ions. After 1883, when it became possible for the first time to determine for each division which form of mining made the major contribution to gold production, it is clear that Maryborough/Carisbrook had become essentially deep lead mining centres, St. Arnaud North had become a quartz mining centre, Redbank and St. Arnaud South were moving from a dependence on alluvial mining to one based on quartz mining, whereas only in the Dunolly/Tarnagulla and Korong (or I nglewood/Wedderburn divisions ) did alluvial mining continue to make a major contribution to production. In many respects these last two divisions are very similar: both have quite extensive areas of shallow alluvial workings and some sections of deep lead mining, as well as some areas of payable quartz mining. In the Dunolly /Ta rnagul la div is ions the aur ife rous ground was less extensive than in Korong, and al though in both div is ions some quite substantial nuggets had been found in relatively shallow ground, it is in the Korong division where they have been concentrated, and it is this which chiefly distinguishes it from all the other divisions in the district.
According to Dunn's list (39] fully 25 per cent. of the nuggets above a weight of 300 ounces which have been found in Victoria have come from within the Korong mining division, and of the 1,358 nuggets which have been recorded 305 (or 22.5 per cent) were found within that division; chiefly from Berlin/Rheola (197), Wedderburn (57), Kingower (27) and Mcintyre' s (14), in that order. Whilst this has been a significant feature of mining within the division, and one which is not found to such a degree elsewhere in the State, it has left little in the way of distinguishing surface features. On the contrary, both recent and earlier nugget discoveries have subsequently resulted in the complete obliteration of former features in their inunediate vicinity, as has occurred chiefly at Berlin/Rheola, Wedderburn and Kingower. As a consequence, these area do not feature highly in this survey, which has focus sed attention upon surviving historic mining features on the ground.
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What characterized mining in each of the divisions within the Maryborough district can also be used to characterize mining at the various centres within the Korong division itself, as is indicated in Table 1.
Based upon the early plans prepared by the mining surveyors and upon later mapping some 353 sites have been identified as requiring at least some form of inspection and site recording. These sites were distributed amongst the following areas of the Shire in this fashion (Figure 3):
Number Area of sites
Berlin/Rheola and Mcintyre's 59 Inglewood 81 Jericho/Wehla and Jordan 17 Kingower and Glenalbyn 28 Nine Mile, Garibaldi, Fenton's and Synnott's Diggings, and Burke's Flat 24 Wedderburn 107 Wychitella and Yorkshire Flat 31
255 of these sites have been visited and investigated. This represents 72.3 per cent. of the total number. The distribution of these sites is:
Number Percentage Area of sites completed
Berlin/Rheola and Mcintyre' s 48 81.3 Inglewood 67 82.6 Jericho/Wehla and Jordan 12 70.6 Kingower and Glenalbyn 20 71.5 Nine Mile, Garibaldi, Fenton's and Synnott's Diggings , and Burke's Flat 20 83.3 Wedderburn 69 64.5 Wychitella and Yorkshire Flat 19 61. 2.
It should now be evi dent that the uneven coverage , noted in all previous reports, has been remedied. All the major sites within all the mining areas within the shire have now been visited. Although further wo rk could be undertaken in all areas , it is now questionable whether this would be likely to uncover many more sites of any significant. For the first 152 sites visited yielded 33 significant sites, whereas the addition of a further 103 sites has yielded only another 6 significant sites.
To support the assessment of individual sites, an historical digest of workings, places, people and mining companies has been constructed which now extends to some 700 entries spanning the period from May 1859 (when the first Mining Department reports were publishe d} through to 1965 and occupies about 200 pages of text. It would have been valuable to have augmented this information with that published in the local newspapers, but as neither of the three principal papers are indexed with respect to mining activities , this work was considered beyond the scope of this survey. Information contained in several local his torie s and other articles, which appear to have been based in part on a reading of these papers, has however been included wherever ·-· ' .. ·-. ·· i: _, ; .... il -·~ '!~~t~~i - -~ . j y!~~ .
~: <:, \~ __; .. ·-: :-:.·;.: --"': . • : I • I ,,.---.--:: i .. . 1;7... ·.-- '· ·.. .._.,_.. : .\ - . ~ · Figure 3 : The areas of mining within the Shire ·~. I ·· • • . ~.- __ ,.. ··- ·-·· ...... - I• appropriate.
For each of the sites visited notes were made of what features were extant, i f any. Where appropriate, photographs were taken and, in s-ome cases, sketches were made of machinery foundations and the arrangement of workings. About 230 35mm. black and white photographs were taken and separately indexed. In conjunction with the historical data collected, a provisional evaluation of each site was made i n accordance with the criteria discussed in Annex 1, first with respect to similar sites elsewhere within the Shire and then, for the sites which rated most highly, with respect to similar sites elsewhere in Victoria. The evaluation has resulted in a ranking of each site firstly with respect to a level of importance on a scale from A through E, and then on the basis of whether that significance was of National, State or local extent.
Local significance was determined generally by historical association: the site of the first discovery of gold, a significant nugget, an economically important mine, a local identity or event. State and National significance were then assessed with respect to the significance of the site relative to mining elsewhere in Victoria and further afield. Levels of importance were an attempt to assess both the range of evidence presented and the integrity of the site. Sites for which there was documentary evidence for their existence, but for which there was no surface evidence were ranked at level E. Sites with some surf ace evidence, either as an isolated pocket or so disturbe d as to materially limit its potential for interpretation were ranked at level D. Sites which, despite a degree of disturbance. offered a range of surface evidence, some unique / exceptional feature ( s), or the potential for a fairly detailed site interpretation were ranked at level C. Sites ranked at levels A or B usually displayed few signs of recent disturbance , and the only distinction to be made between these levels was both with respect to the range of evidence and the extent to which each site, as presente d, needed to b e developed ( e .g. by the remova l of rubbish) in order for its heritage potential to be realized . It should be emphasized that each assessment has been made only on the superficial evidence presented at each site. No assessment of the archaeological potential of any site has been made, except in those few cases where it is obvious from what is v isible on the surface that more might be revealed by removal of some of the overburden.
The results of this evaluation are summarized briefly in Table 2 and in rather more detail in the Summary Shee ts contained in Annex 2. For those sites which ranked most highly, the individual entries (where some of the site information is combined with the available historical data) are contained in Annex 3.
Of the sites examined so far none is of National significance and only one, Berlin Flat (223), is clearly of State significance. Another, the reef workings on the swmnit of Welcome Hill (331), when taken together with the other reef and alluvial workings in the vicinity and the settlement s ites to the north (330 , 332, 339, 340 and 342), probably represents a site just within the boundary between State and local significance. This assessment might be confirmed after further site investigations.
The s ites which rank most highly at a local l e vel of significance are:
Nine Mile (139) , Matrix Reef (251, together with 252 and 253). Morning Star Reef (283), Wellington Gully (301), Pretty's Gully {318), Honeymoon Reef (324), and a site (351) containing battery sands which probably defines the site of one of the ·public crushing machines used at I nglewood in the 1860' s.
Other sites which also rate highly are:
Old Lead (9), Willi am Rush (10), Sailor• s· Gully (41), some shallow alluvial workings south of Chinamen's Hill (82), a patch of deeper alluvial workings east of the main road south from Wedderburn (115), Fenton's Diggings (140), Sunday Morning Reef (161 and 162), several alluvial workings at Wehla and Jordan (163, 164 and 177), Prince of Wales Reef (165, together with 163, 164, 169 and 177), deep lead alluvial workings in Hielenman' s Gully (183 and 184), shallow alluvial workings in Stockyard Gully (190), Union Reef (196), John's Paddock (218), Tyler's Flat (229, together with 234), Humbug Hills (244), No. l Gully (252), American Reef (279), Old Inglewood Lead (300), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302), Columbian Reef (308), Maxwell Reef battery sands (311), alluvial workings in Jackson's Gully (337), and March Reef (348 and 349).
There are, in addition, a number of other sites which should also be considered either because their historical significance is associated with low site integrity, or because they are either representative of a type of mining not found elsewhere at more significant sites or they are associated/ contiguous with sites which do have considerable h istorical significance. Such sites are:
Hard Hill and Nursery Flat (106), New Year Diggings I (141), Synnott's Diggings (144) , Fone's Reef (146), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings between Jericho and Jordan (169), Langham Flat (209). Christmas Flat (239), Orville (254), Possum Hill Lead (255), Buchanan Reef (280), Commissioner Lead (299), South Gordon mine (304), Bull Dog Gully (305), Brass Button Gully (327), Welcome Reef battery sands (330), Brass Button Gully (332) , Homeward Bound Reef (339) , All Nations Reef (340}, and Union Jack Reef (342).
Recommendation l: All sites of State significance, all sites of local significance of rank A or B, and a selection of sites of local significance of rank C which are associated with ·sites of higher significance should be given some form of protection under the proposed Planning Scheme. These sites are:
223 Berlin Flat 139 Nine Mile 251 Matrix Reef (together with 252 and 253) 283 Morning Star Reef 301 Wellington Gully 318 Pretty's Gully 324 Honeymoon Reef 331 Welcome Reef (together with 330, 332, 339, 340 and 342) 351 battery sands at Inglewood 41 Sailor's Gully 115 alluvial workings east of the main road at Wedderburn 140 Fenton's Diggings 162 Sunday Morning Reef (together with 161) 163 alluvia l workings and battery sands at Wehla 164 alluvial workings at Wehla 165 Prince of Wa les Reef 0 UU lL.J
177 alluvial workings south of Wehla 183 Hielenman's Gully (together with 184} 196 Union Reef 218 John's Paddock 229 Tyler's Flat ( together with 234} 244 Humbug Hills 252 No. 1 Gully 279 American Reef 300 Old Inglewood Lead 302 Groper's Gully and White Lead 308 Columbian Reef 311 Maxwell Reef battery sands 337 Jackson's Gully 141 New Year Diggings I 147 alluvial workings at Burke's Flat 209 Langham. Flat 239 Christmas Flat 305 Bull Dog Gully 330 Welcome Reef battery sands 332 Brass Button Gully, 339 Homeward Bound Reef 340 All Nations Reef 342 Union Jack Reef
Each of these 39 sites is described in some detail in Annex 3 and provided with an Australian grid reference which should make it possible to identify the principal feature(s) within a 100 metre grid. In some instances sites are both contiguous with, and are related to, one another. In such cases it would be convenient to group them together into clearly defined historic areas, thus:
Recommendation 2: At least these four historic mining areas should be defined within the proposed Planning Scheme:
1. Thompson's Gully Historic Ar-ea, comprising: Welcome Ree f, · Welcome Reef battery sands in Thompson's Gully, Brass Button Gully, Homeward Bound Reef, All Nations Reef and Union Jack Reef,
2. Wehla Historic Area, comprising: Prince of Wales Reef, alluvial workings and battery sands a t Wehla, alluvial workings at Wehla and alluvial workings south of Wehla,
3. Langham Flat Historic Area, comprising: John's Paddock and Langham Flat, and
4. Mcintyre's Historic Area, comprising: Matrix Reef, No. 1 Gully and St. John's Patch.
The proposed extent of these four areas is displayed in Figures 4 through 7.
These areas should function in a similar manner to historic areas in other planning schemes, where approved activities could be permitted provided that all due care was taken of clearly defined features. It should be noted that this recommendation is essentially directed towards the effective management of related clusters of sites. It is not intended that the individual sites contained within these proposed areas should themselves be invested with any gr eater significance than other sites which have already been assessed individually as of equal value, but which, by some geographic accident, happen to be relatively isolated. It should be noted that the one site which is clearly of State significance, Berlin Flat, is not contained within any historic area.
In some cases sites like Potter's Hill, Synnott's Diggings and Burke's Flat are presently being mined and their significance is being altered. At some time in the future all such sites should be re-evaluated, thus:
Recommendation 3: All sites where mining is currently proceeding should be re evaluated at the end of the permit/ lease period, and where necessary amendments should be made to the proposed Planning Scheme to p rovide such sites with whatever protec tion is appropriate.
Many sites would have been rated more highl y if they had been more intact and displayed a greater range of evidence. Apart from the remains of the gas producer plant (which was part of the State battery installation at Inglewood) and the remains of a Cornish flue boiler at Nine Mile, no historic site c ontained any plant, machinery or equipme nt appropriate to the period. This is chiefly because of the way that mining has developed within the Shire, the relative accessibility of most of the sites and the local demand for the re use of machinery, like steam boilers, for eucalyptus distillation. Many sites seem to have disappeared al together; ploughed in to make the land suitable once more for eucalyptus plantations or other forms of agriculture (Scandinavian Lead and Garibaldi Diggings), to prepare it for sale (Green Gully); or for housing (Main and Nursery flats); or they have been, or are being altered almost out of all recognition by more modern methods of gold extraction (Avoca Forest and Synnott's Diggings). Others have been used as a convenient dumping place for rubbish (Pink Lead and the Prince of Wales Reef). The general impression is that with v ery few exceptions the gold mining heritage of the Shire has not been cared for. and so any attempt now to utilize what is left will have to involve a commitment of time and resources to make the more significant sites safe, accessible and intelligible to visitors.
Reconnnendation 4: Resources should be made available from time to time to maintain significant sites clear of rubbish, to provide suitable access and to render them safe for visitors , to prepare historical notes which might be made available at libraries, schools and public offices, and to erect and maintain interpretive signs at the various sites.
With some care it should be possible to turn the relative accessibility of these sites to advantage and provide visitors with a range of evidence about past mining activities within the Shire which could provide a solid basis for tourism. I I.. _ ___ -- ---J - I ,--- I r;:__,f- ,~
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Figure 4: The boundaries of the proposed Thompson's
Source: 1:25 000 "Inglewood North." No. 7624-1-N, Victoria, Department of Property and Services, 1988. ,_. c--- c:_
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Figure 5 : The boundaries of the proposed Weh la historic area
Sources: 1:25 000 "Rheola North." No. 7624-4-N, Victoria, Department of Property and Services, 1989. 1 : 25 000 "Rheola South." No. 7624-4-S, Victoria, Department of Property and Services, 1989 , __ ·. i I1: .. . "·. '· Q \ I -- ,. 6: of the
Sources : 1:25 000 "Rheola North." No. 7624-4-N, Victoria, Department Property and Services, 1989. 1:25 000 "Rheola South. " No. 7624-4-S, Victoria, Department of Property and Services, 1989 Figure 7: The boundaries of the proposed Mcintyre's historic area
Source: 1:25 000 nRheola South.n No. 7624-4-S, Victoria, Dep artment of Property and Services, 1989 l :u ,.i ', ~- U ) 1. • )
TABLE 1: SIGNIFICANT MINING SITES CLASSIFIED BY TYPE
Mining centres Type of mining Korong/Wedderburn (1852-1991)
1. Alluvial mining
1.1 shallow alluvial mining 1.11 tub and cradle workings 41 Sailor 's Gully 82 area south of Chinamen 's Hill 115 workings east of the main road 1.12 puddling machine sites 1.13 hydraulic sluicing 1.14 cement hills 106 Hard Hill and Nursery Flat 1.15 surface lead workings
1.2 deep lead mining
2 . Quartz mining
2 .1 shallow reef workings
2.2 company mining
2 .3 machinery sites
Mining centres Type of mining Mcintyre's (1852- 1913)
1. Alluvial mining
1.1 shallow alluvial mining l.ll tub and cradle workings 252 No. 1 Gully 1.12 puddling machine sites 1.13 hydraulic sluicing 252 No. 1 Gully 253 St. John's Patch 1.14 cement hills 1.15 surface lead workings
1.2 deep lead mining
2. Quartz mining
2.1 shallow reef workings 251 Matrix Reef
2.2 company mining
2.3 machinery sites 251 Matrix Reef Table 1 ctd.
Mining centres Type of mining Kingower and Glenalbyn (1853-1980)
1. Alluvial mining
1.1 shallow alluvial mining 1.11 tub and cradle workings 190 Stockyard Gully 1.12 puddling machine sites 1.13 hydraulic sluicing 1.14 cement hills 1.15 surface lead workings 183 Hielerunan's Gully 184 Evan's Lead
1.2 deep lead mining
2. Quartz mining
2.1 shallow reef workings
2.2 company mining 196 Union Reef
2.3 machinery sites Table 1 ctd.
!Mining centres Type of mining Berlin/Rheola (1856-1955)
1. Alluvial mining
1.1 shallow alluvial mining 1.11 tub and cradle workings 209 Langham Flat 223 Berlin Flat 229 Tyler's Flat 235 Christmas Flat 1.12 puddling machine sites 1.13 hydraulic s luicing 223 Berlin Flat 218 John's Paddock 1.14 cement hills 244 Humbug Hills 1.15 surface lead workings
1.2 deep lead mining
2 . Quartz mining
2.1 shallow reef workings
2.2 company mining
2.3 machinery sites •.. ii!. : Uv d j_ .:)
Table 1 ctd.
Mining centres Type of mining Synnott's, Fenton's and Avoca Forest (1856-1991)
1. Alluvial mining
1.1 shallow alluvial mining 1.11 tub and cradle workings 140 Fenton's Diggings 144 Synnott's Diggings 1.12 puddling machine sites 1.13 hydraulic sluicing 1.14 cement hills 1.15 surface lead workings 141 New Year Diggings
1.2 deep lead mining
2. Quartz mining
2.1 shallow reef workings
2.2 company mining
2.3 machi nery sites
Mining centres Type of mining jJericho/Wehla and Jordan (1856-1913 ) 1. Alluvial mining
1.1 shallow alluvial mining 1.11 tub and cradle workings 163, 164, 169 and 177 Wehla alluvial workings 1.12 puddling machine sites 1.13 hydraulic sluicing 1.14 cement hills 1.15 surface lead workings
1.2 deep lead mining
2. Quartz mining
2.1 shallow reef workings 165 Prince of Wales Reef
2.2 company mining 165 Prince of Wales Reef
2.3 machinery sites 163 Wehla battery site Table 1 ctd.
Mining centres Type of mining Burke's Flat (1858-1991)
1. Alluvial mining
1.1 shallow alluvial mining 1.11 tub and cradle workings 147 alluvial workings 1.12 puddling machine sites 1.13 hydraulic sluicing 1.14 cement hills 1.15 surface lead workings
1.2 deep lead mining
2. Quartz mining
2.1 shallow reef workings
2 .2 company mining 146 Fone•s Reef
2.3 machinery sites Table 1 ctd.
Mining centres Type of mining Inglewood (1859-1991)
1. Alluvial mining
1.1 shallow alluvial mining 1.11 tub and cradle workings 299 Commissioner's Lead 301 Wellington Gully 302 Groper's Gully and White Lead 305 Bull Dog Gully 318 Pretty's Gully 332 Brass Button Gully 337 Jackson's Gully 1.12 puddling machine sites 300 Old Inglewood Lead 301 Wellington Gully 318 Pretty's Gully 332 Brass Button Gully 337 Jackson's Gully 1.13 hydraulic sluicing 318 Pretty's Gully 327 Brass Button Gully 1.14 cement hills 1.15 surface lead workings 302 Groper's Gully and White Lead
1 .2 deep lead mining 300 Old Inglewood Lead
2. Quartz mining
2.1 shallow reef workings 279 American Reef 304 South Gordon mine 324 Honeymoon Reef 331 Welcome Reef 339 Homeward Bound Reef 340 All Nations Reef 342 Union Jack Reef
2.2 company mining 280 Buchanan Reef 283 Morning Star Reef 308 Columbian Reef 348 March Reef
2.3 machinery sites 283 Morning Star Reef 311 Maxwell Reef battery sands 330 Welcome Reef battery sands 331 Welcome Reef 350 March Reef 351 battery sands near Calder Highway Table 1 ctd.
Mining centres Type of mining Garibaldi Diggings (1860-1889)
1. Alluvial mining
1.1 shallow alluvial mining 1.11 tub and cradle workings 153 New Garibaldi Lead 161 alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef 1.12 puddling machine sites 1.13 hydraulic sluicing 1.14 cement hills 1.15 surface lead workings
1.2 deep lead mining
2. Quartz mining
2 .1 shallow reef workings 162 Sunday Morning Reef
2.2 company mining
2. 3 machinery sites
Mining centres Type of mining Woolshed and Yorkshire flats (1860-1903)
1. Alluvial mining
1.1 shallow alluvial mining 1.11 tub and cradle workings 9 Old Lead 10 William Rush 1.12 puddling machine sites 1.13 hydraulic sluicing 1.14 cement hills 1.15 surface lead workings
1.2 deep lead mining
2. Quartz mining
2.1 shallow reef workings
2 .2 company mining
2.3 machinery sites LL.JU ~.:..
Table 1 ctd.
Mining centres Type of mining Nine Mile (1861-1912)
1. Alluvial mining
1.1 shallow alluvial mining 1.11 tub and cradle workings 1.12 puddling machine sites 1.13 hydraulic sluicing 1.14 cement hills 1.15 surface lead workings
1.2 deep lead mining
2. Quartz mining
2.1 shallow reef workings
2.2 company mining 139 Nine Mile
2.3 machinery sites 139 Nine Mile
Mining centres Type of mining Possum Hill/Orville (1876-1889)
1. Alluvial mining
1.1 shallow alluvial mining 1.11 tub and cradle workings 1.12 puddling machine sites 1.13 hydraulic sluic ing 1.14 cement hills 254 Orville 1.15 surface lead workings 255 Possum Hill Lead
1.2 deep lead mining
2. Quartz mining
2 . 1 shallow reef workings
2.2 company mining
2.3 machinery sites Table 1 ctd.
Mining centres Type of mining Wychitella {1883-1889)
1. Alluvial mining
1.1 shallow alluvial mining 1.11 tub and cradle workings 1.12 puddling machine sites 1.13 hydraulic sluicing 1.14 cement hills 1.15 surface lead workings
1.2 deep lead mining
2. Quartz mining
2.1 shallow reef workings
2.2 company mining
2.3 machinery sites TABLE 2
SITES RANKED ACCORDING TO THEIR LEVELS OF SIGNIFICANCE
Area of significance/ Total Level of importance number Site No.
State significance A B c D 1 223
Local significance A 5 139, 251, 283, 318, 331 B 17 140, 163, 164, 165, 177, 218, 229, 244 , 252, 279, 300' 301, 308, 311, 324, 337, 351 c 33 9, 10, 41, 82, 106, 115, 141, 146, 147, 153, 169, 183, 184, 190, 196, 209, 234, 235, 254, 255, 280, 299, 304, 305, 324, 327, 330, 332 , 339, 340, 342, 348, 349 D 23 15, 68, 80, 86, 97, 98, 216, 286, 288, 291, 298, 307, 313, 328, 329, 334, 335, 336, 344, 347, 349, 350, 352 E 21 11, 52, 53, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 81, 84, 94, 95, 144, 210, 217, 222, 253, 284, 289, 296
No significance A B 1 264 c 10 103, 161, 162, 172, 176, 276, 277, 285, 302, 314 D 37 12, 13, 17, 23, 34' 56, 72, 99, 102, 105, 107, 108, 114, 123, 129, 13 7' 157, 160, 161, 162, 170, 173, 174, 181, 182, 187, 236, 241, 242, 257, 258, 261, 282, 287, 293, 301, 326 E 109 14, 16, 18, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 2 7 t 31, 39, 50, 51, 54, 55, 57, 69, 70, 71, 74, 76, 79, 85, 87. 88, 96, 100, 101, 104, 109, 110, 121, 122, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 132, 133, 135, 136, 142, 143, 145, 150, 151, 152, 154, 155 , 156, 170, 171, 175, 185, 189, 191, 192, 195, 197, 200, 221, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 231, 232, 233, 237, 238, 239, 240, 243, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 256, 259, 260, 262, 263, 265, 266, 272, 273, 274, 275, 278, 281, 290, 292, 294, 297, 306, 312, 315, 316, 319, 321, 322, 323, 325, 341, 345 LIST 1: A CHRONOLOGY OF GOLD DISCOVERIES WITHIN THE KORONG MINING DIVISION
Note 1: The numbers in square brackets designate the references l isted in the Bibliography.
Date jEve_n_t~~~~~~- ~ gold discovered at Korong (later named Wedderburn) by Brady, but discovery not officially recognized (3,4J 05 .1852. gold officially discovered at Korong /Wedderburn by Henry Thomas Cullen, William Adams, Richard Higgs and T. W. White (3,4] 08.1852 a 7 pound nugget found at Korong/Wedderburn and the area rushed by 6,000 miners; mining centred on Golden Gully, Main Flat, Nursery Gully. Queen's Gully, Steel' s Gully and Welshman's Point; Specimen Hill Reef discovered after specimens had been found on the surface 1of a hill about one mile north of the post office at Korong/ Wedderburn; very rich crushi ngs, up to 40 ounces per ton, taken out after crushing machinery erected in 1860; reef worked to 125 feet nd then abandoned when water got heavy [4] 10.1852 gold discovered on James Mcintyre's sheep run [l] 12 .1852 gradual increase in population of Korong /Wedderbu["n to between 6,000 and 7,000 [4] 08.1853 Captain John G. Mechoski officially recognized for discovery of gold at Kingower; actual discovery thought by some to be due to four Canadians (3] 1853 extension of mining at Korong/Wedde rburn to Poverty Gully and Schiser Gully; 96 ounce nugget found by James Bangery at Potter's Hill, Korong/Wedderburn [4] 1854 5,000 miners in a rush to Kingower 07. 1854 discovery of Potter's Hill Reef, about 1.5 miles west of Wedderburn; 200-300 ounces found on the surface the morning after the discove["y; many nuggets, including one of 96 ounces , found within 2 or 3 feet of the surface (4) 1854 144 ounce nugget found by T. W. Cosh at Possum Point, Korong/Wedderburn; 96 ounce nugget found by James Rogerson in Steel's Gully, Korong/Wedderburn; 77 ounce nugget found by Firth at Welshman's Point, Korong/Wedderburn (4 ) 1854 282 ounce nugget found at Kingower {39] 01.1855 very little rain at Korong/Wedderburn since June 1853; mining population varying between 100 and 300 with most work confined to Golden, Queen's, ~ursery and Steel's gullies and the upper portion of Main Flat (4] 24.02.1855 Campbell's Reef discovered in alluvial ground on Main Flat 12 fee t from the surface by Alexander Campbell about 150 yards east of the main street at Korong/Wedderburn [4] 06.1855,floods washed out all the workings along Campbell's Reef, fKorong/Wedderburn and the whole line was abandoned [4J ll.1855 1gold discovered at Smith's Patch. Korong/Wedderburn by D. Leighton, jW· Gilfillan and I. Steel; this covered an area of 20 acres near jthe Police Camp and success here laid the basis for a continuation !of mining general l y throughout the vicinity (4] 1856!Captain Smith found gold a t Smith's Gully, Rheola (l] Chronology ctd.
Date I Event
1856 gold discovered at Canadian Hill on a property owned by Marcus and Albert Synnot: 2, 000 miners camped along the Avoc a River and supplied with a street of stores (15) 1856 Jericho Lead discovered at Jericho/Wehla; by June 1861 the various reefs had been found and the Granite Company had a 15 head battery driven by a 20 horsepower steam engine; the f i rst crushing of 30 tons had r eturned 220 ounces of gold and a further 2,000 tons of stone was at grass . Mining continued here in a major way until ,1874, by which time between 48,000 and 60,000 ounces of gold had 'i been obtained. Reef mining continued in a sporadic fashion and with poor results until 1913. Between 1897 and 1899 Salisbury !treated the dumps by the cyanide process and obtained over 3,500 ! ounces of gold {l,20,38,41,42,55) 1 18561255 ounce nugget f ound by John Hassett in Pot ter's Hill Gully, Korong/Wedderburn; others weighing between 50 and 100 ounces found lby John Reach in the same area; a 300 ounce nugget found at a depth of 6 feet 6 inches in the Potato Diggings, Korong/Wedderburn [4.39] 13 .03.1857 discovery of 805 ounce nugget by Charles Mccartin and Patrick Mulcahy at a depth of one foot in No. 1 Gully, Mcintyre' s (Wet Diggings) (1,39) 05.05. 1857 ldiscovery of The McEvoy nugget (1068 ounces (or 810 ounces)) on the i surface near the Matrix Reef at Mcintyre ' s by Nicholas McEvoy and iWalter Palmer; 20,000 pounds worth of gold obtained f rom shallow ' sinkings on the reef where it outcropped on the surface including 227, 136, 107, 57 and 26 ounce nuggets found near the reef [1,39,40] 27.08.1857!discovery1 of Blanche Barkly nugget (1,743 ounces 13 pennywei ghts) ,by Robert Ambrose, James Ambrose, Samuel Na pier and Charles Napier l at Kingower, at a depth of 13 feet [1,39] 1857 !Campbell's Re ef, Korong/Wedderburn, taken up by William Jones; work j continued up to 1868 when all the stone had been taken out above ithe waterline [4) 1857 gold discovered in cement at Glasgow Hill. Korong/Wedderburn, by J. Somerville and W. Turnbull; a considerable amount of cement crushed over the next few years from this and other deposits in the vic inity {4) 1857 Kanaka Reef discovered by John Rennie and Richard Owen in alluvial ground in Queen's Gully, Korong/Wedderburn. The surface stone averaged 36 ounces per ton and about 3,000 ounces of gold was (obtained from ground worked for 300 feet to a depth of no more than 40 feet. Subsequent attempt s to work the reef proved failures [4] 1857 73 ounce nugget found by Jessu p in lronbark Gully, Korong/Wedderbur n: 72 ounce nugget found by James Lubbock in Snow's Gully, Korong/Wedderburn [4] 09.18581 300 ounce nugget found at a depth of 6 f eet at Mcintyre ' s [l,39) 10.1858lgold discovered in the hills surrounding Burke's Flat; 1,500 claims itaken up and 2,000 miners at work on the cement hills [19] 1858jFord's, Frenchman ' s, Lane's and Scotch J ock's reefs disc overed at ' Korong/Wedderburn [4] 0 iJ iJ.:.: '
Chronology ctd.
Date Event
1858 192 ounce nugget found by Frank Gallagher at Italian Point, Korong/Wedderburn; 71 ounce nugget found by James Pretty in Bacca !Flat, Korong/Wedderburn; 55 ounce nugget found by John Harton in !Long Gully, Korong/Wedderburn [4] 05.l8S9:only 500 miners left at Kingower (71] 06.1859[rush to the head of New Chum Gully, Kingower, with sinkings in 2 to j3 feet of red clay and gravel; 3,200 miners (including 800 Chinese iminers) working the alluvial deposits at Korong/Wedderburn; 3 steam !engin es , 3 stamp batteries and 36 puddling machines in operation ! (71] 08.1859 j360 ounce nugget found in a shallow hole in No. 3 Gully at :Mcintyre's . 1,800 miners still working at Korong/Wedderbur:n. Rush !to Saw Pit Gully, Kingower [71] 09.1859 176 ounce nugget found in Sawpit Gully, Kingower; the largest found jin that particular locality up to that time (71] 11.1859 i gold discovered at Thomp son's Gully , Old Inglewood by Alexander Thompson, Joseph Thompson, Thomas Thompson and Joseph Honey (3,5,6,8,9,l0,71] 27.11.1859 first claim marked out on the Old Inglewood Reef at Inglewood by G. Carte r, J. Stewart, J. Edel and W. Thompson; 13,000 pounds worth of gold obtained in the firs t few months of operation, including 825 ,ounces from 93 tons of stone taken from the 70 foot level [10 } 30.ll.1859!first claim marked out on the Columbian Reef at Inglewood by Heron, Wright , Wheeler and St. John; the first crushing of 22 tons from the prospectors' claim yielded 2,316 ounces of gold, the second of 80 tons 4,017 ounces, and up to 1866 26,127 ounces had been !obtained from 4,435 tons of stone. For almost 35 years, despite severi\l attempts to rework the mine, it remained unproductive. Eventually, in 1900 the Great Co lumbian Company began operations and for a number of years ·achieved considerable success. The shaft was eventually sunk to 722 feet, 12,868 ounces of gold were obtained from 36,664 tons of stone and over 10,000 pounds were paid in dividends. The mine closed in 1911 when prospects became poor. Between 1898 and 1900 almost 14,000 tons of tailings were cyanided for a return of about 730 ounces of gold [5.10,25,61,71,73] 12.1859 Maxwell 's Reef at Inglewood discovered by the three Laidlaw brothers, Gilchrist and White. Up to the end of 1861 5,915 ounces of gold had been obtained from 1,762 tons of stone. By the end of l1866 19, 426 ounces had been obtained from 13, 3 62 tons of stone . The stone became poorer below the water line; development faltered and despite amalgamations and reorganizations production slowed considerably. Up to 1898 24, 3 40 ounces had been obtained from 15,200 tons of stone the great majority of which had been taken out from above the 200 foot level. In 1903 a substantial winding and 1pumping plant was erected over the old main shaft which was then 1soo feet deep; but despite vigorous prospecting of all levels and r the eventual sinking of the main shaft to l, 100 feet little was i recover ed and the mine was closed down and the plant sold off in jl912. There was a brief revival of interest in the mine in 1934, Jbut there were difficulties in unwatering the shaft, prospecting of Chronology ctd.
