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Renewable Energy Annual Review 2 0 1 6 Renewable Energy November 2 0 1 6 • Annual Review RENEWABLE ENERGY ANNUAL REVIEW 2 0 1 6 RENEWABLE ENERGY NOVEMBER 2 0 1 6 • ANNUAL REVIEW Published by Financier Worldwide 23rd Floor, Alpha Tower Suffolk Street, Queensway Birmingham B1 1TT United Kingdom Telephone: +44 (0)845 345 0456 Fax: +44 (0)121 600 5911 Email: info@financierworldwide.com www.financierworldwide.com Copyright © 2016 Financier Worldwide All rights reserved. Annual Review • November 2016 Renewable Energy No part of this publication may be copied, reproduced, transmitted or held in a retrievable system without the written permission of the publishers. Whilst every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of all material published in Financier Worldwide, the publishers accept no responsibility for any errors or omissions, nor for any claims made as a result of such errors or omissions. Views expressed by contributors are not necessarily those of the publisher. Any statements expressed by professionals in this publication are understood to be general opinions and should not be relied upon as legal or financial advice. Opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent the views of the author’s firm or clients or of any organisations of which the author is a member. RENEWABLE ENERGY NOVEMBER 2 0 1 6 • ANNUAL REVIEW Financier Worldwide canvasses the opinions of leading professionals around the world on the latest trends in renewable energy. Contents UNITED STATES ..................................................... 06 Todd E. Alexander CHADBOURNE & PARKE LLP CANADA ............................................................... 10 Scott Whitby FASKEN MARTINEAU DUMOULIN LLP CHILE .................................................................... 14 Gonzalo Jiménez CARIOLA, DÍEZ, PÉREZ-COTAPOS & CÍA LTDA UNITED KINGDOM ................................................ 18 Munir Hassan CMS CAMERON MCKENNA LLP PORTUGAL ............................................................ 22 Ricardo Andrade Amaro MORAIS LEITÃO, GALVÃO TELES, SOARES DA SILVA & ASSOCIADOS JAPAN ................................................................... 26 Amane Kawamoto NISHIMURA & ASAHI CHINA & HONG KONG .......................................... 30 Nicholas A. Molan VINSON & ELKINS SINGAPORE .......................................................... 34 Karthik Kumar JONES DAY NIGERIA ................................................................ 38 Sina Sipasi AELEX ANNUAL REVIEW • RENEWABLE ENERGY 2 0 1 6 ANNUAL REVIEW • RENEWABLE ENERGY 2016 Renewable energy is becoming a more prominent element INTRODUCTION of the global energy offering. Around the world, countries are awakening to the advantages of renewable sources of energy. In Canada, the sixth largest consumer of electricity in the world, renewable energy accounts for 65 percent of electricity generation. Furthermore, as technological advancements in the renewables space continue to gain momentum, regulatory and legislative measures are evolving to reflect the changing landscape. Ratification of the Paris Agreement and the stance on carbon emissions has set the world on an inexorable journey toward clean energy. The increased focus on renewable energy, and the difficulties experienced in the traditional energy sector over the last few years, has helped to drive M&A in the renewables space. Deals like General Electric’s recently announced $1.65bn acquisition of LM Wind Power, the manufacturer of wind- turbine blades, demonstrate this focus. Cross-border deals are likely to be increasingly popular as hydro electric and solar projects come to market. As demand for renewable energy and cleantech grow and falling costs make renewable power more competitive with fossil fuels, the pace of dealmaking will pick up in the years to come. ANNUAL REVIEW • RENEWABLE ENERGY 2016 UNITED STATES TODD E. ALEXANDER CHADBOURNE & PARKE LLP ALEXANDER: There are three key trends that I would like to highlight. Q IN YOUR OPINION, The first is the affect of rapidly declining prices for solar power. Recent WHAT KEY TRENDS HAVE examples include the $2.99 per kWh bid to develop an 800MW solar DEFINED THE RENEWABLE project in Dubai and only slightly higher bids by developers in Mexico’s ENERGY SPACE OVER THE most recent auction. In the US, we are seeing similar declines in pricing, PAST 12-18 MONTHS OR although I have yet to see a contract as low as the ones announced SO? WHAT IMPACT ARE in the Middle East. The second trend is the growth in the number of MACROECONOMIC FACTORS, independent power producers who are bypassing the utilities and SUCH AS ENERGY PRICES, selling directly to private companies. In 2015, 3160MW of such power HAVING ON RENEWABLES? purchase agreements were signed. The third trend is the extension by the US Congress of the renewable energy