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Environmental Impact Assessment June 2014 PAK: National Motorway M-4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project Prepared by National Highway Authority for the Asian Development Bank. This was originally posted in July 2014 under National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program, Tranche 4 available on http://www.adb.org/projects/documents/national-trade-corridor-highway-investment- program-tranche-4-faisalabad-khanewal-motorway-eia. GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN National Highway Authority (NHA) National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program (NTCHIP) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF FAISALABAD-KHANEWAL MOTORWAY (M-4) (184 KM) Revised Draft June 2014 Environmental Impact Assessment for M-4 List of Abbreviations Abbreviation Description ◦C Degree Centigrade AADT Average Annual Daily Traffic AD Assistant Director ADB Asian Development Bank APs Affected Persons BDL Below Detectable Level CBO Community Based Organization CC Construction Contractor CO Carbon Mono Oxide COI Corridor of Impact dB(A) Decibel DC Design Consultant DCR District Census Report DD Deputy Director DDO Deputy District Officer DFO Divisional Forest Officer ECR Environmental Complaints Register EDO Executive District Officer EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return EMP Environmental Management Plan EPD Environmental Protection Department Ft. Feet GM General Manager GoP Government of Pakistan IEE Initial Environmental Evaluation IP’s Indigenous People IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature JBIC Japan Bank for International Cooperation JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency Km Kilometers Faisalabad-Khanewal Motorway (M-4) Project i Environmental Impact Assessment for M-4 Abbreviation Description LAA Land Acquisition Act, 1894 LAR Land Acquisition and Resettlement M&E Monitoring and Evaluation M-4 Motorway (Faisalabad-Khanewal) MC Monitoring Consultant Mm Millimetre NEQS National Environmental Quality Standards NESPAK National Engineering Services Pakistan, (Pvt) Ltd. NGO Non Governmental Organization NH&MP National Highway and Motorway Police NHA National Highway Authority NOx Nitrogen Oxides NWFP North West Frontier Province O&M Operation and Maintenance OM Operation Manual PAPs Project Affected Persons PEPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Act PHV Peak Hourly Volume PM10 Particulate Matter (10 Micron) PTCL Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited RAP Resettlement Action Plan Rft. Running Feet RoW Right of Way RPF Resettlement Policy Framework SC Supervision Consultant Sft. Square Feet SNGPL Sui Northern Gas Pipe Line SOx Sulphur Oxides SPM Suspended Particulate Matter SPS Safeguard Policy Statement TA Technical Assistance USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency Faisalabad-Khanewal Motorway (M-4) Project ii Environmental Impact Assessment for M-4 Abbreviation Description WHO World Health Organization Faisalabad-Khanewal Motorway (M-4) Project iii Environmental Impact Assessment for M-4 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ xi SECTION 1 ..................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 2 1.0 General ............................................................................................................. 2 1.1 Proponent of the Project.................................................................................... 2 1.2 Overview of the Project ..................................................................................... 2 1.3 Scope of Study .................................................................................................. 4 1.4 Project Categorisation ....................................................................................... 4 1.5 Components of the Report ................................................................................ 5 SECTION 2 ..................................................................................................................... 7 POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK .............................................................................. 7 2.1 General ............................................................................................................. 7 2.2 National Policy and Legal Framework ............................................................... 7 2.3 Regulations for Environmental Assessment, Pakistan EPA ............................... 7 2.4 Regulatory Clearances, Punjab EPD ................................................................. 7 2.5 Guidelines for Environmental Assessment, Pakistan EPA ..................................... 8 2.6 National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) 2000 .................................. 8 2.7 ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009 ............................................... 8 2.8 Interaction with other Agencies ......................................................................... 9 2.9 Provincial EPAs ................................................................................................ 9 2.10 Provincial Departments of Forests and Wildlife ................................................. 9 2.11 Provincial Governments ................................................................................... 9 2.12 Other Environment Related Legislations ........................................................... 9 SECTION 3 ................................................................................................................... 14 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT .............................................................................. 14 3.0 General ........................................................................................................... 14 3.1 Location of the Proposed Project .................................................................... 15 3.2 Project Components ........................................................................................ 15 3.2.1 Interchanges ............................................................................................ 16 3.2.2 Bridges ..................................................................................................... 16 3.2.3 Flyovers ................................................................................................... 19 3.2.4 Rest Areas ............................................................................................... 19 3.2.5 Service Area ............................................................................................ 19 Faisalabad-Khanewal Motorway (M-4) Project iv Environmental Impact Assessment for M-4 3.3 Project Right of Way ....................................................................................... 19 3.4 Construction Materials .................................................................................... 19 3.5 Engineer’s Cost Estimate ................................................................................ 20 3.6 Construction Schedule .................................................................................... 23 3.7 Construction Camps ........................................................................................ 23 3.8 Workforce and Machinery Requirements ........................................................ 23 SECTION 4 ................................................................................................................... 25 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................... 25 4.0 General ........................................................................................................... 25 4.1 Methodology ................................................................................................... 25 4.2 Physical Environment ...................................................................................... 26 4.2.1 Meteorology ............................................................................................. 26 4.2.2 Air Quality ................................................................................................ 27 4.2.3 Noise........................................................................................................ 28 4.2.4 Surface Water and Groundwater .............................................................. 32 4.2.5 Topography and Geology ......................................................................... 36 4.2.6 Seismicity ................................................................................................. 36 4.2.7 Agriculture and Crop Pattern .................................................................... 36 4.2.8 Industrial and Commercial Activities ......................................................... 37 4.3 Ecological Resources ...................................................................................... 37 4.3.1 Flora ........................................................................................................ 37 4.3.2 Fauna....................................................................................................... 38 4.3.3 Wetlands .................................................................................................. 39 4.3.4 Aquatic Biota ............................................................................................ 39 4.3.5 Sensitive Areas .......................................................................................