SAR News Published by the National Search Dog Alliance June 2018 Vol. 12, No. 6

CONTENTS Human Encouragement 18 Article page Vietnam K-9 Memorial 20 2018 BOD Meeting Dates 1 June: National Preparedness Month 20 Bucky Says 1 Douglas County (OR) SAR K-9 Team 22 Goodbye & Hello BOD 2 Social Media Request 23 NSDA Certifications 3 The Last Howl 24 Synopsis of Quarterly BOD Meeting 6 Tests, Seminars & Conferences 26 Hero Dog Contest – Please Vote 7 Financial Income & Expense 29 Announcements 7 K-9 Heat Exhaustion 8 2018 Board Meeting Dates Service Dog Scam 9 July 5, August 2, September 6 Bug Sprayed Clothing Keeps Ticks Away 10 Dog Days 11 Contact Secretary, Sue Wolff, at Sniffs Out Hacker’s USB Drive 12 [email protected] for the call-in number for the meeting Board of Directors & Founding Members 13 What is a Dog? 13 Bucky Says: A Canine’s Unique Nose Print 13 Properly trained, Man can be Robotic Noses for Future Disaster Rescue? 14 SCSO SAR Training Exercise 16 dog’s Best friend Take Your Dog to Work Day 17 Kibbles & Bits 17

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GOODBYE… …and HELLO

Leslie Kucinskas has joined with NSDA as Susan Fleming has left the NSDA Board of Communications Program Manager and has Directors after two terms of dedicated service. been a member of NSDA since 2017. She She exits the Board in the position of Vice- came to the Alliance through her membership President. with Michigan with whom As President, Susan added a Resource List of she has been a member in training since certified K-9 teams to the website for agencies January 2016. in need of their service; streamlined some of the paperwork; revised the Policies and In June 2018 Leslie and her , Procedures and revised the NSDA mission Meela, earned their first SAR Certification in statement. Area Search with Live Subject and Large She has been a Membership Chair and helped Source Cadaver. develop the current team membership. She also singlehandedly added to NSDA’s Leslie holds a Masters Degree from Eastern membership list by making personal phone Michigan University where she specialized in calls to potential members. Writing, Rhetorical Theory and Linguistics. She earned her Bachelor of Arts degree from She organized a weekend NSDA K-9 Training Michigan Technological University in the field Seminar in Hanover, PA which netted funds for of Scientific and Technical Communication. NSDA.

She also held the position of Evaluator Chair Leslie is an outdoor enthusiast who enjoys and worked to expand the NSDA list of current kayaking, surfing, snowshoeing, gardening and Evaluators in all states. traveling with her family. Susan has been a search and rescue volunteer for 15 years. She has worked trailing She volunteers for the Farm at St. Joe in the for 11 years and is working her Ann Arbor, MI area, is a Crossing Guard for the third , “Annie.” Susan is a member City of Saline Police Department and operates of Lancaster Canine Search Resources, LLC. her own small business in south eastern She is listed as a K9 handler for the Center for Michigan teaching English as a Second Missing and Exploited Children. Language.

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WASHINGTON IDAHO Phoebe Duke and K-9 Hunter Robin Moug and K-9 Max Land HRD and Area II Land HRD

MONTANA Tori Swan and K-9 Compass Trailing III

WASHINGTON Elizabeth Everson and K-9 Nyjah Land HRD

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MISSOURI Jan Meyer and K-9 Tessa (black) and KENTUCKY K-9 Satch Penny Steffey and K-9 Gia Land HRD Land HRD

KENTUCKY

Jessie Steffey and K-9 Maxx MONTANA Land HRD Keagan Zoellner and K-9 Jett Avalanche Ski Patrol

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PENNSYLVANIA MONTANA David Stager and K-9 Tasha Terry Crooks and K-9 Beacon Area Search II Water HRD and Area with Lg Source HR

PENNSYLVANIA Kimberly Grimm and K-9 Maiya Area Search II recertification MONTANA Susan Lippert and K-9 Bailey Water HRD

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WASHINGTON In response to questions relating to a potential Heather Cutting and K-9 Oso NSDA Urban Trailing certification, it was Land HRD explained that the topic will be deliberated when all certifications come up for review.

Communications Program Manager Leslie Kucinskas reported that she, Tracy Wessel and Beverly Moody are working together on combining marketing and social media and to getting back to the reason for NSDA’s existence. Their plan is to have two postings per week on Facebook so input is needed from members such as photos of NSDA certified . Tracy Wessel has final approval on posts to all of NSDA’s social media

At their May meeting, the Executive Committee discussed board member attendance at meetings and recommended adding wording to the Policies and Procedures and the Board’s Annual Affirmation defining excused and unexcused absences as well as laying out the number of unexcused absences that were allowed before termination. The proposed new wording was discussed and several changes were recommended. Corporate Secretary Wolff was tasked with reworking the two documents. Synopsis Second Quarter BOD Meeting Editor Snelling reported that there are 1,438 subscribers to the newsletter. The Second Quarter Meeting of the Board of Directors of the National Search Dog Alliance New Officers were elected. They are: was held by conference call on Thursday, June 7, 2018. President & CEO Norma Snelling

Executive V-P & Secretary – Sue Wolff Chief Financial Officer – Heather Proper Van- Valkenberg

Anybody who doesn't know what soap tastes like never washed a dog. -Franklin P. Jones

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Semi-Finals - NSDA Charity Partners

PIGLET – Search and Rescue RUBY – Search and Rescue Go to http://herodogawards.org and VOTE for one Help NSDA win $2,500. for our evaluator travel fund

I am downsizing my collection of dog books. All of the books are priced below their value on the used book market and are in new or like new condition. Some are rare and hard to find. There are a number of Army and Air Force military manuals and SAR books as well as other dog books. If you are interested in the 2-page list, please email me at [email protected] with books in the subject line. All books will be mailed media rate unless you want flat rate priority. I will let you know the cost of shipping which you will be responsible for. It will on a first come first serve basis. Payments can be made via Paypal. If you want to check the books on-line you can go to Abebooks.com or Amazon. Sue Bulanda Compare NSDA Membership fees

NSDA membership fee $45.00 Which equals: OR NSDA Team membership - Team of 6 people = $30.00 each Up to 25 people $180.00 Team of 10 people $18.00 each Team of 18 people $10.00 each

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K-9s & HEAT EXHAUSTION Lower your dog's temperature by bathing him in cool water. Cold or icy water could send In the twenty-four (24) police K-9s who died in your dog into shock. Wrap wet towels around 2017 in the line of duty, seven (7) or 30% of your dog's head, torso and feet. Place him in those deaths resulted from heat exhaustion. front of a fan to help Don’t let that happen to your SAR dog. cool him further.