Date !Event
!t he upper levels was disappointing, and the mine was closed again jbY 1936. In recent years the mine has been re-opened by Goldquest !with some success (5,6,8,9,10,37,48,61,71,73] 1859j192 ounce nugget found in Ironbark Gully, Korong/Wedderburn; 82 .ounce nugget found by John Harton at Judy Point, Korong/Wedderburn; 51 ounce nugget found by William Sande rs in Peep 0' Day Gully, I1Korong/Wedderburn [4] 18S91miners at work in Thompson's Gully near Rose Hill in the north, and from there southwards through Wellington, Groper's, Queen's, Bulldog and Psalm Singer's gullies, with some claims getting 10 to 20 ounces per load (5,6,8,9,10] 01.1860 gold discovered in cement at Potters Hill, New Inglewood, by Thomas Potter, Henry Irvine and Samuel McKean. 6,500 miners at work in the area, with only 2,000 at work in the remainder of the division [3,5,6,8,9,10,71) 02.1860 16,000 miners at Inglewood; diggings gradually being· extended east towards the Loddon River. An unofficial main street 2,000 yards l ong in operation [71] 03.1860 24,360 miners at work in the Korong division; this was the.larg~st population of miners ever at work in this area [71] 04.1860 26 pounds of nuggets found at Skipper's Gully, Jordan/Wehla [71) 04. 1860 deep leads at both Old and New Inglewood progressing steadily [71] 0 4 .186 0 j 9 6 ounce nugget found in McKenzie's Gully, Kingowe r; the largest found in that particular locality up to that time; a 200 ounce nugget was rumoured to have been discovered nearby [71] 03.05.1860 Aubin marked out a prospecting claim on Jersey Reef, Inglewood, for the first time. Gold was found on 07. 05 .1860 but proved to be unpayable and the ground was abandoned. Aubin took up the ground again on 14.01.1861 and six months later found payable gold at 85 feet . 13 ounces 4 pennyweights of gold was obtained from the first crushing of 8 tons, and up to 15.10.1864 9,897 ounces was obtained from 3,408 tons of stone taken from down to 150 feet. By the end of 1866 from all the claims along the reef 17,139 ounces had been obtained from 9, 935 tons of stone. Below 200 feet, or near the water line, the reef was faulted and returns below this level were not so remunerative; only 2,567 ounces 17 pennyweights of gold been obtained between 01.11.1878 and 01.1886, or shortly before the mine was reorganized. Despite rather more vigorous development i the next few years the returns did not improve and operations were Isuspended by March 1889 [5,6,8,9,10,28,71) 11.18601quartz miners outnumbered alluvial miners at Inglewood 4,500 to l l,500; 70 distinct reefs being worked over an extended length [71) Ford and party extracted 7,000 pounds worth of gold with a puddling machine from conglomerate found on the Morning Star claim south !west of Inglewood and on the Columbian line of reef. A rich quartz !' reef was found at a depth of 12 feet and in the next four years ~ 3,231 ounces of gold was obtained from 1,268 tons of stone down to ; 130 feet. By the end of 1866 7,516 ounces had been obtained from ;s,472 tons of stone, but little else wa s found up to 1898. Between : March 1873 and March 1880 the ground appears to have been Chronology ctd.
Date Event
completely idle. The mine was re-organized at this time and although the shaft was eventually deepened to 375 feet only a few rich patches were encountered and development was spasmodic until 1890. There was a brief revival between 1904 and 1907 when 1,347 ounces of gold were obtained from 3,833 tons of stone before the mine was finally closed down. The site was subsequently used for a suction gas engine driven 5 head Government stamp battery between 1915 and at least 1941 {5,6,8,9,10,71,73) 12.1860 1,400 alluvial miners and 4,000 quartz miners at work on over 100 reefs and 11. 5 square miles of ground in the Inglewood area; 30 puddling machines and 9 stamp batteries operating, including at least these five public crushing facilities: Duke of Cornwall machine (1864-1869), Harvey's machine (-1864), Lady Darling machine (1860-1869). Prince Albert Machine (1864-1866}, and Victoria machine (1864-1866}. The reefs were eventually shown to be contained in six distinct lines from Green Hills in the west through Jersey. Columbian, Maxwell, Daly, Buchanan and Commissioners ~n the east, of which the Jersey, Columbian and Maxwell were the richest. Up to the end of 1866 almost 100,000 ounces of gold had been obtained from these reefs and most of the mines had been worked to the water line at about 250 feet. Development stopped at this point, and i n the next 30 years only another 10,000 ounces was obtained, chiefly from surface workings [5,52,61,71] 12.1860 1,800 alluvial miners and 100 quartz miners at work in the Kingower area; 3 square miles of ground occupied (71] 12.1860 gold found by E. Flannery and a mate at Yorkshire Flat, ten miles north of Wedderburn. The area north from Woolshed Flat was rushed by some 600 miners, but by March many of these had gone elsewhere and the area then continued to support a mining population which varied between 11 and 76 up to the end of 1889. In 1883 there was a small rush towards Wychitella, but this soon proved to be a failure. It marked the most northerly extremity of the original Korong Diggings (4.71) 1850 Champion, Corella, General Grant, Green's and Lincoln reefs discovered at Korong/Wedderburn [4] 1860 two S 5 ounce nuggets found by John Finn in Finn's Flat, .Korong/Wedderburn; 55 ounce nugget found by George Dupuy in Tin Pot Gully, Korong/Wedderburn (4) 1860 gold found at Garibaldi Diggings by James Mason and others. There does not appear to have been any great rush and the sinkings from 3 to 8 feet deep on washdirt appear to have supported a small mining population at least until December 1889 [3,71] 02.1861 782 ounce nugget found on the surface just below the cap of the Matrix Reef at Mcintyre's; 493, 234, 198, 77, 57 and 54 ounce nuggets found at shallow depths in Evan's Gully, Glenalbyn [35.39,40,71] Chronology ctd.
Date !Event
I 02 .1861 I some gold found in a small gully by Wicks and party, about 0. 7 5 !miles from Fen ton's Nine Mile Hut and nine miles west of Wedderburn. In 1866 Bell found a small reef and sank a shaft 50 ~feet to get two crushings which yielded half an ounce to the ton. !By 1879 there was a small rush to the area which, when it subsided, icontinued to support a population of between 4 and 10 miners, at J !east until December 1889. In March 1899 the Nine Mile Company j commenced operations and up to the end of 1910 succeeded in :obtaining 16,292 ounces of gold from 42,885 tons of stone taken Jfrom down to 600 feet. At this level the reef became much poorer; ! the farmers complained about the salty mine water and eventually ) the mine closed and the plant was sold at auction in March 1912 ~ [4 ,17 ' 71, 73) 03.186ljl52 ounce nugget found at Evan's Gully, Glenalbyn [71] 04.186li281 ounce 10 pennyweight nugget found at a shallow depth in Evan's ! ;Gully, Glenalbyn [71] 06.1861 )68 ounce nugget found at Red Clay Gully, Kingower, near Green Hill; j90, 50. 56 and 54 ounce nuggets a lso found at Ki ngower [71) 06.1861 1quartz mi ning at Korong/Wedderburn at a standstill with most reefs· !worked to the waterline at a depth of no more than about 100 feet; Jquartz mining remain dull in this area until a small revival after ; 1888, with the discovery and working of new reefs both south west i and north east of the township [4,24,36,56 ,58,59,66,68,69,70,71) 07.186l l a great many nuggets found, varying from 10 to 90 ounces, and all within one or two feet of the surface [71) 08.1861 more than 300 pounds weight of nuggets found at Kingower, varying from one ounce to 25 pounds in weight, and at depths from 3 inches to 2 feet below the surface. A 25 pound nugget was found 6.5 inches from the surface. The area was facetiously referred to as the Potatoe Diggings; a 300 ounce nugget found at a depth of 6 feet in Billy Goat Gully, Kingower [39,71) 11.1861 124 ounce nugget found at the bottom of a 26 foot shaft on Wisbeach Hill, 2 miles west of Kingower, on the road to Jericho [1,71] 12.1861 10 and 12 pounds of nuggets found in shallow ground in the vicinity of Korong/Wedderburn (71] 01.1862 340 ounce nugget found at Long Gully, Kingower (39,71) 01.1862 40 pound nugget found on the surface at Woolshed Flat, about 6 miles north of Wedderburn [71] 02.1862 several large nuggets found at Kingowe r [71) 03.1862 Smit h, J ewel l, Binney and Dahl took up ground on March Reef (Jersey line) at Ingl ewood which had original ly been worked by the Hunter brot hers without making it pay . The first crushing of 2.5 tons of stone yielded almost 14 ounces of gol d, and up to September 1865 6,167 ounces of gold was obtained from 5,790 tons of stone. In the Un ity claim to the south for the pe riod up to 22.01.1866 8,269 ounces of gold was obtained from 10,038 tons of stone. Up to the end of 1866 15,291 ounces had been obtained from 17,407 tons of ';stone taken from a wide formation down to about 200 feet. Although ; the workings were subsequently deepened to almost 450 feet, and !des pite the amalgamation of three of the main companies working i UJUJA
Chronology ctd.
D_a_t_e _ __ j Event lalong this line of reef the returns did not match those obtained in the period up to 1867, and by 1875 operations had been suspended and all the machinery sold and removed. By 1898 15,484 ounces of gold had been obtained from 16,762 tons of stone (10,61,71] 12.1862 49, 18 and 7 ounce nuggets found at Possum Point, Golden Gully, Korong/Wedderburn (71} 1862 75 ounce nugget found by H. Pre ssnell in Bac ca Flat, Korong/Wedderburn [4] 1862 Fone's Reef discovered at Burke's Flat by Bob Miller and Jim Davis ; ground abandoned after a few days and taken up by John Morley and William Fane; reef worked down to 150 f eet. A battery was erected in 1866 and by 1868 this was the most prosperous part of the Korong lmining division. Crushings continued regularly until 1884 when the !workings at No. 8 level (at 880 feet) collapsed, the mine was closed, and all the machinery was sold off and removed. 43,000 ounces of gold obtained from 100 ,000 tons of stone and an estimated 51,000 pounds of gold subsequently extracted from the dumps up to 1908 (19,38,57,71] 07 .1863 nuggets weighing from 8 to 26 ounces each found near Camp Hill, Korong/Wedderburn [71] 1863 ,55 ounce nugget found by Trotman and Hayes at Judy Point, ·Korong/Wedderburn (4) 03.1864 27 , 24, 21 and 18 ounce nuggets found at Glenalbyn [71] 06.1865 11 pound troy nugget found at Korong after the original prospectors had abandoned the ground [71 ) 1865 Rodger Reef discovered at Wedderburn [4] 1866 114 ounce nugget found by Philip Archey in Main Flat, Korong/ Wedderburn ( 4) 08 .1868 Alexander Clelland found a 40 ounce nugget . a t .the bottom of a shallow shaft just outside John's upper paddock at Berlin/Rheola ; this initiated the rush to Berlin and by the end of the year miners were at work in Cle 1 land's, Fortunate, Power's, Sheepshead, Gilmore' s and New Chum gullies [1 ,71) 09.1868 3 to 5 pound nuggets commonly found at Be rlin/Rheola; 500 miners at work on Berlin Fla t [71] 15 .10 .1868 456 ounce nugget found at a shallow depth in Allotment No. 20, !Fortunate Gully, Berlin/Rheola; a 288 ounce nugget found in shallow jground in Fortunate Gully at an unknown date (1,39] 19. 10.1868 Bank of New South Wales at Inglewood displayed nuggets with a total weight of 1021 ounces 10 pennyweights which had been found at Berlin [l] 10.1868 gold discovered by Power in Power's Gully (l] 11.1868 1286 ounce nugget found at a depth of 5 feet at Berlin/Rheola £1,39 ] 1868 150 ounc e nugget found by Riley and Murphy in Ironbark Gully, 1IKorong/Wedderburn (4 ] 12.03.18691893 ounce nugget found by Patrick Hoare and James Hoare at a depth :of 20 f eet in Langham Fla t, Berlin/Rheola; 672 ounce nugget found jat a depth of 12 feet at Tyler's Rush, Berlin/Rheola; a 624 ounce !nugget also found at a depth of 9 feet in Langham Flat, north of )Gilmore's Gully, Berlin/Rheola, at an unknown date [1,39,71) Chronology ctd.
Date Event
03.1869 2,000 miners at Berlin/Rheola [71] 15.06.1869 ! 336 ounce nugget found by J. F. Gardiner and Company at a depth of 9 feet in Langham Flat, Berlin/Rheola (1,39} 06.1869 Berlin rush extended to Tyler's Bridge [71] 11.09.1869 600 ounce nugget found at a depth of 12 feet in Allotment No. 14, Berlin/Rheola [1,391 09.1869 480 ounce nugget found by a party of Chinese miners at a depth of 12 feet in Catto's Paddock. Berlin/Rheola; Berlin rush responsible jfor doubling the output of gold for the quarter; 3,000 miners on !the field [1,39,71] 1869 i3,000 miners at Tyler's Rush [71) 31.05.1870 discovery of Viscount Canterbury nugget (1,114 ounces) by Solomon Schlossman and John Davis at a depth of 8 feet in Allotment No. 12, John's Paddock.• Berlin/Rheola [l, 39, 71] 06.1870 8,000 ounces of gold obtained in the neighbourhood of Berlin/Rheola during the past quarter [71] 03 . 10.1870 ldiscovery of Viscountess Canterbury nugget (912 ounces) by Felstead and party at a depth of 6 feet 6 inches in Allotment No. 21, John's Paddock, Berlin/Rheola [1,39,71] 11.11.1870 452 ounce 17 pennyweights nugget found by John Rogers and party at i a depth of 4 feet at Mcintyre's (39) 12.1870 lrush to Christmas Flat, as a continuation of the Tyler's Bridge lrush [71] 05.0l.187l ldiscovery of Precious nugget (l,717 ounces) by Ah Chang and party at a depth of 12 feet in Catto' s Paddock, Berlin/Rheola; a 500 ! ounce nugget was also found at a depth of 12 feet in Catto' s !Paddock, Berlin/Rheola, at an unknown date [1,39,71] 03.1871 j 333 ounce 14 pennyweight nugget found by W. Brown and W. Collins at ja depth of 9 feet in Christmas Flat, Berlin/Rheola; other nuggets ' up to 5 pounds in weight also found in the same area; a 1,000 ounce and a 528 ounce 8 pennyweight nugget also found at Christmas Flat at unknown dates [1,39,71] 17.04.1871 discovery of Kum Tow nugget (759 ounces 19 pennyweights) by Loo Ching and party at a depth of l2 feet 6 inches in Catto's Paddock, .Berlin/Rheola. 718 ounce 5 pennyweight nugget found by a party of Chinese in Catto•s paddock at Berlin [1,39,71] 10.05.1871!246 ounce 16 pennyweight nugget (The Needful) discovered by 1 jGardiner and Company in Catto's paddock, Berlin [1,39 ) 06.1871 t several nuggets varying from one ounce to 12 pounds also discovered !in Catto's paddock, Berlin, during the past quarter [71] 03.1872 jexodus of miners from Berlin [71] 08.05.1872 512 ounce nugget found by Scott and Murphy at a depth of 9 feet in Christmas Flat, Berlin/Rheola [l,39,71] 05.1872 gold discovered at Avoca Forest/Logan by Joseph Norris, H. Robson, W. Hir sch, J. McCabe, E. Robson, R. Thowless and J. Nelson [15] 03 . 1873 rush to Avoca Forest; 640 miners on the ground and population 1remained above 100 until June 1876 (71] 12.1874 196 ounce nugget found in the prospector's claim at Langham's Flat, 1Bedin; 300 miners at Hard Hills. Berlin/Rheola, with sinkings '. varying from 25 to 47 feet in hard cement [1,71] Chronology ctd.
Date Event
01.10.1875 gold discovered by John Blinkworth, George Hutchinson and party at Possum Hill/Orville; 29 liquor stores established in a street of shops. By February 1876 half a mile of ground had been taken up almost as far as Moonlight Hill. By 14.03.1876 between 1,000 and 1,200 miners were at work, half of whom were Chinese. On 08. 04 .1876 a Chinese miner was reported to have found a 20 pound nugget, and by May the total number at work had risen to 4, 000. The rush ended almost as quickly as it began. By December 1879 there were only 90 miners and from 1882 until December 1889 the [area supported no more than 30 miners (1,71] 10.1876fexodus of miners from Possum Hill [1,71] 1876·,1 70 ounce nugget found by Thomas Linklater at Korong/Wedderburn (4] 06.1879 48 ounce nugget found in the Nardoo Ranges [71] 12.1881171 ounce nugget found by Brooker and Hare from an 18 foot sinking lat Old Inglewood; 131 ounce nugget found by Beattie and Home from a 17 foot sinking in ground near Greek Reef, Caledonia Flat, about 1.5 lmiles west of Inglewood, on the road to Kingower [71] 02.1882 1109 ounce 6 pennyweight nugget found at Berlin [l] 06.1883,a short-lived rush of about 100 miners to Maryborough Gully about 2 miles south east of Wedderburn; 3, 2 and 1.5 ounce nuggets found in I 2 to 6 foot sinkings along a gully about a mile and a half long ! [71] 06 .1884 I66 ounce 3 pennyweight nugget found by John Blinkworth near the 'City of Bath Reef, Inglewood (71] 09 .1884 48 ounce nugget found by Webb at Billygoat Gully, near Kingower (71] 03 .1885 1· 43 ounce 13 pennyweight nugget found at Guy 's Rush near Berlin} Rheola [ 71] 11.1886172 ounce 10 pennyweight nugget found a few inches below the surface :near the Kurting railway station [71) 06.1888lrush to O'Posswn Point, Korong/Wedderburn after Costa Cellevich !found a 27 pound nugget there [71] 09.1888 1several nuggets found near Wedderburn, varying in weight from one t o 99 ounces [71] · 07.05.1889 336 ounce nugget (The Opossum) found by Casto Cellevich at a depth of 12 feet at O'Possum Point, Potter's Hill, Wedderburn [1,39] 1898 rush to Woolshed and Yorkshire flats were 300 miners worked an area a mile long and 100 yards wide {4] 1903 iwork at Kingower confined to treating tailings by the cyanide I process [ 73] 1906 1hydraulic pumped sluicing plant operated along Orville Creek [73] 1907 )hydraulic sluicing plant began operation on Main Flat, Wedderburn, !and continued until 1919 [16,73) 1914 ; a few cyanide plants still operating on old tailings dumps at : rnglewood [73] 1946 lhydraulic sluicing conunenced at Rheola by C. H. and H. L. Bertuch :and continued until 1956 with marginal success {73) 1953 ~ hydrau lic sluicing plant operated at St. John's Patch, along jOrville Creek and just downstream from No. 1 Gully [1,73] Chronology ctd.
Date Event
1980 discovery of Hand of Faith nugget (876 ounces) near the school a t Kingower
l ANNEX 1: CRITERIA FOR SIGNIFICANCE
Australia ICOMOS, in its Burra Charter of 1979, provided one of the first formal statements of cultural significance for a place (site, area. building, or other work). In Article 1 it is defined as aesthetic, historic, scientific or social value for past, present or future generations. Although the meanings of these terms are discussed further in the guidelines to the Charter, they do not provide adequate grounds for the more or less dispassionate assessment of the significance of industrialfmining artefacts and sites, and so over the past few years the National Trust in Victoria has been attempting to sharpen up both the meaning of cultural significance, and the means whereby industrial places in particular may be assessed. Although the Charter treats social value as distinct, in the Trust's deliberations so far, this has been regarded as an aspect of historic value, so .. that cultural significance may be assessed in terms of aesthetic, historic and/or scientific value alone. Until social significance is clarified in such a way as to distinguish it from historical significance, this removes a possible source of bias in the assessment procedures, and makes them simpler.
The National Trust in Victoria presently defines a place as aesthetically significant:
1. if it is of exceptional beauty as judged by connoisseurs,
2. if it is recognized as successful according to the prevailing conventions of style or technique,
3. if it challenges connoisseurship or conventions by its abnormality, or
4. if it is influential in the design of other places.
Such a definition is rather loaded, for a number of reasons. Firstly, it seems to suppose that whatever is being assessed involves some form of human agency. Secondly, that the usual outcome is a building, which can be discussed solely in terms of style and construction technique; and finally that those whose judgments are valued have a special kind of expertise - they are the arbiters of taste and style. For most industrial artefacts and mining landscapes this approach to the assessment of aesthetic significance is less than helpful. For it embodies a certain subtle gentrification of values which allows organizations like the National Trust to maintain a mansion mentality long after the biases in such images have been exposed and discredited. Industrial/mining artefacts, buildings and sites may not be beautiful in the conventional sense; but they may possess a certain charm if viewed in the correct light.
As beauty is supposed to be in the eye of the beholder one way to resolve this matter would be to re-educate the viewer. This takes time, and for the present an alternative way has been to find so many other grounds for classification that its beauty, or lack of it, assumes much less relevance. If the criterion of aesthetic value is ever to be useful in the assessment of industrial/mining sites and artefacts, then it will be necessary to disconnect aesthetics from any sentimental or nostalgic view of beauty, and to re-assert the term "aesthetics• in its etymologically and philosophically correct sense as that pertaining to those things perceptible by the senses. This won't be easy, but the argument might proceed in this fashion. All i ndustrial/mining artefacts, whether they a re the quarries and mines where the raw materials have been extracted, the factories and workshops where things are made, or the products of these places, are t he r ealizations of the best solutions which time and resources will allow for the problems of engineering design. In the statement of t he se problems t here are always objectives to be achieved, and criteria, or measures, designers may use to judge the success of their designs. Whilst the objectives usually vary from situation to situation, the criteria employed rarely do. Beauty may be one of them; but simplicity, stability, versatility, cost-effectiveness, ease of use, manoeuvreabi li ty, serviceability, functionality and many more may be just as important. Satisfaction of one or more of these to an exceptional degree displays the ingenuity and creativity of the designer; makes the object aesthetically significant , and therefore "beautiful•. But it is a beauty which requires a trained e ye to appreciate, and therefore whenever this criterion is employed there is a lways the risk of conflict with those who have a more popular view of what is beautiful.
A place i s of historic significance for the Trust if in i ts surviving form it is closely linked with, or exemplifies, an aspect of the past which has been a formative element in fashioning the c ulture or fabric of a region. Specifically, a place has this kind of significance if:
1. it provides evidence of events, movements or people of an abnormal or Statewide important character,
2. it influenced events, movements or people of an abnormal and Statewide important character,
3. it is illustrative of the lifestyle, culture or technology of the past, or
4. it epitomizes State or national sentiment, values or concepts.
This last condition is where social value is subsumed under historic value. Similar conditions are expressed in the Burra Charter.
The sites of some of the early rushes, as at Inglewood, Berlin or Possum Hill, would be exampl es of the first kind of historical significance; and traces of the early surface alluvial workings, as in Groper• s Gully at Inglewood, at Tyler's Bridge, in No. 1 Gully at Mcintyre' s , or along t he Wehla-Bealiba Road, would be examples of the third kind of historical significance. It is questionable, though, whether there are any sites within the Shire which exemplify the second or the last kinds of historica l signi ficance. On a Statewide basis, however, the second k ind of significance is best exemplified by the Spotswood pumping station because of the dramatic effect which it had on the health of Melbourne during the first ten years of its operation. The fourth kind of historical significance is exemplified by the sequence of beam engine houses across the Central goldfields which provide material evidence of the increasing technical sophistication of local engineering manufacture, and the pride taken i n those achievements.
Finally, a place has a scientific significance if its topographic , geological, edaphic or biotic character, and the way in which these have been modified by human involvement, contributes to our understanding of the natural and adapted environment. This is a rather loaded kind of statement because it implies that whatever kind of understanding we can get from these places it is never understanding about ourselves. If we allow for this. then there are a few industrial sites which have this rather special kind of significance. The Barwon paper mill at Fyansford is one of them. For it provides us with a variety of data about the nature of engineering decision making, the management of large and complicated engineering projects, and the clever way in which the natural features have been exploited to achieve an economy of operation. It is questionable whether there are any industrial/mining sites within the Shire which fall into this category.
Few places possess all three kinds of significance. Few possess scientific significance alone; and with the way that the great majority of people are presently educated not many more will be regarded solely as works of art, and therefore of aesthetic significance. Most industrial/mining artefacts and sites will therefore be assessed for their historic significance alone.
More often with industrial buildings and landscape, and rather less often with machinery and other artefacts, there does arise the problem of what happens when there is more than one of the same kind of significant object. For instance there are a great many sites where there is still some evidence of surface alluvial workings, as there are quartz mining sites. Neither the Burra Charter nor any of the recent work done by the National Trust in Victoria so far provides an answer, as they both suppose that significance is absolute. Once something is assessed as significant, then its preservation becomes automatic. But classifications are not for all time, as the significance of a place changes. sometimes for the better. but often for the wor:-se. Fires and vandals destroy, and sometimes change is inevitable. To avoid disappointment a calculus or decision rule is necessary which makes it possible to combine the various criteria for significance. and therefore to make assessments of relative significance. In doing this we need to take account of various modifying factors which, whilst alone they do not contribute to significance, alter the value or the level which we might assign to that significance. These factors are:
1. condition/integrity and serviceability.
2. rarity and representativity ,
3. importance,
4. location, and
S. context.
If something is intact or complete, and its original concept has been unaltered or undisturbed by later modifications, then this is likely to make a place more significant than something which has been modified subsequently, or which has become quite fragmented. If the place or artefact still functions this, too. makes it more significant than something which now lies vacant, disused or derelict. Care has to be exercised here because the present function may not necessarily correspond with the original or historic one. and unacceptable alterations may have been required to get it functioning now; so uiJ iJ j •)
these two factors need to be considered together. At the same time an intact site may be one which has low historical significance, whereas a site which has a higher significance (like John's upper paddock, or the Columbian mine site) may possess that significance precisely because it has been re-worked over a long period of ti.me, and has therefore lost its original integrity.
The mere fact that something is rare does not make it significant, especially if its unusual character is merely some fluke, curiosity or aberration. But if the place or artefact is a rare surviving example of something that was once more widespread - like an undisturbed early surface alluvial working, the first shaft sunk on a particular line of reef, or the site of some early mining machinery; or it belonged to a small but highly significant set of things, then the survivor is the more significant. On the other hand, when there are a great many surviving examples - such as country blacksmiths or motor garages - no particular significance attaches to any one example, until such ti.me as the number of these places diminishes to the point where they do become rare. Then they may become significant, not only because they are now rare, but because they were representative of what was once more widespread. It does mean also, though, that we should not be waiting until things become rare before we decide which ones are the most significant.
The aim of classification/registration is not simply to preserve the best of a particular class of place or artefact, but several in such a class. For example, the sequence of beam engine houses across the central goldfields in Victoria is important because of what they can tell us about the gradual sophistication of engineering manufacture in Victoria during the latter half of the nineteenth century. We may wish to preserve several of a particular place because they happen to be fragile. We may also recognize that no two places are exactly the same, and that the differences between them may be just as important as the places themselves. At the same ti.me, one place may be better preserved but in a terrible location, whilst another may have a better setting.
Significant places need to be accessible so that everybody can •read tt their special messages. That may mean preserving almost identical things in various parts of the State, area or region, so that local as much as State or national significance is of importance. On the other hand, however, we need to recognize that places which have been the loci for great events and formative decisions have greater value than those where what has happened has had more circumscribed effect. So we need to balance accessibility against importance; and take some account of local significance.
Finally, in this discussion about the calculus of assessment. it should be noted that, for preservation to succeed, what is preserved ought not to be taken out of context, or hemmed in by developments to either side. Consequently. some things need to be pre served not because they a re significant in themselves, but because they provide the context within which the significance of other things and other places can be appreciated; the whole possessing more significance than the significance of the separate pieces. This might mean that if the Matrix Reef at Mcintyre's is significant, then at least No. 1 Gully (or the Wet Diggings} and the sluiced area of St. John's Patch, along the western margin of Orville Creek would be significant also; and this area of significance should extend to the present re-working of the head of No. 1 Gully by more modern sluicing methods. uJu J ~ ·
The assessment of significance is not something which can yet be reduced to a formula, although looking back over some recent classifications it is clear that the Nat ion a 1 Trust• s Industrial History Couuni t tee at least operates according to a certain number of relativities, some of which might be summarized in this fashion:
Places which possess a certain integrity are more significant than those which do not.
Places in context are more significant than those without.
Places which are rare/unique are more significant than those which are representative.
Places which are operational are more significant than those whe re the plant and equipment stands idle and derelict, and such places are more significant than those where all this machinery has been removed.
Fragile places and those not readily accessible need to be duplicated elsewhere, so that their special significances can be read by everybody.
Accessibili ty needs to be balanced against the relative importance of a place on a national , state and local level.
In the final analysis, though, making decisions about what is or is not significant remains a matter for discuss ion and argument by a group of knowledgeable people. It is therefore to be expected that as perceptions and values change , so what is judged significant will also change. There will be some things which lose their significance. We will have the benefit of hindsight and a greater understanding both of other extant examples and of their place within the culture. Whereas in the past we may have rushed to classify every place that was old - just because it had survived - today we are more selective and, in time, we may move to cull the registers and the lists we have constructed of things which are significant. Culling. however, has to be done with care, because it is a process open to political persuasion and passing fashion. Ne ve rtheless, what we save of the past only retains value if we are continually re-assessing that part of the past, and ourselves in terms of it. For it is only when we admit that, as t he . result of these assessments, we may be what has to change that we can expect to benefit most from hanging on to what others before us have struggled so hard to achieve. ANNEX 2: A SUMMARY OF ALL THE KNOWN MINING SITES WITHIN THE SHIRE OF KORONG
Site Grid Number Refere nce Loca·l name Evaluation
Area A: Wychitella and Yorkshire Flat
1 2 Italian Gully 3 Litt.le Gem Reef 4 Yankee Gully I 5 Yankee Gully II 6 7 Hunt 's Rush 8 Derby Gully 9 54HYE3 72765 Old Lead C, Local 10 54HYE370766 William Rush C, Local 11 54HYE360762 Cockie' s Rush E, Local 12 54HYE367763 Franklin Rush D 13 54HYE355760 Federal Reef D 14 54HYE360762 Allenvale Reef E 15 54HYE364756 Mosquito Gully D, Local 16 54HYE332745 E 17 54HYE336743 D 18 54HYE344746 Virgin Gully E 19 Peep O'Day Gully 20 21 54HYE355742 E 22 54HYE354745 E 23 54HYE3627.43 D 24 54HYE332737 Barnes Gully E 25 54HYE335733 E 26 54HYE336736 E 27 54HYE336737 E 28 Peep O'Day Reef 29 30 31 54HYE331732 Potato Diggings E
Area B: Wedderburn
32 Dart Gully 33 Gladstone Gully 34 54HYE362732 D 35 36 37 Hit or Miss mine 38 39 54HYE332717 E 40 Attwood Gully 41 54HYE355724 Sailor's Gully c, Local 42 54HYE353720 Sailor's Gully D, Local 43 Sununary ctd.
Site Grid Number Reference Local name Evaluation ·
Area B ctd.
44 Korella Reef 45 McDonalds Gully 46 Spencers Gully 47 Kangaroo Reef 48 Devil's Gully 49 50 54HYE323 718 E 51 54HYE3 22 716 E 52 54HYE325704 Beggary Gully E, Local 53 54HYE323696 Silverdale Gully E, Local 54 54HYE321694 Tambourine Reef E 55 54HYE320687 Tambourine Gully E 56 54HYE347700 D 57 54HYE352703 E 58 54HYE362703 Robinsons Gully E 59 60 61 The Gulf 62 54HYE346687 Queens Gully E, Local 63 54HYE349692 E, Local 64 54HYE348689 E, Local 65 54HYE349689 E, Local 66 54HYE349692 Frenchman's Gully E, Local 67 54HYE353690 Italian Gully E, Local 68 54HYE354694 Bocca Flat D, Local 69 54HYE361689 E 70 54HYE367685 Christmas Reef E 71 54HYE367685 Robinson Reef E 72 54HYE362693 Poole 's Gully D 73 74 54HYE369684 E 75 Hunter's Gully I 76 54HYE387681 Hunter• s Gully II E 77 78 79 54HYE325684 E 80 54HYE342684 Schicher Gully D, Local ·.":- 81 54HYE351683 Poverty Gully E, Local 82 54HYE363677 C, Local 83 S4HYE365679 New Chum Gully D, Local 84 54HYE366680 Christmas Reef E, Local 85 54HYE365686 Robinson's Reef E 86 54HYE3 71674 Farmers Gully D, Local 87 54HYE377673 Magp ie Gully E 88 54HYE384682 Swipers Gully E 89 90 ..j J' i I ' t u t .
Summary ctd.
Site Grid Number Reference Local name Evaluation
Area B ctd .
91 92 93 94 54HYE341669 Main Flat E, Local 95 54HYE343673 Steels Gully E, Local 96 54HYE348673 E 97 54HYE352672 Thompsons Gully D, Local 98 54HYE357674 Ironstone Gully D, Local 99 54HYE351666 D 100 54HYE346663 E 101 S4HYE346661 E 102 54HYE324666 Schumann Gully D 103 54HYE323663 Victoria Gully c 104 54HYE320661 Barker Gully E 105 54HYE321658 Snake Gully D 106 54HYE333667 Hard Hill and Nursery Flat C, Local 107 54HYE321655 Brian Gully l D 108 54HYE322655 Brian Gully II D 109 54HYE322657 Shaw Reef E 110 54HYE325653 Long Gully E 111 112 Eclipse of Victoria Reef 113 Come Again Reef 114 54HYE337652 Sugarloaf Hill D 115 54HYE343653 C, Local 116 Stirling Rush 117 Riley Gully 118 119 120 121 54HYE337648 Snow's Gully E 122 54HYE344642 Possum Point E 123 S4HYE336643 Black Jack Gully and White Hill D 124 S4HYE343637 Golden Gully E 125 S4HYE345639 Frenchman Gully E 126 S4HYE372640 E 127 54HYE376639 E 128 54HYE389645 Craigie Lead E 129 548YE39464S D 130 Sullivan's Gully I 131 Sullivan's Gully II 132 54HYE337635 E 133 S4HYE339633 E 134 135 S4HYE371627 E 136 54HYE372631 Inglewood Gully E 137 I154HYE3 78632 D Sununary ctd.
Site Grid Number Reference Local name Evaluation
Area B ctd.
138
1 Area C: Nine Mile, Garibaldi 1 Fenton• s and Synnott' s Diggings, and Burke s Flat
139 54HYE226648 Nine Mile A, Local 140 54HYE249486 Fenton's Diggings B, Local 141 54HYE275477 New Years Hill Diggings I c, Local 142 54HYE274474 New Years Hill Diggings II E 143 54HYE235429 Avoca Forest E 144 54HYE244400 Synnott's Diggings I E, Local 145 5 4HYE236384 Synnott's Diggings II E 146 54HYE282403 Fone's Reef, Burke 's Fla t c, Local 147 54HYE 281395 c 148 149 150 54HYE Three Mile Hut Diggings E 151 54HYE3 73558 E 152 54HYE 371553 Old Garibaldi Lead E 153 54HYE383549 New Garibaldi Lead C, Local 1 54 54HYE380546 E 155 54HYE376544 Garibaldi Reef E 156 54HYE 378545 E 157 54HYE382542 D 158 159 160 54HYE431529 D 161 54HYE 428523 c 162 54HYE430520 Sunday Morning Reef c
Area D: Jericho/Wehla and Jordan
163 54HYE333460 B, Local 164 54HYE 340457 B, Local 165 54HYE340455 Prince of Wales Reef B, Local 166 Frenchman's Reef 167 Petticoat Reef 168 Nuncarian Reef 169 54HYE 341441 c, Local 170 54HYE353427 D 171 54HYE354428 E 172 54HYE343420 c 173 54HYE348420 D 174 54HYE351420 D 175 54HYE388 417 E Summary ctd.
Site Grid Number Reference Local name Evaluation
Area D ctd.
