Epistemes’ and Structures of Sense-Making in Organisational Life
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Rethinking Governmentality
ARTICLE IN PRESS + MODEL Political Geography xx (2006) 1e5 www.elsevier.com/locate/polgeo Rethinking governmentality Stuart Elden* Department of Geography, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom On 1st February 1978 at the Colle`ge de France, Michel Foucault gave the fourth lecture of his course Se´curite´, Territoire, Population [Security, Territory, Population]. This lecture, which became known simply as ‘‘Governmentality’’, was first published in Italian, and then in English in the journal Ideology and Consciousness in 1979. In 1991 it was reprinted in The Foucault Effect, a collection which brought together work by Foucault and those inspired by him (Burch- ell, Gordon, & Miller, 1991). Developing from this single lecture has been a veritable cottage industry of material, across the social sciences, including geography, of ‘governmentality studies’. In late 2004 the full lecture course and the linked course from the following year were pub- lished by Seuil/Gallimard as Se´curite´, Territoire, Population: Cours au Colle`ge de France (1977e1978) and Naissance de la biopolitique: Cours au Colle`ge de France (1978e1979) [The Birth of Biopolitics]. The lectures were edited by Michel Senellart, and the publication was timed to coincide with the 20th anniversary of Foucault’s death. They are currently being translated into English by Graham Burchell, and we publish an excerpt from the first lecture of the Security, Territory, Population course here. Given the interest of geographers in the notion of governmentality, the publication of the lectures is likely to have a significant impact. The concept of governmentality has produced a range of important studies, including those in a range of disciplines (see, for example, Barry, Osborne, & Rose, 1996; Dean, 1999; Lemke, 1997; Senellart, 1995; Walters & Haahr, 2004; Walters & Larner, 2004) as well as some analyses from within geography (Braun, 2000; Cor- bridge, Williams, Srivastava, & Veron, 2005; Hannah, 2000; Huxley, 2007; Legg, 2006). -
Phenomenology As Philosophy and Method Applications to Ways of Doing Special Education
Phenomenology As Philosophy and Method Applications to Ways of Doing Special Education JEAN C. McPHAIL ABSTRACT 1 HENOMENOLOGY IS A PHILOSOPHICAL MOVEMENT The theoretical positions of the preceding two texts THAT APPROACHES THE STUDY OF HUMAN BEINGS AND THEIR create significantly different orientations to the life worlds CULTURE DIFFERENTLY FROM THE LOGICAL POSITIVIST MODEL of people. The quote by Merleau-Ponty describes the USED IN THE NATURAL SCIENCES AND IN SPECIAL EDUCA- essential focus of the phenomenological movement in TION. PHENOMENOLOGISTS VIEW THE APPLICATION OF THE philosophy—human consciousness. The Individualized Edu- LOGICAL POSITIVIST MODEL TO THE STUDY OF HUMAN BEINGS cation Program written for a 13-year-old young man with AS INAPPROPRIATE BECAUSE THE MODEL DOES NOT ADDRESS learning disabilities characterizes the prevalent view of THE UNIQUENESS OF HUMAN LIFE. IN THIS ARTICLE, THE individuals working in the field of special education—an THEORETICAL ASSUMPTIONS AND METHODOLOGICAL orientation directed toward changing the behavior of indi- ORIENTATIONS OF PHENOMENOLOGY ARE DISCUSSED, viduals with disabilities. Whereas phenomenology privi- FOLLOWED BY THEIR APPLICATIONS TO WAYS OF DOING leges the nature of the meanings that people construct in RESEARCH IN SPECIAL EDUCATION. their lives and that guide their actions, special education focuses on the study and practice of behavioral change outside the context of the life meanings of individuals with disabilities. The shift that Bruner (1990) described in the early stages of the cognitive revolution from an emphasis on the "construction of meaning to the processing of mean- P. HENOMENOLOGY IS AN INVENTORY OF CON- ing" (p. 4) aptly characterizes the essential differences JLsciousness HEN( as of that wherein a universe resides. -
Vietnamese Existential Philosophy: a Critical Reappraisal
