The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe from the Quarto of 1616
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Plutarch, Machiavelli and Shakespeare's Coriolanus Patrick
The Changing Faces of Virtue: Plutarch, Machiavelli and Shakespeare’s Coriolanus Patrick Ashby University of Bristol [email protected] Introduction: The hinges of virtue ‘Let it be virtuous to be obstinate’, says Caius Martius Coriolanus, shortly before the catastrophe of Shakespeare’s tragedy (Coriolanus, 5.3.26).1 In uttering these words, he articulates a moral hypothesis which is of central importance to Coriolanus: the supposition that steadfastness of principle is a fundamental good. This is a theory which the play puts to the test. The idea of ‘virtue’ — in a variety of guises — is a key focus of this essay, which identifies as crucial those moments at which definitions of virtue are unsettled, transformed, or confronted with a range of alternatives. Several commentators have connected Shakespeare’s Coriolanus with the political ideas of Niccolò Machiavelli, the Florentine theorist whose notoriety rests upon his recommendation of moral flexibility for political leaders. For Anne Barton, who reads the play in the context of Machiavelli’s Discourses on Livy’s history of early Rome, Coriolanus dramatises the futile persistence of obsolescent virtues (the valorisation of battlefield heroics) in an environment of subtler needs and growing political sophistication.2 In Shakespeare and the Popular Voice, Annabel Patterson hints at Shakespeare’s sympathy with the idea of popular political representation, proposing that ‘there is nothing in the play to challenge that famous interpretation of the tribunate which [. .] Machiavelli made a premise of Renaissance political theory’.3 John Plotz 1 William Shakespeare, Coriolanus, The Norton Shakespeare, ed. by Stephen Greenblatt, Katherine Eisaman Maus, Jean E. -
And “Humanism” in Christopher Marlowe's Tragedies
International Journal on Studies in English Language and Literature (IJSELL) Volume 3, Issue 12, December 2015, PP 6-10 ISSN 2347-3126 (Print) & ISSN 2347-3134 (Online) www.arcjournals.org Analysis of “Desire” and “Humanism” in Christopher Marlowe’s Tragedies Yonggang Zhao School of Foreign Languages, China West Normal University No. 1 Shi Da Road, Nanchong, 637009, Sichuan, China [email protected] The research is financed by Sichuan Foreign Language and Literature Research Center (Project No. SCWY14-18) and Research Innovation Team of China West Normal University Named “Study on Ecological Literature Criticism” Abstract: Christopher Marlowe was the most significant playwright in Great Britain before Shakespeare and he has been titled as “the Farther of English Tragedy”. His special achievements lies in his contributions to advocate humanism in his plays which makes him become the forerunner of Shakespeare and other playwrights in Renaissance period. This paper explores how he shows his “humanism” by describing the hero’s “desire” in his three most important tragedies Tamburlaine the Great, The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus and The Jew of Malta. Keywords: Desire, Humanism, Christopher Marlowe’s Tragedies. 1. INTRODUCTION Christopher – Marlowe, the playwright and poet of British Renaissance in the 16th century, after waiting for up to four hundred years, obtained courtesy to be buried in Westminster Abbey ―poet‘s Corner‖ in 2002, slept with the most influential art elites in British history such as Chaucer, Shakespeare, Dickens, Browning, Tennyson, Byron, and Milton and accepted people‘s memorial and respect because of his extraordinary literary achievement and contribution to English literature, in 2002. -
Goethe, the Japanese National Identity Through Cultural Exchange, 1889 to 1989
