Unusual Suspects
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Constraints on the Timescale of Animal Evolutionary History
Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Constraints on the timescale of animal evolutionary history Michael J. Benton, Philip C.J. Donoghue, Robert J. Asher, Matt Friedman, Thomas J. Near, and Jakob Vinther ABSTRACT Dating the tree of life is a core endeavor in evolutionary biology. Rates of evolution are fundamental to nearly every evolutionary model and process. Rates need dates. There is much debate on the most appropriate and reasonable ways in which to date the tree of life, and recent work has highlighted some confusions and complexities that can be avoided. Whether phylogenetic trees are dated after they have been estab- lished, or as part of the process of tree finding, practitioners need to know which cali- brations to use. We emphasize the importance of identifying crown (not stem) fossils, levels of confidence in their attribution to the crown, current chronostratigraphic preci- sion, the primacy of the host geological formation and asymmetric confidence intervals. Here we present calibrations for 88 key nodes across the phylogeny of animals, rang- ing from the root of Metazoa to the last common ancestor of Homo sapiens. Close attention to detail is constantly required: for example, the classic bird-mammal date (base of crown Amniota) has often been given as 310-315 Ma; the 2014 international time scale indicates a minimum age of 318 Ma. Michael J. Benton. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Philip C.J. Donoghue. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Robert J. -
Authority and Control in the Interior of Asia Minor, Seventh–Ninth Centuries
chapter 4 Authority and Control in the Interior of Asia Minor, Seventh–Ninth Centuries James Howard-Johnston 1 Asia Minor and the Onset of the War for Survival: Cities, Villages and Fortresses Byzantium cannot be demarcated clearly from its greater, antecedent, imperial self. The name is a term of art, used to pick out the most Roman of the Roman successor states. Continuity being so marked in terms of constitution, institu- tions (notably those which sustained a traditional fiscal prowess), infrastruc- ture and, not least, culture and religion, the east Roman empire simply shades into a reduced but still ideologically potent early medieval state. But change was forced upon it from without, by successive defeats at the hands of Mus- lims, by successive losses of territory to the Muslim umma. At the beginning of the eighth century, the authority of east Roman emperors was confined to a well-defended but exposed capital city, enclaves in the far west (Sicily, south- ern Italy and the exarchate of Ravenna) and north-east (part of the Crimea and the western Caucasus), tracts in the western, southern and south-eastern Balkans (often under no more than nominal Roman control), the islands of the Aegean, and one substantial, defensible land-mass, Asia Minor. Asia Minor became the heartland of the rump-empire from the 640s, its most important resource-base, the great eastern bulwark of Constantinople. Explanations for the extraordinary resilience shown by Byzantium in its 200-year-long battle for survival and the success ultimately achieved have to be sought as much in the evolving structures, social, economic, administrative, of Asia Minor as in poli- cies formulated at the centre and the ideology which underpinned the will to fight on.1 1 This paper represents views developed over many years of reading and teaching. -
Ecclesia V1 Ecclesia 18 November 2009 00:54 Page 1
