Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents

Monday, May 19, 1997 Volume 33—Number 20 Pages 695–724

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Addresses and Remarks Interviews With the News Media Exchanges with reporters in the Rose Garden—708, 716 Barbados News conference with Caribbean leaders in Central and South America, radio address— Bridgetown, Barbados, May 10 (No. 145)— 698 699 Reception for Caribbean leaders in Meetings With Foreign Leaders Bridgetown—695 Welcoming ceremony with Caribbean Barbados, Prime Minister Arthur—695, 699 Haiti, President Preval—695 leaders in Bridgetown—698 Jamaica, Prime Minister Patterson—699 Budget agreement—716 NATO-Russia Founding Act—708 Proclamations Peace officers memorial ceremony—714 National Defense Transportation Day and Radio address—696 National Transportation Week—695 Tuskegee Experiment, apology—718 National Safe Boating Week—711 Statements by the President ‘‘Individuals With Disabilities Education Act Communications to Congress Amendments of 1997,’’ House passage— 706 Northern Ireland peace process, British Prime Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty Minister Tony Blair’s initiative—721 Flank Document, messages—712 Proliferation of nuclear weapons, Iran, message—706 strengthening international nuclear National Security Strategy, message safeguards—721 transmitting report—71 Supplementary Materials Executive Orders Acts approved by the President—724 Checklist of White House press releases—723 Further Amendment to Executive Order Digest of other White House 12975, Extension of the National Bioethics announcements—722 Advisory Commission—721 Nominations submitted to the Senate—722

WEEKLY COMPILATION OF regulations prescribed by the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register, approved by the President (37 FR 23607; 1 CFR Part 10). PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS Distribution is made only by the Superintendent of Docu- ments, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Published every Monday by the Office of the Federal Reg- The Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents will be ister, National Archives and Records Administration, Washing- furnished by mail to domestic subscribers for $80.00 per year ton, DC 20408, the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Docu- ($137.00 for mailing first class) and to foreign subscribers for ments contains statements, messages, and other Presidential $93.75 per year, payable to the Superintendent of Documents, materials released by the White House during the preceding Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The week. charge for a single copy is $3.00 ($3.75 for foreign mailing). The Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents is pub- There are no restrictions on the republication of material lished pursuant to the authority contained in the Federal Reg- appearing in the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Docu- ister Act (49 Stat. 500, as amended; 44 U.S.C. Ch. 15), under ments.

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Remarks at a Reception for economies or leave them behind. We must Caribbean Leaders in Bridgetown, ensure that economic growth and environ- Barbados mental protection go forward hand in hand. May 9, 1997 We must band together to defeat the crimi- nal syndicates and drug traffickers that prey Governor General, Madam, Prime Min- on open societies and put our children and ister and Mrs. Arthur, leaders of the Carib- our very social fabric at risk. bean, distinguished guests. First I’d like to No nation is so strong that it needs no help thank our hosts for their hospitality and the from its friends, and none is too small to weather. [Laughter] And I’d like to thank all make a real difference. Together we must of you for agreeing to join in this meeting build a new partnership for prosperity and here in beautiful Barbados. security in the Caribbean, based on our com- I’m deeply honored to be the first Amer- mon values, aimed at our common dreams. ican President to hold a summit with Carib- I look forward to the work we will do tomor- bean heads of government here in the Carib- row and even more to the days of closer and bean. But it is high time—America, after all, more productive partnership ahead. is a Caribbean nation. Puerto Rico and the Thank you. And thank you for welcoming American Virgin Islands lie in the heart of Hillary and me tonight. Thank you very this region. The bonds of commerce among much. us and the bonds binding our people are NOTE: The President spoke at 9:10 p.m. at the strong. Government House. In his remarks, he referred Today, millions of my fellow Americans to Governor General Sir Clifford Husbands and trace proud roots to the Caribbean. These his wife, Lady Husbands; Prime Minister Owen people have enriched and strengthened the Arthur of Barbados and his wife, Beverley; and United States. We can all be proud that our President Rene Preval of Haiti. This item was not leadership as a Caribbean community, sup- received in time for publication in the appropriate ported by nations around the world, along issue. with the determination of the Haitian people, have given Haiti another chance to build a Proclamation 7002—National democratic future. And we are delighted to Defense Transportation Day and have President Preval with us here tonight. National Transportation Week, 1997 The last time we met as a group was in May 9, 1997 the White House 31⁄2 years ago on the eve of Operation Uphold Democracy in Haiti. By the President of the United States This hopeful moment gives us another of America chance to meet together and work together. It demands that we work together because A Proclamation there are great forces of change sweeping our The United States has the finest, safest world and our region. We must harness them transportation system in the world—superior to our benefit. We must meet the host of highways and waterways, railroads, pipelines, new challenges before us. And frankly, none and airports. This system unites a diverse Na- of us can make the most of the opportunities tion, provides economic opportunity, and en- or deal with the dangers alone. hances our quality of life by giving our citi- That’s what our meeting tomorrow is all zens almost unrestricted mobility. about. We need to ensure that the galloping As we approach the 21st century, we must global economy does not trample small maintain the strength and reliability of this

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transportation system. The globalization of May 14, 1962 (36 U.S.C. 166), declared that our economy demands more efficient ship- the week in which that Friday falls be des- ping if we are to remain competitive. The ignated ‘‘National Transportation Week.’’ growth in passenger traffic spurred by an ex- Now, Therefore, I, William J. Clinton, panding economy requires new and better President of the United States of America, ways of enabling people to travel safely and do hereby proclaim Friday, May 16, 1997, conveniently. In an unpredictable world, our as National Defense Transportation Day and transportation system must be able to quickly May 11 through May 17, 1997, as National move military and other equipment, humani- Transportation Week. I urge all Americans tarian supplies, and people to meet the de- to observe these occasions with appropriate mands of emergencies and natural disasters ceremonies and activities, giving due rec- throughout the world. ognition to the individuals and organizations All levels of government and industry are that build, operate, safeguard, and maintain working together to ensure that our transpor- this country’s modern transportation system. tation system will continue to meet these In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set challenges in the years to come. We must my hand this ninth day of May, in the year also continue to address the need for a clean- of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety- er environment and for sustainable commu- seven, and of the Independence of the Unit- nities, and we must ensure that transpor- ed States of America the two hundred and tation is available for people with special twenty-first. needs. This effort will require new tech- William J. Clinton nologies, advanced materials, improved oper- ating practices and logistical systems, and [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, other innovations. 10:46 a.m., May 12, 1997] We must also strive to educate our youth in technology and transportation issues. The NOTE: This proclamation was released by the Of- fice of the Press Secretary on May 10, and it was Department of Transportation has launched published in the Federal Register on May 13. the Garrett A. Morgan Technology and Transportation Futures Program to pursue this important goal through math, science, The President’s Radio Address and technology literacy programs, private- May 10, 1997 public education partnerships, and other ini- tiatives. An African American, Garrett Mor- Good morning. This morning I want to talk gan invented the traffic signal and is recog- about the responsibility we share to protect nized as the father of our safe transportation our children from the scourge of violent technology program. He served as a model crime and especially from crime committed of public service and as a catalyst to enhance by other young people. We’ve all worked transportation education at all levels. hard over the last 41⁄2 years to prepare Amer- This week, Americans honor the men and ica for the 21st century, with opportunity for women who, like Garrett Morgan, have done all, responsibility from all our citizens, and and are doing so much to design, build, oper- a community that includes all Americans. Be- ate, and ensure the safety of our transpor- cause of these efforts, America’s children tation system. We salute them for their con- face a brighter future. Economic growth is tributions to our Nation and for helping to the highest it’s been in a decade. Unemploy- ensure that our transportation system re- ment is at its lowest level in 24 years, with mains the best in the world. over 12 million new jobs. Last Friday, we In recognition of the millions of Americans reached an historic agreement to finish the who work every day to meet our transpor- job of balancing the budget, to keep our tation needs, the Congress, by joint resolu- economy thriving, with the biggest invest- tion approved May 16, 1957 (36 U.S.C. 160), ment in education in 30 years, tax cuts to has designated the third Friday in May of help pay for a college education for all Amer- each year as ‘‘National Defense Transpor- icans, and health care coverage for 5 million tation Day’’ and, by joint resolution approved children who have no insurance now.

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But with all these advances, our children not support efforts such as Boston’s Oper- cannot live out their dreams if they are living ation Night Life, where police and probation in fear of gangs and guns. That’s why I have officers make nightly visits to the homes of worked so hard to reverse the tide of crime. young probationers to make sure they live We passed a tough crime bill that’s putting up to the strict rules of their probation. The 100,000 new community police on our street. bill does not fund anticrime initiatives to We passed the Brady bill, which has stopped keep our schools open later and on weekends over 186,000 felons, fugitives, and stalkers so young people can stay under the watchful from buying handguns. We banned deadly eye of parents, educators, and community assault weapons. We initiated the biggest leaders instead of on street corners where antidrug effort ever to make our children’s the most common influences are bad ones. schools and streets safe, drug-free, and gun- We know juvenile crime peaks right after the free. schoolday ends. We’ve got to engage our chil- This strategy is working. Serious crime has dren during those hours, to steer them away dropped 5 years in a row. But sadly, crime from gangs. among young people has been on the rise. You know, just a couple of weeks ago, I According to a report by the Justice Depart- sponsored the service summit in Philadel- ment’s juvenile division, unless we act now, phia, along with all our former Presidents the number of juveniles arrested for violent and General Colin Powell. The summit was crimes will more than double by the year dedicated to giving every young American a 2010. That means we must launch a full-scale chance to make the most of his or her life, assault on juvenile crime based on what we enlisting millions and millions of volunteers know works. to guarantee children a healthy start, access This February I sent legislation to Con- to basic skills, a mentor, a safe environment, gress that would declare war on gangs, with and the chance to serve themselves. Repub- new prosecutors and tougher penalties. It licans and Democrats alike applauded this would also extend the Brady bill so that summit. It highlighted successful efforts to someone who commits a violent crime as a juvenile is barred from buying a gun as an guarantee children a safe environment. adult. It would require that child safety locks Now, this bill the House passed ignores be sold with guns to keep children from hurt- the real spirit of the summit, its bipartisan- ing themselves or each other. It would help ship and its focus on what works. The plain keep schools open after hours, on weekends, evidence of what is working right now to save and in the summer to keep children off the our children is nowhere apparent in this bill. streets and out of trouble. It’s the same old tough rhetoric without any This is a tough and balanced approach prevention, without any change in the envi- based on what is actually working at the local ronment to make it harder for gangs to func- level. In Boston, where many of these efforts tion, or without real toughness in every State are already in place, youth murders have in America. Perhaps most troubling, the dropped 80 percent in 5 years, and not one House bill rejects my call to cut off young child has been killed with a gun in over a people’s access to guns, now the third leading year and a half. cause of death for young people between the Unfortunately, this Thursday, the House ages of 13 and 24. We must begin with the of Representatives passed the juvenile justice simple precaution of child safety locks. It’s bill that falls far short of that promise. The heartbreaking when a gun owned by a law- House bill is weak on guns, and it walks away abiding parent is used by a child to hurt from the crime prevention initiatives that can themselves or others. According to a National save a teenager from a life of crime. And Institute of Justice survey, 185 children died as drafted, it would actually only reach a few in 1994 because of accidental shootings. States with the good it does do. Now, if we can have safety precautions to The House bill does not ensure the new prevent children from opening bottles of as- antigang prosecutors we desperately need to pirin, surely we can have the same safety pre- pursue and punish violent juveniles. It does cautions to prevent children from using guns.