Jahrbuch für Internationale Germanistik pen Jahrgang LI – Heft 1 | Peter Lang, Bern | S. 57–100 Goethe, the Japanese National Identity through Cultural Exchange, 1889 to 1989 By Stefan Keppler-Tasaki and Seiko Tasaki, Tokyo Dedicated to A . Charles Muller on the occasion of his retirement from the University of Tokyo This is a study of the alleged “singular reception career”1 that Goethe experi- enced in Japan from 1889 to 1989, i. e., from the first translation of theMi gnon song to the last issues of the Neo Faust manga series . In its path, we will high- light six areas of discourse which concern the most prominent historical figures resp. figurations involved here: (1) the distinct academic schools of thought aligned with the topic “Goethe in Japan” since Kimura Kinji 木村謹治, (2) the tentative Japanification of Goethe by Thomas Mann and Gottfried Benn, (3) the recognition of the (un-)German classical writer in the circle of the Japanese national author Mori Ōgai 森鴎外, as well as Goethe’s rich resonances in (4) Japanese suicide ideals since the early days of Wertherism (Ueruteru-zumu ウェル テルヅム), (5) the Zen Buddhist theories of Nishida Kitarō 西田幾多郎 and D . T . Suzuki 鈴木大拙, and lastly (6) works of popular culture by Kurosawa Akira 黒澤明 and Tezuka Osamu 手塚治虫 . Critical appraisal of these source materials supports the thesis that the polite violence and interesting deceits of the discursive history of “Goethe, the Japanese” can mostly be traced back, other than to a form of speech in German-Japanese cultural diplomacy, to internal questions of Japanese national identity . -
Link to Magazine Issue
fr~m tn~ ~ir~~t~r Dear SOHS members and friends: This issue of Southern Oregon Heritage Today is unique, in that it deals exclusively with the issue of race in Southern Oregon, a some times controversial and heated topic, and one that has frequently been downplayed as we examine the history of our region. And that's exactly why we wanted to take it on. From the mistreatment of Native Americans by immigrant white settlers to the relocation of Japanese residents to camps just across the California border, from the use (and abuse) of illegal Mexican laborers in the Rogue Valley's orchards to the racism displayed toward Chinese miners and laborers in Jacksonville, from the intol erance shown Mrican Americans in 21st century Medford, Ashland or Eagle Point to the slavery and warfare between Indian tribes during the pre-contact era, the fabric of Southern Oregon society has often been torn, tattered, and tested by intolerance, racism, ignorance, and hate. It is the Southern Oregon Historical Society's obligation to tell these stories, even if some people may not wish to hear or read about them. We do so here not with any intention to divide or demonize, rather to help our readers understand that we are all part of a greater whole, a common heritage, and that one does not heal and grow by denying an often conflict-ridden, complicated past. Library & Most are stories from the past; some are more present-day. I espe cially want to thank D.L Richardson for telling his story of what it's like for an African-American man to arrive to a new posting in !iiOo-Samudson. -
4. Shakespeare Authorship Doubt in 1593
54 4. Shakespeare Authorship Doubt in 1593 Around the time of Marlowe’s apparent death, the name William Shakespeare appeared in print for the first time, attached to a new work, Venus and Adonis, described by its author as ‘the first heir of my invention’. The poem was registered anonymously on 18 April 1593, and though we do not know exactly when it was published, and it may have been available earlier, the first recorded sale was 12 June. Scholars have long noted significant similarities between this poem and Marlowe’s Hero and Leander; Katherine Duncan-Jones and H.R. Woudhuysen describe ‘compelling links between the two poems’ (Duncan-Jones and Woudhuysen, 2007: 21), though they admit it is difficult to know how Shakespeare would have seen Marlowe’s poem in manuscript, if it was, as is widely believed, being written at Thomas Walsingham’s Scadbury estate in Kent in the same month that Venus was registered in London. The poem is preceded by two lines from Ovid’s Amores, which at the time of publication was available only in Latin. The earliest surviving English translation was Marlowe’s, and it was not published much before 1599. Duncan-Jones and Woudhuysen admit, ‘We don’t know how Shakespeare encountered Amores’ and again speculate that he could have seen Marlowe’s translations in manuscript. Barber, R, (2010), Writing Marlowe As Writing Shakespeare: Exploring Biographical Fictions DPhil Thesis, University of Sussex. Downloaded from www. rosbarber.com/research. 55 Ovid’s poem is addressed Ad Invidos: ‘to those who hate him’. If the title of the epigram poem is relevant, it is more relevant to Marlowe than to Shakespeare: personal attacks on Marlowe in 1593 are legion, and include the allegations in Richard Baines’ ‘Note’ and Thomas Drury’s ‘Remembrances’, Kyd’s letters to Sir John Puckering, and allusions to Marlowe’s works in the Dutch Church Libel. -