Ecclesia v1_Ecclesia 18 November 2009 00:54 Page 1 ECCLESIA. Ecclesia v1_Ecclesia 18 November 2009 00:54 Page 2 Ecclesia v1_Ecclesia 18 November 2009 00:54 Page 1 ECCLESIA. EDITED BY HENRY ROBERT REYNOLDS, D.D. Quinta Press Ecclesia v1_Ecclesia 18 November 2009 00:54 Page 2 Quinta Press, Meadow View, Weston Rhyn, Oswestry, Shropshire, England, SY10 7RN The format of these volume is copyright © 2009 Quinta Press For proof-reading purposes the line breaks are in the same place as the original, hence the stretched text Ecclesia v1_Ecclesia 18 November 2009 00:54 Page 3 ECCLESIA. ECCLESIA: Church Problems Considered, IN A SERIES OF ESSAYS. EDITED BY HENRY ROBERT REYNOLDS, D.D., PRESIDENT OF CHESHUNT COLLEGE; FELLOW OF UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON. London; HODDER AND STOUGHTON, 27, PATERNOSTER ROW. MDCCCLXX. Ecclesia v1_Ecclesia 18 November 2009 00:54 Page 4 4 ecclesia ADVERTISEMENT. THE principles of self-government, and of personal and congregational freedom, are asserting themselves with great force through the entire ecclesiastical sphere. Reverence for conscience is widely associated with the craving for truth. Those who have enjoyed any special opportunities for acquiring knowledge, or whose opinions on controverted questions represent a peculiar phase of our national life, are encouraged to speak freely. The present is not, therefore, an inappropriate time for writers who have long been practically acquainted with the excellencies and aims of a considerable section of the Free Churches of Britain, to give combined utterance to some of the theological, ecclesiastical, and political principles, which are more or less embodied in these organizations. The following Essays have been written independently of each other. -
Inactive Voters
Public Notices Public Notices Public Notices Public Notices Public Notices Public Notices Public Notices Public Notices Public Notices Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous INACTIVE VOTERS Dr #103 Gaines, Keri Fry, 706 Daniels St Lobianco II, Anthony Paul, 12830 Singleton, Robert Tanner, 5959 Achee, David Louis, 10062 Jefferson EAST BATON ROUGE Bryson, Mrs Esther S, 1505 Debra Dr Garrett, Skylar Janae, 303 Sandra Dr Talmadge Crumholt Rd Bentley Dr Hwy #C Buhler, Christopher, 12120 Blackwater Gautreaux, Benjamin E Wallace, Lockhart, Ola P, 12565 Wedgewood Dr Smallwood, William Oneal, 4911 Achee, Juanita W, 13204 Avants Ave PARISH Rd 10775 Welcome Heights Dr Lollis, Jacquelyn Denise, 4801 Groom Rd Achee, Lindsay Devillier, 10062 Jeffer- Buhler, Dana Richard, 12120 Black- Gautreaux, Johnny Logan, 10775 Sprucewood Ct Smith, Anna H, 4535 Groom Rd son Hwy #C LOUISIANA SECRETARY water Rd Welcome Heights Dr Long, Rose M, 3333 Wingfield Ave Smith, Cheekeana Cybrielle, 3542 Achee, Stephen Thomas, 13204 Bureau Jr, Joshua Matthew, 4331 Gautreaux, Stepanie Garrett, 10775 Luzena, Verl E, 8924 Waters Edge Ave Grant St Avants Ave OF STATE Amerest Ave Welcome Heights Dr Lyons, Floyd, 6533 Lebrent Ave Smith, Cornella J, 3542 Grant St Achord, Betty Jo, 17111 N Achord Rd R. KYLE ARDOIN Burke, Kendra Rene, 7123 Jupiter Dr Gentry Jr, Glen T, 15020 Brown Rd Magee II, Martan Juan, 2256 N Smith, Dwayne Ray, 2604 South St Achord, Bradley Wayne, 13675 Burke, Michael Jermaine, -
A Brief History of Ancient Greece: Politics, Society, and Culture
A Brief History of Ancient Greece: Politics, Society, and Culture Sarah B. Pomeroy, et al. OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS A BRIEF HISTORY OF ANCIENT GREECE This page intentionally left blank TITLE PAGE A BRIEF HISTORY OF ANCIENT GREECE Politics, Society, and Culture Sarah B. Pomeroy Stanley M. Burstein Hunter College and California State University, the City University of New York Los Angeles Graduate Center Walter Donlan Jennifer Tolbert Roberts University of City College and California, Irvine the City University of New York Graduate Center New York • Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2004 Oxford University Press Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi São Paulo Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto Copyright © 2004 by Sarah B. Pomeroy, Stanley M. Burstein, Walter Donlan, and Jennifer Tolbert Roberts Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A brief history of ancient Greece : politics, society, and culture / by Sarah B. Pomeroy . [et al.]. