Pseudechiniscus in Japan: Re-Description of Pseudechiniscus Asper
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A New Addition to the Tardigrada of Iceland with an Updated Checklist of Icelandic Species (Eohypsibiidae, Eutardigrada)
University of Plymouth PEARL https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk 01 University of Plymouth Research Outputs University of Plymouth Research Outputs 1996-11-01 Amphibolous weglarskae Dastych, a new addition to the Tardigrada of Iceland with an updated checklist of Icelandic species (Eohypsibiidae, Eutardigrada). Marley, NJ http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/12098 Quekett Journal of Microscopy All content in PEARL is protected by copyright law. Author manuscripts are made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the details provided on the item record or document. In the absence of an open licence (e.g. Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher or author. Quekett Journal of Microscopy, 1996, 37, 541-545 541 Amphibolus weglarskae (Dastych), a new addition to the Tardigrada of Iceland with an updated checklist of Icelandic species. (Eohypsibiidae, Eutardigrada) N. J. MARLEY & D. E. WRIGHT Department of Biological Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon, PL4 8AA, England. Summary slides in the Morgan collection held at the During the examination of the extensive Tardigrada National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh. collections held at the Royal Museums of Scotland, Due to the very sparse number of records specimens and sculptured eggs belonging to Amphibolus available on the Tardigrada from Iceland it weglarskae (Dastych) were identified in the Morgan was considered a significant find. An updated Icelandic collection. This species had not previously taxonomic checklist to Iceland's tardigrada been reported from Iceland. A checklist of Icelandic species has been included because of the Tardigrada species is also provided. -
Tardigrade Reproduction and Food
Glime, J. M. 2017. Tardigrade Reproduction and Food. Chapt. 5-2. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 2. Bryological 5-2-1 Interaction. Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Last updated 18 July 2020 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology2/>. CHAPTER 5-2 TARDIGRADE REPRODUCTION AND FOOD TABLE OF CONTENTS Life Cycle and Reproductive Strategies .............................................................................................................. 5-2-2 Reproductive Strategies and Habitat ............................................................................................................ 5-2-3 Eggs ............................................................................................................................................................. 5-2-3 Molting ......................................................................................................................................................... 5-2-7 Cyclomorphosis ........................................................................................................................................... 5-2-7 Bryophytes as Food Reservoirs ........................................................................................................................... 5-2-8 Role in Food Web ...................................................................................................................................... 5-2-12 Summary .......................................................................................................................................................... -
Two New Species of Tardigrada from the Canadian Subarctic with Some