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Extending the Brady bill is critical as well. people. But it also demands that we work If you commit a violent crime as a 17-year- together to bring the benefit of change to old, you should not be able to buy a gun all our citizens and to band together to meet on your 21st birthday. I challenge Congress the transnational threats that respect no bor- to pass a real juvenile justice bill, one that’s ders. tough on gangs and tough on guns and is That’s what the Partnership for Prosperity serious about the kind of prevention efforts and Security in the Caribbean that we signed we know will work. today is all about. It lays out an ambitious To me, a juvenile justice bill that doesn’t action plan to expand trade with the Carib- limit children’s access to guns is a bill that bean; to launch the Caribbean clean energy walks away from the problem. Not a single initiative to better protect the environment; hunter would lose a gun because of child to create a Caribbean scholars program so safety locks. Not a single law-abiding citizen students have access to specialized training; would be denied a gun if we extend the to support the banks that make low-interest Brady bill to those with violent juvenile loans readily available to workers, farmers, records. But countless young lives would be and women’s groups; and to deepen our co- saved if stolen guns became useless guns and operation to fight drugs and organized crime. if lawless juveniles became gunless adults. Working as partners, we can help build a If Congress really wants to get tough on future of peace and prosperity for all our chil- juvenile crime, then it’s time to get tough dren to enjoy. That’s what we’ve committed on guns and take them out of the hands of to do at our summit in Barbados; that’s what violent juveniles. We’ve come a long way in we’ll continue to do as neighbors, friends, the last 41⁄2 years. But to really make sure and partners. we prepare our children for the 21st century, we have got to give them a safe and orderly NOTE: The address was recorded at approximately environment where they can make the most 3 p.m. on May 9 aboard Air Force One for later broadcast by Voice of America to Latin American of their future and of the world they will soon outlets. inherit. Thanks for listening. Remarks at a Welcoming Ceremony NOTE: The address was recorded at 2:50 p.m. on With Caribbean Leaders in May 9 aboard Air Force One for broadcast at 10:06 a.m. on May 10. Bridgetown May 10, 1997 Address to the People of Central and To our host, Prime Minister, if I had South America known earlier in my life that George Wash- May 10, 1997 ington came here as a young man, I would have been here before. [Laughter] I thank Good morning. I’m speaking to you today you for the warm welcome that you have from Bridgetown, Barbados. I’m proud to be given to me and to my wife, to Secretary the first American President to meet with Albright, and our delegation. Caribbean leaders in the heart of the Carib- I wanted to make the important point last bean. This was not a meeting between Carib- night, and I would like to make it again, that bean nations and the United States, it was while we have gathered as a group before a meeting among Caribbean nations includ- in the White House and in Port au Prince, ing the United States. this is the first time an American President We are charting a roadmap for how we has actually held a summit with the Carib- can work together for the benefit of all of bean heads of Government in the region it- our people as we move into a new century. self. But the point I wish to make is that Today, every nation in the Americas but one this is not a meeting between Caribbean na- has embraced free elections and open mar- tions and the United States, but rather a kets. This hopeful moment gives us real op- meeting among Caribbean nations including portunities to improve the lives of all our the United States.

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Puerto Rico and the American Virgin Is- NOTE: The President spoke at 10:13 a.m. in the lands lie at the heart of this region. We are North West Plenary Conference Room at the joined today by the Governor of the Virgin Sherbourne Center. A tape was not available for Islands, Governor Roy Schneider; the con- verification of the content of these remarks. gressional delegate from Puerto Rico and former Governor, Carlos Romero-Barcelo´. The President’s News Conference Last night the delegate from the Virgin Is- With Caribbean Leaders in lands, Donna Christian-Green, was here with Bridgetown us, and we also have Congresswoman Maxine May 10, 1997 Waters from California here. The United States is very much aware that Prime Minister Arthur. Mr. Chairman, millions of our fellow citizens trace their her- President of the United States of America, itage to these islands and that we have bene- fellow Caribbean heads of state and govern- fited immeasurably from them. More than ment, Secretary General of CARICOM, dis- ever before, we are linked economically and tinguished delegates, members of the press. politically. Every nation but one in the Carib- First, I should like to say that my wife and bean has chosen free elections and free mar- I are pleased that you could find it possible kets. I am proud that the United States has to come to share the residence with us. It long been a beacon for freedom in this hemi- is my pleasure to inform you that the just sphere. But I am proud that so many of the concluded Caribbean-United States summit other nations represented around this table has been a great success. have also been long beacons for freedom. The signing of the—[inaudible]—declara- And like all the rest of you, we are espe- tion of principles is tangible expression of the cially gratified to be joined by the second new partnership between the Caribbean democratically elected President of Haiti States and the government and the people and, President Preval, we’re glad you’re here of the United States of America. Equally im- portant is a plan of action which gives con- and we wish you well and we’re with you crete expression to the commitment of the all the way. Caribbean States and the United States of We have a lot of work to do today, and America to cooperate on trade, development, I will try to be brief. We have to work on finance, the environment, as well as on jus- means to expand the quality of our lives by tice and security. expanding trade, by helping small economies The summit has afforded our region the compete in a global economy, by strengthen- opportunity to present as one its perspectives ing the education of our children, and deep- on several concerns which we share with the ening our cooperation against crime and United States of America. History and shared drugs. If we work together we can bring the traditions already unite us. As technology and benefits of change to our citizens and beat globalization bring us closer together, it is back the darker aspects of it. We can meet inevitable that meetings of this type will be the new threats to our security and enhance necessary to share perspectives, coordinate our prosperity. actions, and to find solutions to common I want this summit to be the start of an problems. ongoing and deeper process of Caribbean co- On this historic occasion, we have been operation. We have worked very hard, all of able to undertake a detailed review and anal- us have, to make this summit productive. We ysis of critical aspects of the relationship be- have a rich and full document to which we tween the Caribbean nations and the United are all going to commit ourselves. But still, States of America. We have also been able we must be committed to working over the to lay the foundations for future cooperation months and years ahead for our people and and consultation. our Caribbean community, and that is my This summit is but the first step in a proc- commitment to you. This summit should be ess of reaffirming and redefining a partner- the beginning, not the end of this process. ship between our two societies. We have Thank you. come a long way in a short time from our

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first meeting at Sam Lord’s castle through all the nations that are a part of the Carib- the meeting of the working groups and sub- bean, including the United States, we have committee in Tobago and St. Lucia, to a just agreed to chart a course that will enable us concluded summit at Sherbourne and here to move forward and together in the days at Ilaro Court. ahead. We have discussed matters relating Through these discussions, Mr. President, to democracy, development, and security, your Special Envoy, Mr. Richard Clark, has recognizing the considerable interlinkages been a valuable and critical advocate in ad- which necessarily exist between all these im- vancing our discussions. The need for an ac- portant subjects. cessible contact between us cannot be over- Today we have signed the Bridgetown dec- stated. It is my hope that any arrangement laration and a plan of action which charts a of this type will not end with the summit course for progress and for unity and for inte- activities but will continue to allow future grated development within our region. We consultations between the Governments of were very pleased at the firm and unequivo- the Caribbean and United States to prosper. cal commitment given by the President of In the preparatory stages for the summit, the United States and his administration of the States of the Caribbean have been ably the priority which is to be attached to the represented by the Foreign Minister Ralph question of NAFTA parity. And we are Maraj of Trinidad and Tobago; Foreign Min- pleased at the prospect of that legislation ister, Mr. Rohee of Guyana; Attorney Gen- being presented to the consideration of the eral David Simmons of Barbados; and Am- Congress of the United States and will do bassador Richard Bernal of Jamaica. I wish everything in our power to make representa- to place on record as well our appreciation tions that will ensure its favorable consider- for the magnificent contribution of the Sec- ation and early passage. retary General of CARICOM and his staff Not surprisingly, we spent some time on and the advisors. the issue of bananas. And I have the authority Barbados is proud and honored to host this of the Prime Minister of St. Lucia, Dr. summit, the first of its kind between the Car- Vaughn Lewis, to quote something he said ibbean States and the Government of the to us today, ‘‘For many of our countries, ba- United States of America. I am confident that nanas is to us what cars are to Detroit.’’ history will recall this summit as having Here in Bridgetown, we have reaffirmed forged a new and a lasting bond between the our resolve to fight crime, violence, corrup- people of our nations and those of the United tion, trafficking in drugs and illegal weapons States of America. It is in this spirit, there- by a seamless alliance between the United fore, that I now have the greatest pleasure States of America and the sovereign nations in introducing the Prime Minister of Jamaica, of the Caribbean. We cannot allow the drug the Right Honorable P.J. Patterson, Chair- cartels and international criminal organiza- man of the Conference of Heads of Govern- tions operating in or across our borders to ments of the Caribbean Community to ad- threaten our democratic institutions to per- dress you. I thank you. vert our system of justice and destroy the Prime Minister Patterson. Presidents of health and well-being of our citizens, young the United States of America, Haiti, or old. Suriname, and Guyana, colleague heads of We have also raised the need, if we are government, ladies and gentlemen. In the to be engaged in partnership, for there to closest of families, difficulties are bound to be a process of collective evaluation and deci- arise from time to time in their relationships. sionmaking, rather than unilateral assess- For those relationships to endure, it is essen- ments. And we have established some ma- tial that they must have the capacity from chinery that will enable us to facilitate this. time to time to meet within the bosom of We are committed to the notion of a trans- the family and to sort out whatever difficul- Caribbean community which would embrace ties may have arisen. all the countries washed by the Caribbean Today is one such occasion. And as a result Sea. This we see as a major plank in the new of the family meeting we have had among partnership which today’s summit is intended

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to forge between the sovereign nations of the in our hemisphere is fair to our Caribbean Caribbean and the United States. partners. We see here in Bridgetown the opening When I return to Washington, I will sub- of a new chapter, the start of a meaningful mit a Caribbean Basin trade enhancement dialog. It was good for us to be here, and act to Congress. When passed, this legislation together, we intend to do it the Caribbean will increase trade for all the Caribbean na- way. tions and help them to prepare to take part President Clinton. Good afternoon. in a free-trade area of the Americas. Prime Minister Arthur, Prime Minister Pat- We’re also committed to help the Carib- terson, fellow Caribbean leaders, let me bean nations diversify their economies and begin by thanking our Barbadian hosts for become more competitive. I discussed with their hospitality and all the leaders for their my fellow leaders their concern for the Car- hard work in making this summit a success. ibbean banana industry. In pursuing and win- I’m honored to be here with the Secretary ning our case at the World Trade Organiza- of State and several members of my Cabinet, tion, our target was a discriminatory Euro- as well as a distinguished delegation inter- pean system, not the Caribbean nations. I ested in the Caribbeans from the Congress: made it clear that as we work toward a solu- Congresswoman Maxine Waters, the Chair- tion with our European partners, we will con- man of the Congressional Black Caucus; tinue to support duty-free access for Carib- Congressman Carlos Romero-Barcelo´, the bean bananas in the European market, and delegate from Puerto Rico; and Governor we will seek ways to promote diversification Roy Schneider from the Virgin Islands. of the Caribbean economies. The partnership for prosperity and secu- When economies are strong, they can bet- rity in the Caribbean that we signed today ter resist the pressures of organized crime, is a broad and ambitious plan of action. It the drugpushers, the gunrunners, the alien can make a real difference for our people’s smugglers, the criminal gangs. But to truly lives and livelihoods, promoting open and fair conquer them, we must work together. trade, protecting the environment, strength- That’s why I’m pleased we’ve been able to ening education, spreading telecommuni- conclude agreements for maritime law en- cations, extending loans to small businesses, forcement cooperation with more countries and combating international crime and drug in the region, including most recently Ja- trafficking. maica and Barbados. Today, the United Just as important as the commitments States committed to help our Caribbean we’ve made is our determination to see them partners strengthen their fight against drug through with an ongoing, intensified process trafficking, providing aircraft and Coast of Caribbean cooperation. The followup Guard cutters to patrol the sky and the sea. structures we’ve put in place, including an We will participate in international negotia- annual meeting among our foreign ministers tions to outlaw and prevent traffic in illegal and high-level working groups on justice and arms, and we will help to establish a Carib- security and on development, finance, and bean institute to train investigators and pros- the environment, will help us to turn our ac- ecutors to combat money laundering, so that tion plan into actions. criminals will no longer be able to scrub the I want to highlight two areas where our fingerprints off their profits. cooperation is especially important: helping Working together, we can build a future our people to thrive in the global economy of prosperity and security for our people. But and fighting crime and drugs. The move to- the scope is broad, and a commitment is ward open and competitive trade around the deep as the waters that link our shores. world and in our hemisphere is bringing new Thank you very much. opportunities for people to prosper. But rapid change is disruptive as well, as people Cuba and Discussions With the struggle to acquire new skills and nations Caribbean Leaders strive to compete. The United States is work- Q. Mr. President, I wonder, first of all, ing to ensure that the transition to free trade if you could comment on the tone of your

