Interdisciplinary Handbook of Trauma and Culture Yochai Ataria • David Gurevitz Haviva Pedaya • Yuval Neria Editors Interdisciplinary Handbook of Trauma and Culture Editors Yochai Ataria David Gurevitz Department of Neurobiology The Interdisciplinary Center Herzelia Weizmann Institute of Science Herzelia, Israel Rehovot , Israel Yuval Neria Haviva Pedaya Columbia University Medical Department of the History of Israel Center and the New York State Ben Gurion University Psychiatric Institute Beer-Sheva, Israel New York , NY , USA ISBN 978-3-319-29402-5 ISBN 978-3-319-29404-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-29404-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016939236 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland To Adi, who is my home in the chaotic darkness, my citadel in a strange and alienated world. Yochai To my beloved children Matan and Yuval. For Rachel, with Love. David To all those who shared with me their wanderings. To Yochai. Haviva I am grateful to my wife Mariana, and my children Michal, Oren, and Maya. Without the love and strength you have given me, my scientifi c work was not possible. Yuval Acknowle dgements The editors are grateful to Mikael Rubin for his exhaustive editorial work, and to Peter James and Ari Lev Plat for their editorial assistance. vii Contents Introduction ........................................................................................... xv Part I Representations of Trauma 1 Literature as Trauma: The Postmodern Option-Franz Kafka and Cormac Mccarthy ...................................................... 3 David Gurevitz 2 Cultural Trauma and the Media.................................................. 27 Allen Meek 3 Television: A Traumatic Culture ................................................. 39 Dan Arav 4 Popular Trauma Culture: The Pain of Others Between Holocaust Tropes and Kitsch-Sentimental Melodrama ..................................................................................... 51 Anne Rothe 5 The Trauma of Modernism: Between Existential Indeterminacy and Allegoresis ..................................................... 67 Dennis Sobolev 6 Before Recognition: On the Aesthetics of Aftermath ................ 87 Lisa Saltzman 7 From Hiroshima to Fukushima: Comics and Animation as Subversive Agents of Memory in Japan ................................. 101 Ory Bartal 8 Performative Recollection: Koizumi Meiro Representations of Kamikaze Pilots and the Trauma of the Asia-Pacific War in Japan ................................................. 117 Ayelet Zohar 9 Architecture and Trauma ............................................................. 133 Teresa Stoppani 10 Art as the Transport-Station of Trauma ..................................... 151 Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger ix x Contents Part II Theory of Trauma 11 The Trauma of Philosophy ........................................................... 163 Frank Seeburger 12 Irresponsible Nonsense: An Epistemological and Ethical Critique of Postmodern Trauma Theory ............... 181 Anne Rothe 13 The Death of the Witness in the Era of Testimony: Primo Levi and Georges Perec ..................................................... 195 Yochai Ataria 14 Walking, Walking Out, and Walking Through: Transitional Space and Traumatic Time..................................... 217 Haviva Pedaya 15 Trauma and Monotheism: Sigmund Freud’s Moses and Monotheism and the Possibility of Writing a Traumatic History of Religion .................................................. 251 Koji Yamashiro 16 The Crisis of Manhood ................................................................. 267 Yochai Ataria 17 Laius Complex and Shocks of Maternality: With Franz Kafka and Sylvia Plath ............................................ 279 Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger 18 Fear, Trauma, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Clinical, Neurobiological, and Cultural Perspectives ................ 303 Mikael Rubin , Maya Neria , and Yuval Neria Part III Case Studies of Collective Trauma 19 Some Reflections on Transmitting the Memory of the Holocaust and its Implications, Particularly in Israel .......................................................................................... 317 Saul Friedländer 20 Placing Collective Trauma Within Its Social Context: The Case of 9/11 Attacks .............................................................. 325 Emily Joyner , Katharine Reiner van der Hoorn , Ari Platt , Mikael Rubin , Erel Shvil , and Yuval Neria 21 Masculinity, Spirituality, and Male Wartime Sexual Trauma............................................................................... 339 R. Ruard Ganzevoort and Srdjan Sremac 22 Killing the Killer: Rampage and Gun Rights as a Syndrome................................................................................ 353 Kirby Farrell Contents xi 23 Loss, Traumatic Bereavement, and Mourning Culture: The Israel Example ....................................................... 365 Eliezer Witztum , Ruth Malkinson , and Simon Shimshon Rubin 24 Fear and Silence in Burma and Indonesia: Comparing Two National Tragedies and Two Individual Outcomes of Trauma .................................................. 377 Robert Lemelson and Seinenu M. Thein-Lemelson Conclusion: Trauma and Culture: How Trauma Can Shape the Human Mind ............................................................... 393 Yuval Neria and Yochai Ataria Index ....................................................................................................... 397 Contributors Dan Arav , Ph.D. School of Media Studies , The College of Management Academic Studies (COMAS) , Rishon LeZion , Israel Yochai Ataria , Ph.D. Department of Neurobiology , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot , Israel Ory Bartal , Ph.D. Department of History and Theory , Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design , Jerusalem , Israel Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger , Ph.D. Marcel Duchamp Chair and Professor of Psychoanalysis and Art, European Graduate School (EGS) , Saas-Fee , Switzerland Kirby Farrell , Ph.D. Department of English , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , MA , USA Saul Friedländer , Ph.D. Chair in Holocaust Studies, History Department , UCLA , Los Angeles , CA , USA R. Ruard Ganzevoort , Ph.D. Amsterdam Centre for the Study of Lived Religion, Faculty of Theology , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands David Gurevitz , Ph.D. The Interdisciplinary Center , Herzelia , Israel Katharine Reiner van der Hoorn , M.A. Columbia University Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute , New York , NY , USA Emily Joyner , M.A. Columbia University Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute , New York , NY , USA Robert Lemelson , Ph.D. Department of Anthropology , University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA UCLA Semel Institute of Neuroscience , Los Angeles , CA , USA Foundation for Psychocultural Research , Pacifi c Palisades , CA , USA Ruth Malkinson , Ph.D. International Center for the Study of Loss, Bereavement and Human Resilience , University of Haifa , Haifa , Israel Allen Meek , Ph.D. School of English and Media Studies , Massey University , Palmerston North , New Zealand xiii xiv Contributors Maya Neria , B.A. Middlebury College , Middlebury , VT , USA Yuval Neria , Ph.D. Columbia University Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute , New York , NY , USA Haviva Pedaya , Ph.D. Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Jewish History Department, Elyachar Center for Sephardi Heritage, Ben-Gurion University , Beer-Sheva , Israel Ari Platt , B.A. Columbia University Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute , New York , NY , USA Anne Rothe , Ph.D. Department of Classical and Modern Languages , Literatures, and Cultures, Wayne State University , Detroit , MI , USA Mikael Rubin , M.A. Psychology Department , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA Simon Shimshon Rubin , Ph.D. International Center for the Study of Loss, Bereavement and Human Resilience , University of Haifa , Haifa , Israel Lisa Saltzman , Ph.D. Professor and Chair of History of Art and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Chair in the Humanities , Bryn Mawr College , Bryn Mawr , PA , USA Frank Seeburger , Ph.D. Department of Philosophy , University of Denver , Longmont , CO , USA Erel Shvil , Ph.D.