Your vehicle can quickly reach a temperature Seek veterinary care that puts your canine at risk of serious illness even if your dog and even death, even on a day that doesn't revives and seems fine. seem hot to you. The temperature inside your Your dog may have vehicle can rise almost 20º F in just 10 internal damage e that minutes. you can't see. However, mild to moderate heat stroke usually cause no lasting problems. A study performed by the Louisiana Office of If your dog suffers from heat exhaustion once, Public Health, found that the temperatures in a he's more likely to suffer from it again, so take dark sedan as well as a light gray minivan extra precautions in the future. parked on a hot, but partly cloudy day, exceeded 125oF within 20 minutes. You can prevent heat exhaustion in your dog by allowing him to stay cool at all times. Never Estimated Vehicle Interior Air Temperature v. Elapsed leave your dog in a car on a hot day, even with Time the windows open. Outside Air Temperature (F) Elapsed time 70 75 80 85 90 95 If possible, keep your dog inside during the hottest part of the day. If you can't do that, 0 minutes 70 75 80 85 90 95 make sure he has shade from a tree or shelter 10 minutes 89 94 99 104 109 114 to get in out of the heat. Make sure your dog 20 minutes 99 104 109 114 119 124 has plenty of fresh water at all times; give him two or three bowls so that he'll still have some 30 minutes 104 109 114 119 124 129 if he tips one over. 40 minutes 108 113 118 123 128 133 50 minutes 111 116 121 126 131 136 Avoid vigorous exercise during the hottest hours of the day. K-9 handlers can suspend 60 minutes 113 118 123 128 133 138 their searches during the hottest part of the > 1 hour 115 120 125 130 135 140 day which will benefit both dog and human. If Courtesy Jan Null, CCM; Department of Geosciences, San Francisco your dog is brachycephalic like a boxer, State University bulldog, pit-bull, etc. or has a long fur coat, Dogs are very vulnerable to heat stroke. They you should know that he's more vulnerable to don't sweat and rely mostly on panting to keep heat stroke. their bodies cool. If you don't cool your dog down right away, he could die. Heat stroke is a Pay attention to heat exhaustion symptoms as very dangerous condition. soon as they appear and provide immediate first aid to help cool your dog down. Seek If your dog suffers from heat exhaustion, get veterinary attention even if your dog seems him out of the heat right away. If possible, fine. Heat exhaustion is a serious condition take him into an air-conditioned place. If that can easily prove life threatening. Source avma.org, dogingtonpost.com, petcha.com, that’s not possible, take him into the shade vetinfo.com

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Service Dog Scam donations. He also lied about having served in A company in the State of Virginia sold the military, according to the suit which seeks “Service Dogs” for $25,000 that were really restitution for customers as well as civil just untrained , Virginia says. penalties and attorneys’ fees. Customers turned to Service Dogs by Warren for highly trained dogs that would On behalf of the company, attorney John B. alert them to spikes or dips in blood sugar. Russell Jr. said via e-mail that What they got, the state of Virginia alleged it denied the allegations “and were “little more than incredibly expensive we absolutely deny that we .” have ever set out to mislead, cheat or defraud our many A lawsuit, filed by Attorney General Mark R. happy clients.” Russell said Herring in the Madison County Circuit Court, Service Dogs by Warren Retrievers had been accuses the company of violating the state’s working with the attorney general’s office to Consumer Protection Act by charging $18,000 address the concerns raised and, “in many to $27,000 for 3-month-old areas, we had already changed our procedures Labrador puppies that long before their investigation began.” were unable to perform their task or even to walk properly on Accusing the state’s Attorney General’s office leashes, respond when called, or of wanting to destroy the company and its remain calm around loud noises or owner, Russell promised “to fight these new people. Customers were told ridiculous allegations at every step.” that they would receive ample “scent training” support; instead, their requests for assistance Lately there has been growing scrutiny of service dogs both on the ground and in the air. were regularly ignored, the suit says. In recent months, several states have moved “This suit alleges not just dishonest and to clamp down on people who misrepresent their untrained pets as service dogs to gain unlawful business practices, but a recklessness that could have endangered the lives of access to public places, as federal disability law customers who relied on the claims made by requires. Major airlines have stiffened requirements for both service animals, which Service Dogs and its owner,” Herring said in a statement. “Our investigation shows that, in are trained to perform specific tasks, and many instances, Service Dogs was simply emotional support animals. At least two bills in Congress are aimed at limiting selling a $25,000 pet, leaving customers with a huge bill and no protection against a fraud on flights. potentially life-threatening blood-sugar Despite growth in the use of service animals situation.” and the agencies that provide them, no national certification, registration or training Complaints from more than 50 customers led protocol exists. That means owners can easily to a lengthy investigation. Beyond deceiving customers about the company’s dogs, the suit purchase “service animal” vests for ordinary pets. It also means that there is no oversight alleges, owner Charles D. Warren Jr. illegally encouraged them to solicit charitable of service dog companies.

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One voluntary accrediting organization, bugs including the eight-legged tick and International, has sought to set mosquitos. It’s a particularly useful chemical training standards and it because of its harmlessness to people when counts dozens of the most applied to the skin. In recent years, as more prominent service dog and more people have started to be sickened groups as members. Service by ticks and insects, some companies have Dogs by Warren Retrievers, begun to offer services that will treat your which says it also provides clothing with permethrin or to sell pants and service dogs for people with shirts already treated with it. autism and post-traumatic stress, is not one of those. Earlier research by the CDC has shown that permethrin-treated clothing was effective at Both International Federation and warding off the black-legged Assistance Dogs International have lists on tick (Ixodes scapularis) which their websites of their members who provide is the species most legitimate service animals. responsible for spreading Lyme disease in the US. In Service Dogs by Warren Retrievers promised the new study, they tested customers that assigned dogs possessed a whether it could defend “proven scent ability” and that they could be against the black-legged tick trained to seek help or even dial 911 on special as well as two other species, the lone star tick devices, according to the attorney general’s (Amblyomma americanum) and the American lawsuit. dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis) which cause less-common diseases in people, such as “However, the [dogs] were not trained prior to southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI) their arrival at the consumers’ homes,” the suit and Rocky Mountain spotted fever, says. “Numerous consumers had difficulty respectively. They also tested permethrin- getting the [dogs] to ‘alert’ with any treated clothing against both nymph and adult consistency or at the appropriate time.” ticks (younger nymph ticks are often thought Source: The Washington Post Animalia to spread disease more easily since they feed on our blood for longer periods of time).