VIETNAMESE EXISTENTIAL PHILOSOPHY: A CRITICAL REAPPRAISAL A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Hi ền Thu Lươ ng May, 2009 i © Copyright 2009 by Hi ền Thu Lươ ng ii ABSTRACT Title: Vietnamese Existential Philosophy: A Critical Reappraisal Lươ ng Thu Hi ền Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Temple University, 2009 Doctoral Advisory Committee Chair: Lewis R. Gordon In this study I present a new understanding of Vietnamese existentialism during the period 1954-1975, the period between the Geneva Accords and the fall of Saigon in 1975. The prevailing view within Vietnam sees Vietnamese existentialism during this period as a morally bankrupt philosophy that is a mere imitation of European versions of existentialism. I argue to the contrary that while Vietnamese existential philosophy and European existentialism share some themes, Vietnamese existentialism during this period is rooted in the particularities of Vietnamese traditional culture and social structures and in the lived experience of Vietnamese people over Vietnam’s 1000-year history of occupation and oppression by foreign forces. I also argue that Vietnamese existentialism is a profoundly moral philosophy, committed to justice in the social and political spheres. Heavily influenced by Vietnamese Buddhism, Vietnamese existential philosophy, I argue, places emphasis on the concept of a non-substantial, relational, and social self and a harmonious and constitutive relation between the self and other. The Vietnamese philosophers argue that oppressions of the mind must be liberated and that social structures that result in violence must be changed. Consistent with these ends Vietnamese existentialism proposes a multi-perspective iii ontology, a dialectical view of human thought, and a method of meditation that releases the mind to be able to understand both the nature of reality as it is and the means to live a moral, politically engaged life. -
Post-Continental Philosophy: Its Definition, Contours, and Fundamental Sources
Post-continental Philosophy: Its Definition, Contours, and Fundamental Sources NELSON MALDONADO-TORRES It is no accident that the global geographical framework in use today is essentially a cartographic celebration of European power. After centuries of imperialism, the presumptions of a worldview of a once-dominant metropole has become part of the intellectual furniture of the world…. Metageography matters, and the attempt to engage it critically has only begun. Martin W. Lewis and Kären W. Wigen, The Myth of Continents.1 or several decades now the contours of legitimate philosophy have been drawn by advocates of F so-called analytic and continental philosophies. Analytic philosophy is often referred to as a style of thinking centered on the question of whether something is true, rather than, as continental philosophy, on the multiple factors that constitute meaning.2 Analytic philosophy is also said to be closer to the sciences, while continental philosophy has more affinity with the humanities.3 One of the reasons for this lies in that while analytic philosophy tends to dismiss history from its reflections, continental philosophy typically emphasizes the relevance of time, tradition, lived experience, and/or social context. Fortunately, this situation is slowly but gradually changing today. A variety of intellectuals are defying the rigid boundaries of these fields. Some of the most notable are Afro- American, Afro-Caribbean, and Latina/o scholars using the arsenal of these bodies of thought to analyze and interpret problems related to colonialism, racism, and sexism in the contemporary world.4 These challenges demand a critical analysis of the possibilities and limits of change within the main coordinates of these different styles or forms of philosophizing. -
Continental Philosophies of the Social Sciences David Teira
Continental philosophies of the social sciences David Teira 1. Introduction In my view, there is no such thing as a continental philosophy of the social sciences. There is, at least, no consensual definition of what is precisely continental in any philosophical approach. 