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discussions and your reception here today, tunity to indicate to the President over lunch given the admitted lack of U.S. attention to the steps which we think would be possible the region in the past. And specifically, given to secure that objective. the political baggage that accompanies U.S. Prime Minister Arthur. If I may, quickly. policy toward Cuba, were the Caribbean It should not escape your attention that this leaders able to offer you any constructive is the first-ever summit between the Govern- suggestions on how you could shift your han- ment of the United States of America and dling of Havana more from the negative to the Caribbean that has ever been held on the positive? And I’d also like to extend that Caribbean soil. And that, in and of itself, question to any Caribbean leader who would should represent the sense of partnership like to take it. that we are trying to build on matters of cru- President Clinton. Well, first of all, we cial importance to the two sets of societies. did not discuss Cuba. We talked about what This spirit has not only been parlayed in the those who are represented here could do to- diplomatic sense of the word but has been gether. And secondly, I believe that I have constructive to the extent that it has sought demonstrated my good faith and the good to address matters of immediate con- faith of this administration toward the Carib- sequence, as well as to lay a framework for bean in many ways. We have already been the long-term development of the relation- together in Washington, right before our op- ships between the two sets of societies. eration to restore democracy in Haiti. Most We have approached this summit with a of us were gathered in Haiti when we cele- sense of pragmatic optimism. We do not be- brated that restoration. And I think it is well- lieve that all of the concerns between our known that at the time we fought for and two sets of societies will be dealt with in one succeeded in passing NAFTA in Congress, swoop. But we feel that the putting in place I made a strong plea that we make sure that of a partnership and a mechanism for the the Caribbean nations not be discriminated followup of actions will allow us to be able against. to redress some of the imbalances in the rela- I think we have now found a formula that tionship of the past and chart new directions will permit us to do that, that I believe has for the future. a good chance of passing in the Congress, and it is included in my budget. And so I Haiti feel quite good about the legislation I’m Q. In the just-signed document, partner going to introduce, and I’m going to work for prosperity, the chief of states and govern- hard to pass it and to establish a closer, more ment at the summit pledged to give priority ongoing relations with all these nations. consideration to technologies such as the Do you want one of them to reply? Internet. President Clinton, if asked by Presi- Prime Minister Patterson. Our working dent Preval, will your administration tangibly sessions included a business session this support a plan to link all public schools in morning, which we have just concluded, and Haiti to the Internet by the year 2004, on a working lunch, to which we will now em- the 200-year anniversary of Haiti’s independ- bark. There are a number of matters that ence? could not be covered in the business session, President Clinton. Well, this is the first and the opportunity of a working lunch I have heard about this specific proposal, so among the heads will afford us an oppor- I hate to answer a question ‘‘yes’’ when I tunity of discussing those subjects in the inti- don’t know whether I can do it or not. But macy of that setting. let me say, you may know that we are at- The views of the Caribbean leaders are tempting to link all of our classrooms and well known, insofar as Cuba is concerned. libraries to the Internet in the United States Cuba is a Caribbean territory. We would like by the year 2000, and then we want to move to see steps taken that would integrate Cuba aggressively to try to establish those kinds of fully not only in the Caribbean family but interconnections with our allies elsewhere. into the hemispheric family of nations. And And I believe that with Haiti struggling to we would certainly want to use the oppor- both preserve democracy and overcome eco-

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nomic adversity, the nation and the children to be the main supplier or someone else to would benefit immensely if that could be be the main supplier. done. We have no interest in doing this for pure- So I would certainly be willing to try to ly economic reasons, and we have no interest help. If I know I can do it, I will tell you, in promoting an arms race in Latin America. yes, I can do it. But I haven’t had time to So the judgment that I’m trying to make— be briefed on it. But I am very open to the and I haven’t received a final recommenda- suggestion, trying to help. tion on it from my administration top person- nel—is whether or not, given the facts in the U.S. Arms Embargo Against Latin various countries, it would be better for them America and Whitewater and better for us and better for peace over the long run in Latin America for these air- Q. Thank you very much, Prime Minister planes essentially to be supplied by the Unit- Arthur—Wolf Blitzer from CNN. I wonder ed States as opposed to someone else. if all of you would be interested in reacting Now, on the other issue, I think that Mr. to the open letter from Oscar Arias that was Starr must be—I haven’t seen the speech, written to President Clinton while he was in but I think he must be referring to the 8th Costa Rica, appealing to him not to lift the Circuit case, the facts of which have now U.S. arms embargo to sell sophisticated war- been made public, and I don’t have anything planes to countries in Latin America, which to add to what my counsel said. I think that is on the agenda right now. it’s obvious that for several years now we’ve And President Clinton, I wonder if you’ve been quite cooperative, and we’ll continue made up your mind whether or not you’re to be. The White House Counsel made his going to sell F–16’s and other sophisticated statement, and I think it’s clear and self-evi- warplanes and hardware to these countries, dent what he said and why. at a time when he says—former President Would you like to say anything about the Arias—that they need their money for more arms issue, either one of you? productive purposes as opposed to weaponry. Prime Minister Patterson. I would say And with the indulgence of your host, I won- very simply that I have participated in a gath- der if I could ask you a parochial question. ering at the conference center a few weeks Kenneth Starr, the Whitewater independent ago at which the proposal conveyed by counsel, at this hour is scheduled to be deliv- former President Arias to President Clinton ering a speech in which he says the White was fully discussed and endorsed. Jamaica as House is an impediment to his investigation, a government supports the appeal. and I wonder if you have any reaction to his comment. Thank you. Immigration President Clinton. I don’t object to the Q. President Clinton, what guarantees can Prime Ministers commenting on—is this on? you give us here in the Caribbean that your Now can you hear? I’ll just speak up. I don’t new immigration laws won’t lead to mass re- object to the Prime Ministers commenting patriation of illegal Caribbean immigrants in on the arms decision, but on that I can tell the United States? you that no decision has been made yet. And my second question is for Mr. Patter- The United States will not knowingly do son. Can you tell us if you’ve got any assur- anything that will spark a new arms race or ance from the President that criminals in the divert funds from defense to—from non- United—Caribbean criminals in the United defense to defense areas in Latin America. States won’t be sent back home without any The real question is whether or not the ar- information being conveyed to you, without mies in question where the militaries have any mechanisms being put in place to deal discussed this with our country are going to with them when they arrive here? upgrade their militaries anyway and whether President Clinton. First of all, let me it would be better in fending off future con- point out that I believe the United States has flicts and controlling defense spending for the most generous immigration policy of any the United States, their hemispheric partner, large nation in the world. Last year, over

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900,000 legal immigrants were admitted to bean and no social contact to the commu- the United States. nities to which they are being returned. And In order to sustain a policy that generous, we, therefore, think if it is not to fuel the it also has to have some integrity. And looking criminal problem, it is a matter that we have at it, I suppose you could say we had two to address within the gambit of the coopera- choices. We could just lower the legal immi- tion to which we have pledged ourselves. gration target dramatically to take account of Prime Minister Arthur. I wish to add, all those who are entering illegally, or instead please, that on the matter of the possible ef- we could reward those who wait, play by the fects of U.S. law on Caribbean immigrants rules, and obey the law, and try to strengthen was a matter that was frankly discussed at our capacity to stop illegal immigrants from our summit today. We represented the con- coming into the country, which we propose cerns of our nationals, and we have im- to do by stiffening our controls primarily at pressed on the President the need for any the border, in the workplace, and when peo- legislation to be applied in a manner that is ple get into the criminal justice system. not discriminatory, nor is unfair and nor Now, having said that, I can assure you, that—and you put at risk the security and as I told the leaders of the Central American prosperity of legal immigrants in the United countries, no one nation or region will be States of America. targeted, and there will be no mass deporta- And I just want to add on the second mat- tions. We are increasing our capacity to deal ter that as regards the matter of deportees, with people we find in the workplace, at the Barbados has managed to work out a com- borders, in the criminal justice system. prehensive framework with United States of Finally—Prime Minister Patterson and America on all matters pertaining to the fight Prime Minister Arthur might want to com- against drugs. And I’m pleased to say that ment on this—I do not believe it is right for I’m advised by my Attorney General that in- the United States to send people back to cluded in that comprehensive framework is their native lands, who have been in our a protocol establishing the rules that will be criminal justice system, without appropriate applied in the return of Barbadians to Bar- advance warning and notice. And I pledged bados. And we regard this as a substantial to them that I would set up such a system. advance. And I’m also pleased that our plan It is not right for us to do it otherwise. of action sets out a multilateral approach to Would you like to say something? dealing with this potentially—[inaudible]— Prime Minister Patterson. By recogniz- issue. ing the right of each State to determine its policies on deportation, subject to inter- national law, the plan of action to which we Immigration and Trade agreed set out a number of specific measures Q. You promised—on every stop of this that should be put in place. The President trip, including today, you have promised to has referred to one of them, the provision try to soften the new immigration law and of adequate advance notice to designated au- try to extend trade preferences. But you can’t thorities prior to the deportation of anyone. get any of that done without congressional We also think that adequate information approval and, in the case of bananas, without should be provided regarding the persons to cooperation with the European Union. What be deported and, of course, it must be estab- happens to these relationships here in lished that the person being deported is a Central America and in Mexico if you can’t national of the receiving State. deliver on your rhetoric? Let me say very frankly why the problem President Clinton. Well, first of all, with is so acute. We have found in several cases regard to the immigration law, the only thing people being deported who have lived in the that I was attempting to change in the immi- United States not only for all their adult life, gration law, the congressional leadership has but have gone there from the days of early agreed to change. They’ve agreed to restore childhood with their entire families, and they benefits to legal immigrants, which I thought have no family connection back in the Carib- was important.