Bug-Sprayed Clothing Works The researchers used 10 pieces of clothing from a well-known producer of permethrin- Really Does Keep Ticks Away treated clothing, Insect Shield, including shirts, pants, and socks. In one test, they had the A new CDC-led study published recently in the clothes propped up vertically while they Journal of Medical Entomology found that introduced the ticks, to see if they would fall clothing treated with permethrin was able to off; in others, they simply laid the clothes stop several species of disease-causing ticks, down and exposed the ticks to them for a either paralyzing them or making them fall off certain amount of time, ranging from one to the clothes. five minutes. They then observed these ticks over the next day to see if the chemical had Derived from a plant, permethrin is a common impaired their ability to move and bite. household insecticide that attacks a variety of

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“All tested tick species and life stages If you’re not willing to go experienced irritation—the ‘hot-foot’ effect— through the hassle of after coming into contact with permethrin- ordering new clothes or treated clothing,” said senior author Lars Eisen, having your existing research entomologist at the CDC’s National wardrobe specially Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious treated, there are also Diseases. This caused the ticks to drop off permethrin sprays you from a vertically oriented treated textile can pick up online. designed to mimic a pant leg or the arm of a There’s some evidence that this do-it-yourself shirt.” method might be even better at keeping away certain bugs like mosquitoes. According to the All of the ticks, across every stage of life and CDC, these sprays should have 0.5% every species tested, were also physically permethrin and be used to treat clothing such impaired and unable to bite for at least an hour as boots, pants, socks, as well as outdoor after five minutes of sustained contact with the camping gear like tents. clothing. Sources: GIZMODO HEALTH, [Journal of Medical Entomology]

But there were some subtler differences with lower doses. All black-legged nymphs were knocked out after only one minute’s worth of exposure while the same was true for 62 percent of adult female black-legged ticks (both male and female suck blood from humans but females are the usual culprit). Only 18% and 2% of American dog tick adult females and lone star tick adult females were affected by the clothing after one minute of exposure, respectively.

The findings are the strongest proof yet that permethrin-treated clothing gets the job done, What are dog days? the researchers say. However, there are still And when and why? some questions as to how to make the most of these products, as well as how durable their Every dog will have his day but a wise one effects are through repeated washes. won’t pick a dog day. These are the hot, sultry, muggy days of late summer when “Ultimately, we’d like to be able to provide “everything’s sticky but nothing stays stuck.” more specific guidance about the use of permethrin-treated clothing, including what The name comes from no earthly canine but types of clothing provide the best protection,” from the Dog Star, Sirius, which, at that time Eisen said. “Additional research in this area can of year, again makes its appearance. Look for improve public health recommendations.” it just before dawn in the sou’east, behind Orion. The Yankee Trivia Book

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Police dog sniffs out USB drive computers or electronic media, the police snares school hacker cannot simply enter your home to search it or any electronic device inside, like a laptop or A high schooler in a San Francisco Bay area mobile phone, without a warrant. suburb has been accused of hacking grades. Some students’ grades got bumped up and The Law Enforcement Cyber Center (LECC) some got pushed explains that warrants to seize or search digital down. devices or media require probable cause that The hack started they contain, or are, contraband, evidence of a with a phishing crime, fruits of crime, or a tool to commit a email that went crime. out to teachers Search warrants also require particularity: at Ygnacio Valley they have to describe the particular place to High School and be, searched and the specific items that police linked to a will seize. In the case of thumb drives, that website means the content of the drive must be disguised to look specified in the warrant as opposed to just like a Mount Diablo School District site. referring to the drive itself. The LECC refers Concord Police Sergeant Carl Cruz told a local to US guidelines on searching and seizing station, KPIX, that the message prompted computers and obtaining evidence in criminal recipients to go to the bogus site and then investigations, which to…log in to refresh your password or reset stipulate that: When something…which one teacher did, thereby electronic storage handing the hacker their login credentials. media are to be KPIX say that police traced an “electronic trail” searched because to the suspect’s house and searched it with K-9 they store information that is evidence of a Doug. The K-9 located the USB drive in a box crime, the items to be seized under the of tissues. The K-9 is one of the few police warrant should usually focus on the content of dogs trained to sniff out electronic devices, and the relevant files rather than the physical storage media… “that’s what he did,” Sergeant Cruz said.

Police aren’t releasing the name of the suspect, [One approach] is to begin with an ‘all records’ since he’s underage. They’re accusing him of description; add limiting language stating the using the teacher’s login to get into the crime, the suspects, and relevant time period, electronic grading system and boost or lower if applicable; include explicit examples of the 16 students’ grades. That includes his own records to be seized; and then indicate that the grades, which he raised, police claim. records may be seized in any form, whether The high schooler’s dad told police that his son electronic or non-electronic. In some wasn’t up to no good. He was just poking jurisdictions, judges or magistrates may around in the school systems to see what he impose specific conditions on how the search is could do. That is no defense. to be executed or require police to explain how they plan to limit the search before the warrant As the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) may be granted. explains in its guide to police searches of

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Parents be warned: “poking around” is illegal without authorization. That, in fact, is encapsulated in a law known as the Computer A CANINE’S UNIQUE NOSE Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA).

Grade hacking and unauthorized computer access are illegal. They can lead to a visit from the FBI. They can lead to jail time. Source: Law and Order Board of Directors— OFFICERS Norma Snelling, President & CEO, Washington [email protected] Sue Wolff, Executive Vice-President & Corporate Secretary, Tennessee [email protected] Heather Proper-Van Valkenberg, Chief Financial Officer, Pennsylvania [email protected] A canine’s nose print is believed to be as individual and unique as a human’s finger prints DIRECTORS Leslie Kucinskas, Michigan due to the pattern of ridges and dimples in [email protected] combination with the outline of its nostril Roy Pescador, Canada openings. Companies are even registering nose [email protected] Sherry Scruggs, Georgia prints as a way of identifying and helping to [email protected] locate lost or stolen dogs, a system that is now Anne Shehab, Delaware being used by kennel clubs around the world. [email protected]

