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The Honorable Beverly Barton Butcher Byron U.S. Representative of Maryland (1979–1993) Oral History Interview Final Edited Transcript June 15, 2016 Office of the Historian U.S. House of Representatives Washington, D.C. “My problem was that the party powers that be, said, ‘Well, we will nominate her, and then next year’—and I’m quoting numerous of them—‘and we’ll get a real candidate next year, in two years, somebody that we can run.’ I don’t think they knew me very well. There’s too much work. There’s too much potential for wonderful things to happen to your constituents not to work it hard.” The Honorable Beverly Barton Butcher Byron June 15, 2016 Table of Contents Interview Abstract i Interviewee Biography i Editing Practices ii Citation Information ii Interviewer Biographies iii Interview 1 Notes 45 Abstract Beverly Barton Butcher Byron married into a family with deep political roots. Her husband Goodloe Byron and his parents William and Katharine all served in the U.S. House of Representatives. Beverly Byron, much like her mother-in-law Katharine, did not pursue a political career. Rather, both women won election to Congress after their husbands died in office. In her oral history, Byron discusses the transition from a supporting role in her husband’s career to her own position as a Member of Congress. Byron also touches upon the prevailing opinion at the time that she—like many other congressional widows—would serve as a temporary placeholder. The Maryland Representative explains that once she came to Congress, she had no intention of stepping aside for someone that party leaders deemed more qualified. In her interview, Byron compares how she and her late husband approached the job. Both enjoyed constituent service, but she observes that her strength and interest lay in policy work. The first woman to chair an Armed Services subcommittee, Byron describes her leadership style and discusses her work for the military during her seven terms in Congress. Byron also discusses her interest in physical fitness, her work on the American Discovery Trail legislation, and the bond that formed among the women representing Maryland in Congress. Biography BYRON, Beverly Barton Butcher, (wife Goodloe Edgar Byron and daughter-in-law of William Devereux Byron and Katharine Edgar Byron), a Representative from Maryland; born Beverly Barton Butcher in Baltimore, Md., July 27, 1932; graduated from National Cathedral School for Girls, Washington, D.C., 1950; elected as a Democrat to the Ninety-sixth and to the six succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1979–January 3, 1993); unsuccessful candidate for renomination to the One Hundred Third Congress in 1992; appointed to the Base Closure and Realignment Commission, 1993. Read full biography i Editing Practices In preparing interview transcripts for publication, the editors sought to balance several priorities: • As a primary rule, the editors aimed for fidelity to the spoken word and the conversational style in accord with generally accepted oral history practices. • The editors made minor editorial changes to the transcripts in instances where they believed such changes would make interviews more accessible to readers. For instance, excessive false starts and filler words were removed when they did not materially affect the meaning of the ideas expressed by the interviewee. • In accord with standard oral history practices, interviewees were allowed to review their transcripts, although they were encouraged to avoid making substantial editorial revisions and deletions that would change the conversational style of the transcripts or the ideas expressed therein. • The editors welcomed additional notes, comments, or written observations that the interviewees wished to insert into the record and noted any substantial changes or redactions to the transcript. • Copy-editing of the transcripts was based on the standards set forth in The Chicago Manual of Style. The first reference to a Member of Congress (House or Senate) is underlined in the oral history transcript. For more information about individuals who served in the House or Senate, please refer to the online Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, http://bioguide.congress.gov and the “People Search” section of the History, Art & Archives website, http://history.house.gov. For more information about the U.S. House of Representatives oral history program contact the Office of House Historian at (202) 226-1300, or via email at [email protected]. Citation Information When citing this oral history interview, please use the format below: “The Honorable Beverly Barton Butcher Byron Oral History Interview,” Office of the Historian, U.S. House of Representatives, June 15, 2016. ii Interviewer Biographies Matt Wasniewski is the Historian of the U.S. House of Representatives, a position he has held since 2010. He has worked in the House as a historical editor and manager since 2002. Matt served as the editor-in-chief of Women in Congress, 1917–2006 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 2006), Black Americans in Congress, 1870–2007 (GPO, 2008), and the Hispanic Americans in Congress, 1822–2012 (GPO, forthcoming 2013). He helped to create the House’s first oral history program, focusing on collecting the institutional memory of current and former Members, longtime staff, and support personnel. He earned his Ph.D. in U.S. history from the University of Maryland, College Park, in 2004. His prior work experience includes several years as the associate historian and communications director at the U.S. Capitol Historical Society, and, in the early 1990s, as the sports editor for a northern Virginia newspaper. Kathleen Johnson is the Manager of Oral History for the Office of the Historian, U.S. House of Representatives. She earned a B.A. in history from Columbia University, where she also played basketball for four years, and holds two master’s degrees from North Carolina State University in education and public history. In 2004, she helped to create the House’s first oral history program, focusing on collecting the institutional memory of Members and staff. She co-authored two books: Women in Congress: 1917–2006 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 2006) and Black Americans in Congress: 1870–2007 (GPO, 2008). Before joining the Office of the Historian, she worked as a high school history teacher and social studies curriculum consultant. iii — THE HONORABLE BEVERLY BARTON BUTCHER BYRON OF MARYLAND — A CENTURY OF WOMEN IN CONGRESS JOHNSON: My name is Kathleen Johnson. I’m here with Matt Wasniewski, who is the House Historian. The date is June 15th, 2016. And we are very happy to be here with former Representative Beverly [Barton Butcher] Byron of Maryland. Thank you so much for coming in today. BYRON: Oh, thank you. WASNIEWSKI: Thank you. JOHNSON: This interview is part of a series of oral histories that we’re doing to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the election of Jeannette Rankin to Congress—the first woman to serve in Congress. And to start off with today, we were wondering if you had any role models when you were young. BYRON: I was raised in Washington, D.C., and so consequently, I was aware of Congress as a young child. My father [Harry Butcher] was vice president of CBS early in the days of radio. So it wasn’t at all unusual for the house to be filled with people that were just friends but they happened to be working at the White House, or they happened to be in the center of government, or they happened to be in Congress. So, it really didn’t make an impact on me. It was just a friend. And so, I would have to probably say no. JOHNSON: When you were young, what were the expectations about what you would be when you grew up? BYRON: Oh, growing up in the ’40s and early ’50s, a woman’s place was in the home, but not in the [U.S.] House. Today that is totally different. I think we have http://history.house.gov/Oral-History/ 1 88 women that are in the House today, and I think 20 in the Senate, so everything is changed. BRIEF INTERRUPTION WASNIEWSKI: You married into a family with deep political roots. And one question that we wanted to ask was about your mother-in-law, Katharine [Edgar] Byron, the first woman to serve in Congress from Maryland. What are your memories of her, and then also, did she talk with you extensively about her time in the House and that experience? BYRON: She did not talk extensively with me on her time in the House because I don’t think it ever occurred to her that I might be in the House. She served for, I think, a year and a half. Her husband [William Devereux Byron], who was a Member of the House, died in a tragic aviation accident with Eddie Rickenbacker, crashing into Mount Story outside of Atlanta.1 He was on his way to—at that point in time, it was not the Armed Services Committee, it was the Military Affairs Committee—he was a Member on his way down to Mexico. She did not at all describe . her race, she described, that she was a widow with five children. She campaigned. It was back in the days when the smoke- filled backroom would make the decisions on who was going to be the nominee, or who was going to take his place in Congress. She was selected. She campaigned in widow’s garb: the black dress, the black veil. A different time, it was 1941. And so she served for one . not quite a full term. But she was told by the same people in the backroom with the smoke-filled that there was another candidate that was going to run, and did.

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