176 54HYE368377 c 177 54HYE340412 B, Local 178 179
Area E: Kingower and Glenalbyn
180 Nil Desperandum Lead 181 54HYE454472 Browns Gully D 182 54HYE456470 Black Jack Gully D 183 54HYE461472 Hielerunans Gully c, Local 184 54HYE463473 Evans Gully Lead C, Local 185 54HYE470471 E 186 Frenchmans Gully 187 54HYE455456 Levers Gully D 188 Frenchmans Reef 189 54HYE467461 Long Gully Lead E 190 54HYE467455 Stockyard Gully C, Local 191 54HYE445440 E 192 S4HYE440445 Cemetery Gully I E 193 54HYE442448 Cemetery Gully II D 194 S4HYE448448 Humbug Gully D 195 S4HYE452453 E 196 54HYE455453 Union Reef c, Local 197 54HYE476446 Billy Goat Gully E 198 199 Uncle Tom's Gully 200 54HYE455441 Sawp it Gully I E 201 54HYE454436 Sawp it Gully II E 202 S4HYE460447 Mackenzie Gully D 203 Roberts Gully 204 Quack' s Gully 205 206 207
Area F: Berlin{Rheola and Mcintyre's
208 209 54HYE405432 Langham Flat C, Local 210 54HYE403428 Gilmore's Gully E, Local 211 212 Smiths' Gully 213 Wis beach's Rush 214 Murphy's Gully :1ii 4: Uv \.I ... ·.
Summary ctd.
Site Grid Number Reference Local name Evaluation
Area F ctd.
215 Smith's Gully Reef 216 54HYE406423 Clelland's Gully D, Local 217 54HYE406428 Catto's Upper Paddock E, Local 218 54HYE406425 John's Paddock B, Local 219 220 Paper Gully 221 54HYE396415 Sheepyard-Gully E 222 54HYE403419 Fortunate Gully E, Local 223 54HYE412417 Berlin Flat D, State 224 54HYE416423 Man of War Rush E 225 54HYE407424 Paddy's Gully E 226 54HYE399410 The Grass Paddock E 227 54HYE402410 Porridge Gully E 228 54HYE410408 E 229 S4HYE414405 Tyler's Flat B, Local 230 Bull Frog Gully 231 54HYE423406 Slaughteryard Gully E 232 54HYE386395 E 233 54HYE403395 Possum Gully E 234 54HYE413400 Chapel Gully c 235 54HYE404395 Christ mas Flat c, Local 236 54HYE381375 D 237 54HYE384378 Denmark Gully E 238 54HYE385383 Greens Gully E 239 54HYE389386 E 240 54HYE392389 White Patch E 241 54HYE394389 D 242 54HYE399386 Cater 's Hill D 243 54HYE406385 E 244 54HYE412378 Humbug Hills B, Local 245 54HYE398378 No. 4 Gully E· 246 54HYE402369 No. 3 Gully E 247 54HYE423366 Guy's Rush E 248 54HYE427366 E 249 54HYE403363 No. 2 Gully E 250 54HYE394357 No. 0 Gully E 251 54HYE398364 Matrix Reef A, Local 252 54HYE4 01356 No. 1 Gully B, Local 253 54HYE404356 St. John's Patch E, Local 254 54HYE425355 Orville c, Local 255 54HYE416357 Possum Hill Lead c. Local 256 54HYE433363 E 257 54HYE451355 D 258 54HYE462353 Wait and Hope Lead D 259 54HYE386352 E 260 54HYE390350 E 261 54HYE396353 Old Woman's D Sununary ctd.
Site Grid Number Reference Local name Evaluation
Area F ctd.
262 54HYE403351 E 263 54HYE410350 E 264 54HYE386334 B 265 54HYE385329 E 266 54HYE381319 E
Area G: Inglewood
267 268 269 270 271 Scorers Lead 272 54HYE546466 Caledonia Lead E 273 S4HYE562464 E 274 S4HYE563463 E 275 54HYES66462 E 276 54HYE566465 Pink Lead c 277 54HYE576471 c 278 54HYE577458 E 279 54HYE576460 American Reef B, Local 280 54HYE579461 Buchanan Reef c, Local 281 54HYE555474 E 282 54HYE563473 D 283 54HYE562476 Morning Star Reef A, Local 284 54HYE564474 Poverty Reef E, Local 285 S4HYE565467 c 286 54HYE580475 Daly Lead D, Local 287 54HYE586474 D 288 54HYE587472 D. Local 289 S4HYE599470 Bullabul Creek E, Local 290 54HYES39494 E 291 54HYES39488 Evening Star Reef D, Local 292 54HYES48488 Green Hills E 293 54HYE555483 Dartmouth Reef D 294 54HYES63483 E 295 296 54HYES77486 Kentish Lead E, Local 297 S4HYE573478 Snobs Gully E 298 54HYES77494 Blackmans Lead D, Local 299 54HYES84S03 Commissioner's Lead c, Local 300 54HYES20527 Old Inglewood Lead B, Local 301 S4HYE546Sl4 Wellington Gully B, Local 302 S4HYE540513 Gropers Gully/White Lead c 303 Queens Gully 304 54HYESS2S05 South Gordon mine c, Local uuu ~ ;
Surronary ctd.
Site Grid Nwnber Reference Local name Evaluation
Area G ctd.
305 S4HYE545502 Bull Dog Gu lly C, Local 306 54HYE544497 E 307 54HYE553500 J ersey Reef D, Local 308 54HYE556507 Columbian Reef B, Local 309 310 311 54HYES60502 B, Local 312 54HYES60592 Psalm Singing Gully E 313 54HYE576496 Daly Gully D, Local 314 54HYE573504 Eaglehawk Gully c 315 54HYE556572 E 316 54HYE563507 Bull Frog Gully E 317 318 54HYE571513 Pretty' s Gully A, Local 319 54HYES78506 Conunissioner's Gully E 320 Just in Time Gully 321 54HYE578516 Nuggety Patch E 322 54HYE582507 Brass Nugget Gully E 323 54HYES83508 Growling Tom's Gully E 324 54HYE548526 Honeymoon Reef B, Local 325 54HYE564520 E 326 54HYE465524 Butchers Gully D 327 54HYE572525 Brass Button Gully I c, Local 328 54HYES87526 Big Timber Gul ly D, Loca l 329 54HYE565527 Brass Button Gully I I D, Local 330 54HYE554536 c, Local 331 54HYES56536 We l c ome Reef A, State 332 54HYE558534 Brass Button Gully III C, Local 333 334 54HYE587530 Ally Slopers Gully D, Local 335 54HYE596530 Old Ned's Patch D, Local 336 54HYE573536 D, Local 337 S4HYE586537 Jacksons Gully B, Local 338 Shamrock Reef 339 54HYE556544 Homeward Bound Reef c, Local 340 54HYE557544 All Nations Reef c, Local 341 54HYE561545 E 342 54HYE558542 Union Jack Reef c, Local 343 54HYE567545 Scandinavian Lead D, Local 344 54HYE599548 Mosquito Gully D, Local 345 54HYE547546 Thompsons Lead E 346 347 348 54HYE558481 March Reef C, Local 349 54HYE558482 Valvoline factory site D, Local 350 54HYE556524 Rock of Cashel Reef D, Local 351 54HYE555496 battery site B. Local Summary ctd.
Site Grid I Number Reference Local name Evaluation
Area G ctd.
352 54HYE562490 batt ery site D, Local 353 54HYE553494 Galloway Reef D .J Ji I , l . l.J -:: •
ANNEX 3: SOME SIGNIFICANT MINING SITES WITHIN THE SHIRE OF KORONG
Note l: The location for each site is specified in accordance with the Australian grid reference. This will define a site to within a 100 metre square. which should be sufficient for most purposes. Where a site extends beyond such an area the location of the principal feature(s) or the best preserved area has been given.
Note 2: In describing the various workings a standardized terminology has been used with these meanings:
Terminology Mounds/dumps Terminology Shafts/trenches / Height workings in feet Depth in feet
very shallow under l foot low 1 - 2 feet shallow 1 - 2 feet moderately sized 3 - 6 feet moderately shallow 3 - 6 feet medium sized 7 - 12 feet moderately deep 7 - 20 feet large over 12 feet deep over 20 feet
Note 3: Coherent histories for each of the sites have not been developed, as these still require a very great deal more research in order to resolve all the difficulties and ambiguities in the data which have been gathered so far. The entries do. however, highlight some of the more significant events. the principal people involved, and the more active periods of mining. as well as providing some assessment of the economic importance of each site.
Note 4: The numbers in square brackets refer to the entries in the bibliography contained at the end of this report.
Note 5: The comparison are not intended to be exhaustive, but rather to define other areas within the Shire where comparable features, on either a larger or a smaller scale, are displayed. AREA NO. 41
LOCAL NAME: Sailor's Gully, Wedderburn
LOCATION: S4HYE355724
DESCRIPTION: Some shallow alluvial workings and low mounds at the mouth of a cross gully coming in from the west and continuing along the western side of the Fernihurst-Boort Road
COVER: sparse grass and some mature trees
HISTORY: 1858 gold first discovered [4] 09.1886 small rush to this place, some 5 to 6 miles north of Wedderburn; hard sinkings of 14 to 15 feet; ground not yet tested [71)
PHOTOGRAPHS: 133 Shallow alluvial workings west of the Fernihurst-Boort Road near the junction with two cross gullies bearing 277
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82). area east of main road (115) , Fenton's Diggings (140), Synnott' s Diggings ( 144), alluvi al workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Mo rning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler-'s Flat (229), Christmas Flat (2.35), No. 1 Gully (252), Commissioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty• s Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327), Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 106
LOCAL NAME: Hard Hill and Nursery Flat
LOCATION: 54HYE333667
DESCRIPTION: Little trace of any early workings. The middle and the eastern edge of the area have been re-developed for housing. There are several short drives and open cuts towards the summit of Hard Hill.
COVER: some light scrub and some mature trees
HISTORY: 12. 1852 payable gold found by Brady in the gully [4)
PHOTOGRAPHS : 128 Cutting and entrance to a short tunnel at the southern end of Hard Hill 129 General view of shallow workings at the northern end of the hill; bearing 120
COMPARISONS: Humbug Hills (244), Orville (254)
SIGNIFICANCE : A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Further work needed to determine how best to interpret this area and to preserve its significance from the encroachment of housing and other developments. 'j I! ·~ 0 . "; : "···
AREA NO. 115
LOCAL NAME:
LOCATION: 54HYE343653
DESCRIPTION: Some shallow alluvial workings and low mounds along the line of the gully to the east of the ma i n road south of Wedderburn .
COVER: grass and some mature trees
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS: 220 Shallow alluvial workings in the gully; bearing 145 221 Shallow alluvial workings at the bottom end of the gully; bearing 180
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), Fenton's Diggings (140), Synnott's Diggings ( 144), alluvial workings a t Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings nea r Sunday Morning Reef (161), a l luvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gull y (1 90), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235). No. l Gully (252), Commissioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302), Bulldog Gull y (305 ), Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327) , Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 139
LOCAL NAME: Nine Mile
LOCATION: 54HYE226648
DESCRIPTION: A large sand dump and storage dam, between which are situated a powder magazine, winding engine foundations, boiler set ting, battery engine foundations, and a 20 head battery site; relatively undisturbed except for some recent samplings from the dump.
COVER: thick grass and some mature trees
HISTORY:
02.1861 some gold found in a small gully by Wicks and party, about 0.75 miles from Fenton' s Nine Mile Hut and nine miles west of Wedderburn. In 1866 Bell found a small reef and sank a shaft 50 feet to get two crushings which yielded half an ounce to the ton. By 1879 there was a small rush to the area which, when it subsided, continued to support a population of between 4 and 10 miners, at least until December 1889. In March 1899 the Nine Mile Company commenced operations and up to the end of 1910 succeeded in obtaining 16,292 ounces of gold from 42,885 tons of stone taken from down to 600 feet. At this level the reef became much poorer; the farmers complained about the salty mine water and eventually the mine closed and the plant was sold at auction in March 1912 [4,17,71,73]
NINE MILE RUSH, KILBURNIE [71)
09.1879 some making good wages hut others have left 12.1879 some claims taken out on the reef and trial crushings to be made 03.1880 trial crushings returned 10 dwt. per ton 06.1880 lease applied for 09.1880 mine idle pending grant of the lease 06.1886 2 quartz claims registered on a reef which returned 10 dwt. per ton 20 years ago and then abandoned; fine gold seen in the stone but the nearest battery is 10 miles away 03.1887 lease applied for
POPULATION [71)
03.1879 14 miners 06.1879 13 miners 09.1879 81 miners 12.1879 35 miners 03.1880 38 miners 06.1880 29 miners 09.1880 35 miners 12.1880 24 miners 03.1881 9 miners 06.1881 16 miners 09.1881 20 miners 12.1881 14 miners 03.1882 10 miners 06.1882 19 miners 09.1882 1 5 miners 12.1882 8 miners 03.1883 9 miners 06.1883 6 miners 09.1883 12 miners 12.1883 12 miners 03.1884 8 miners 06.1884 10 miners 09.1884 6 miners 12.1884 5 miners 03.1885 8 miners 06.1885 6 miners 09.1885 8 miners 12.1885 4 miners 03.1886 4 miners 06.1886 4 miners 09.1886 4 miners 12.1886 4 miners 03.1887 4 miners 06.1887 7 miners 09.1887 4 miners 12.1887 5 miners 03.1888 4 miners 06.1888 4 miners 09.1888 7 miners 12.1888 5 miners 03.1889 7 miners 06.1889 5 miners 09.1889 7 miners 12.1889 4 miners ~ ~ : ·• : .
No. 139. Nine Mile ctd.
NINE MILE COMPANY. NINE MILE, KILBURNIE (71)
04.1899 27 ounces 15 dwt. from 70 tons of stone 06.1899 106 ounces 6 dwt. from 92 tons of stone; 133 ounces 11 dwt. from 162 tons of stone to date 07.1899 43 ounces 14 dwt. from 105 tons of stone; 177 ounces 5 dwt. from 267 tons of stone to date 08.1899 48 ounces 3 dwt. from 105 tons of stone; 225 ounces 8 dwt. from 372 tons of stone to date; erecting 5 head battery 09.1899 98 ounces 17 dwt. from 146 tons of stone; 224 ounces 5 dwt. from 518 tons of stone to date; 5 head battery 10.1899 47 ounces s dwt. from 45 tons of stone; 271 ounces 10 dwt. from 563 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 11.1899 42 ounces 9 dwt. from 50 tons of stone; 413 ounces 19 dwt. from 613 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 12.1899 60 ounces dwt. from 90 tons of stone; 473 ounces 19 dwt. from 703 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 01.1900 101 ounces 15 dwt. from 150 tons of stone; 574 ounces 14 dwt. from 853 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 02.1900 102 ounces 11 dwt. from 170 tons of stone; 877 ounces 5 dwt. from 1,023 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 03.1890 86 ounces 7 dwt. from 160 tons of stone; 763 ounces 12 dwt. from 1 , 183 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 04.1890 80 ounces 15 dwt. from 160 tons of stone; 844 ounces 15 dwt. from 1,343 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery; 500 pounds paid in dividends to date 05.1900 137 ounces 8 dwt. from 225 tons of stone; 981 ounces 15 dwt. from l',568 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 06.1900 112 ounces 16 dwt. from 170 tons of stone; 1,094 ounces 11 dwt. from 1,738 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 07.1900 183 ounces 4 dwt. from 150 tons of stone; 1,277 ounces 15 dwt. from 1,888 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 08 .1900 1,277 ounces is dwt. from 1,888 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 09.1900 236 ounces 2 dwt. from 230 tons of stone; 1,513 ounces 17 dwt. from 2,118 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 10.1900 181 ounces 11 dwt. from 275 tons of stone; 1,695 ounces 8 dwt. from 2,493 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery; 1,000 pounds paid in dividends to date l)
No. 139, Nine Mile ctd.
11.1900 178 ounces 9 dwt. from 290 tons of stone; 1,873 ounces 17 dwt. from 2,783 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 12.1900 224 ounces 12 dwt. from 250 tons of stone; 2,098 ounces 9 dwt. from 3,138 tons of stone to date: 10 head battery; 1,500 pounds paid in dividends to date 01 . 1901 284 ounces 19 dwt. from 410 tons of stone; 2,383 ounces 8 dwt. from 3,548 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 02.1901 219 ounces 13 dwt. from 300 tons of stone; 2,603 ounces 1 dwt . from 3,848 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 03.1901 306 ounces 16 dwt. from 310 tons of stone; 2,899 ounces 19 dwt. from 4,138 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery; 2,000 pounds paid in dividends to date 04.1901 272 ounces 18 dwt. from 200 tons of stone; 3,172 ounces 17 dwt. from 4,338 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery; 2,500 pounds paid in dividends to date 05.1901 301 ounces 15 dwt. from 355 tons of stone; 3,474 ounces 12 dwt. from 4,693 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery: 3,000 pounds paid in dividends to date 06.1901 402 ounces dwt. from 495 tons of stone; 3,876 ounces 12 dwt. from 5,188 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery; 3,750 pounds paid in dividends to date 07.1901 348 ounces 14 dwt . from 460 tons of stone; 4,225 ounces 06 dwt. from 5,648 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery; 4.250 pounds paid in dividends to date 08.1901 347 ounces 16 dwt. from 485 tons of stone; 4,573 ounces 2 dwt. from 6,133 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery; 5,250 pounds paid in dividends to date 09.1901 260 ounces 5 dwt. from 480 tons of stone; 4,833 ounces 7 dwt. from 6,633 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery; 5,750 pounds paid in dividends to date 10.1901 239 ounces 3 dwt. from 475 tons of stone; 5,072 ounces 10 dwt . from 7,108 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery; 6,250 pounds paid in dividends to date 11.1901 147 ounces 10 dwt. from 475 tons of stone; 5,220 ounces dwt. from 7,583 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 12.1901 634 ounces 6 dwt. from 625 tons of stone; 5,354 ounces 6 dwt. from 8,208 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 1902 2,112 ounces l:9 dwt. from 5;242 tons of stone; 7,467 ounces 15 dwt. from 13,495 tons of stone to date; 10 head battery 1903 1,964 ounces 2 dwt. from 6,050 tons of stone; 9,491 ounces 4 dwt. from 19,495 tons of stone to date; 20 head battery; battery extended to allow profitable treatment of lower grade stone ,. ·~ i
No. 139, Nine Mile ctd.
1904 1,764 ounces 14 dwt. from 8,302 tons of stone; 11,195 ounces 18 dwt. from 27,761 tons of stone to date; 20 head battery; shaft down 445 feet on a nicely mineral ized but unpayable stone; to sink further with money from the prospecting vote; removing low grade stone between the 130 and 430 foot levels 1905 1,492 ounces 4 dwt. from 4,702 tons of stone; 12,688 ounces 3 dwt. from 32,463 tons of stone to date; 20 head battery; shaft down 600 feet; crosscutting to the reef 1906 1,660 ounces 7 dwt. from 1,464 tons of stone; 14,338 ounces 10 dwt. from 41,292 tons of stone to date; 20 head battery; crosscut driven 320 feet and intersected the reef which is now narrower; levels opened up both north and south for about 300 feet; a fair amount of stone exposed and occasionally showing fair gold 1907 968 ounces 3 dwt. from 751 tons of stone; 15,406 ounces 3 dwt. from 42,043 tons of stone to date; 20 head battery 1908 506 ounces 9 dwt. from 627 tons of stone; 15,912 ounces 18 dwt. from 42,670 tons of stone to date; 20 head battery 1909 286 ounces 18 dwt. from 215 tons of stone; 16,199 ounces 16 dwt. from 42,885 tons of stone to date; 20 head battery 1910 92 ounces 12 dwt. from 6,000 tons of tailings; 16,292 ounces 8 dwt. from 27,761 tons of stone to date; 20 head battery
1915 wolfram finds at a standstill for want of capital
1918 prospecting of small lodes carrying fair values
PHOTOGRAPHS: 121 Three quarter view of the powder magazine; bearing 025 122 Part of the retaining wall of the storage dam at the southern end of the site; bearing 220 123 Cornish boiler lying on the ground, with the battery engine foundations and the site of the battery in the background; bearing 270 124 Front elevation of the battery site with the foundations for the battery engine and the boiler to the left; bearing 145 125 Winding engine foundations, with the battery engine foundations and the battery site in the background; bearing 175 126 General view of the tailings dump from the north
COMPARISONS: Company mining: Pone's Reef (146), Prince of Wales Reef (165), Union Reef (196), Buchanan Reef (280), Morning Star Reef (283). Columbian Reef (308), March Reef (348) Machinery sites: Prince of Wales Reef (165), Matrix Reef (251), Morning Star Reef (283), Maxwell Reef battery sands (311), Welcome Reef battery sands (330), Welcome Reef (331), March Reef (348), battery sands near the Calder Highway (351) 1 fl I i ",
No. 139, Nine Mile ctd.
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state with some interpretation of the features of the site and its history .
...... I", )
AREA NO. 140
LOCAL NAME: Fenton's Diggings
LOCATION: 54HYE249486
DESCRIPTION : Reasonably intact diggings extending over sloping ground behind a group of farm buildings; small to moderately sized mounds, and shafts partially filled either with rusty iron or other rubbish.
COVER : a few mature trees and sparse grass
HISTORY:
FENTON'S DIGGINGS, AVOCA RIVER [71]
05.1859 in a dull state; about 40 miners confined to old workings with indifferent r esults; no machinery 06.1859 no change; 46 alluvial miners , no Chinese; no machinery; water supplied from Wilson's Creek; averaging no better than an ounce per load; section prepared 07.1859 42 alluvial miners, no Chinese ; no machinery; mining still in a languid state . 08.1859 22 alluvial miners, no Chinese; mining in decline; only a few parties and the original prospectors remain 09.1859 30 alluvial mine rs , no Chinese; mining still dull, nothing worth reporting 11.1859 almost deserted by European miners 03.1860 almost deserted except for a few Europeans and Chinese 04.1860 extremely dull 05.1860 almost deserted
FENTON'S DIGGINGS AND SYNNOTT'S DIGGINGS , AVOCA RIVER (71]
12.1860 20 alluvial miners at work; 0.5 square miles of ground occupied; one puddler at work 01.1861 20 alluvial miners; 0.5 square miles of ground occupied; one puddler at work
PHOTOGRAPHS : 120 View across to shallow workings amongst trees; bearing 198
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41) , area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area eas t of main road (115), Synnott's Diggings ( 144), alluvial workings at Burke• s Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gull (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235), No. l Gully (252), Commissioner' s Lead (299), Wellington Gully {301) , Groper's Gully and White Lead (302) , Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty' s Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327), Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully (337) n-n f) ~ r-.
No. 140, Fenton's Diggings ctd.
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDAT I ONS: Preserve in existing state after cleaning it up to make it acceptable for visitors. nri (l '..·, .J' ... •• •....
AREA NO. 141
LOCAL NAME: New Year's Hill Diggings I
LOCATION: 54HYE275477
DESCRIPTION: Reasonably intact diggings over the crown of a small hill; moderately to medium sized mounds; most shafts almost filled; some rubbish.
COVERf a few mature trees and sparse grass
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS: 119 Shallow alluvial workings amongst trees; bearing 043
COMPARISONS: Humbug Hills (244) and Orville (254)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS : Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 144
LOCAL NAME: Synnott's Diggings I
LOCATION: 54HYE244400
DESCRIPTION: An extensive area of medium sized and sometimes large mounds with partially filled shafts on the east side of the Emu-Logan Road. The area appears to be in the process of being completely re-worked and is unlikely to retain many traces of the original workings .
COVER: a few mature trees
HISTORY:
SYDNOTT'S DIGGINGS (OR SINNOTT'S DIGGINGS, OR SENNOTT'S), AVOCA RIVER [71]
05.1859 population reduced to 50 miners, including 11 Chinese; barely making a living on previously worked ground 06.1859 41 alluvial miners and no Chinese; no machinery; water supplied from the Avoca River; averaging about an ounce per load; sections supplied 07.1859 96 alluvial miners, 60 Chinese; one puddling machine at work; mining in a languid state; Europeans have gone to the rush at Peter's Diggings 08.1859 86 alluvial miners, 60 Chinese; one puddler at work; mining dull; awaiting a supply of water 09.1859 70 alluvial miners, 33 Chinese; mining dull despite a better supply of water 11.1859 almost deserted by European miners; 150 Chinese miners at work; water plentiful but the one puddler is idle 03.1860 almost deserted except for a few Europeans and Chinese 04.1860 mining extremely dull 05.1860 ground almost deserted 12.1860 one puddler at work 06.1861 a few miners at work after a good prospect obtained 10.1861 ground nearly abandoned
03.1864 total population 100 06.1864 total population 100 09.1864 20 miners; barely making wages 12.1864 20 miners; some good gold found in a patch, but it did not persist 03.1865 10 miners 06.1865 10 miners 09.1865 50 miners 12.1865 60 miners 03.1866 70 miners 06.1866 70 miners 09.1866 60 miners 12.1866 60 miners; 58 ounces 16 dwt. 21 grains from 76 tons of cement 03.1867 100 miners 06.1867 32.5 acre l ease applied for by a party of Italians to prospect for a deep lead 09.1867 small rush to a spot midway to Tunstall's
06.1868 new ground opened up No. 144, Synnott ' s Diggings ctd.
06 .1869 30 miners 09 .1869 10 miners 12.1869 10 miners 03.1870 10 miners 06 .1870 30 miners 09.1970 30 miners 12.1870 25 miners 03.1871 20 miners 06.1871 20 miners 09.1971 20 miners 12.1871 20 miners 03 . 1872 20 mi ners 06.1872 30 miners 09 .1972 30 miners 12.1872 30 miners 03.1873 30 miners 06.1873 41 miners 09.1973 46 miners 12.1873 40 miners 03.1874 40 miner s 06.1874 40 miners 09.1974 40 miners 12.1874 40 miners 03.1875 40 miners 06.1875 30 miners 09.1975 20 miners 12.1875 20 miners 03.1876 20 miners 06.1876 20 miners 09.1976 10 miners 12.1876 25 miners 03 .1877 35 miners 06 .1877 37 miners 09 .1977 37 miners 12.1877 30 miners 03.1878 30 miners 06.1878 so miners 09.1978 50 miners 12.1878 50 miners 03.1879 30 miners 06.1879 25 miners 09.1979 20 miners 12.1879 15 miners 03.1880 20 mine rs 06.1880 20 miners 09.1880 50 miners: a rush to ground half a mi le away from t he main workings; miners getting 8 dwt. per load 12.1880 55 miners 03.1881 so miners 06.1881 50 miners 09.1881 45 miners 12.1881 45 miners 03.1882 50 miners 06.1882 50 miners 09.1882 45 miners 12.1882 45 miners 03.1883 40 miners 06.1883 40 miners 09.1883 40 miners 12.1883 40 miners 03.1884 40 miners 06.1884 40 miners 09.1884 40 miners 12.1884 40 miners 03.1885 40 miners 06.1885 40 miners 09.1885 35 miners 12 .1885 35 miners 03.1886 35 miners 06.1886 35 miners 09 . 1886 35 miners 12.1886 35 miners 03 .1887 35 miners 06.1887 35 miners 09.1887 35 miners 12 .1887 35 miners 03.1888 35 miners 06.1888 35 miners 09 .1888 35 miners 12 .1888 40 miners 03 .1889 40 miners 06.1889 40 miners 09 .1889 30 miners 12.1889 30 miners
PHOTOGRAPHS: 117 Recent excavations at the eastern end of the early a lluvial workings; bearing 120
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41 ) , area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115) , Fenton's Diggings (140), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177}. Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223}, Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235 ), No. 1 Gully (252), Commissioner 's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327) Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMEN DATIONS: Significance should be re-assessed once the present mining activity has ceased. 00063
AREA NO. 146
LOCAL NAME: Fone's Reef, Burke's Flat
LOCATION: 54HYE282403
DESCRIPTION: Several large mounds of tailings extending over a wide area to the east of the junctions with roads to Wedderburn, Wehla and Mcintyre's. The area has been re-worked recently and the dumps have been excavated and disturbed by the formation of several large settling/ storage dams and by the construction of access tracks. The least disturbed area is along the southern boundary of the property.
COVER: a few mature trees and a little grass
HISTORY:
1862 Fone' s Reef discovered at Burke• s Flat by Bob Miller and Jim Davi s; ground abandoned after a few days and taken up by John Morley and William Fone; reef worked down to 150 feet . A battery was erected in 1866 and by 1868 this was the most prosperous part of the Korong mining division. Crushings continued regularly until 1884 when the workings at No. 8 level (at 880 feet) collapsed, the mine was closed, and all the machinery was sold off and removed. 43, 000 ounces of gold obtained from 100, 000 tons of stone and an estimated 51, 000 pounds of gold subsequently extracted from the dumps up to 1908 [19,38,57,71)
BURKE'S FLAT (OR BOURKE'S FLAT) [71,73]
04.1860 discovery of gold; surface vein yielded about half an ounce per ton
03.1864 total population 100; progressing slowly 06.1864 total population 200; progress hampered by having to cart stone 5 or 6 miles for crushing 09.1864 70 miners 12.1864 80 miners 03.1865 70 miners; stone averages 1.5 to 2 ounces per ton 06.1865 70 miners; still getting good returns 09.1865 70 miners; reefs improving; 72 ounces 12 dwt. from 105 tons of stone 12.1865 40 miners; recent crushings averaged over 2 ounces per ton 03.1866 40 miners 06.1866 40 miners; pumping and winding mac hinery erected; pumping, winding and crushing machinery under erection 09.1866 40 miners; all machinery erected and crushing couunenced; two new reefs recently discovered with good prospects 12.1866 48 miners; two n ew reefs discovered with payable prospects 03.1867 30 miners; mining dull
06.1868 most prosperous part of the division at present
06.1869 40 miners 09.1869 40 miners 1 2.1869 60 miners ,~ n () , . • u t; .. t.. 1 >r
No. 146, Burke's Flat ctd.
03.1870 60 miners 06.1870 50 miners 09.1870 50 miners 12.1870 40 miners 03 .1871 50 miners 06 .1871 so miners 09.1871 50 miners 12 .1871 so miners 03 . 1872 50 miners 06 .1872 50 miners 09.1872 60 miners; fair stone being raised 12.1872 60 miners 03.18~3 50 miners 06.1873 53 miners 09.1873 so miners 12.1873 70 miners 03.1874 75 miners 06.1874 100 miners 09. 1874 100 miners 12.1874 60 miners 03.1875 60 miners 06.1875 50 miners 09.1875 14 miners 12.1875 14 miners 03.1876 14 miners 06.1876 14 miners 09.1875 40 miners 12.1876 30 miners 03.1877 30 miners 06.1877 30 miners 09 .1877 55 miners 12 .1877 so miners 03.1878 50 miners 06 .1878 50 miners 09.1878 so miners 12.1878 so miners 03.1879 50 miners 06.1879 50 miners 09.1879 so miners 12.1879 40 miners 03.1880 50 miners 06.1880 60 miners 09.1880 70 miners 12.1880 80 miners 03.1881 75 miners 06.1881 80 miners 09.1881 8S miners 12.1881 90 miners 03.1882 90 miners 06.1882 90 miners 09.1882 90 miners 12.1882 90 miners 03.1883 80 miners 06.1883 80 miners 09.1883 85 miners 12.1883 85 miners 03.1884 85 miners 06.1884 8S miners 09.1884 85 miners 12.1884 85 miners 03.1885 85 miners 06.1885 85 miners 09.188S 80 miners 12.1885 80 miners 03.1886 80 miners 06.1886 90 miners 09.1886 90 miners 12.1886 90 miners 03.1887 90 miners 06.1887 95 miners 09.1887 9S miners 12.1887 95 miners 03.1888 95 miners 06.1888 95 miners 09.1888 95 miners 12.1888 90 miners 03.1889 70 miners 06.1889 60 miners 09.1889 40 miners 12.1889 40 miners
1903 work confined to treating tailings by the cyanide process
FONE'S QUARTZ :MINING COMPANY, FONE'S REEF, BURKE'S FLAT (71]
(Morley and Fone's machine) 12.1866 617 ounces 2 dwt. 3 grains from 1042 tons of stone; 31 ounces 15 dwt. 6 grains from 44 tons of cement 06 .1867 219 ounces 13 dwt. from 275 tons of stone; 25 men at work raising payable stone 03.1868 1748 ounces from 832 tons of stone; 40 men employed 06.1868 1699 ounces 10 dwt. from 790 tons of stone 09.1868 40 ounces 8 dwt . 6 grains from 77 tons of stone 12. 1868 139 ounces from 106 t ons of stone
(Morley and Fone's machine) 06.1869 230 ounces 14 dwt. from 397 tons of stone 09.1869 333 ounces from 533 tons of stone
(Fane and Company's machine) 12.1869 361 ounces 12 dwt. from 602 tons of stone
03.1872 expecting to get regular crushings soon 06.1872 shaft sunk a further 60 feet t o 260 fee t
09.1873 906 ounces 10 dwt. from 1080 tons of stone; mine looking well 12.1873 735 ounces from 1 080 tons of stone; sinking shaft deeper; plenty of stone at grass ("', , r .. , ..
No. 146, Burke's Flat ctd.