Founding Members— If you want to take a nose print from your dog K-9 Thor, Eileen M. Nobles, Susan Bulanda, K-9 Roo, just for fun, it’s quite simple: Leslie Godchaux, Brian R. Hendrickson, Continental Kennel Club, Inc., K-9 River, K-9 Persha; Jan Wipe your dog’s nose with a towel to dry its Thompson, K-9 Cali, Peggy Ann Buchman; K-9 Geist surface. Pour food coloring onto a paper towel and lightly coat your canine’s nose with it. Then hold a pad of paper to her nose, What is a dog? making sure to let the pad’s sides curve around Raft dogs were used to hold logs together to pick up impressions from the sides of the when they were rafted. These were iron bars, nose, as well. You may have to try a couple of with each end bent and sharpened. Dogs were times until you get the right amount of food used in sawmills to hold the log being sawn; coloring and the right amount of pressure to cruder cousins of these secured a log for produce a print in which the little patterns on hewing. Not all dogs had teeth. A dogpost the nose are clear. was the last prop knocked out when a boat source: dummies.com was launched, so to be at the dog-end of a job meant the riskier or less pleasant part of it, which might explain why an under-bright apprentice was called the dogboy. The Yankee Trivia Book by Peter Farrow

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Hurricane Harvey or Are robotic noses the the Boston Marathon Bombing, dogs can future of disaster only really be measured by the rescue? number of people —if they can out sniff search dogs they do find; the number of people they don’t find may Responders to disasters i.e. FEMA are never be known. equipped with listening devices, heat detection However, research that has been conducted on equipment, and specially trained K-9s. “We urban rescue simulations is heartening. One use the dogs [as] locating tools,” says Scott 2015 study, published in the journal Wilderness Mateyaschuk of the New York Police and Environmental Medicine, analyzed 25 Department’s K-9 unit. “The dogs will locate experiments over four months with 10 dog and live human scent under structural collapse.” trainer pairs in England. The researchers found While canine units are a tried and fairly true a 76.4 percent success rate among dogs in a method for identifying people trapped in the simulated search and rescue environment, wreckage of a disaster, analytical chemists though they noted that some of the success have been working in the lab for was undercut by a high false positive rate—the years to create a robotic dogs sometimes barked at the wrong thing, alternative. A synthetic sniffer, which, in theory, could delay them from they argue, could potentially identifying the right thing. Other experimental prove to be just as or even more research of dogs in simulated search reliable than a dog, more environments has found success rates as high resilient in the face of external as 95 percent. pressures like heat and humidity, and infinitely “What’s very unique about the canines is their more portable via drone. ability to cover a large area of collapse in a Taking all of the regional groups together, very short period of time,” says Mateyaschuk. Mateyaschuk says, FEMA’s total canine “There really has been no technology—yet— headcount numbers around 285 “live find” that can do that.” canines, which are trained to when they While Mateyaschuk and the rest of the canine discover a living person, and 85 cadaver dogs, handlers associated with FEMA are satisfied expert in identifying the deceased. The dogs with—even proud of—the work their dogs do, are from a variety of breeds: about 60% are some scientists think search and rescue robots Labrador Retrievers. The next most popular might one day provide a faster and more are Belgian Malinois, which constitute about effective way of identifying victims in disasters. 14% of FEMA-affiliated dogs. Sotiris Pratsinis is a professor of process Measuring the true success of these elite urban engineering and material science at ETH rescue K9s remains difficult, as the only way to Zurich, a science and technology university in know if a dog successfully identified every Switzerland. In a recent study in the journal endangered person is through an entrapment simulation. In a real-life scenario like

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Analytical Chemistry, Pratsinis and his all of the chemicals released from both skin colleagues shared the results of a preliminary and lungs. The researchers found that, in study on a portable device that sniffs out particular, their sensors detected parts per humans in entrapment situations. billion of acetone, ammonia, and isoprene Less like a robotic than “with high accuracies… and precision, a metal box with an array of sensors, the unprecedented by portable sensors.” system Pratsinis helped to develop detects Other researchers are working on similar chemicals common in human breath and skin, projects, including mimicking canine respiration like acetone, ammonia, isoprene, and C02. It patterns. But how long it will take before we also detects shifts in relative humidity as the see these technologies in the field is anyone’s human mouth is typically much moister than guess. the surrounding environment. In theory, if one But agencies like FEMA, which would ostensibly or more of these chemicals were identified in a be the main users of such a device, aren’t concentration higher than background certain it’s necessary, or feasible. The fact that amounts, a search and rescue team would search and rescue teams are stationed around know a human being was in the vicinity even if the country, typically coming together only in they were trapped far below. times of crisis, means standardization is “In an earthquake, you have a significant area important. Everyone must be trained the same to cover,” Pratsinis says. “You have an hour to way with the same device, which means the save people, agency is methodical—perhaps even slow—in because after incorporating new equipment. That’s that, the especially true given FEMA doesn’t really have survival rate its own research and development arm. becomes Instead, it relies on external exploration [smaller and committees and regularly partners with smaller].” He another federal group, the National Institute of imagines a Standards and Technology, to review new day where the technologies. sensor array is made portable. That way, a What’s more, Mateyaschuk believes in the first responder could hold it in their hand as efficacy of FEMA’s existing noses: the search they comb the disaster site or they could dogs. “Over the last 13 years that I’m involved suspend the device from a drone—a relatively with this system, there’s been different things recent addition to the FEMA toolkit—for even that have come along that have not been able faster deployment. While dogs need rest and to capture the unique olfactory experience that water in the midst of a search, Pratsinis notes the dog has,” Mateyaschuk says. “Something his metal box will never tire. to be said about the dogs is, if it’s not broke, For now, though, the device is confined to the don’t fix it.” And while Pratsinis is invested in laboratory. In this initial study, participants the future of smelling devices, he were placed in a sterile plexiglass box for acknowledges canines still have a competitive observation. Researchers looked first at edge. “I wish we knew what the dogs were chemicals released from their lungs, then at picking up,” he says. “The dogs don’t tell us.” chemicals emitted from their skin, and finally at Source: www.popsci.com