Fall 2005 the Theflame Magazine of Claremont Graduate University
Flame Summer 2005Q5.qxd 11/4/05 2:32 PM Page 1 Volume 6, Number 2 Fall 2005 the TheFlame Magazine of Claremont Graduate University A Global Vision: President Robert Klitgaard brings a world of experience to CGU 1 C LAREMONT G RADUATE U NIVERSITY Flame Summer 2005Q5.qxd 11/4/05 2:32 PM Page 2 I believe that the future success of our world community theFlame lieslies inin aa tirelesstireless efforteffort toto protect and empower women The Magazine of Claremont Graduate University and children of all societies. Elizabeth Delgado’s skill at soccer led Fall 2005 to an All-American career and a full Volume 6, Number 2 scholarship to Georgetown University. The Flame is published three times Elizabeth Delgado, Ph.D. student in Political Science After graduation, Delgado worked a year by Claremont Graduate with children in Americorp’s City Year University, 150 East Tenth Street, Claremont, CA 91711. program where she helped create a ©2005 by Claremont Graduate University camp for ESL students, led community Send address changes to: service projects for Young Heroes, and Office of Alumni Affairs facilitated dialogues on racial issues and Claremont Graduate University 165 East Tenth Street discrimination for high school students. Claremont, CA 91711 [email protected] While serving an internship at U.C. Irvine’s Center for Unconventional Managing Editor Carol Bliss ’02, ’04 Security Affairs, Delgado enrolled at CGU and earned a master’s in Inter- Art Director Susan Guntner national Relations. During her doctoral Swan Graphics studies, she was awarded a CGU News Editor fellowship to study the politics of village Bryan Schneider fisherwomen in India, interviewing Alumni Editor community activists about their struggles Joy Kliewer ’97 for social justice. -
Research Journal of English Language and Literature (RJELAL) HOW POWER CORRUPTS in SHAKESPEARE's MACBETH and CHRISTOPHER MARLO
Research Journal of English Language and Literature (RJELAL) A Peer Reviewed (Refereed) International Journal Vol.3.Issue 4.2015 (Oct-Dec) http://www.rjelal.com RESEARCH ARTICLE HOW POWER CORRUPTS IN SHAKESPEARE’S MACBETH AND CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE’S DOCTOR FAUSTUS: AN ANALYSIS RECEP ÇAĞDAŞ Department of English Language and Literature The Graduate Institute of Social Sciences Istanbul Aydin University, Turkey ABSTRACT From past to present, many leaders, politicians, scientists, or even common peoplehave experienced and tasted the absolute power. At the very beginning of this ownership, everything seemed usual and innocent. However; it has been observed that people who have absolute power fell into error thinking that corruption of power would never give rise to their end. The objective of this essay is to examine the reasons behind two literary protagonists of Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus’ downfall.The major characters of these two books and other real life cases show that how the notion of having absolute power ends up with catastrophe and destruction. Macbeth and Doctor Faustus RECEP ÇAĞDAŞ illustrated different types of power: The first one is related to the political authority and the other one is connect to knowledge. The paper also highlights how these tragic downfalls stem from human weaknesses. We also examined how a common person could turn out to be a villain or how he could destroy the values of the society and himselffor the sake of obtaining absolute power. With the help of Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus, we would explore how power corrupted absolutely in case the absolute power was in the hands of wrong people. -
Johann Georg Faust