1 Besides, there are many approaches in the philosophy of the social sciences that are often qualified as continental , but there is no obvious connection between them. The most systematic attempt so far to find one is Yvonne Sherratt’s (2006) monograph, where continental approaches would be appraised as different branches of the Humanist tradition. According to Sherratt, philosophers in this tradition draw on the ideas and arguments of the ancient Greek and Roman thinkers, since they understand philosophy as an accumulative endeavor, where the past is a continuous source of wisdom. Unlike empiricist philosophers in the analytic tradition, humanists see the world as an intrinsically purpose-laden, ethically, aesthetically, and spiritually valuable entity . However, once you adopt such a broad definition in order to encompass such different thinkers as Marx, Nietzsche, Heidegger or Foucault, it seems difficult not to see humanistic traits in analytic philosophers as well. Moreover, when it comes to the philosophical study of actual social sciences, it is not clear whether adopting a humanistic stance makes, as such, any difference in the analysis: as we will see below, the arguments of the continental philosophers discussed here do not presuppose a particular commitment with, e.g., ideas from classical Antiquity. Certain Greeks named those who did not speak their language Barbarians , but it was never clear who counted as a proper speaker of Greek. -
Governing Circulation: a Critique of the Biopolitics of Security
Open Research Online The Open University’s repository of research publications and other research outputs Governing circulation: A critique of the biopolitics of security Book Section How to cite: Aradau, Claudia and Blanke, Tobias (2010). Governing circulation: A critique of the biopolitics of security. In: de Larrinaga, Miguel and Doucet, Marc G. eds. Security and Global Governmentality: Globalization, Governance and the State. London: Routledge. For guidance on citations see FAQs. c 2010 Routledge Version: Accepted Manuscript Link(s) to article on publisher’s website: http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415560580/ Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. For more information on Open Research Online’s data policy on reuse of materials please consult the policies page. oro.open.ac.uk Governing circulation: a critique of the biopolitics of security Claudia Aradau (Open University) and Tobias Blanke (King’s College London) Suggested quotation: Claudia Aradau and Tobias Blanke (2010), ‘Governing Circulation: a critique of the biopolitics of security’ in Miguel de Larrinaga and Marc Doucet (eds), Security and Global Governmentality: Globalization, Power and the State (Basingstoke: Palgrave), pp. 44-58. Michel Foucault’s lectures at the Collège de France on Security, Territory, Population and The Birth of Biopolitics have offered new ways of thinking the transformation of power relations and security practices from the 18 th century on in Europe. While governmental technologies and rationalities had already been aptly explored to understand the multiple ways in which power takes hold of lives to be secured and lives whose riskiness is to be neutralised (e.g. -
Said-Introduction and Chapter 1 of Orientalism
ORIENTALISM Edward W. Said Routledge & Kegan Paul London and Henley 1 First published in 1978 by Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd. 39 Store Street, London WCIE 7DD, and Broadway House, Newton Road, Henley-on-Thames, Oxon RG9 1EN Reprinted and first published as a paperback in 1980 Set in Times Roman and printed in Great Britain by Redwood Burn Limited Trowbridge & Esher © Edward W. Said 1978 No Part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except for the quotation of brief passage in criticism. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Said, Edward W. Orientalism, 1. East – Study and teaching I. Title 950’.07 DS32.8 78-40534 ISBN 0 7100 0040 5 ISBN 0 7100 0555 5 Pbk 2 Grateful acknowledgements is made to the following for permission to reprint previously published material: George Allen & Unwin Ltd.: Excerpts from Subject of the Day: Being a Selection of Speeches and Writings by George Nathaniel Curzon. George Allen & Unwin Ltd.: Excerpts from Revolution in the Middle East and Other Case Studies, proceedings of a seminar, edited by P. J. Vatikiotis. American Jewish Committee: Excerpts from “The Return of Islam” by Bernard Lewis, in Commentary, vol. 61, no. 1 (January 1976).Reprinted from Commentary by permission.Copyright © 1976 by the American Jewish Committee. Basic Books, Inc.: Excerpts from “Renan’s Philological Laboratory” by Edward W. Said, in Art, Politics, and Will: Essarys in Honor of Lionel Trilling, edited by Quentin Anderson et al. Copyright © 1977 by Basic Books, Inc. The Bodley Head and McIntosh & Otis, Inc.: Excerpts from Flaubert in Egypt, translated and edited by Franscis Steegmuller.Reprinted by permission of Francis Steegmuller and The Bodley Head. -