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg Jahr/Year: 1984 Band/Volume: 8 Autor(en)/Author(s): Dastych Hieronymus Artikel/Article: Two new species of Tardigrada from the Canadian Subarctic with some notes on sexual dimorphism in the family Echiniscidae 319-334 ©Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, www.zobodat.at Entomol. Mitt. zool. Mus. Hamburg Bd. 8 (1987) Nr. 129 Two new species of Tardigrada from the Canadian Subarctic with some notes on sexual dimorphism in the family Echiniscidae H ieronim D astych (With 15 figures) Abstract Two new terrestrial water-bears, Pseudechiniscus alberti sp. n. (Heterotardigrada) and Diphascon behanae sp. n. (Eutardigrada) are described from mosses collected in the Canadian Subarctic (Ogilvie Mtns). The latter species also occurs in West Spitsbergen. Until recently males were unknown in the genus Echiniscus, which was thought to be a purely parthenogenetic taxon. The description and illustration of a male Pseudechiniscus alberti sp. n. is given and the presence of males in four species of the genus Echiniscus is reported and discussed. Introduction The vast areas of Arctic and Subarctic zones in North America are very poorly studied with respect to the tardi grade fauna, despite the fact that the role of these animals in polar ecosystems is much greater than commonly judged. Very little has been published about tardigrades of this region (MATHEWS 1938, SCHUSTER & GRIGARICK 1965, DASTYCH 1982, MEININGER & NELSON in press, WEGLARSKA 1970, WEGLARSKA & KUC 1980) and only the papers of WEGLARSKA are devoted to the Canadian Arctic. -
A Checklist of Norwegian Tardigrada
Fauna norvegica 2017 Vol. 37: 25-42. A checklist of Norwegian Tardigrada Terje Meier1 Meier T. 2017. A checklist of Norwegian Tardigrada. Fauna norvegica 37: 25-42. Animals of the phylum Tardigrada are microscopical metazoans that seldom exceed 1 mm in length. They are recorded from terrestrial, limnic and marine habitats and they have a distribution from Arctic to Antarctica. Tardigrades are also named ‘water bears’ referring to their ‘walk’ that resembles a bear’s gait. Knowledge of Norwegian tardigrades is fragmented and distributed across numerous sources. Here this information is gathered and validity of some records is discussed. In total 146 different species are recorded from the Norwegian mainland and Svalbard. Among these, 121 species and subspecies are recorded in previous publications and another 25 species are recorded from Norway for the first time. doi: 10.5324/fn.v37i0.2269. Received: 2017-05-22. Accepted: 2017-12-06. Published online: 2017-12.20. ISSN: 1891-5396 (electronic). Keywords: Tardigrada, Norway, Svalbard, checklist, taxonomy, literature, biodiversity, new records 1. Prinsdalsfaret 20, NO-1262 Oslo, Norway. Corresponding author: Terje Meier E-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION terminating in claws or sucking disks. The first three pairs of legs are directed ventrolaterally and are used to moving over the The phylum Tardigrada (water bears) currently holds about substrate. The hind legs are directed posteriorly and are used for 1250 valid species and subspecies (Degma et al. 2007, Degma grasping. Adult Tardigrades usually range from 250 µm to 700 et al. 2017) and are found in a great variety of habitats. They µm in length. -
The Wonders of Mauritius
Evolutionary Systematics. 5 2021, 93–120 | DOI 10.3897/evolsyst.5.59997 Echiniscidae in the Mascarenes: the wonders of Mauritius Yevgen Kiosya1, Katarzyna Vončina2, Piotr Gąsiorek2 1 School of Biology, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody Sq. 4, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine 2 Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland http://zoobank.org/22050C34-40A5-4B7A-9969-222AE927D6AA Corresponding author: Piotr Gąsiorek ([email protected]) Academic editor: A. Schmidt-Rhaesa ♦ Received 24 October 2020 ♦ Accepted 7 December 2020 ♦ Published 9 April 2021 Abstract Many regions of the world remain unexplored in terms of the tardigrade diversity, and the islands of the Indian Ocean are no excep- tion. In this work, we report four species of the family Echiniscidae representing three genera from Mauritius, the second largest is- land in the Mascarene Archipelago. Two species belong in the genus Echiniscus: Echiniscus perarmatus Murray, 1907, a pantropical species, and one new species: Echiniscus insularis sp. nov., one of the smallest members of the spinulosus group and the entire genus, being particularly interesting due to the presence of males and supernumerary teeth-like spicules along the margins of the dorsal plates. The new species most closely resembles Echiniscus tropicalis Binda & Pilato, 1995, for which we present extensive mul- tipopulation data and greatly extend its distribution eastwards towards islands of Southeast Asia. Pseudechiniscus (Meridioniscus) mascarenensis sp. nov. is a typical member of the subgenus with elongated (dactyloid) cephalic papillae and the pseudosegmental plate IV’ with reduced posterior projections in males. Finally, a Bryodelphax specimen is also recorded. -