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We can under the existing law have the that overthrew the first democratically elect- kind of protocols that Prime Minister dis- ed President of Haiti, Jean-Bertrand Aristide. cussed where we pledge not to violate the And following that, there were a lot of prom- human rights of any particular group of peo- ises that gave hope to the Haitian people. ple, we pledge not to target any particular But since then, except for some very limited group, we pledge not to engage in mass de- contributions, there is a sense that the Amer- portations. That is not required under our ican administration, under your leadership, law, nor was it contemplated. has not done enough to help meet the expec- To say that a country should and must have tations and the most crucial needs of the Hai- the capacity to enforce its immigration law tian people. My question is, what are the next is not the same thing as saying that there’s steps that the United States intends to take going to be some huge roundup here. We to show that democracy can bring prosperity just want to be able to enforce the law when as promised in Haiti? we come in contact with people who have President Clinton. Well, first of all, that plainly violated it. So I don’t agree that we is a complicated question because it requires need congressional cooperation there, al- significant actions on behalf of the Haitian though I believe it’s consistent with what people as well as those around the world who Congress intended when they passed the law. wish to support Haiti. Now, on this trade issue and on the ques- I am going to have a meeting with Presi- tion of getting fast-track authority from Con- dent Preval later this afternoon, after lunch, gress, generally, I think that everyone under- and we are going to discuss that, and I will stands, and I made it clear in our meetings, have some other examples of specific things that all I could do was ask the Congress for the United States intends to do. But I can its support, that there was opposition in both tell you that I believe that we should be in- parties to expanded trade, but there was volved, over the long run, in trying to help strong support in both parties to expanded to restore the economy and to restore the trade. We’ve been through these arguments environment of Haiti—without which the before in the last few years, but I would say economy cannot be sustained—and to main- the last time we had the debate back in ’93, tain the integrity of the democracy. So we the American economy was not in nearly the will be working hard on all those issues with- shape it’s in now and the Congress did the in the limits of our ability to do it. We will right thing for the future of America and the do as much as we can. It’s very important future of the Americas, and I believe it will to me. be inclined to do so again. Whitewater Haiti Q. I know you answered Wolf’s [Wolf Q. My question is directed to President Blitzer, Cable News Network] question, but Clinton. To fight the high cost of living, the you didn’t go very far, and Ken Starr really Government of Haiti has put in place a pro- came out quite strongly today. I wonder if gram of agrarian reform to provide Haitian you have begun to take this a little bit person- farmers with technical means and rural credit ally. And also, today, he said very strongly to increase their capacity of production. I that he believes that White House lawyers would like to know if the United States is are paid by the Federal Government, they ready to help in realizing this agrarian reform represent the Federal Government, and as in Haiti, because it is important for agri- such, they are duty-bound to disclose rel- culture and for the people to find something evant information to a Federal grand jury. to eat. That’s number one. As President, do you agree with that? And But number two, I would like to mention again, as I asked before, do you feel that this that in Haiti, there is a sense of profound has become a little personal? gratitude toward you, personally, President President Clinton. Well, not on my part. Clinton, and toward the U.S.A. for the role Perhaps on—you know, you said he’s the one played in the restoration of constitutional that came out strongly. I’m just over here order in Haiti after the military coup d’etat doing my job in the Caribbean. [Laughter]

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I can only say what I have said before. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Chuck Ruff, whom I believe has a reputation (IDEA). I am hopeful that the Senate will as a lawyer of impeccable integrity and who do the same shortly. is an expert in these kinds of processes, came Over the last 20 years, the IDEA has made to me and said that the effect of the decision it possible for young people with disabilities would be not confined to the President, the to reach their full potential. This legislation First Lady, the Chief of Staff at the White strengthens and reaffirms our commitment House—any group of people, that the posi- to these children and their parents, and I tion that the Special Counsel was arguing for look forward to signing it into law. would, in effect, abolish the lawyer-client This legislation is the result of a bipartisan privilege between a Federal Government process that involved hard work not only by lawyer and a Federal employee at any level both Democrats and Republicans in the Con- under any circumstances. gress but also by the Department of Edu- Now, the law firms in America might be cation and representatives of the education ecstatic about that because it would certainly and disability communities. I hope that we make a lot more private business for lawyers. can continue in this bipartisan spirit and But he came to me and said, ‘‘I cannot tell move forward on the rest of our agenda to you how emphatically I believe that this case improve education and prepare America for must be appealed.’’ He said, ‘‘I’m your law- the 21st century. yer; I know you haven’t done anything wrong, I know you’ve made all the evidence available Message to the Congress on Iran to them. This is a major constitutional ques- tion, and Mr. President, you do not have the May 13, 1997 right to go along with saying that every Fed- eral employee in America should lose the at- To the Congress of the United States: torney-client privilege under these cir- I hereby report to the Congress on devel- cumstances if the Federal employee has a opments since the last Presidential report of lawyer in the Federal Government.’’ Now, November 14, 1996, concerning the national that’s what he said to me. I cannot enlighten emergency with respect to Iran that was de- you any more. If you want to know any more clared in Executive Order 12170 of Novem- about it, you’ve got to ask him. ber 14, 1979. This report is submitted pursu- ant to section 204(c) of the International NOTE: The President’s 145th news conference Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. began at 1:33 p.m. at the Prime Minister’s resi- 1703(c) (IEEPA). This report covers events dence, following the signing of the Bridgetown through March 31, 1997. My last report, Declaration of Principles. The Caribbean leaders dated November 14, 1996, covered events were Prime Minister Owen Arthur of Barbados and Prime Minister Percival James (P.J.) Patter- through September 16, 1996. son of Jamaica. In his remarks, the President re- 1. The Iranian Assets Control Regulations, ferred to Counsel to the President Charles F. Ruff 31 CFR Part 535 (IACR), were amended on and President Rene Preval of Haiti. Prime Min- October 21, 1996 (61 Fed. Reg. 54936, Octo- ister Patterson referred to former President Oscar ber 23, 1996), to implement section 4 of the Arias of Costa Rica. Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990, as amended by the Debt Collec- tion Improvement Act of 1996, by adjusting Statement on House Passage of the for inflation the amount of the civil monetary Individuals With Disabilities penalties that may be assessed under the Education Act Amendments of 1997 Regulations. The amendment increases the May 13, 1997 maximum civil monetary penalty provided in the Regulations from $10,000 to $11,000 per I am pleased that the House today took violation. a major step toward ensuring high quality The amended Regulations also reflect an educational opportunities for all students amendment to 18 U.S.C. 1001 contained in with disabilities by voting to reauthorize the section 330016(1)(L) of Public Law 103–322,

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September 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147. Finally, brought against the United States by Iran, the amendment notes the availability of high- in coordination with concerned government er criminal fines for violations of IEEPA pur- agencies. suant to the formulas set forth in 18 U.S.C. On December 3, 1996, the Tribunal issued 3571. A copy of the amendment is attached. its award in Case B/36, the U.S. claim for 2. The Iran-United States Claims Tribunal amounts due from Iran under two World (the ‘‘Tribunal’’), established at The Hague War II military surplus property sales agree- pursuant to the Algiers Accords, continues ments. While the Tribunal dismissed the U.S. to make progress in arbitrating the claims be- claim as to one of the agreements on jurisdic- fore it. Since the period covered in my last tional grounds, it found Iran liable for breach report, the Tribual has rendered eight of the second (and larger) agreement and or- awards. This brings the total number of dered Iran to pay the United States principal awards rendered to 579, the majority of and interest in the amount of $43,843,826.89. which have been in favor of U.S. claimants. Following payment of the award, Iran re- As of March 24, 1997, the value of awards quested the Tribunal to reconsider both the to successful U.S. claimants from the Secu- merits of the case and the calculation of in- rity Account held by the NV Settlement Bank terest; Iran’s request was denied by the Tri- was $2,424,959,689.37. bunal on March 17, 1997. Since my last report, Iran has failed to re- Under the February 22, 1996, agreement plenish the Security Account established by that settled the Iran Air case before the the Algiers Accords to ensure payment of International Court of Justice and Iran’s awards to successful U.S. claimants. Thus, bank-related claims against the United States since November 5, 1992, the Security Ac- before the Tribunal (reported in my report count has continuously remained below the of May 17, 1996), the United States agreed $500 million balance required by the Algiers ex gratia Accords. As of March 24, 1997, the total to make payments to the families amount in the Security Account was of Iranian victims of the 1988 Iran Air 655 $183,818,133.20, and the total amount in the shootdown and a fund was established to pay Interest Account was $12,053,880.39. There- Iranian bank debt owed to U.S. nationals. As fore, the United States continues to pursue of March 17, 1997, payments were author- Case A/28, filed in September 1993, to re- ized to be made to surviving family members quire Iran to meet its obligation under the of 125 Iranian victims of the aerial incident, Algiers Accords to replenish the Security Ac- totaling $29,100,000.00. In addition, pay- count. Iran filed its Rejoinder on April 8, ment of 28 claims by U.S. nationals against 1997. Iranian banks, totaling $9,002,738.45 was au- The United States also continues to pursue thorized. Case A/29 to require Iran to meets its obliga- On December 12, 1996, the Department tion of timely payment of its equal share of of State filed the U.S. Hearing Memorial and advances for Tribunal expenses when di- Evidence on Liability in Case A/11. In this rected to do so by the Tribunal. The United case, Iran alleges that the United States States filed its Reply to the Iranian Statement failed to perform its obligations under Para- of Defense on October 11, 1996. graphs 12–14 of the Algiers Accords, relating Also since my last report, the United States to the return to Iran of assets of the late Shah appointed Richard Mosk as one of the three and his close relatives. A hearing date has U.S. arbitrators on the Tribunal. Judge Mosk, yet to be scheduled. who has previously served on the Tribunal On October 9, 1996, the Tribunal dis- and will be joining the Tribunal officially in missed Case B/58, Iran’s claim for damages May of this year, will replace Judge Richard arising out of the U.S. operation of Iran’s Allison, who has served on the Tribunal since southern railways during the Second World 1988. War. The Tribunal held that it lacked juris- 3. The Department of State continues to diction over the claim under Article II, para- pursue other United States Government graph two, of the Claims Settlement Declara- claims against Iran and to respond to claims tion.

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4. Since my last report, the Tribunal con- 5. The situation reviewed above continues ducted two hearings and issued awards in six to implicate important diplomatic, financial, private claims. On February 24–25, 1997, and legal interests of the United States and Chamber One held a hearing in a dual na- its nationals and presents an unusual chal- tional claim, G.E. Davidson v. The Islamic lenge to the national security and foreign pol- Republic of Iran, Claim No. 457. The claim- icy of the United States. The Iranian Assets ant is requesting compensation for real prop- Control Regulations issued pursuant to Exec- erty that he claims was expropriated by the utive Order 12170 continue to play an impor- Government of Iran. On October 24, 1996, tant role in structuring our relationship with Chamber Two held a hearing in Case 274, Iran and in enabling the United States to im- Monemi v. The Islamic Republic of Iran, also plement properly the Algiers Accords. I shall concerning the claim of a dual national. continue to exercise the powers at my dis- On December 2, 1996, Chamber Three is- posal to deal with these problems and will sued a decision in Johangir & Jila Mohtadi continue to report periodically to the Con- v. The Islamic Republic of Iran (AWD 573– gress on significant developments. 271–3), awarding the claimants $510,000 William J. Clinton plus interest for Iran’s interference with the The White House, claimants’ property rights in real property in May 13, 1997. Velenjak. The claimants also were awarded $15,000 in costs. On December 10, 1996, NOTE: This message was released by the Office Chamber Three issued a decision in Reza of the Press Secretary on May 14. Nemazee v. The Islamic Republic of Iran (AWD 575–4–3), dismissing the expropria- Remarks on the NATO-Russia tion claim for lack of proof. On February 25, Founding Act and an Exchange With 1997, Chamber Three issued a decision in Dadras Int’l v. The Islamic Republic of Iran Reporters (AWD 578–214–3), dismissing the claim May 14, 1997 against Kan Residential Corp. for failure to The President. Good afternoon. Today in prove that it is an ‘‘agency, instrumentality, Moscow, we have taken an historic step clos- or entity controlled by the Government of er to a peaceful, undivided, democratic Eu- Iran’’ and dismissing the claim against Iran rope for the first time in history. The agree- for failure to prove expropriation or other ment that NATO Secretary General Solana measures affecting property rights. Dadras and Russian Foreign Minister Primakov have had previously received a substantial recov- reached and which we expect to be approved ery pursuant to a partial award. On March by NATO’s governing council this week, 26, 1997, Chamber Two issued a final award forms a practical partnership between NATO in Case 389, Westinghouse Electric Corp. v. and Russia that will make America, Europe, The Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force and Russia stronger and more secure. The (AWD 579–389–2), awarding Westinghouse agreement builds on the understandings that $2,553,930.25 plus interest in damages aris- I reached with President Yeltsin in Helsinki. ing from the Iranian Air Force’s breach of It helps to pave the way for NATO, as it en- contract with Westinghouse. larges to take in new members, to build a Finally, there were two settlements of new relationship with Russia that benefits all claims of dual nationals, which resulted in of us. awards on agreed terms. They are Dora In this century, Europe has suffered Elghanayan, et al. v. The Islamic Republic through two cold wars—through two World of Iran (AAT 576–800/801/802/803/804–3), Wars and a cold war. And America has also in which Iran agreed to pay the claimants paid a heavy price. Three years ago at the $3,150,000, and Lilly Mythra Fallah Law- NATO summit in Brussels, I laid out a vision rence v. The Islamic Republic of Iran (AAT for a new, different Europe in the 21st cen- 577–390/391–1), in which Iran agreed to pay tury, an undivided Continent where our val- the claimant $1,000,000. ues of democracy and human rights, free