03.1874 718 ounces 17 dwt. 12 grains from 1617 tons of stone; stone obtained at a depth of 375 feet; reef cut at 425 feet; 43 men employed 06.1874 624 ounces from 1162 tons of stone 09.1874 110 ounces from 260 tons of stone; mi ne progressing well ; reef at 470 foot level increasing in width and richness and showing large amounts of pyrites 12.1874 332 ounces from 800 tons of stone; fair crushing 03.1875 537 ounces from 1500 tons of stone ; satisfactory result 09 .1875 190 ounces from 280 tons of stone obtained by tributers 12.1875 218 ounces from 600 tons of stone obtained by tributers 03.1876 tributers' claim payable 12.1876 340 ounces from 860 tons of stone 03.1877 300 ounces from 600 tons of stone; improved prospects; stone taken out between 520 and 600 foot levels 06.1877 251 ounces 10 dwt. from 503 tons of stone 09.1877 446 ounces 19 dwt. 6 grains from 900 tons of stone 12.1877 557 ounces 3 dwt. from 1114 tons of stone obtained by tributers
FONE'S TRIBUTE COMPANY, LILLIPUTIAN REEF, BURKE'S FLAT [71]
03.1878 300 ounces 17 dwt . from 670 tons of stone 06.1878 364 ounces from 809 tons of stone 09.1878 640 ounces from 1600 tons of stone 12.1878 260 ounces from 1040 tons of stone Infrastructure library 03.1879 208 ounces 14 dwt. from 834 tons of stone 06.1879 80 ounces from 320 tons of stone
PONE'S QUARTZ MINING COMPANY, FONE'S REEF, BURKE'S FLAT [71]
03.1880 excellent yields from several r ecent crushings 06.1880 very satisfactory returns continuing
BURKE'S FLAT GOLD MINING COMPANY (OR FONE'S COMPANY, OR BURKE'S FLAT QUARTZ MINES LilllTED), LILLIPUTIAN REEF, BURKE'S FLAT (71]
09.1880 341 ounces from 620 tons of stone; taken from the 647 foot level 12. 1880 600 ounces 5 dwt. from 980 tons of stone; taken from between the 600 and 650 f oot level s; to ere'ct additional machinery 03.1881 502 ounces from 958 tons of stone ; excellent results 06.1881 238 ounces 10 dwt. from 409 tons of stone; taken from between the 650 and 695 foot l evels; mine not fully at work during the quarter 09.1881 646 ounces 7 dwt. from 1044 tons of s tone; taken from various levels down to 738 feet; additional machinery on the ground and· awa-iting erection 12. 1881 excellent returns continue 03.1882 412 ounces 15 dwt. from 1270 tons of stone; taken from between the 690 and 754 foot levels 06 . 1882 deepest mi ne on the division; steady fortnightly returns 12.1882 over 526 ounces for the quarter 03.1883 304 ounces 4 dwt . 9 grains from 885 tons of stone; taken from the 820 foot level No. 146, Burke 's Flat ctd.
09.1883 653 ounces 2 dwt . 22 grains from 1070 tons of stone; highly satisfactory returns taken from the 820 foot l evel 12.1883 364 ounces 6 dwt. from 635 tons of stone; t aken from the 820 foot level 03.1884 276 ounces from 820 tons of stone
FONE'S QUARTZ MINING COMPANY. FONE·s REEF. BURKE·s FLAT [71)
06.1884 351 ounces 11 dwt. from 840 tons of stone 09.1884 378 ounces 8 dwt. 12 grains from 670 tons of s tone; taken out from between the 800 and 900 foot levels
BURKE'S FLAT REEF (OR BOURKE'S FLAT REEF), BURKE•s FLAT [71)
12.1864 stone averaging 2 ounces per ton, but have to cart it 5 miles to J ericho for crushing
06.1866 87 ounces 13 dwt. 12 grains from 136 tons
CATTO'S COMPANY, BURKE'S FLAT {71]
09.1865 72 ounces 12 dwt. from 105 tons of stone
LILLIPUTIAN COMPANY, LILLIPUTIAN REEF (OR LILIPUTIAN REEF), BURKE'S FLAT {71]
12.1866 478 ounces 9 dwt. 12 grains from 870 tons of stone 06.1867 146 ounces 10 dwt. grains from 204 tons of stone
06.1868 16 ounces 10 dwt. grains from 55 tons of stone
06.1869 returning good dividends 09.1869 300 ounces dwt. grains from 500 tons of stone
09.1870 255 ounces from 350 tons of stone; 2 ounces 14 dwt. from 57 tons of mullock 03.1871 892 ounces 2 dwt. 2 grains from 1 , 200 tons of stone; leading company; reef at 220 foot level is 3 feet wide and averages 14 dwt. per ton 06 .1871 517 ounces 13 dwt. 12 grains from 800 tons of stone ; returning 12 dwt . 22 . 6 grains per ton which is lower t han average; to erect more machinery 09.1871 owners have ceased work pending reconstruction of the company No. 146, Burke's Flat ctd.
BURKE'S FLAT GOLD MINING COMPANY (OR FONE'S REEF COMPANY), FONE'S REEF, BURKE'S FLAT [73]
1935 4 ounces from 45 tons of stone at the Government Battery. Wedderburn; erecting a 10 head battery 1936 33 ounces from 313 tons of stone
PHOTOGRAPHS: 113 Recently constructed storage dam at the northern end of the site; bearing 204 114 Some of the large dump of battery sands at the south end of the site, ~ith the wooden church in the background; bearing 317
COMPARISONS: Nine Mile (139), Prince of Wal es Reef (165), Union Reef (196), Buchanan Reef (280), Morning Star Reef (283), Columbian Reef (308), March Reef (348)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: The significance of the site should be r e-assessed once the current mining activities have been completed. Q ·-·
AREA NO. 147
LOCAL NAME:
LOCATION: 54HYE28139S
DESCRIPTION: Moderately shallow workings amongst trees along the crown of a gentle rise to the west of the Burke's Flat-Mcintyre's Road; quartz fragments on the ground to the east suggest that some workings have been ploughed in; some shaft sites are now filled with rubbish, and the general area has been used for the storage of disused and derelict farm machinery.
COVER: mature trees and sparse grass
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS: 110 Shallow alluvial workings amongst trees; bearing 175 111 Shaft opening with shallow alluvial workings and some disused farm machinery beyond; bearing 355 112 Disused stripper and reaper and binder at the northern end of the workings; bearing 025
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115), Fenton's Diggings (140), Synnott's Diggings (144), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat ( 229), Christmas Flat (235), No. 1 Gully (252), Commissioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty' s Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327) Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully (337) _
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local
RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 153
LOCAL NAME: New Garibaldi Lead
LOCATION: 54HYE383549
DESCRIPTION: Between the State Forest boundary and the Wedderburn-Brenanah Road, along the l ower (or northern) end of the lead the workings have been ploughed in; the surface of the ground is scattered with stones and some of these have been gathered up into small mounds. At the top end of the lead, in the State Forest, where the Sunday Morning Hills Road crosses a shallow gully, there are a number of very shallow workings; originally perhaps no more than a foot or two of sinkings.
COVER: open ploughed ground in the north, mature trees and some grass in the south
HISTORY:
GARIBALDI DIGGINGS [71]
06.1861 near Fenton's Station; highly satisfactory re-working of the area in extended claims; sinkings 3 to 8 feet deep on to 12 or 18 inches of washdirt and giving puddlers 6 dwt. per load plus some small nuggets
06.1869 rush in embryo for want of miners; most now at Berlin
06.1874 40 miners 09.1875 40 miners 1 2.1874 40 miners 03.1875 20 miners 06.1875 20 miners 09.1875 20 miners 12.1875 42 miners 03.1876 42 miners 06.1876 36 miners 09.1876 29 miners 12.1876 26 miners 03 .1877 27 miners 06 .1877 23 miners 09 .1877 23 miners 12.1877 18 miners 03.1878 17 miners 06.1878 14 miners 09.1878 14 miners 12.1878 13 miners 03.1879 22 miners 06.1879 24 miners 09.1879 17 miners 12.1879 11 miners 03.1880 17 miners 06.1880 16 miners 09.1880 14 miners 12.1880 11 miners 03.1881 7 miners 06.1881 10 miners 09.1881 7 miners 12.1881 11 miners 03.1882 06.1882 7 miners 09.1882 14 miners 12.1882 11 miners 03.1883 14 miners 06.1883 9 miners 09.1883 14 miners 12.1883 14 miners 03.1884 11 miners 06.1884 8 miners 09.1884 9 miners 12.1884 6 miners 03.1885 6 miners 06.1885 10 miners 09.1885 5 miners 12.1885 7 miners 03.1886 7 miners 06.1886 9 miners 09.1886 6 miners 12.1886 6 miners 03.1887 8 miners 06.1887 7 miners 09.1887 11 miners 12.1887 11 miners 03.1888 10 miners 06.1888 12 miners 09.1888 10 miners 12.1888 10 miners 03.1889 12 miners 06.1889 11 miners 09.1889 12 miners 12.1889 7 miners
PHOTOGRAPHS:
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41). area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115), Fenton's Diggings (140), Synnott's Diggings (144), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), alluvia l workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223). Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235), No. 1 Gully (252), uu fl]
No . 153 ctd.
Commissioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty•s Gully (318), Brass Button Gully l (327}, Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. uo 7 J.
AREA NO. 161
LOCAL NAME: Sunday Morning Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE428523
DESCRIPTION: A line of undisturbed shallow alluvial workings along the western margin of a gully which runs in a south-easterly direction.
COVER: some trees and moderately thick scrub in places
HISTORY:
:PHOTOGRAPHS:
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115), Fenton•s Diggings (140), Synnott's Diggings (144), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235), No. 1 Gully (252), Commissioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327 }, Brass Button Gully III (332}. Jackson Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local
RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. uo 7 ~
AREA NO. 162
LOCAL NAME: Sunday Morning Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE430520
DESCRIPTION: A collection of small but relatively undisturbed mullock dwnps and shallow workings (with some deep open shafts) along the line of the reef and west of the track
COVER: some trees and moderately thick scrub which tends to obscure the workings from the track
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS:
COMPARISONS: Prince of Wales Reef (165), Matrix Reef (251), American Reef (279), South Gordon mine (304), Honeymoon Reef (324), Welcome Reef (331), Homeward Bo1.md Reef (339), All Nations Reef (340), Union Jack Reef (342)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local
RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in its existing state. u0 i' \.J'.
AREA NO. 163
LOCAL NAME:
LOCATION: 54HYE333460
DESCRIPTION: Between the Wehla Road and the Logan-Wehla Road there is a narrow line of relatively undisturbed shallow workings running roughly north-south across an open grassy paddock. North of the Wehla Road, and right up to the margins of a tributary of Wehla Creek there is a large and intact mound of battery sand which probably marks the site of Salisbury's cyaniding operation.
COVER: open and grassed
HISTORY:
1856 Jericho Lead discovered at Jericho/Wehla : by June 1861 the various reefs had been found and the Granite Company had a 15 head battery driven by a 20 horsepower steam engine; the f irst crushing of 30 tons had returned 220 ounces of gold and a further 2,000 tons of stone was at grass . Mining continued here in a major way until 1874, by which time between 48,000 and 60,000 ounces of gold had been obtained. Reef mining continued in a sporadic fashion and with poor results until 1913. Between 1897 and 1899 Salisbury treated the dumps by the cyanide process and ob tained over 3, 500 ounces of gold [1,20,38,41,42,55,71,73]
SALISBURY. INGLEWOOD [73J
07.1898 105 ounces 2 dwt. from 2,880 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 2,136 ounces dwt. from 39,350 tons of tailings to date; 1,000 pounds paid in dividends to date 08.1898 158 ounces 4 dwt. from 4,400 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 1,965 ounces 12 dwt. from 43,750 tons of tailings to date 09.1898 164 ounces 7 dwt. from 3,680 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 2,129 ounces 19 dwt. from 47,430 tons of tailings to date 10.1898 184 ounces 5 dwt. from 4, 720 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 2,314 ounces 4 dwt. from 52,150 tons of tailings to date 11.1898 161 ounces 17 dwt. from 3,552 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 2,476 ounces 1 dwt. from 55,702 tons of tailings to date 12.1898 130 ounces 12 dwt. from 2,448 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 2,606 ounces 13 dwt. from 58,150 tons of tailings to date 01.1899 144 ounces 5 dwt. from 3,920 tons of taili ngs by cyaniding; 2,750 ounces 17 dwt. from 62,070 tons of tailings to date 02.1899 117 ounces 18 dwt. from 2,100 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 2,868 ounces 16 dwt. from 64,170 tons of tailings to date 03.1899 100 ounces 4 dwt. from 3,500 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 2,969 ounces dwt. from 67,670 tons of tailings to date 04.1899 155 ounces 7 dwt. from 3,745 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 3,124 ounces 6 dwt. from 70,415 tons of tailings to date; 1,300 pounds paid in dividends to date 05.1899 103 ounces l dwt. from 4,490 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 3,2.06 ounces 18 dwt. from 74,905 tons of tailings to date LJ 0 7·i
No. 163 ctd.
06.1899 103 ounces 18 dwt. from 3,640 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 3,310 ounces 15 dwt. from 78,545 tons of tailings to date 07.1899 122 ounces 18 dwt. from 3,760 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 3,433 ounces 13 dwt. from 82,305 tons of tailings to date 08.1899 110 ounces 8 dwt. from 2,530 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 3,544 ounces 1 dwt. from 84,835 tons of tailings to date 09.1899 145 ounces 14 dwt. from 1,950 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 3,689 ounces 15 dwt. from 86,785 tons of tailings to date PHOTOGRAPHS: 038 View along a shallow line of workings between the Logan-Wehla Road and the Wehla-Rheola Road; bearing 175 039 Banks of battery sand on the western margin of a tributary of Wehla Creek; bearing 330
COMPARISONS: Nine Mile (139), Prince of Wales Reef (165), Matrix Reef (251) , Morning Star Reef (283), Maxwell Reef battery sands (311) , Welcome Reef battery sands (330), Welcome Reef (331). March Reef (348), battery sands near the Calder Highway (351)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state . AREA NO. 164
LOCAL NAME:
LOCATION: 54HYE340457
DESCRIPTION: An extensive area of essentially undisturbed shallow alluvial workings on the fall east from the open cut reef workings near the crown of the hill. South of the Logan-Wehla Road the mounds are larger with some moderately shallow shafts. North of the road the workings appear shallower.
COVER: mature trees and some grass south of the road and low scrub north of it
HISTORY:
1856 Jericho Lead discovered at Jericho /Wehla; by June 1861 the various reefs had been found and the Granite Company had a 15 head battery driven by a 20 horsepower steam engine; the first crushing of 30 tons had returned 220 ounces of gold and a further 2,000 tons of stone was at grass. Mining continued here in a major way until 1874, by which time between 48,000 and 60,000 ounces of gold had been obtained. Reef mining continued in a sporadic fashion and with poor results until 1913. Between 1897 and 1899 Salisbury treated the dumps by the cyanide process and obtained over 3 , 500 ounces of gold [1,20,38,41,42,55,71,73]
PHOTOGRAPHS: 040 Shallow alluvial workings to the east of the crossroads at Wehla and north of the Logan-Wehla Road; bearing 285 041 Deeper alluvial workings to the east of the crossroads at Wehla and south of the Logan-Wehla Road; bearing 115 042 Deeper alluvial workings to the east of the crossroads at Wehla and south of the Logan-Wehla Road, showing a portion of one of the deeper shafts; bearing 190
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115), Fenton's Diggings ( 140), Synnott' s Diggings (144), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla ( 163, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235), No. 1 Gully (252), Commissioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper' s Gully and White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty' s Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I ( 327), Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully (337 )
SI GNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * No . 164 ctd.
RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in i ts existing state. AREA NO. 165
LOCAL NAME: Prince of Wales Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE340455
DESCRIPTION: An extensive collapsed open stope working along the line of the reef, with traces of earlier working shafts exposed in the face; now partially filled. In the north east corner there is a deep shaft (the old engine shaft). To the north of the stope there is a battery site and to the north west the sites of the main shaft and engine house.
COVER: bare ground with a few mature trees in the vicinity
HISTORY:
1856 Jericho Lead discovered at Jericho/Wehla: by June 1861 the various reefs had been found and the Granite Company had a 15 head battery driven by a 20 horsepower steam engine; the first crushing of 30 tons had returned 220 ounces of gold and a further 2,000 tons of stone was at grass. Mining continued here in a major way until 1874, by vrhich time between 48,000 and 60,000 ounces of gold had been obtained. Reef mining continued in a sporadic fashion and with poor results until 1913. Between 1897 and 1899 Salisbury treated the dumps by the cyanide process and obtained over 3,500 ounces of gold [1,20,38,41,42,SS,71,73J
JERICHO DIGGINGS, JERICHO/WEHLA [71]
05.1859 mining duller than last time, confined to quartz reefing; attention confined to leaders and veins; main reef not yet found in any payable quantities; steam quartz crushing machine almost completed 06.1859 30 alluvial miners, 160 quartz miners and no Chinese; one puddler presently idle and the steam quartz crusher recently started; still working veins and leaders varying in thicknes s between a f ew inches and 2 feet without finding the main reef; some miners washing pipeclay and tailings; sections supplied 07.1859 44 alluvial miners, 120 quartz miners and no Chinese; one steam engine and a battery intermittently at work; one puddler idle; many quartz claims abandoned and mining considerably duller; 200 tons crushed durin·g June and July for a return of about one ounce per ton; machinery now idle for want of water 11.1859 one steam engine and a battery at work; one puddler idle: population decreasing 04.1860 quartz crushed for between 20 and 25 shillings per ton 05.1860 average yield about one ounce 5 dwt. per ton; crushings cost an average of 20 shillings per ton 06.1860 several abandoned quartz claims being re-prospected 11.1860 250 quartz miners at work; only one crushing machine; old claims formerly abandoned are now proving payable at depth 12.1860 no machinery; one puddler idle; 7 reefs being worked, with one abandoned No. 165, Prince of Wales Reef ctd.
02.1861 some claims to amalgamate in order to obtain leases and erect machinery 03.1861 two claims erecting their own steam crushing machinery; several other claims idle pending erection of baling machinery; the old style of windlass has proved to be utterly useless 04.1861 reefs 9 to 10 feet wide averaging 2 to 3 ounces per ton and yielding steady profits 05.1861 wide reefs available and returning 1 to 2 ounces per ton 06.1861 some workings abandoned 07.1861 satisfactory progress; 2,000 tons of stone to be roasted in a kiln and expected to return 10 to 14 dwt. per ton 08.1861 reefs looking very healthy 09.1861 miners not tempted by the rush to New Zealand 10.1861 steady returns 03.1862 encouraging prospects
07.1863 mining dull: no alluvial mining done du=ing the month
03.1864 total population 250; mining still very dull; no shafts repaired since the great land slip 06.1864 total population 300; alluvial mining very quiet 09.1864 50 miners; nearly all quartz miners 12.1864 60 miners 03.1865 75 miners 06.1865 50 miners 09.1865 75 miners 12.1865 75 miners 03.1866 75 miners 06.1866 75 miners 09.1866 75 miners 12.1866 75 miners 03.1867 so miners
06.1869 20 miners; the Prince of Wales. German, Champion, Black, Phillips and Patterson workings are one line of reef which extends on the surf ace for about 3 miles 09.1869 30 miners 12.1869 30 miners 03.1870 30 miners 06.1870 50 miners 09.1870 50 miners 12.1870 50 miners 03 .1871 30 miners 06 .1871 30 miners 09.1871 30 miners 12.1871 30 miners 03.1872 30 miners 06.1872 30 miners 09 .1872 30 miners 12.1872 30 miners 03.1873 37 miners 06.1873 39 miners 09.1873 39 miners 12.1873 46 miners 03.1874 39 miners 06.1874 30 miners 09.1874 30 miners 12.1874 30 miners 03.1875 30 miners 06.1875 30 miners 12.1876 40 miners 03 .1877 so miners 06 .1877 47 miners 09.1877 53 miners 12 .1877 so miners 03.1878 so miners 06.1878 35 miners 09.1878 50 miners 12.1878 50 miners 03.1879 30 miners 06.1879 40 miners 09.1879 30 miners 12.1879 25 miners 03.1880 25 miners 06.1880 30 miners 09.1880 30 miners 12.1880 20 miners 03.1881 20 miners 06.1881 20 miners 09.1881 25 miners 12.1881 30 miners 03.1882 25 miners; reefs beginning to attract attention again although there is no machinery for crushing stone locally 06.1882 25 miners 09.1882 30 miners 12.1882 35 miners 03.1883 35 miners 06.1883 35 miners 09.1883 40 miners 12.1883 45 miners 03.1884 45 miners 06.1884 45 miners 09.1884 45 miners 12.1884 45 miners 03.1885 45 miners 06.1885 45 miners 09.1885 40 miners 12.1885 40 miners 03.1886 40 miners 06.1886 40 miners 09.1886 40 miners 12.1886 40 miners 03.1887 40 miners 06.1887 40 miners 09.1887 45 miners 12.1887 40 miners (J 0 7 .)
No. 165, Prince of Wales Reef c td.
03.1888 45 miners 06. 1888 40 miners 09.1888 40 miners 12.1888 40 miners 03.1889 40 miners 06.1889 40 miners 09.1889 36 miners 12.1889 36 miners 1903 work conf ined to treating tailings by the cyanide process
JERICHO DIGGINGS AND JORDAN DIGGINGS, JERICHO/'WEHLA [71]
08.1859 66 alluvial miners, 100 quartz miners and 12 Chinese; one steam engine and a battery at work; one puddler idle 09 .1859 70 alluvial miners, 96 quartz miners and no Chinese; one steam engine and a battery at work; one puddle r idle 11.1859 only a few quartz claims at work; population still declines 04 .1860 some of the abandoned claims re-occupied 12.1860 100 alluvial miners , 60 quartz miners; 1.5 square miles of ground occupi ed; one puddler idle; seven reefs, but five of them are the same wit h different names; one reef abandoned although payable at first 01.1861 80 alluvial miners and 40 quartz miners; one puddler working; one or two claims producing slightly better quartz
09 .1875 84 miners 12.1875 84 miners 03.1876 84 miners 06.1876 84 miners 09.1876 100 miners
GERMAN REEF, JERICHO/'WEHLA {7 1]
08.1859 reef much i mproved 09. 1859 still yie lding payable stone 11. 1859 satisfactory results from poor stone easily procured 01.1860 yielding very good stone but crushings delayed for want of water 03.1860 a few claims profitably worked but wa ter scarce 04. 1860 l arge amounts of quartz obtained and good returns expected 05.1860 easily obtained stone which averages one ounce per ton
06.1861 claims again taken up 07 . 1861 280 tons taken from a reef 40 feet wide; almost yielded 2 ounces per ton 08.1 861 bulk crushing of reef and leaders about 40 feet wide yielded almost one ounce per ton
06. 1864 shaft r epaired since the landslip; sank 30 feet and found a reef below the former level which yielded 1 ounce 5 dwt. per ton 12.1864 the only reef in the locality which pays 03.1865 favourable returns for the Granite Company 09.1865 351 ounces 7 dwt . from 1908 tons of s tone 12.1865 233 ounces 17 dwt. from 1806 tons of stone 06.1866 30 ounces 19 dwt . from 65 tons of stone 09.1866 797 ounces from 1402 tons of s tone; S ounces 18 dwt. from 122 tons of mullock and 9 ounces 12 dwt. 6 grains from 190 tons of tailings 12.1866 516 ounces 12 dwt. from 1492 tons of stone 008 0
No . 165, Prince of Wales Reef ctd.
03.1867 508 ounces 18 dwt. 18 grains from 1729 tons of stone 06.1867 434 ounces 7 dwt. from 1636 tons of stone
12.1873 443 ounces from 800 tons of stone
GRANITE COMPANY (OR GRANITE REEF COMPANY. OR GRANITE MACHINE). GERMAN REEF, JERICHO/'WEHLA [71]
12.1861 disappointing trial crushing yielded about 2 dwt. per ton
06.1864 463 ounces from 380 tons of stone 09.1864 949 ounces from 1500 tons of stone 12.1864 760 ounces from 1200 tons of stone; averaged nearly 2 ounces 10 dwt. per ton in the last few crushings 03.1865 1008 ounces from 2040 tons of stone; favourable returns from German Reef 06.1865 500 ounces from 1564 tons of stone; still getting good returns
CATTO'S MACHINE, JERICHO [71]
06.1864 152 ounces from 227 tons of stone 09.1865 57 ounces 10 dwt. from 1000 tons of tailings 12.1865 56 ounces S dwt. from 111 tons of stone; 13 ounces S dwt. from 500 tons of tailings 09.1866 107 ounces 2 dwt. from 124 tons of stone; 5 ounces 18 dwt. from 122 tons of mullock; 23 ounces 7 dwt. 6 grains from 690 tons of tailings 12.1866 93 ounces 12 grains from 140 tons of stone; 27 ounces 1 dwt. 15 grains from 32 tons of cement; 6 ounces 14 dwt. from 128 tons of mullock 03.1867 56 ounces 11 dwt. 17 grains from 85 tons of stone; 4 ounces 10 dwt. 6 grains from 7 tons of cement 06.1867 78 ounces 4 dwt. 16 grains from 125 tons of stone; 3 ounces 18 dwt. 4 grains from 19 tons of cement 09.1867 114 ounces 1 dwt. from 80 tons of stone; 1 ounce 10 dwt. 12 grains from 2 tons of cement; 3 ounces S dwt. 18 grains from 92 tons of mullock
CATTO'S COMPANY, PRINCE OF WALES REEF. JERICHO/WEHLA [71)
09.1873 368 ounces 10 dwt. from 739 tons of stone
09.1887 to re-open workings No. 165, Prince of Wales Reef ctd.
PRINCE OF VALES COMPANY (OR NEW PRINCE OF 'WALES COMPANY), JERICHO/"WEHLA [71, 73)
09.1865 351 ounces 7 dwt. grains from 1 ,908 tons of stone; raising quartz from the whim shaft at the 150 foot level where the r eef i s 34 feet wide; to sink the engine shaft to 210 feet 12.1865 210 ounces dwt. grains from 1 , 743 tons of stone; still sinking engine shaft; expect to complete this in four weeks and then drive 50 feet east for the reef 03.1866 480 ounces dwt. grains from 1,584 tons of stone; driving from the engine shaft and expect to strike the reef in the l ower level in a few days 06. 1866 770 ounces dwt. grains from 1,870 tons of stone; part of the workings caved in, killing two and injuring six 09.1866 766 ounces dwt. grains from 1 , 340 tons of stone; erecting new pumps and a winding engine 12.1866 454 ounces 18 dwt. grains from 1 , 407 tons of stone; recent crushings averaging 6.5 dwt . per ton 03.1867 506 ounces 10 dwt. grains from 1,690 tons of stone; 30 to 40 miners employed and getting consistently average returns 06.1867 416 ounces 4 dwt. 2 grains from 1,568 tons of stone ; sinking the shaft SO feet lower by contract to command a lower level 09.1867 148 ounces from 3,600 tons of mullock; shaft down 60 feet and calling tenders for crosscutting 12 .1867 168 ounces 5 dwt. grains from 743 tons of stone 03 . 1868 86 ounces dwt .· grains from 215 tons of stone; fall off due to a need to open up the mine on a more extended scale 06.1868 90 ounces dwt. grains from 450 tons of stone 09.1868 196 ounces dwt. . gra ins from 704 tons of stone 12.1868 135 ounces dwt . grains from 1 , 100 tons of stone 03.1869 135 ounces 17 dwt. grains from 564 tons of stone 09.1869 company has ceased operations and the claim and powerful crushing, pumping and winding plant are now owned by a Ballarat compa ny
(new company: New Prince of Wales Company) 12.1869 started work again 09.1870 progressing; driving east to intersect a second reef 03.1871 work suspended as calls unpaid 06.1871 work stopped altogether and plant sold off
(new company: Grant and Wallis or Wallace and Company)
06 . 1872 60 ounces 3 dwt. from 105 tons of stone 09 .1872 23 ounces from 91 tons of stone
09.1873 368 ounces 10 dwt. from 739 tons of stone; mine looking well 12.1873 273 ounces from 400 tons of stone taken from German Reef lJ u8 ~' ;
No. 165, Prince of Wales Reef ctd.
(new company: Prince of Wales Company) 1908 opening up old shaft which is in a better position than the new one, in order to test t he ground 1909 old shaft unwatered to 300 feet; to sink a further 100 feet; promising country coming in from the west at this level
1911 driving on a fair sized body of well mineralized stone containing a l ittle gold, but not payable
'WEHLA GOLD MINING COMPANY (OR 'WEHLA COMPANY), JERICHO/'WEHLA
09.1882 1 ounce 10 dwt. 17 grains from 7 tons of stone
09.1883 company re-organized and at work again 12.1883 vigorous development of the property
09.1885 a few trial crushings yielding about 5 dwt. per ton
12.1886 new winding and pumping plant with new engine and battery erected; to be in working order shortly
12.1887 down 290 feet through blue slate and expect to strike stone ; change of country met with coming in from the west and dipping east, principally slate with vertical makes of highly mineralized stone 6 to 9 inches thick 03.1888 shaft down 117 feet below No . 3 level ; hoping to strike a rich lode 06.1888 shaft down 316 feet ; to sink deeper and drive at 310 foot level for lode 09 .1888 crosscutting to pick up reef after fault; lode struck 16 feet east with mineralized stone 6 to 9 inches wide; water heavy and pumps barely able to cope 0 3.1889 persisting in opening up the mine 0 9.1889 operations suspended
PHOTOGRAPHS: 043 View of the northern end of the open stopes on the Prince of Wales Reef; bearing 030 044 View along the open stopes t owards the southern end; bearing 155
COMPARISONS: (Company mining) Nine Mile (139) , Fone 's Reef (146), Union Reef (196), Buchanan Reef (280) , Morning Star Reef ( 283) , Columbian Reef (308), March Reef (348 ) (Machinery s ites) Nine Mile (139), Matrix Ree f ( 251), Morning Star Ree f ( 283), Maxwell Reef battery sands (311), Welcome Reef battery sands (330), Welcome Reef (331), March Reef ( 348) , battery sands near the Calder Highway (351)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * No. 165, Prince of Wales Reef ctd.
RECOMMENDATIONS : Preserve in existing state after cleani ng up rubbish dumped into open cut. Provide interpretation of the features of the site and its mining history. Some relatively superficial archaeological investigation of the area iIIUT1ediately to the north of the open cut may reveal feature s ( such as machinery/building footings ) which are now buried . uo 8 -~
AREA NO . 169
LOCAL NAME:
LOCATION: 54HYE341441
DESCRIPTION: An extensive area of shallow alluvial workings along a flat gully to the east of the Bealiba-Wehla Road; extending across the road and up several gullies to the west. At the northern end there is some open cut reef workings, the site for a shaft, and a large mullock dump. The area has been disturbed recently by costeaning and drilling.
COVER: a reasonable number of mature trees and sparse grass
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS: 093 Shallow alluvial workings to the south of the large mullock dump and from the top of the dump; bearing 350 094 General view of the mullock dump from the opposite side of the Bealiba- Wehla Road; bearing 020 095 View of the open cut to the west of the Bealiba-Wehla Road; bearing 167 096 Shallow alluvial workings in the vicinity of the open cut; bearing 130 097 Side elevation of small building constructed from sawn logs to the east of the main line of shallow alluvial workings to the east of the Bealiba-Wehla Road; bearing 080
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115), Fenton's Diggings (140}, Synnott' s Diggings (144), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164 and 177), Stockyard Gully {190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235), No. 1 Gully (252), Commissioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper• s Gully and White Lead ( 302) , Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty•s Gully ( 318), Brass Button Gully I (327) , Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully ( 337 )
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 177
LOCAL NAME:
LOCATION: 54HYE340412
DESCRIPTION: A very extensive and essentially undisturbed area of moderately shallow workings and low mounds along a gully on the fall from the reef workings to the north; running approximately north south and crossing both Webb's Lane and the Bealiba-Wehla Road. There is some disturbance of these workings at the northern end.
COVER: mature trees and grass
HISTORY:
JONES'S GULLY, JORDAN DIGGINGS [71]
09.1868 about two miles south west of Berlin; rushed on 30 September with prospects of one ounce per load
PHOTOGRAPHS: 087 Extensive line of shallow alluvial workings to the east of the Bealiba-Wehla Road; bearing 300 088 Extension of the line of shallow alluvial workings to· the west of the Bealiba-Wehla Road; bearing 175 089 Shallow alluvial workings south of Webb's Lane and towards the head of the gully; bearing 220 090 Shallow alluvial workings north of Webb's Lane and towards the head of the gully; bearing 020
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10) , Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115 ) , Fenton's Diggings (140), Synnott's Diggings (144), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164 and 169), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235), No. l Gully (252), Commissioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully ( 301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302),Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327), Brass Button Gully III (332) , Jackson Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 183
LOCAL NAME: Hielerunan's Gully
LOCATION: 54HYE461472
DESCRIPTION: A line of moderately deep shafts with moderately sized mounds spread out along the line of a very flat gully.
COVER: mostly open, with some low acacia scrub and some mature trees
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS:
COMPARISONS: New Year Diggings (141). Evan's Lead (184), Possum Hill Lead (255) , Groper ' s Gully and White Lead (302)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state . AREA NO. 184
LOCAL NAME: Evan's Gully
LOCATION: 54HYE463473
DESCRIPTION: A line of moderately deep shafts, often timbered at the top, with moderately sized mounds spread out along the line of the lead.
COVER: mostly open, with some low acacia scrub and mature trees.
HISTORY:
02.1861 782 ounce nugget found on the surface just below the cap of the Matrix Reef at Mcintyre's; 493, 234, 198, 77, 57 and 54 ounce nuggets found at shallow depths in Evan's Gully, Glenalbyn [35,39,40,71] 03.1861 152 ounce nugget found at Evan's Gully, Glenalbyn [71] 04.1861 281 ounce 10 pennyweight nugget found at a shallow depth in Evan's Gully, Glenalbyn [71]
EVANS'S GULLY, GLENALBYN
02.1861 782, 493, 224, 198, 77 , 57 and 54 ounce nuggets found within 100 yards of shafts; also several smaller ones weighing between 4 and 10 ounces, with a total of 200 ounces; sites marked off for businesses 03.1861 many nuggets produced, the largest being 152 ounces; erecting dams for water; large amounts of dirt awaiting the puddlers 06.1861 shaft bottomed at 80 feet from which one ounce per load was obtained; renewed interest in the locality after being nearly abandoned 07.1861 lead of very good gold struck a quarter of a mile away, bearing north east and running into Hall's property 11.1861 rich reef struck at the head of the gully; 10 inches wide but not yet tested
10.1862 new reef only auriferous for the first 10 feet; prospectors sinking in the hope of finding a lode l ower down
HALL•s RUSH, KINGOWER
12.1860 1.5 miles from Old Kingower; coarse nuggety gold found on decomposed granite at between 20 and 80 feet 01.1861 fewer miners at work; gold extracted from hard cement at the crushing machine in Old Kingower 02.1861 continuation of Evans's Gully inside the Rev. w. Hall's pre-emptive right; not remunerative and now abandoned
PHOTOGRAPHS: 224 Shallow alluvi al workings along Evans Lead; bearing 130 u0 8 ~
No . 184, Evan's Gully ctd .
COMPARISONS: New Year: Diggings (141) , Hielenman's Gully (183 ) , Possum Hill Lead (255), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B C D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state . (J 0 8 ,;
AREA NO. 196
LOCAL NAME: Union Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE455453
DESCRIPTION: A large open stope and some partially filled shafts and other workings on the top of a ridge overlooking Levers Gully. On the flat to the south west there is a deposit of battery sand which suggests the location of a battery site, although there is no other obvious evidence of its whereabouts.