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survival and first aid; working with USFS rescue climbers; tracking; wilderness first aid; Incident Command System; land navigation; use of GPS; radio operations; ropes; knots and SCSO hosts large scale haul systems; ATV certification; dive team operations; cave rescues; the role of chaplains SAR training exercise in SAR operations; compass and map reading; searches for special needs persons; drones and SAR operations; recovery of human remains; The Siskiyou County Sheriff’s Office (SCSO) native plants and edible plants; use of search Search and Rescue team hosted a major SAR dogs; SAR air operations, and other related emergency exercise in conjunction with the topics. California Oregon Regional Search and Rescue organization. The training started June 7 and According to Sheriff Jon Lopey, “This CORSAR ran through June 10. training and exercise opportunity is hosted by a county within the CORSAR organization once The annual summer exercise was held at Lake a year and we are honored to host the event Siskiyou Camp Resort in the Mount Shasta during 2018. SAR teams and their brave and area, and featured approximately 250 primarily volunteer members work hard and participants from Siskiyou, Modoc, and Del relentlessly to obtain and retain essential Norte counties from California and Jackson, certification and proficiency in numerous Klamath, Lake, Josephine, Coos, Curry, and essential job skills vital to the success of SAR Douglas counties of Oregon. missions, which frequently result in the rescue The United States Forest Service also of missing, stranded, injured, and/or participated in the event along with private and endangered citizens in a variety of challenging public organizations such as National Ski environments that exist in California and Patrol, Southern California Mountaineering, Oregon. Mercy Medical Center, the Child Abduction “The dedication, hard work, selfless service, Response Team, SCSO Dive Team, SCSO and courage of SAR volunteers and their first chaplains, California State University, Chico responder partners has been nothing short of Human Identification Lab; California exemplary through the years and many of our Department of Fish & Wildlife, California citizens, tourists, friends, relatives, and co- Rescue Dog Association, California Highway workers have been saved by their Patrol, and others. extraordinary efforts. I want to thank all of the Siskiyou County SAR members normally participating organizations and partners that respond to over 50 SAR-related calls or made this CORSAR training event possible, emergencies each year. SAR teams are made including Deputy Mike Burns and his CORSAR up primarily of volunteers, typically planning committee.” volunteering hundreds of hours of their time Most SAR organizations, including the SCSO every year to maintain SAR training SAR team, are actively seeking SAR volunteers. certifications and proficiencies in a variety of Anyone who wants to know more about complex skills. becoming an SAR member should contact

Deputy Mike Burns of SCSO at (530) 841-2900, For example, the CORSAR featured training in or, contact any SAR member at one of the a variety of SAR skills such as cold climate training sites when they are available during the CORSAR exercise. Source: siskiyoudaily.com SAR DOG NEWS June 2018 Page 17

JUNE 22ND TAKE YOUR the local dog shelter, or, better yet, let the local dog shelter come to your DOG TO WORK DAY workplace with dogs that are in need Studies have shown that bringing pets to work of a loving home – you never know, can increase productivity. So, on the third some of your co-workers may adopt a Friday of June take your dog to work to dog! celebrate Take Your Dog to Work Day.

Celebrated annually since 1999 on the first Friday after Father’s Day in the United States, this unofficial holiday was created by Pet Sitters International as a way to encourage dog adoption and to celebrate the love and joy dogs bring to the lives of their pet parents.

How to Celebrate?

▪ Take your furry friend to work on this day. Make sure you let your co- workers know that you will be bringing your dog to work and clear it with anyone who may have allergies or other issues. ▪ Have your company organize a visit to

KIBBLES & BITS by Susan Bulanda

Often in my practice I have had clients come to me with an older dog who has developed noise phobia. This has been a puzzling problem. I always suggest a thorough check up with their veterinarian with special attention to vision and hearing.

Recently a study showed that, while I was on the right track, the issue most likely was related to undetected muscle or joint pain. The study found that, when dogs tense up because of noise phobia, it could cause pain. When this happens, they tend to become more fearful and associate the pain with their environment and the noise. It is a vicious circle of pain, fear and association.

When canines associate the pain with their environment, they generalize the association with a wider area. An example would be pain initially associated with a piece of furniture, but then the dog avoids half or the entire room. They also tended to avoid other dogs. This makes sense since playing with other dogs might cause more pain.

Curing the problem is another issue. However, being able to stop the pain associated with the noise is a huge leap forward and breaks the cycle. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018

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HUMAN ENCOURAGEMENT between search and rescue dogs and their owner could be more effective than might influence how dogs solve communication between pet dogs and their problems owners," she said.

According to a new Oregon State University In the study, the dogs were given a solvable study, human encouragement might influence task with a person present: open a puzzle box how dogs solve problems, containing a sausage within two minutes. They compared a group of 28 search and rescue The study, published in The Journal of Applied dogs and a group of 31 pet dogs. Animal Behavior Science, Search and rescue dogs were used as a sheds light on how people comparison to pet dogs because they are influence animal traditionally trained to work independently behavior, said study lead from their owner. The search and rescue dogs author Lauren Brubaker, were provided by Mountain Wave Search and a doctoral student in rescue in Portland, Douglas County Search and OSU's Human-Animal Rescue in Roseburg, and Benton County Interaction Lab. Search and Rescue in Corvallis. Brubaker evaluated the Pet dogs were recruited at random from the behavior of search and community through online advertisement and rescue dogs and pet dogs by way of word of mouth. Data from pet dogs when presented with the from a 2015 study conducted by Udell were same problem-solving also used in the analysis. The dogs in both task. Both sets of dogs groups were from a variety of breeds. persisted at the task for about the same proportion of time, but the search and rescue The dogs were given the dogs were more successful at solving the task puzzle box under two when encouraged by their owners. conditions: alone in the room, and with their owner However, the search and rescue dogs didn't in the room standing solve the task when they were alone. Further, neutrally. During the pet dogs that solved the task with their owner neutral phase, owners were instructed to stand present -- but not encouraging them -- also in the room with their arms by their side and to solved it when they were alone, Brubaker said. avoid communicating with the dog. In the "We thought that was unusual," Brubaker said. encouragement condition, the owner was "Because search and rescue dogs are trained instructed to encourage the dog however they to work independently, we expected that they saw appropriate, typically by using verbal would out-perform pet dogs on this praise or gestures, but without touching the independent task and that wasn't the case. dog or the container and without making This suggests that the behavior of the owner, contact with the dog or the container. including their expectation of their dog and Before each condition the owner was how they engage with their dog on a day-to- instructed to "bait" the container by picking the day basis, may influence the dog during a container up, placing the food inside the problem-solving task. "This leads us to believe that communication

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container while the dog watched and showing toy. Instead of engaging in goal directed it to the dog to allow the dog to see that the behavior, they act as if their owner was container had food in it. Then they placed it encouraging them to play." on the ground in a designated location. In the Udell continued, "It's possible that when neutral-human condition, the owner took three directed by their owners, search and rescue steps back and stood neutrally for two dogs instead see opening the box as their job. minutes. During the alone condition the owner Their owners may be more effective at left the room after placing the object on the communicating about the task at hand. Or ground. maybe there is something inherently different In the human-neutral condition, three of the about dogs that are selected for search and pet dogs and two of search and rescue dogs rescue that makes them more apt to solve the solved the task. Two pet dogs solved the task problem. More research is needed to know for in the alone condition. In the encouragement sure." condition, nine of the search and rescue dogs Story Source: solved the task while only two pet dogs did. Materials provided by Oregon State University. "When the owner's social cues direct the dog towards the independent problem-solving task, then we see something interesting," said Oregon State University. "Human Monique Udell, an animal scientist who directs encouragement might influence how dogs the Human-Animal Interaction Lab in the solve problems." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 6 College of Agricultural Sciences. "While most June 2018. dogs increase the amount of time they spend . dogs often end up treating the puzzle like a