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markets and peace know no boundaries, torn Bosnia asunder, terrorism and weapons where nations know that their borders are proliferation. secure and their independence respected, This March in Helsinki, President Yeltsin where nations define their greatness by the and I agreed that despite our differences promise of their people, not their power to over NATO enlargement, the relationship dominate or destabilize. between the United States and Russia and For 50 years, NATO has been at the core the benefits to all of cooperation between of Europe and America’s security. From the NATO and Russia were too important to be start of my first administration, the United jeopardized. And we set out the principles States has worked to adapt NATO to new for how NATO and Russia could cooperate. missions in a new century, to open its doors Those form the basis for today’s agreement, to Europe’s new democracies, to strengthen an agreement that proves that the relation- its ties to nonmembers through the Partner- ship between NATO and Russia is not a zero- ship For Peace, and to forge a strong, pro- sum game and that the 21st century does not ductive relationship between NATO and a have to be trapped in the same assessments free, democratic Russia. These are goals Re- of advantage and loss that brought death and publicans and Democrats alike share, build- destruction and heartbreak to so many for ing on the legacy of bipartisan leadership in so long in the 20th century. Europe, begun after the war between Presi- It is possible to enlarge NATO, to maintain dent Truman, Secretary of State Marshall, its effectiveness as the most successful de- and Senator Arthur Vandenberg. fense alliance in history, to strengthen our Today’s agreement sets out a sustained co- partnership with Russia, and to do all this operative relationship between NATO and in a way that advances our common objec- Russia. NATO and Russia will consult and tives of freedom and human rights and peace coordinate regularly. Where they all agree, and prosperity. We can build a better Europe they will act jointly as they are doing today without lines or gray zones but with real se- in Bosnia. Russia will work closely with curity, real peace, and real hope for all its NATO but not within NATO, giving Russia citizens. A more secure, peaceful, and hope- a voice in but not a veto over NATO’s busi- ful Europe clearly means a better world for ness. Americans in the 21st century. I congratulate NATO Secretary General Thank you. Solana and Russian Foreign Minister Primakov. I look forward to personally thank- Russian Cooperation and NATO ing Secretary General Solana for his remark- Expansion able work when he visits here next week. Q. Mr. President, what do you think finally This agreement opens a way for a truly brought the Russians around, if there was historic signing in Paris next month—or ex- one deciding factor? And how much of a cuse me, it will be later this month now. Let problem is it going to be, now that you’ve me say that NATO’s relationship with Russia got the Russians sort of on board, to convince is a part of a larger process to adapt NATO Congress that NATO should, in fact, be ex- to new circumstances and new challenges in panded? the 21st century. Just 8 weeks from now in The President. Well, let me answer the Madrid, NATO will invite the first new mem- first question. I think what brought the Rus- bers to join our Alliance. Its doors will remain sians to this agreement was a sustained effort open to all those ready to shoulder the bur- at dialog between Russia and NATO and be- dens of membership. The first new members tween Russia and the United States and will not be the last. other friends of democratic Russia, making NATO, working with Russia and other it clear that NATO has a new mission, that friends of freedom, will see that we work to there was no attempt to be more threatening prevent a return to national rivalries, to de- to Russia but instead to build a common part- feat new threats to peace and freedom and nership for democratic values and demo- prosperity, like the ethnic rivalries that have cratic interests.

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Yesterday, President Havel of the Czech But keep in mind, all of us are trying to Republic had a very compelling article in one change the—not only the facts on the of our major newspapers, laying out that case. ground, if you will, but the whole pattern We are not going to define NATO in the of thought which has dominated the inter- 21st century in the same way we did in the national politics of Europe for 50 years. And 20th century. And we are trying to change even though the cold war is over, a lot of the realities that caused so much grief in the people want to go back to the kind of—kind last century. I think he understood that—that of an analysis that was more typical even be- in other words, that a democratic, free, non- fore World War II, in the late 19th and early aggressive—that is, in a destructive sense— 20th century. nonaggressive Russia is not threatened by an And we’re trying to change all that. We’re expanded NATO, particularly now that trying to prove that democracies can reach there’s going to be a partnership to work in across territorial lines to form partnerships areas which are in our common interests to that commit themselves not only to preserve work. So that’s the first thing. freedom within each other’s borders and the The second thing I would say is, in terms integrity of those borders but to face these of the Congress, now that the partnership has new transnational threats like terrorism, eth- been solidified between NATO and Russia, nic convulsions, and weapons proliferation. which I think is an important thing on its own merits, it would seem to me to be a Military Installations in New Member great mistake to deny countries that are States clearly able and willing and anxious to take on the responsibilities of NATO member- Q. Mr. President, President Yeltsin said ship, the opportunity to do that. The under- that you have made a precise commitment standings that we have reached among our- in this document to guarantee that there will selves about the process of expansion mean be no military installations in the new mem- that the members themselves are ready to ber states. Have you given those guarantees? expand. And I believe that in the end Con- The President. I would urge you, first of gress will support that, particularly since all all, to look at the language that Secretary of our NATO allies will be voting on to whom General Solana has agreed to and that our new membership will be offered. representatives have provisionally agreed to just in the last couple of hours. What the Russian Domestic Acceptance language does is to make it clear that there Q. How tough a sell does President Yeltsin are no plans and there are no reasons to, in have at home with this? effect, activate old Warsaw Pact military in- The President. Well, I would hope that stallations for what you might call traditional the clarifications that were hammered out, NATO aggressive forward-posturing but that first at Helsinki but then the excellent work we will have to use—there is an explicit un- that Secretary General Solana did, will help derstanding in the agreement that we will President Yeltsin to demonstrate that he has have to use some infrastructure for the secured an agreement which shows that, agreed-upon operations that are an integral while they don’t have a veto over NATO ac- part of being a NATO member. tions, that NATO has no plans, no intentions, So all we’re doing in the understanding is and has made clear that its mission is not to recognize, yes, there will be some use of to threaten, confine, or in any way under- military infrastructure so that the require- mine Russia; that we’re looking for a partner- ments of membership can be met by any new ship here between a democratic Russia and members, but, no, we are not moving the the democracies that are in NATO; and that dividing line of Europe from its old dividing this, in fact, will strengthen Russia’s security line between NATO and the Warsaw Pact and reduce the sense of anxiety that it might further east. So I think we got just exactly have otherwise felt, I believe. And I believe the right kind of understanding. And again, he’ll be in a position to argue that to the I think Secretary General Solana did it right. Russia people now in a forceful way. Thank you.

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NOTE: The President spoke at 2:29 p.m. in the ment and the ‘‘rules of the road.’’ Then fol- Rose Garden at the White House. In his remarks, low a few simple rules: wear a life jacket; he referred to NATO Secretary General Javier never drink while boating; operate at safe Solana and Foreign Minister Yevgeniy Primakov speeds; and be alert for weather changes. of Russia. The agreement was formally titled the Founding Act on Mutual Relations, Cooperation, By making safety the first priority and em- and Security and NATO and the Russian Federa- phasizing the necessity for all boaters, espe- tion. cially children, to wear life jackets, we can help to put tragic boating accidents behind us and enjoy more fully the beauty and ex- Proclamation 7003—National Safe citement of the open water. Boating Week, 1997 I commend the U.S. Coast Guard, Federal May 14, 1997 departments and agencies, States and local governments, and the many recreational By the President of the United States of America boating organizations who are actively pro- moting saving lives on the water through the A Proclamation theme of this year’s campaign: ‘‘Life Jackets. America’s scenic waterways—the beautiful They Float. You Don’t.’’ lakes, magnificent rivers, and immense In recognition of the importance of safe oceans at our borders—are a national treas- boating practices the year-round, the Con- ure. Some 76 million Americans of all ages gress, by joint resolution approved June 4, and abilities—more than one-fourth of our 1958 (36 U.S.C. 161), as amended, has au- Nation’s population—take to these vast re- thorized and requested the President to pro- sources every year to enjoy the beauty of the claim annually the seven-day period prior to outdoors, each in his or her own way. But the Memorial Day Weekend as ‘‘National boaters too often forget that, besides being Safe Boating Week.’’ relaxing and fun, boating can be dangerous. Now, Therefore, I, William J. Clinton, The U.S. Coast Guard’s most recent an- President of the United States of America, nual statistics reveal 851 fatalities related to do hereby proclaim May 17 through May 23, recreational boating, a 13 percent increase 1997, as National Safe Boating Week. I en- from the previous year. Tragically, 90 percent courage the Governors of the 50 States, the of those victims were not wearing a life jack- Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and officials et. Because falling overboard and capsizing of other areas subject to the jurisdiction of are the two leading causes of all recreational the United States to join in observing this boating fatalities, this safety device is essen- occasion and to urge all Americans to prac- tial to boating safety. Refraining from drink- tice safe boating habits not only during this ing alcohol is also essential to assure safe week but also throughout the year. boating, as more than half of all boating acci- dents involve alcohol. In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set Safe-boating education, which is available my hand this fourteenth day of May, in the through a wide variety of sources—the U.S. year of our Lord nineteen hundred and nine- Coast Guard Auxiliary, U.S. Power Squad- ty-seven, and of the Independence of the rons, State and local governments, and nu- United States of America the two hundred merous private organizations—is another key and twenty-first. to accident prevention. Ninety percent of all boating fatalities occur on boats whose opera- tors had no formal boating safety instruction. [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 8:45 a.m., May 16, 1997] By word and by example, we must inform and educate both current and future genera- tions of boaters to become knowledgeable NOTE: This proclamation was published in the boat operators. Learn about safety equip- Federal Register on May 19.

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Message to the Senate on Conditions cession, and to enter into agreements for this to the Flank Document of the purpose. Indeed, throughout our history the Conventional Armed Forces in executive branch has made a large number Europe Treaty of determinations concerning the succession of new States to the treaty rights and obliga- May 14, 1997 tions of their predecessors. The ABM Suc- To the Senate of the United States: cession MOU negotiated by the United I am gratified that the Senate has given States effectuated no substantive change in its advice and consent to the ratification to the ABM Treaty requiring Senate advice and the CFE Flank Document and I look for- consent. Nonetheless, in light of the excep- ward to the entry into force of this important tional history of the ABM Treaty and in view agreement. It will reaffirm the integrity of of my commitment to agree to seek Senate one of the CFE Treaty’s core provisions and approval of the Demarcation Agreements as- will facilitate progress on CFE adaptation sociated with the ABM Treaty, I have, with- and, thus, NATO enlargement, key elements out prejudice to the legal principles involved, for advancing United States and European certified, consistent with Condition (9), that security. I will submit any agreement concluded on I must, however, make clear my view of ABM Treaty succession to the Senate for ad- several of the Conditions attached to the res- vice and consent. olution of advice and consent to ratification, William J. Clinton including Conditions 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9 and 11. The White House, These Conditions all purport to direct the May 14, 1997. exercise of authorities entrusted exclusively to the President under our Constitution, in- NOTE: This message was released by the Office cluding for the conduct of diplomacy and the of the Press Secretary on May 15. implementation of treaties. The explicit limi- tation on diplomatic activities in Condition 3 is a particularly clear example of this point. Message to the Congress on As I wrote the Senate following approval of Conditions to the Flank Document of the Chemical Weapons Convention, a condi- the Conventional Armed Forces in tion in a resolution of ratification cannot alter Europe Treaty the allocation of authority and responsibility May 14, 1997 under the Constitution. I will, therefore, in- terpret the Conditions of concern in the reso- To the Congress of the United States: lution in a manner consistent with the re- In accordance with the resolution of advice sponsibilities entrusted to me as President and consent to ratification on the Document under the Constitution. Nevertheless, with- Agreed Among the States Parties to the Trea- out prejudice to my Constitutional authori- ty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe ties, I will implement the Conditions in the of November 19, 1990 (‘‘the CFE Flank resolution. Document’’), adopted by the Senate of the Condition (9), which requires my certifi- United States on May 14, 1997, I hereby cer- cation that any agreement governing ABM tify that: Treaty succession will be submitted to the In connection with Condition (2), Viola- Senate for advice and consent, is an issue tions of State Sovereignty, the United States of particular concern not only because it ad- and the governments of Belgium, Canada, dresses a matter reserved to the President Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ice- under our Constitution, but also because it land, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, is substantively unrelated to the Senate’s re- Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey and the view of the CFE Flank Document. It is clear- United Kingdom have issued a joint state- ly within the President’s authorities to deter- ment affirming that (i) the CFE Flank Docu- mine the successor States to a treaty when ment does not give any State Party the right the original Party dissolves, to make the ad- to station (under Article IV, paragraph 5 of justments required to accomplish such suc- the Treaty) or temporarily deploy (under Ar-