COVER: sparse acacia scrub and some mature trees
HISTORY:
AMALGAMATED COMPANY, UNION REEF, KINGO'WER
07.1859 sinking becoming more difficult; no reef in sight 08.1859 20 men raising good quartz; blacksmith's forge employed underground 09.1859 still yielding satisfactory results 11.1859 getting a large amount of highly payable stone 05.1860 company sold; new owners to obtain a lease; shaft down 216 feet
KINGO'WER QUARTZ MINING COMPANY (OR ?NATIONAL QUARTZ MINING COMPANY), ?UNION REEF, KINGOWER
03.1871 engaged in prospecting stone which at one time yielded so well 06.1871 driving at 150 and 170 foot levels on good stone; regular returns expected soon 09.1871 60 ounces from 600 tons of stone; returns not up to expectations
NATIONAL QUARTZ MINING COMPANY, UNION REEF, KINGOWER
06.1869 portion of a powerful crushing plant erected 09.1869 erecting steam engines 12.1869 steam machinery started 06 .1870 still prospecting; some good samples found but crushings unsatisfactory
NEV UNION COMPANY, ?UNION REEF, 7KINGO'WER, INGLKW'OOD
1904 15 ounces 11 dwt. from 71 tons of stone oo:u
No. 196, Union Reef ctd.
UNTON COMPANY. ?UNION REEF, KINGOWER
03.1883 making fair progress with plant and mine 09.1883 mining plant is now one of the best in the division 12.1883 32 ounces 12 dwt. from 150 tons of stone; result satisfactory 03.1884 90 ounces dwt. from 300 tons of stone 09.1884 28 ounces 12 dwt. from 130 tons of stone
12.1886 41 ounces dwt. from 20 tons of stone
UNION REEF, KINGOWER
05.1859 long worked with poor results, but now expected to repay shareholders 06.1859 Patterson and Company's claim increasing in richness; pumping water from reef for mining purposes; several other claims active at the north end of the reef 07.1859 improving 08.1859 500 yards marked out along the reef with shafts down 300 to 400 feet; Amalgamated Company getting good stone; 20 men employed raising quartz and using a blacksmith's forge underground 09.1859 Amalgamated Company getting satisfactory results 11.1859 in full work; Amalgamated Company getting large quantities of stone, some of which is highly payable 01.1860 still getting good returns on a large body of quartz 03.1860 work continuing 04.1860 hard sinking; great influx of water 05.1860 Amalgamated Company sold their interest to a new company which plans to sink for a second lode; now down 216 feet; miners at work on a reef half a mile south from which gold was obtained several years ago 12.1860 still proving remunerative 06.1861 very rich stone struck at 220 feet; water heavy; Union Reef Company to erect powerful machinery 07.1861 several prospecting claims marked out on a promising run of stone 10.1861 operations suspended by heavy water; to erect machinery 12.1861 awaiting erection of machinery
UNION REEF MACHINE. ?KINGOWER
09.1864 327 ounces from 846 tons of stone 12.1864 215 ounces from 630 tons of stone 03.1865 25 ounces from 100 tons of stone
PHOTOGRAPHS: 225 Open stopes at the southern end of Union Reef; bearing 026 226 Open stopes at Union Reef, bearing 181
COMPARISONS: Nine Mile (139), Fone's Reef (146), Prince of Wales Reef (165 ) , Buchanan Reef (280), Morning Star Reef (283), Columbian Reef (308), March Reef (348) No. 196, Union Reef ctd.
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 209
LOCAL NAME: Langham Flat (or Lingham Flat)
LOCATION: 54HYE405432
DESCRIPTION: An extensive area of moderately shallow shafts and moderately sized mounds east of the Wedderburn-Dunolly Road, and between two tributaries of the northern branch of Kangderaar Cr-eek; workings generally intact and containing some rubbish.
COVER: mature trees and thick grass
HI STORY:
12.03.1869 893 ounce nugget found by Patrick Hoare and James Hoare at a depth of 20 feet in Langham Flat, Berlin/Rheola; a 624 ounce nugget also found at a depth of 9 feet in Langham Flat, north of Gilmore's Gully, Berlin/Rheola, at an unknown date (1,39,71) 15.06.1869 336 ounce nugget found by J. F. Gardiner and Company at a depth of 9 feet in Langham Fl.at, Berlin/Rheola [1,39) 12.1874 96 ounce nugget found in the prospector's claim at Langham's Flat, Berlin [1, 711
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen• s Hill ( 82) , area .east of main road ( 115) , Fen ton's Diggings (140), Synnott' s Di ggings (144), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), all uvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235), No. 1 Gully (252), Commissioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and "White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327 ) , Brass Button Gully III (332) , Jackson Gully (33 7)
SIGNIFICANCE A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state after cleaning out some of the more obvious rubbish. AREA NO. 218
LOCAL NAME: John's Paddock
LOCATION: 54HYE40642S
DESCRIPTION: Some shallow shafts and moderately sized mounds over a wide area, with some recent hydraulic sluicing down to quartz and country rock; a corrugated iron (miner's ?) hut is located on the south eastern boundary of the area, and at the southern end of what appears to be a tailings pond.
COVER: open with some mature trees and a sparse grass
HISTORY:
CATTO'S PADDOCK, BERLIN [71J
09.1870 occasional large nuggets found here 06.1871 718 ounces 5 dwt. nugget found by a party of Chinese in April; Gardner and party then found a 246 ounce 16 dwt. nugget there in May
03.1882 company formed to work the ground in the proximity of the old lead
CLELLAND'S GULLY, BERLIN
12.1868 rich finds, equal to any in the colony
PHOTOGRAPHS: 103 The remains of hydraulic sluicing at the bottom end of the gully: bearing 125 104 A view of some concrete footings with a sluicing pond beyond; bearing 285 105 Tailings dam for sluicing operations at the bottom end of the gully; bearing 130 106 Shallow alluvial workings at the bottom end of the gully and to the north of the hydraulic sluicing area; bearing 300
COMPARISONS: Berlin Flat (223), St. John's Patch (253), Pretty•s Gully (318) , Brass Button Gully I ( 327), Brass Button Gully III ( 332) , Jacksons Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in its existing state. AREA NO . 223
LOCAL NAME: Berlin Flat
LOCATION: 54HYE412417
DESCRIPTION: Shallow workings with moderately sized mounds amongst trees and roughly midway between the monument and the north branch of Kangderaar Creek. Most of the workings presumed to have been in the vicinity appear to have either been ploughed in or s luiced away subsequently.
COVER: ma ture trees in reasonably dense formation
HISTORY:
BERLIN (OR BERLIN DIGGINGS) [71]
08.1868 Alexander Clelland found a 40 ounce nugget at the bottom of a shallow shaft just outside John's upper paddock at Berlin/Rheola; this initiated the rush to Berlin and by the end of the year miners were at wo r k in Clel land's, Fortunate , Power's, Sheepshead, Gilmore's and New Chum gul lies [1,71] 09.1868 3 t o 5 pound nuggets commonly found a t Berlin/Rheola; 500 miners at work on Be r lin Flat; rush continuing [71 ] 15 .10 . 1868 456 ounce nugget found at a shallow depth in Allotment No. 2 0 , Fortunate Gully, Berl in/Rheola; a 288 ounce nugget found in shallow ground in Fortunate Gully at an unknown date [1,39] 19.10.1868 Bank of New South Wales at Inglewood displayed nuggets with a total we ight of 1021 ounces 10 pennyweights which had been found at Berlin [1] 10.1868 gold discovered by Power in Power's Gully [l] 11.1868 286 ounce nugget found at a depth of 5 feet at Berlin/Rheola [1,39J 12.1868 rush a great success [71) 12.03.1869 893 ounce nugget found by Patrick Hoare and James Hoare at a depth of 20 f e et in Langham Flat, Berlin/Rheola; 672 ounce nugget found at a depth of 12 feet at Tyler's Rush, Berlin/Rheola; a 624 ounce nugget also found at a depth of 9 feet in Langham Flat, north of Gilmore's Gully, Berlin/Rheola, at an unknown date [1,39,71] 03.1869 2,000 miners at Berlin/Rheola; new ground being opened up and large nuggets frequently discovered [71) 15.06.1869 336 ounce nugget found by J. F. Gardiner and Company at a depth of 9 feet in Langham Flat, Berlin/Rheola [1,39) 06.1869 1,200 miners; Berlin rush extended to Tyler' s Bridge, one mile along Sandy Creek to the south east [71] 11.09.1869 600 ounce nugget found at a depth of 12 feet i n Allotment No. 14, Berlin/Rheola [l,39] 09.1869 480 ounce nugget found by a party of Chinese mi ners at a depth of 12 feet in Catto's Paddock, Berlin/Rheola; Berlin rush responsible for doubling the output of gold for the quarter; 3,000 miners on the field; gold found in dry formations ; washing to commence and l arger returns are expected (1,39,71] 12. 1869 3,000 miners; rush increasing [71] 03.1870 2, 500 miners [71] No. 223, Berlin Flat ctd.
31.05.1870 discovery of Viscount Canterbury nugget (1, 114 ounces) by Solomon Schlossman and John Davis at a depth of 8 feet in Allotment No. 12, John' s Paddock, Berlin/Rheola (1,39,71] 06.1870 2,000 miners; considerable decrease in the mining population; gold still found in very large quantities but no new ground opened; 8,000 ounces obtained from this portion of the division during the past 3 months 09.1870 2.000 miners; further fall in the population; great fall in the yield of gold; occasionally large nuggets found on the private properties of Catto and Johns, but miners there not earning 5 shillings a week 03.10.1870 discovery of Viscountess Canterbury nugget (912 ounces} by Felstead and party at a depth of 6 feet 6 inches in Allotment No. 21, John's Paddock, Berlin/Rheola (1,39,71) 12.1870 rush to Christmas Flat, as a continuation of the Tyler's Bridge rush; 1,800 miners; rush subsiding, but large nuggets still found on private properties {71) 05 .01.1871 discovery of Precious nugget (l,717 ounces) by Ah Chang and party at a depth of 12 feet in Catto' s Paddock. Berlin/Rheola; a 500 ounce nugget was also fou.nd at a depth of 12 feet in Catto• s Paddock, Berlin/ Rheola, at an unknown date [1,39,71] 03.1871 333 ounce 14 pennyweight nugget found by W. Brown and W. Collins at a depth of 9 feet in Christmas Flat, Berlin/Rheola; other nuggets up to 5 pounds in weight also found in the same area; a 1,000 ounce and a 528 ounce 8 pennyweight nugget also found at Christmas Flat at unknown dates; 1,700 mine rs [1,39,71] 17 . 04.1871 discovery of Kum Tow nugget ( 759 ounces 19 pennyweights) by Loo Ching and party at a depth of 12 feet 6 inches in Catto's Paddock, Berlin/Rheola. 718 ounce 5 pennyweight nugget found by a party of Chinese in Catto's paddock at Berlin (1,39,71) 10. 05.1871 246 ounce 16 pennyweight nugget (The Needful) discovered by Gardiner and Company in Catto's paddock, Berlin [1.39) 06.1871 several nuggets varying from one ounce to 12 pounds also discovered in Catto's paddock, Berlin, during the past quarter; 1,300 miners [71] 09 .1871 1,700 miners ; yields much lower; some parties prospecting for reefs 12.1871 1,500 miners 03.1872 exodus of miners from Berlin; 1, 400 miners [71] 08.05.1872 512 ounce nugget found by Scott and Murphy at a depth of 9 feet in Christmas Flat, Berlin/Rheola [ l,39,71] 06.1872 l, 300 miners; not getting enough gold to support the present population 09.1872 1.200 miners 12.1872 1,200 miners 03.1873 750 miners 06.1873 742 miners 09.1873 700 miners; miners returning from the Avoca Forest rush 12.1873 704 miners 03.1874 650 miners 06.1874 650 miners 09.1874 400 miners No. 223, Berlin Flat ctd.
12.1874 96 ounce nugget found in the prospector•s claim at Langham's Flat, Berlin; 300 miners at Hard Hills, Berlin/Rheola, with sinkings varying from 25 to 47 feet in hard cement ; 540 miners (1 ,71] 03 .1875 400 miners 06.1875 300 miners 09.1875 300 miners at Berlin and Hard Hills 12.1875 300 miners at Berlin and Hard Hills 03.1876 300 miners at Berlin and Hard Hills 06.1875 1,900 miners at Berlin, and Hard, Possum and Moonlight Hills
09.1876 2,000 miners at Berlin and Hard Hills 12.1876 90 miners at Berlin and Hard Hills
09.1876 practically deserted by the rush to Orville; application for a quartz prospecting claim by Ernest Breren and Leo Plania
03 .1877 125 miners 06 .1877 140 miners 09.1877 140 miners 12.1877 150 miners 03.1878 80 miners 06 .1878 50 miners 09 .1878 500 miners ; small rush set in near the old diggings; a limited amount of ground for working 12. 1878 300 miners
03.1879 200 miners 06.1879 100 miners 09.1879 110 miners 12.1879 100 miners 03.1880 110 miners 06.1880 115 miners 09.1880 115 miners 12.1880 110 miners 03.1881 100 miners 06.1881 105 miners 09.1881 110 miners 12.1881 110 miners 02 .1882 109 ounce 6 pennyweight nugget found at Berlin [1] 03.1882 100 miners; 109 ounce 6 dwt. nugget unearthed early in February 06.1882 100 miners 09.1882 100 miners 12.1882 100 miners 03.1883 100 miners 06.1883 100 miners 09.1883 100 miners 12.1883 100 miners 03.1884 100 miners 06.1884 100 miners 09.1884 100 miners 12.1884 100 miners 03.1885 43 ounce 13 pennyweight nugget found at Guy's Rush near Berlin} Rheola [ 71) 03.1885 100 miners 06.1885 100 miners 09 . 1885 90 miners 12.1885 90 miners 03.1886 90 miners 06.1886 90 miners 09 . 1886 90 miners 12.1886 90 miners 03.1887 90 miners 06.1887 92 miners 09.1887 95 miners 12.1887 95 miners 03.1888 95 miners 06.1888 95 miners 09.1888 95 miners 12.1888 90 miners 03.1889 90 miners 06 .1889 80 miners 09.1889 70 miners 12.1889 70 miners c. e. BERTUCB AND H. L. BERTUCH, RHEOLA
1946 3 ounces from 870 cubic yards of sluiced ground 1947 26 ounces from 5 , 000 cubic yards of sluiced ground 1948 15 ounces fr·om 6,000 cubic yards of sluiced ground 1949 19 ounces from 8 , 000 cubic yards of sluiced ground 1950 8 ounces from 2,000 cubic yards of sluiced ground No. 223, Berlin Flat ctd.
1951 16 ounces from 7,100 cubic yards of sluiced ground; a total of 77 ounces obtained to date; results not payable 1952 1953 2 ounces from 550 cubic yards of sluiced ground 1954 3 ounces from 500 cubic yards of sluiced ground 1955 8 ounces from 1,000 cubic yards of sluiced ground
PHOTOGRAPHS: 098 A view over Catto's Paddock towards a group of shallow alluvial workings in trees from a position just north of a dam on the north branch of Kangderaar Creek; bearing 295
COMPARISONS: John's Paddock (218), St. John's Patch (253), Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327}, Brass Button Gully III (332), Jacksons Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state . AREA NO. 229
LOCAL NAME: Tyler's Flat
LOCATION: 54HYE414405
DESCRIPTION: An extensive area of moderately shallow shafts and moderately sized mounds mostly along the west side of the northern branch of Kangderaar Creek from Chapel Gully in the south to just beyond the junction with Blind Creek in the north; the deeper workings appear to be at the southern end; relatively undisturbed and free of rubbish.
COVER: open and grassed in parts, otherwise well grassed and with a section of mature trees along the line of the creek
HISTORY:
12.03.1869 893 ounce nugget found by Patrick Hoare and James Hoare at a depth of 20 feet in Langham Flat, Berlin/Rheola; 672 ounce nugget found at a depth of 12 feet at Tyler's Rush, Berlin/Rheola; a 624 ounce nugget also found at a depth of 9 feet in Langham Flat, north of Gilmore's Gully, Berlin/Rheola, at an unknown date (1,39,71] 03.1869 2,000 miners at Berlin/Rheola; new ground being opened up and large nuggets frequently discovered (71] 15.06.1869 336 ounce nugget found by J. F. Gardiner and Company at a depth of 9 feet in Langham Flat, Berlin/Rheola [1,39) 06.1869 1, 200 miners; Berlin rush extended to Tyler's Bridge, one mile along Sandy Creek to the south east (71]
PHOTOGRAPHS: 081 Moderately deep workings which extend north of the Inglewood-Rheola Road and we st of the creek; bearing 355 099 Sh~llow workings south of the Inglewood-Rheola Road and west of the north branch of Kangderaar Creek; bearing 177
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115), Fenton's Diggings (140), Synnott's Diggings (144), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Christmas Flat (235), No. 1 Gully (252), Conunissioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301) , Groper's Gully and 'White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327 ), Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * 009J
No. 229. Tyler's Flat ctd.
RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. UlO U
AREA NO. 234
LOCAL NAME: Chapel Gully
LOCATION: 54HYE413400
DESCRIPTION: An extensive area of shallow shafts and low mounds along the southern margin of the gully and around the slope to the south; relatively undisturbed, but with some rubbish dumped in the larger holes in the northern section.
COVER: grassed, with both mature and younger trees
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS: 079 A view of shallow alluvial workings along the line of the gully and to the west of the track; bearing 200 080 View of shallow alluvial workings at the top end of the gully; bearing 170
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9). William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115) , Fenton's Diggings (140), Synnott• s Diggings (144), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153). alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163. 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190). Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235), No. l Gully (252), Conunissioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327 ), Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully {337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local
RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state after clearing more obvious rubbish from holes . Ul 0 .t~ .
AREA NO. 235
LOCAL NAME: Christmas Flat
LOCATION: 54HYE404395
DESCRIPTION: An extensive area of shallow workings between the Christmas Creek track and the west branch of Kangderaar Creek; relatively undisturbed.
COVER: open and well grassed so that many of the shallower workings are all but obscured
HISTORY:
12.1870 small rush as a continuation of the one at Tyl er's Bridge; some fine gold obtained as well as nuggets of a pound in weight and under; 200 miners [71] 03.1871 the centre of recent attention; 333 ounce 14 dwt. nugget found by W. Brown and W. Col lins at a depth of 9 feet; other nuggets found of 5 pounds weight and under; mo re than two years ago the place was prospected and then almost deserted as be ing unprofitable; a 1, 000 ounce and a 528 ounce 8 pennyweight nugget also f ound at Christmas Flat at unknown dates [1,39,71 ) 06.1871 good yields still obtained by a few [71]
PHOTOGRAPHS: 078 A view of alluvial workings partially hidden by thick grass at the north east end of the flat and just south of the track; bearing 230
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115), Fenton's Diggings (140), Syortott's Diggings (144), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (22S), Tyler's Flat (229), No. 1 Gully (252), Commissioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305) , Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327), Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully (337}
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state, but examine the possibility of clearing some of the thick grass along the northern margin of the creek in order to expose the shallow alluvial workings. AREA NO. 244
LOCAL NAME: Humbug Hills (or Hard Hills)
LOCATION: 54HYE412378
DESCRIPTION: An extended line of moderately shallow workings along an old cemented lead; relatively undisturbed and fairly free from rubbish.
COVER: mostly open and grassed with mature trees and gorse in some sections
HISTORY:
12.1874 300 miners on the ground; sinkings 40 feet in hard ground and patchy; 11 ounces obtained at the bottom of one shaft; not a defined lead; hills situated midway between Orville Creek and the Kingower pre emptive section (tracing supplied) and 2 miles from Berlin; sinkings vary from 25 to 47 feet in hard cement onto 6 to 12 inches of washdirt over a bed of decomposed granite; largest nugget reported so far is 36 ounces, with another weighing 19 ounces 5 dwt. taken from a shaft just bottomed at 25 feet; smaller nuggets from 3 to 5 ounces were more common; 200 miners on the spot, with supplies obtained from Berlin and dirt washed at Christmas Flat; John Bayne and William Davies were the first prospectors, but Edward Brest and William Britton found the first payable gold [71) 03.1875 no increase in activity [71] 06.1875 rush over [71] 09.1875 several small rushes to the area between Mcintyre's and Berlin; some nuggets between 6 and 30 ounces obtained but the ground is very patchy (71)
PHOTOGRAPHS: 073 View along a line of weathered shallow alluvial workings at the eastern end of the hill; bearing 215 074 General view of the middle group of shallow alluvial workings along the hill; bearing 225 075 View along the middle line of workings; bearing 245
COMPARISONS: Hard Hill and Nursery Flat (106). Orville (254)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. UlU.:i
AREA NO . 251
LOCAL NAME: Matrix Reef or McEvoy's Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE398364
DESCRIPTION: Several open cuts, collapsed adits , deep shafts and large mullock dumps at the head of No. l Gully. The workings extend over the crown of the hill towards the head of No. 3 Gully to the north, where there are several old costeans and a number of shafts, some timbered and deep.
COVER: mostly open and grassed, with some mature trees
HISTORY:
13. 03.1857 discovery of 805 ounce nugget by Charles Mccartin and Patrick Mulcahy at a depth of one foot in No. 1 Gully, Mcintyre' s (Wet Diggings) (l,39) 05.05.1857 discovery of The McEvoy nugget (1068 ounces (or 810 ounces)) on the surface near the Matrix Reef at Mcintyre's by Nicholas McAvoy and Walter Pal.mer; 20, 000 pounds worth of gold obtained from shallow sinkings on the reef where it outcropped on the surface including 22 7, 136, 107, 5 7 and 26 ounce nuggets found near the reef [1,39,40)
MATRIX COMPANY, MATRIX REEF, MCINTYRE'S [71 )
12.1865 60 ounces obtained from a bucketful of rich stone found near the old workings; now sinking for the reef further south
MATRIX REEF, MCINTYRE'S [71)
12.1865 rich patch of stone found close to the old workings; three leases applied for, two north of and one south of the prospectors• ground
MATRIX. SYNDICATE (OR J. J. O'BRIEN AND COMPANY), MATRIX REEF, MCINTRYE'S HILL , MCINTYRE• S [7 3 J
1910 439 ounces 1 dwt. from 81 tons of stone; tunnel in 465 feet; 528 ounces of gold won so far 1911 80 ounces 11 dwt. from an unspecified amount of stone 1912 336 ounces 15 dwt. from 60 tons of stone; developing the bottom levels 1913 21 ounces from 1.5 tons of stone; 976 ounces 6 dwt. obtained from 144 tons of stone to date No. 251, Matrix Reef ctd.
PHOTOGRAPHS: 057 Shaft opening on the top of the hill above the Matrix Reef open stope and showing a 12 inch quartz vein pitching east and dipping at about 80 degrees; bearing 150 058 A group of three shafts on the top of the hill above the Matrix Reef open stope ; bearing 000 059 Timb ered shaft about 60 feet deep between the top of the hill and the Matrix Reef open stope; bearing 120 060 View along t he open reef workings towards the entrance of the upper adit (now collapsed); bearing 340 061 Shaft opening on the west side of the Matrix Reef open stope; bearing 025 062 View of the workings from the slope to the east showing the mullock dump below the middle adit level; bearing 205 063 View along the cutting towards the entrance to the lower adit (now collapsed) and across a possible battery site t o the mullock dump below the middle working level; bearing 000 (same as 066 and 067) 064 View along the cutting towards the entrance to lower adit (now collapsed) and across a possible battery site to the mullock dump below the middle working level; bearing 000 (same as 065 and 067) 065 View along the cutting t owards the entrance to lower adit (now collapsed) and across a possibl e battery site to the mullock dump below the middle working level; bearing 000 (same as 065 and 066) 067 View of the collapsed entry to the middle level and the start of the mullock dump on the r i ght; bearing 355
COMPARISONS: Sunday Morning Reef (162), Prince of Wales Reef (165) , American Reef (279). South Gordon mine (304), Honeymoon Reef (324), Welcome Reef (331), Homeward Bound Reef (339), All Nations Ref (340), Union Jack Reef (342)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. ul (J . ~,
AREA NO. 252
LOCAL NAME: No. 1 Gully
LOCATION: 54HYE401356
DESCRIPTION: An extensive collection of well-rounded and moderately sized dumps and shallow shafts on the slope to the north of the Wedderburn-Dunolly Road. Towards the head of the gully there is a pumped sluicing operation in progress.
COVER: mature trees and grass at the southern end. near the road, and sparser cover further up the gully
HISTORY:
13.03.1857 discovery of 805 ounce nugget by Charles Mccartin and Patrick Mulcahy at a depth of one foot in No. 1 Gully, Mcintyre' s (Wet Diggings) (1,39]
PHOTOGRAPHS: 068 General view from the access track to the Matrix Reef workings of the sluicing operations in progress at the head of No. 1 Gully; bearing 010 070 Alluvial workings at the bottom of No. 1 Gully and just north of the Wedderburn-Dunolly Road; bearing 250 ( same position as 073 but different direction) 071 Alluvial workings at the bottom of No. 1 Gully and just north of the Wedderburn-Dunolly Road; bearing 325 ( same position as 072 but different direction)
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115), Fenton's Diggings (140), Synnott' s Diggings (144), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Gariba ldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef {161), · alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235 ), Conuni ssioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (3 0 2), Bul ldog Gully (305), Pretty's Gully (318 ), Brass Button Gully I (327 ), Brass Button Gully III (332) , Jackson Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. UlO~
AREA NO. 253
LOCAL NAME: St. John's Patch
LOCATION: 54HYE404356
DESCRIPTION: A few traces of old workings; the area has generally been disturbed by later sluicing operations; some lengths of piping on the ground and some evidence of activity with a bulldozer.
COVER: open and grassed, with a few trees near the creek
HISTORY:
MCINTYRE'S DIGGINGS, OR 'WET DIGGINGS [71]
05.1859 diggings in a languid state 06.1859 46 alluvial miners, 14 quartz miners and 60 Chinese; one puddler, now idle; miners still working old ground with little success; water supplied from Mcintyre's Creek 07.1859 40 alluvial miners, 12 quartz miners, 18 Chinese; 3 puddlers, 2 idle; mining very dull; the few alluvial miners left are working old ground 08.1859 222 alluvial miners , 4 quartz miners, 180 Chinese; 4 puddlers, 2 idle; 20 pounds of gold found in a shallow hole in No. 1 Gully, including a 10 pound nugget; old ground being re-worked by Chinese 09.1859 130 alluvial miners, 4 quartz miners, 72 Chinese; 4 puddlers, 3 idle; no improvement in mining 11.1859 4 puddl ers, 3 idle ; only about 12 alluvial miners at work 03.1860 only a few miners at work on old ground
12.1860 28 alluvial miners, 2 quartz miners; one square mile of ground occupied; 3 puddlers working, all but one reef working registered 01.1860 28 alluvial miners, 10 quartz miners; total population 200; 3 square miles of ground occupied; 3 puddlers; all reefs still registered 04.1861 several abandoned reefs now held in extended claims 06.1861 workings abandoned 10.1861 ground nearly all abandoned
03 . 1864 total population 300 06.1864 total population 300 09.1864 20 miners; ground almost deserted 12.1864 20 miners 03.1865 15 miners 06.1865 15 miners 09.1865 90 miners 12.1865 50 miners; alluvial mining at a standstill for want of water 03.1866 60 miners; more ground taken up under lease 06.1866 60 miners 09 . 1866 35 miners 12.1866 35 miners 03.1867 20 miners 06.1869 10 miners 09.1869 10 miners 12.1869 10 miners 03.1870 10 miners 06.1870 20 miners 09.1870 20 miners 12.1870 30 miners Lil U/
No. 253, St. John's Patch ctd.
03.1871 20 miners 06.1871 30 miners 09.1871 20 miners 12 . 1871 20 miners 03 .1872 20 miners 06.1872 20 miners 09.1872 40 miners 12.1872 40 miners 03.1873 38 miners 06.1873 36 miners 09.1873 40 miners 12.1873 36 miners 03.1874 33 miners 06.1874 30 miners 09.1874 30 miners 12.1874 30 miners 03.1875 30 miners 06.1875 30 miners 09.1875 40 miners 12.1875 40 miners 03.1876 40 miners 06.1876 40 miners 09.1876 20 miners 12.1876 45 miners 03 .1877 67 miners 06 .1877 65 miners 09 .1877 65 miners 12 .1877 60 miners 03.1878 76 miners 06.1878 130 miners 09.1878 130 miners 12.1878 130 miners 03.1879 100 miners 06.1879 so miners 09.1879 50 miners 12.1879 50 miners 03.1880 40 miners 06.1880 45 miners 09.1880 45 miners 12.1880 35 miners 03.1881 30 miners 06.1881 30 miners 09 .1881 35 miners 12.1881 40 miners 03.1882 35 miners 06.1882 30 miners 09.1882 30 miners 12.1882 30 miners 03.1883 20 miners 06.1883 20 miners 09.1883 20 miners 12.1883 20 miners 03.1884 20 miners 06.1884 20 miners 09.1884 20 miners 12.1884 20 miners 03.1885 20 miners 06.1885 20 miners 09.1885 20 miners 12.1885 20 miners 03.1886 20 miners 06.1886 20 miners 09.1886 20 miners 12.1886 20 miners 03.1887 20 miners 06.1887 20 miners 09.1887 20 miners 12.1887 20 miners 03.1888 20 miners 06.1888 20 miners 09.1888 20 miners 12.1888 20 miners 03.1889 20 miners 06.1889 20 miners 09.1889 20 miners 12.1889 20 miners
MCINTYRE• S CENTRIFUGAL PUMP SLUICING GOLD MINING COMPANY• ?MCINTYRE' S, INGLEVOOD [73)
1906 125 ounces 5 dwt. from 2 fathoms of sluiced ground
PHOTOGRAPHS: 072 View over some lengths of water pipe towards Orville Creek; bearing 170
COMPARISONS: John's Paddock (218 ) , Berlin Flat (223), Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327), Brass Button Gully III (332), Jacksons Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 254
LOCAL NAME: Orville
LOCATION: 54HYE425355
DESCRIPTION: A line of moderately to medium sized mounds with shallow shafts extending eastwards along a flat ridge from the junction of the Mcintyre-Inglewood Road and the Dunolly-Orville Road. The area ···is relatively undisturbed except at the western end where there are some farm buildings.
COVER: open and grassed
HISTORY:
NEW RUSH, ORVILLE/POSSUM HILL [ 71]
03.1876 2.5 miles from Berlin and 14 miles from Inglewood; substantial stores erected, including a post office and a police station; between 2,000 and 4,000 miners on the ground; water very scarce 09.1876 no more than 20 claims making ordinary wages; population decreasing rapidly 12.1876 625 ounces from 500 tons of cement crushed at Mount Moliagul
PHOTOGRAPHS: 054 View along a shallow line of alluvial workings; bearing 085 (same position as 057 but different direction) 055 View along a slightly deeper line of alluvial workings; bearing 270 (same position as 056 but different direction)
COMPARISONS: Hard Hill and Nursery Flat (106) , Humbug Hills ( 244}
SlGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. ul u;)
AREA NO. 255
LOCAL NAME: Possum Hill Lead
LOCATION: 54HYE416357
DESCRIPTION: A line of moderately to medium sized mounds with some well formed, and moderately deep shafts extending eastward across the Dunolly-Orville Road where it .crosses as shallow gully.
COVER: open and grassed
HISTORY:
NEW RUSH, ORVILLE/POSSUM HILL [71}
03.1876 2.5 miles from Berlin and 14 miles from Inglewood; substantial stores erected, including a post office and a police station; between 2,000 and 4,000 miners on the ground; water very scarce 09.1876 no more than 20 claims making ordinary wages; population decreasing rapidly 12.1876 625 ounces from 500 tons of cement crushed at Mount Moliagul
OPOSSUM HILL
03.1878 200 miners 06 . 1878 120 miners 09.1878 140 miners 12.1878 130 miners 03.1879 130 miners 06 . 1879 100 miners 09.1879 100 mi ners 12.1879 90 miners 03.1880 70 miners 06.1880 65 miners 09.1880 60 miners 12 . 1880 50 miners 03.1881 45 miners 06.1881 45 miners 09.1881 40 miners 12.1881 35 miners 03.1882 30 miners 06.1882 30 miners 09 .1882 30 miners 12.1882 30 miners
09.1885 20 miners 12.1885 20 miners 03.1886 20 miners 06.1886 20 miners 09.1886 20 miners 12.1886 20 miners 03.1887 20 miners 06.1887 20 miners 09.1887 20 miners 12.1887 20 miners
03.1888 20 miners 06.1888 20 miners 09.1888 20 miners 12.1888 20 miners 03.1889 15 miners 06.1889 15 miners 09.1889 15 miners 12.1889 15 miners
OPOSSUM HILL AND ORVILLE
12.1876 2 , 010 miners 03 .1877 970 miners 06 .1877 950 miners 09.1877 450 miners 12 .1877 250 miners
PHOTOGRAPHS: 052 View across the opening of a shallow shaft and along the line of workings where they cross the Dunolly-Orville Road; bearing 270 053 Shallow alluvial workings to the north of the Dunolly-Orville Road and looking across to a second line of workings further east; bearing 095 r ,-.. 0 I . •I
No. 255, Possum Hill Lead ctd.
COMPARISONS: Hie lerunan' s Gully ( 183) • Evan's Lead ( 184) , New Year Diggings (141), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. Ull!
AREA NO. 279
LOCAL NAME: American Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE576460
DESCRIPTION: A we 11-de fined line of moderately shallow shafts and medium sized mounds extending north westwards across two tracks and gradually getting shallower. The area is undisturbed except for some exploratory work and the shaft sites are free of rubbish.
COVER: some mature trees and grass
HISTORY:
AMERICAN COMPANY, AMERICAN REEF, INGLEWOOD (71)
06.1866 recently formed under the Limited Liability Act
AMERICAN REEF, INGLEWOOD [71]
09.1866 5 ounces 10 dwt. 14 grains from 17 tons of stone 12.1866 38 ounces 9 dwt. from 120 tons of stone 06.1867 13 ounces 2 dwt. 12 grains from 50 tons of stone; after a lot of unremunerative work a payable crushing is expected shortly
03.1888 219 ounces 11 dwt. 11 grains from 975 tons of stone
AMERICAN AND BUCHANAN REEFS, INGLEWOOD (71]
12.1884 23 ounces from 50 tons of stone
PHOTOGRAPHS: 007 View across to the line of workings at the southern. end of American Reef; bearing 180 008 View down along the line of workings at the southern end of the reef; bearing 155 (same position as 009) 009 View do'Wll along the line of workings towards the northern end of the reef; bearing 330 {same position as 008) 010 View of the northern extension of the line of reef workings on the other side of the track; bearing 332
COMPARISONS: Sunday Morning Reef (162), Prince of Wales Reef (165), Matrix Reef (251), South Gordon mine (304), Honeymoon Reef (324), Welcome Reef (331), Homeward Bound Reef (339), All Nations Reef (340), Union Jack Reef (342)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * lJll2
No. 279, American Reef ctd.
RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing sta te. AREA NO. 280
LOCAL NAME: Buchanan Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE579461
DESCRIPTION: A reasonably well-defined line of reef workings with som.e medium sized mounds in the south; extending north westwards across one of the tracks and gradually get ting sh al lower. The area has been disturbed recently by exploratory drilling. There is an area of battery sand, and therefore a battery site, on the slope to the south.
COVER: some mature trees and grass
HISTORY:
BUCHANAN'S REEF. INGLEWOOD [71]
11.1860 yielding very good returns from a large body of stone 01.1861 yielding very steady returns varying from 2 to 10 ounces per ton 05.1861 good stone struck at 240 feet and well below the water level 06.1861 claim down 255 feet and registered to allow for the erection of pumps
09.1887 320 ounces from 520 tons of . stone taken at the 272 foot level, together with 47 ounces 14 dwt. from 10 tons of pyrites and blanketings
UNITED BUCHANANS AND AMERICAN COMPANY. AMERICAN REEF AND BUCHANAN REEF. INGLEWOOD (71)
12.1884 23 ounces dwt. grains from 50 tons of stone
09.1886 exhibiting greater activity 12.1886 cap of a second make of stone struck at 220 feet; driven on for 35 feet before dipping underfoot; reef 4 feet wide, highly mineralized, but looks payable; 40 tons of stone ready for crushing; to complete air shaft in 3 weeks and then break out stone for the battery 06.1887 cap of a new l ode found at 220 feet, 146 feet north of the cross cut; driven on for 32 feet before dipping under foot; reef highly mineralized; to erect a battery 09.1887 320 ounces dwt. grains from 520 tons of stone; 47 ounces 14 dwt. grains from 10 tons of pyrites and blanketings; very promising stone struck; erecting battery 12.1887 42 ounces 2 dwt. grains from 91 tons of stone; 8 ounces 9 dwt. grains from 1 ton 14 cwt. of stone; ZO head battery erected; very rich stone found at 272 feet 03.1888 219 ounces 11 dwt. 11 grains from 975 tons of stone; 26 ounces 7 dwt. grains from 8 tons 11 cwt. of pyrites and blanketings; unusually good prospects encountered at 170 feet from the crosscut; stone a few inches wide now 4 feet across and showing gold freely; water heavy; surface operations retarded by the bursting of a boiler No. 280, Buchanan Reef ctd.
06.1888 76 ounces 4 dwt. 15 grains from 500 tons of stone; 37 ounces l dwt. grains from 6 tons 17 cwt. of pyrites and blanketings 09.1888 general clean up and testing of the machinery; to sink main shaft 12.1888 work continuing 03.1889 work continuing 06.1889 105 ounces 17 dwt. grains from 170 tons of stone; 19 ounces 19 dwt. grains from 5 tons 7 cwt_: of pyrites and blanketings 09.1889 only 4 men employed 12.1889 148 ounces 9 dwt. grains from 36 tons 9 cwt. of pyrites (obtained from 2.421 tons of stone crushed); assays show that s·carcely a quarter of the pyrites was extracted, due to the primitive appliances used. Shaft down 185 feet on the American Reef; previously worked to 130 feet, where the reef was cut
PHOTOGRAPHS: 005 View across a shallow line of workings south of the track and extending up to the summit of a small hill; bearing 150 006 Bulldozed workings to the west of the main line of extant workings; hearing 335
COMPARISONS; Nine Mile (139), Fone's Reef (146), Prince of Wales Reef (165), Union Reef (196), Morning Star Reef (283 ) , Columbian Reef (308), March Reef (348)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 283
LOCAL N.AME: Morning Star Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE562476
DESCRIPTION: An area wit h large mounds of mullock , much disturbed, disposed around a moderately deep shaft, winding engine foundations and 10 head battery site. East of this group ther e is another 5 head battery site, producer gas plant and brick-lined cyanide vat for the Ingl ewood State battery.
COVER: open and grassed, with some mature trees
HISTORY:
11.1860 Ford and party extracted 7 ,000 pounds worth of gold with a puddling machine from conglomerate found on the Morning Star claim south west of Inglewood and on the Columbian line of r eef. A rich quartz reef was found at a depth of 12 feet and in the next four years 3, 231 ounces of gold wa s obtained from 1,268 tons of stone down to 130 feet. · By the end of 1866 7,516 ounc~ s had been obtained from 5,472 tons of stone , but little else was found up to 1898. Between March 18 73 and March 1880 the gr ound appears to have been completely idle. The mine was re-organize d at this time and although the shaft was eventually deepened to 375 feet only a few rich patches were encountered and deve lopment was spasmodic until 1890. There was a brief revival between 1904 and 1907 when 1, 34 7 ounces of gold were obtained from 3,833 tons of stone before the mine was finally closed down. The site was subsequently used for a suction gas engine driven 5 head Government stamp battery between 1915 and at least 1941 [5,6,8,9,10,71,73]
MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD
04.1861 workings down 50 feet on a reef 6 feet wide 06.1861 302 ounces dwt. gra ins from 135 t ons of stone taken from No . 3 North claim 10.1861 250 ounces dwt. grains from 14 tons of stone taken from No. l Nor th claim; 359 ounces dwt. grains from 39 tons of stone taken out by the prospectors 11.1861 48 tons of stone at 8 ounces 10 dwt. 20 grains from No. 1 North claim 12.1861 260 ounces dwt. grains from 45 t ons of stone taken out by the prospectors 07.1863 unable to work mine below water line due to the inadequacy of the bali ng machinery; to erect pumping machinery
09.1865 64 ounces 9 dwt. grains from 168 tons of stone; claims nearly all down to the water line: powerful machinery required 12.1865 113 ounces 12 dwt. 9 grains from 241 tons of stone 03.1866 90 ounces 14 dwt. 12 grains from 163 tons of stone 06.1866 375 ounces 5 dwt. grains from 326 tons of s tone No. 283, Morning Star Reef ctd.
09.1866 195 ounces 8 dwt. 11 grains from 423 tons of stone 12.1866 86 ounces 3 dwt. 5 grains from 166 tons of stone 03.1867 96 ounces 11 dwt. 12 grains from 221 tons of stone 06.1867 55 ounces 9 dwt. 18 grains from 199 tons of stone; line of reef inactive due to water problems; to form a company for effective drainage 12.1867 8 ounces 11 dwt. grains from 20 tons of stone 03 .1868 18 ounces 13 dwt. 12 grains from 44 tons of stone 06.1868 52 ounces 15 dwt. 12 grains from 96 tons of stone 09.1868 356 ounces 15 dwt. grains from 162 tons of stone 12.1868 42 ounces 10 dwt. 18 grains from 144 tons of stone 03.1869 11 ounces 8 dwt. grains from 54 tons of stone 06.1869 14 ounces 3 dwt. grains from 106 tons of stone 09.1869 6 ounces 17 dwt. grains from 27 tons of stone; several claims have recently amalgamated; erecting pumping and winding machinery
12.1870 158 ounces 3 dwt. grains from 293 tons of stone 03 .1871 17 ounces 12 dwt. 2 grains from 41 tons of stone 06.1871 9 ounces 15 dwt. grains from 36 tons of stone
06 .1872 34 ounces 6 dwt. grains from 84 tons of stone
12.1884 3 ounc es dwt. grains from 8 tons of stone 03.1885 2 ounc es 1 dwt. grains from 15 tons of stone
06.1886 3 ounces 18 dwt . grains from 6 tons of stone
09.1887 146 ounces 7 dwt. gr:ains from 477 tons of stone 03.1888 277 ounces 6 dwt. grains from 765 tons of stone
MORNING STAR COMPANY, MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEYOOD [ 7J,.)
06.1866 excellent returns
12.1869 amalgamation of several claims; tender accepted for erection of steam pumping and winding plant 06.1870 sinking engine shaft 09.1870 27 ounces 13 dwt. from 52 tons of stone 12.1870 158 ounces 3 dwt. from 293 tons of stone 06 .1871 ounce 15 dwt. from 6 tons of stone payable stone struck at 260 feet; yet to crush 09.1871 18 ounces 4 dwt. from 108 tons of stone company now defunct; machinery and leases purchased by the owners of ground on the Poverty Reef
12.1871 9 ounces 10 dwt. from 38 tons of stone No. 283, Morning Star Reef ctd.
MORNING STAR COMPANY (S. S.AMUEL AND COMPANY) . MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD (71)
03.1880 re-organizing company ; watched with great interest 06 .1880 11 ounces 4 dwt. from 50 tons of stone 09.1880 preparing machinery for working at the 230 foot level 12.1880 at a standstill pending erection of machinery 03.1881 erecting machinery 06.1881 machinery working and mine nearly drained; expect to be able to work a run of 2 ounce stone abandoned previously because the water became too heavy 09.1881 better than one ounce stone found in ground to the north of the engine shaft; to proceed with erecting further machinery 12.1881 use f ul work being done
03.1883 work resumed and a new block of payable stone located 06.1883 7 ounces dwt. from 5 tons of stone
03.1885 2 ounces 1 dwt. from 15 tons of stone
03.1886 23 ounces 5 dwt. from 84 tons of stone obtained by tributers 06.1886 3 ounces 18 dwt. from 6 ton s of stone obtained by tributers at the 240 foot level 09.1886 excellent stone found at the 232 foot l evel ; driving 20 feet below for the same formation 12.1886 150 ounces 11 dwt . from 207 tons of stone; company expected to let another tribute party work at the lowest l evel 03.1887 858 ounces 3 dwt. from 374 tons of stone 06.1887 342 ounces 2 dwt. from 335 tons of stone; putting up a rise to connect the 265 and 232 foot levels; crosscut at the lower level in 86 feet; very payable stone found; new 30 horsepower pumping engine erected; 5,000 pounds worth of gold taken out of the mine since November last; to sink shaft deeper; rich block of stone found 35 feet above present working level 09.1887 146 ounces 7 dwt. from 477 tons of stone 12.1887 293 ounces 13 dwt. from 319 tons of stone; good stone struck at the 265 and 320 foot levels; work retarded by negotiations about amalgamation with the parent company 03.1888 277 ounces 6 dwt . from 765 tons of stone; actively driving north at the 300 foot level on 18 inches of stone with the west wall carrying gold; to crosscut west soon to prove the ground from which they had obtained their best crushings; stoping patchy stone 1 to 4 feet wide from the intermediate level; 37 ounces 4 dwt. obtained from 89 l oads taken from all parts of the mine 06.1888 149 ounces 10 dwt. from 51 9 tons of stone; continuing to get gold 12.1888 work continuing 03 . 1889 72 ounces 10 dwt. from 130 tons of stone taken from the 320 foot level; persisting 06.1889 136 ounces 10 dwt. from 300 tons of stone taken from the 360 foot level 09.1889 363 ounces 15 dwt. from 3 75 tons of stone taken from the 375 foot level
Infrastructure Library ull .~
No. 283, Morning Star Reef ctd.
MORNING STAR OPTIONS COMPANY, MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD
1904 97 ounces 15 dwt. from 268 tons of stone 1905 138 ounces 9 dwt. from 1,399 tons of stone; 218 ounces 2 dwt. obtained from 1.667 tons of stone to date; vigorous prospecting without much success 1906 1,065 ounces 9 dwt. from 1,700 tons of stone; 1,283 ounces 11 dwt. obtained from 3,367 tons of stone to date; prospecting with some success; tributers on a fine run of stone 1907 63 ounces 7 dwt. from 466 tons of stone; 1,347 ounces obtained from 3,833 tons of stone to date
BARAGWANATH, MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD [71]
03.1867 pumping engine stopped as costs not supported by surrounding claims
FORD'S CLAIM, HORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD [71]
03.1867 four men raising average stone
W. NEEDS AND COMPANY, MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD (71]
03.1867 3 men raising average stone
12.1867 8 ounces 11 dwt from 20 tons of stone
NO. 3 CLAIM, MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD (71]
03.1868 14 ounces 13 dwt. from 33 tons of stone
NO. 3 NORTH CLAIM, MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD [ 71]
06.1868 8 ounces 17 dwt. from 28 tons of stone
NO. 4 CLAIM, MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD [71)
06.1868 1 ounce 0 dwt. 12 grains from 9 tons of stone
NO. 5 CLAIM, MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD (71]
06.1868 23 ounces S dwt. from 21 tons of stone No. 283, Morning Star Reef ctd.
BARAGWANATB AND PARTY. MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD [ 71]
12.1871 57 ounces 16 dwt. from 264 tons of stone; hopeful of quick returns
06.1872 34 ounces 6 dwt. from 84 tons of stone
GOSS AND COMPANY, MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD [ 71 J
06.1871 9 ounces from 30 tons of stone 12.1871 3 ounces 15 dwt. from 20 tons of stone
NEW DOMINION COMPANY, MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD [ 71]
12. 1871 company successfully floated
MADAME BERRY COMPANY, MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD [ 71)
12 .1881 useful work being" done 06.1882 shaft do~m 220 feet; bed logs and foundations for new machinery now in position 03.1883 adjoins Morning Star Company; shaft down 220 feet; to sink to 300 feet before striking the reef
J. D. BARAGWANA.TH, MORNING STAR REEF, INGLEWOOD [ 71]
12.1884 3 ounces from 8 tons of stone
GOVERNMENT BATTERY, INGLEWOOD [73]
1915 erecting a Government battery to assist prospecting 1917 97 ounces from 174 tons of stone; Palmer Brothers 11 ounces from 4 tons of stone; Riemers 21 ounces from 47 tons of stone; Butcher 6 ounces 1 0 dwt. from 21 tons of stone; Martin 1918 7 ounces from 5 tons of stone; Pharoah 4 ounces from 19 tons of stone; Butcher 1919 10 ounces from 23 tons of stone; various parties 1920 1 ounce from 13 tons of stone; Pharoah s ounces from 6 tons of stone; w. J. Quick 1921 2 ounces from 10 tons of stone; Wilson and Olson
1924 5 ounces from 8 tons of stone; various parties 1930 80 ounces from 47 tons of stone; Staley and Wilson 11 ounces from 7 tons of stone; various parti es 1931 52 ounces from 90 tons of stone; Staley and Wilson 5 ounces from 22 tons of stone; Jones and party 8 ounces from 7l tons of stone; various parties fJ12 D
No. 283, Morning Star Reef ctd.
1932 10 ounces from 83 tons of stone; W. Long and party 91 ounces from 134 tons of stone; Staley and Wilson 20 ounces from 94 tons of stone; Staley and Staley 51 ounces from 218 tons of stone; various parties r 1933 12 ounces 7 dwt. from 35 tons of stone; Staley and Wilson 18 ounces 5 dwt. from 145 tons of stone; J. T. Hayes and party 20 ounces 4 dwt. from 197 tons of stone; various parties 1934 6 ounces from SO tons of stone; T. Lawry 61 ounces from 82 tons of stone; Matthews and Sons 4 ounces from 28 tons of stone; P. Seaman 197 ounces from 329 tons of stone; Staley Brothers; fair success working shallow ground 22 ounces from 30 tons of stone; J. Wilson 10 ounces from 65 tons of stone; various parties 1935 7 ounces from 61 tons of stone; T. Cherchi and party 4 ounces from 32 tons of stone; T. Lawry and party 15 ounces from 25 tons of stone; Rodwell and Ahearn 19 ounces from 33 tons of stone; J. Smith and party 28 ounces from 85 tons of stone; Staley Brothers 19 ounces from 50 tons of stone; J. Wilson and party 15 ounces from 15 tons of stone; T. W. Wilson and party 24 ounces from 144 tons of stone; various parties 1936 2 ounces from 28 tons of stone; G. Baxter 10 ounces from 108 tons of stone; T. Cherchi and party 2 ounces from 26 tons of stone; A. Martin 10 ounces from 31 tons of stone; Pollard and Martin 170 ounces from 281 tons of stone; Staley Brothers 262 ounces from 165 tons of stone; South Gordon Company 24 ounces from 115 tons of stone; various parties 19 3 7 2 ounces from 29 tons of stone; Inglewood Gold Mines 4 ounces from 50 tons of stone; Long and Keel 4 ounces from 7 tons of stone; J. Smith 719 ounces from 996 tons of stone; South Gordon Gold Mining Co. 681 ounces from 101 tons of stone; South Gordon Option 95 ounces from 78 tons of stone; Staley Brothers 3 ounces from 37 tons of stone; c. J. Marsh (Welcome mine) 6 ounces from 20 tons of stone; J. Wilson 53 ounces from 144 tons of stone; various parties 1938 3 ounces from 21 tons of stone; L. Smith and party 3 ounces from 25 tons of stone; J. T. Smith 354 ounces from 891 tons of stone; South Gordon Gold Mining Co. 6 ounces from 41 tons of stone; South Colombian Syndicate 84 ounces from 55 tons of stone; Staley Brothers 6 ounces from 20 tons of stone; J. Wilson 23 ounces from 85 tons of stone; various parties 1939 19 ounces from 41 tons of stone; various parties 5 head battery operated by a suction gas engine 1940 8 ounces from 126 tons of stone; W. J. Staley 4 ounces from S tons of stone; various parties Ul2'.l_
No . 283, Morning Star Reef ctd.
1941 8 ounces from 13 tons of stone; T. Ridgwell and party 8 ounces 12 dwt. from 12 tons of stone; Stacey and Austin
PHOTOGRAPHS: 011 View across the boiler setting to the brick foundations for the winding engine and drum; bearing 268 012 General view of the site across the brick foundations for the winding engine to the site of the stamp battery (on the left) and the site of the shaft (on the right and under the peppaurina tree); bearing 325 013 View of the stamp battery foundations (on the left), the site of the shaft (under the peppaurina tree) and the brick foundations for the winding engine and drum (on the right); bearing 042 014 View across the stamp battery foundations to the brick foundations for the winding engine and drum; bearing 085 015 Shaft end elevation of the brick foundations for the winding drum; bearing 180 016 End-on view of the gas producer plant lying on the ground next to the concrete base where it was situated; beari ng 010 017 View across gas producer plant to the concrete foundations of the suction gas engine and the stamp battery; bearing 110 018 General view of the whole site with the brick-lined cyanide vat in the foreground; bearing 210 019 Discharge side elevation of the concrete foundations for the stamp battery; bearing 145 020 View of the remains of the boiler setting from the top of the brick foundations of the winding drum
COMPARISONS: Nine Mile (139), Fone•s Ree f (146), Prince of Wales Reef (165), Union Reef (196), Buchanan Reef ( 280), Columbian Reef (308), March Reef (348)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve .in existing state after cleaning up rubbish dumped around site. Provide interpretation of the features of the site and its mining history. Ul2~
AREA NO. 299
LOCAL NAME: Commissioner's Lead
LOCATION; S4HYE584503
DESCRIPTION; An extensive area of well-defined shallow workings and low mounds beginning just south of the Inglewood-Salisbury Road in Coimnissioner's Gully.
COVER: grassed with some trees
HISTORY;
BIRD AND PARTY, COMMISSIONER'S FLAT, INGLEWOOD
03.1873 14 or 15 tons of cement crushed at the Unity battery returned over 6 dwt. per ton
COMMISSIONER'S FLAT, INGLEWOOD
06.1861 300 miners at work near Chamley Flat on sinkings between 5 and 12 feet; early yields not likely to be sustained
09.1865 65 miners; small rush during the quarter; 50 men at wo rk on hard sinkings to 50 or 60 feet; 15 ounces 1 dwt. 8 grains from 46 tons of cement 12.1865 20 miners; 136 ounces 14 dwt. 21 grains from 370 tons of cement 03.1866 20 miners 06.1866 20 miners; 92 ounces from 268 tons of cement 09.1866 10 miners; 26 ounces 17 dwt. 23 grains from 129 tons of cement 12.1866 10 miners; 18 dwt. 12 grains from 9 tons of cement 03.1867 S miners; 5 ounces 3 dwt. 12 grains ~ram 18 tons of cement 06.1867 13 ounces 12 dwt. from 20 tons of cement 03.1868 6 ounces 14 dwt. 22 grains from 22 tons of cement 06.1869 10 miners
03.1873 14 or 15 tons of cement yielded over 6 dwt . per ton for Bird and party
PHOTOGRAPHS: 149 Shallow alluvial workings at the lower end of the gully; bearing 145 150 Shallow alluvial workings at the upper end of the gully; bearing 175
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115), Fenton's Diggings ( 140) , Synnott' s Diggings ( 144), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat ( 223), Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235), No. 1 Gully (252) , Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gu lly and White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty's Gully (318), Bras Button Gully I (327}, Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully {337) u1 2.;
No. 299, Conunissioner's Lead ctd.
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 300
LOCAL NAME: Old Inglewood Lead
LOCATION: . 54HYE520527
DESCRIPTION: A long line of moderately shallow holes and medium sized mounds to the north of the Calder Highway and clearly visible from it. At the western end the workings terminate at the Kurting-Boort Road in a site for five puddling machines (on the eastern side of the road) and a deep shaft partially filled with rubbish (on the western side of the road). In at l east two places the line of workings appears to have been cut by ploughing.
COVER: mostly open and grassed, with some mature trees
HISTORY:
OLD INGLEWOOD LEAD (OR HOPE FRONTAGE LEAD, OR DEEP LEAD), INGLEWOOD [71]
04.1860 deep sinkings progressing steadily 05 . 1860 deep sinkings in easier ground and payable; shallow ground now largely abandoned
01.1861 old lead lost about 6 weeks ago; new lead found in dry ground with gold in a layer of cement on sandstone; sinkings 100 to 125 feet ; 4 ounces 10 dwt . from 3 loads of dirt 02.1861 shareholders applying to work lead on the frontage system 03.1861 about 400 miners at work on dry ground; sinkings to 120 feet; crushed cement yields 2 ounces per ton 04.1861 over 2,000 miners at work; dry sinkings to over 130 feet; several claims bottomed recently and getting 4 to 6 ounces per load; gold contained in the cement and requires crushing; l ead opening out and now several claims wide; business sites marked out and occupied; claim bottomed in middle ground which proves the continuity between the new and the old lead systems (i.e. between the Old Lead and Daly's Lead) 05.1861 1 ounce 13 dwt. grains from 1 ton of cement from the Deep Lead; 60 to 70 holes bottomed and returning 1 ounce 10 dwt. to 2 ounces per load; one claim has struck water at 142 feet; 1,200 miners shepherding on this rush; now known as the Deep Lead; lead getting wider but no richer or deeper 06.1861 Deep Lead on the wane; washdirt now does not exceed 6 to 8 inches and returning no more than one ounce per load; miners leaving 07 . 1861 3 ounces 5 dwt. grains from 5 tons of cement ; water struck; application to place the lead under the frontage system 08.1861 several claims have bottomed at 1 40 to 150 feet and are getting an ounce to the load from washdirt 5 inches thick; prospects brighter but sinkings getting very wet 09.1861 Hope Le ad laid out under the frontage system and expected to pay 11.1861 Hope Frontage Lead slewed: new shafts sunk to pick up new course; paying good wages 03.1862 greatly improved yield from Hope Frontage Lead 10.1862 improved sinkings with the prospect of a large flat to the west of Old Ingl ewood proving to be payable No. 300, Old Inglewood Lead ctd.
01.1863 cement now yielding 2 ounces per load 06.1863 exceedingly active along the Hope Frontage Lead; getting 3 ounces 10 dwt. to 4 ounces per ton, although the layer i s thin and expenses heavy in raising stone 150 feet 06.1863 three deep shafts on the Hope Lead 03.1864 total population 150 06 .1864 total population 100 09.1864 20 miners 12.1864 20 miners; entirely abandoned as unpayable with the present mode of wo rking 03 .1865 20 miners; only making wages 06.1865 50 miners 09.1865 50 miners ; ounces 12 dwt. grains from 4 tons of cement 12.1865 40 miners; 32 ounces 13 dwt. 12 grains from 28 tons of cement 03.1866 30 miners; 31 ounces 15 dwt . grains from 66 tons of cement 06.1866 30 miners 09 .1866 45 miners; 10 ounces 7 dwt. 18 grains from 19 tons of cement 12.1866 45 miners 03.1867 30 miners; 42 ounces 3 dwt . 12 gra ins from 182 tons of cement 06.1867 76 ounces 17 dwt. grains from 215 tons of cement
06.1869 10 miners
03.1870 20 miners 06.1870 13 miners; 17 ounces dwt . 6 grains from 58 tons of cement 12.1870 10 miners; 27 ounces 18 dwt. 6 grains from 72 tons of cement 03.1871 25 miners 06.1871 10 miners 09.1871 25 miners 12.1871 25 miners 03.1872 25 miners 06.1872 25 miners 09.1872 25 miners 12.1872 25 miners 03.1873 2 0 miners 06 .1873 26 miners 09.1873 25 miners 12.1873 25 miners 03.1874 30 miners
09.1880 renewed activity
12. 1881 71 ounce nugget found by Brooker and Hase at 18 feet 03.1882 23 ounces 10 dwt . from 47 tons of cement 06.1882 11 ounces 12 dwt. from 90 tons of cement
03 .1885 12 ounce 17 dwt. 6 grain and 8 ounce 8 dwt. 15 grain nugge ts found 09.1885 Tiffin augur discovered good washdirt 4 feet thick at 149 feet
12.1886 satisfactory progress in mining ground 06.1887 10 miners 09.1887 16 miners 12.1887 20 miners; 18 ounces 2 dwt. grains from 18 tons of washdirt 03.1888 16 miners 06.1888 20 miners; 24 ounces 1 dwt . 21 grains from 100 tons of washdirt; 16 ounces 10 dwt. grains from 36 tons of cement 09. 1 888 20 miners 3 ounces dwt. grains from 60 tons of washdirt: 36 ounces dwt. grains from 174 tons of cement 12.1888 40 mine.rs 03.1889 40 miners; 100 ounces 14 dwt . 9 grains from 405 tons of cement 06.1889 40 miners No. 300, Old Inglewood Lead ctd.
09.1689 40 miners 12.1889 40 miners
BIRD AND COMPANY, QLD INGLEWOOD LEAD, INGLEWOOD (71]
12.1870 3 ounces 2 dwt. 6 grains 15 tons of stone
UNWI.N AND COMPANY, OLD INGLEWOOD LEAD, INGLEWOOD [71]
12.1870 7 ounces 16 dwt. from 29 tons of stone
WAYMAN AND COMPANY, OLD INGLEWOOD LEAD, INGLEWOOD [71]
12.1870 17 ounces from 28 tons of stone
BROOKER AND HASE, OLD INGLEWOOD LEAD, INGLEWOOD [71)
12.1881 71 ounce nugget found in 17 feet of sinking
RICHARDSON AND SONS, OLD INGLEWOOD LEAD, INGLEWOOD
03.1882 20 ounces 10 dwt. 7 grains from 47 tons of cement 06.1882 11 ounces 12 dwt. grains from 40 tons of cement
OLD INGLEWOOD DEEP LEAD COMPANY, OLD INGLEWOOD LEAD, INGLEWOOD [71]
06.1887 shaft completed and slabbed to 200 feet 09.1887 water damage to shaft repaired and work resumed 12.1887 18 ounces 2 dwt. grains from 18 tons of washdirt; shaft about 150 yards from the Kurting railway station; 2 dwt. obtained from a small bucket of wash 20 inches deep and extending over 80 feet; on 1 December got 12 ounces 5 dwt. of coarse gold from 11 sets of ground; exceptionally good prospects obtained from a drive 80 feet east across the lead at the 200 foot level; on 16 December 4 ounces 2 dwt. obtained from 6 sets; operations retarded by the slum becoming too strong 03.1888 water troublesome; main reef drive, north of the main shaft, in about 350 feet; east drive is in 145 feet; a bore put up 102 feet east of the main drive intersected hard cement at ZZ feet; ground draining fast 06.1888 24 ounces 1 dwt. 21 grains from 100 tons of washdirt; 16 ounces 10 dwt. grains from 36 tons of cement; lead proved to be over 300 feet wide and containing a large body of gold bearing cement No. 300, Old Inglewood Lead ctd.
09.1888 3 ounces dwt. grains from 60 tons of washdirt; 36 ounces dwt. grains from 174 tons of cement; erecting own stamp battery; cement previously carted to the New Jersey battery 12.1888 work continuing 03.1889 100 ounces 14 dwt. 9 grains from 405 tons of cement; persisting
ANCIENT BRITAIN COMPANY (OR ANCIENT BRITON COMPANY). OLD I NGLEWOOD LEAD, INGLEWOOD
12. 1887 south of the Old Inglewood Deep Lead Company; to sink a shaft 09.1888 splendid wash encountered in 20 feet of driving from the main shaft 12.1888 work continuing
OLD I NGLEWOOD CONSOLS COMPANY, OLD INGLEWOOD LEAD, INGLEWOOD
12.1887 west of Old Inglewood Deep Lead Company 03.1888 proposed to amalgamate with the Old Inglewood Extended Company and bore for the l ead beyond the Old Inglewood Deep Lead Company's ground
TAIG. VALKER AND SYMONDS, OLD INGLEWOOD LEAD, INGLEWOOD
12.1887 ground held at the head of the lead and regarded as the richest; a considerable number of large nuggets found in the vicini ty, including a 72 ounce 10 dwt. one found last November a few inches below the surface
PHOTOGRAPHS : 031 A view along a line of five puddling machine sites just to the east of the Kurting-Boort Road; bearing 060 032 General view of alluvial workings along the line of the lead from a position near the Kurting-Boort Road; bearing 065 033 General view of alluvial workings to the west of the Kurting - Powlett Road; bearing 300 034 General view of alluvial workings to the east of the Kurting - Powlett Road; bearing 125 035 General view of the line of alluvial workings along the Old Inglewood Lead from near the bridge on the Calder Highway which crosses a tributary of Hope Creek ; bearing 340 036 Several larger mounds of dirt from deeper alluvial workings at the bottom end of Groper 's Gully
COMPARISONS: (deep lead mining) Daly Lead (286) (puddling machines) Old Inglewood Lead (300}, Wellington Gully (301), Brass Button Gully I (327 ), Brass Button Gul ly III (332), Jacksons Gully (337) No. 300, Old Inglewood Lead ctd.
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local *
RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state . Ul2 ,I
AREA NO. 301
LOCAL NAME: Wellington Gully
LOCATION: 54HYE546514
DESCRIPTION: An extensive area of alluvial workings consisting of relatively undisturbed shallow holes and low mounds in the middle of a flat gully. extending eastwards up towards the head where it crosses the line of the Rock of Cashel Reef. At this point there are two dams and, on the northern margin of the gully, a puddling machine .
COVER: grass and gorse bushes at the lower end of the gully and thick acacia scrub at the head
HISTORY :
1859 miners at work in Thompson's Gully near Rose Hill in the north, and from there southwards through Wellington, Groper's, Queen's, Bulldog and Psalm Singer's gullies, with some claims getting 10 to 20 ounces per load (5,6,8,9,10)
PHOTOGRAPHS: 210 Shallow alluvial workings along the middle section of Wellington Gully; bearing 260 211 Puddling ma chine site on the northern margin of Wellington Gully; bearing 225
COMPARISONS: (tub and cradle workings) Old Lead (9) , William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully ( 41) , area south of Chinamen's Hill ( 82) , area east of main road (115}, Fenton's Diggings (140}, Synnott's Diggings ( 144), alluvial workings at Burke• s Flat { 14 7) , New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at We hla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209 ) , Berlin Flat (223), Tyler' s Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235), No. 1 Gully (252), Commi ssioner's Lead (299), Groper's Gully and White Lead ( 302). Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty's Gul l y (318), Brass Button Gully I (327) , Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully ( 337) (puddling machines) Old Inglewood Lead (300), Pretty' s Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I ( 327) , Brass Button Gully III (332), Jacksons Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in its existing state. AREA NO. 302
LOCAL NAME: Groper's Gully and White Lead
LOCATION: 54HYE540513
DESCRIPTION: An extensive collection of moderately shallow holes and moderately sized dumps along a gully leading into Groper's Gully; relat~vely undisturbed and free of rubbish.
COVER: mature trees and grass
HISTORY:
1859 miners at work in Thompson•s Gully near Rose Hill in the north, and from there southwards through Wellington, Groper's, Queen ' s, Bulldog and Psalm Singer's gullies, with some claims getting 10 to 20 ounces per load (5,6,8,9,10] PHOTOGRAPHS: 134 Shallow alluvial workings amongst trees in the middle section of Groper's Gully and west of the road; bearing 130
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115), 140 Fenton's Diggings (140), Synnott's Diggings (144). alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147). New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163. 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229). Christmas Flat (235), No. 1 Gully (252), Conunissioner' s Lead (29~h Wellington Gully (301.), Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327) , Brass Button Gully III ( 332). Jackson Gully (337 )
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local
RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. UlJ 1
AREA NO. 304
LOCAL NAME: South Gordon mine
LOCATION: 54HYES52505
DESCRIPTION: A collection of deep shafts, some partially filled open stopes. large mounds, battery sands, and several small dams; some recent disturbance with bulldozers.