Johann Georg Faust Dr. Johann Georg Faust (approx. 1480 – 1540) was a German alchemist who was born in the village of Knittlingen, Württemberg (it is also claimed in Roda in the province of Weimar, and also in Helmstadt near Heidelberg in 1466). He has alternatively been known by the names “Johann Sabellicus” and “Georg Faust.” In 1507, Johannes Trithemius of Sponheim wrote that Faust was a con-man and a drifter who preyed on the gullible. He said he had fled a teaching position in Kreuznach after molesting several of the boys there. He may have then gone on to the University of Heidelberg to study, obtaining a degree in divinity from Heidelberg University in 1509, and then to Poland where a friend of Martin Luther, Philip Melanchthon, says Faust studied magic at the University of Kraków. Martin Luther and Philipp Melanchthon are said to have alleged Faust’s companionship with the devil. After that, he appears at the University of Ehrfut in central Germany. It is said that when he lectured on Homer he conjured up Homer’s heroes for his students. He was expelled from Ehrfut by the Franciscan monk Dr. Klinge (who was the cathedral preacher from 1520-1556). Dr. Klinge asked for Faust’s repentance. Faust refused the monk’s offer of intervention and admitted having signed a pact with the Devil, and said that he trusted the Devil more than God. In 1523 he is said to have visited Auerbach’s Tavern in Leipzig where he conjured wine out of a table, and rode a barrel of wine. -
Christopher Marlowe and the Golden Age of England
The Marlowe Society Christopher Marlowe and the Research Journal - Volume 05 - 2008 Golden Age of England Online Research Journal Article Michael J. Kelly Christopher Marlowe and the Golden Age of England Poet, spy and playwright, Christopher Marlowe was the embodiment of the Elizabethan Golden Age. Marlowe’s work was the product of his ‘Erasmian,’ or Christian humanist, education, the state of affairs in England and his own ability and readiness to satirize the world around him. Marlowe and his fellow contemporaries were a testament to the development of English drama, its pinnacle at the end of the English Renaissance and its eventual decline and suppression at the outbreak of the English Civil War. Their work is historically important because it illustrates, in addition to the development of English theatre, the dramatic political and social events of the time through the public medium of the playhouse. Specifically, the development of the theatre helps explain key features of the English Renaissance such as the creation of English self-identity, adoption of humanistic ideal, the advancement of English over Latin, the role of religion, the intellectual development of a people and parliament and their gradual alienation from the monarchy, the ultimate assertion of parliamentary power, and Civil War. Furthermore, the development of commercial playwriting, acting, stage management and private investment in theatres, an aspect of life today taken for granted, began during this Golden Age in English drama. The history of English playwriting and performance stretches back to at least the ninth century trope ‘Alle Luia’ sung at Easter masses. However, post-classical Christian ritual performance itself probably developed from the ritualistic repetitions of the Empirical Roman Senate.1 This tradition, established in the Church at some point during the early formation of Roman successor states, likely spread to England from Spain, via Ireland, through missionaries. -
“Mark This Show”: on Dramatic Attention in Christopher Marlowe’S and William Shakespeare’S Tragedies
“MARK THIS SHOW”: ON DRAMATIC ATTENTION IN CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE’S AND WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE’S TRAGEDIES by JAMIE PARIS B.A. (Honours), University of Winnipeg, 2005 M.A., University of Regina, 2008 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES (English) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) AUGUST 2015 © Jamie Paris, 2015 ii Abstract This dissertation will argue that the early modern theatre and the early modern church were both concerned with keeping the attention of their audiences, and that one of the ways that dramatic interest in Christopher Marlowe's and William Shakespeare's plays was generated was by staging acts that can be read as ambiguous, interrupted, failed or parodic confessions, prayers, and sermons. In particular, I will argue that when the characters in Marlowe’s and Shakespeare’s tragedies fail to find solace in acts that model reformed devotional practices, they eventually suffer the strange but dramatically engaging consequences of their tragic passions like despair, hatred, jealousy, fear, and rage. This dissertation, then, will bridge the turn to religion and affect studies as a means of arguing that early modern tragedy was consumed with attracting, and sustaining, the dramatic attention of the audience. While it is not possible to say, with any finality, why tragedies hook an audience's attention, it is possible to suggest how Marlowe's and Shakespeare's tragedies used the passions generated by the failure of model devotional acts as a means of capturing and sustaining the attention of the audience. -