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ticle V, paragraphs 1 (B) and (C) of the Trea- such changes are not solely of a minor admin- ty) conventional arms and equipment limited istrative or technical nature. by the Treaty on the territory of other States In connection with Condition (9), Senate Parties to the Treaty without the freely ex- Prerogatives on Multilateralization of the pressed consent of the receiving State Party; ABM Treaty, I will submit to the Senate for (ii) the CFE Flank Document does not alter advice and consent to ratification any inter- or abridge the right of any State Party under national agreement (i) that would add one the Treaty to utilize fully its declared maxi- or more countries as States Parties to the mum levels for conventional armaments and ABM Treaty, or otherwise convert the ABM equipment limited by the Treaty notified Treaty from a bilateral treaty to a multilateral pursuant to Article VII of the Treaty; and treaty; or (ii) that would change the geo- (iii) the CFE Flank Document does not alter graphic scope or coverage of the ABM Trea- in any way the requirement for the freely ty, or otherwise modify the meaning of the expressed consent of all States Parties con- term ‘‘national territory’’ as used in Article cerned in the exercise of any reallocations VI and Article IX of the ABM Treaty. envisioned under Article IV, paragraph 3 of In connection with Condition (11), Tem- the CFE Flank Document. porary Deployments, the United States has In connection with Condition (6), Applica- informed all other States Parties to the Trea- tion and Effectiveness of Senate Advice and ty that the United States (A) will continue Consent, in the course of diplomatic negotia- to interpret the term ‘‘temporary deploy- tions to secure accession to, or ratification ment’’, as used in the Treaty, to mean a de- of, the CFE Flank Document by any other ployment of severely limited duration meas- State Party, the United States will vigorously ured in days or weeks or, at most, several reject any effort by a State Party to (i) modify, months, but not years; (B) will pursue meas- amend, or alter a United States right or obli- ures designed to ensure that any State Party gation under the Treaty or the CFE Flank seeking to utilize the temporary deployments Document, unless such modification, amend- provision of the Treaty will be required to ment, or alteration is solely an extension of furnish the Joint Consultative Group estab- the period of provisional application of the lished by the Treaty with a statement of the CFE Flank Document or a change of a purpose and intended duration of the deploy- minor administrative or technical nature; (ii) ment, together with a description of the ob- secure the adoption of a new United States ject of verification and the location of origin obligation under, or in relation to, the CFE and destination of the relevant conventional Treaty or the CFE Flank Document, unless armaments and equipment limited by the such obligation is solely of a minor adminis- Treaty; and (C) will vigorously reject any ef- trative or technical nature; or (iii) secure the fort by a State Party to use the right of tem- provision of assurances, or endorsement of porary deployment under the Treaty (i) to a course of action or a diplomatic position, justify military deployments on a permanent inconsistent with the principles and policies basis; or (ii) to justify military deployments established under conditions (1), (2), and (3) without the full and complete agreement of of the resolution of advice and consent to the State Party upon whose territory the ratification of the CFE Flank Document. armed forces or military equipment of an- In connection with Condition (7), Modi- other State Party are to be deployed. fications of the CFE Flank Zone, any subse- quent agreement to modify, revise, amend William J. Clinton or alter the boundaries of the CFE flank The White House, zone, as delineated by the map entitled ‘‘Re- vised CFE Flank Zone’’ submitted to the May 14, 1997. Senate on April 7, 1997, shall require the submission of such agreement to the Senate NOTE: This letter was released by the Office of for its advice and consent to ratification, if the Press Secretary on May 15.

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Remarks at the Peace Officers carved. He, too, left behind a grieving family Memorial Ceremony and friends and a legacy of courage. May 15, 1997 Today we honor the service and take pride in all the stories of the 116 men and women Thank you. Thank you very much. Presi- who gave their lives to protect our safety. dent Gallegos, Auxiliary President Lippe, to Our safety was their purpose and passion. all the distinguished law enforcement rep- And while we can never repay them for their resentatives who are here; Senator Thur- ultimate sacrifice, we can, and we must, mond, Senator Biden, Senator Leahy, Con- honor their memory not only in words but gressman Stupak; members of our Cabinet in actions that do justice to their lives and administration. I’d like to thank all of those to the great loss their families and loved ones who support this endeavor every year, and have suffered. especially this year Tommy Motolla and Glo- For too many years in our country, crime ria Estefan and most importantly, to the fam- seemed destined to keep rising regardless of ily members of those who have lost their lives citizen outrage or law enforcement frustra- in the service of our country. tion. Then, slowly, you in law enforcement In just 2 weeks, on Memorial Day, the began to turn the tide, building bridges to American people will pause to pay tribute concerned citizens and needy children and to the fallen military heroes who died to pre- troubled neighborhoods, but losing brothers serve the liberties upon which our Nation and sisters along the way. was founded and which have enabled it to Four years ago, we joined you as a nation endure for more than 200 years. Today, we to reclaim our streets, our schools, and our stand here on Peace Officers Memorial Day, society with a commitment to a comprehen- to pay tribute to a sacrifice no less great and sive approach to crime based on what you no less critical to our liberties. The police officers whose names are told us—what you told us would work. You carved on the memorial are also our fallen told us we needed more police on the street, heroes. And in the hearts of their families tougher penalties and better prevention. You and the people whose lives they touched, told us especially we needed more commu- their heroism will always shine. nity police officers. Today, we’re putting Officer Lauretha Vaird was a 9-year vet- 100,000 more of them on the street to join eran on the Philadelphia Police Department, with you. a single, working mother. She often said that You told us illegal handguns and deadly her two greatest loves were her boys and her assault weapons were undermining your ef- badge, and she dedicated her life to them forts to fight gangs and drugs, so we banned both. She was a community police officer them with the Brady bill and the assault who walked the streets of her beat with weapons ban. Just since the Brady bill was pride. One day she responded to a silent enacted in 1993, 186,000 felons, fugitives, alarm at a local bank. And as she tried to and stalkers have been denied the right to prevent an armed robbery, a gunman’s bullet buy handguns. Today we take another step— took her life and left her children with only [applause]—thank you. Today we take an- the memory of their heroic mother. other step to protect our communities from Officer Brian Gibson was a community po- gun violence by dangerous drifters who lice officer who grew up on streets he would threaten our safety. later patrol. A native of this city, he served Two months ago, after the terrible tragedy our country as a United States Marine in the at the Empire State Building, I directed the Persian Gulf before joining the DC police ATF to require people who buy guns from force, a decorated officer who pounded the federally-licensed dealers simply to prove pavement to fight drugs and the people who they were not just passing through. Today, sell them. One night he was killed at point- we’re releasing a new application to make blank range by a raging gang member as he sure that certification of residency is an un- simply sat in the police car just a short ride avoidable step for gun purchases. Those who from that memorial where his name will be can’t prove it, can’t purchase.

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These efforts—[applause]—thank you. be against adults to supervise children in- And thanks to you, these efforts are working. stead of a lawless world of gangs to guide Crime is dropping. And all over America, them? neighborhood by neighborhood, hope for a Finally, we know we must cut off young safer future is slowly but surely being re- people’s access to guns that can cut off their stored. It is all the more bittersweet that as lives. And I believe someone who commits crime has dropped in this country 5 years a violent crime at 17 should not be able to in a row for the first time in more than two turn around and buy a gun for a birthday decades, we must still gather to carve new present at 21. I want a juvenile crime bill names into the hard stone of the National to extend the Brady bill to violent juvenile Law Enforcement Officers Memorial. offenders. In 1996, we added 116 names. While the I also believe that these guns should be loss of even one of those officers’ lives is one sold with child safety locks. We protect aspi- too many, that is the smallest number of po- rin bottles in this country better than we pro- lice officers to lose their lives in the line of tect guns from accidents by children. duty since 1959. Today, in honor of those In March, I directed Federal agencies to 116 officers, let us pledge to redouble our provide their agents with such child safety efforts so that every year, there will be fewer devices, and I’m pleased to say that today and fewer names, until one year we will gath- every FBI and ATF agent has a child safety er with not a single name to add to that roll lock. By October 15th, every agent from the of heroes. Let that be our goal and our sol- DEA to the U.S. Marshal to the Border Pa- emn obligation. trol to the Park Police will have one, as well. I ask you all now to move with us to our If a child safety lock is good enough for law most pressing priority—to take back our enforcement, it ought to be even better for streets from violent gangs. Once again, we the general public. known what to do because you have told us In the last 4 years we have proved that what to do. You have proven in place after we can work together and learn from each place that it can be done, in cities like Boston other and that when we do we can restore where youth murders have dropped by 80 hope and improve safety in our communities. percent in 5 years and not a single child has Now we have a chance to build on that been killed with a gun in a year and a half. progress by passing a smart, balanced juve- If we can do it in one community in this nile justice bill that does more than talk country, we must be able to do it in every tough. The American people deserve that. A community in America. juvenile crime bill that doesn’t crack down In February, I sent legislation to the Con- on guns and gangs, that doesn’t guarantee gress that follows law enforcement’s advice more prosecutors, probation officers, and and Boston’s lead, to declare war on gangs after-school hours is a crime bill in name and youth violence with more prosecutors, only. tougher penalties, and better prevention pro- Today I ask the Members of the Congress grams for at-risk young people. For as tough to work with me, without regard to party, as we must be on violent juvenile crime, we to pass a juvenile crime bill that will help also must ensure a safer environment and us to work toward year-in and year-out fewer positive opportunities and role models for and fewer people to honor here, until there our children in the most vulnerable commu- is no one new to add to the wall. nities. To the family members of the victims who Statistics show that half of juvenile crime are here, I know and I must say again that at least occurs in the 3 hours after school nothing we can do or say can bring them is closed and before the parents come home. back or ease your sorrow. Only God and the My bill will help to launch 1,000 after-school time and comfort you give to each other can initiatives. Who can be against allowing a do that. But I ask you this: to know that the child to stay in school instead of on a street cause in which your loved ones died, right corner? Who can be against teachers as chil- against wrong, law against lawlessness, hope dren’s role models instead of thugs? Who can against fear, is a worthy and noble cause. And