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-19-515680-3 — ISBN 0-19-515681-1 (pbk.) 1. Greece—History—To 146 B.C. I. Pomeroy, Sarah B. DF214.B74 2004 938’.09—dc22 2003060873 Printing (last digit): 987654321 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper For Our Children and Grandchildren This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS List of Maps xi Acknowledgments xii Preface xiii Time Line xv Introduction 1 I Early Greece and the Bronze Age 12 Greece in the Stone Ages 12 Greece in the Early and Middle Bronze Ages (c. -
List of Participants
United Nations E/CN.7/2021/INF/2 Economic and Social Council Distr.: Limited 4 May 2021 Original: English Commission on Narcotic Drugs Sixty-fourth session Vienna, 12 - 16 April 2021 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS MEMBERS OF THE COMMISSION ON NARCOTIC DRUGS AFGHANISTAN Abdul Sami POPALZAI, Director General Operations, Ministry of Interior Affairs, Head of Delegation Manizha BAKHTARI, Ambassador, Permanent Representative, Permanent Mission to the United Nations, Vienna Fazull Mahmood RAHEMEE PAJWAK, Counsellor, Permanent Mission to the United Nations, Vienna Khalid NABIZADA, Head of Forensic Laboratories, Ministry of Interior Affairs Mahmoodullah JAMAY, Director, Remote Sensing, National Statistics and Information Authority Isabella NERI, Attaché, Permanent Mission to the United Nations, Vienna ALGERIA Faouzia MEBARKI, Ambassador, Permanent Representative, Permanent Mission to the United Nations, Vienna Mohamed CHAKALI, Deputy Director, Mental Health Promotion, Ministry of Health Mohamed BENCHIHEUB, Colonel, National Gendarmerie Command Djamel GUESSOUM, Divisional Police Commissioner, Head, Central Service for the Fight against Illicit Drug Trafficking, General Directorate of National Security Ahcen SAHTOUT, Alternate Permanent Representative, Permanent Mission to the United Nations Mokhtar NAOUN, Alternate Permanent Representative, Permanent Mission to the United Nations Ghezala KHAIR, National Office for Drugs and Drug Addiction Amina BOUTAIBA, Head of Office, Ministry of Foreign Affairs E/CN.7/2021/INF/2 ANGOLA Teodolinda Rosa RODRIGUES COELHO, -
The Armenian Genocide and America's Outcry
The Armenian Genocide and America's Outcry A compilation of U.S. documents 1890-1923 comment © Armenian Assembly of America, 1985. 0Wo Congressional Action and National Party Platforms from The Armenian Genocide and America's Outcry. © Armenian Assembly of America, 1985. PPE STATUTES AT LARGE tus _ or UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, FROM DECEMBER, 1895, TO MARCH, 1897, AND RECENT TREATIES, CONVENTIONS, AND EXECUTIVE PROCLAMATIONS, wiTe AN APPENDIX CONTAINING THE CONCURRENT RESOLUTIONS OF THE TWO HOUSES OF CONGRESS, EDITED, PRINTED, AND PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY OF CONGRESS, UNDER THE DIRECTION OP \ THE SECRETARY OF STATE. ) YOL. XXIX. WASHINGTON : GOVERNMENT PRINTING O¥F1CE. 1891. from The Armenian Genocide and America's Outcry. © Armenian Assembly of America, 1985. APPENDIX-CONCURRENT RESOLUTIONS OF CONGRESS. 