PHI 516/GER 566/REL 516 Special Topics In
PHI 516/GER 566/REL 516 Special Topics in History of Phil: Knowledge & Belief in Kant, Fichte, Hegel Instructor: Andrew Chignell ([email protected]) Spring 2020, Marx 201, Th 1:30-4:20 Office: 232 1879 Hall; Office Hours: Tues 4-5:30 and by appt A seminar on Kantian epistemology and pistology (the theory of faith or acceptance). Topics include: the nature and ethics of assent (holding-for-true); the nature of knowledge; fallibilism and infallibilism about epistemic justification; cognition and spontaneity; noumenal ignorance; opinion and common sense; epistemic autonomy; and the structure of practical arguments, both pragmatic and moral. In the final weeks of the seminar we will consider how some of these themes are treated by two of Kant’s most influential successors – J.G. Fichte and G.W.F. Hegel. Along the way, we will look at some broadly Kantian efforts in contemporary epistemology by authors like Mark Schroeder and Kurt Sylvan. Assignments: 1. Short reflections: Everyone taking the course for credit is asked to submit five 1-2 page reflections. Often these will simply elaborate a question about the reading, but they can also involve criticism or constructive work. These are due on Wednesday night before class at 11.59pm, and should focus on the readings for the following day’s class. Graded on a satisfactory/unsatisfactory basis, they are worth (combined) 30% of the grade. As long as you’re doing the required reading, it shouldn’t be hard to achieve full credit for this. 2. Presentation: Ph.D. students have the opportunity (but not the obligation) to give a short presentation to the seminar. -
What Is Philosophy.Pdf
I N T R O D U C T I O N What Is Philosophy? CHAPTER 1 The Task of Philosophy CHAPTER OBJECTIVES Reflection—thinking things over—. [is] the beginning of philosophy.1 In this chapter we will address the following questions: N What Does “Philosophy” Mean? N Why Do We Need Philosophy? N What Are the Traditional Branches of Philosophy? N Is There a Basic Method of Philo- sophical Thinking? N How May Philosophy Be Used? N Is Philosophy of Education Useful? N What Is Happening in Philosophy Today? The Meanings Each of us has a philos- “having” and “doing”—cannot be treated en- ophy, even though we tirely independent of each other, for if we did of Philosophy may not be aware of not have a philosophy in the formal, personal it. We all have some sense, then we could not do a philosophy in the ideas concerning physical objects, our fellow critical, reflective sense. persons, the meaning of life, death, God, right Having a philosophy, however, is not suffi- and wrong, beauty and ugliness, and the like. Of cient for doing philosophy. A genuine philo- course, these ideas are acquired in a variety sophical attitude is searching and critical; it is of ways, and they may be vague and confused. open-minded and tolerant—willing to look at all We are continuously engaged, especially during sides of an issue without prejudice. To philoso- the early years of our lives, in acquiring views phize is not merely to read and know philoso- and attitudes from our family, from friends, and phy; there are skills of argumentation to be mas- from various other individuals and groups. -
New Oracles from Delphi - a 'Crucial Experiment' for Positivism in Archival History
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive) Faculty of Business and Law 1-1-2009 New oracles from Delphi - a 'crucial experiment' for positivism in archival history Aida Sy Manhattan College, [email protected] Tony Tinker Baruch College at the City University of New York, [email protected] George M. Mickhail University of Wollongong, [email protected] Fahrettin Okcabol Mercy College Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/commpapers Part of the Business Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Sy, Aida; Tinker, Tony; Mickhail, George M.; and Okcabol, Fahrettin: New oracles from Delphi - a 'crucial experiment' for positivism in archival history 2009, 1-30. https://ro.uow.edu.au/commpapers/2397 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] New oracles from Delphi - a 'crucial experiment' for positivism in archival history Abstract Empiricism has reigned supreme as an episteme for mainstream accounting research for some 25 years. In accounting, the Empiricist doctrine has assumed various guises. Positive Accounting is one of Empiricism's generic forms. It exists both in its own right, and in various incarnations such as Market Studies, Agency Theory and Historical Archivalism (in accounting history). In the U.S, these manifestations of Empiricism emerged in the mainstream literature in response to attacks on the then Big 8 accounting firms and their corporate clients. In the 1970's, Abraham Briloff's assaults in Barrons were costing the firms and their clients millions of dollars in law suits. -