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because of their efforts and the efforts of oth- significant step toward writing the spirit and ers who wear our uniforms, it has now be- substance of that agreement into the law. come a winning cause. I want to begin by thanking Chairman Do- It is our job, those of us who remain, to menici, Chairman Kasich, Senator Lauten- make sure that we press on and on and on berg, and Congressman Spratt for their hard until such tragedies are a stunning exception, work and their earnest commitment to stick- not a numbing statistic. As we go forward ing with this very difficult process to put our into that future, that is our most solemn obli- balanced budget agreement in writing. I gation to you. know from my own negotiating team that we Thank you, and God bless you. would not be here today without their good faith and good efforts, and I am deeply grate- NOTE: The President spoke at 1:30 p.m. on the ful to them. West Grounds of at the Capitol. In his remarks, I also want to thank the congressional lead- he referred to Gil Gallegos, president, and Karen Lippe, auxiliary president, Fraternal Order of Po- ership who supported this process. And I’d lice; Thomas Motolla, president and chief operat- like to thank the people who are here: the ing officer, Sony Music Entertainment; and enter- Vice President; Erskine Bowles, who’s still tainer Gloria Estefan. a pretty good negotiator even though he’s left his beloved private sector; Secretary Rubin; Deputy Secretary Summers; OMB Director Message to the Congress Frank Raines; NEC Director Gene Sperling; Transmitting a Report on the our CEA Chair, Janet Yellen; and John National Security Strategy Hilley, who handles our congressional rela- May 15, 1997 tions and had one of the most difficult and demanding jobs of his life in the last few To the Congress of the United States: weeks; OMB Deputy Director Jack Lew. As required by section 603 of the Gold- I’d like to also thank all the people who water-Nichols Department of Defense Reor- are here from OMB, Treasury, and perhaps ganization Act of 1986, I am transmitting a from other agencies who were the team that report on the National Security Strategy of put the numbers together that made this the United States. agreement possible. Thank you. You ought William J. Clinton to give yourselves a hand. [Applause] You did a great job. Thank you. The White House, May 15, 1997. We have finalized a detailed description of the agreement reached 2 weeks ago. The document is already before the relevant con- Remarks on the Budget Agreement gressional committees who are now moving and an Exchange With Reporters the balanced budget resolution through the May 16, 1997 legislative process at an expedited pace. This agreement will keep in place the economic The President. Good morning. Less than strategy that has served our Nation so well 2 weeks ago, the Vice President and I joined for the last 41⁄2 years. with leaders of Congress in announcing a When I took office, I was determined to truly historic agreement, a bipartisan agree- reverse the failed policies of the past. Back ment to balance the Federal budget for the then, we faced growing deficits as far as the first time in nearly three decades. We knew eye could see. It was a time of economic stag- that only by finishing the job of putting our nation and high unemployment. We moved fiscal house in order could we keep our econ- quickly in 1993 to put in place a policy of omy thriving for all Americans. And I knew invest and grow: cut the deficit, invest in our that because of all the progress we’ve made people, open new markets around the world in the last 41⁄2 years, we could balance Ameri- through tough trade agreements. ca’s books while protecting America’s values We are now in the 4th year of the dis- and preparing the American people for the ciplined, tough, 5-year economic strategy we 21st century. Last night, we took the next put in place in 1993. The results of the strat-

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egy are now clear and no longer subject to That landmark legislation gave opportunity reasonable debate: 12 million new jobs, the to millions of Americans and gave birth to highest economic growth in a decade, the the American middle class. That was my goal lowest unemployment in 24 years, the lowest for this budget, to dramatically expand op- inflation in 30 years, the largest decline in portunity through education and give all our income inequality since the 1960’s. And the children the tools they need to succeed in deficit has been cut already by 77 percent. a new economy in a new century. Our economy is now the envy of the world. That is why I insisted that this balanced That progress has brought us to this rare budget also be America’s education budget. moment in history and made it possible for It not only puts our fiscal house in order, us to balance the budget in a way that bal- it opens the schoolhouse door wider than ances our values. America needs a balanced ever before, with $35 billion in tax relief for budget that is in balance with our values, that higher education, including our HOPE protects Medicare and Medicaid, education scholarship tuition tax credit to make 2 years and the environment, that gives tax relief to of education after high school as universal working families, and that prepares our peo- as a high school education is today, and tax ple for the 21st century. That is exactly what deductions for all the costs of tuitions after this budget does. high school. What is important about the agreement is It includes the largest increase in Pell not only what it does on a spreadsheet but grant scholarships for deserving students in what it will do for our families and our future. three decades. It helps to raise standards in It keeps our fundamental commitments to our schools. It funds our America Reads chal- our parents, preserving and protecting Medi- lenge to make sure every 8-year-old can read care for at least a decade, without steep pre- independently. It helps to bring the informa- mium increases. Because of this agreement, tion age to our schools so that we can meet 5 million American children will have health the goal that the Vice President has worked care who do not have it today. The agree- so hard for, to connect all of our schools and ment protects our air, our water, and our libraries to the Internet by the year 2000. land for future generations. I’m especially All across America last year, I said I want- pleased that it includes the funds to clean ed a nation in which every 8-year-old would up 500 of our most dangerous toxic waste be able to read, every 12-year-old could log sites and to go forward with our commitment on to the Internet, every 18-year-old could to preserve and restore the Florida Ever- go to college, every adult could keep on glades. learning for a lifetime. This balanced budget It helps to move people from welfare to takes a major stride toward these goals. This work by providing tax incentives to busi- is not only the first balanced budget in a gen- nesses to hire welfare recipients and support eration, it is an American balanced budget for community service jobs in areas of high that protects our values for future genera- unemployment. It restores unwise cuts made tions. last year and restores fair treatment to immi- So I say to all Members of Congress of grants who legally come to America for the both parties, take this balanced budget agree- promise it provides. It gives middle class ment and write it into law. If we stay true families tax relief to help sell a home, raise to this historic agreement, if we have the their children, and send those children to col- courage to eliminate the deficit while dra- lege. In each of these ways, it honors our matically expanding opportunity through values. education, we will enter the 21st century At the very heart of this agreement, how- stronger and better prepared for the chal- ever, is its historic investment in education. lenges and the opportunities that lie ahead. This agreement includes the most significant Thank you very much. increase in education funding in 30 years. Even more important, it provides the largest Budget Agreement single increase in higher education since the Q. Mr. President, 2 weeks ago, we were GI bill in 1945, more than 50 years ago. told that there was a deal, and there was

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much hoopla. We came to find out at that Zaire point that, if I may use the egg analogy, that Q. Mr. President, what are you thoughts the shell was relatively thin. How much on Mobutu losing power in Zaire? thicker is the shell now, and can this egg still The President. Well, I want to make a crack up, so to speak? couple of points on it. It does appear that The President. Well, first of all, I think he has left Kinshasa. The United States posi- we did have a deal 2 weeks ago. And I think tion is clear: We want to see a transition to the fact that we’ve reached agreement in a genuine democracy. The second point I writing on the details is evidence that there want to make is that President Mandela of was one. South Africa has done a superb job of exercis- But when you agree on broad principles ing leadership in this area, and the United and you have long hours of negotiations, States is supporting him and his efforts. And there’s still some difficulties involved in writ- I want the whole world to get behind the ing the details of the agreement down, mak- leadership that Nelson Mandela is showing ing sure everybody remembers it the same there and to do what we can to support Africa way, that you’ve got the kind of accord you in taking one of the largest and most impor- need. So this is a huge step forward because tant nations in Africa and promoting a demo- now we have a much more detailed agree- cratic transition. That is what I think is im- ment commited in writing. portant. Wolf [Wolf Blitzer, CNN]. Thank you very much.

Late-Term Abortion Legislation NOTE: The President spoke at 11:25 a.m. in the Q. Mr. President, I wonder now that the Rose Garden at the White House. In his remarks, Senate has rejected Senator Daschle’s com- he referred to President Mobutu Sese Seko of Zaire and State President Nelson Mandela of promise proposal on the late-term abortion South Africa. procedure, I wonder if there is any way that you think language could be crafted that would avoid your having to veto Senator Remarks in Apology to African- Santorum’s legislation once again? Americans on the Tuskegee The President. Well, of course. I have Experiment nothing to add to what I have said on this May 16, 1997 all along. What I need to do is to be con- vinced that no woman will be grievously Ladies and gentlemen, on Sunday, Mr. harmed by this legislation, and that no Shaw will celebrate his 95th birthday. I woman will be put in the position, for exam- would like to recognize the other survivors ple, of being so harmed that she will never who are here today and their families: Mr. be able to have further children because of Charlie Pollard is here. Mr. Carter Howard. this legislation. You know what my concerns Mr. Fred Simmons. Mr. Simmons just took are; I’ve made them abundantly clear. his first airplane ride, and he reckons he’s I must say, I regret that Senator Daschle’s about 110 years old, so I think it’s time for legislation did not pass because it would have him to take a chance or two. [Laughter] I’m reduced the number of abortions by far, far glad he did. And Mr. Frederick Moss, thank more—light-years more than the Santorum you, sir. I would also like to ask three family bill. The Santorum bill may not reduce the representatives who are here—Sam Doner number of abortions by one. is represented by his daughter, Gwendolyn So what we don’t want to do is to, in effect, Cox. Thank you, Gwendolyn. Ernest Hen- not reduce the number of abortions in the don, who is watching in Tuskegee, is rep- third trimester, which the Supreme Court resented by his brother, North Hendon. permits us to do and which I’ve invited the Thank you, sir, for being here. And George Congress to do ever since I got here, and Key is represented by his grandson, Chris- at the same time put a lot of women’s health topher Monroe. Thank you, Chris. at risk in a way that is unwise and unconstitu- I also acknowledge the families, commu- tional. nity leaders, teachers and students watching

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today by satellite from Tuskegee. The White To the survivors, to the wives and family House is the people’s house; we are glad to members, the children, and the grand- have all of you here today. I thank Dr. David children, I say what you know: No power on Satcher for his role in this. I thank Congress- Earth can give you back the lives lost, the woman Waters and Congressman Hilliard, pain suffered, the years of internal torment Congressman Stokes, the entire Congres- and anguish. What was done cannot be un- sional Black Caucus; Dr. Satcher; members done. But we can end the silence. We can of the cabinet who are here, Secretary Her- stop turning our heads away. We can look man, Secretary Slater; a great friend of free- at you in the eye and finally say on behalf dom, Fred Gray, thank you for fighting this of the American people, what the United long battle all these long years. States Government did was shameful, and I The eight men who are survivors of the am sorry. syphilis study at Tuskegee are a living link The American people are sorry—for the to a time not so very long ago that many loss, for the years of hurt. You did nothing Americans would prefer not to remember wrong, but you were grievously wronged. I but we dare not forget. It was a time when apologize, and I am sorry that this apology our Nation failed to live up to its ideals, when has been so long in coming. our Nation broke the trust with our people To Macon County, to Tuskegee, to the that is the very foundation of our democracy. doctors who have been wrongly associated It is not only in remembering that shameful with the events there, you have our apology, past that we can make amends and repair as well. To our African-American citizens, I our Nation, but it is in remembering that past am sorry that your Federal Government or- that we can build a better present and a bet- chestrated a study so clearly racist. That can never be allowed to happen again. It is ter future. And without remembering it, we against everything our country stands for and cannot make amends and we cannot go for- what we must stand against is what it was. ward. So let us resolve to hold forever in our So today America does remember the hun- hearts and minds the memory of a time not dreds of men used in research without their long ago in Macon County, Alabama, so that knowledge and consent. We remember them we can always see how adrift we can become and their family members. Men who were when the rights of any citizens are neglected, poor and African-American, without re- ignored, and betrayed. And let us resolve sources and with few alternatives, they be- here and now to move forward together. lieved they had found hope when they were The legacy of the study at Tuskegee has offered free medical care by the United reached far and deep, in ways that hurt our States Public Health Service. They were be- progress and divide our Nation. We cannot trayed. be one America when a whole segment of Medical people are supposed to help when our Nation has no trust in America. An apol- we need care, but even once a cure was dis- ogy is the first step, and we take it with a covered, they were denied help, and they commitment to rebuild that broken trust. We were lied to by their Government. Our Gov- can begin by making sure there is never again ernment is supposed to protect the rights of another episode like this one. We need to its citizens; their rights were trampled do more to ensure that medical research upon—40 years, hundreds of men betrayed, practices are sound and ethical and that re- along with their wives and children, along searchers work more closely with commu- with the community in Macon County, Ala- nities. bama, the City of Tuskegee, the fine univer- Today I would like to announce several sity there, and the larger African-American steps to help us achieve these goals. First, community. The United States Government we will help to build that lasting memorial did something that was wrong, deeply, pro- at Tuskegee. The school founded by Booker foundly, morally wrong. It was an outrage to T. Washington, distinguished by the re- our commitment to integrity and equality for nowned scientist George Washington Carver all our citizens. and so many others who advanced the health