COVER: eucalypt scrub
HISTORY:
SOUTH GORDON GOLD MINING COMPANY, INGLEWOOD (73 J
1936 option taken up on a mine operated by the Staley Brothers; new shaft sunk 160 feet to give 940 ounces from 240 tons of stone and tailings returning 6 dwt. per ton; stone taken from a level 90 feet long by 7 feet high and without stoping; 262 ounces from 165 tons of stone crushed at the Government battery (263/165 also recorded, which may be a duplicate entry) 1 937 1,465 ounces from 1,028 tons of stone; 1,726 ounces from 1,193 tons of stone to date; 719 ounces from 996 tons of stone crushed at the Government battery 1938 365 ounces from 1,012 tons of stone; 2,081 ounces from 2,205 tons of stone to date; 354 ounces from 891 tons of stone crushed at the Government battery 1939 report on the mine in the Mining and Geological Journal
PHOTOGRAPHS: 198 Open stopes on a line of reef; bearing 000 199 Building site south east of the ope n stopes; bearing 060 200 Open stoping along a line of reef; bearing 165 201 Dry stone walling retaining a dwnp of mullock; bearing 110 202 Open shaft; bearing 350 203 Open shaft, showing the line of the reef about 12 inches wide; bearing 130
COMPARISONS: Sunday Morning Reef (162) , Prince of Wales Reef (165) , Matrix Ref (251), American Reef (279), Honeymoon Reef (324) , Welcome Reef (331), Homeward_ Bound Reef (339), All Nations Ref (340) , Union Jack Reef (34·2.r
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 305
LOCAL NAME: Bull Dog Gully
LOCATION: 54HYE545502
DESCRIPTION: A collection of shallow hol es and low mounds, undisturbed except for a recent sluicing operati on on the eastern side
COVER : medium sized acacias in a thick scrub
HISTORY:
1859 miners at work in Thompson's Gully near Rose Hill in the north, and from there southwards through Wellington. Groper's, Queen's, Bulldog and Psalm Singer's gullies, with some claims getting 10 to 20 ounces per load ( 5,6,8,9,10)
PHOTOGRAPHS: 030 Shallow alluvial workings amongst acacia scrub; bearing 015
COMPARISONS: Old Lead (9) , William Rush ( 10) , Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen 's Hill (82), area east of main road (115) , Fenton's Diggings (140), Synnott's Diggings (144), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147)., New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gull (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat {235), Conunissioner's Lead (299) , Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302) , Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327), Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 308
LOCAL NAME: Columbian Reef
LOCATION: 54HYES56507
DESCRIPTION: On a reasonably well cleared flat and grassed area there are several well defined shaft sites with some mullock. A series of open cut workings and shafts extending north west and down t he slope into Groper's Gully. To the west of these workings there is an extensive area of battery sands formed up in low to moderately sized mounds.
COVER: grassed area with some peppaurina trees in the vicinity of the shafts, with medium sized eucalypts and low scrub further north
HISTORY:
30.11.1859 first claim marked out on the Columbian Reef at Inglewood by Heron, Wright, Wheeler and St. John; the first crushing of 22 tons from the prospectors• claim yielde d 2,316 ounces of gold, the second of 80 tons 4,017 ounces, and up to 1866 26, 12.7 ounces had been obtained from 4, 435 tons of stone. For almost 35 years, despite several attempts to rework the mine, it remained unproductive. Eventually, in 1900 the Great Columbian Company began operations and for a number of years achieved considerable success . The shaft was eventually sunk to 722 feet, 12, 868 ounces of gold were obtained from 36,664 tons o f stone and over 10,000 pounds were paid in dividends. The mine closed in 1911 when prospects became poor. Between 1898 and 1900 almost 14,000 tons of tailings were cyanided for a return of about 730 ounces of gold (5,10,25,61,71,73 ]
COLUMBIAN REEF, INGLEWOOD [71]
11.1860 2300 ounces from 22 tons of stone taken from the prospectors' claim; reef traced through Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4 North, where the average yields are expected to be 10 ounces per ton; preparing sections 12.1860 yiel d exceeds all others; richest reef on Inglewood; sinking below present workings which are at a depth of 45 to 50 feet 01.1861 yielding very steady returns varying from 2 to 10 ounces per ton 04.1861 workings down 80 feet on a reef 7 to 8 feet wide 05.1861 another lode struck to the east of the last one in No. 1 North claim; average crushings generally highl y satisfactory 06.1861 50 tons of stone returned 5 ounces 12 dwt. per ton from No. 4 North claim 08.1861 gold struck at 220 feet in No. 5 North claim after working for 12 months without result 10.1861 572 ounces from 172 tons of stone taken from No. 2 North claim 11.1861 170 tons of stone returned 3 ounces 7 dwt. 8 grains from No. 2 North claim; new reef struck in the prospecting claim east of the rich reef struck 12 months ago ; 2 to 3 feet thick 12.1861 114 ounces from 68 tons of stone taken from No. 2 North claim No. 308, Columbian Reef ctd.
09.1865 Columbian Company idl e due to a defect in the machinery 12.1865 whole line of r eef i dle up to the Rock of Cashel Reef, which is thought to be a continuation 06.1866 40 ounces 17 dwt. 6 grains from 110 tons of stone 09.1866 13 dwt. from 13 tons of stone
03.1869 18 ounces 4 dwt. from 65 tons of stone 06 . 1869 34 ounces 2 dwt. 12 grains from 132 tons of stone
09.1881 reef to get another trial
12.1886 1 ounc e from 10 tons of stone 09.1887 9 ounces 13 dwt. from 41 tons of s tone
COLUMBIAN COMPANY, COLUMBIAN REEF, INGLEWOOD [71 ]
09.1865 idle due to a defect in the machinery 12.1865 expected to resume work shortly after appointing new directors 06.1866 excellent returns
GREAT COLUMBIAN COMPANY, COLUMBIAN REEF, I NGLEWOOD [71]
12.1866 mine changed hands r ecently
NEW COLUMBIAN COMPANY (OR COLUMBIAN COMPANY), COLUMBIAN REEF, INGLEWOOD [71]
09 .1871 to purchase machinery and to prospect for the old rich run of gold 12.1871 at work 06.1872 repairing engine shaft; installing pumps and driving at 250 and 300 foot levels; several leaders cut 09.1872 idle for want of funds ; expecting to resume soon
COLUMBIAN COMPANY, COLUMBIAN REEF, INGLEWOOD [71]
06.1882 cleaning and repairing the shaft and drive
SAINT CLAIR COMPANY (OR OLD COLOMBIAN COMPANY), COLUMBIAN REEF, INGLEWOOD (71]
12.1886 once again in working order 06.1887 machinery in full working order; hopeful of striking a rich line of reef 09.1887 9 ounces 13 dwt . from 41 tons of stone; rich stone struck; shares sought 12 .1887 98 ounces dwt. from 290 tons of stone; drive at 300 foot level in for well over 300 feet on a well defined reef showing coarse gol d ; extending drive at 240 foot l evel and preparing to sink the main shaft 60 feet deeper; 63 ounces 10 dwt. obtained from 129 loads I
No. 308, Columbian Reef ctd.
03.1888 sinking shaft deeper 06.1888 reticent to divulge information; expected to be on the eve of a big discovery 12.1888 work continuing
09.1889 work suspended
COLUMBIAN COMPANY. COLUMBIAN REEF, INGLEWOOD [71]
12.1890 263 ounces 4 dwt. S grains from 74 tons of stone
ROYAL COLUMBIAN COMPANY, ?COLUMBIAN REEF, INGLEWOOD [71]
03.1900 84 ounces 12 dwt. from 2,240 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 516 ounces dwt. from 11,200 tons of tailings to date; 437 pounds 10 shillings paid in dividends to date 04.1900 49 ounces 18 dwt. from 480 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 565 ounces 18 dwt. from 11, 680 tons of tailings to date 05.1900 14 ounces 18 dwt. from tons of· tailings by cyaniding; 580 ounces 16 dwt. from 11,680 tons of tailings to date 07.1900 50 ounces 8 dwt. from tons of tailings by cyaniding; 631 ounces 5 dwt. from 11, 680 tons of tailings to date 08.1900 15 ounces 8 dwt. from 1,810 tons of tailings by cyaniding;
646 ounces 13 dwt. from 13 t 490 tons of tailings to date 09.1900 20 ounces dwt. from 350 tons of tailings by cyaniding; 666 ounces 12 dwt. from 13,840 tons of tailings to date 10.1900 27 ounces 3 dwt. from tons of tailings by cyaniding; 693 ounces 16 dwt. from 13,840 tons of tailings to date 11.1900 37 ounces 11 dwt. from tons of tailings by cyaniding; 731 ounces 7 dwt. from 13,840 tons of tailings to date
GREAT COLUMBIAN COMPANY, COLUMBIAN REEF, INGLEWOOD [ 71]
10.1900 24 ounces 8 dwt. from 95 tons of stone 11.1900 45 ounces 18 dwt. from 180 tons of stone 12.1900 30 ounces 17 dwt. from 114 tons of stone; 113 ounces 4 dwt. obtained from 404 tons of stone to date 01.1901 28 ounces 9 dwt. from 112 tons of stone
1903 4,152 ounces 11 dwt. from 5,471 tons of stone; 4,312 ounces 2 dwt. obtained from 6,246 tons of stone and 7,540 pounds 10 shillings paid in dividends to date; Mining Department development loan repaid; large shoot of payable stone found at the 450 foot level; 50 men employed, with 36 underground
1904 2,103 ounces 17 dwt. from 7 1 589 tons of stone; rich splice of stone cut out but expected to occur again at greater depth; 63 men employed with 45 underground No. 308, Columbian Reef ctd.
1905 2,795 ounces 16 dwt. from 10,893 tons of stone; 9,3211 ounces 15 dwt. obtained from 24,728 tons of stone and 8,797 pounds 5 shillings paid in dividends to date; vigorous prospecting without much success 1906 1,443 ounces 19 dwt. from 1.839 tons of stone: 10,655 ounces 15 dwt. obtained from 26,627 tons of stone and 10,054 pounds paid in dividends to date; shaft deepened 200 feet; large body of stone exposed but nothing payable found; to open up ground at the south where fine returns obtained in the upper levels 1907 1,301 ounces 16 dwt. from 4,689 tons of stone; 11,957 ounces 12 dwt . obtained from 31,316 tons of stone; 20 head battery 1908 468 ounces 2 dwt. from 2,799 tons of stone; 12,425 ounces 16 dwt. obtained from 34,115 tons of stone; no mention of a battery; bottom level at 722 feet not payable; 20 men employed working in the upper levels 1909 222 ounces 10 dwt. from 1,607 tons of stone (or 194 ounces from crushing 890 tons of stone and 9 ounces 10 dwt. from cyaniding 330 tons of tailings}; 12,648 ounces 17 dwt. obtained from 35,722 tons of stone to date; 454 feet of ground opened by crosscutting, driving and rising; 16 men employed 1910 215 ounces 5 dwt. from 907 tons of stone; 12,864 ounces 3 dwt. obtained from 36,629 tons of stone to date; 604 feet of driving, crosscutting and rising at different levels 1911 4 ounces 1 dwt. from 35 tons of stone; 12,868 ounces 4 dwt. obtained from 36,664 tons of stone to date; prospecting with poor results; mine closed down
SOUTH GREAT COLUMBIAN COMPANY, ?COLUMBIAN REEF~ INGLEYOOD
1904 pumping plant erected and shaft sunk to 450 feet; crosscutting, but so far without success; 12 employed with 8 underground on mineralized stone · 1905 vigorous prospecting, without much success
PHOTOGRAPHS: 193 View northwards across the site of the shaft to the mullock dump beyond; bearing 330 194 Open stopes over the hill from the shaft site and on the edge of a large dump of tailings; bearing 115 195 Open cut workings almost entirely surrounded by battery sands; bearing 170 196 A section of an extensive area of battery tailings; bearing 190 197 A line of shallow shafts st the northern end of the line of reef; bearing 165
COMPARISONS: Nine Mile (139), Fone's Reef (146}, Prince of Wales Reef (165}, Union Reef (196) , Buchanan Reef (280), Morning Star Reef (283 ) , March Reef (348) UJ ') -. - ~} I 1
No. 308, Columbian Reef ctd.
SIGNI FICANCE: A B c D E * Na tional State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state . AREA NO . 311 r LOCAL NAME:
LOCATION: 54HYE560502
DESCRIPTION: An extensive area of large mounds of battery sands resulting from the working of Maxwell's Reef further to the east .
COVER: mostly open and grassed, with some mature trees
HISTORY:
12.1859 Maxwell's Reef at Inglewood discovered by the three Laidlaw brothers, Gilchrist and White. Up to the end of 1861 5,915 ounces of gold had been obtained from 1,762 tons of stone. By the end of 1866 19,426 ounces had been obtained from 13,362 tons of stone. The stone became poorer below the water line; development faltered and despite amalgamations and reorganizations production slowed considerably. Up to 1898 24, 340 ounces had been obtained from 15,200 tons of stone the great majority of which had been taken out from above the 200 foot level. In 1903 a substantial winding and pumping plant was erected over the old main shaft. which was then 500 feet deep; but despite vigorous prospecting of all levels and the eventual sinking of the main shaft to l, 100 feet little was recovered and the mine was closed down and the plant sold off in 1912. There was a brief revival of interest in the mine in 1934, but there were difficulties in unwatering the shaft. prospecting of the upper levels was disappointing. and the mine was closed again by 1936. In recent years the mine has been re-opened by Goldquest with some success (5,6,8,9,10,37,48.61.71,73 )
PHOTOGRAPHS: 204 A view along the southern margin at the southern end of an extensive area of battery sand; bearing 035 205 A view along the western margin at the southern end of an extensive area of battery sand, and adjacent to the road
COMPARISONS: Nine Mile (139), Prince of Wales Reef ( 165), Matrix Reef (251), Morning Star Reef (283), Welcome Reef battery sands (330). Welcome Reef (331), March Reef (348). battery sands near the Calder Highway (351)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state . AREA NO . 318
LOCAL NAME: Pretty's Gully
LOCATION: S4HYES71513
DESCRIPTION: Most of the head of the gully has been extensively sluiced. In the heads of the gully, to the west, there are still traces of earlier shallow workings. To the east there is a dam and a puddling machine site. On higher ground to the south there are several deep shafts, and some attempts have been made to wash the gully running down south of these workings.
COVER: moderately dense scrub
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS: 181 Puddling machine site with the storage dam in the background; bearing 280 182 Open shaft at the south east end of the line of workings; bearing 220 183 Open shaft at the south east end of the line of workings and showing the pick marks in the surface; bearing 230 184 General view of the line of shafts on this reef working; bearing 150 185 Costeans at the northern end of the line of shafts; bearing 215 186 Open shaft at the northern end of a second line of workings; bearing 065 187 Area of shallow surface sluicing west of the dam and north of the line of reef workings 188 Two house sites on the north side of the sluiced area; bearing 065 189 Open shaft and costeans amongst trees; bearing 310 190 Line of shallow alluvial workings towards the head of the gully; bearing 255 191 Open shaft about 20 feet deep; bearing 235 192 View from the open shaft across to the large dump of mullock
COMPARISONS: (tub and cradle workings) Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41). area south of Chinamen's Hill (82). area east of main road (115), 140 Fenton's Diggings (140), Synnott's Diggings (144). alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147) •. New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gull (190), Langham Flat (209). Berlin Flat (223). Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235), Commissioner's Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305), Brass Button Gully I (327}. Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully (337) (puddling machines) Old Inglewood Lead ( 300) , Wellington Gully (301), Brass Button Gully (332), Jacksons Gully (337) (hydraulic sluicing) John's Paddock (218), Berlin Flat (223), St. John's Patch (253), Brass Button Gully I (327), Brass Button Gully III (332) , Jacksons Gully ( 337) No. 318, Pretty's Gully ctd.
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local *
RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state and interpret features of site. AREA NO. 324
LOCAL NAME: Honeymoon Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE548526
DESCRIPTION: A line of deep shafts and stopes along the main line of reef, with some workings on two spurs to the west and some shallow trenches at various places. There are some shallow alluvial workings in two gullies which cross the main line of reef.
COVER: thick acacia scrub except where cleared for a eucalyptus plantation
HISTORY:
UNCLE TOM'S, ?HONEYMOON REEF, ?INGLEWOOD [71]
12.1869 20 miners 03.1870 20 miners 06.1870 20 miners 09.1870 20 miners
HONEYMOON COMPANY, HONEYMOON REEF. INGLEWOOD (71]
06 .1870 45 ounces 2 dwt. f r om 80 tons of stone
06.1872 at work 09 . 1872 7 ounces from 23 tons of stone
HOLMES AND COMPANY, HONEYMOON REEF. ?INGLEWOOD [71]
09.1870 2 ounces 13 dwt. from 10 tons of stone
HONEYMOON REEF, INGLEWOOD [71]
09.1870 69 ounces from 70 tons of stone 12. 1870 2 ounces 13 dwt. from 23 tons of s t one
09.1872 7 ounces from 23 tons of stone
06.1873 60 ounces from 30 tons of stone 09.1873 63 ounces from 45 tons of stone 12.1873 11 ounces 15 dwt. from 10 tons of stone
12.1879 10 ounce s 13 dwt. from 14 tons of stone
12.1883 9 ounces from 12 tons of stone No. 324, Honeymoon Reef ctd.
RICHARDSON AND PAR.TY, SOUTH HONEYMOON CLAIM, HONEYMOON REEF, INGLEWOOD (71)
09.1870 6 ounces dwt. from 30 tons of stone 12.1870 6 dwt. from 6 tons of stone
03.1873 sinking a shaft
12.1883 9 ounces dwt. from 12 tons of stone
STARK AND MCGWYRE (OR STARK AND COMPANY, STURK AND MCGUIGAN, OR MCGUIGAN AND PARTY) , HONEYMOON REEF• INGLEWOOD [ 71)
09.1870 60 ounces 7 dwt. from 40 tons of stone 12.1870 28 ounces 14 dwt. from 24 tons of stone
03.1873 ground held as a prospecting claim under miner's right; sinking a shaft 06.1873 60 ounces from 30 tons of stone; driving and raising quartz 09.1873 63 ounces from 45 tons of stone 12.1873 11 ounces 15 dwt. from 10 tons of stone
POWER AND OTHERS, HONEYMOON REEF, INGLEWOOD [71 )
12.1870 2 ounces 7 dwt. from 17 tons of stone
UNCLE TOM COMPANY, HONEYMOON REEF, INGLEWOOD [71)
06.1872 raising payable stone 03.1873 2 men employed; shaft down 130 feet and driving east for the reef; no quartz crushed for the quarter
SOUTER AND COMPANY, HONEYMOON REEF, INGLEWOOD [71)
12.1879 10 ounces 13 dwt. from 14 tons of stone
PHOTOGRAPHS: 230 Shallow workings at the northern end of the southern section of Honeymoon Reef; bearing 157 231 Shallow costeans and open stopes further south along Honeymoon Reef; bearing 179 232 Open stopes and dry stone walling; bearing 139 233 Open stopes along Honeymoon Reef; bearing 355 234 Open shafts at the southern end of Honeymoon Reef, and east of the main line of workings; bearing 076 235 Shafts and rnullock dumps at the northern end of the northern section of Honeymoon Reef, with a house site at the right; bearing 351 236 Shaft and mullock dump just to the northern of the eucalyptus plantation ; bearing 084 I I i :·.~ U. 1: I r
No . 324 , Honeymoon Reef ctd.
COMPARISONS: Sunday Morning Reef (162) , Prince of Wales Reef (165) , Matrix Reef (251), American Reef (279), South Gordon mine (304), Welcome Reef (331), Homeward Bound Reef (339), All Nations Reef (340), Union Jack Reef (342)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B C D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. ul Li.;
AREA NO. 327
LOCAL NAME: Brass Button Gully I
LOCATION: 54HYE572525 and 54HYES76524
DESCRIPTION: Along the bottom end of Butchers Gully, east of the Inglewood North Road, and extending into Brass Button Gully, there is an area of bank sluicing which is relatively undisturbed. Further down Brass Button Gully there is a deeper sluiced gully, 9 to 10 feet deep, several holes 3 to 4 feet deep, a dam and a puddler. Further east, opposite the junction with Big Timber Gully, there is an undisturbed area of shallow workings with moderately sized mounds. Further east again there has been some recent re-working of exposed conglomerate.
COVER: mature trees in the west, eucalypt thicket in the east
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS: 156 Shallow alluvial workings amongst trees; bearing 000 157 Puddling machine site; bearing 260 158 Shallow alluvial workings in the vicinity of the puddling machine site; bearing 045 159 View along gully where the banks have been sluiced; bearing 060 161 Shallow alluvial workings west of the Inglewood North Road; bearing 230
COMPARISONS: (tub and cradle working) Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115), 140 Fenton's Diggings ( 1 40), Synnott's Diggings (144), alluvial worki ngs at Burke 's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235), Conunissioner' s Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully III (332), Jackson Gully (337) (puddling machines) Old Inglewood Lead (300) , Wellington Gully (301), Pretty' s Gully (318), Brass Button Gully III (332), Jacksons Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. (J 14 ;,
AREA NO. 330
LOCAL NAME:
LOCATION: 54HYE554536
DESCRIPTION: An extensive area of battery sands between a dam in Thompson Gully east of the Inglewood-Powlett Road and a flat grassed area to the north which may have been a settlement site; there are no obvious traces of earlier alluvial workings.
COVER: grass and some mature trees east of the Inglewood-Powlett Road; acacia scrub west of the road
HISTORY:
CO:HPARISONS: battery sands at Wehla (163 ) and at I nglewood (353)
SIGNIFICANCE: A . B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. Ul4o
AREA NO. 331
LOCAL NAME: Welcome Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE556536
DESCRIPTION: A collection of deep shafts, some timbered, and open cuts and stopes on and about the crown of a small hill east south east of Rose Hill and east of the Inglewood-Powlett Road and Thompson's Gully. In the gully below these workings there is a dump of battery sand, a shaft site, and foundations for a winding engine.
COVER: soma acacia scrub
HISTORY:
WELCOME REEF. THOMPSON•s GULLY, INGLEWOOD [71]
01.1860 13 ounces dwt. grains from 2 tons of stone 04.1860 good crushing 11.1860 yielding very good returns from a large body of stone 01.1860 yielding very steady returns varying from 2 to 10 ounces per ton 04.1860 workings down 75 feet on a reef 7 feet wide 10.1861 37 ounces 10 dwt. grains from 25 tons of stone from No. 1 South claim 13 ounces dwt. grains from 8 tons of stone from No. 4 South claim 11 . 1861 43 tons at 1 ounce 5 dwt. 3 grains per ton by a prospecting party 12.1861 57 ounces dwt. grains from 20 tons of stone from No. l North claim 100 ounces dwt. grains from 50 tons of stone by a prospecting party
12.1865 130 ounces 18 dwt. 6 grains from 141 tons of stone 03.1866 53 ounces 19 dwt. grains from 125 tons of stone 06.1866 36 ounces 18 dwt. grains from 212 tons of stone 09.1866 18 ounces l dwt. 4 grains from 100 tons of stone 12.1866 14 ounces dwt. grains from 49 tons of stone 03.1867 16 ounces dwt. grains from 100 tons of stone 06.1867 12 ounces dwt. grains from 60 tons of stone
12.1868 28 ounces dwt. grains from 1 60 tons of stone
06.1881 60 ounces .. dwt . grains from 71 tons of stone 09.1881 reef to get another trial 03.1882 18 ounces 10 dwt. grains from 64 tons of stone
09.1883 4 ounces 10 dwt. grains from 25 tons of stone No. 331, Welcome Reef ctd.
THOMPSON'S GULLY, INGLEWOOD [71)
06.1865 158 ounces 19 dwt. 6 grains from 486 tons of stone 09.1865 207 ounces 2 dwt. grains from 486 tons of stone 12.1865 25 miners 03.1866 25 miners 06.1866 25 miners 09.1866 20 miners 12 . 1866 12 miners 03.1867 10 miners
12.1867 30 ounces dwt. grains from 300 tons of stone
09.1868 a small rush, but so far not of any great importance
06.1869 10 miners; a rush in embryo for want of miners; most at the Berlin rush 09.1869 10 miners 12.1869 10 miners 03.1870 10 miners 06.1870 10 miners 09.1870 17 miners 12.1870 20 miners 03.1871 20 miners 06.1871 20 miners; 10 ounces 16 dwt. from 24 tons of stone 09.1871 20 miners 12.1871 20 miners 03 . 1872 20 miners 06 . 1872 20 miners 09 .1872 40 mine rs 12 .1872 40 miners 03.1873 70 miners 06.1873 70 miners 09.1873 70 miners 12.1873 80 miners 03.1874 80 miners
12.1880 12 ounces 10 dwt.. grains from 63 tons of stone
06.1882 strong company formed to work an easily obtainable body of stone; to erect a 24 head batt ery 09.1882 17 ounces 9 dwt. 12 grains from 67 tons of stone 12.1882 2 ounces 2 dwt. 11 grains from 12 tons of stone
09.1884 16 ounces 6 dwt. grains from 29 tons of stone 12.1884 4 ounces 8 dwt. grains from 10 tons of stone 03.1885 34 ounces 13 dwt. grains from 138 tons of stone
12.1885 30 ounces dwt. grains from 135 tons of stone
12.1887 7 ounces 17 dwt. grains from 113 tons of stone
THOMPSON'S GULLY COMPANY, THOMPSON'S GULLY, INGLEWOOD (71)
06.1865 158 ounces 19 dwt. 6 grains from 486 tons of stone 09.1865 207 ounces 2 dwt. grains from 486 tons of stone 15 ounces 2 dwt. grains from 28 tons of cement taken from Daly's Lead 12.1865 14 ounces 16 dwt. 12 grains from 12 tons of cement
03 . 1867 14 ounces dwt. grains from 80 tons of stone
12.1868 28 ounces dwt. grains from 160 tons of s tone No. 331, Welcome Reef ctd.
THOMPSON'S GULLY MACHINE. THOMPSON'S GULLY. INGLEWOOD [71)
12.1865 48 ounces dwt. grains from 179 tons of stone; 14 ounces 16 dwt. 12 grains from 12 tons of cement
09.1866 4 ounces 6 dwt. 12 grains from 50 tons of stone 12.1866 8 ounces 15 dwt. grains from 62 tons of stone 03.1867 14 ounces dwt. grains from 80 tons of stone 19 dwt. grains from 8 tons of cement 06.1867 12 ounces dwt. grains from 60 tons of stone
'WELCOME REEF COMPANY, ?WELCOME REEF, THOMPSON•s GULLY, INGLEWOOD [71]
12.1880 3 ounces 6 dwt. from 22 tons of stone
WATKINS AND PARTY, 'WELCOME REEF. THOMPSON'S GULLY, INGLEWOOD [71)
06.1881 60 ounces from 71 tons of stone
YATKINS AND SONS, THOMPSON'S GULLY, INGLEYOOD (71)
09.1881 75 ounces 7 dwt . 19 grains from 179 tons of stone 12. 1881 2 ounces 2 dwt . 11 grains from 12 tons of stone
'WILLIAM WATKINS AND PARTY, THOMPSON• S GULLY, INGLEWOOD [ 71]
12.1881 4 ounces 15 dwt. from 10 tons of stone
'WATKINS .AND SONS, 'WELCOME REEF, THOMPSON" S GULLY, INGLEWOOD [ 71 J
03.1882 18 ounces 10 dwt. from 64 tons of stone
W. 'WATKINS, THOMPSON'S GULLY, INGLEWOOD [71)
09 .1882 2 ounces from 35 tons of stone
~- 'WATKINS, WELCOME REEF, THOMPSON•s GULLY, INGLEWOOD [ 71]
09.1883 4 ounces 10 dwt. from 25 tons of stone
WELCOME QUARTZ MINING COMPANY, ?wELCOME REEF, THOMPSON'S GULLY, INGLEWOOD [71)
03.1885 26 ounces 8 dwt. from 120 tons of stone 09.1885 30 ounces dwt. from 135 tons of stone Ul;:'"'l: .)..
No. 331. Welcome Reef ctd.
WELCOME HILL COMPANY, ?'WELCOME REEF, THOMPSON'S GULLY, INGLEWOOD [71)
06.1887 2 men at work on a large body of stone
WELCOME CLAIM, ?WELCOME REEF, ?THOMPSON'S GULLY, INGLEWOOD [71]
12.1889 very rich Christmas cake obtained
PHOTOGRAPHS: 139 Dry stone walling and mullock at the northern end of the workings; bearing 239 140 A line of shafts and open workings at the northern end of the reef and just above a section of dry stone wa lling and a mound of mullock; bearing 236 141 Open stope on the north east side of the hill; bearing 350 142 Open cut working at the southern end of the hill; bearing 034 143 Open stope on the top of the hill 144 Timbered open stope on the top of the hill (adjacent to 145) 145 Timbered open stope on the top of the hill (adjacent to 144) 146 Shaft site and possible site for a winding engine near the base of the hill; bearing 110
COMPARISONS: (shallow reef mining) Sunday Morning Reef (162), Prince of Wales Reef (165), Matrix Reef (251), American Reef {279), South Gordon mine (304), Honeymoon Reef (324), Homeward Bound Reef (339), All Nations Reef (340), Union Jack Reef (342) (machinery site) Nine Mile (139), Prince of Wales Reef (165), Matrix Reef (251), Morning Star Reef (283), Maxwell R~ef battery sands (311), Welcome Reef battery sands (330). March Reef (348), battery sands near the Calder Highway (351) The site, when taken together with others in the immediate vicinity, compares with the Eureka Reef, Chewton (which has been considered important enough to be recommended for nomination to t he National Estate Register).
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state but provide more suitable safety railings around top workings and open shafts. AREA NO. 332
LOCAL NAME: Brass Button Gully III
LOCATION: 54HYE558534
DESCRIPTION: Extending from the head of Thompson's Gully on the north, into Brass Button Gully in the south, and across a flat ridge between the two, there is a line of moderately shallow holes and moderately sized mounds. To the north of this line there is an area of sluicing and a dam. There are two patches of white sand, but no evidence of a puddling machine site. At the eastern end, however, and slightly to the north of the main line of workings, there is a dam and a puddler.
COVER: moderately thick eucalypt scrub, with some more open areas
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS: 165 Shallow alluvial workings and an area of surface sluicing towards the head of the gully; bearing 350 166 Puddling machine site and an area of surface sluicing beyond; bearing 245 167 General view of surface sluiced and washed ground in the middle section of the gully 168 View of white sands in the middle section of the gully, indicative of the vicinity of a puddling machine site 169 Puddling machine site and dam on the northern margin of the middle section of the gully; bearing 290
COMPARISONS: (tub and cradle workings) Old Lead (9), William Rush (10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115), Fenton' s Diggings (140), Synnott's Diggings (144}, alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef {161). alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209) , Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229}, Christmas Flat (235}, Commissioner's Lead ( 299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302}, Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty' s Gully (318), Jackson Gully (337) (puddling machines) Old Inglewood Lead (300), Wellington Gully (301), Pretty's Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327), Jacksons Gully (337) (hydraulic sluicing) John's Paddock (218), Berlin Flat (223}, St. John's Patch (253), Pretty•s Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327), Jacksons Gully (337)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * UJ . ~·- J.
No. 332, Brass Button Gully III ctd.
RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 337
LOCAL NAME: Jackson's Gully
LOCATION: 54HYE586537
DESCRIPTION: At the head of the gully there are some very shallow workings. Below this the gully has been superficially sluiced over a wide area; the dirt collected behind an earthen walled dam and puddled. At some distance below the puddler there is a further area of very shallow workings, costeans and low mounds.
COVER: moderately dense scrub
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS: 152 Puddling machine site towards the top of the gully; bearing 195 153 View across the puddling machine site to the storage dam beyond; bearing 280 154 View of the shallow sluiced area at the head of the workings; bearing 185
COMPARISONS: (tub and cradle working) Old Lead (9), William Rush {10), Sailor's Gully (41), area south of Chinamen's Hill (82), area east of main road (115), 140 Fenton's Diggings (140), Synnott's Diggings (144), alluvial workings at Burke's Flat (147), New Garibaldi Lead (153), alluvial workings near Sunday Morning Reef (161), alluvial workings at Wehla (163, 164, 169 and 177), Stockyard Gully (190), Langham Flat (209), Berlin Flat (223), Tyler's Flat (229), Christmas Flat (235) , Conunissioner' s Lead (299), Wellington Gully (301), Groper's Gully and White Lead (302), Bulldog Gully (305), Pretty' s Gully (318), Brass Button Gully III ( 332) (puddling machines) Old Inglewood Lead (300), Wellington Gully (301), Pretty' s Gully (318), Brass Button Gully I (327), Brass Button Gully III (332) (hydraulic sluicing) John's Paddock (218), Berlin Flat (223 ) , St. John's Patch (253), Pretty's Gully {318), Brass Button Gully I (327), Brass Button Gully III (332)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state and interpret the various features of the site. AREA NO. 339
LOCAL NAME: Homewa rd Bound Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE556544
DESCRIPTION: Remains of open stopes, shafts and mullock dumps
COVER: eucalypt scrub
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS: 177 Open stoping on the line of the reef; bearing 000 178 View looking south over the open stopes; bearing 170
COMPARISONS: Sunday Morning Reef (162), Prince of Wales Reef (165). Matrix Reef (251), American Reef (279), South Gordon mine (304), Honeymoon Reef (324), Welcome Reef (331), All Nations Reef (340), Union Jack Reef (342)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. u15 ~ -
AREA NO. 340 f LOCAL NAME: All Nations Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE557544
DESCRIPTION: Remains of open stopes, some· deep shafts, and medium sized mullock dumps on slopes north west of a large storage dam. There are also the remains of what was probably the mine manager's house adjacent to one of the workings.
COVER: eucalypt scrub
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS: 179 House site north east of the open stopes; bearing 305
COMPARISONS: Sunday Morning Reef (162), Prince of Wales Reef (165), Matrix Reef (251}, American Reef (279), South Gordon mine (304), Honeymoon Reef (324), Welcome Reef (331), Homeward Bound Reef (339), Union Jack Reef (342)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. ul fj ,)
AREA NO. 342
LOCAL NAME: Union Jack Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE558542
DESCRIPTION: A large undisturbed mullock dump just west of the track, with a line of shafts, some up to 12 feet deep, and moderately sized dumps extending south towards Welcome Hill. On the east of the track, and some distance south of the main dump there is a dam, and to the north of this there are three house sites.
COVER: eucalypt scrub and mature trees
HISTORY:
UNION JACK REEF, THOMPSON'S GULLY, INGLEWOD (71]
12.1866 2 ounces dwt. grains from 20 tons of stone
03.1882 11 ounces 15 dwt. grains from 59 tons of stone
UNION JACK COMPANY (OR UNION JACK MINING COMPANY), UNION JACK REEF, THOMPSON'S GULLY, INGLEWOOD (OR KURTING} [71J
12.1880 9 ounces 4 dwt. grains from 41 tons of stone 06.1881 12 ounces dwt. grains from 80 tons of stone
03.1883 20 tons taken out from various levels; to do a trial crushing at Eaglehawk
09.1884 48 ounces 5 dwt. grains from 472 tons of stone 12.1884 21 ounces s dwt. 12 grains from 141 tons of stone 03.1885 40 ounces 1 dwt. grains from 360 tons of stone 09.1885 34 ounces 4 dwt. grains from 227 tons of stone 12.1885 145 ounces 13 dwt. grains from 902 tons of stone 03 .1886 25 ounces 18 dwt. grains from 337 tons of stone 06.1886 48 ounces s dwt. 12 grains from 468 tons of stone 09.1886 5 ounces 3 dwt. grains from 33 tons of stone
MARTIN AND COMPANY (OR PARTY) (G. MARTIN, OR J. MARTIN AND PARTY). UNION JACK REEF, THOMPSON•s GULLY, INGLEWOOD [71)
06 .1881 19 dwt. from 11 tons of stone 12.1881 4 ounces 6 dwt. from 9 tons of stone 03.1882 3 ounces 15 dwt. grains from 15 tons of stone 06.1882 11 dwt. 12 grains from 7 tons of stone 09.1882 2 ounces from 12 tons of stone No. 342, Union Jack Reef ctd.