Doctor Faustus
11 THOMAS HEALY Doctor Faustus Enter with Devils, giving crowns and rich apparel to Faustus, and dance and then depart. Faustus:Speak,Mephistopheles.Whatmeansthisshow? Mephistopheles:Nothing,Faustus,buttodelightthymindwithal And to show thee what magic can perform. (DF 2.1.83–5)1 From the mid-eighteenth century when interest in Doctor Faustus revived, critical attention on the play has largely focused on what may be termed its metaphysical concerns. Is Marlowe challenging conventional Christian perspectives on hell and heaven, or does his play ultimately conform with them? Is Faustus a tragic hero or a misguided sinner? Though scholarship on Doctor Faustus has increasingly complicated issues surrounding the origin and status of the play’s two main versions, ideas of what may be termed high seriousness have dominated debate about its content. For both readers of a text and spectators at performances, attention is commonly concen- trated on those scenes that engage most thoroughly with a tragic dimension. The scenes of farce attract much less attention. But what type of play en- gaged early spectators? How might Doctor Faustus have been performed in the theatres of Elizabethan England? This chapter seeks to re-examine the modern preoccupation with Faustus as metaphysical tragedy by think- ing about it in the cultural milieu from which it first arose. Interestingly, many of the issues raised by the place of the stage in early modern London still seem to resonate strangely within current critical debates about Doctor Faustus. At the start of the Reformation in England, the new Protestants celebrated players along with printers and preachers as crucial conduits through which the reform movement could spread its ideas.2 By the 1580s, though, some of the more strident elements within the now dominant Protestant Church of England orchestrated a series of pamphlet attacks on the London theatres as sinful places that directly conflicted with the efforts of the godly to win souls to religion. -
Riccardo Muti Conductor Michele Campanella Piano Eric Cutler Tenor Men of the Chicago Symphony Chorus Duain Wolfe Director Wagne
Program ONE huNdrEd TwENTy-FirST SEASON Chicago Symphony orchestra riccardo muti Music director Pierre Boulez helen regenstein Conductor Emeritus Yo-Yo ma Judson and Joyce Green Creative Consultant Global Sponsor of the CSO Friday, September 30, 2011, at 8:00 Saturday, October 1, 2011, at 8:00 Tuesday, October 4, 2011, at 7:30 riccardo muti conductor michele Campanella piano Eric Cutler tenor men of the Chicago Symphony Chorus Duain Wolfe director Wagner Huldigungsmarsch Liszt Piano Concerto No. 1 in E-flat Major Allegro maestoso Quasi adagio— Allegretto vivace— Allegro marziale animato MiChElE CampanellA IntErmISSIon Liszt A Faust Symphony Faust: lento assai—Allegro impetuoso Gretchen: Andante soave Mephistopheles: Allegro vivace, ironico EriC CuTlEr MEN OF ThE Chicago SyMPhONy ChOruS This concert series is generously made possible by Mr. & Mrs. Dietrich M. Gross. The Chicago Symphony Orchestra thanks Mr. & Mrs. John Giura for their leadership support in partially sponsoring Friday evening’s performance. CSO Tuesday series concerts are sponsored by United Airlines. This program is partially supported by grants from the Illinois Arts Council, a state agency, and the National Endowment for the Arts. CommEntS by PhilliP huSChEr ne hundred years ago, the Chicago Symphony paid tribute Oto the centenary of the birth of Franz Liszt with the pro- gram of music Riccardo Muti conducts this week to honor the bicentennial of the composer’s birth. Today, Liszt’s stature in the music world seems diminished—his music is not all that regularly performed, aside from a few works, such as the B minor piano sonata, that have never gone out of favor; and he is more a name in the history books than an indispensable part of our concert life.