Distribution and Diversity of Tardigrada Along Altitudinal Gradients in the Hornsund, Spitsbergen
RESEARCH/REVIEW ARTICLE Distribution and diversity of Tardigrada along altitudinal gradients in the Hornsund, Spitsbergen (Arctic) Krzysztof Zawierucha,1 Jerzy Smykla,2,3 Łukasz Michalczyk,4 Bartłomiej Gołdyn5,6 & Łukasz Kaczmarek1,6 1 Department of Animal Taxonomy and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan´ , Umultowska 89, PL-61-614 Poznan´ , Poland 2 Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, PL-31-120 Krako´ w, Poland 3 Present address: Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, 601 S. College Rd., Wilmington, NC 28403, USA 4 Department of Entomology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, PL-30-387 Krako´ w, Poland 5 Department of General Zoology, Faculty of Biology, A. Mickiewicz University in Poznan´ , Umultowska 89, PL-61-614 Poznan´ , Poland 6 Laboratorio de Ecologı´a Natural y Aplicada de Invertebrados, Universidad Estatal Amazo´ nica, Puyo, Ecuador Keywords Abstract Arctic; biodiversity; climate change; invertebrate ecology; Milnesium; Two transects were established and sampled along altitudinal gradients on the Tardigrada. slopes of Ariekammen (77801?N; 15831?E) and Rotjesfjellet (77800?N; 15822?E) in Hornsund, Spitsbergen. In total 59 moss, lichen, liverwort and mixed mossÁ Correspondence lichen samples were collected and 33 tardigrade species of Hetero- and Krzysztof Zawierucha, Department of Eutardigrada were found. The a diversity ranged from 1 to 8 per sample; the Animal Taxonomy and Ecology, Faculty of estimated number of species based on all analysed samples was 52917 for the Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Chao 2 estimator and 41 for the incidence-based coverage estimator. -
Tardigrada, Heterotardigrada)
bs_bs_banner Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013. With 6 figures Congruence between molecular phylogeny and cuticular design in Echiniscoidea (Tardigrada, Heterotardigrada) NOEMÍ GUIL1*, ASLAK JØRGENSEN2, GONZALO GIRIBET FLS3 and REINHARDT MØBJERG KRISTENSEN2 1Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales de Madrid (CSIC), José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain 2Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen, Denmark 3Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Received 21 November 2012; revised 2 September 2013; accepted for publication 9 September 2013 Although morphological characters distinguishing echiniscid genera and species are well understood, the phylogenetic relationships of these taxa are not well established. We thus investigated the phylogeny of Echiniscidae, assessed the monophyly of Echiniscus, and explored the value of cuticular ornamentation as a phylogenetic character within Echiniscus. To do this, DNA was extracted from single individuals for multiple Echiniscus species, and 18S and 28S rRNA gene fragments were sequenced. Each specimen was photographed, and published in an open database prior to DNA extraction, to make morphological evidence available for future inquiries. An updated phylogeny of the class Heterotardigrada is provided, and conflict between the obtained molecular trees and the distribution of dorsal plates among echiniscid genera is highlighted. The monophyly of Echiniscus was corroborated by the data, with the recent genus Diploechiniscus inferred as its sister group, and Testechiniscus as the sister group of this assemblage. Three groups that closely correspond to specific types of cuticular design in Echiniscus have been found with a parsimony network constructed with 18S rRNA data. -
Tardigrades: an Imaging Approach, a Record of Occurrence, and A