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and well-being of African-Americans and all fellowships to train bioethicists especially Americans, is a fitting site. The Department among African-Americans and other minority of Health and Human Services will award groups. HHS will offer these fellowships be- a planning grant so the school can pursue ginning in September of 1998 to promising establishing a center for bioethics in research students enrolled in bioethics graduate pro- and health care. The center will serve as a grams. museum of the study and support efforts to And finally, by Executive order I am also address its legacy and strengthen bioethics today extending the charter of the National training. Bioethics Advisory Commission to October Second, we commit to increase our com- of 1999. The need for this commission is munity involvement so that we may begin re- clear. We must be able to call on the thought- storing lost trust. The study at Tuskegee ful, collective wisdom of experts and commu- served to sow distrust of our medical institu- nity representatives to find ways to further tions, especially where research is involved. strengthen our protections for subjects in Since the study was halted, abuses have been human research. checked by making informed consent and local review mandatory in federally funded We face a challenge in our time. Science and mandated research. and technology are rapidly changing our lives Still, 25 years later, many medical studies with the promise of making us much have little African-American participation healthier, much more productive and more and African-American organ donors are few. prosperous. But with these changes we must This impedes efforts to conduct promising work harder to see that as we advance we research and to provide the best health care don’t leave behind our conscience. No to all our people, including African-Ameri- ground is gained and, indeed, much is lost cans. So today, I’m directing the Secretary if we lose our moral bearings in the name of Health and Human Services, Donna of progress. Shalala, to issue a report in 180 days about The people who ran the study at Tuskegee how we can best involve communities, espe- diminished the stature of man by abandoning cially minority communities, in research and the most basic ethical precepts. They forgot health care. You must—every American their pledge to heal and repair. They had the group must be involved in medical research power to heal the survivors and all the others, in ways that are positive. We have put the and they did not. Today, all we can do is curse behind us; now we must bring the ben- apologize. But you have the power, for only efits to all Americans. you, Mr. Shaw, the others who are here, the Third, we commit to strengthen research- family members who are with us in ers’ training in bioethics. We are constantly Tuskegee—only you have the power to for- working on making breakthroughs in protect- give. Your presence here shows us that you ing the health of our people and in vanquish- have chosen a better path than your Govern- ing diseases. But all our people must be as- ment did so long ago. You have not withheld sured that their rights and dignity will be re- the power to forgive. I hope today and to- spected as new drugs, treatments and thera- morrow every American will remember your pies are tested and used. So I am directing Secretary Shalala to work in partnership with lesson and live by it. higher education to prepare training mate- Thank you, and God bless you. rials for medical researchers. They will be available in a year. They will help researchers NOTE: The President spoke at 2:26 p.m. in the build on core ethical principles of respect for East Room at the White House. In his remarks, individuals, justice, and informed consent, he referred to Tuskegee Experiment survivors and advise them on how to use these prin- Herman Shaw, who introduced the President, and ciples effectively in diverse populations. Frederick Moss; and Fred D. Gray, attorney for Fourth, to increase and broaden our un- the Tuskegee Experiment participants. The study derstanding of ethical issues and clinical re- was the ‘‘Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis search, we commit to providing postgraduate in the Negro Male.’’

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Executive Order 13046—Further made clear, we must reinforce our ability to Amendment to Executive Order find and stop secret nuclear weapons pro- 12975, Extension of the National grams. Only in the aftermath of the Persian Bioethics Advisory Commission Gulf war were we able to discover the full scope of Iraq’s activities and intentions. May 16, 1997 The strengthened safeguards system By the authority vested in me as President adopted by the IAEA will give international by the Constitution and the laws of the Unit- nuclear inspectors greater information and ed States of America, and in order to extend access to nuclear and related facilities world- the term of the National Bioethics Advisory wide. By accepting a new legally binding pro- Commission, it is hereby ordered that section tocol, states will assume new safeguards obli- 7(b) of Executive Order 12975 further is gations that will make all their nuclear activi- amended to read, ‘‘NBAC shall terminate on ties more transparent—including by allowing October 3, 1999, unless extended by the inspections at all suspicious sites, not just at President prior to that date.’’ declared sites. I urge all nations to adopt as soon as pos- William J. Clinton sible appropriate protocols to their own safe- The White House, guard agreements or to make other legally May 16, 1997. binding arrangements that will put new sys- tem of safeguards in place. And I call on all [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, nations that have not already signed the Nu- 11:02 a.m., May 19, 1997] clear Nonproliferation Treaty to do so with- NOTE: This Executive order will be published in out delay. the Federal Register on May 20. Reducing the threat of nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction is one of our highest obligations. Since I took office, we Statement on Strengthening have made the Nuclear Nonproliferation International Nuclear Safeguards on Treaty permanent, dramatically cut existing Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons nuclear arsenals under the START treaties, May 16, 1997 and ratified the Chemical Weapons Conven- tion that will outlaw poison gas forever. I look On May 15, the international community forward to working with the Senate as we took a major step toward significantly reduc- seek ratification of the Comprehensive Nu- ing the danger that any nation can secretly clear Test Ban Treaty and as we seek con- acquire a nuclear arsenal. Last September, gressional approval of this protocol and other in my speech at the United Nations, I called arms control measures. Together, we must on the international community to strength- continue our efforts to provide the American en the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and people with real and lasting security. improve our ability to identify and isolate those states that seek to violate its rules. In Statement on the Northern Ireland the most dramatic strengthening of nuclear Peace Process Initiative by Prime inspections in the last quarter-century, the Minister Tony Blair of the United International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Kingdom and its member states have agreed in Vienna May 16, 1997 to develop strong new tools to assist in track- ing the use and location of nuclear materials I welcome Prime Minister Blair’s state- around the world. ment today on Northern Ireland as a bal- During the last 4 years, we have made sig- anced and constructive step toward restoring nificant progress in curbing the proliferation momentum to the peace process. His words of nuclear weapons and ending the dan- offer hope and reassurance to the people of gerous legacy of cold war weapons stockpiles. both of Northern Ireland’s traditions. But as the clandestine efforts of nations such The Prime Minister has made clear that as Iraq to acquire nuclear weapons have this British Government, like its predecessor,

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wants to see inclusive talks, but it will invite Liburd, of Saint Kitts and Nevis; Francisco Sinn Fein to the negotiating table only on Xavier Aguirre-Sacasa of Nicaragua; Riaz the basis of an unequivocal cease-fire. And Hussain Khokhar of Pakistan; Alexdr Vondra he has taken the initiative in offering to meet of the Czech Republic; Alfred Defago of with Sinn Fein, at the official level, to assess Switzerland; Grigore-Kalev Stoicescu of Es- whether inclusive talks are possible on that tonia; Valery Tsepkalo of Belarus; Joseph basis. I urge Sinn Fein to take up this offer, Diatta of Niger; Mark Micallef of Malta; and and I pray it will bring about an end to the Le Van Bang of Vietnam. violence for good. Now is the time to open a new chapter in the history of this tragic May 15 conflict and achieve through dialog and ne- The President announced his intention to gotiation the lasting settlement the people of appoint Ann Todd Free as a member of the Northern Ireland want and deserve. Commission on Fine Arts. The White House announced that the President invited NATO Secretary General Javier Solana to Washington, DC, for a meet- ing at the White House on May 19. Digest of Other White House Announcements May 16 In the afternoon, the President met with President Leonid Kuchma of Ukraine in the The following list includes the President’s public Oval Office. schedule and other items of general interest an- The President announced his intention to nounced by the Office of the Press Secretary and nominate George Munoz to serve as Presi- not included elsewhere in this issue. dent of the Overseas Private Investment Cor- poration. May 10 The President announced his intention to In the afternoon, the President met with nominate Terry D. Garcia to be Assistant President Rene Preval of Haiti at the Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere, Na- Sherbourne Center in Bridgetown, Bar- tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra- bados. tion, Department of Commerce. The President announced his intention to May 12 appoint Mickey Ibarra to serve as Assistant In the afternoon, the President returned to the President and Director of Intergovern- to Washington, DC, arriving in the evening. mental Affairs at the White House. May 13 The President announced his intention to appoint Betty Bednarczyk to serve as a mem- ber of the Advisory Commission on Nominations Consumer Protection and Quality in the Submitted to the Senate Health Care Industry. The White House announced that the President invited President Kiro Gligorov of The following list does not include promotions of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia members of the Uniformed Services, nominations to the Service Academies, or nominations of For- to Washington, DC, for a working visit on eign Service officers. June 17.

May 14 Submitted May 15 In an afternoon ceremony in the Oval Of- fice, the President received diplomatic cre- Henry Harold Kennedy, Jr., dentials from Ambassadors Saad Mohamed of the District of Columbia, to be U.S. Dis- Al-Kobaisi of Qatar; Pengiran Anak Dato Seri trict Judge for the District of Columbia, vice Laila Jasa Jagi Puteh of Brunei; Osbert W. Joyce Hens Green, retired.

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Rodney W. Sippel, Fact sheet: Partnership for a Prosperous and of Missouri, to be U.S. District Judge for the Secure Caribbean Eastern and Western Districts of Missouri, Fact sheet: Regional Security and Narcotics vice Stephen N. Limbaugh, retired. Interdiction Released May 13 Transcript of a press briefing by Press Sec- Checklist retary Mike McCurry of White House Press Releases Statement by Press Secretary Mike McCurry on the upcoming visit of President Kiro The following list contains releases of the Office Gligorov of the Former Yugoslav Republic of the Press Secretary that are neither printed as of Macedonia items nor covered by entries in the Digest of Other White House Announcements. Released May 14 Transcript of a press briefing by Press Sec- Released May 7 1 retary Mike McCurry Advance text of the President’s address to Released May 15 the people of Mexico Transcript of a press briefing by Press Sec- Released May 8 1 retary Mike McCurry Fact sheet: the San Jose Declaration—A Statement by Press Secretary Mike McCurry Deepened Partnership Between the United on a National Security Strategy for a new States and Central America century Fact sheet: Immigration and Migrant Traf- Statement by Press Secretary Mike McCurry ficking on the upcoming visit of NATO Secretary General Javier Salona Announcement on U.S. support for Central American regional integration Fact sheet: NATO-Russia Founding Act Announcement on cooperative law enforce- Announcement of the President’s 1996 Pub- ment in Central America lic Financial Disclosure Report

1 Announcement of nominations for U.S. Dis- Released May 9 trict Judges for the District of Columbia and Fact Sheet: U.S.-Costa Rica Statement of In- the Eastern and Western Districts of Mis- tent: Electric Transportation Cooperation souri Fact Sheet: Sustainable Development in Released May 16 Central America Transcript of a press briefing by Press Sec- Released May 10 retary Mike McCurry Transcript of a press briefing by Press Sec- Transcript of a press briefing by Chief of retary Mike McCurry Staff Erskine Bowles, Secretary of Treasury Robert Rubin, Director of OMB Frank Transcript of a press briefing by Press Sec- Raines, Director of the National Economic retary Mike McCurry and Deputy National Council Gene Sperling, and Council of Eco- Security Adviser Jim Steinberg on the Presi- nomic Advisors Chair Janet Yellen on the dent’s visit to the Caribbean budget agreement Fact sheet: Caribbean Bananas and WTO Announcement of nomination for a judge of Case the U.S. Court of Veterans Appeals 1 These releases were not received in time for Statement by Press Secretary Mike McCurry inclusion in the appropriate issue. on antipersonnel landmines

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Fact sheet: Banning Anti-Personnel Land- S. 305 / Public Law 105–14 mines To authorize the President to award a gold Fact sheet: International Nuclear Safeguards medal on behalf of the Congress to Francis Strengthened Albert ‘‘Frank’’ Sinatra in recognition of his outstanding and enduring contributions through his entertainment career and hu- manitarian activities, and for other purposes Acts Approved by the President Approved May 15

Approved May 14 H.R. 968 / Public Law 105–15 H.R. 1001 / Public Law 105–13 To amend title XVIII and XIX of the Social To extend the term of appointment of certain Security Act to permit a waiver of the prohi- members of the Prospective Payment Assess- bition of offering nurse aide training and ment Commission and the Physician Pay- competency evaluation programs in certain ment Review Commission nursing facilities

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