By Mike McMillan

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MEMORIAL TO HONOR June is National Pet VIETNAM WAR K-9S Preparedness Month

Even though we are specialized dog handlers, these are good tips for us to use and to pass along to other K-9 owners especially in light of the forest fires, volcanic eruptions and earthquakes that are occurring now. To top it all off, June 1 was the start of Hurricane Season. Remember, during a disaster what’s good for you is good for your K-9, so get them ready today. Plan options include: • Create a buddy system in case you’re not home. Ask a trusted neighbor to The Highground Veterans Memorial Park in check on your animals. Neillsville, Wisconsin, has dedicated a • Identify shelters. For public health memorial statue to all Military Working Dogs reasons, many emergency shelters who have served in our armed forces even cannot accept pets. thought it was inspired by a military K09 handler in Vietnam. The memorial features a soldier holding an M-16 rifle and his dog's harness. The life-size bronze sculpture is of a , the most common breed that served in Vietnam.

La Crosse sculptor Michael Martino was selected by a committee of veterans after submitting sketches and a model. Martino incorporated veterans' suggestions including a boonie hat on the soldier, a dog harness and two canteens because not only did handlers carry food and water for themselves but also for their K-9s. • Find pet friendly hotels (www.GoPetFriendly.com ) along your "They're bonded at the hip," said Martino. "The evacuation route and keep a list in your idea was the teamwork and closeness of the pet’s emergency kit. soldier and dog. It's kind of an inseparable • Locate boarding facilities or animal bond." hospitals near your evacuation shelter. • Consider an out-of-town friend or The Highground Veterans Memorial Park is relative. located about 50 miles southeast of Eau Claire in the Clark County community of Neillsville. For more information, see www.thehighground.us

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Food: At least a three (3) day supply in an airtight, waterproof container. Water: At least three (3) days of water specifically for each of your pets. Medicines and medical records. Important documents: Registration information, adoption papers and vaccination documents. Talk to your veterinarian about microchipping and enrolling your pet in a • Locate a veterinarian or animal hospital in recovery database. the area where you may be seeking First aid kit: Cotton bandage rolls, bandage temporary shelter, in case your pet needs tape and scissors; medical care. Add the contact information antibiotic ointment; to your emergency kit. flea and tick • Have your pet microchipped and make prevention; latex sure that you not only keep your address gloves, isopropyl and phone number up-to-date, but that alcohol and saline you also include contact info for an solution. Including a emergency contact outside of your pet first aid reference immediate area. book is a good idea • Call your local emergency management too. office, animal shelter or animal control office to get advice and information. Collar or harness with ID tag, • If you are unable to return to your home right away, you may need to board your tag and a leash. pet. Find out where pet boarding facilities Crate or pet carrier: are located. Have a sturdy, safe crate or carrier in case you • Most boarding kennels, veterinarians and need to evacuate. The carrier should be large animal shelters will need your pet's enough for your pet to stand, turn around and medical records to make sure all lie down. vaccinations are current. Sanitation: Pet litter and litter box if If you have no alternative but to leave • appropriate, newspapers, paper towels, plastic your pet at home, there are some trash bags and household chlorine bleach. precautions you must take, but remember that leaving your pet at home alone can A picture of you and your pet together. If place your animal in great danger! you become separated, a picture of you and your pet together will help you document Build a Pet-Safe Kit ownership and allow others to assist you. Add species, breed, age, sex, color and Include basic survival items and items to keep distinguishing characteristics. your pet happy and comfortable. Start with this list, or download Preparing Makes Sense Familiar items: Familiar items, such as treats, for Pet Owners-Emergency Preparedness Pet toys and bedding can help reduce stress for Kit List (PDF) to find out exactly what items your pet. your pet needs. Source: https://www.ready.gov/animals

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DOUGLAS COUNTY (OREGON) But when dogs are out in rough terrain, SEARCH AND RESCUE K-9 Schneider said there’s always a risk of them getting injured. “They’re so motivated it’s not “The nose can work when the eyes can’t.” unusual for them to cut a foot or jam That quote from Cathy themselves on a stick,” Schneider said. Schneider could Right now, Coffel said four dogs in the group arguably be the motto are state certified: Riddle, Puffin, Max and behind the Douglas Lucy. To be certified, Coffel said dogs go out County (Oregon) in a 2-acre area with six scent sources; the dog Search and Rescue’s has to find at least four of them. Before the K-9 team as the dogs dogs can even be certified, the handlers have bound off through the to become ground searchers, a process that woods, searching for missing people by trailing takes about a year. or sniffing the air for their scent. For Schneider, it’s about teamwork. “It’s not Schneider and Linda Coffel run the team, and just about being the one that finds the missing they both come with a lot of experience. party, it’s about being part of the team and Schneider has been doing canine search and eliminating places where the person is not,” rescue training since 1996 and Coffel has been Schneider said. training for 20 years. When Coffel is out searching with her dog, she Schneider said it’s important to always focus said, she uses gauze pads as a scent article, on the fun aspect of training for the animals. rubbing it on items like clothing, bedding or “This has got to be a game to the dogs right shoes. When they get a call and the dog starts up until we retire them,” Schneider said. tracking a scent, handlers just have to believe Coffel got started in search and rescue in the hours and hours of training they’ve put because she used to do American Kennel Club in. tracking and had a friend that decided to start When handlers are the K9 search group. “I said ‘Hey wait I want out searching they to be part of this too,’” Coffel said. Now, she’s always have a working with her fifth dog, Riddle, a Springer flanker following . behind so they can Not only does Riddle’s background focus on their dog. help with search work but size is also a factor Schneider said for Coffel if the dog were to get injured. “I can being a handler is throw a 50-pound dog over my shoulder if I about watching the have to,” Coffel said. dog’s body language and understanding when One of Schneider’s much smaller dogs, a they’re fearful or have lost a scent. Pomeranian-Papillon mix named Puffin, does Schneider said dogs are especially human remains searches and firearms advantageous to searches when someone is detection. “It’s more about if they can do the unconscious and not responding to sound job and they’re physically capable of handling sweeps. She said dogs are able to handle the terrain,” Schneider said. rough terrain much faster than humans can.