7 ARMENIAN OUTRAGES. Whereas the supplementary treaty of Berlin of July thirteenth» January 2,18. eighteen hundred and seventy eight, between the Ottoman Empire and PFreamnic. Great Britain, Germany, Austria, France, Italy, and Russia, contains the following provisions: . «LXI. «"The Sublime Porte undertakes to carry out without further delay the ameliorations and reforms demanded by locat requirements in the provinces inhabited by the Armeuians, and to guarantee their security against the Circassians and Kurds. L «"It will periodically make known the steps taken to this effect to the Powers, and will superintend their application." «LXII «© The Sublime Porte having expressed the wish to maintain the prin- ciple of religious liberty, to give it the widest scope, the contracting parties take note of this spontaneous declaration. "In no part of the Ottoman Empire shall difference of religion be alleged against an individual as a ground for exclusion or incapacity as regards the discharge of civil and political rights, admission to the public service, functions, and honors, and the exercise of the different professious and industries. -
Spring 2015 Commencement Program
TE TA UN S E ST TH AT I F E V A O O E L F A DITAT DEUS N A E R R S I O Z T S O A N Z E I A R I T G R Y A 1912 1885 ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY COMMENCEMENT AND CONVOCATION PROGRAM Spring 2015 May 11–16, 2015 THE NATIONAL ANTHEM THE STAR SPANGLED BANNER O say can you see, by the dawn’s early light, What so proudly we hailed at the twilight’s last gleaming? Whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight O’er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming? And the rockets’ red glare, the bombs bursting in air Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. O say does that Star-Spangled Banner yet wave O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave? ALMA MATER ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY Where the bold saguaros Raise their arms on high, Praying strength for brave tomorrows From the western sky; Where eternal mountains Kneel at sunset’s gate, Here we hail thee, Alma Mater, Arizona State. —Hopkins-Dresskell MAROON AND GOLD Fight, Devils down the field Fight with your might and don’t ever yield Long may our colors outshine all others Echo from the buttes, Give em’ hell Devils! Cheer, cheer for A-S-U! Fight for the old Maroon For it’s Hail! Hail! The gang’s all here And it’s onward to victory! Students whose names appear in this program have completed degree requirements. -
Office of Court Administration Texas Judicial Council
OFFICE OF COURT ADMINISTRATION TEXAS JUDICIAL COUNCIL OFFICIAL JUSTICE COURT MONTHLY REPORT Month November Year 2020 County Harris Pct. 2 Place 2 Judge George E Risner If new, date assumed office Court Mailing Address 101 S. Richey, Suite B City Pasadena , TX Zip 77506 Phone Number 7132746100 Fax Number 7134374346 Court's Public Email Court's Website THE ATTACHED IS A TRUE AND ACCURATE REFLECTION OF THE RECORDS OF THIS COURT. Prepared by Odyssey Case Manager Date 12/16/2020 Phone Number 713-274-6100 PLEASE RETURN THIS FORM NO LATER THAN 20 DAYS FOLLOWING THE END OF THE MONTH REPORTED TO: OFFICE OF COURT ADMINISTRATION P O BOX 12066 AUSTIN, TX 78711-2066 PHONE: (512) 463-1625 FAX: (512) 936-2423 CRIMINAL SECTION Court Precinct 2, Place 2 Traffic Misdemeanors Non-Traffic Misdemeanors County Other State County Month Year November 2020 Non-Parking Parking Ordinance Penal Code Law Ordinance 1. Total Cases Pending First of Month: 4745 9 0 923 4078 3 a. Active Cases 3347 8 0 625 3763 2 b. Inactive Cases 1398 1 0 298 315 1 2. New Cases Filed 54 0 0 0 261 0 3. Cases Reactivated 0 0 0 0 0 0 4. All Other Cases Added 0 0 0 0 0 0 5. Total Cases on Docket (Sum of Lines 1a, 2, 3 & 4) 3401 8 0 625 4024 2 6. Dispositions Prior to Court Appearance or Trial: a. Uncontested Dispositions 10 0 0 0 26 0 (Disposed without appearance before a judge (CCP Art. 27.14)) b. Dismissed by Prosecution 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.