ARNOLD AND COMPANY, INGLEYOOD (71 ]
09.1881 12 ounces 7 dwt . 4 grains from 63 tons of stone
ARNOLD, UNION JACK REEF, THOMPSON'S GULLY, INGLEWOOD (71)
03.1882 8 ounces from 44 tons of stone
WATKINS AND PARTY, UNION JACK REEF, THOMPSON'S GULLY , INGLEWOOD (71)
06.1888 getting out two ounce stone from ground near the reef
PHOTOGRAPHS: 170 House sites between the dam and the track; bearing 245 171 Brick house site just south of the track and west of the water race from the dam 172 Edge of large mullock dump, with a l ine of workings in the background; bearing 255 173 Battery sands north east of the mullock dump ; bearing 300 174 Opening of a moderately deep shaft at the northern end of the line of r eef workings; bearing 100 175 General view from the open shaft of the line of reef workings; bearing 265 176 General view of the line of workings ; bearing 343
COMPARISONS: (shallow reef mining) Sunday Morning Reef (162), Prince of Wales Reef (165), Matrix Reef (251), American Reef (279), South Gordon mine (304), Honeymoon Reef (324), Welcome Reef (331), Homeward Bound Reef (339), All Nations Reef (340) (machinery site) Nine Mile (139), Prince of Wales Reef (165), Matrix Reef (251), Morning Star Re ef (283), Maxwell Reef battery sand s (311), Welcome Reef battery sands (330), Welcome Reef (331), March Reef (348) , battery sands near the Calder Highway (351)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existi ng state. AREA NO. 348
LOCAL NAME: March Reef
LOCATION: 54HYE559481
DESCRIPTION: 1m extensive area of battery sands, adjacent to a large storage dam. At the northern end of the dame there is a derrick crane, a brick-lined cyanide vat and an iron storage tank.
COVER: grassed, with some mature trees
HISTORY:
03.1862 Smith, Jewell, Binney and Dahl took up ground on March Reef (Jersey line) at Inglewood which had originally been worked by the Hunter brothers without making it pay. The first crushing of 2.5 tons of stone yielded almost 14 ounces of gold, and up to September 1865 6,167 ounces of gold was obtained from 5,790 tons of stone. In the Unity claim to the south for the period up to 22. 01.1866 8, 269 ounces of gold was obtained from 10,038 tons of stone. Up to the end of 1866 15, 291 ounces had ·been obtained from 17, 407 tons of stone taken from a wide formation down to about 200 feet. Although the workings were subsequently deepened to almost 450 feet, and despite the amalgamation of three of the main companies working along this line of reef t he returns did not match those obtained in the period up to 1867, and by 1875 operations had been suspended and all the machinery sold and removed. By 1898 15,484 ounces of gold had been obtained from 16,762 tons of stone [10,61,71]
MARCH REEF. INGLEWOOD [71]
07.1862 unable to work below the water level as the pumping machinery is inadequate
03.1864 1,719 owtces 12 dwt. from 1,642 tons of stone; reef now nearly half a mile long; continuation in the Reality Prospecting Claim; runs parallel to the old rich alluvial lead which caused the first rush to Inglewood 06.1864 568 ounces from 200 tons of stone; reef first found at 50 feet but not remunerative; cap found at 90 feet, 4 feet wide and yielding an ounce to the ton; shaft down 156 feet on a reef 20 feet wide and returning nearly 3 ounces per ton 09.1864 reef improving with depth 12.1864 reef returning 2 ounces 10 dwt. per ton
09.1865 1,168 ounces 2 dwt. 4 grains from 1,882 tons of stone 12.1865 619 ounces 6 dwt. from 957 tons of stone 03.1866 607 ounces 7 dwt. from 1,041 tons of stone 06.1866 430 ounces 6 dwt. 6 grains from 936 tons of stone 09 .1866 so ounces 5 dwt. 3 grains from 138 tons of stone 12.1866 321 ounces 16 dwt. l grain from 1,996 tons of stone Ul ~...... ,,
No. 348, March Reef ctd.
03.1867 699 . ounces 18 dwt. 12 grains from 1,299 tons of stone; the most important reef in Inglewood; northern end has good stone but th.e water is heavy 06.1867 3,663 ounces 6 dwt. from 2,589 tons of stone 09.1867 2,004 ounces 15 dwt. 12 grains from 2,909 tons of stone 12.1867 1,484 ounces 3 dwt. 18 grains from 2,743 tons of stone 03.1868 515 ounces 9 dwt. 12 grains from 1,250 tons of stone 06 .1868 133 ounces 19 dwt. 6 grains from 1,245 tons of stone 09.1868 215 ounces 18 dwt. 16 grains from 1, 522 tons of stone 79 ounces 10 dwt. from 40 tons of tailings 12.1868 117 ounces 13 dwt. 6 grains from 1,228 tons of stone 97 ounces 6 grains from SO tons of pyrites 03.1869 353 ounces 3 dwt. 6 grains from 1,047 tons of stone 06.1869 327 ounces 4 dwt. 12 grains from 1,088 tons of stone 09.1869 92 ounces 12 dwt. 18 grains from 801 tons of stone
09.1870 2 ounces 4 dwt. from 11 tons of stone 12.1870 2 ounces 4 dwt. from 11 tons of stone
06.1880 10 ounces 10 dwt. from 47 tons of stone
09.1887 .71 ounces from 500 tons of stone 15 ounces from 6.5 tons of pyrites and blanketings
MAR.CH REEF MACHINE, MARCH REEF, INGLEWOOD [71)
06.1864 1,440 ounces dwt. grains from 826 tons of stone 09.1864 804 ounces dwt. grains from 729 tons of stone 12.1864 560 ounces dwt. grains from 1,050 tons of stone 03.1865 285 ounces dwt. grains from 801 tons of stone 06.1865 123 ounces 16 dwt. 8 grains from 323 tons of stone
06.1867 138 ounces 19 dwt. 7 grains from 387 tons of stone 13 ounces 2 dwt. 12 grains from 50 tons of cement 09.1867 100 ounces 17 dwt. grains from 485 tons of stone 15 ounces 17 dwt. grains from 63 tons of cement
09.1868 37 ounces 3 dwt . 6 grains from 80 tons of stone 6 ounces 10 dwt. 16 grains from 16 tons of cement 12. 1868 27 ounces 10 dwt. grains from 109 tons of stone 71 ·ounces dwt. grains from 434 tons of cement 03.1869 29 ounces 9 dwt. 6 grains from 99 tons of stone 22 ounces dwt. grains from 136 tons of cement No. 348, March Reef ctd.
MARCH REEF GOLD MINING COMPANY (OR PROSPECTORS• COMPANY)• MARCH REEF, INGLEWOOD [71]
09.1865 159 ounces dwt. grains from 336 tons of stone 12.1865 driving to cut reef at lower level 03.1866 company recently re-organized 06.1866 excellent returns obtained 09.1866 resumed operations after re-organizing and have just finished crushing from a new and rich lode west of their earlier workings and lately discovered by the Independent Company 12.1866 157 ounces 13 dwt. l grain from 634 tons of stone; agreement with the Unity and Independent companies to keep the pumps working 03.1867 17 ounces 14 dwt. 12 grains from 91 tons of stone; 17 men employed on the contract system; mine being developed vigorously; one battery crushing for the public 06.1867 machine fully occupied crushing for the public; prospects improving under the contract system 09.1867 operations suspended pending completion of the Unity pumping engine; battery let to a 2 man party for use in public crushing after improvements made to the tables; to let mine on tribute 12.1867 75 ounces from 180 tons of stone 03.1868 tributers driving north and raising stone
03.1871 men at work again
12.1871 north of Unity Company; sinking to pick up the Unity run of stone
12.1873 amalgamated with the Independent and Unity companies
UNITY COMPANY, MARCH REEF, INGLEWOOD [71]
09.1865 272 ounces dwt. grains from 132 tons of stone 12.1865 profitably raising stone 03.1866 prominently remunerative 06.1866 excellent returns 09.1866 extensive plant almost ready for operation; 24 head battery ready in a fortnight 12.1866 113 ounces 16 dwt. grains from 1,251 tons of stone; agreement with the Independent and Prospectors• companies to keep the pumps working 03 .1867 11 men at work and all four batteries crushing own stone 06.1867 3,455 ounces 18 dwt. grains from 2,268 tons of stone; working vast stopes southwards with brilliant success 09.1867 2,004 ounces 15 dwt. 12 grains from 2,909 tons of stone; stone taken out between the 110 and 190 foot levels over a length of 300 feet, with stopes of 80 to 90 feet at the south end and underlying east; 41 men on wages and 18 on contract; 40 horsepower 18 inch cylinder steam engine and 10 inch pumps, plungers and drawlift supplied by Horwood of Sandhurst for 1,944 pounds; under erection and will then drain the whole extent of the reef l.Jlt);j
No. 348, March Reef ctd.
12.1867 1,407 ounces 1 dwt. grains from 2,555 tons of stone; pumping plant nearly completed 03.1868 507 ounces 2 dwt. 12 grains from 1,195 tons of stone; subsidence on 29 February damaged engine shaft and first level stopes which were about 100 feet wide and supported on a forest of timbers; gold first discovered on 22 November 1862 and since then 16,918 ounces 15 dwt. 6 grains obtained from 22,395 tons of stone 06 .1868 132 ounces 4 dwt. 6 grains from 1,227 tons of stone; operations now started at the new pumping and winding shaft; now a model mine; fall-off in gold only temporary whilst miners occupied in improvemen ts to the mine wo rkings 09.1868 197 ounces dwt. 16 grains from 1,469 tons of stone; still prospecting ground; crushings paying expenses 12 .1868 115 ounces 5 dwt. 6 grains from 1,221 tons of stone 03.1869 335 ounces 2 dwt. 6 grains from 1,001 tons of stone 06.1869 327 ounces 4 dwt. 12 grains from 1,088 tons of stone; prospects improving 09.1869 89 ounces 12 dwt. 12 grains from 766 tons of stone; proposing to amalgamate with adjoining companies 06.1870 still prospecting; water troublesome 09.1870 prospecting at the lower levels 03.1871 sinking in the hope of getting payable stone at 350 to 400 foot level 06.1871 down 386 feet; crosscutting on several well-defined spurs 09.1871 9 dwt. stone found at the 376 foot level; the greatest depth at which gold has been found in the division 12 .1871 293 ounces dwt. grains from 484 tons of stone 06 .1872 main shaft sunk from 411 to 432 feet in hard blue slate; water very heavy; west crosscut at 376 foot level now in 190 feet; driving in more settled country at 376 foot and bottom levels on sulphided 'formations showing a little gold 09 .1872 shaft down 434 feet; expecting to cut reef at 428 foot level soon 03 .1873 crushing plant engaged for the public; chiefly small lots, trial crushings, and some cement; failure of negotiations for amalgamation with neighbouring claims; work suspended 06.1873 negotiations to amalgamate Unity, March and Independent claims now more promising 12.1873 amalgamation completed
(new company: Unity Company) 03.1883 shaft down 123 feet; slabbing new engine shaft
09.1885 work stopped
09.1886 crosscut driven 261 feet from shaft through slate and sandstone with quartz leaders; reef 14 feet wide, charged with minerals and showing some gold 12.1886 137 ounces dwt. grains from 377 tons of stone; developments being watched with interest; reef cut 300 feet from the shaft; driven on for 100 feet and showing gold throughout; sinking an air shaft No. 348, March Reef ctd.
03.1887 583 ounces 10 dwt. grains from 1,237 tons of stone; 20 ounces 14 dwt. 18 grains from 8 tons of pyrites and blanketings 06.1887 740 ounces dwt. grains from 1,700 tons of stone taken from between 360 and 400 feet; 39 ounces 16 dwt. 6 grains from 15 tons of pyrites and blanketings; erected a new 24 head battery with an additional engine; air shaft complete; golden stone available in a reef 6 feet wide 09.1887 71 ounces dwt. grains from 500 tons of stone taken from the 500 foot level; 15 ounces dwt. grains from 6 tons 10 cwt. of pyrites and blanketings 12.1887 small leaders struck which show gold; tributers working parts of the lease 03.1888 tributers in the east drive; driving north to strike quartz 150 fee t east of the shaft ; expected to be a continuation of a rich reef worked by the Hope and Anchor Company; reef is 3 to 5 feet wide, well mineralized and carrying gold; another tribute party is at work at the northern end of the 275 foot level 06.1888 driving through golden country 09.1888 43 ounces 10 dwt. grains from 175 tons of stone; underhand stoping on the east lode below 400 feet; driving south on a reef 3 feet wide and showing gold; water heavy 12 .1888 operations stopped 03.1889 to prospect the eastern portion of the ground 09 .1889 little or nothing being done
UNITY MACHINE, INGLEWOOD [71]
12.1866 172 ounces 5 dwt. grains from 1,413 tons of stone; 5 ounces 8 dwt. grains from 12 tons of cement 03.1867 853 ounces S dwt. 12 grains from 1,465 tons of stone; 14 ounces 9 dwt. grains from 71 tons of cement 06.1867 3,455 ounces 18 dwt. grains from 2,268 tons of stone
09.1868 482 ounces 5 dwt. 16 grains from 1,653 tons of stone; 19 ounces 11 dwt. grains from 63 tons of cement; 79 ounces 10 dwt. grains from 40 tons of tailings 12.1868 148 ounces 8 dwt. 18 grains from 1,422 tons of stone; 153 ounces 17 dwt. 15 grains from 910 tons. of cement; 97 ounces dwt. 6 grains from 50 tons of pyrites 03.1869 464 ounces 1 dwt. 6 grains from 1,413 tons of stone; 113 ounces 19 dwt. 5 grains from 845 tons of cement 06.1869 511 ounces 12 dwt. grains from 1,413 tons of stone; 136 ounces 13 dwt. grains from 899 tons of cement 09.1869 231 ounces 1 dwt. 6 grains from 1,413 t ons of stone; 36 ounces 18 dwt. 12 grains from 268 tons of cement 12.1869 86 ounces 19 dwt. grains from 149 tons of stone; 37 ounces 2 dwt . grains from 212 tons of cement Ul G::.
No. 348, March Reef ctd.
NO. 4 NORTH CLAIM, MARCH REEF, INGLEWOOD [71 ]
06.1867 4 ounces of pure mundic when heated in a crucible produced 1.5 dwt. of gold
NO. 7 NORTH CLAIM, HAR CH REEF. INGLKYOOD [71)
06.1868 1 ounce 16 dwt . 12 grains from 10 tons of stone 12.1868 2 ounces 8 dwt . grains from 7 tons of stone 03.1869 5 ounces 14 dwt. grains from 20 tons of stone
ROGERS AND COMPANY, MARCH REEF, INGLEWOOD [71)
09.1870 2 ounces 4 dwt. from 11 tons of stone 12.1870 2 ounces 4 dwt. from 11 tons of stone
UNITY REEF, INGLEWOOD [71]
03 .1872 a lot of development work done during the quarter
MARCH REEF UNITED COMPANY. MARCH REEF, INGLEWOOD [71)
12.1873 amalgamation of the Independent, March Reef and Unity companies; draining mine from the Unity shaft and water level lowered to the 370 foot level mine cleared cf water; 16 men employed; working at the 370 and 420 foot levels in search of the main r eef 06.1874 tribute company established on the former Independent company's ground; 13 ounces 5 dwt. from 30 tons of stone taken from a reef 6 feet wide between the 170 and 250 foot levels 12.1874 60 ounces 14 dwt. from 235 tons of stone by the tributers; gold struck at the 375 foot level in a well-defined reef 2 feet 6 inches wide with a s l ate hanging wall and a sandstone foot wall; tributers crushings unsatisfactory 03.1875 7 ounces dwt. from 70 tons of stone; operations suspended 09.1875 machinery all sold off to one of the proprietors of l ea ses on the Deep Lead
MARCH REEF COMPANY, MARCH REEF, INGLEWOOD [ 71]
09 .1880 8 ounces 11 dwt. from 37 tons of stone No. 348, March Reef ctd.
UNITY REEP. INGLEWOOD [73]
1912 several small parties at work; 3 small parcels sent to Bendigo yielded from 8 to 14 dwt. per ton 1913 one party making good wages
PHOTOGRAPHS: 025 Derrick crane and cyanide vats in the midst of a tailings dump to the north of the March Reef storage dam; bearing 195 027 Brick lined cyanide vat in the vicinity of the derrick crane, with a corrugated iron storage tank in the background; bearing 155
COMPARISONS: (company mining) Nine Mile (139), Fone's Reef (146), Prince of Wales Reef (165), Union Reef (196), Buchanan Reef (280), Morning Star Reef (283), Columbian Reef (308) (machinery site) Nine Mile (139), Prince of Wales Reef (165), Matrix Reef (251), Morning Star Reef (283), Maxwell Reef battery sands (311), Welcome Reef battery sands ( 330), Welcome Reef (331), battery sands near the Calder Highway (351)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. AREA NO. 349 r LOCAL NAME: Valvoline factory
LOCATION: 54HYE559482
DESCRIPTION: An assemblage of half-buried machinery foundations ( including a boiler setting), a metal chimney stack and a concrete storage tank.
COVER: grassed, with some mature trees
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS: 026 Remains of a metal chimney stack and a boiler set ting on the site of the Valvoline factory and amidst dumps of tailings to the east of the March Reef storage dam; bearing 330 028 Extensive area of tailings and the remains of a concrete storage tank and metal flue; bearing 070
COMPARISONS:
SI GNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. UJ b .-.i
AREA NO. 351
LOCAL NAME:
LOCATION: 55HYE555496
DESCRIPTION: A large mound of battery sand contained within an area bounded to the south by the Calder Highway and to the north by the line of a large water channel.
COVER: thick grass
HISTORY:
PHOTOGRAPHS:
COMPARISONS: Nine Mile (139), Prince of Wales Reef (165), Matrix Reef (251), Morning Star Reef (283), Maxwell Reef battery sands (311), Welcome Reef battery sands (330), Welcome Reef (331) , March Reef ( 348)
SIGNIFICANCE: A B c D E * National State Local * RECOMMENDATIONS: Preserve in existing state. Bibliography
1. Carless, R. L., "History of Rheola.ft Rheola, 1970. 2. Cosh, T. W., "History of the Wedderburn gold-fields." Wedderburn, .no date. 3. Flett, James, "The history of gold discovery in Victoria." Melbourne, Hawthorn, 1970 . 4. Gray, J. R., "History of the Wedderburn gold-fields, and Catalogue of the Miners• Literary Institute, Wedderburn." Wedderburn, 1891. 5. Howard, T., "History of the Inglewood reefs, from their discovery in 1859 to 1866." Inglewood, 1866. 6. Howard, T., and Congreve, H. J., "History of the Inglewood reefs, from their discovery in 1859 to 1866, with summaries to 1879." Second edition, Inglewood, 1883, 143pp. 7. Hunter, S., and Mulvaney, J. B., "Deep leads of Victoria." Mines Department, Victoria, 1937. 8. Nixon, Alan M., "Inglewood. Gold town of early Victoria." Melbourne, Nixon, 1974. 9. Nixon, Alan M., "Inglewood gold. Gold town of early Victoria. 1859- 1982." Greensborough: Sundowner, 1982. 10. Wemyss, I. J., "Back to Inglewood." Inglewood, 1973. 11. Anonymous. "Inglewood." Dicker's Mining Record, II, 1863, 161-162. 12. Anonymous, "A neglected gold-field. The Inglewood reefs." Australian Mining Standard, XIII, 1898, 3172-3173; XIV, 1898, 3199-3200. 13. Anonymous, "The great rush." Nuggets or Nothing, Korong Historical Society, No. 1, 1969. 14. Anonymous, "Report on the goldfields in the district of Korong by the Resident Gold Commissioner, Bendigo, 24 January 1853." Nuggets or Nothing, Korong Historical Society, No. 3, 1971/72. 15. Anonymous, "Avoca Forest." Nuggets of Nothing, Korong Historical Society, No. 4, 1976, 2. 16. Brownridge, C., "Gold dredging at Wedderburn." Nuggets or Nothing, Korong Historical Society, No. 14, 1986, 1-10. 17. Curnow, D. M., Power and Hayes, R. M., flNine Mile." Nuggets or Nothing. Korong Historical Society, No. 6, 1978, 4-7. 18. Harrison, James, "Inglewood 1861 - 1961: the origins and development of a pastoral and gold mining community." Victorian Historical Magazine, vol.32, 1961, 21-22. 19. Hubbard, G., Gallacher and Gallacher, "Burke's Flat." Nuggets or Nothing, Korong Historical Society, No. 6, 1978, 14-27. 20. Marshall. J. R., "The settlement of Wehla. • Nuggets or Nothing, Korong Historical Society, No.6. 1978, 8-9. 21. Anonymous, "Resume of operations of prospecting parties. Maryborough mining district. Inglewood party.• Report of Progress, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.V, 1878, 200-201. 22. Anonymous, "Resume of operations of prospecting parties. Maryborough mining district. Wedderburn party." Report of Progress, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.V, 1878, 201. 23. Anonymous, "Resume of operations of prospecting parties. Maryborough mining district. Orville party." Report of Progress, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.V, 1878, 202-203. 24. Bradford, W., "The Dunolly-Wedderburn gold-fields. " Bulletin, Geological Survey of Victoria, no.9, 1903. Ul b ..
Bibliography ctd.
25. Caldwell. J. J., "New Columbian claim. Inglewood." Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.V, Part 3, 1937, 360- 361. 26. Caldwell, J. J., "Berri.man's lease at Kingower.• Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.V, Part 4, 1937, 418-419. 27. Caldwell, J. J., "Edwards' Reef, Wedderburn." Records , Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.V, Part 4, 1937, 490-491. 28. Caldwell, J. J., "Prospecting Jersey Reef, Inglewood." Mining and Geological Journal, vol.!, no.1, 1937, 35. 29. Caldwell, J. J., "South Gordon mine, Inglewood." Mining and Geological Journal, vol.1, no.2, 1938, 29-31. 30. Caldwell, J. J., "South Gordon mine, Inglewood." Mining and Geological Journal, vol.l, no.4, 1939, 33-34 . 31. Canavan, F. , "Deep lead gold deposits of Victoria.• Bulletin, Geological Survey of Victoria, no.62, 1988. 32. Couchman, W. G .• "Special Report of a new rush near Berlin. • Reports of the Mining Surveyors and Registrars, Department of Mines, Victoria, 31 December 1874, 40; 30 September 1875, 38. 33. Dunn, E. J., "Report of the country in the neighbourhood of Wedderburn and Rheola. " Reports of the Mining Surveyors and Registrars, Department of Mines, Victoria, 31 December 1888, 67-69. 34. Dunn, E. J. . "Notes on the Rheola gold-fields.• Re ports and Statistics, Department of Mining, Victoria, 30 June 1890, 16-23. 35. Dunn, E . J., "The Newbridge gold-field, with appendix on the Matrix or McEvoy's Reef, Rheola." Bulletin, Geological Survey of Victoria, no.17, 1905. 3 6. Dunn, E. J. , •The Wedderburn goldf ie ld. • Records , Geo logic a 1 Survey of Victoria, vol.II, Part 1, 1907, 6-10. 3 7. Dunn, E. J. , "Maxwel 1 • s Reef, Inglewood. • Records, Geologic al Survey of Victoria, vol.II, Part 2. 1907. 84. 38. Dunn, E. J., "Burke's Flat and Wehla." Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.II, Part 4, 1908, 137-140. 39. Dunn, E. J., "List of nuggets found in Victoria." Memoirs, Geological Survey of Victoria, No. 12, 1914. 40. Dunn, E . J., "Matrix Reef, Mcintyre's." Records. Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.IV, Part 2, 1920, 108-109. 41. Howitt, A. M., "The Prince of Wales mine, Wehla." Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.III, Part 2, 1911, 134. 42. Ho-witt, A. M., "The Prince of Wales gold mine, Wehla. • Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.IV, Part 1, 1917, 21-23. 43. Howitt, A. M., "Reimers Union Hill indicator, Kingower." Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.V, Part 3, 1937, 383-384. 44. Hunter. S., "The deep leads of Victoria." Memoirs , Geological Survey of Victoria, No. 7, 1909. 45. Kingston, W., "Staley and Wilson's claim, Inglewo od. " Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.V, Part 3, 1937, 367-369. 46 . Kings ton, W. , "Greeves Bros. • claim, Inglewood." Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.V, Part 3, 1937, 369 . 47. Kingston. W., "Welcome Reef, Inglewood." Records, Geological Survey of Victoria , vol.V, Part 3, 1937. 369-370. 48. Kingston, W., "Maxwell Consolidated, Inglewood." Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.V, Part 4, 1937, 590-591. Bibliography ctd .
49. Kingston, W., "The South Gordon mine, Inglewood." Mining and Geological Journal, vol.l, no.l, 1937, 34. 50. Lidgey, E., ftRepo rt of lectures on the deep leads of Victoria and some indications of ore deposits." Special Report, Department of Mines, Victoria, 1898. 51. Medwell, G. J., "The Hit or Miss mine, Wedderburn. " Mining and Geological Journal, vol.6, no.S, 1965, 59-63,67. 52. Moon, R. A., "Reports on rapid surveys of the gold-fields. Inglewood District. - Parishes of Inglewood, Salisbury West, Kurting and Glenalbyn (with maps).• Special Report, Department of Mines, Victoria, 1895, 4pp. 53. Moon, R. A., "Reports of rapid surveys of the gold-fields. Parish of Kingower (with map)." Special Report, Department of Mines, Victoria, 1895, 3pp. 54. Moon, R. A., •Reports of rapid surveys of the gold-fields. Parishes of Brenanah and Ko rang, including the Garibaldi gold-field (with p 1 an l . " Special Report, Department of Mines, Victoria, 1895, 2pp. 55. Moon, R. A., "Reports of rapid surveys of the gold-fields. Parishes of Wehla and Kurraca (with maps).• Special Report, Department of Mines, Victoria, 1895, 3pp. 56. Moon, R. A., "Reports on rapid surveys of the gold-fields. Wedderburn District (with map).• Special Report, Department of Mines, Victoria, 1895, 3pp. 57. Moon, R. A., "Report on reefs at Burke's Flat." Progress Report, Geological Survey of Victoria, no.IX, 1898, 37. 58. Murray, R. A. F., "Report on reefs at Korong Vale." Progress Reports, Geological Survey of Victoria, no.IX, 1898, 39. 59. Murray, R. A. F., "The Wedderburn gold-field.• Reports of the Mining Registrars , Department of Mines, Victoria, 30 June 1888, 66-68. 60. Stirling, J. "Reports on rapid surveys of the gold-fields. Parish of Berr imal (with map) . " Special Reports, Department of Mines, Victoria, 1895, lp. 61. Stirling, J., "Report on reefs at Inglewood." Progress Reports, Geological Survey of Victoria, no.IX, 1898, 38-39. 62. Walker, D. B., "Report on neglected gold-fields. " Special Report, Department of Mines, Victoria, 1894. 63. Walker, D. B. , "Report on neglected gold-fields . No. II." Special Report, Department of Mines, Victoria, 1894. 64. Ylhitelaw, H. S., "The Matrix Reef, Mcintyre's, near Rheola." Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.IV, Part 1, 1917, 31-33. 65. Whitelaw, H. s., "Nil Desperandum Reef, Wedderburn." Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.IV, Part 4, 1925, 329-330. 66. Whitelaw, H. s., "Mount Douglas molybdenite mine, Korong Vale. • Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.IV, Part 4, 1925, 431-434. 67 . Whitelaw, 0. A. L., "Rheola goldfield." Memoirs, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.10, 1911. 68. Whitelaw, O. A. L., "Some mines at Wedderburn. " Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.II, Part 4, 1908, 134-135. 69. Whitelaw, 0. A. L., "The La Mascotte mine, Wedderburn." Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.II, Part 4, 1908, 135-137. 70. Whitelaw, 0. A. L. , "Mount Douglas molybdenite mine, Korong Vale." Records, Geological Survey of Victoria, vol.IV, Part 4, 1925, 430-431. Bibliography ctd.
71. Reports of the Mining Surveyors an_d Registrars, Department of Mines. Victoria, 1859-1883; The Goldfields of Victoria, Reports of the Mining Registrars, Department of Mines, Victot"ia, 1884-1889; Reports and Statistics of the Mining Department, Victoria, 1890-1891. 72. Goldfields Statistics, Department of Mines, Victoria, 1860-1863; Mineral Statistics of Victoria, 1864-1888. 73. Annual Report of the Secretary for Mines and Water Supply, Victoria, 1884- 1964. 74. Progress Reports of the Geological Survey, Victoria, 1874-1884; Progress Reports, Geological Survey of Victoria, Department of Mines, Victoria. 1894-1899; Monthly Progress Reports. Geological Survey of Victoria. Department of Mines, Victoria, 1899-1900. l 1. l . I. 1. I ANNEX 4: PHOTOGRAPHS OF SOME OF THE SIGNIFICANT MINING SITES
Note 1: It is difficult to do justice to an extensive mining site with even a few single frame photographs taken in whatever circumstances happen to obtain when the site is visited. ln many cases the lighting was far from ideal so that contrasts are sometimes excessive and details are lost under a zebra-like camouflage of shadows. Where it has been possible to do so, photographs have been taken of s i gnificant features of the site, as well as more general photographs of representative sections . In many such cases it has to be taken for granted that simi lar features extend beyond the frame of the photograph. The only way it might have been possible to properly photograph such sites would have been from the air, with all vegetation carefully stripped away; something which was a little beyond present possibilities.
Note 2: The photographs are grouped according to the principal type of mining activity which they display. in this order: 1. Alluvial mining 1.1 shallow alluvial mining 1.11 tub and cradle working 1.12 puddling machine site s 1.13 hydraulic sluicing 1.14 cement hills l.15 surface lead workings 1.2 deep lead mining 2. Quartz mining 2.1 shallow reef workings 2.2 company mining 2.3 machinery sites
Note 3: The photographs are numbered consecutively. The numbers in square brackets are those contained in the separate index to photographs. Bearings with respect to local magnetic north define the relationship of the camera to the field of view. Site numbers, corresponding to those given in the Summary, are enclosed in round brackets. ~hotograph 1: Berlin Flat (223). A view over Catto's Paddock towards a group of shallow alluvial workings in trees from a position just north of a dam on the north branch of Kangde r aar Creek; bearing 295 (98].
r
r
Photograph 2 : Tyler's Flat (229). Moderately deep workings which extend north of the Inglewood-Rheola Road and west of the creek; bearing 355 [81].
L L
f
Photograph 3: Tyler's Flat (229). Shallow workings south of the Inglewood-Rheola Roa
Photograph 4: John' s Paddock (218). Shallow alluvial workings at the bottom end of the gully and to the north of the hydraulic slui c ing area; bearing 300 [106].
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Photograph 5: Extension of a line of shallow alluvial workings (177) to the west. of the Bealiba-Wehla Road; bearing 175 [88).
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Photograph 6: Wellington Gully (301). Shallow all uvial workings along the middle section r of t he gully; bearing 260 ( 211 ] . r
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Photograph· 7 : Sha l low a l luvial workings (115) at the bott om end of a gully to the east of the main road south from Wedderburn; bearing 180 [221].
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: 1 . ; :Photograph 8: Sailor's Gully ( 41). Shallow alluvial workings west of the Fernihurst- j Boort Road near the junction with two cross gullies bearing 277 [133).
Photograph 9: No . 1 Gully (252). Alluvial workings at the bottom of the gully and just north of the Wedderburn-Dunolly Road; bearing 325 [71].
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Photograph 10: Fenton's Diggings (140). View across to shallow workings amongst trees: !. bearing 198 [120). I, '·
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------Photograph 11: Old Inglewood Lead (300}. A view along a line. of five puddling machine sites just to the east of the Kurting-Boort Road; bearing 060 (31]. l ..
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Photograph 12: Pretty's Gully (318). Puddling machine site with the storage dam in the background; bearing 280 (181 ) .
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Photograph 13: Jacksons Gully (337) . • View ac ross the puddling machine site to the • storage dam beyond; bearing 280 [153]. l l
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Photograph 14: Pretty's Gully (318). Area of shallow surface sluic ing west of the dam and north of the line of reef workings [187). L
Photograph 15: John's Paddock (218). The remains of hydraulic sluicing at the bottom end of Clelland's Gully; bearing 125 [103]. l l .,
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Photograph 16: Humbug Hills (244). View along the middle line of workings; bearing 245 [75]. ...'
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.... -':' .'.I~ Photograph 18: Old Inglewood Lead (300). General view of a l luvial workings to the east of the Kurting - Powlett Road ; bearing 125 [34].
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... ,, .,. i' Photograph 19: American Reef (279). View down along the line of workings at the southern end of the reef; bearing 155 [8].
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Photograph 20 : Matrix Reef (251). View along the cutting towards the entrance to the lower adit (now collapsed) and across a possible battery site to the mullock dump be l ow the middle working level; bearing 000 [63 ].
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:Photograph 21: Matrix Reef (251). View along the open reef workings towards the entrance I of the upper adit (now collapsed}; bearing 340 [60].
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Photograph 22: Union Reef (196). Open stopes at the southern end of the--reef; bearing 026 [225].
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Photograph 23: Honeymoon Reef (324). Open stopes and dry stone walling; bearing 139 I [232].
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Photograph 24: Welcome Reef (331). Open cut working at the southern end of the hill; bearing 034 (140). L "' ·-. '._
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Photograph 25: Welcome Reef (331). Timbered open stope on the top of the hill [143].
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Photograph 26: Prince of Wales Reef (165). View of the northe rn end of the open stope. The old engine shaft is to the right, and the battery site is just beyond ~~~~~~~~t_h_e~t_w_o~s_ma~l_l~m_o_u_n_d_s~o_f~m_u_l_l_o_c_k_;~b-e_a_r_i_n_g~0-3_0~[_4_3_]_·~~~~~~~~~~~~-'1 l :... ..
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Photograph 27: Prince of Wales Reef (165). View along the open stopes towards the southe rn end; b earing 155 [44].
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Photograph 28 : Nine Mile (139). Front elevation of the battery sfte with the foundations l. for the battery engine and the b oiler to t he left; bearing 145 (124].
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Photograph 31: Morning Star Reef (283). View across gas producer plant to the concrete foundations of the suction gas engine and the stamp battery; bearing 110 {17].
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