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Training a search and rescue dog runs counter “So you have to love what you’re doing and to traditional dog training, where the owner part of that is knowing you’re appreciated and tells the dog what to do and the support that comes down from up above,” where to go. she said. “We are not telling an air Now that Schneider is 69, she said she hopes scent dog where to go, we to leave behind a top-notch K-9 search and tell them what we want them rescue team. “Of every place that I have done to find and they go out and this, Douglas County is far above the best one search the area,” Schneider I’ve ever worked for,” Schneider said. “They said. are very serious and they appreciate the fact Schneider said when she that they’re asking that much of us as starts searching in a different volunteers.” direction, her dog Max will wait until she starts Source: The News Review going the right way. “He’ll sit down and say I’m not coming with you because the scent is over here,” she said. Coffel said they’ll go to seminars to learn new information and bring it back to the group. In June, she and Schneider plan to go to a cadaver training in San Luis Obispo. Previously, they went to a body farm, also known as a forensic anthropology research facility, in Texas to train so the dogs can train Immortalize your dog by letting to smell for decomposition. K-9 teams have NSDA feature him/her on Social the ability to search for a recently deceased Media! body in a 2-5-acre area. Let us add pictures of your NSDA certified K-9 on our Facebook page along with your name; dog’s name, age and breed; team affiliation (if applicable); location; and their NSDA certifications. Then you’ll have bragging rights with all your SAR teammates along with your friends and family.

By submitting photos, you are providing consent for NSDA to use Schneider said handlers have to be passionate, your photos and the above and if they’re just in it for that one save, they’ll information on NSDA social media get burned out if they’re not passionate about pages. the process — which takes around two years to Do it today! Send your pic & info get certified. to Tracy Wessel at [email protected] There is no deadline. This is a rolling request. .

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THE LAST HOWL By Sue Wolff

Opinions expressed in this column are those of the author and not necessarily those of the National Search Dog Alliance.

For the past couple of months, I have been dog sitting a -bull dog mix. Since I have always had long-nosed dogs (GSDs and Labs), I was not prepared for this dog’s “snuffling”. His snoring is a riot and he does out snore my GSD and my cat. Fortunately I’m a sound sleeper.

Now that I have been around a pug-nosed dog for an extended period of time, I can see why they are not conducive to SAR work. Even though short-nosed dogs can smell hundreds of times better than a human, I can’t help but think about taking one of this type of dog on a search. I would constantly wonder what kind of debris he/she is getting up their nose and into their mouth especially since the mucus layer that lines the air passages serves as a filter to trap bacteria and particulate matter.

The length of a dog’s snout can have an effect on his/her ability to smell. Longer-nosed dogs have more scent-reception cells thus making more efficient SAR dogs. Olfactory area or

turbinate bones

nostril

Here are some statics on scent receptors which can put this in perspective: Species Number of Scent Receptors Humans 5 million Dachshund 125 million Fox 147 million 225 million German Shepherd 225 million Bloodhound 300 million

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Inside the nose of both humans and canines are bony scroll-shaped plates called turbinates over which air passes. A microscopic view of this organ reveals a thick, spongy membrane that contains most of the scent-detecting cells as well as the nerves that transport that information to the brain. In humans, the area containing these odor analyzers is about one square inch or the size of a postage stamp. If you could unfold this area in a dog, it may be as large as 60 square inches or just under the size of a piece of typing paper.

The mucus on the dog’s nose helps it smell by capturing scent particles. Along with that aid, a dog has two different air passages, one for breathing and another for smelling. This means that dogs are able to store the smell in their nose even while breathing out the air.

When dogs exhale, they send air out through the slits of their nose but the manner in which this air is exhaled through their nose helps the dogs to draw in new odor molecules. This also helps dogs capture more smells when sniffing.

A dog also has the ability to smell independently from each nostril, this helps the dog to understand from which direction the smell is coming. This is where the SAR dog handler comes in…and their knowledge of scent theory. I have found over the years that a dearth of SAR K-9 handlers has studied scent theory much less their dog’s olfactory system. Much to my amazement, they are considered field operative and work searches. They must find the victim through pure luck!

One way to begin to learn about scent theory, as well as more details about the dog’s olfactory system, is to read Scent and the Scenting Dog by William Syrotuck. It is perhaps the go-to manual for scent theory. It’s clearly written with outstanding illustrations. There are many more excellent books on scent training but this is considered the foundation work that all K-9 handlers must read. It’s available at most online book stores in paperback and electronic books.

Mastering scent theory is essential to competent and successful searches and is one of the cornerstones of SAR K-9 work. Most handlers want to charge forth and follow their dog’s tail into the wilderness or into the urban jungle. That enthusiasm is understandable. We’ve all been there. But what if your dog’s tail leads you to a tree and stops. What now? If you’d studied any scent theory, you’d know about scent pools, skin rafts and the overall scent picture. Don’t let your lack of knowledge be the cause of missing a victim.

Sources: AVMA.org, AL A&M & Auburn University, dummies.com, scienceabc.com, wholedogjournal.com

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List your tests, training seminars, and conferences in the SAR Dog News Reach over 1,438 SAR K-9 handlers Contact Norma Snelling at: [email protected]

Tests, Training Seminars, and Conferences

TESTS 2018 Topic Location Contact June

Camp

15 K9 Pretest Lillian Hardy [email protected] Atterbury, IN Camp 16-17 K9650 K9 Credentialing test Lillian Hardy [email protected] Atterbury, IN

TRAINING SEMINARS AND CONFERENCES

2018 Topic Location Contact June Clandestine graves, recovery

11-18 Littleton, CO Coordinator www.necrosearch.org of human remains course Water search

15-17 Dayton, OH Coordinator www.ampkt.com seminar Channeling drive Virginia

18-19 Coordinator www.facebook.com/events/792043047650251/ and motivation Beach, VA Washington State Ellensburg,

18-24 Coordinator http://www.wasarcon.org SAR Conference WA Hurricane disaster Virginia

20-21 Coordinator www.facebook.com/events/836283839876434/ K9 workshop Beach, VA K9320 Intermediate Camp

23-24 Lillian Hardy [email protected] tracking/trailing Atterbury, IN tech K9s K9 cadaver search

27-30 Exeter, RI Coordinator www.ampkt.com seminar Area, Trailing, 29-Jul 3 Wallowa, OR Janet Wilts [email protected] Cadaver Seminar