TARDIGRADES: AN IMAGING APPROACH, A RECORD OF OCCURRENCE, AND A BIODIVERSITY INVENTORY By STEVEN LOUIS SCHULZE A thesis submitted to the Graduate School-Camden Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Science Graduate Program in Biology Written under the direction of Dr. John Dighton And approved by ____________________________ Dr. John Dighton ____________________________ Dr. William Saidel ____________________________ Dr. Emma Perry ____________________________ Dr. Jennifer Oberle Camden, New Jersey May 2020 THESIS ABSTRACT Tardigrades: An Imaging Approach, A Record of Occurrence, and a Biodiversity Inventory by STEVEN LOUIS SCHULZE Thesis Director: Dr. John Dighton Three unrelated studies that address several aspects of the biology of tardigrades— morphology, records of occurrence, and local biodiversity—are herein described. Chapter 1 is a collaborative effort and meant to provide supplementary scanning electron micrographs for a forthcoming description of a genus of tardigrade. Three micrographs illustrate the structures that will be used to distinguish this genus from its confamilials. An In toto lateral view presents the external structures relative to one another. A second micrograph shows a dentate collar at the distal end of each of the fourth pair of legs, a posterior sensory organ (cirrus E), basal spurs at the base of two of four claws on each leg, and a ventral plate. The third micrograph illustrates an appendage on the second leg (p2) of the animal and a lateral appendage (C′) at the posterior sinistral margin of the first paired plate (II). This image also reveals patterning on the plate margin and the leg. -
A Molecular Study of the Tardigrade Echiniscus Testudo (Echiniscidae) Reveals Low DNA Sequence Diversity Over a Large Geographical Area
G. Pilato and L. Rebecchi (Guest Editors) Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Tardigrada J. Limnol., 66(Suppl. 1): 77-83, 2007 A molecular study of the tardigrade Echiniscus testudo (Echiniscidae) reveals low DNA sequence diversity over a large geographical area Aslak JØRGENSEN*, Nadja MØBJERG1) and Reinhardt M. KRISTENSEN2) The Mandahl-Barth Centre for Biodiversity and Health, DBL – Centre for Health Research and Development, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jægersborg Allé 1D, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark 1)Institute of Molecular Biology, The August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark 2)The Zoological Museum, The Natural History Museum, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark *e-mail corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT In the present study we investigate the genetic diversity within the asexually reproducing tardigrade Echiniscus testudo. The present study is the first to sample a tardigrade species for comparison of DNA sequence diversity between widely separated samples. Echiniscus testudo was sampled at 13 localities spanning three continents. DNA sequences of the mitochondrial COI gene and the nuclear ITS2 sequence were used to investigate the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of the various asexual lineages. Terrestrial tardigrades with the capability of entering a cryptobiotic state are assumed to have a high passive dispersal potential through airborne transport. Our results show moderate (ITS2) to high (COI) haplotype diversity and low sequence diversity that indicate evolution of haplotypes within distinct asexual lineages and a high dispersal potential. No isolation by distance was detected by Mantel tests. -
Contribution to the Knowledge on Distribution of Tardigrada in Turkey
diversity Article Contribution to the Knowledge on Distribution of Tardigrada in Turkey Duygu Berdi * and Ahmet Altında˘g Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 28 December 2019; Accepted: 4 March 2020; Published: 6 March 2020 Abstract: Tardigrades have been occasionally studied in Turkey since 1973. However, species number and distribution remain poorly known. In this study, distribution of Tardigrades in the province of Karabük, which is located in northern coast (West Black Sea Region) of Turkey, was carried out. Two moss samples were collected from the entrance of the Bulak (Mencilis) Cave. A total of 30 specimens and 14 eggs were extracted. Among the specimens; Echiniscus granulatus (Doyère, 1840) and Diaforobiotus islandicus islandicus (Richters, 1904) are new records for Karabük. Furthermore, this study also provides a current checklist of tardigrade species reported from Turkey, indicating their localities, geographic distribution and taxonomical comments. Keywords: cave; Diaforobiotus islandicus islandicus; Echiniscus granulatus; Karabük; Tardigrades; Turkey 1. Introduction Caves are not only one of the most important forms of karst, but also one of the most unique forms of karst topography in terms of both size and formation characteristics, which are formed by mechanical melting and partly chemical erosion of water [1]. Most of the caves in Turkey were developed within the Cretaceous and Tertiary limestone, metamorphic limestone [2], and up to now ca. 40 000 karst caves have been recorded in Turkey. Although, most of these caves are found in the karstic plateaus zone in the Toros System, important caves, such as Kızılelma, Sofular, Gökgöl and Mencilis, have also formed in the Western Black Sea [3]. -