tax credits on 18 December 2015. These credits are the unpinning of the US renewables market and the extension provided the industry with the certainty necessary to foster continued investment in the renewables sector. ALEXANDER: In the US, wind and solar continue to dominate the Q WHAT TYPES OF renewables sector. For instance, the US installed 2051MW of solar PV RENEWABLE ENERGY SEEM in Q2 2016 to reach 31.6GW of total installed capacity. However, the TO BE ATTRACTING THE most interesting developments relate to offshore wind and rooftop MOST ATTENTION IN THE solar. The first offshore wind project in the US closed earlier this year US? – the $290m, 30MW project off the coast of Rhode Island. The US government has awarded approximately 12 offshore leases, so other offshore wind projects may achieve commercial operations. The residential solar market is growing rapidly in a few new regions where solar has only recently reached grid parity, while rates of growth have slowed in other more mature markets, such as California. 6 • FINANCIER WORLDWIDE • NOVEMBER 2016 www.financierworldwide.com ANNUAL REVIEW • RENEWABLE ENERGY 2016 ANNUAL REVIEW • RENEWABLE ENERGY 2016 UNITED STATES • TODD E. ALEXANDER • CHADBOURNE & PARKE LLP ALEXANDER: The mix of technology providing the US with energy is Q IN WHAT WAYS ARE changing. Coal-fired generation has been in decline while natural gas- ENERGY POLICIES AND fired generation and renewables have increased. The US Environmental POLITICAL AGENDAS Protection Agency issued the Clean Power Plan in 2014, which would SHAPING THE RENEWABLE further emphasise this trend. Under the plan, CO2 emissions would be ENERGY DEBATE? HOW reduced by 32 percent from power plants by 2030 compared to 2005 WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE levels. The plan is being challenged by the Murray Energy Corporation OUTLOOK FOR THE ENERGY and the attorneys general in 12 coal-reliant states who question whether MIX IN THE US, IN TERMS OF the EPA has been given legal authority by Congress to regulate CO2 TRADITIONAL FOSSIL FUELS emissions. As a result, even though the plan was finalised in 2015 and VERSUS CLEAN ENERGY? was supposed to take effect this year, lengthy litigation has effectively blocked the implementation of the plan to date. ALEXANDER: In December 2015, Congress passed a bill that extended Q HAVE THERE BEEN ANY the production tax credit and investment tax credit, which underpin SPECIFIC LEGISLATIVE wind and solar development in the US. Wind projects generally claim OR REGULATORY the production tax credit, which was extended through 2016, after DEVELOPMENTS IN THE which it will decline in each year rateably until it fully expires in 2020. US LIKELY TO AFFECT THE Solar projects generally claim the investment tax credit, which is equal RENEWABLE ENERGY SPACE? to 30 percent of eligible property, and was extended through 2019, after which it will fall to 26 percent in 2020, 22 percent in 2021 and 10 percent in 2022. As a result, there is a rush to start construction on wind projects in 2016, so as to qualify for the full production tax credit. www.financierworldwide.com NOVEMBER 2016 • FINANCIER WORLDWIDE • 7 8 ANNUAL REVIEW • RENEWABLE ENERGY 2016 UNITED STATES • TODD E. ALEXANDER • CHADBOURNE & PARKE LLP “ Given the intermittent nature of most renewables, energy storage is seen as an essential ingredient to increasing the mix of energy supplied by renewable resources.” ALEXANDER: Significant research efforts, and dollars, have been spent Q COULD YOU PROVIDE AN on energy storage. Given the intermittent nature of most renewables, INSIGHT INTO CURRENT energy storage is seen as an essential ingredient to increasing the mix ADVANCEMENTS IN of energy supplied by renewable resources. In furtherance of this goal, RENEWABLE ENERGY? WHAT the California Public Utilities Commission approved a target requiring ISSUES ARE DRIVING THE the state’s three largest investor-owned utilities, aggregators and FLOW OF INVESTMENT, other energy service providers to procure 1.3GW of energy storage by R&D CAPITAL AND PROJECT 2020. Further, the US Internal Revenue Service has issued three private DEVELOPMENT, FOR letter rulings confirming that a 30 percent investment tax credit can EXAMPLE? IS INNOVATIVE be claimed on batteries that are installed as part of renewable energy TECHNOLOGY HAVING AN projects. The batteries must be positioned and operated in a way that IMPACT? they are considered part of the electric generating equipment. ALEXANDER: There has been significant M&A activity in the US Q HOW WOULD YOU over the last 12 months. The biggest contributor to this has been CHARACTERISE M&A the bankruptcy of SunEdison, which was previously the most active ACTIVITY IN THE RENEWABLE developer and acquirer of renewable energy projects in the market. ENERGY SPACE IN THE SunEdison is in the
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