PHENOMENOLOGY AS a METHODOLOGICAL TOOL a Phenomenological Research When Exploring the Potential Environmental Crises in the New York City
PHENOMENOLOGY AS A METHODOLOGICAL TOOL A phenomenological research when exploring the potential environmental crises in the New York city Student Xian Chen (4778456) Chair of Complex, “NEW YORK MIDTOWN” Thesis “The essential environmental crisis in Midtown-Manhattan” Lecture Series on Research Methods PHENOMENOLOGY AS A METHODOLOGICAL TOOL I THE SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH MECHODOLOGY Research, as a scientific and systematic investigation for relevant information on a specific topic, is a movement of discovery that brings us from the known to the unknown. In other words, the primary objective of research is to discover answers to questions through a series of applicable methods and procedures. Architecture design is an interactive process which highly rely on a large spectrum of social situations. The process not only deals with the architectural knowledge within its own epistemological sense, but also involves other areas, such as environmental, cultural and social space, and economical and political issues. According to Bryan Lawson, a professor of Sheffield University, there are basically three phases of research to make architectural studies clearer. The first step is the process. During the process, researchers have to address the knowledge about history and environmental problems related to the project, or even prepare for the potential constructing challenges. The next step is about the produce, where researches design the project referring to researches. It might take the materials, tectonics and aesthetics into account. The third step is the building performance. Observing and testing the built project’s issues in terms of social occupation, cultural assimilation and environmental performance. The model describes that architectural research encourages cross-disciplinary methods for investigating the life process of a project. -
Michel Foucault, Fearless Speech. Edited by Joseph Pearson. (Los Angeles: Semiotext(E), 2001), 183 Pages
BOOK REVIEWS 77 Michel Foucault, Fearless Speech. Edited by Joseph Pearson. (Los Angeles: Semiotext(e), 2001), 183 pages. Andrew Knighton University of Minnesota In a 1986 conversation with Robert Maggiori (published in English in Negotiations, Columbia University Press, 1995), the French philosopher Gilles Delenze cautioned against regarding Michel Foucault as a sort of "intellectual guru." Instead, in defiance of a trend whose momentum has yet ceased to abate, he insists on situating Foucault in a larger conversation—with the theorists that were his contemporaries, with the problems in his work, and with himself. A Foucault lecture, then, is seen to resemble less a sermon than it does a concert—the performance of "a soloist 'accompanied' by everyone else." In spite of that caveat, Deleuze concludes, simply, that "Foucault gave wonderful lectures." This assertion of Foucault's oratorical acumen will surprise few who have read, for example, his inaugural lecture at the College de France in 1970 ("The Order of Discourse"). Even less surprising is that some of his lectures prove better than others. As we are reminded by the editor of Semiotext(e)'s Fearless Speech (a collection of talks delivered as part of a 1983 Berkeley seminar entitled "Discourse and Truth") these transcribed lectures do not reflect Foucault's notes or intentions, and, being published after his death, lack his imprimatur. And while this may partially account for their occasional flatness, they are further hindered by having to stand on their own, without the contextualization necessary to animate their themes. Fearless Speech can, however, come alive, if regarded as an index of a crucial turning point in the development of Foucault's thought.