Global Diversity of Tardigrades (Tardigrada) in Freshwater
Hydrobiologia (2008) 595:101–106 DOI 10.1007/s10750-007-9123-0 FRESHWATER ANIMAL DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT Global diversity of tardigrades (Tardigrada) in freshwater James R. Garey Æ Sandra J. McInnes Æ P. Brent Nichols Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007 Abstract Tardigrada is a phylum closely allied with Keywords Tardigrada Á Biogeography Á the arthropods. They are usually less than 0.5 mm in Phylogeny Á Distribution Á Diversity length, have four pairs of lobe-like legs and are either carnivorous or feed on plant material. Most of the 900+ described tardigrade species are limnoterrestrial Introduction and live in the thin film of water on the surface of moss, lichens, algae, and other plants and depend on Tardigrada is a phylum allied with arthropods. water to remain active and complete their life cycle. Tardigrades are generally less than 0.5 mm in size, In this review of 910 tardigrade species, only 62 bilaterally symmetrical, and have four pairs of legs. species representing13 genera are truly aquatic and Their biology has been reviewed by Kinchin (1994), not found in limnoterrestrial habitats although many Nelson & Marley (2000), and Nelson (2002). other genera contain limnoterrestrial species occa- Tardigrades are found in freshwater habitats, terres- sionally found in freshwater. trial environments, and marine sediments. The tardigrades living in terrestrial environments are the most well-known, where they live in the thin film of water found on mosses, lichens, algae, other plants, leaf litter, and in the soil and are active when Guest editors: E.V. Balian, C. Le´veˆque, H. Segers & at least a thin film of water is present on the K. -
New Records for Tardigrada Species from the High Mountain Region in Turkey (Mount Verçenik, Rize)
LIMNOFISH-Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research 6(1): 30-37 (2020) New Records for Tardigrada Species from the High Mountain Region in Turkey (Mount Verçenik, Rize) Çağrı TEKATLI1* Duygu BERDİ2 Şeyda FIKIRDEŞICI ERGEN2 Pınar GÜRBÜZER3 Ahmet ALTINDAĞ 2 1Department of Biology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. 2Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey 3Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey ABSTRACT ARTICLE INFO Phylum Tardigrada, which has been quite a little studied both around the world RESEARCH ARTICLE and Turkey, belongs to members of a metazoan. In this study eight moss and lichen samples were collected and investigated from a variety of elevations of the Received : 02.04.2019 Verçenik Mountain in Rize (Turkey). In total 62 specimens, 11 exivium and 10 Revised : 09.07.2019 eggs of tardigrades were found. Five species were identified, and they belong to genera: Acanthechiniscus, Pseudechiniscus, Macrobiotus, Paramacrobiotus and, Accepted : 20.07.2019 Ramazzottius. Three of them are new records for Turkish fauna i.e. Published : 25.04.2020 Acanthechiniscus victor (Ehrenberg, 1853), Pseudechiniscus ramazzottii ramazzottii Maucci, 1952 and Macrobiotus spectabilis Thulin, 1928. Including DOI:10.17216/LimnoFish.548238 these three species, the tardigrade fauna of Turkey increased to 54. In this paper, we present the previous study a full list of the known high mountain and alpine * CORRESPONDING AUTHOR tardigrade species with their localities. All specimens are deposited in the Aquatic [email protected] Animals Research Laboratory at Ankara University. Keywords: Acanthechiniscus victor, Alpine, fauna, Macrobiotus spectabilis, Pseudechiniscus ramazzottii ramazzottii Türkiye'nin Yüksek Dağ Bölgesinden Tardigrada Türleri için Yeni Kayıtlar (Verçenik Dağı, Rize) Öz: Dünyada ve Türkiye’de çok az çalışılmış olan Tardigrada filumu, metazoa üyelerine aittir.