SAR DOG NEWS June 2018 Page 27

July Component Whitewater, https://form.jotform.us/72638086239162 2-6 Ed Presnall Training Camp WI www.ctdawgs.com Water HRD

6-7 Cody, WY K. T. Irwin http://www.nwk9sar.org/ workshop K9 Water search Barkhamsted,

13-15 invitational Coordinator www.ampkt.com CT seminar Water, Trailing 13-20 Colorado Janet Wilts [email protected] seminar K9500 Water

14-15 cadaver search Vevay, IN Lillian Hardy [email protected] tech for K9s 2018 Working

16-18 Dog Conf. & St. Louis, MO Coordinator https://workingdogmagazine.com/conference/ Vendor Show AMPWDA Alabama http://www.ampwda.com/huntsville.pdf 20-22 Huntsville, AL Tony Keith workshop, urban and wilderness Skills for TDU & Burlington, [email protected] 21-23 Sil Sanders VST tracking WA www.EnthusiasticTracking.com Disaster K9 Salt Lake City,

23-24 Coordinator www.facebook.com/events/1614650975268185/ Workshop UT K9 tactical Salt Lake City,

25 emergency Coordinator www.facebook.com/events/349928942147468/ UT casualty care K9400 Advanced Camp

28-29 air scenting tech Lillian Hardy [email protected] Atterbury, IN for K9s

August SAR 400 Ground Camp

4-5 Lillian Hardy [email protected] search technician Atterbury, IN Water search

4-5 Smithfield, RI Coordinator www.ampkt.com workshop K9420 Advanced Camp

4-5 tracking/trailing Lillian Hardy [email protected] Atterbury, IN tech K9s Component Waterville, https://form.jotform.us/72637945239165 6-10 Ed Presnall Training Camp ME www.ctdawgs.com Water search

15-18 Buffalo, NY Coordinator www.ampkt.com class K9200 Basic land cadaver Camp

18 Lillian Hardy [email protected] techniques for Atterbury, IN K9s K9210 Basic air scenting Camp

19 Lillian Hardy [email protected] techniques for Atterbury, IN K9s Southern Wind River 31-Sep 3 Wind River Janet Wilts [email protected] Seminar Range, WY

SAR DOG NEWS June 2018 Page 28

September Camp

8 SAR 101 Skills day Lillian Hardy [email protected] Atterbury, IN K9410 Advanced Camp

8-9 land cadaver Lillian Hardy [email protected] Atterbury, IN tech. K9s K9 advanced North

11-15 Coordinator www.ampkt.com cadaver search Kingstown, RI Canine Search Haw River and Recovery http://csar2018.info/ 16-21 State Park, Coordinator CSAR 2018 [email protected] NC Conference K9530 Basic intro disaster search Muscatatuck,

18-19 Lillian Hardy [email protected] techniques for IN K9s K9330 Intermediate Muscatatuck,

19-20 Lillian Hardy [email protected] disaster tech for IN K9s K9430 Advanced disaster Muscatatuck,

21-22 Lillian Hardy [email protected] techniques for IN K9s NWSARCon, Scent www.nwsarcon.com 21-23 Boring, OR Coordinator Summit scent-summit.com/en/scent-summit-2018 Appomattox,

23-28 2018 Fall Seminar Coordinator https://www.olddominionsar.com/ VA

October NSI K9 All Breed Seminar (urban Maryln http://www.nsk9ta.com/seminar.html 17-21 and wilderness Edinburgh, IN Adams [email protected] trailing, water and land HRD) November IDHS SAR 1-4 Edinburgh, IN Jan Meyer [email protected] Conference HRD Specialty Wildersville, 7-11 Coordinator www.facebook.com/events/292396347934283/ Training TN

National Search Dog Alliance 2018 06/05/18 Statement of Financial Income and Expense Cash Basis January through May 2018

Unclassified TOTAL Ordinary Income/Expense Income 43400 · Direct Public Support 43430 · Indv/Business Contributions 43432 · Network for Good 355.51 355.51 43433 · Greater Houston Com. Foundation 1,000.00 1,000.00 43434 · Amazon Smile 23.91 23.91 43430 · Indv/Business Contributions - Other 140.00 140.00 Total 43430 · Indv/Business Contributions 1,519.42 1,519.42

Total 43400 · Direct Public Support 1,519.42 1,519.42 45000 · Investments 45030 · Interest-Savings, Short-term CD 101.16 101.16 45040 · Interest - Checking 2.39 2.39 Total 45000 · Investments 103.55 103.55 46400 · Other Types of Income 46420 · Inventory Sales (Merchandise) 137.50 137.50 46430 · Certification Field Test 3,307.77 3,307.77 46440 · On Line Certification Testing 600.00 600.00 Total 46400 · Other Types of Income 4,045.27 4,045.27 47200 · Programmed Income 47210 · Membership Dues - Individual 4,320.91 4,320.91 47230 · Membership Dues - Team 1,267.00 1,267.00 Total 47200 · Programmed Income 5,587.91 5,587.91

Total Income 11,256.15 11,256.15

Gross Profit 11,256.15 11,256.15 Expense 60900 · Business/Restration Fees 159.96 159.96 65000 · Operations 65020 · Postage, Mailing Service 237.58 237.58 65021 · Alliance Depot Goods & Shipping 3.50 3.50 65060 · Membership Cards and Records 884.00 884.00 65075 · Hosting Fees 67.85 67.85 65080 · PayPal Cost-Membership Dues 130.84 130.84 65100 · PayPal Cost-On Line Training 36.99 36.99 65102 · PayPal Costs - Field Test 55.38 55.38 65104 · PayPal Cost of Donation 1.95 1.95 65110 · Banking Fees 12.00 12.00 65130 · Membership Refunds 298.71 298.71 65131 · Field Test Refunds 115.00 115.00 65132 · Online Testing Refunds 4.59 4.59 65150 · Marketing 275.92 275.92 Total 65000 · Operations 2,124.31 2,124.31 66000 · General Test/Training Cost 66200 · Evaluator Admin Supplies 285.60 285.60 66400 · Evaluator Award 188.65 188.65 66500 · Evaluator Travel 4,498.90 4,498.90 Total 66000 · General Test/Training Cost 4,973.15 4,973.15 68000 · BOD Travel and Meetings 68100 · BOD meeting/travel 1,258.22 1,258.22 Total 68000 · BOD Travel and Meetings 1,258.22 1,258.22

Total Expense 8,515.64 8,515.64

Net Ordinary Income 2,740.51 2,740.51

Net Income 2,740.51 2,740.51